精品解析：山东省烟台市牟平区（五四制）2024-2025学年九年级下学期期中考试英语试题

2024-2025学年度第二学期期中质量检测（笔答题） 初四英语 （100分钟，满分90分） 温馨提示： 1．本试卷共8页，满分90分；考试时间100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2．答题前，务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3．选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 4．非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。 5．写在试卷上和答题卡指定区域外的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A STORYTELLING CLUB Choose well. Prepare well. And then go and just tell! A good storyteller can take listeners into a new world, and tell them truths through their stories. Our storytelling club is looking for new storytellers! If you are interested in storytelling, come and join us! You don’t need to have any experience! Come to learn storytelling skills! We’ll play games and make friends with each other. You may also have chances to tell stories at future library storytelling activities! Age group: 12-18 Price:$200 each kid (10% off (减价的) if two or more kids come together) Time: 4:00 pm-5:00 pm, every Monday from Nov. 24 (Monday) to Jan. 12 Place: Program: Room Hedberg Public Library Registration (报名) will be open from 8:00 am, Oct. 21 to 6:00 pm, Nov, 2. You can register online, at Hedberg Public Library, or call 608-758-6600. For more information, please call Children’s Room at 608-758-6585. 1. How many ways can children register for entering the club? A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4. 2. Linda, 14, wants to join the storytelling club with her cousins: 10-year-old Bob, 16-year-old Mary and 17-year-old Michael. How much will they pay in all? A. $540. B. $600. C. $720. D. $800. 3. Which is false according to the reading? A. The register time will last 50 days. B. The registered children can go to the club 8 times. C. Both experienced storytellers and storytellers without skills are welcome to the club. D. If you join the storytelling club, you’re sure to win prizes in library storytelling activities. B An about 2-metre-wide alley (小巷，胡同), or “Liu Chi Xiang” in Chinese, now attracts (吸引) a large number of visitors in Tongcheng, Anhui. There is an ancient story behind it. During the Qing Dynasty, Minister Zhang Ying received a letter from his family back in his hometown of Tongcheng one day. From the letter, Zhang learned that his family had quarrelled with their neighbour Wu and his family over the boundary (分界线) between their houses. Since both families held strong power in Tongcheng, the disagreement was never solved. Zhang’s family wrote the letter hoping that Zhang could get the Wu family to give in. However, Zhang replied with a poem saying, “Writing a letter from home, thousands of li away, just for a wall. All that fuss (大发牢骚) over one metre or two. Look at the long Great Wall. Long gone is its builder Emperor Oinshihuang.” His reply made the family members realize that the wall was only a temporary (暂时的) matter and that the close relationship with their neighbour was more important. So they decided to move their wall back about one metre. In turn, the Wu family was deeply touched by this act and moved back another metre while building their wall. It made an about two-metre-wide narrow “alley” come into being between the houses. Today, Tongcheng has become a national historical and cultural city. And the alley deeply reflects the values of tolerance and harmony (宽容与和谐) that are widely admired in China. 4. In which city did this story happen? A. Liu Chi Xiang. B. Tongcheng. C. Anhui. D. China. 5. What was the main purpose of Zhang’s family in writing a letter to him? A. To ask Zhang to make the two-metre-wide narrow “alley”. B. To ask Zhang to give the Wu family more land to build on. C. To ask Zhang to give a hand to make the Wu family give in. D. To give the Wu family a hand to make the Zhang family give in. 6 How did Zhang persuade (说服) his family in his poem? A. By criticizing (批评) his family. B. By criticizing the Wu family. C. By praising his family. D. By giving his family a famous example. 7. How was the disagreement between the Zhang and the Wu family solved at last? A. Only the Wu family moved their wall back about one metre. B. Only the Zhang family moved their wall back about one metre. C. Both the Zhang family and the Wu family moved their walls back about one metre. D. Neither the Zhang family nor the Wu family moved their walls back about one metre. C In December 2020, the “quiet carriage” service was first introduced on some trains of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and the Chengdu-Chongqing high-speed railway. Up to June 2024, this service has expanded (扩展) to the Beijing-Guangzhou, Beijing-Harbin, Shanghai-Kunming and other high-speed railways. The “quiet carriages” feature (以……为特色) silent videos and announcements made at a low volume (音量). Doors at both ends of the carriage are closed to reduce noise from outside. During the trip, passengers must wear earphones or turn off loudspeakers when using electronic devices (设备). They also need to leave their seats to make or answer calls, and their phones should be set to silent or vibrate mode (振动模式). For those travelling with children, they must take care of them and keep them quiet. Mr. Li, a Chengdu local, said, “I make at least one round trip a week between Chengdu and Chongqing for work. I sometimes need to focus on my work or get some rest during the hour-long trip. The ‘quiet carriage’ is a good choice for me.” “When I booked the tickets, I first saw the option (选项) for the ‘quiet carriage’, and I wanted to give it a shot,” said Miss Mou, who took the train from Beijing to Shanghai. “When I entered the carriage for the first time, signs reminding passengers to keep quiet were everywhere, and it was really much quieter than the other carriages.” Experts say that the “quiet carriage” service provides passengers with more value-added choices. It not only helps passengers to follow public order and respect the rights of others, but also makes a more civilized (文明的) travelling environment. 8. Which of the following parts of China hasn’t been mentioned? A. South China. B. Northeast China. C. Southwest China. D. Northwest China. 9. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the “quiet carriages”? A. They make a separate space for passengers. B. No announcements are made in these carriages. C. Passengers’ phones shouldn’t make much noise in these carriages. D. If a little boy cries loudly in a “quiet carriage”, his parents had better first take him out. 10. What does the underlined part “give it a shot” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Have a try. B. Shut it off. C. Take it easy. D. Make a mess. 11. Why does the author mention Mr. Li and Miss Mou? A. To show the service that passengers can enjoy. B. To explain what makes the “quiet carriages” special. C. To show that the “quiet carriage” service is well received. D. To prove that the passengers there mostly work in business. D Then, in a turning in the road, I found the roadman. He had just started repairing the road when he saw me. “I’m sorry I ever stopped farming!” he said. “I was my own boss then. Now I have to do what the government orders, and I’m a prisoner (囚犯) here with aching eyes and a bad back. And my head is going to explode (爆炸).” He was about my age, and wore big black glasses. He started to work again, and then stopped. “I can’t do it,” he cried. “I’m going back to bed.” I asked him why. “It was my daughter’s wedding last night, so we were dancing and drinking until 4:00 a. m. And the new road inspector (督导员) is coming to visit today! He’ll come and not find me, or he’ll come and find me like this. Whatever happens, I’m finished.” Then I had an idea. “Does this new inspector know you?” “No. He started last week.” “Where’s your house?” He pointed to the small house I had seen before. “Well, go back to bed,” I said, “and sleep in peace, I’ll do your job for the day and see the inspector.” He looked at me for a minute, and then smiled. “You’re the main for me! It’s an easy job.” He pointed to lots of stones along the side of the road, “Just put the stones down all along the edges of the road. My name is Alexander Turnbull. If you speak to the inspector nicely, he’ll be happy. I’ll come back at five pm.” I borrowed his glasses a very old pipe (烟斗) and a very dirty hat, and gave him my good clothes. My new friend walked off slowly to his bed. I hoped he would be inside his house when my enemies arrived. I put as much dirt (泥土) as possible on my face, hands and clothes, and rubbed some into my eyes to make them red. My boots (靴子) did not look like a workman’s boots, so I kicked them against the rocks to make them look older. The roadman had left his sandwiches and I was happy to eat some of them. There was still nothing moving on the road when I started work. 12. What did the roadman mean when he said “I was my own boss then”? A. He worked for himself then. B. He made much money then. C. He made people work for him then. D. He had a company of his own then. 13. What did the roadman advise “me” to do? A. To work hard. B. To speak nicely to the inspector. C. To eat the sandwiches. D. To make his boots look much older. 14. Why did “T” want to do the roadman’s job? A. Because “I” felt sorry for the roadman. B. Because “I” was good at mending the road. C. Because “I” wanted to hide from “my” enemies. D. Because “I” wanted to meet the road inspector very much. 15. Which is TRUE according to the reading? A. The roadman was a real prisoner. B. The roadman complained because he was ill. C. The road inspector knew Alexander Turnbull very well. D ”I” dressed up like a roadman because “I” was doing a very secret job. 第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） E The influence of global warming (全球变暖) on polar bears (北极熊). In Canada, sea ice covers western Hudson Bay for most of the year. For polar bears, it’s a perfect hunting place, because there are lots of seals (海豹) - their favourite food. ____16____ The ice melts (融化) and they have to move to land (陆地). Without enough food, polar bears must live off fat (脂肪) in their bodies for months. ____17____ Here comes the question: can polar bears live well on land? ____18____ Anthony Pagano, a scientist from the US, led his team to Hudson Bay. They put GPS video trackers (追踪器) on 20 bears there for three weeks in the summers between 2019 and 2022. They studied what the bears ate, how they moved, how much energy they used each day and so on. “The bears aren’t able to find food they need on land, The rising temperature makes a big change to their life,” said Pagano. Polar bears only live in the Arctic (北极) and ice is missing slowly there. ____19____ And scientists say the number may go up by S to 10 days every ten years in the future. This will lead to poor health of polar bears and a big drop in their number. What’s worse, they may fight with humans when moving into new places to search for food. ____20____ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A. So it’s time for humans to take action to stop global warming. B. In this way, polar bears can live a happy life forever. C. Now, because of global warming, the period becomes even longer. D. According to a study in Nature, the answer is “No”. E. However, when hot days come, life gets much harder for the polar bears. F. Polar bears now spend around 130 days on land a year. 第二部分 语言知识应用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 完形填空（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The ocean is full of amazing living things. It’s also full of plastic. That’s bad news for deep-diving (深潜的) whales, as they can ____21____ the plastic for food and eat it. ____22____ do whales mix up plastic and prey (猎物)?A team at the Duke University Marine (海洋的) Lab in the US has been looking into this question. Recently, the team has provided an answer. It all comes down to echolocation (回声定位): a ____23____ process that allows whales to “hear” objects in the darkest depths of the sea. Some types of whales hunt in the deepest parts of the ocean, where there’s ____24____ light. It’s too dark for them to see, but they can hear. First, the whales make a sound, and then they listen. They hear echoes bouncing off (反射) nearby objects. These echoes ____25____ the whales to hunt. The echoes bounce off prey like squid (鱿鱼), and they also bounce off objects that are not food, like waste. The ____26____ found that waste and prey cause similar echoes. To the whales, they “sound” the same. That can cause the whales to eat waste. However, eating waste is ____27____ for whales. The plastic can build up in their stomachs, preventing food from ____28____ through their bodies. This can be deadly. “Plastic ____29____ influences animals that are so far away from our daily lives,” says Greg Merrill, the lead author of the study. “This problem is really big. People need to make real changes in their daily lives and then find the types of solutions we need ____30____ this problem.” 21. A. stand B. mistake C. look for D. remind 22. A. How B. Why C. When D. Where 23. A. common B. unusual C. special D. natural 24. A. enough B. much C. little D. plenty of 25. A. allow B. prevent C. make D. find 26. A. volunteers B. designers C. scientists D. engineers 27. A. interesting B. helpful C. endangered D. dangerous 28. A. sending B. passing C. running D. sleeping 29. A. pollution B. information C. program D. factory 30. A. solve B. to solve C. solving D. solved 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Weiqi, commonly known as Go in English, is a board game that started in ancient China. The game ____31____ (consider) one of the Four Arts that Chinese literators (文人) were required to master. Besides Weiqi, they had to learn Chinese calligraphy (shu), painting (hua) ____32____ guqin playing (qin). Weiqi has a history ____33____ over 4,000 years, even older than Chinese chess. According to some historical records, the game, known as Yi in ____34____ (it) early years, is said to have been invented by Emperor Yao. Seeing that his son had a bad temper (脾气) and didn’t like to study, the emperor was rather ____35____ (worry). So he decided ____36____ (find) something that could help educate his son, and a simple board game came to him. The rules of Weiqi are simple: using black and white stones (棋子), two players take turns placing their stones on empty cross points of the board. The goal is to surround a larger total area on the board while preventing one’s own stones from being taken by the opponent (对手). Stones do not move and are only taken off the board if they are ____37____ (complete) surrounded. The scene of two people playing Weiqi appears in many ____38____ (tradition) Chinese paintings: The image of a player holding a stone over the board, looking for a place to put it, was later turned into a popular Chinese idiom (成语), which means “unsure about making a move”. The expression is still ____39____ (wide) used today. With its ____40____ (develop), Weiqi grew in popularity. Later, it spread to Japan, South and North Korea and Western countries. Today, it has become an international board game. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 Liu Tao, a man from Yangshuo, Guangxi, has won great popularity by making short videos. In August 2021, Liu shared a video online, where he said in English, “It’s said that Guilin’s scenery is the best under heaven (天堂；天空), yet Yangshuo’s scenery is the best in Guilin.” At the end of the video, he said “Thank you” with an accent (口音). That sounded like “Shank q”. His pronunciation was so special that he got 100,000 fans overnight. In May 2022, Liu posted another video, singing an English children’s song. Just a few days later, he got one million fans, and he was called “Shank Q Brother” by his supporters. Actually, Liu has been interested in English since childhood. At the age of 5, he often saw foreigners in his village. After they greeted him in English, he shyly greeted them back. In middle school, he always got good scores in English exams. In 1993, he dropped out of school because his family couldn’t afford his education. However, he kept learning English. In 1998, after passing an interview and a spoken English exam, Liu was given a certificate (证书) and became a tour guide in Yangshuo. In 2013, Liu began working in hotels in Yangshuo. During his years as a tour guide and hotel worker, he served over 60,000 international tourists. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic (大流行病), Liu lost his job in 2020 and returned home. The next year, he took up making short videos. His videos are about the culture of Yangshuo. He hopes to introduce his hometown to people all over the world. 41. In which part of China (eg. Northeast/ Southeast/ South…China) did this story happen? ________________________________________ 42. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. ________________________________________ 43. Why did Liu have to leave school and receive education no longer? ________________________________________ 44 Why did Liu lose his job and return home in 2020? ________________________________________ 45. What can you learn from Liu? ________________________________________ 第二节 写作（满分20分） 46. 没有世界和平，就没有各国的正常发展。两次世界大战给人类带来了巨大的灾难。即使是现在，全球的局部冲突仍然给人们带来了各种痛苦。而和平却是人类发展必不可少的。而要达到世界和平，就需要每个人和全球各国的共同努力。 参考词汇：呼吁：appeal；局部冲突：local conflict；外交对话：diplomatic dialogue；要求： 1．词数在100左右（开头已给出。不计入总词数，但要抄写在答题卡上）。 2．字迹工整，书写规范，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3．文中不得出现本人真实的学校、班级和姓名。 Dear friends, I’m here to strongly appeal for world peace. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年度第二学期期中质量检测（笔答题） 初四英语 （100分钟，满分90分） 温馨提示： 1．本试卷共8页，满分90分；考试时间100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2．答题前，务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3．选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 4．非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。 5．写在试卷上和答题卡指定区域外的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A STORYTELLING CLUB Choose well. Prepare well. And then go and just tell! A good storyteller can take listeners into a new world, and tell them truths through their stories. Our storytelling club is looking for new storytellers! If you are interested in storytelling, come and join us! You don’t need to have any experience! Come to learn storytelling skills! We’ll play games and make friends with each other. You may also have chances to tell stories at future library storytelling activities! Age group: 12-18 Price:$200 each kid (10% off (减价的) if two or more kids come together) Time: 4:00 pm-5:00 pm, every Monday from Nov. 24 (Monday) to Jan. 12 Place: Program: Room, Hedberg Public Library Registration (报名) will be open from 8:00 am, Oct. 21 to 6:00 pm, Nov, 2. You can register online, at Hedberg Public Library, or call 608-758-6600. For more information, please call Children’s Room at 608-758-6585. 1. How many ways can children register for entering the club? A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4. 2. Linda, 14, wants to join the storytelling club with her cousins: 10-year-old Bob, 16-year-old Mary and 17-year-old Michael. How much will they pay in all? A. $540. B. $600. C. $720. D. $800. 3. Which is false according to the reading? A. The register time will last 50 days. B. The registered children can go to the club 8 times. C. Both experienced storytellers and storytellers without skills are welcome to the club. D. If you join the storytelling club, you’re sure to win prizes in library storytelling activities. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要是关于讲故事俱乐部的招募信息，介绍了招募对象为12-18岁人群，包含费用、时间、地点、报名方式及更多信息获取方式等内容，邀请感兴趣的人加入。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Registration (报名) will be open from 8:00 am, Oct. 21 to 6:00 pm, Nov. 2. You can register online, at Hedberg Public Library, or call 608 - 758 - 6600.”可知，有在线报名、在图书馆报名、电话报名这3种方式。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Age group: 12-18”及“Price: $200 each kid (10% off (减价的) if two or more kids come together)”可知，年龄组是12至18岁，所以鲍勃（10岁）不符合加入条件。Linda和她的2个表亲一共3个孩子，原价每个200，3个是600，打9折后是540 。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据“You may also have chances to tell stories at future library storytelling activities!”可知，是有机会讲故事，不是肯定能获奖，D选项错误。故选D。 B An about 2-metre-wide alley (小巷，胡同), or “Liu Chi Xiang” in Chinese, now attracts (吸引) a large number of visitors in Tongcheng, Anhui. There is an ancient story behind it. During the Qing Dynasty, Minister Zhang Ying received a letter from his family back in his hometown of Tongcheng one day. From the letter, Zhang learned that his family had quarrelled with their neighbour Wu and his family over the boundary (分界线) between their houses. Since both families held strong power in Tongcheng, the disagreement was never solved. Zhang’s family wrote the letter hoping that Zhang could get the Wu family to give in. However, Zhang replied with a poem saying, “Writing a letter from home, thousands of li away, just for a wall. All that fuss (大发牢骚) over one metre or two. Look at the long Great Wall. Long gone is its builder Emperor Oinshihuang.” His reply made the family members realize that the wall was only a temporary (暂时的) matter and that the close relationship with their neighbour was more important. So they decided to move their wall back about one metre. In turn, the Wu family was deeply touched by this act and moved back another metre while building their wall. It made an about two-metre-wide narrow “alley” come into being between the houses. Today, Tongcheng has become a national historical and cultural city. And the alley deeply reflects the values of tolerance and harmony (宽容与和谐) that are widely admired in China. 4. In which city did this story happen? A. Liu Chi Xiang. B. Tongcheng. C. Anhui. D. China. 5. What was the main purpose of Zhang’s family in writing a letter to him? A. To ask Zhang to make the two-metre-wide narrow “alley”. B. To ask Zhang to give the Wu family more land to build on. C. To ask Zhang to give a hand to make the Wu family give in. D. To give the Wu family a hand to make the Zhang family give in. 6. How did Zhang persuade (说服) his family in his poem? A. By criticizing (批评) his family. B. By criticizing the Wu family. C. By praising his family. D. By giving his family a famous example. 7. How was the disagreement between the Zhang and the Wu family solved at last? A. Only the Wu family moved their wall back about one metre. B. Only the Zhang family moved their wall back about one metre. C. Both the Zhang family and the Wu family moved their walls back about one metre. D. Neither the Zhang family nor the Wu family moved their walls back about one metre. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了安徽桐城“六尺巷”的由来及其背后体现的宽容与和谐的价值观。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据“An about 2-metre-wide alley (小巷，胡同), or ‘Liu Chi Xiang’ in Chinese, now attracts (吸引) a large number of visitors in Tongcheng, Anhui.”可知，这个故事发生在安徽桐城。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Zhang’s family wrote the letter hoping that Zhang could get the Wu family to give in.”可知，张家写信的目的是希望张英帮忙让吴家让步。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Look at the long Great Wall. Long gone is its builder Emperor Oinshihuang.”可知，他通过引用秦始皇修建长城的例子来说服家人。故选D。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据“So they decided to move their wall back about one metre. In turn, the Wu family was deeply touched by this act and moved back another metre while building their wall.”可知，最终双方各自退让一米。故选C。 C In December 2020, the “quiet carriage” service was first introduced on some trains of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and the Chengdu-Chongqing high-speed railway. Up to June 2024, this service has expanded (扩展) to the Beijing-Guangzhou, Beijing-Harbin, Shanghai-Kunming and other high-speed railways. The “quiet carriages” feature (以……为特色) silent videos and announcements made at a low volume (音量). Doors at both ends of the carriage are closed to reduce noise from outside. During the trip, passengers must wear earphones or turn off loudspeakers when using electronic devices (设备). They also need to leave their seats to make or answer calls, and their phones should be set to silent or vibrate mode (振动模式). For those travelling with children, they must take care of them and keep them quiet. Mr. Li, a Chengdu local, said, “I make at least one round trip a week between Chengdu and Chongqing for work. I sometimes need to focus on my work or get some rest during the hour-long trip. The ‘quiet carriage’ is a good choice for me.” “When I booked the tickets I first saw the option (选项) for the ‘quiet carriage’, and I wanted to give it a shot,” said Miss Mou, who took the train from Beijing to Shanghai. “When I entered the carriage for the first time, signs reminding passengers to keep quiet were everywhere, and it was really much quieter than the other carriages.” Experts say that the “quiet carriage” service provides passengers with more value-added choices. It not only helps passengers to follow public order and respect the rights of others, but also makes a more civilized (文明的) travelling environment. 8. Which of the following parts of China hasn’t been mentioned? A. South China. B. Northeast China. C. Southwest China. D. Northwest China. 9. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the “quiet carriages”? A. They make a separate space for passengers. B. No announcements are made in these carriages. C. Passengers’ phones shouldn’t make much noise in these carriages. D. If a little boy cries loudly in a “quiet carriage”, his parents had better first take him out. 10. What does the underlined part “give it a shot” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A Have a try. B. Shut it off. C. Take it easy. D. Make a mess. 11. Why does the author mention Mr. Li and Miss Mou? A. To show the service that passengers can enjoy. B. To explain what makes the “quiet carriages” special. C. To show that the “quiet carriage” service is well received. D. To prove that the passengers there mostly work in business. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了高铁“静音车厢”服务的推广范围、规则要求、乘客反馈以及其积极意义。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“...first introduced on some trains of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and the Chengdu-Chongqing high-speed railway.”及“this service has expanded (扩展) to the Beijing-Guangzhou, Beijing-Harbin, Shanghai-Kunming and other high-speed railways.”可知所列路线包括北京-上海、成都-重庆、北京-广州、北京-哈尔滨、上海-昆明，可知涉及华东、华南、西南、东北地区，未提及西北地区。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“...announcements made at a low volume”可知，广播是小音量，并非没有广播，因此B项表述错误，符合题干要求。故选B。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“I first saw the option (选项) for the ‘quiet carriage’, and I wanted to... ”及“When I entered the carriage for the first time,”可知Miss Mou想尝试“静音车厢”，可以判断“give it a shot”意为“尝试一下”。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据“I sometimes need to focus on my work or get some rest during the hour-long trip. The ‘quiet carriage’ is a good choice for me.”和“and it was really much quieter than the other carriages.”可知他们都对“静音车厢”服务表示认可，所以作者提到他们是为了表明“静音车厢”服务很受欢迎。故选C。 D Then, in a turning in the road, I found the roadman. He had just started repairing the road when he saw me. “I’m sorry I ever stopped farming!” he said. “I was my own boss then. Now I have to do what the government orders, and I’m a prisoner (囚犯) here with aching eyes and a bad back. And my head is going to explode (爆炸).” He was about my age, and wore big black glasses. He started to work again, and then stopped. “I can’t do it,” he cried. “I’m going back to bed.” I asked him why. “It was my daughter’s wedding last night, so we were dancing and drinking until 4:00 a. m. And the new road inspector (督导员) is coming to visit today! He’ll come and not find me, or he’ll come and find me like this. Whatever happens, I’m finished.” Then I had an idea. “Does this new inspector know you?” “No. He started last week.” “Where’s your house?” He pointed to the small house I had seen before. “Well, go back to bed,” I said, “and sleep in peace, I’ll do your job for the day and see the inspector.” He looked at me for a minute, and then smiled. “You’re the main for me! It’s an easy job.” He pointed to lots of stones along the side of the road, “Just put the stones down all along the edges of the road. My name is Alexander Turnbull. If you speak to the inspector nicely, he’ll be happy. I’ll come back at five pm.” I borrowed his glasses, a very old pipe (烟斗) and a very dirty hat, and gave him my good clothes. My new friend walked off slowly to his bed. I hoped he would be inside his house when my enemies arrived. I put as much dirt (泥土) as possible on my face, hands and clothes, and rubbed some into my eyes to make them red. My boots (靴子) did not look like a workman’s boots, so I kicked them against the rocks to make them look older. The roadman had left his sandwiches and I was happy to eat some of them. There was still nothing moving on the road when I started work. 12. What did the roadman mean when he said “I was my own boss then”? A. He worked for himself then. B. He made much money then. C. He made people work for him then. D. He had a company of his own then. 13. What did the roadman advise “me” to do? A. To work hard. B. To speak nicely to the inspector. C. To eat the sandwiches. D. To make his boots look much older. 14. Why did “T” want to do the roadman’s job? A. Because “I” felt sorry for the roadman. B. Because “I” was good at mending the road. C. Because “I” wanted to hide from “my” enemies. D. Because “I” wanted to meet the road inspector very much. 15. Which is TRUE according to the reading? A. The roadman was a real prisoner. B. The roadman complained because he was ill. C The road inspector knew Alexander Turnbull very well. D. ”I” dressed up like a roadman because “I” was doing a very secret job. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者在逃避敌人追捕时，遇到一个因宿醉无法工作的道路工人，于是伪装成工人替他完成工作以躲避敌人。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据“I was my own boss then. Now I have to do what the government orders”可知道路工人说“我曾经自己当老板”，现在必须按照政府的命令去做，这表明他过去是自己给自己打工，即自己经营自己的工作。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据“If you speak to the inspector nicely, he’ll be happy.”可知他建议“我”和督导员好好说话，这样他会很高兴。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据“I’ll do your job for the day and see the inspector.”以及“I hoped he would be inside his house when my enemies arrived.”可知“我”想代替道路工人工作是为了躲避“我”的敌人。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据“I’ll do your job for the day and see the inspector.”以及“I hoped he would be inside his house when my enemies arrived.”可知“我”想代替道路工人工作是为了躲避“我”的敌人，所以“我”打扮得像个道路工人，因为“我”正在做一项非常秘密的工作。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） E The influence of global warming (全球变暖) on polar bears (北极熊). In Canada, sea ice covers western Hudson Bay for most of the year. For polar bears, it’s a perfect hunting place, because there are lots of seals (海豹) - their favourite food. ____16____ The ice melts (融化) and they have to move to land (陆地). Without enough food, polar bears must live off fat (脂肪) in their bodies for months. ____17____ Here comes the question: can polar bears live well on land? ____18____ Anthony Pagano, a scientist from the US, led his team to Hudson Bay. They put GPS video trackers (追踪器) on 20 bears there for three weeks in the summers between 2019 and 2022. They studied what the bears ate, how they moved, how much energy they used each day and so on. “The bears aren’t able to find food they need on land, The rising temperature makes a big change to their life,” said Pagano. Polar bears only live in the Arctic (北极) and ice is missing slowly there. ____19____ And scientists say the number may go up by S to 10 days every ten years in the future. This will lead to poor health of polar bears and a big drop in their number. What’s worse, they may fight with humans when moving into new places to search for food. ____20____ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A. So it’s time for humans to take action to stop global warming. B. In this way, polar bears can live a happy life forever. C. Now, because of global warming, the period becomes even longer. D. According to a study in Nature, the answer is “No”. E. However, when hot days come, life gets much harder for the polar bears. F. Polar bears now spend around 130 days on land a year. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. D 19. F 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了全球变暖导致北极海冰融化，北极熊被迫在陆地上长时间生存，面临食物短缺、健康恶化、数量下降及与人类冲突等问题，呼吁人类采取行动阻止全球变暖。 【16题详解】 根据“For polar bears, it’s a perfect hunting place...The ice melts and they have to move to land.”可知，前文描述海冰是北极熊的理想捕猎地，后文转而提到冰融化后的困境，此处需要表转折的过渡句。选项E“然而，当炎热的日子来临时，北极熊的生活变得更加艰难”符合语境，既转折前文的理想环境，又引出冰融化的问题。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据“Without enough food, polar bears must live off fat in their bodies for months. Here comes the question: can polar bears live well on land?”可知，前文强调北极熊依赖体内脂肪生存的时间长，后文引出陆地生存的疑问。选项C“现在，由于全球变暖，这个时期变得更长了。”中的“the period”指代依赖脂肪生存的时间，全球变暖导致该时期延长，从而自然引出后文对陆地生存能力的质疑。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据“Here comes the question: can polar bears live well on land? Anthony Pagano...led his team to Hudson Bay...‘The bears aren’t able to find food they need on land...’”可知，前文提出问题，后文通过研究给出否定答案。选项D“根据《自然》杂志的一项研究，答案是‘不’。”直接回应问题，且“a study”与后文Pagano的研究形成呼应。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据“Polar bears only live in the Arctic and ice is missing slowly there. And scientists say the number may go up by 5 to 10 days every ten years in the future.”可知，后文提到时间“数字”的增长，前文需铺垫具体的时间数据。选项F“北极熊现在每年大约有130天在陆地上度过。”中的“130 days”为具体时长，与后文“每十年增加5-10天”形成时间维度的连贯逻辑。故选F。 【20题详解】 根据“What’s worse, they may fight with humans...So it’s time for humans to take action to stop global warming.”可知，前文列举全球变暖对北极熊危害，后文应引出解决措施。选项A“现在是人类采取行动阻止全球变暖的时候了。”符合段落收尾的逻辑语境。故选A。 第二部分 语言知识应用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 完形填空（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The ocean is full of amazing living things. It’s also full of plastic. That’s bad news for deep-diving (深潜的) whales, as they can ____21____ the plastic for food and eat it. ____22____ do whales mix up plastic and prey (猎物)?A team at the Duke University Marine (海洋的) Lab in the US has been looking into this question. Recently, the team has provided an answer. It all comes down to echolocation (回声定位): a ____23____ process that allows whales to “hear” objects in the darkest depths of the sea. Some types of whales hunt in the deepest parts of the ocean, where there’s ____24____ light. It’s too dark for them to see, but they can hear. First, the whales make a sound, and then they listen. They hear echoes bouncing off (反射) nearby objects. These echoes ____25____ the whales to hunt. The echoes bounce off prey like squid (鱿鱼), and they also bounce off objects that are not food, like waste. The ____26____ found that waste and prey cause similar echoes. To the whales, they “sound” the same. That can cause the whales to eat waste. However, eating waste is ____27____ for whales. The plastic can build up in their stomachs, preventing food from ____28____ through their bodies. This can be deadly. “Plastic ____29____ influences animals that are so far away from our daily lives,” says Greg Merrill, the lead author of the study. “This problem is really big. People need to make real changes in their daily lives and then find the types of solutions we need ____30____ this problem.” 21. A. stand B. mistake C. look for D. remind 22. A. How B. Why C. When D. Where 23. A. common B. unusual C. special D. natural 24. A. enough B. much C. little D. plenty of 25. A. allow B. prevent C. make D. find 26. A. volunteers B. designers C. scientists D. engineers 27. A. interesting B. helpful C. endangered D. dangerous 28. A. sending B. passing C. running D. sleeping 29. A. pollution B. information C. program D. factory 30. A. solve B. to solve C. solving D. solved 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了深潜鲸鱼因回声定位无法分辨塑料与猎物，导致误食塑料污染，进而危及生命，呼吁人们改变生活方式解决这一问题。 【21题详解】 句意：海洋里充满了令人惊叹的生物，也充满了塑料，这对齐潜的鲸鱼来说是个坏消息，因为它们可能会把塑料错当成食物吃掉。 stand站立；mistake错误；look for寻找；remind提醒。根据“mix up plastic and prey”可知，鲸鱼会将塑料和猎物混淆，所以这里表示“把……错认成”，故选B。 【22题详解】 句意：为什么鲸鱼会把塑料和猎物弄混呢？ How如何；Why为什么；When何时；Where哪里。后文提到研究团队的发现，解释了鲸鱼混淆两者的原因，故用Why提问，故选B。 【23题详解】 句意：这一切都归结于回声定位——一种让鲸鱼在海洋最黑暗的深处“听到”物体的自然过程。 common常见的；unusual不寻常的；special特殊的；natural自然的。回声定位是鲸鱼与生俱来的能力，属于自然过程，故选D。 【24题详解】 句意：有些种类的鲸鱼在海洋最深处捕猎，那里几乎没有光线。 enough足够的；much许多；little几乎没有；plenty of大量的。深海环境黑暗，光线极少，故选C。 【25题详解】 句意：这些回声让鲸鱼能够捕猎。 allow允许、使能够；prevent阻止；make制作；find找到。回声定位帮助鲸鱼感知猎物，“allow sb. to do sth.”表示“使某人能够做某事”，故选A。 【26题详解】 句意：科学家们发现，垃圾和猎物会产生相似的回声。 volunteers志愿者；designers设计师；scientists科学家；engineers工程师。前文提到杜克大学海洋实验室的团队在研究该问题，故此处指“科学家”，故选C。 【27题详解】 句意：然而，吃垃圾对鲸鱼来说是危险的。 interesting有趣的；helpful有帮助的；endangered濒危的；dangerous危险的。后文提到塑料会在鲸鱼胃中堆积，甚至致命，因此是“危险的”，故选D。 【28题详解】 句意：塑料会在它们的胃里堆积，阻止食物在体内通过。 sending发送；passing通过；running运行；sleeping睡觉。“pass through”表示“通过、穿过”，指食物无法正常消化通过身体，故选B。 【29题详解】 句意：塑料污染影响着那些远离我们日常生活的动物。 pollution污染；information信息；program项目；factory工厂。前文多次提到塑料对鲸鱼的危害，此处指“塑料污染”，故选A。 【30题详解】 句意：人们需要在日常生活中做出真正的改变，然后找到我们需要的解决这个问题的方法。 solve动词原形；to solve解决，动词不定式；solving动名词；solved过去式。“need to do sth.”表示“需要做某事”，此处用不定式表目的，故选B。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Weiqi, commonly known as Go in English, is a board game that started in ancient China. The game ____31____ (consider) one of the Four Arts that Chinese literators (文人) were required to master. Besides Weiqi, they had to learn Chinese calligraphy (shu), painting (hua) ____32____ guqin playing (qin). Weiqi has a history ____33____ over 4,000 years, even older than Chinese chess. According to some historical records, the game, known as Yi in ____34____ (it) early years, is said to have been invented by Emperor Yao. Seeing that his son had a bad temper (脾气) and didn’t like to study, the emperor was rather ____35____ (worry). So he decided ____36____ (find) something that could help educate his son, and a simple board game came to him. The rules of Weiqi are simple: using black and white stones (棋子), two players take turns placing their stones on empty cross points of the board. The goal is to surround a larger total area on the board while preventing one’s own stones from being taken by the opponent (对手). Stones do not move and are only taken off the board if they are ____37____ (complete) surrounded. The scene of two people playing Weiqi appears in many ____38____ (tradition) Chinese paintings: The image of a player holding a stone over the board looking for a place to put it, was later turned into a popular Chinese idiom (成语), which means “unsure about making a move”. The expression is still ____39____ (wide) used today. With its ____40____ (develop), Weiqi grew in popularity. Later, it spread to Japan, South and North Korea and Western countries. Today, it has become an international board game. 【答案】31. is considered 32. and 33. of 34. its 35. worried 36. to find 37. completely 38. traditional 39. widely 40. development 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了起源于中国古代的围棋的历史、规则、在传统绘画中的体现及其随着发展在世界范围内变得流行的情况。 【31题详解】 句意：围棋被认为是中国文人必须掌握的“四艺”之一。根据“be considered as/one of...”意为“被认为是……之一”，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语“The game”是单数，故填is considered。 【32题详解】 句意：除了围棋，他们还必须学习中国书法（书）、绘画（画）和古琴演奏（琴）。“Chinese calligraphy (shu), painting (hua)”与“guqin playing (qin)”是并列关系，用连词and连接，故填and。 【33题详解】 句意：围棋有超过4000年的历史。“a history of + 时间”表示“……的历史”，是固定短语，故填of。 【34题详解】 句意：根据一些历史记录，这个游戏在其早期被称为“弈”。“early years”前需用形容词性物主代词修饰，it的形容词性物主代词是its，故填its。 【35题详解】 句意：看到儿子脾气不好且不爱学习，皇帝相当担心。be worried表示“担心的”，是固定短语，故填worried。 【36题详解】 句意：所以他决定找些能帮助教育儿子的东西。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，是固定用法，故填to find。 【37题详解】 句意：棋子不会移动，只有当它们被完全包围时才会从棋盘上被拿走。“surrounded”是动词过去分词，需用副词修饰，complete的副词形式是completely，故填completely。 【38题详解】 句意：两人下围棋的场景出现在许多中国传统绘画中。“paintings”是名词，需用形容词修饰，tradition的形容词形式是traditional，故填traditional。 【39题详解】 句意：这个表达如今仍被广泛使用。“used”是动词过去分词，需用副词修饰，wide的副词形式是widely，故填widely。 【40题详解】 句意：随着它的发展，围棋越来越受欢迎。“its”是形容词性物主代词，后接名词，develop的名词形式是development，故填development。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 Liu Tao, a man from Yangshuo, Guangxi, has won great popularity by making short videos. In August 2021, Liu shared a video online, where he said in English, “It’s said that Guilin’s scenery is the best under heaven (天堂；天空), yet Yangshuo’s scenery is the best in Guilin.” At the end of the video, he said “Thank you” with an accent (口音). That sounded like “Shank q”. His pronunciation was so special that he got 100,000 fans overnight. In May 2022, Liu posted another video, singing an English children’s song. Just a few days later, he got one million fans, and he was called “Shank Q Brother” by his supporters. Actually, Liu has been interested in English since childhood. At the age of 5, he often saw foreigners in his village. After they greeted him in English, he shyly greeted them back. In middle school, he always got good scores in English exams. In 1993, he dropped out of school because his family couldn’t afford his education. However, he kept learning English. In 1998, after passing an interview and a spoken English exam, Liu was given a certificate (证书) and became a tour guide in Yangshuo. In 2013, Liu began working in hotels in Yangshuo. During his years as a tour guide and hotel worker, he served over 60,000 international tourists. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic (大流行病), Liu lost his job in 2020 and returned home. The next year, he took up making short videos. His videos are about the culture of Yangshuo. He hopes to introduce his hometown to people all over the world. 41. In which part of China (eg. Northeast/ Southeast/ South…China) did this story happen? ________________________________________ 42. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. ________________________________________ 43. Why did Liu have to leave school and receive education no longer? ________________________________________ 44. Why did Liu lose his job and return home in 2020? ________________________________________ 45. What can you learn from Liu? ________________________________________ 【答案】41. (In) South China. 42. 据说桂林山水甲天下，然而/可是阳朔山水/风景甲桂林。 43. Because his family couldn’t afford his education./Because his family was too poor to afford his education/schooling. 44. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic. 45. 回答合理即可。参考答案：Never (gonna) give up./Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it./As long as you go for it, you’ll be successful./All roads lead to Rome./As long as you try your best, there are always more ways than difficulties./As long as you try your best, you’ll find a way out. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了来自广西阳朔的刘涛从对英语感兴趣，经历学业中断、工作变迁，到因疫情失业后通过制作介绍家乡阳朔文化的短视频获得关注的历程，体现了他对英语的坚持学习以及对家乡的热爱 。 【41题详解】 根据“Liu Tao, a man from Yangshuo, Guangxi”可知，广西属于中国南部地区，故事发生在中国南部。故填(In) South China. 【42题详解】 It’s said that据说；Guilin’s scenery桂林山水；is the best under heaven甲天下（天下第一）；yet然而，可是；Yangshuo’s scenery阳朔山水/风景；is the best in Guilin甲桂林。故答案为：据说桂林山水甲天下，然而/可是阳朔山水/风景甲桂林。 【43题详解】 根据“In 1993, he dropped out of school because his family couldn’t afford his education.”可知，刘涛辍学是因为家里负担不起他的学费。故填Because his family couldn’t afford his education./Because his family was too poor to afford his education/schooling. 【44题详解】 根据“Because of the COVID-19 pandemic (大流行病), Liu lost his job in 2020 and returned home.”可知，刘涛在2020年失业回家是因为新冠疫情。故填Because of the COVID-19 pandemic. 【45题详解】 回答合理即可。参考答案：Never (gonna) give up./Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it./As long as you go for it, you’ll be successful./All roads lead to Rome./As long as you try your best, there are always more ways than difficulties./As long as you try your best, you’ll find a way out. 第二节 写作（满分20分） 46. 没有世界和平，就没有各国的正常发展。两次世界大战给人类带来了巨大的灾难。即使是现在，全球的局部冲突仍然给人们带来了各种痛苦。而和平却是人类发展必不可少的。而要达到世界和平，就需要每个人和全球各国的共同努力。 参考词汇：呼吁：appeal；局部冲突：local conflict；外交对话：diplomatic dialogue；要求： 1．词数在100左右（开头已给出。不计入总词数，但要抄写在答题卡上）。 2．字迹工整，书写规范，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3．文中不得出现本人真实的学校、班级和姓名。 Dear friends, I’m here to strongly appeal for world peace. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 【答案】One possible version: Dear friends, I’m here to strongly appeal for world peace. History is full of terrible memories of war. Think of the two World Wars that brought countless disasters: millions died or get hurt, and cities and villages were destroyed. Even today, local conflicts continue to cause people to lose lives, get hurt or leave their homes. Peace, on the other hand, is the most important of progress. In a peaceful world, children can go to school without fear, and countries can focus on development and cooperation. Scientists can discover more high technology, and people can enjoy their lives. Achieving peace needs everyone’s effort. Nations should take diplomatic dialogues instead of force, and each of us should spread the message of peace. Let’s make peace a reality, not just a dream. Thank you! (120 words) 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇演讲稿； ②时态：时态为一般现在时和一般过去时； ③提示：围绕呼吁世界和平的主题展开，通过对比战争的危害与和平的意义，呼吁人们为实现和平努力，写作逻辑清晰，情感真挚。 [写作步骤] 第一步，点明演讲主题，强调呼吁世界和平； 第二步，回顾历史上战争带来的灾难，如两次世界大战导致的人员伤亡和城市破坏，以及当下局部冲突造成的不良影响； 第三步，阐述和平对于发展的重要性，从儿童上学、国家发展合作、科学探索和人们生活等方面说明和平的意义； 第四步，提出实现和平的方法，呼吁各国通过外交对话解决问题，倡导每个人传播和平理念。 [亮点词汇] ①be full of 充满 ②countless disasters 无数灾难 ③instead of 代替，而不是 [高分句型] ①Think of the two World Wars that brought countless disasters: millions died or got hurt, and cities and villages were destroyed.（that引导定语从句，修饰先行词 the two World Wars ） ②In a peaceful world, children can go to school without fear, and countries can focus on development and cooperation.（运用并列结构，清晰呈现和平世界的积极影响） ③Achieving peace needs everyone’s effort.（动名词短语Achieving peace 作主语，简洁有力地表明观点） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$