第2节 虚拟语气-高中英语学霸笔记

名校学霸笔记英语 第二节 虚拟语气 一、知识梳理 1,虚拟语气在非真实性条件包中的应用 情况 虚拟条件何 主句 与现在事突相反的 主语+shou(d/could/ 1f中主语+动词过去式 假没 mght/wou(dt动词原形 与过去事实相反的 主语+shou(d/could/ If+主语+had done 假设 might/wou(d:动词原形 If中主语+动洞过去式 与将来事实相反的 主语+shou(d/cou(d/ If+主语+were to+动原 假没 might/wou(d4动词原形 If+主语+shouldt动原 e.g.If I were you,I should seize the chance to go abroad. If you had taken my advice,you would not have failed in the exams. If you came/were to come/should come tomorron,I would give it to you. Wote:在条件句中可省略计，把were,shou(d,had提到匀首，同子用倒 装结构（香定不用缩写）。 e.g.Were I twenty now,I would join the army. Should Mr.white call,what would you say? Had we made a great effort,we might have succeeded. ※错维时间条件匀中，动词的形式要根据其所表示的时间做的相 的调整。 e.g.If you had studied hard before,you would be a college student. If the doctor hadn't tired his best to save you,you would not be standing here now. 2.虚拟语气在表示建汉、愿望、命令等动词后的要语从包中使用时， 渭语动词用shou(d+p.原形，shou(d可省略。这些动词为“一坚持(insist), 二命令(order,command),三建议(advice,.suggest,propose),m要求(demand,. desire,reguest,reguire)" e.g.He suggested that we(should)start off early the next day. They insisted that the boy (should)go with them. 3.虚拟语气在It is suggested that../It is requested that.…/It is ordered that... It is necessary./natura(/important that...等结构的主谓从句及su9 gesti 080 第6语法 on,order,proposal,Plan,idea等词后的表语从包或同位语从包中应用时，用 should+y.原形(shou(d可省)。 e.g.It is necessary that he (should)be sent there at once. 安列 My suggestion is that we (shoutd)send a few people to hetp the other 9T04P5. 4.虚拟语气在其他从包及一些固定包式中的闲法 ()I wish+从间 had done(与过去事实相反) were/aid（现在） would do(将来) e.g.we wish we had paid more attention to it. I wish I were a bird. I wish he would try again. (2)在计g(要是…就好了，但愿…)引出的句子中，谓语动 词形式与“wsh”后客语从句动词形式一样，表达意义也相间。 e.g.If onty I had (istened to your advice. (3)主句+as计(though)+从句（虚拟语气），谓语动词did/had done/were(陈述语气)，谓语动词用正常时态。 e.g.The two newcomers tatked as if they had known each other for ages. It look as if it isn't clean enough to swim. (4)It is time+从匀 Itis(high/about）time(that)sb.id/should do…… e.g.It is time that we stopped (should stop)this practice. (5）would(had)rather that sb.had done（过去） would prefer were/aid(现在/将来） e.g.I would rather you came tomorrow. (6)有时假没的情况并不以条件从包表示，而是通过一个介词短语 来表示，或通过上下文等其他手较来表示。如：with,without,but,otherwise… e.g.But for the rain,we would have finished the work. We could not have finished the work ahead of time without your hetp. Everything taken into consideration,they would have raised their output quickly. 得之找幸，不 二、例超 得载不信，再 J.(2018.地京）They might have found a better hospitat计they 不得找不幸。 few more kilometers. A.drove B.would drive C.were to drive D.had driven, 081 名校学霸笔记英语 【答集】D 【解析】匀意为如果他们再开几千来，他们就会找到一个更好的旅馆。 根据主句中的谓语动词might have found可知，此处是与过去事实相反的虚 拟语气，所以计引导的条件状语从句中的谓语动词应用过去完成时，故D 项正确。 2.(2018天津)Ifwe the flight yesterday ,we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now. A.had caught B.caught C.have caught D.would catch 【答集】A 【解析】根据主包中的would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now可 知时】导的是非真实性条件状语从句，及虚拟语气，再根据从句中的时 间状语yesterday可知从园表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，因此从句的调语 动词应用had done,故A项正确。 3.(2018-江苏）There is a9 ood social(ife in the village,and I wish I second chance to become more involved. A.had B.will have C.would have had D.have had 【答象】A 【解析】包意为：村里的社交活动很好，战希望还有一次机会去和极 参与。赧据包意可知wsh后的实语从包用虚拟语气，是对现在情况的虚拟， 从匀的渭语动洞用一般过去式，故A项正确。 三、练习题 1,(2017天津，填空) -Do you have Betty's phone number? -Yes.Otherwise,I able to reach her yesterday. 2.(2016)I was wearing a seatbeit.If I hadn't been wearing one,I (injure). 3.(2016~地京）Why didn't you telt me about your troub(e(ast week?rf you (telt)me,I could have hetped. 4.(2016全国Il,改错)Some classmates sug9 gest we can9 o to places of interest nearby. 5.(2018地京朝阳区高三期中统考)fwe (take)another road,we couldn't have been stuck in the traffic jam for so tong. 6.(2018江西南昌第二中学期中）I insisted that a doctor (send) for immediatety. 082练习题答案 一、介词和介词短语 I,【答集】A 【解新】这里用介词am09表示“车…中”与前面的through the Redwood Forests呼应。 2.【答案】C 【解析】根据包意，这里介词短语：in return表示“作为回报”。 找相信，只要 3.【答篆】D 有梦想，找就 【解析】切relation to“关于、相对某物而音”，符合包意。 会变得与众不 4.【答集】B 间，你也是。 【解析】根培包意可知，训short“总之，简音之”符合语境。 5.【答集】by 【解析】by在此意为“通过，借助”。 三、虚拟语气 I.【答襄】wou(dn't have been 【解析】根据句中的时间状语yesterday和副词otherwise判断，这里 表示与过去身实相反的假没，此时谓语用“cou(d/might/wou(d/shou(dthave done”形式。 2.【答集】would have been injured 【解析】根据I was wearing a seatbe(t.If I haven't been wearing one. 3.【答集】had told 【解析】包意为：你上个星期为什么不告诉找你的问题呢？如果你告 诉找了，我就能帮你了，根据句意及空后的cou(d have he(Ped判断，此处 表示与过去事实相反的假没，应用过去完成时。 4,【答集】去掉can或can改为should. 【解析】su99sts意为是汉时，其后的实语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动 词用shou(d+动词原形，可以省略should. 5.【答裹】had taken 【解新】句意：如果找们走了另一条路，找们就不会在交通堵墨中被 困这么久。此处是对过去情况的假没，所以从句谓语用had done形式。 6.【答裹】(should)be sent 【解析】句意：找坚持要求立刻找个医生来，通过分析句子结构可知， 这个句子包含一个要语从句，在表示是汉、要求、命令的动词后的要语 从园中，从句谓语形式要用“shou(d4动词原形”，shou(d可以省略，send for sb..请某人来（帮牡等），此处应用被动语态。 247