10选择性必修第一册 作业(十) UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT(Ⅱ)-2025年高一英语暑假作业（人教版）

作业(十)　UNIT 1　PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT(Ⅱ) Ⅰ.预习并熟记以下单词 1.found vt.创建；建立；把……建立在 2.infer vt.推断；推定 3.politician n.从政者；政治家；政客 4.numerous adj.众多的；许多的 5.theory n.理论；学说 6.relativity n.相对论；相对性 7.formula n.公式；方程式；配方 8.genius n.(pl. geniuses)天才；天资；天赋 9.gentle adj.温柔的；文静的 10.patent n.专利；专利证书；获得专利 adj.有专利的；受专利保护的 11.passion n.酷爱；激情 12.doctorate n.博士学位 13.extraordinary adj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的 14.gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地 15.photoelectric adj.光电的 16.institution n.社会公共机构；制度；习俗 17.institute n.(教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑 18.consequence n.结果；后果 19.moustache n.上唇的胡子；髭 20.peculiarity n.个性；特点；怪异的性质 21.encounter vt.偶然碰到；遇到 n.邂逅；遭遇 22.professor n.教授 23.mourn vt.&vi.哀悼；忧伤 24.remarkable adv.非凡的；显著的 25.device n.方法；技巧；装置；仪器 26.sum vi.总结；概括 n.金额；款项；总数；总和 27.draft n.草稿；草案 vt.起草；草拟 Ⅱ.典题展示 假定你是李华，你校英文广播站正在招募用英语讲中国故事的志愿者，请你用英语写一封自荐信。要点如下： 1.表达意愿； 2.自身优势(如擅长英语，熟悉中国传统文化等)； 3.希望得到回复。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [佳作品读] Dear Sir/Madame， I'm Li Hua.I saw a notice about recruiting volunteers for the “Telling Chinese stories in English” in the English column of the school newspaper.I plan to apply for this volunteer. I get along well with my classmates, and my English level is also very good.I was successfully selected as our English teacher's assistant(被动语态).I have achieved excellent results in many English competitions in the school and have been praised by teachers and students.Moreover, I am familiar with Chinese culture.I believe I can do this job and will never let you down. I would appreciate it if you could give me this opportunity(it作形式宾语).We look forward to your reply. Yours sincerely， Li Hua Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.He has been ________ power for ten years but still doesn't want to leave office. 2.The ceremony has been put off as a ________(consequent) of the bad weather. 3.The car is in __________ (remark) good condition for its age. 4.Your statement is too ________(generally).Could you be more specific about it? 5.While ________(wait) there，he saw two pretty girls come out of the building. 6.She took ________ writing as her career after graduation. 7.This is the total cost of your trip，taking everything ________. 8.Young people have made a great ________(contribute) to China's economic development. 9.As soon as he came ________ power，he had the rule abolished at once. 10.As time went by，she understood her mother ________ (gradual). Ⅱ.短语填空 due to；as a consequence；come to power；take up；sum up；put forward；pass away；in particular 1.When the new ruler________________，he made peace with all his former enemies. 2.Mr Smith left a career in teaching to________________ a position with the Arts Council. 3.The teacher asked us to________________the main point of the lesson in three sentences. 4.Unfortunately，________________ unforeseen circumstances，this year's show has been cancelled. 5.I missed the bus this morning and________________ I was late for the meeting. 6.He had to succeed to the business when his father________________ last year. 7.She loves the song________________，because her mother used to sing it when she was young. 8.The chairman________________ his plan，expecting that everyone would approve of it. Ⅲ.翻译句子 1.你能告诉我怎样去公园吗？(疑问词＋不定式) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2.过马路时，这只狗被车撞了。(状语从句的省略) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 3.据报道，三分之一的市民打算买车。(It＋is＋过去分词＋that) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 4.看这些云！看起来好像天要下雨了。(as if) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 5.在路上他赶上了大雨，结果他上班迟到了。(as a consequence) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2024·福建厦门高一期中)When Johannes Fritz, an Austrian biologist, was born 56 years ago, the northern bald ibis had disappeared completely from the wild and could only be found in zoos. But Mr Fritz has spent his working life reintroducing the birds into the wild, and an extremely important part has been teaching the young the migration (迁徙) path. When Mr Friz decided to lead the migration in a plane, he was laughed at. But in 2004, three years after some experiments, Mr Fritz flew an ultralight plane slowly enough for his winged students to catch up, and led the first group from Austria to Italy. He has since led 15 such migrations. Over that time, he has rewilded 277 young ibises, many of which then started to pass the path on to their own young. But the path he taught the ibises before is no longer workable. With climate change warming the lakes where the birds summer, they now delay (推迟) their migration to November, one month later than they did just a decade ago. And they are now reaching the Alps too late to make it over the peaks (山峰) because the rising warm air flows were too weak by November to allow the birds to fly over the mountains. Determined to save them, Mr Fritz decided he would teach the birds a new, safer migration path. The new path is about three times as long as their former 800 miles one directly south to Tuscany, Italy. Flying at a highest speed of 25 miles per hour, the trip is expected to take about six weeks, instead of the two to reach Tuscany. At Lake Constance this summer, humans and birds were practicing for their long journey. Soon, they'll fly to Andalusia in Spain, dealing with unpredictable weather along the way. But the risks are “necessary”， Mr Fritz said. “It's not so much a job，” he added, “but my life's purpose.” 1.What happened to the ibises when Mr Fritz was born? A.They had been trained to fly. B.They had been rewilded in Italy. C.They were migrating naturally. D.They were no longer seen in the wild. 2.Why do the ibises need to learn a new migration path? A.They have forgotten the old path. B.The path they took before is longer. C.The Alps is impassable for the delayed migration. D.The changing climate has warmed the mountains. 3.What can we know about the ibises' new migration path? A.It is higher than before. B.It takes about two weeks. C.It leads directly to Tuscany. D.It is about 2，400 miles long. 4.Which of the following can best describe Mr Fritz? A.Determined and creative. B.Responsible but emotional. C.Inspiring but inexperienced. D.Observant and outgoing. Ⅱ.完形填空 Ariel Cordova­Rojas rode her bike to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in Queens, New York, planning to go hiking and bird­watching.A mile into her walk, she __1__ a female mute swan near the water's edge.Cordova­Rojas, who had been __2__ at the Wild Bird Fund rehabilitation (康复) center in Manhattan, knew that mute swans can be aggressive (富于攻击性的).But as she__3__ this one, it didn't move. She was certain that the bird needed medical attention.Cordova­Rojas covered her jacket over the bird's head to keep it calm，__4__ picked it up, and held it in her arms.And then a thought __5__ her: What do I do now? Her best bet was the rehab center.__6__， that was across the East River on the other side of town.How was she going to __7__ a 17­pound swan on her bike all that way? Luckily, some strangers driving by __8__ her, her bike, and the swan a lift to a nearby subway station. On the subway, no one seemed particularly annoyed by the feathered passenger.They were busy with their own things.Cordova­Rojas called the rehab center on the way, and Tristan Higginbotham, an animal­care manager, picked her up at the subway station and drove bird, bike, and __9__ to the facility.There, staff members __10__ that the swan might have lead poisoning (铅中毒), caused by swallowing (吞下) weights used on fishing lines. The staff got the swan back up on her webbed feet.She even made a boyfriend at the center—another injured swan.Sadly, even with all that care, the swan__11__ a bacterial infection.Two months after Cordova­Rojas came to her rescue, she __12__. It's a__13__ ending, but the real story is just __14__ some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city—literally.“In all, Cordova­Rojas traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway，” says Higginbotham, “That's the perfect __15__ of who she is.” 1.A.struck B.caught C.spotted D.claimed 2.A.inspired B.employed C.restored D.cured 3.A.injured B.deserted C.fed D.approached 4.A.seriously B.critically C.gently D.delightedly 5.A.stuck to B.contributed to C.occurred to D.adjusted to 6.A.Moreover B.However C.Therefore D.Otherwise 7.A.transform B.transplant C.translate D.transport 8.A.offered B.showed C.made D.found 9.A.stranger B.driver C.manager D.rescuer 10.A.measured B.determined C.examined D.reassured 11.A.contacted B.avoided C.developed D.survived 12.A.flew away B.gave away C.turn away D.passed away 13.A.shocking B.disappointing C.thrilling D.puzzling 14.A.how much B.how far C.how long D.how well 15.A.summary B.combination C.concept D.philosophy 情感描写之“焦虑”“担忧”和“绝望” ★素材积累 形容词/副词 anxious, worried, worrying, helpless, hopeless, concerned, anxiously 名词 anxiety，worry，helplessness，concern，hopelessness 固定 短语 ①with anxiety 焦虑地 ②be concerned about 担忧 ③be worried about 担心 ④full of anxiety 焦虑不安 ⑤feelings of anxiety and concern焦虑而担忧的感觉 ★语段写作 第一步　完成句子 1.他们在山里迷了路，只好焦急地等待救援。 ____________________， they had nothing to do but ________________________.(副词) 2.随着夜色渐深，他们越来越担忧。 As the evening wore on, ________________________________________.(形容词) 3.树林开始起雾了，他们周围的一切都被黑暗吞噬，这无疑使他们更加无助和绝望。 (用环境描写烘托人物的绝望) →Fog began creeping into the forest.Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness, ____________________________________.(非限制性定语从句) →Fog began creeping into the forest.Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness, ______________________________.(分词短语作状语) 4.托尼无助地站在那里，皱着眉。 ____________________________， frowning.(副词，简单句) 5.玛丽既担心又害怕，几乎要哭了。 ________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________(介词短语，简单句) 第二步　将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 作业(十)　UNIT 1　PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT(Ⅱ) [能力提升] Ⅰ.1.in　2.consequence　3.remarkably　4.general 5.waiting　6.up　7.in　8.contribution　9.to　10.gradually Ⅱ.1.came to power　2.take up　3.sum up　4.due to　5.as a consequence　6.passed away　7.in particular 8.put forward Ⅲ.1.Could you please tell me how to get to the park? 2.When crossing the road，the dog was hit by a car. 3.It is reported that one third of citizens plan to buy a car. 4.Look at the clouds！It looks as if it is going to rain. 5.He was caught in a heavy rain.As a consequence，he was late for work. [知能演练] Ⅰ.[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了奥地利生物学家约翰内斯·弗里茨教导北方秃鹮重新迁徙的故事。 1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中“When Johannes Fritz, an Austrian biologist, was born 56 years ago, the northern bald ibis had disappeared completely from the wild and could only be found in zoos. (当奥地利生物学家约翰内斯·弗里茨56年前出生时，北方秃鹮已经从野外完全消失，只能在动物园里找到。)”可知，当弗里茨出生的时候，在野外已经看不到北方秃鹮了。故选D。 2.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中“With climate change warming the lakes where the birds summer, they now delay (推迟) their migration to November, one month later than they did just a decade ago. And they are now reaching the Alps too late to make it over the peaks (山峰) because the rising warm air flows were too weak by November to allow the birds to fly over the mountains.(随着气候变化使鸟类避暑的湖泊变暖，它们现在将迁徙推迟到11月，比十年前晚了一个月。它们现在到达阿尔卑斯山脉已经太晚了，无法飞越山峰，因为到11月，上升的暖空气流太弱，无法让鸟类飞越山峰。)”可知，气候变化延迟了鸟类的迁徙时间，它们现在到达阿尔卑斯山脉已经太晚了，因此无法飞越阿尔卑斯山脉。由此推知，阿尔卑斯山对延迟迁徙来说是无法通行的。故选C。 3.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The new path is about three times as long as their former 800 miles one directly south to Tuscany, Italy. Flying at a highest speed of 25 miles per hour, the trip is expected to take about six weeks, instead of the two to reach Tuscany.(新路径是以前直接通往意大利托斯卡纳地区的800英里路径的3倍长。以每小时25英里的最高速度飞行，预计整个旅程将需要大约六个星期，而不是到达托斯卡纳只需两个星期。)”可知，新路线是以前直接通往意大利托斯卡纳地区的800英里路径的3倍长，即它大约有2400英里长。故选D。 4.A　推理判断题。根据第二段中“When Mr Friz decided to lead the migration in a plane, he was laughed at. But in 2004, three years after some experiments, Mr Fritz flew an ultralight plane slowly enough for his winged students to catch up, and led the first group from Austria to Italy. (当弗里茨决定乘坐飞机带领鸟类迁徙时，他遭到了嘲笑。但在2004年，在进行了一些实验三年后，弗里茨驾驶一架超轻型飞机的速度慢到足以让他有翅膀的学生赶上，并带领第一批鸟从奥地利飞往意大利。)”以及倒数第二段中“Determined to save them, Mr Fritz decided he would teach the birds a new, safer migration path. (为了拯救它们，弗里茨决定教它们一条新的、更安全的迁徙路线。)”可知，当弗里茨决定乘坐飞机带领鸟类迁徙时，他遭到了嘲笑，但是他依旧坚定信念，坚持实验，最终成功地拯救了鸟儿，由此体现出他是意志坚定的人；同时弗里茨决心拯救这些稀有鸟类时，他想出了一个新的更安全的迁徙路线，由此体现出他有创造力。由此推知，弗里茨是一个有坚定意志和有创造力的人。故选A。 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位名为Ariel Cordova­Rojas女士不辞辛劳地救助一只受伤的天鹅的故事。 1.C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：走了一英里后，她在水边发现了一只雌疣鼻天鹅。A.struck打，撞；B.caught抓住；C.spotted 看见，注意到；D.claimed声称；宣称。根据下文“But as she__3__this one, it didn't move.”可知，作者发现了一只天鹅。故选C。 2.B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：科尔多瓦·罗哈斯曾在曼哈顿的野鸟基金会康复中心工作，她知道雌疣鼻天鹅可能很有攻击性。A.inspired激励；B.employed雇佣；C.restored修复；D.cured治愈。根据下文“at the Wild Bird Fund rehabilitation center in Manhattan”可知，Ariel Cordova­Rojas知道雌疣鼻天鹅可能很有攻击性是因为她曾在曼哈顿的野鸟基金会康复中心工作。故选B。 3.D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当她接近这只天鹅时，它没有动。A.injured受伤；B.deserted舍弃；C.fed喂养；D.approached接近。根据下文“it didn't move”可知，科尔多瓦·罗哈斯靠近天鹅时，它并没有动。故选D。 4.C　考查副词词义辨析。句意：科尔多瓦·罗哈斯用她的外套盖住小鸟的头，让它安静下来，然后轻轻地把它抱起来。A.seriously严重地，恶劣地；B.critically批判性地；C.gently温柔地；D.delightedly高兴地，欣喜地。根据上文“Cordova­Rojas covered her jacket over the bird's head to keep it calm”可知，科尔多瓦·罗哈斯让他保持安静，故是轻轻地把它抱起来。故选C。 5.C　考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后她突然想到：我现在该怎么办？A.stuck to坚持；B.contributed to导致；C.occurred to想到；D.adjusted to适应。根据下文“What do I do now？”可知，科尔多瓦·罗哈斯突然想到现在该怎么办，sth occurred to sb“某人突然想到某事”为固定句式。故选C。 6.B　考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过，那是在东河对岸，在城镇的另一边。A.Moreover而且；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否则。根据上文“Her best bet was the rehab center”可知，设空处前后为转折关系。故选B。 7.D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：她怎么能把一只17磅重的天鹅用自行车运送这么远？ A.transform使改观，使变形；B.transplant 移植；C.translate翻译；D.transport运输。根据下文“on her bike”可知，是用自行车运送天鹅。故选D。 8.A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一些开车的陌生人让她、她的自行车和天鹅搭便车到附近的地铁站。A.offered提供；B.showed展示；C.made制作；D.found发现。根据上文“Luckily”和下文“a lift to a nearby subway station”可知，一些开车的陌生人提供便车到附近的地铁站。故选A。 9.D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：科尔多瓦·罗哈斯在路上给康复中心打了电话，动物护理经理特里斯坦·希金波坦(Tristan Higginbotham)在地铁站接她，开车带着小鸟、自行车和救援者去了康复中心。A.stranger陌生人；B.driver司机；C.manager经理；D.rescuer救助者。根据上文“her, her bike, and the swan a lift to a nearby subway station”可知，动物护理经理开车带着小鸟、自行车和科尔多瓦·罗哈斯去了康复中心，科尔多瓦·罗哈斯就是救这只天鹅的人。故选D。 10.B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，工作人员确定这只天鹅可能是铅中毒，因为它吞下了钓鱼线上的重物。A.measured测量；B.determined查明，确定；C.examined检查；D.reassured使安心。根据下文“the swan might have lead poisoning, caused by swallowing weights used on fishing lines”可知，因为它吞下了钓鱼线上的重物，所以工作人员确定这只天鹅可能是铅中毒。故选B。 11.C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，即使付出了所有的照顾，天鹅还是患上了细菌感染。A.contacted联系；B.avoided避免；C.developed发展，患病；D.survived幸存。根据下文“Two months after Cordova­Rojas came to her rescue, she__12__.”可知，天鹅患上了细菌感染，病情加重。故选C。 12.D　考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在科尔多瓦·罗哈斯救了她两个月后，她去世了。A.flew away飞走；B.gave away泄露；C.turn away拒绝接纳或接受；D.passed away去世。根据上文“Sadly, even with all that care, the swan__11__a bacterial infection.”可知，天鹅患上了细菌感染，病情加重离世。故选D。 13.B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个令人失望的结局，但真正的故事是一些人为了拯救大城市里的一只天鹅愿意走多远。A.shocking令人震惊的；B.disappointing令人失望的；C.thrilling令人激动的；D.puzzling令人迷惑的。根据上文“Two months after Cordova­Rojas came to her rescue, she__12__.”可知，天鹅离世，这是一个令人失望的结局。故选B。 14.B　考查副词短语词义辨析。句意：这是一个令人失望的结局，但真正的故事是一些人为了拯救大城市里的一只天鹅愿意走多远。A.how much多少；B.how far 多远；C.how long多长；D.how well多好。根据下文“In all, Cordova­Rojas traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway”可知，这里是指为了拯救大城市里的一只天鹅愿意走多远的距离。故选B。 15.A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是对她的完美概括。A.summary概括，总结；B.combination结合，联合；C.concept概念；D.philosophy哲学。根据上文“but the real story is just__14__some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city—literally.‘In all, Cordova­Rojas traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway，’ says Higginbotham”可知，科尔多瓦·罗哈斯步行、开车和乘地铁走了两个小时，不辞辛劳地救助一只受伤的天鹅是对她的完美概括。故选A。 [续写提能] 语段写作——第一步 1.Lost in the mountain　wait for rescue anxiously 2.they grew increasingly/more and more worried 3.which undoubtedly left them even more helpless　undoubtedly leaving them even more helpless 4.Tony stood there helplessly 5.Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear. 第二步 Lost in the mountain, they had nothing to do but wait for rescue anxiously.As the evening wore on, they grew increasingly/more and more worried.Worse still/Even worse, fog began creeping into the forest.Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness, undoubtedly leaving them even more helpless.Tony stood there helplessly, frowning.Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$