2必修第二册 作业(二) UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS-2025年高一英语暑假作业（人教版）

作业(二)　UNIT 4　HISTORY AND TRADITIONS Ⅰ.标记熟悉单词，回查陌生单词 □mansion　　 □cemetery □philosophy □descendant □individual □kingdom □chief □puzzle □nearby □belong □currency military □defence legal □surround evidence □achievement □location □conquer battle □port □fascinating □charge □announce □amount □gallery □approach □ensure □landscape □generous □butter □honey □ancestor □position □courtyard □snack □eager □poet □county □feast □roll □dot □cattle □roar □ocean □scent □greet □pub □wine □beer □stew □custom □sensory □striking □transition □crowd Ⅱ.典题展示 假设你是某国际学校学生李华，你的美国朋友John来信说暑假要到中国旅游。请给John写封回信，内容包括： 1.表示欢迎； 2.推荐旅游地点及理由。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。 Dear John， ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua [佳作品读] Dear_John， I'm thrilled to hear that you're coming to China for your summer vacation! I'd like to extend a warm welcome to you. I would highly recommend visiting the Great Wall. It's an architectural marvel and a symbol of our country's ancient history. The breathtaking views and the sense of accomplishment you'll feel after scaling it are truly unforgettable. Another must­see destination is the Forbidden City, which showcases the glory of Chinese imperial architecture. If you're a fan of nature and hiking, you should definitely check out Zhangjiajie. Its stunning sandstone pillars and beautiful landscapes are simply fascinating. I hope you have a good time in China, and I can't wait to show you around when you get here! Yours， Li_Hua Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.My name ________________ (announce) as the winner in the writing contest, and I was invited to attend the award presentation. 2.(2024·沈阳质量监测)When we finally arrived, we sat in a ________(crowd) waiting room. 3.Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes_________ (locate) just a 10­minute walk from the central city station. 4.Knowing some tips will help ________(sure)that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world. 5.The ________ (roll) sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we humans are. 6.A ________ smile flashed across her face because she was ________ about a ________ problem.(puzzle) 7.First ________ (announce)in April，2016，the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml，was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity. 8.It is thought that girls should be trained to defend themselves ________ some attacks. 9.My uncle is so generous ________ his money that he is popular with his friends. 10.It's believed that it is difficult to break away ________ the habit of smoking. Ⅱ.短语填空 join...to...；as well as；keep one's eyes open for；in charge；the number of；the amount of 1.The island ________________ the mainland by a bridge. 2.You should ________________________ your mistakes in this exam and avoid them in the next exam. 3.They visited some factories，hospitals ________________ the school. 4.Even if we start reducing ________________ carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. 5.Only by increasing ________________ doctors by 50 percent can the patients be treated. 6.The doctor ________________ told us that our father was recovering from his illness day by day. Ⅲ.完成句子/句式转换/一句多译 1.人们说温哥华是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环抱。 People say Vancouver is Canada's most beautiful city，__________________________________. 2.借此机会，我向您和您的家人致以最美好的祝愿和节日的问候。 I wish to take this opportunity to ________________________________________________ you and your family members. 3.他脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容，告诉我他为我的精彩表现感到骄傲。 ______________________________________，he told me that he was proud of my wonderful performance. 4.The authority announced that the new library which is under construction would be opened to the public next year. →________________________ the new library which is under construction would be opened to the public next year.(主语从句) 5.去年一大笔钱花费在学校建设上。(spend) (1)A large amount of money ______________ on the construction of the school last year. (2)Large amounts of money ______________ on the construction of the school last year. Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2024·广西河池高一期中)Labor Day in America began more than 100 years ago to honor low­paid factory workers. Labor Day also informally marks the end of summer. Many students return to school after Labor Day. The hot days of summer turn cooler. Many Americans celebrate the holiday with an outdoor family picnic. But Labor Day started with a struggle. On May 1, 1889, workers demonstrated on the streets of Paris, France. International Labor Day was born. Most industrialized countries in the world—except the United States and Canada—celebrate Labor Day on the first of May. On September 5, 1882, in New York City. About 10，000 workers walked through the streets to show the strength of organized labor. For many years after that, American workers used the first Monday in September to ask for better working conditions and pay. Music was a part of many of those marches. Labor songs traditionally tell stories of conflict (冲突) and hopes for a better life. Many traditional American labor songs came from workers in the coal mines of the South. Mine owners were bitterly against workers' unions (工会). In Kentucky, company police searched for union leaders. They waited outside a worker's home for several days to stop him from organizing. The coal miner's wife, Florence Reece, stayed inside with her children. She wrote this song, “Which Side Are You On？” Another American labor song is called “Bread and Roses”. It is based on a poem by James Oppenheim, published in December of 1911. The poem speaks about the women's labor movement. At that time, conditions in factories, where many women worked, were horrible. A fire at a clothing factory in New York killed 146 people. A month after Oppenheim's poem was published, textile workers in Lawrence, Massachusetts went on strike, which won them higher pay and better working conditions. Oppenheim's poem gained more attention. 1.What does Labor Day mean to students in the United States? A.It's a time to eat in the wild. B.Their summer vacation is over. C.It teaches them to respect labor. D.They learn much about history. 2.What does the underlined word “demonstrated” mean in paragraph 3? A.Fought.　　　 B.United. C.Marched. D.Quarreled. 3.Why did the company police wait outside a worker's home? A.To force him to stay at home. B.To prevent his wife writing the song. C.To try to communicate with him. D.To stop marches being organized. 4.What do we know about Oppenheim? A.He cared for working women's rights. B.He created the song “Bread and Roses”. C.He reported the fire at a clothing factory. D.He led the labor movement in Lawrence. Ⅱ.七选五 Tips on How to Study Smarter Having good study skills is always helpful.And it's more important in the present situation, where online classes are growing.Students are likely to learn without a teacher or parent watching over.So you will have to manage your time and study more on your own.__1__ ◆Practice, practice, practice! Musicians practice their instruments.Athletes practice sports skills.__2__ If you want to be able to remember information, the best thing you can do is practice.In one study, students took practice tests over several weeks.On the final test, they scored better than those who studied in the normal way. ◆Test yourself.Before big tests, you may often cover up the notes, and then try to recall them.This practice can help nearly everyone.You can put questions down on one side of the paper and the answers on the other side.Try to test yourself in the way the teacher asks questions.__3__ They don't just ask shallow questions. ◆Learn from mistakes.A secret of science: Mistakes help understanding.If you don't find out what the answer is, you're wasting your time.Checking the answers can make your study time more efficient.Check to see if you are right.__4__ In fact, mistakes are actually a primary key to learning. ◆__5__ Students know some good study skills, yet many of you don't actually do these things.Often you fail to plan ahead.So do make plans.And try to stick to a routine, too.For example, you can have a set time and place where you do schoolwork and study.And get enough sleep—not just the night before the test but for weeks or months on end. A.You can add more skills. B.Teachers often dig deeper. C.Friends can test each other. D.Make a plan and stick to it. E.The same should go for learning. F.You can then focus on what you get wrong. G.Here are some tips to develop good study skills. 情感描写之“激动”和“兴奋” ★素材积累 形容词/副词/名词 excited，thrilled，exciting，thrilling，excitedly，excitement，thrill，joy 短语 ①to one's excitement/thrill令某人激动的是 ②flush with excitement激动得满脸通红 ③contain one's excitement抑制内心的激动 ④with/in excitement激动地 ⑤feel one's heart beating wildly感到自己的心在狂跳 ⑥be wild with joy欣喜若狂 ★语段写作 第一步　完成句子 1.在去往湖边的途中，妈妈兴奋得不能自已。 On the journey to the lake, ______________________________.(表示激动的名词作主语) 2.妈妈坚决要求我们在下一个村庄露营，她的眼中闪着兴奋的光芒。 (1)Mom insisted that we go camping in the next village, and ________________________.(动词＋介词短语) (2)Mom insisted that we go camping in the next village，_______________________.(独立主格结构) 3.一到露营地，妈妈就迫不及待地冲了出去，兴奋地催促我们搭帐篷。 When we arrived at the camping place, __________________________________.(动作描写＋副词) 4.妈妈朝湖边走去，然后传来一阵兴奋的尖叫声。 Mom walked towards the lake, and ____________________________________________.(名词短语作主语＋倒装句) 5.欣赏着美景，妈妈难以抑制她的兴奋。 Enjoying the beautiful view, ________________________________________.(名词) 6.因为这是第一次帮爸爸在户外做饭，我和哥哥也感到很兴奋。 As it was the first time that we had helped father cook food outdoors, ________________________________________.(形容词) 7.呼吸着新鲜的空气、闻着饭菜的香味，我们兴奋地上蹦下跳。 Breathing the fresh air and smelling the delicious food, ________________________________________________.(动作＋介词短语) 第二步　将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 作业(二)　UNIT 4　HISTORY AND TRADITIONS [能力提升] Ⅰ.1.was announced　2.crowded　3.is located 4.ensure　5.rolling　6.puzzled　puzzled　puzzling 7.announced　8.against　9.with　10.from Ⅱ.1.is joined to　2.keep your eyes open for 3.as well as　4.the amount of　5.the number of 6.in charge Ⅲ.1.surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean 2.send my best wishes and festival greetings to 3.With a broad smile spreading on his face 4.It was announced that 5.(1)was spent　(2)were spent [知能演练] Ⅰ.[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了劳动节在美国的历史。这个全国性的节日始于100多年前，是为了纪念低收入的工厂工人。 1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Labor Day also informally marks the end of summer. Many students return to school after Labor Day.(劳动节也非正式地标志着夏天的结束。许多学生在劳动节后返校。)”可知，许多学生在夏末时的劳动节后返回学校，即劳动节的到来意味着学生们的暑假要结束了。故选B。 2.C　词义猜测题。根据第三段中“But Labor Day started with a struggle. On May 1, 1889, workers demonstrated on the streets of Paris, France. International Labor Day was born.(但劳动节始于一场斗争。在1889年5月1日，工人们在法国巴黎的街道上demonstrated。国际劳动节就此诞生。)”可知，这里介绍劳动节的诞生由来，工人们通过一种行为来斗争，来获取正当权益，联系下一段“On September 5, 1882, in New York City. About 10，000 workers walked through the streets to show the strength of organized labor. For many years after that, American workers used the first Monday in September to ask for better working conditions and pay. Music was a part of many of those marches.(在1882年9月5日的纽约城里。约10 000名工人走过大街来展示工会的力量。在那之后的多年里，美国工人都在九月的第一个星期天要求更好的工作条件和薪资。音乐也是那些游行中的一部分。)”的描述，显然工人们是通过上街游行的方式来表达诉求，画线词与marched是同义词。故选C。 3.D　细节理解题。根据第五段中“In Kentucky, company police searched for union leaders. They waited outside a worker's home for several days to stop him from organizing.(在肯塔基，雇佣警察会寻找工会领导。他们在工人的家门外等了好几天，以阻止他去组织游行。)”可知，公司雇用的警察在工人的家门口等待，是为了阻止他组织游行，与D选项描述相符。故选D。 4.A　推理判断题。根据第七、八段的“The poem speaks about the women's labor movement. At that time, conditions in factories, where many women worked, were horrible. A fire at a clothing factory in New York killed 146 people.(这首诗歌讲述了女性劳工的运动。在那时，有许多女性在其中工作的工厂情况都很糟糕。一家纽约的服装厂发生大火，146人丧生。)”和“A month after Oppenheim's poem was published, textile workers in Lawrence, Massachusetts went on strike, which won them higher pay and better working conditions. Oppenheim's poem gained more attention.(Oppenheim的诗歌出版一个月后，马萨诸塞州劳伦斯市的纺织工人举行罢工，这为他们赢得了更高的工资和更好的工作条件。Oppenheim的诗也获得了更多的关注。)”可知，这首名为“面包和玫瑰”的美国劳工歌曲是根据Oppenheim 1911年12月发表的一首诗改编的，主要讲的是妇女的劳工运动，许多女性劳工在其鼓舞下，勇敢地奋起抗争以争取正当权益，这反映出Oppenheim是关心劳动妇女权利的。故选A。 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何更聪明地学习的一些技巧。 1.G　上文“Having good study skills is always helpful.(拥有良好的学习技能总是有帮助的。)”说明良好的学习技能的重要性，G项“这里有一些培养良好学习技能的技巧。”承接上文，引出下面段落，符合题意。故选G。 2.E　上文“Musicians practice their instruments.Athletes practice sports skills.(音乐家们练习他们的乐器。运动员练习运动技能。)”说明练习的重要性，以及下文“If you want to be able to remember information, the best thing you can do is practice.(如果你想记住信息，最好的办法就是练习。)”说明学习中也要进行练习，E项“学习也应该如此。”承上启下，符合题意。故选E。 3.B　下文“They don't just ask shallow questions.(他们不只是问肤浅的问题。)”说明老师们会提问有深度的问题，句中They指代teachers，B项“老师们经常更深入地挖掘。”承接上文，符合题意。故选B。 4.F　下文“In fact, mistakes are actually a primary key to learning.(事实上，错误实际上是学习的关键。)”说明关注自己的错误是学习的关键，F项“然后你可以专注于你做错了什么。”说明专注于自己的错误，符合题意。故选F。 5.D　下文“So do make plans.And try to stick to a routine, too.(所以一定要制定计划。也要坚持常规行为。)”说明一定要制定计划并坚持，D项“制定一个计划并坚持下去。”可以作为本段标题句。故选D。 [续写提能] 语段写作——第一步 1.a wide excitement took hold of Mom 2.(1)her eyes glittered/twinkled with excitement (2)her eyes glittering/twinkling with excitement 3.Mom couldn't wait to rush out and excitedly urged us to put up the tent 4.then came an excited scream/a scream of excitement 5.Mom could hardly contain her excitement 6.my brother and I also felt thrilled 7.we jumped up and down with excitement 第二步 On the journey to the lake, a wide excitement took hold of Mom.Mom insisted that we go camping in the next village, her eyes glittering/twinkling with excitement.When we arrived at the camping place, Mom couldn't wait to rush out and excitedly urged us to put up the tent.Then, Mom walked towards the lake, and then came an excited scream/a scream of excitement.Enjoying the beautiful view, Mom could hardly contain her excitement.Certainly, as it was the first time that we had helped father cook food outdoors, my brother and I also felt thrilled.Breathing the fresh air and smelling the delicious food, we jumped up and down with excitement. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$