专题04 宾语从句&状语从句讲练-【八升九】2025年新九年级英语暑期衔接讲义（人教版）

专题04 宾语从句&状语从句讲练 ( 语法解析 ) 一．宾语从句 宾语从句为中考的必考点，主要在单项选择题中考查，侧重考查其引导词、语序、时态的应用。一般至少会涉及两个考查点。 ①引导词相同，语序和时态不同； ②时态一致，语序和引导词不同。而且通常都会在一些固定的句型中涉及，如I wonder...，Would/Could you please tell me....，Can you tell me...，Do you know...， I don’t know...等等。 考生在做此类试题时，首先从语序着手，宾语从句的语序应该为陈述句语序， 即：主语+谓语+宾语+其他；再从时态考虑，一般情况下，宾语从句的时态要和主句的时态保持一致，但是，如果有明显的时间状语，要以时间状语来判断时态；最后，再根据答语来判断疑问词。 1.宾语从句概述 置于动词、介词等后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序。 时 态 主句为一般现在时态时,从句的时态可以根据实际情况而定 I remember he gave me a book yesterday. 我记得他昨天给了我一本书。 He says that he will leave for New York tomorrow. 他说明天他将动身去纽约。 主句为一般过去时态时,从句应用相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时) He told me that he would take part in the high jump. 他告诉我他将会参加跳高比赛。 He asked me if I had taken his soap. 他问我是否拿了他的肥皂。 当从句内容为客观事实或真理时,从句要用一般现在时 He told me that the earth goes around the sun.(真理) 他告诉我地球绕着太阳转。 语 序 宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序。把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句时,要特别注意从句的语序,即按照主语、谓语的顺序 What’s Kate’s e-mail address?Do you know? →Do you know what Kate’s e-mail address is? 你知道凯特的电子邮件地址吗? 引 导 词 (1)当宾语从句是由陈述句转化而来时,用that引导 “She is a good girl,”the teacher told us. →The teacher told us(that)she was a good girl. 老师告诉我们她是一个好女孩。 (2)当宾语从句是由一般疑问句转化而来时,宾语从句用whether或if连接,句尾的标点符号取决于主句 “Are you from Japan?”he asked me. =He asked me if/whether I was from Japan. 他问我是不是来自日本。 “Do you like watching TV?”he asked me. =He asked me if/whether I liked watching TV. 他问我是否喜欢看电视。 (3)当宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来时,连接词就用原来的特殊疑问词,但从句一定要注意用陈述句语序 When did he leave for Japan? Could you tell me? =Could you tell me when he left for Japan? 你能告诉我他什么时候去的日本吗? 2.注意点 (1)否定转移 当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时,要将宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定形式,而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。 I don’t think he will come with you.我认为他不会和你一起来。 (2)宾语从句的简化 ①当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时,从句可简化为不定式结构。 I hope that I can receive your e-mail.=I hope to receive your e-mail.我希望能收到你的电子邮件。 ②当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn等时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 She doesn’t know what she should do next.=She doesn’t know what to do next.她不知道下一步该做什么。 ③当主句的谓语动词是ask,tell,show,teach等,且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 Will you please show me how I can work it out?=Will you please show me how to work it out?请你告诉我怎样把它解出来好吗? ④宾语从句可以简化为名词或名词短语。 I don’t believe what Tom said.=I don’t believe Tom’s words.我不相信汤姆的话。 3.宾语从句解题技巧 1.牢记宾语从句考点的记忆口诀: 宾语从句需注意,几点事项应牢记。 一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。 二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态应变相应过; 从句若为真理时,永用一般现在时。 三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。 2.用好排除法 从时态、语序、引导词三个方面综合考虑,逐个排查选项。 ( 随堂训练 ) 一．单项选择 1．Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me ________？ A．where is the bank nearest B．where is the nearest bank C．where the nearest bank is D．where was the bank nearest 【答案】C 【解析】句意：-打扰一下，先生，你能告诉我最近的银行在哪里吗？where is the bank nearest形式错误，nearest是形容词最高级，应该放在名词前面，而且这个宾语从句中应使用陈述语序；where is the nearest bank是疑问语序，在宾语从句中应使用陈述语序；where the nearest bank is是where引导的宾语从句，从句中使用的是陈述语序，故应选C。 2．Mike was not listening carefully, so he failed to hear . A．what the teacher said B．how the teacher said C．what did the teacher say D．how did the teacher say 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查：宾语从句。选项分析：what the teacher said是宾语从句，做hear的宾语，须用陈述语序。综合分析前后句， 可知此处填what the teacher said最合适，完整句意为：Mike was not listening carefully, so he failed to hear what the teacher said .迈克没有认真听讲，所以他没能听到老师在说什么。正确答案为：A 3． —Can I join you? —Sure , we are discussing ______. A．why we like the movie B．who should we go with C．how can we get there D．when shall we go for a picnic 【答案】A 【解析】句意：-----我能加入你们吗？-----当然，我们正在讨论我们为什么喜欢这部电影。考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，B、C和D是疑问句语序，可知排除；A是陈述句语序；故选A。 4．This book will show you ________ from books is put into practical use. A．how you’ve learned B．how what you’ve learned C．how that you’ve learned D．that you’ve learned 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这本书将向你展示你从书本中学到的东西是如何被实际使用的。根据句意可知，此句的句型,是 …… how （something） be done.根据what 引导的名词短句是后面从句的主语!可知，此空故填how what you’ve learned故选B。 5．—Mum, summer holiday is coming. I wonder . —How about Qinling Wild Zoo？ A．where can we go B．where we can go C．how we can go D．how we can go 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：句意：——妈妈，暑假就要来了。我想知道我们可以去哪。——秦岭野生动物园怎么样？根据How about Qinling Wild Zoo？可知要去某地玩，故排除CD两项。位于动词wonder后作宾语从句的次序为：疑问词+主语+谓语。故选B。 6．---Soldier, I don't care _____. In this army, there's only one hairstyle—short! Understand? ---Yes, sir! A．what you are used to liking B．what are you used to liking C．what did you use to be like D．what you used to be like 【答案】D 【解析】句意“-士兵，我不在意你们以前是什么样子的，在军队里，仅仅有一种发型—短发，明白吗？-理解”。本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除B和C；used to do过去常常做某事，be used to doing习惯于做某事。根据句意可知，译为“过去是什么样子的”，故选D。 7．-Dad, do you know ___________ return from Beijing? I miss her very much. -Maybe next Sunday A．how will Mum B．when will Mum. C．how Mum will D．when Mum will 【答案】D 【解析】句意：爸爸，你知道妈妈什么时候从北京回来吗？我非常想她。也许下星期天吧。本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序：无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序。首先从语序上判断，选项A B是疑问语序被排除。how怎么样；when什么时候。依据答语Maybe next Sunday也许下个星期天吧可知，故选D。 8．——Do you know for vacation?——Next month. A．when Mr. Cooper will leave B．when Mr. Cooper left C．when will Mr. Cooper leave D．when did Mr. Cooper leave 【答案】A 【解析】试题分析：句意：---你知道Mr Cooper什么时候去度假吗？---下个月。此题考查宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。根据句意及时间状语，应用一般将来时，故选A。 考点：考查宾语从句。 9．—Could you please tell me ? —Oh, I’ll go there to attend a party. A．when you’ll go to Beijing B．how you’ll go to Beijing C．why you’ll go to Beijing D．whether you’ll go to Beijing 【答案】C 【解析】句意：----你能告诉我你为什么要去北京吗？----哦，我要去那里参加一个聚会。A. when you’ll go to Beijing你什么时候去北京；B. how you’ll go to Beijing你怎么去北京；C. why you’ll go to Beijing你为什么要去北京；D. whether you’ll go to Beijing你是否要去北京。根据下文回答“我要去那里参加一个聚会”可知问句是“你为什么要去北京”，选C。 10．Some people are interested in _______women’s sense of smell is better developed than _____of men. A．which; that B．what; one C．which; one D．whether; that 【答案】D 【解析】句意：有些人对妇女的嗅觉是否比男人的更好感兴趣。be interested in后面的接的宾语从句，结合句意，表示是否，故用whether引导。第二空代指sense of smell不可数名词，故用代词that。故选D。 点睛：one代指前面出现的可数名词单数，that代指前面出现的不可数名词，it代指前面出现的具体事物。第二空代指sense of smell不可数名词，故用代词that。故选D。 2． 状语从句 状语从句由从属连词引导,与主句连接,位于句首时,常用逗号与主句分开,位于句末时,其前一般不用逗号。状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、地点状语从句等。 时间状语从句 1.表示“一···就···”的句型 as soon as As soon as he arrives, I'll call you.他一到，我就给你打电话。【主将从现】 As soon as I saw you, I liked you.=I liked you as soon as I saw you .一见到你,我就喜欢上了你。 2. when, while, as引导时间状语从句 （1）when的用法 when既可指时间点，也可指时间段（即：从句动词可以是短暂的也可是延续的）；主从句动作可同时也可先后发生。 I was thin when I was a child. 当我是个孩子的时候,我很瘦。 It was raining when I arrived.我到达时，天正在下雨。 When I saw you at my age of five, I liked you.五岁时见到你,就喜欢上了你。 He does miss you when you are not here.你不在的时候他非常想念你 （2）while用法 while只能指一段时间，从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。强调某一段时间内发生主句动作，相当于during the time that.... My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.当我在做作业时，妈妈在做饭。 I am safe while I am here.我在这儿的时候，我很安全。 注意 while除引导时间状语从句外，还引导对比句，作“然而”讲； I like watching TV, while he likes reading.我喜欢看电视，而他喜欢读书。 （3）as的用法 ① as引导时间状语从句时常可和when换用，但较强调同时发生，多指短暂动作。 As I left the house, I forgot the key.我离家时，忘了带钥匙。 ② as还可说明两种正在发展或变化的情况，“随着...”的意思，表时间的推移。如： As I get older, I get more optimistic.随着年龄的增长，我变得更加乐观。 （4）. until和till “延续性动词肯定式+until”表示“动作延续到…为止，”译为“直到…为止”，如： I waited for him until he came back. 我一直等到他回来。 “终止性动词的否定式+ until”表示“直到···才”。 He didn't go to bed until he had finished his work. 直到完成工作他才睡觉。 Donald will remain in college until/till he finished his PhD course.= Donald won’t leave college until he finished his PhD course. I didn’t like you until I saw you. 直到见到你，我就喜欢上你。 用于强调句式“It is not until ...that ...” It was not until the professor came that we began the experiment.在教授到来之后，我们才开始实验。 not until放在句首时，主句倒装。 Not until he graduated did he succeed in obtaining this compound. 直到他毕业他才成功获得这种化合物。 注意 句首和强调句中要用until，而不用till；not...until...句型中不用till。 条件状语从句 1.由if, unless，as long as, 如果我有时间，我就告诉你。 I will tell you if I have time. I won't tell you unless I have time. I will tell you as long as I have time . 2.条件状语从句中一般要用一般现在时态表将来。【主将从现】 (1)主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。 I’ll visit the Great Wall if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.如果明天不下雨,我将去游览长城。 (2)如果if引导的条件状语从句所表示的前提或条件将来可以实现或正在进行,从句要用现在完成时或现在进行时,主句通常用一般将来时。 We will give you a good price if you are thinking of buying it.如果你考虑买它,我们会给你一个好价钱。 (3)“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”中,祈使句在意义上相当于一个条件状语从句。 Use your head,and you’ll find a way.=If you use your head,you’ll find a way.动动脑筋,你就会想出办法来。 原因状语从句 原因状语从句由because, as , since, 等引导。 1. because用来回答why提出的问题，表直接的因果关系，用于告知对方不知道的原因，语气最强，可用于强调句。 他没参加会议，因为他病了。 He didn't attend the meeting because he was ill. 注意 because和because of的区别：because是连词，引导从句，because of是短语介词，后接名词性词语，如： The football match was put off because it rained. The football match was put off because of the rain.因为下雨，足球赛延期了。 2. for也可以表示原因，属并列连词，不是说明直接原因，而是对某种情况加以推断，表示补充说明理由。而推断的理由会因人而异。语气很弱，它引出的分句必须放在另一分句后。 He must be ill, for he is absent today. 让步状语从句 由though, although, even if/though 等引导。 1. though, although这两个连词用法基本一样，只是前者口语化，后者较正式，常位于句首，都不与 连用，但可以和yet，still，nevertheless连用。though还可作副词单独放在句尾，表示“然而”的意思。 他很累，但是他依然坚持努力工作。 He is tired, but he still keeps on working hard. =Although/though he is tired, he (still) keeps on working hard. Though /Although he was worn out, he kept on working. 2. even if（尽管；即使）, even though（尽管） 这两个复合连词意义基本相同，常用以强调让步概念，有退一步想的意思（有时用于虚拟）。表“即使”时有假设含义，一般用even if。 We'll make trip even if(though) the weather is bad. Even if I were in your place, I wouldn't take the job.（虚拟） 目的状语从句 (1)引导目的状语从句的词或词组有so that,in order that 等,从句谓语中常含有may,might,can,could,will,would 等情态动词。 He must get up early so that he can go to work on time.他必须早点起床,以便能按时上班。 (2)当从句主语与主句主语一致时,可用so as to,in order to。 He worked day and night in order that he could succeed. =He worked day and night in order to succeed.他夜以继日地工作为的是取得成功。 结果状语从句 1.常用的连词有so that，so ... that, too...to...,such...that, that（带古英语痕迹）。 （结果状语从句中一般无情态动词） He had overslept so that he was late for work. My pen fell under my desk that I couldn't see it. 2. so/such ...that所用句式 ①so + adj（adv) + that从句 The box is so heavy that I can't carry it. ②so+adj +a/an+单名+ that从句＝such a/an+adj.+单名+that从句 She is so beautiful a girl that all the boys of our class like her. =She is such a beautiful girl that all the boys of our class like her. (2)so...that句型的否定形式可用too...to...或not...enough to结构代替。 He is so young that he can’t go to school.=He is too young to go to school.=He is not old enough to go to school.他太小了不能去上学。 状语从句的省略现象 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同或为it, 同时从句谓语含be动词，就可省去从句的主语和be动词。 ①时间状语从句中： Don’t speak until (you are) spoken to. While (I was) in Beijing, I lived with my uncle. I want to go swimming when (it is) possible. ②条件状语从句中： Come tomorrow if (it is) possible. If (it is) so, you would be punished. Unless (it is) repaired, the TV set is of no use. ③方式状语从句中： She stood at the gate as if (she was) waiting for someone. ④其他状语从句中： Though (it was) cold, he still wore a shirt. Fill in the blanks with proper words where (it is) necessary. ( 综合训练 ) 一．单项选择 1.Henry will give us a report as soon as he _______. A．arrives B．arrived C．is arriving D．will arrive 【答案】A 【解析】句意：亨利一到，他就要给我们做一个报告。当主句描述将来动作时，英语条件状语从句中用一般现在时态表示将来的动作；主语单三，谓语动词用单数形式；故选A。 2.You won't succeed _____ you work hard A．if B．because C．unless D．so that 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你不会成功的，除非你努力工作。if如果；because 因为，引导原因状语从句；unless如果不，除非；so that以至于，引导结果状语从句；为的是，引导目的状语从句。根据句意可知，这里表示“如果不努力工作”，故应选C。 3.—What will you do then? —I will telephone the police and complain about it the noise stops soon. A．unless B．though C．because D．if 【答案】A 【解析】句意：----那么你会怎么做？-----我会给警察打电话投诉，除非噪音很快停止。考查连词辨析。A. unless除非，如果不，引导否定的条件状语从句；B. though虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句；C. because因为，引导原因状语从句；D. if如果，引导条件状语从句。根据句意可知后句表示否定条件，填unless；选A。 4． there was no obvious evidence, most people didn’t think he was guilty of the robbery. A．When B．While C．Since D．As 【答案】C 【解析】句意“由于没有明显的证据，大多数人认为他没有犯抢劫罪”。A.当……时候（引导时间状语从句）；B.当……时候（引导时间状语从句）；C.since“因为”、“既然”，侧重主句，从句表示显然的或已为人所知的理由，语气比because稍弱；D. as因为，表示的“原因”是双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因，或者理由不是很重要。根据句意可知，因为没有明显的证据，且这个理由很重要，所以人们认为他没有犯抢劫罪，故选C 5.The bell rang ________the teacher was explaining the experiment to the students. A．until B．before C．while D．after 【答案】C 【解析】句意“老师正向学生们解释这个实验，下课铃声响了。”until直到；before在……之前；while表示当……时候，after在……之后。此处表示当老师正讲解实验时，铃声响了，故用连词while，故选C。 6．— What were you doing ______ I knocked at the door? — I was sleeping. A．unless B．once C．when D．while 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：句意：－我敲门时，你在做什么？－我在睡觉。A．unless如果不，除非；引导条件状语从句；B．once一旦……，引导条件状语从句；C．when当……时，表示两个动作同时发生，主句一般使用过去时，从句使用过去进行时；D．while当……时，表示两个动作同时发生，后跟延续性动词，从句一般使用进行时态，表示一段时间。本题表示“当……时”，knock是非延续性动词，故选C。 考点：考查连词辨析。 7．—Tom wants to know if you a picnic next Sunday. —Yes. But if it ， we'll visit the museum instead. A． will have; will rain B．have; rains C．have; will rain D．will have; rains 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意：汤姆想知道下周你是否要去野餐。——是的，但是如果下雨，我们就会去参观博物馆。结合语境可知上文是宾语从句，描述的是将来发生的动作，故用一般将来时态。下文是条件状语从句，当主句为一般将来时态时，条件状语从句中用一般现在时态表示将来的动作，结合语境可知选D。 8．I'm sure dreams don't work you do. A．if B．until C．when D．since 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我相信梦想在你做之前是不会实现的。 考查连词辨析。if如果，表条件；until直到，表时间，多与not连用表示“直到……才”；when什么时候，表时间；since自从，用于表示一段时间。本句是“not …until”结构，根据句意结构和语境，可知选B。 9. It’s much easier for us to become friends________ we share similar interests. A．unless B．when C．even though D．so that 【答案】B 【解析】句意：当我们分享相似的兴趣爱好时，对于我们来说成为朋友更加容易一些。 考查连词。unless如果不，除非，引导条件状语从句；when当……时候，引导时间状语从句；even though尽管，引导让步状语从句；so that以便，因此，结果，引导目的或结果状语从句。根据句意可知此句表示时间，故填when，选B。 10．____ I was in the US, I made a lot of American friends. A．While B．Although C．Unless D．Until 【答案】A 【解析】句意：当我在美国的时候，我交了很多美国朋友。 考查连词辨析。while当……的时候，表时间；although尽管，表让步；unless除非，表条件，相当于if not；until直到，与not连用表示“直到……才”。根据I made a lot of American friends我交了很多美国朋友，可知是在美国的时候，故选A。 11.A stupid man tells a woman to shut up,while a wise man tells her that her mouth is quite beautiful　　　it is closed.  A.unless B.since C.when D.though 【答案】C 【解析】句意:愚蠢的男人告诉女人闭嘴,而聪明的男人会告诉她,在她闭着嘴的时候,她的嘴相当漂亮。本题考查连词的用法。unless除非;since既然,自从;when当……的时候;though虽然。根据句意可知,when最合适。 12.I am really proud of my group　　　we’re always discussing and sharing study secrets together. How important the group work is!  A.because B.though C.unless 【答案】A 【解析】句意:我真的为我的小组感到自豪,因为我们总是一起讨论和分享学习的诀窍。小组讨论是多么重要啊!本题考查连词。because因为;though尽管;unless除非。根据句意可知答案为A项。 13.　　　I got home, my sister was doing her homework.  A.When B.Because C.If D.Though 【答案】A 【解析】句意:我到家时,我妹妹正在做作业。本题考查状语从句。when 是“当……时候”的意思。故选A。 14.Our world will get better and better 　　　 each of us lives a greener life.  A.before B.if C.though D.until 【答案】B　 【解析】句意:如果我们每个人都过更环保的生活,我们的世界将会变得越来越好。 本题考查连词。before在……之前;if 如果;though尽管;until直到……才。根据句意可知答案为B项。 15.My family always go somewhere interesting　　　the holiday begins.  A.as soon as B.so C.so that D.even though 【答案】A　 【解析】句意:假期一开始,我的家人总是去某个有趣的地方。as soon as 一……就;so 因此;so that以便;even though虽然,尽管。根据句意可知选择A项。 二．语法填空 As one of Guangdong's intangible cultural heritage （非物质文化遗产） representatives, Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch （早茶） is a long-standing custom that has been passed down 1 hundreds of years. These delicious foods are now available for 2 （we） to taste in Guangzhou's streets. People in Guangzhou particularly enjoy drinking tea. 3 they greet each other, they often ask, “How about drinking tea?” Why then do people in Guangzhou have such a strong preference for tea? In Guangzhou, tea focuses on both tea and dim sum （点心）. More 4 （important）, drinking tea has developed into a cultural pastime for socializing and gatherings, acting as a bridge for communication in people's 5 （day） lives. It is said that Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch originated from old neighborhoods in Guangzhou. The earliest tea drinking places 6 （call） “Erli Pavilion”. Every day before 7 （start） work, people would go to small tea houses and spend two cents enjoying 8 cup of tea and some dim sum, which are good and cheap. In 2023, the custom of Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch was included in the list of the 9 （eight） batch（批） of Guangdong Intangible Cultural Heritage programs. Since then, this traditional culture 10 （become） the best symbol of outlining the city's style and cultural charm. 本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了广东人的“早茶文化”。 [答案]1．for 2．us 3．When 4．importantly 5．daily6．were called 7．starting 8．a 9．Eighth 10．has become [解析] 1．本题考查介词。句意：作为广东省非物质文化遗产的代表之一，广州早茶是一种流传了数百年的悠久习俗。空后是时间段，用介词for。故填for。 2．本题考查人称代词。句意：我们现在可以在广州的街道上品尝到这些美味的食物。空处作介词for的宾语用宾格us，故填us。 3．本题考查连词。这里表示当他们互相问候时，他们经常问：“喝茶怎么样？”根据“they greet each other”可知是当他们互相打招呼时，用when引导时间状语从句，故填When。 4．本题考查副词。句意：更重要的是，喝茶已经发展成为一种社交和聚会的文化消遣，成为人们日常生活中沟通的桥梁。此处修饰整个句子，用副词importantly“重要地”，故填importantly。 5．本题考查形容词。句意：更重要的是，喝茶已经发展成为一种社交和聚会的文化消遣，成为人们日常生活中沟通的桥梁。此处修饰名词lives用形容词daily“日常的”，故填daily。 6．本题考查被动语态。句意：最早的饮茶场所叫做“二厘馆”。主语The earliest tea drinking places和谓语动词call之间是被动关系，且是过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，故填were called。 7．本题考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：每天上班前，人们都会去小茶馆，花两分钱喝一杯茶，吃一些点心，它们物美价廉。介词before后加动词的-ing形式，故填starting。 8．本题考查冠词。句意：每天上班前，人们都会去小茶馆，花两分钱喝一杯茶，吃一些点心，它们物美价廉。此处泛指“一杯茶”，cup以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。 9．本题考查序数词。此处表示2023年，广州早茶习俗被列入广东省人民政府第八批省级非物质文化遗产名录。表示顺序用序数词eighth，故填eighth。 10．本题考查动词时态。句意：从那时起，这种传统文化就成为勾勒城市风貌和文化魅力的最佳象征。根据“Since then”可知句子用现在完成时，主语是this traditional culture，助动词用has， 故填has become。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 宾语从句&状语从句讲练 ( 语法解析 ) 一．宾语从句 宾语从句为中考的必考点，主要在单项选择题中考查，侧重考查其引导词、语序、时态的应用。一般至少会涉及两个考查点。 ①引导词相同，语序和时态不同； ②时态一致，语序和引导词不同。而且通常都会在一些固定的句型中涉及，如I wonder...，Would/Could you please tell me....，Can you tell me...，Do you know...， I don’t know...等等。 考生在做此类试题时，首先从语序着手，宾语从句的语序应该为陈述句语序， 即：主语+谓语+宾语+其他；再从时态考虑，一般情况下，宾语从句的时态要和主句的时态保持一致，但是，如果有明显的时间状语，要以时间状语来判断时态；最后，再根据答语来判断疑问词。 1.宾语从句概述 置于动词、介词等后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序。 时 态 主句为一般现在时态时,从句的时态可以根据实际情况而定 I remember he gave me a book yesterday. 我记得他昨天给了我一本书。 He says that he will leave for New York tomorrow. 他说明天他将动身去纽约。 主句为一般过去时态时,从句应用相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时) He told me that he would take part in the high jump. 他告诉我他将会参加跳高比赛。 He asked me if I had taken his soap. 他问我是否拿了他的肥皂。 当从句内容为客观事实或真理时,从句要用一般现在时 He told me that the earth goes around the sun.(真理) 他告诉我地球绕着太阳转。 语 序 宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序。把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句时,要特别注意从句的语序,即按照主语、谓语的顺序 What’s Kate’s e-mail address?Do you know? →Do you know what Kate’s e-mail address is? 你知道凯特的电子邮件地址吗? 引 导 词 (1)当宾语从句是由陈述句转化而来时,用that引导 “She is a good girl,”the teacher told us. →The teacher told us(that)she was a good girl. 老师告诉我们她是一个好女孩。 (2)当宾语从句是由一般疑问句转化而来时,宾语从句用whether或if连接,句尾的标点符号取决于主句 “Are you from Japan?”he asked me. =He asked me if/whether I was from Japan. 他问我是不是来自日本。 “Do you like watching TV?”he asked me. =He asked me if/whether I liked watching TV. 他问我是否喜欢看电视。 (3)当宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来时,连接词就用原来的特殊疑问词,但从句一定要注意用陈述句语序 When did he leave for Japan? Could you tell me? =Could you tell me when he left for Japan? 你能告诉我他什么时候去的日本吗? 2.注意点 (1)否定转移 当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时,要将宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定形式,而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。 I don’t think he will come with you.我认为他不会和你一起来。 (2)宾语从句的简化 ①当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时,从句可简化为不定式结构。 I hope that I can receive your e-mail.=I hope to receive your e-mail.我希望能收到你的电子邮件。 ②当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn等时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 She doesn’t know what she should do next.=She doesn’t know what to do next.她不知道下一步该做什么。 ③当主句的谓语动词是ask,tell,show,teach等,且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 Will you please show me how I can work it out?=Will you please show me how to work it out?请你告诉我怎样把它解出来好吗? ④宾语从句可以简化为名词或名词短语。 I don’t believe what Tom said.=I don’t believe Tom’s words.我不相信汤姆的话。 3.宾语从句解题技巧 1.牢记宾语从句考点的记忆口诀: 宾语从句需注意,几点事项应牢记。 一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。 二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态应变相应过; 从句若为真理时,永用一般现在时。 三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。 2.用好排除法 从时态、语序、引导词三个方面综合考虑,逐个排查选项。 ( 随堂训练 ) 一．单项选择 1．Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me ________？ A．where is the bank nearest B．where is the nearest bank C．where the nearest bank is D．where was the bank nearest 2．Mike was not listening carefully, so he failed to hear . A．what the teacher said B．how the teacher said C．what did the teacher say D．how did the teacher say 3． —Can I join you? —Sure , we are discussing ______. A．why we like the movie B．who should we go with C．how can we get there D．when shall we go for a picnic 4．This book will show you ________ from books is put into practical use. A．how you’ve learned B．how what you’ve learned C．how that you’ve learned D．that you’ve learned 5．—Mum, summer holiday is coming. I wonder . —How about Qinling Wild Zoo？ A．where can we go B．where we can go C．how we can go D．how we can go 6．---Soldier, I don't care _____. In this army, there's only one hairstyle—short! Understand? ---Yes, sir! A．what you are used to liking B．what are you used to liking C．what did you use to be like D．what you used to be like 7．-Dad, do you know ___________ return from Beijing? I miss her very much. -Maybe next Sunday A．how will Mum B．when will Mum. C．how Mum will D．when Mum will 8．——Do you know for vacation?——Next month. A．when Mr. Cooper will leave B．when Mr. Cooper left C．when will Mr. Cooper leave D．when did Mr. Cooper leave 9．—Could you please tell me ? —Oh, I’ll go there to attend a party. A．when you’ll go to Beijing B．how you’ll go to Beijing C．why you’ll go to Beijing D．whether you’ll go to Beijing 10．Some people are interested in _______women’s sense of smell is better developed than _____of men. A．which; that B．what; one C．which; one D．whether; that 2． 状语从句 状语从句由从属连词引导,与主句连接,位于句首时,常用逗号与主句分开,位于句末时,其前一般不用逗号。状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、地点状语从句等。 时间状语从句 1.表示“一···就···”的句型 as soon as As soon as he arrives, I'll call you.他一到，我就给你打电话。【主将从现】 As soon as I saw you, I liked you.=I liked you as soon as I saw you .一见到你,我就喜欢上了你。 2. when, while, as引导时间状语从句 （1）when的用法 when既可指时间点，也可指时间段（即：从句动词可以是短暂的也可是延续的）；主从句动作可同时也可先后发生。 I was thin when I was a child. 当我是个孩子的时候,我很瘦。 It was raining when I arrived.我到达时，天正在下雨。 When I saw you at my age of five, I liked you.五岁时见到你,就喜欢上了你。 He does miss you when you are not here.你不在的时候他非常想念你 （2）while用法 while只能指一段时间，从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。强调某一段时间内发生主句动作，相当于during the time that.... My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.当我在做作业时，妈妈在做饭。 I am safe while I am here.我在这儿的时候，我很安全。 注意 while除引导时间状语从句外，还引导对比句，作“然而”讲； I like watching TV, while he likes reading.我喜欢看电视，而他喜欢读书。 （3）as的用法 ① as引导时间状语从句时常可和when换用，但较强调同时发生，多指短暂动作。 As I left the house, I forgot the key.我离家时，忘了带钥匙。 ② as还可说明两种正在发展或变化的情况，“随着...”的意思，表时间的推移。如： As I get older, I get more optimistic.随着年龄的增长，我变得更加乐观。 （4）. until和till “延续性动词肯定式+until”表示“动作延续到…为止，”译为“直到…为止”，如： I waited for him until he came back. 我一直等到他回来。 “终止性动词的否定式+ until”表示“直到···才”。 He didn't go to bed until he had finished his work. 直到完成工作他才睡觉。 Donald will remain in college until/till he finished his PhD course.= Donald won’t leave college until he finished his PhD course. I didn’t like you until I saw you. 直到见到你，我就喜欢上你。 用于强调句式“It is not until ...that ...” It was not until the professor came that we began the experiment.在教授到来之后，我们才开始实验。 not until放在句首时，主句倒装。 Not until he graduated did he succeed in obtaining this compound. 直到他毕业他才成功获得这种化合物。 注意 句首和强调句中要用until，而不用till；not...until...句型中不用till。 条件状语从句 1.由if, unless，as long as, 如果我有时间，我就告诉你。 I will tell you if I have time. I won't tell you unless I have time. I will tell you as long as I have time . 2.条件状语从句中一般要用一般现在时态表将来。【主将从现】 (1)主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。 I’ll visit the Great Wall if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.如果明天不下雨,我将去游览长城。 (2)如果if引导的条件状语从句所表示的前提或条件将来可以实现或正在进行,从句要用现在完成时或现在进行时,主句通常用一般将来时。 We will give you a good price if you are thinking of buying it.如果你考虑买它,我们会给你一个好价钱。 (3)“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”中,祈使句在意义上相当于一个条件状语从句。 Use your head,and you’ll find a way.=If you use your head,you’ll find a way.动动脑筋,你就会想出办法来。 原因状语从句 原因状语从句由because, as , since, 等引导。 1. because用来回答why提出的问题，表直接的因果关系，用于告知对方不知道的原因，语气最强，可用于强调句。 他没参加会议，因为他病了。 He didn't attend the meeting because he was ill. 注意 because和because of的区别：because是连词，引导从句，because of是短语介词，后接名词性词语，如： The football match was put off because it rained. The football match was put off because of the rain.因为下雨，足球赛延期了。 2. for也可以表示原因，属并列连词，不是说明直接原因，而是对某种情况加以推断，表示补充说明理由。而推断的理由会因人而异。语气很弱，它引出的分句必须放在另一分句后。 He must be ill, for he is absent today. 让步状语从句 由though, although, even if/though 等引导。 1. though, although这两个连词用法基本一样，只是前者口语化，后者较正式，常位于句首，都不与 连用，但可以和yet，still，nevertheless连用。though还可作副词单独放在句尾，表示“然而”的意思。 他很累，但是他依然坚持努力工作。 He is tired, but he still keeps on working hard. =Although/though he is tired, he (still) keeps on working hard. Though /Although he was worn out, he kept on working. 2. even if（尽管；即使）, even though（尽管） 这两个复合连词意义基本相同，常用以强调让步概念，有退一步想的意思（有时用于虚拟）。表“即使”时有假设含义，一般用even if。 We'll make trip even if(though) the weather is bad. Even if I were in your place, I wouldn't take the job.（虚拟） 目的状语从句 (1)引导目的状语从句的词或词组有so that,in order that 等,从句谓语中常含有may,might,can,could,will,would 等情态动词。 He must get up early so that he can go to work on time.他必须早点起床,以便能按时上班。 (2)当从句主语与主句主语一致时,可用so as to,in order to。 He worked day and night in order that he could succeed. =He worked day and night in order to succeed.他夜以继日地工作为的是取得成功。 结果状语从句 1.常用的连词有so that，so ... that, too...to...,such...that, that（带古英语痕迹）。 （结果状语从句中一般无情态动词） He had overslept so that he was late for work. My pen fell under my desk that I couldn't see it. 2. so/such ...that所用句式 ①so + adj（adv) + that从句 The box is so heavy that I can't carry it. ②so+adj +a/an+单名+ that从句＝such a/an+adj.+单名+that从句 She is so beautiful a girl that all the boys of our class like her. =She is such a beautiful girl that all the boys of our class like her. (2)so...that句型的否定形式可用too...to...或not...enough to结构代替。 He is so young that he can’t go to school.=He is too young to go to school.=He is not old enough to go to school.他太小了不能去上学。 状语从句的省略现象 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同或为it, 同时从句谓语含be动词，就可省去从句的主语和be动词。 ①时间状语从句中： Don’t speak until (you are) spoken to. While (I was) in Beijing, I lived with my uncle. I want to go swimming when (it is) possible. ②条件状语从句中： Come tomorrow if (it is) possible. If (it is) so, you would be punished. Unless (it is) repaired, the TV set is of no use. ③方式状语从句中： She stood at the gate as if (she was) waiting for someone. ④其他状语从句中： Though (it was) cold, he still wore a shirt. Fill in the blanks with proper words where (it is) necessary. ( 综合训练 ) 一．单项选择 1.Henry will give us a report as soon as he _______. A．arrives B．arrived C．is arriving D．will arrive 2.You won't succeed _____ you work hard A．if B．because C．unless D．so that 3.—What will you do then? —I will telephone the police and complain about it the noise stops soon. A．unless B．though C．because D．if 4． there was no obvious evidence, most people didn’t think he was guilty of the robbery. A．When B．While C．Since D．As 5.The bell rang ________the teacher was explaining the experiment to the students. A．until B．before C．while D．after 6．— What were you doing ______ I knocked at the door? — I was sleeping. A．unless B．once C．when D．while 7．—Tom wants to know if you a picnic next Sunday. —Yes. But if it ， we'll visit the museum instead. A． will have; will rain B．have; rains C．have; will rain D．will have; rains 8．I'm sure dreams don't work you do. A．if B．until C．when D．since 9. It’s much easier for us to become friends________ we share similar interests. A．unless B．when C．even though D．so that 10．____ I was in the US, I made a lot of American friends. A．While B．Although C．Unless D．Until 11.A stupid man tells a woman to shut up,while a wise man tells her that her mouth is quite beautiful　　　it is closed.  A.unless B.since C.when D.though 12.I am really proud of my group　　　we’re always discussing and sharing study secrets together. How important the group work is!  A.because B.though C.unless 13.　　　I got home, my sister was doing her homework.  A.When B.Because C.If D.Though 14.Our world will get better and better 　　　 each of us lives a greener life.  A.before B.if C.though D.until 15.My family always go somewhere interesting　　　the holiday begins.  A.as soon as B.so C.so that D.even though 二．语法填空 As one of Guangdong's intangible cultural heritage （非物质文化遗产） representatives, Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch （早茶） is a long-standing custom that has been passed down 1 hundreds of years. These delicious foods are now available for 2 （we） to taste in Guangzhou's streets. People in Guangzhou particularly enjoy drinking tea. 3 they greet each other, they often ask, “How about drinking tea?” Why then do people in Guangzhou have such a strong preference for tea? In Guangzhou, tea focuses on both tea and dim sum （点心）. More 4 （important）, drinking tea has developed into a cultural pastime for socializing and gatherings, acting as a bridge for communication in people's 5 （day） lives. It is said that Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch originated from old neighborhoods in Guangzhou. The earliest tea drinking places 6 （call） “Erli Pavilion”. Every day before 7 （start） work, people would go to small tea houses and spend two cents enjoying 8 cup of tea and some dim sum, which are good and cheap. In 2023, the custom of Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch was included in the list of the 9 （eight） batch（批） of Guangdong Intangible Cultural Heritage programs. Since then, this traditional culture 10 （become） the best symbol of outlining the city's style and cultural charm. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$