专题03 非谓语动词讲练-【八升九】2025年新九年级英语暑期衔接讲义（人教版）

专题03 非谓语动词讲练 ( 语法解析 ) 非谓语动词是动词的非谓语形式，在句子中不能单独作谓语。 包括动词不定式(to do)、动名词(doing)和分词(-ing,-ed)三种形式；其中分词又包含现在分词和过去分词两种形式。 动词不定式 形式：动词不定式基本形式由“to do”构成。它的否定形式“not to do”。有时可以省略to，这里的to 是不定式符号，本身无词义。help sb.(to) do sth. make sb. do sth. 2.不定式的基本用法 用法 说明 例句 作 主 语 动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末,避免句子头重脚轻。其结构为It+be+adj.+to do sth. To learn English well is useful. =It is useful to learn English well. 如果要说明不定式表示的动作的执行者,可以在不定式前加一个for短语。其结构为It+be+adj.+for sb.+to do sth. It is good for you to go out for a walk. 某些表示人的品质、特征等的形容词(如kind,good,nice,wise,clever,polite等)作表语时,不定式之前可以加一个of短语,用来说明动作的执行者。其结构为It+be+adj.+of sb.+to do sth. It’s not polite of him to speak to old people like that. 两个或两个以上的动词不定式并列时,第一个不定式带to,后面的不定式通常省略to To go to sleep early and get up early is a good habit. 作 宾 语 不定式用在及物动词后作宾语,常见的及物动词有:begin,choose,continue,decide,expect,fail,forget,hate,help,hope,learn,manage,mean,need,offer,plan,prefer,pretend,promise,refuse,try,afford,agree,start,like等 I can’t afford to buy a digital camera at the moment. 在find,think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在后面 I find it easy to read English every day. 作 宾 语 补 足 语 常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:want,ask,tell,allow,get,would like,advise,encourage等 My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补,这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有:一感(feel)、二听(hear,listen to)、三让(let,make,have)、四看(look at,see,watch,notice)。但变被动语态时必须加上to I often hear Li Ming sing in the next room. 动词help后面的不定式,既可以带to,也可以不带to You must help me(to)do my homework this afternoon. 作 定 语 作定语的不定式,要放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后 I have some clothes to wash. 如果不定式是不及物动词,且与它所修饰的词构成逻辑上的被动关系,则不定式要加上相应的介词 He is looking for a room to live in. We have a lot of things to talk about. 当不定式修饰的名词是time,place或way时,不定式后面习惯上省略介词 My grandma had no place to live(in)in the old days. 不定式修饰 something,anything,nothing时,放在它们的后面,如果something,anything,nothing有形容词修饰,词序是“something/anything/nothing+形容词+不定式” I had something cold to drink. 作 状 语 不定式作目的状语时可放在句首或句尾 To be a good student,one must study hard. 和某些形容词连用构成“be+形容词+不定式”结构,作原因状语 We are sorry to trouble you. 作程度或结果状语时,常与enough(表示肯定)或too(表示否定)连用 He is old enough to go to school. He is too young to go to school. 作表语 表示主语的“职业、职责或性质”等,通常对连系动词前面的名词进行解释说明 His wish is to become a doctor. 和疑问 词连用 不定式常和疑问词what,which,when,where,how连用,在句中担当主语、宾语、表语等成分 He didn􀆳t know where to go. =He didn􀆳t know where he should go. 动词不定式的特殊句型: ①too…to… “太……而不能……”。 如：The boy is too young to look after himself. 那个男孩太小而不能照顾自己。 ②…enough to…“……足够……”。 如：He is old enough to go to school. 他足够大能去上学了。 ③Why don’t you +省略to的不定式？=Why not +省略to的不定式？为什么不……呢？ 如：Why don't you get her a photo album? =Why not get her a photo album? 为什么不给她买个相册呢？ ④had better+（not）+省略to的不定式。最好（不要）做…… 如：You'd better not stay here today. 你今天最好别待在这儿。 ⑤Will you please+省略to的不定式?你愿意……吗？ 如：Will you please close the door? 能请你把门关上吗？ ⑥prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. “宁愿做某事而不愿做某事” 如：I prefer to do more work rather than do nothing at home.我宁愿做更多的工作也不愿在家无所事事。 ⑦It is+adj.+for/of sb.+to do.“做某事是……的” 如：It is necessary for us to brush our teeth twice a day.一天刷两次牙对我们是有必要的。 It+be+形容词+不定式 It’s hard to say which one is better.很难说哪一个更好。 It+be+名词+不定式 It was great fun to have a picnic there. 在那里野餐很有意思。 It+动词+名词/副词+不定式 It took me 2 hours to finish my homework. 完成作业花了我两个小时的时间。 ( 随堂训练 ) 1. Mrs Smith warned her daughter ________ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive 【答案】A 【解析】考察不定式做宾补，warn sb not to do sth. 此处用never替代not，故选A。 2. They would not allow him ________ across the enemy line. A. to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going 【答案】A 【解析】考察不定式做宾补，allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事；risk doing sth冒险做某事，故选A。 3. I saw him _______ out of the room. A. go B. had gone C. has gone D. goes 【答案】A 【解析】考察不定式的省略，在一些特定的知觉动词和使役动词后作宾语补足语，省略to,这些动词包括：知觉动词：look at，see，watch，notice，observe，listen to，hear，feel，使役动词：let，make，have,see sb.do sth.是看见某人做了某事（强调全过程）,see sb.doing sth.是看见某人正在做某事（强调正在做），故选A。 4. Though he had often made his little sister _____, today he was made _____by his little sister. A. cry；to cry B. crying；crying C. cry；cry D. to cry；cry 【答案】A 【解析】make sb do 让某人做某事， 但用于被动结构后， 则要用不定式符号to连接。 5. There’re so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind _____ to buy. A. what B. which C. how D. where 【答案】B 【解析】考察疑问词+不定式用法，which 用于有范围中的“哪一个”， 此处作buy的宾语。 6. She pretended _______ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen 【答案】A 【解析】考察不定式做宾语，pretend not to do，假装没做某事，故选A。 7.--- The light in the office is still on. --- Oh, I forgot _______. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off 【答案】C 【解析】考察不定式做宾语，forget to do sth忘记（要）做某事，forget doing忘记正在做的事情。此处表示灯还开着，所以是忘记要做的事，故选C。 8. I prefer ____ rather than ______. A. read；watch B. to read；watch C. reading；to watch D. to read；to watch 【答案】B 【解析】prefer后面接不定式（1）prefer to do sth（2）prefer to do A rather than do B;与其...，我更喜欢...I prefer to spend the weekend at home rather than go outside.与到外面去玩比起来， 我更喜欢在家里度周末,故选B。 动名词 1.动名词由动词原形加词尾“ing”构成。 2.动名词有动词的特征,可以跟宾语,可以被状语修饰；它也有名词的特征,在句子中可以作主语、宾语(包括介词宾语)等。 功能 例句 说明 主语 Eating too much is bad for your health. 谓语动词用单数形式。 动词宾语 介词宾语 I like playing basketball very much.我非常喜欢打篮球。 Stamps are used for sending letters.邮票是被用来寄信的。 表示一般的习惯或抽象行为或经常性的动作。 表语 His hobby is collecting stamps. =Collecting stamps is his hobby. 多数情况下，动名词作表语可转化成作主语。 定语 She is in the reading room.她在阅览室。 We should improve our teaching methods. 只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等。置于所修饰词之前。 3.动名词的用法 1作主语 单独作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；如果并列的动名词(短语)作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式。如： Reading in bed is not good for your eyes.在床上看书对你的眼睛不好。 Reading and writing are necessary for us. 读书和写作对我们很有必要。 2作表语 动名词(短语)作表语可以转化为动名词(短语)作主语。如： His favorite sport is playing ping-pong.＝Playing ping-pong is his favorite sport.他最喜欢的运动是打乒乓球。 3作宾语 动词宾语, 多用来表示习惯性动作。如： I like playing football very much.我非常喜欢踢足球。 常跟动名词作宾语的动词有 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 enjoy喜欢 mind 介意 finish 完成 keep持续 suggest 建议 practice 练习 consider考虑 miss错过 imagine想象 avoid避免 can’t help忍不住 go on 继续 be worth值得 be busy忙于 give up放弃 succeed in成功，设法 look forward to期待 be used to习惯于 end up以……结束 put off推迟 pay attention to注意 be interested in对……感兴趣 4.注意：含有介词to的固定短语 make (a) contribution (s) to 为……做贡献 devote oneself to 献身，致力于…… look forward to 期待，盼望 prefer...to... 比起……更喜欢…… be used to... 习惯……，适应…… pay attention to注意 5.某些动词后接不定式和动名词的区别 1.forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 forget to do sth.忘记要做某事（未做） I forget to bring my homework.我忘记带作业了。 I forget bringing my homework.我忘记已把作业带来了。 2.remember doing sth.记得做过某事 remember to do sth.记得去做某事（未做） Please remember to post my letter.请记得把我的信寄走。 I remember posting your letter.我记得把你的信寄出去了。 3.try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力做某事 Please try to do better next time.下次请设法做得更好些。 He tried speaking in English.他试着用英语讲。 4.hear/see sb. doing sth.听见/看见某人正在做某事 hear/see sb. do sth. 听见/看见某人做了某事 I often see him play football 我经常看见他踢球 I saw him playing football went I passed 当我经过的时候，我看见他正在踢球 5.Stop to do sth 停下去做某事 Stop doing sth 停止做某事 Stop to think about it for a moment.停下来想一下这件事。 Stop talking, please.请不要说话。 6.Mean to do sth 打算做某事 Mean doing sth 意味着 I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.我想去,但我父亲不肯让我去。 Doing that means wasting time.做那件事意味着浪费时间。 分词 1.包含现在分词（-ing）和过去分词(-ed)。 主要区别：现在分词一般有主动或表示动作正在进行的意思；过去分词有被动或动作已经完 成的意思。分词可以有自己的宾语或状语。 2.分词或分词短语在句子中作定语、状语和复合宾语等。 （1）作定语：分词作定语时,一般要放在修饰的名词之前,分词短语作定语时,则要放在所修饰的名词之后。 如：I have got a running nose.(我流鼻涕) The woman running after the thief shouted very loudly.(跟着小偷追的妇女大喊！) Yesterday I met a man called Mr. Black.(昨天我遇见了一个名叫布莱克先生的人) He only gave me a broken glass,so I was very angry with him.(他只给了我一个坏玻璃杯,所以我很生他的气) （2）现在分词可以作下列动词的宾语补足语。(参考不定式作宾语补足语) 谓语动词(vt.) 宾语 宾语补足语 keep(保持) / see(看到) / hear(听到) / watch(注意到) / feel(感觉到) sb./sth. (do)ing 如：Mum kept me working all the week.(妈妈让我一个星期都在工作) When I entered the room,I saw Jack eating a big pear.(我进入房间时看到杰克正在吃一只大梨子) In the dark I felt something very cold moving on my foot.(黑暗之中我感到有个冷的东西在我的脚上移动) （3）现在分词可以作状语,表示伴随情况。 如：She came into the classroom,holding a pile of papers in her hand.(他走进教室,手上抓着一沓纸) I am very busy these days getting ready for the coming oral test.(这些日子我正忙着准备即将来到的口语考试) （4）过去分词可以作表语,放在连系动词后面,但要注意不要与被动语态混淆,“主系表”主要表示状态,而被动语态则表示动作。 常用过去分词作表语的结构有：be worried (焦虑) / be pleased (高兴) / be tired (疲劳) / get dressed (打扮好) / get lost (迷路) / get caught (遭遇) / become frustrated (沮丧) / become intereted in (对…感兴趣)等等。 （5）过去分词可以作宾语补足语。如：I had my hair cut this morning.(今天早上我让人给我理了发)(注意：have sth. done表示动作由别人来做,而have done sth.则为现在完成时的结构,两个结构不可以混淆) 3.现在分词与过去分词的区别 1.在语态上,现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词表示被动意义。 the surprising news令人惊讶的消息 a surprised man一个感到惊讶的人 a moving film一部感人的电影 the moved people被感动的人们 2.在时间上,现在分词表示正在进行的动作,过去分词表示已经完成的动作。 the developing country发展中国家 the developed country发达国家 the rising sun正在升起的太阳 the risen sun升起来的太阳 4.易混句式have sb.do sth.,have sb.doing sth.和have sth. done的区别 1.have sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”,have可以用let,make代替。不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作,且强调动作已经完成或尚未发生。 The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father.士兵们让这个男孩背对他的父亲站着。 2.have sb. doing sth.表示“使某人作出某种反应”或“劝说/命令某人做某事”;用于否定句时表示“允许/容忍某人做某事”。 Within minutes he had the whole audience laughing and clapping.短短几分钟内他就令全体观众欢笑、鼓掌。 3.have sth.done意为“让某事被别人做”,即ask sb.else to do sth.,过去分词(done)所表示的动作由他人(非主语本身)来完成。 The driver had his car washed once a week.这个司机一周让人洗一次车。 ( 综合训练 ) 一．单项选择 1．There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means money ______ for medical research has been well spent. A．used B．using C．to use D．to be used 【答案】A 【解析】考查过去分词。句意：近年来医学取得了许多进展。这意味着用于医学研究的钱花得很值。分析句子可知，money与use在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故选A项。 2．Several years ago they found in England a tomb of a man ____ from around 2,300 B．C． A．dated B．dating C．dates D．to date 【答案】B 【解析】考查现在分词。句意：几年前，他们在英格兰发现了一个可追溯至公元前2300年左右的男子坟墓。date from表示“追溯到(某一时期)，始于(某一时期)”，a tomb of a man（男子的坟墓）与date from之间为主动关系，应使用现在分词短语作后置定语，若用句子表示二者之间的关系，可以说成A tomb of a man dates from around 2,300 B．C．故选B。 3．Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ________ from the library A．to borrow B．borrowed C．to be borrowed D．borrowing 【答案】B 【解析】考查过去分词。句意：怀特抬头给学生看一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。分析句子可知，这里需要非谓语动词修饰maps，因为maps和borrow是被动关系吗，所以用过去分词做定语，故选B。 4．More highways have been built in China, _____ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. A．making B．made C．to make D．having made 【答案】A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国修建了越来越多的高速公路，人们更加方便从一个地点到另外一个地点。空格后面是it，说明是主动关系，排除B；不能选择C的原因是to do作目的状语，不符合句意；根据句意可知，此处是现在分词做结果状语。故选A。 5．"We can't go out in this weather, "said Bob, _____ out of the window. A．looking B．to look C．looked D．having looked 【答案】A 【解析】考查现在分词做状语。句意：Bob看着窗外说：“这样的天气我们不能出去”。本句中look与said是同时进行，we与look之间构成主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。故选A。 6.After long years of war, many people in Syria are homeless. I think it important a peaceful world.  A.build B.not build C.to build D.not to build 【答案】C 【解析】句意:长年战争过后,很多叙利亚人变得无家可归。我认为建设一个和平的世界很重要。本题考查非谓语动词。根据think+it+adj.+to do sth.结构可知此处要用不定式作think的真正的宾语,故答案为C项。 7.My parents don’t allow me late.  A.stay up B.to stay up C.stays up D.staying up 【答案】B 【解析】句意:我的父母不允许我熬夜。本题考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事。 8.We have worked so long. Shall we stop a rest?  A.have B.to having C.having D.to have 【答案】D 【解析】句意:我们已经工作了那么长时间了。我们停下来休息一下可以吗?本题考查动词不定式。stop doing sth.停止正在做的事情,stop to do sth.停止正在做的事情去做另一件事。根据句意可知是停止工作去休息,故答案为D项。 9.Mr.Smith told his son the football match because of the exam.  A.not to watch B.to not watch C.not watching D.doesn’t watch 【答案】A 【解析】句意:因为考试史密斯先生告诉他儿子不要看足球赛。tell sb. not to do sth.让某人不要做某事。所以A项符合题意。 10.Nowadays, it’s convenient and cheap for us a shared-bicycle. A. ride B. to ride C. flying D. to fly 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：现如今，____共享单车对我们来说是方便并且便宜的。此处考查it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。根据句意和固定短语ride a bicycle可知。故选B。 11.The Smiths have decided a house near the sea. A. buy B. bought C. buying D. to buy 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：史密斯一家已经决定在海边____一座房子。“decide to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”。故选D。 12.The students are used to physical exercises in the morning.  A.do B.doing C.did D.have done 【答案】B 【解析】句意:学生们习惯在早晨进行身体锻炼。固定短语“be used to doing sth.”意为“习惯做某事”,故本题选择B。 13.Smoking is not allowed here. Don’t forget your cigarette.  A.to put out B.putting out C.to put off D.putting off 【答案】A 【解析】句意:这里不允许吸烟。不要忘记熄灭你的烟。put out意为“扑灭,熄灭”;put off意为“推迟”,根据句意可排除C和D。forget to do sth.意为“忘记要做某事”,故本题选择A。 14.It took my sister three hours reading this interesting story.  A.to finish B.finished C.finishing D.finish 【答案】A 【解析】句意:我姐姐花费了三个小时读完这个有趣的故事。固定句型It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.意为“某人花费多长时间做某事”,故本题应选A。 15.—Why is Li Ming practicing speaking English? — abroad for further study.  A.Go B.Gone C.To go D.Goes 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——李明为什么在练习说英语?——为了出国深造。本题考查不定式作目的状语的用法。特殊疑问词why用于提问原因,动词不定式可用来表示目的,故本题选择C。 二．正确形式填空 1.We must take action to prevent pollution (live) a better life. 【答案】to live 【详解】句意：我们必须采取行动防止污染，以过上更好的生活。根据“prevent pollution ... a better life”可知，空处表示目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to live。 2.Many teenagers enjoy (ride) shared bikes along the Binhu Road for fun. 【答案】riding 【详解】句意：许多青少年喜欢沿着滨湖路骑共享单车取乐。根据“enjoy”可知，enjoy doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”，空处需填入动词的动名词形式，ride“骑”，其动名词形式为riding。故填riding。 3.They couldn’t stop (laugh) when they watched the funny show. 【答案】laughing 【详解】句意：当他们观看那个有趣的节目时，他们忍不住大笑起来。“stop doing sth.”表示“停止正在做的事情”，“stop to do sth.”表示“停下来去做另一件事”。根据语境，这里表达“忍不住一直大笑”，是停止不了正在进行的“大笑”这个动作，所以用“stop doing sth.”的结构。“laugh”是动词，其动名词形式是“laughing”，在句中作“stop”的宾语。故填laughing。 4.He spent two hours (tie) all the packages with string. 【答案】tying 【详解】句意：他花了两个小时用绳子捆好所有的包裹。spend... doing sth“花费……做某事”，空处填填动名词。故填tying。 5. (relaxed) on the beach after visiting it made them feel really good. 【答案】Relaxing 【详解】句意：参观完海滩后，在海滩上放松让他们感觉很好。 relaxed放松的，是形容词，常修饰人。空格处是这句话的主语，结合语境，参观完海滩在海滩上放松让他们感觉很好。此处指“放松”，用动词relax的ing形式relaxing，动名词作主语，relaxing位于句首，首字母大写。故填Relaxing。 6.To learn English well, we must practice (speak) English as much as possible. 【答案】speaking 【详解】句意：要学好英语，我们必须尽可能多地练习说英语。practice doing sth“练习做某事”，空处用动名词形式。故填speaking。 7.I carried on (do) my homework after a rest. 【答案】doing 【详解】句意：休息之后我继续做我的家庭作业。“carry on doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”，所以这里用“do”的动名词形式“doing”。故填doing。 8.The job of the volunteer is (help) the people in need. 【答案】to help 【详解】句意：志愿者的工作是帮助有需要的人。根据“The job of the volunteer”可知，此处用动词不定式作表语，to help符合句意，故填to help。 9.We couldn’t wait (get) off the bus because of the heavy rain. 【答案】to get 【详解】句意：因为大雨，我们迫不及待地下了公交车。“can’t wait to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“迫不及待做某事”，所以这里用“to get”。故填to get。 10.My sister often goes to school without (have) breakfast. 【答案】having 【详解】句意：我的妹妹经常不吃早饭就去上学。without是介词，后接名词或动名词作宾语，have的动名词是having。故填having。 11.The runner kept (run) until he got to the finishing line. 【答案】running 【详解】句意：跑步者一直奔跑，直到他抵达终点线。keep doing sth.“保持做某事”，固定搭配。故空处需动名词。故填running。 12.In fact, Gulliver didn’t know how (get) away. 【答案】to get 【详解】句意：事实上，格列佛不知道如何离开。这里考查“疑问词 + 不定式”的用法（how to do sth.），表示“如何做某事”，故填to get。 13.She once dreamed of a ticket to travel to Beijing alone. (book) 【答案】booking 【详解】句意：她曾梦想过独自预订一张去北京的旅行票。book“预订”，动词，of是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故填booking。 14.Life was different, but I managed (get) used to it. 【答案】to get 【详解】句意：生活不一样了，但我设法习惯它。manage to do sth“设法做某事”。故填to get。 15.My father does well in almost everything except (tie) his own tie. 【答案】tying 【详解】句意：我父亲几乎擅长所有事情，除了系自己的领带。except是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故填tying。 16.By (train) local doctors and nurses, we hope to help more people. 【答案】training 【详解】句意：通过培训当地医生和护士，我们希望帮助更多患者。train训练，培训；空前的by是介词，后面应跟动名词形式training。故填training。 17.Johnny is such a humorous person that every time he tells jokes, we can’t stop (laugh). 【答案】laughing 【详解】句意：Johnny是一个如此幽默的人，以至于每次他讲笑话时，我们都忍不住大笑。can’t stop doing sth“忍不住做某事”，固定词组。故填laughing。 18.Everyone had better avoid (cross) the road when the traffic light is red. 【答案】crossing 【详解】句意：当红灯亮时，大家最好避免横穿马路。根据“avoid”可知，此处是短语avoid doing sth.，表示“避免做某事”，故填crossing。 19.Before running, the boy refused (tie) his shoes. Unluckily, he fell over. 【答案】to tie 【详解】句意：在跑步前，那个男孩拒绝系鞋带。不幸的是，他摔倒了。refuse to do sth“拒绝做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to tie。 20.The young woman has trouble (communicate) with foreigners. 【答案】communicating 【详解】句意：这位年轻女子在与外国人交流方面有困难。根据“The young woman has trouble…with foreigners.”可知，这里考查have trouble (in) doing sth结构，表示“做某事有困难”，其中in可以省略，后面要接动词的-ing形式。communicate是动词，其-ing形式是communicating，has trouble communicating with foreigners表示“在与外国人交流方面有困难”，符合语境。故填communicating。 三．完成句子 1.我已经决定如何处理这些书了。 I what to these books. 【答案】 have decided do with 【详解】根据语境可知，句子用现在完成时，主语是I，助动词用have，动词decide“决定”，用过去分词decided，第一个空填have decided；第二个空do with，表示“处理”；空前有不定式符号to，用原形。故填have decided；do with。 2.他从未梦想过采访那位世界著名的歌手。 He that world-famous singer. 【答案】has never dreamed of interviewing 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“从未梦想过采访”；never“从未”；dream of“梦想”，句子时态为现在完成时，主语为“He”，应用has dreamed of；interview“采访”，用动名词形式，作宾语。故填has never dreamed of interviewing。 3.用微信保持联系是年轻人所喜欢的一种方式。 through WeChat is a way that young people like. 【答案】Keeping in touch 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，句中缺少“保持联系”，英文表达为“keep in touch”，固定短语；此处作主语，应使用动名词形式。故填Keeping in touch。 4.Kitty them and ran after couldn’t taking stop photos . 【答案】Kitty couldn’t stop taking photos and ran after them 【详解】根据所给标点是句号可知，本句是陈述句，时态是一般过去时。分析所给单词，Kitty作主语；“couldn’t stop taking photos”是第一个谓语动词短语，其中“couldn’t stop doing sth.”是固定搭配，表示“忍不住做某事；不停地做某事”，“take photos”是“拍照”；“and”是并列连词；“ran after them”是第二个谓语动词短语，“ran after”是“追赶”，“them”是宾语。故填Kitty couldn’t stop taking photos and ran after them“基蒂不停地拍照，并且追赶着它们”。 5.你已经决定怎么处理这些书了吗？ Have you decided with these books yet? 【答案】what to do 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处表示“怎样处理”这些书，可用“what to do with”来表达，空后已有with。故填what to do。 6.在翻译完这么多页后，我筋疲力尽了，什么都不想做。 I so many pages and I don’t want to do anything. 【答案】am tired out after translating 【详解】对照中英文，空处应填“筋疲力尽在翻译完之后”。be tired out“精疲力尽”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语是I，be动词用am；after“在……之后”，介词，后接动名词作宾语，translate“翻译”，动名词形式为translating。故填am tired out after translating。 7.我叔叔已经习惯在上海工作，但他经常与淮安的朋友保持联系。 My uncle has been in Shanghai. However, he often with the friends in Huai’an. 【答案】 used to working keeps in touch 【详解】对照中英文可知缺少“习惯工作”和“保持联系”。“习惯做某事”be used to doing sth，“工作”work，此处应用动名词working；“保持联系”keep in touch，由often可知是一般现在时，主语是三单，动词用三单形式keeps。故填used to working；keeps in touch。 8.It is a good way to keep diaries in our daily life. It is easy for us to remember things. diaries every day can help us remember things . 【答案】 keeping clearly 【详解】句意：每天记日记可以帮助我们更清晰地记住事情。分析句式结构可知：① 此处需要动名词作主语，表示“记日记”这一行为，故填“keeping”。 根据上下文逻辑，此处需补充副词修饰动词“remember”，故填“clearly”。故填keeping；clearly。 9.近年来，越来越多的年轻人已经习惯用微信保持联系了。 More and more young people in touch with each other by using Wechat over the years. 【答案】have been used to keeping 【详解】根据英汉对照可知，此处缺少“习惯于做某事”， 固定短语be used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”，根据“over the years”可知，句子时态要用现在完成时。其结构为have/has + 过去分词，主语“More and more young people”是复数，所以助动词用have，be的过去分词是been，keep in touch with表示“与……保持联系”，keep要用动名词形式keeping。故填have been used to keeping。 10.我忍不住和琳娜贝尔合影，因为她看起来很可爱。 I couldn’t with LinaBell because she looked cute. 【答案】 stop/help taking photos 【详解】“忍不住做某事”对应的表达是couldn’t stop/help doing sth；take photos“拍照”，故填stop/help；taking；photos。 四.动词的非谓语形式填空 A When he was 12, his parents died. He was alone and didn’t get on well with others. No one showed kindness to him. People always laughed at him. His only friend was a dog named Bobby. He gave his dog enough 1.  （eat） and drink, but he was a little rude（粗鲁的） to it sometimes. One day when he was going down the street, he saw a young lady 2.  （walk） in front of him. Suddenly, one of her bags dropped（掉落） from her arms. As she stopped 3.  （pick） it up, she dropped other bags. Jim came to help her. “Thank you, dear! You are a nice little boy!” the lady said kindly and politely, 4.  （smile）. [答案]1．to eat2．walking3．to pick4．smiling [解析] 1．句意:他给他的狗足够的饮食，但他有时对它有点粗鲁。此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰代词enough。故填to eat。 2．see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事。故填walking。 3．stop doing sth.停止正在做的事情；stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事情。由语境可知，此处指停下来去捡自己的包，此处为不定式作目的状语,故填to pick。 4．空处应用动词的非谓语形式作伴随状语，smile与其主语the lady之间为主动关系，故用动词的-ing形式。故填smiling。 B This summer, when I walked into my grandparents’ house with my little brother Frank, I tried not 5.  （look） at Grandpa’s chair anyway. It still looked the same. His blue blanket was there, as if Grandpa was going to pull it over his legs. My cousin Jack was playing in the yard as if nothing had happened. “Let’s go to catch fish!” Jack carried out the fish net from the corner, Grandpa’s net. Last summer, I was holding the net when Grandpa asked me whether I could help him teach Frank how 6.  （play） chess. I said no because I wanted 7.  （catch） fish. Grandpa had been the one who’d taught us how to catch fish, but then the illness made him 8.  （stay） behind. I regretted 9.  （say） no to Grandpa, and now I wouldn’t have a chance 10.  （play） chess with him. [答案]5．to look6．to play7．to catch8．stay9．saying10．to play [解析] 5．try to do sth.努力去做某事；try doing sth.试着去做某事。由语境可知此处表示“我”努力不去看爷爷的椅子，应用不定式。故填to look。 6．“疑问词（除了why）+to do sth.”为固定用法。此处表示教弗兰克怎么下棋，应用不定式，此时“how+不定式”和Frank一起作teach的宾语。故填to play。 7．want to do sth.为固定结构,故填to catch。 8．在使役动词make、let等后，只能用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填stay。 9．句意:我后悔对爷爷说不，现在我没有机会和他下棋了。regret doing sth.后悔做过某事。故填saying。 10．have a chance to do sth.表示“有机会做某事”，动词不定式作后置定语。故填to play。 五．语法填空 How much do you know about Wushu? Wushu, also known as martial arts, is one of the earliest 1 （sport） in China. It uses both body and brain. What's more, Wushu is an outstanding example of 2 （tradition） Chinese cultures. It can explain 3 Chinese people understand the world. Over its long history, Wushu 4 （develop） into a special unity of exercise, self-protection and art. As a sport and 5 artistic form, Wushu has gained great popularity in China. In Shenzhen, some schools have Wushu classes for kids. Every training 6 （require） students to take it seriously. Only by training hard can they build up 7 （they） bodies and meet the challenges in the future. As a competitive sport with great fitness value, Wushu has spread 8 （wide） across the world. Many masters helped make Wushu world-famous. Thanks to them, the word “kung fu” appeared in many foreign language dictionaries. Many Chinese have set up Wushu schools outside China, providing people 9 the chance to experience the fantastic sport. During the Hangzhou Asian Games in 2023, more people were able 10 （enjoy） the beauty of Wushu. 本文是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了中国武术。 [答案]1．sports 2．traditional 3．how 4．has developed 5．An 6．requires 7．their 8．widely 9．with 10．to enjoy [解析] 1．本题考查名词。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数“最……的……之一”，故填sports。 2．本题考查形容词。句意：更重要的是，武术是中国传统文化的杰出代表。此处修饰名词短语Chinese culture，用形容词traditional“传统的”，作定语，故填traditional。 3．本题考查宾语从句引导词。句意：它可以解释中国人是如何理解世界的。根据“Chinese people understand the world”可知，是指中国人如何理解世界，用how“如何”引导宾语从句，故填how。 4．本题考查时态。句意：在它悠久的历史中，武术已经发展成为一种集锻炼、自我保护和艺术于一体的特殊形式。根据“Over its long history”可知，时态为现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has，故填has developed。 5．本题考查冠词。句意：作为一种体育运动和艺术形式，武术在中国广受欢迎。根据“artistic form”可知，此处泛指一种艺术形式，artistic是以元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用an，故填an。 6．本题考查时态。句意：每项训练都要求学生认真对待。本文主体时态是一般现在时，根据“Every training”可知，谓语动词用第三人称单数requires，故填requires。 7．本题考查代词。句意：只有通过刻苦训练，他们才能强身健体，迎接未来的挑战。根据“bodies”可知，此处用形容词性物主代词their，修饰名词，故填their。 8．本题考查副词。句意：武术作为一项极具健身价值的竞技体育项目，在世界范围内广泛传播。此处修饰动词spread，用副词形式，故填widely。 9．本题考查介词。句意：许多中国人在国外开办武术学校，为人们提供体验这项奇妙运动的机会。provide sb. with sth.“为某人提供某物”，故填with。 10．本题考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年杭州亚运会期间，更多的人能够欣赏到武术之美。be able to do sth.“能够做某事”，故填to enjoy。 $$ 专题03 非谓语动词讲练 ( 语法解析 ) 非谓语动词是动词的非谓语形式，在句子中不能单独作谓语。 包括动词不定式(to do)、动名词(doing)和分词(-ing,-ed)三种形式；其中分词又包含现在分词和过去分词两种形式。 动词不定式 形式：动词不定式基本形式由“to do”构成。它的否定形式“not to do”。有时可以省略to，这里的to 是不定式符号，本身无词义。help sb.(to) do sth. make sb. do sth. 2.不定式的基本用法 用法 说明 例句 作 主 语 动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末,避免句子头重脚轻。其结构为It+be+adj.+to do sth. To learn English well is useful. =It is useful to learn English well. 如果要说明不定式表示的动作的执行者,可以在不定式前加一个for短语。其结构为It+be+adj.+for sb.+to do sth. It is good for you to go out for a walk. 某些表示人的品质、特征等的形容词(如kind,good,nice,wise,clever,polite等)作表语时,不定式之前可以加一个of短语,用来说明动作的执行者。其结构为It+be+adj.+of sb.+to do sth. It’s not polite of him to speak to old people like that. 两个或两个以上的动词不定式并列时,第一个不定式带to,后面的不定式通常省略to To go to sleep early and get up early is a good habit. 作 宾 语 不定式用在及物动词后作宾语,常见的及物动词有:begin,choose,continue,decide,expect,fail,forget,hate,help,hope,learn,manage,mean,need,offer,plan,prefer,pretend,promise,refuse,try,afford,agree,start,like等 I can’t afford to buy a digital camera at the moment. 在find,think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在后面 I find it easy to read English every day. 作 宾 语 补 足 语 常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:want,ask,tell,allow,get,would like,advise,encourage等 My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补,这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有:一感(feel)、二听(hear,listen to)、三让(let,make,have)、四看(look at,see,watch,notice)。但变被动语态时必须加上to I often hear Li Ming sing in the next room. 动词help后面的不定式,既可以带to,也可以不带to You must help me(to)do my homework this afternoon. 作 定 语 作定语的不定式,要放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后 I have some clothes to wash. 如果不定式是不及物动词,且与它所修饰的词构成逻辑上的被动关系,则不定式要加上相应的介词 He is looking for a room to live in. We have a lot of things to talk about. 当不定式修饰的名词是time,place或way时,不定式后面习惯上省略介词 My grandma had no place to live(in)in the old days. 不定式修饰 something,anything,nothing时,放在它们的后面,如果something,anything,nothing有形容词修饰,词序是“something/anything/nothing+形容词+不定式” I had something cold to drink. 作 状 语 不定式作目的状语时可放在句首或句尾 To be a good student,one must study hard. 和某些形容词连用构成“be+形容词+不定式”结构,作原因状语 We are sorry to trouble you. 作程度或结果状语时,常与enough(表示肯定)或too(表示否定)连用 He is old enough to go to school. He is too young to go to school. 作表语 表示主语的“职业、职责或性质”等,通常对连系动词前面的名词进行解释说明 His wish is to become a doctor. 和疑问 词连用 不定式常和疑问词what,which,when,where,how连用,在句中担当主语、宾语、表语等成分 He didn􀆳t know where to go. =He didn􀆳t know where he should go. 动词不定式的特殊句型: ①too…to… “太……而不能……”。 如：The boy is too young to look after himself. 那个男孩太小而不能照顾自己。 ②…enough to…“……足够……”。 如：He is old enough to go to school. 他足够大能去上学了。 ③Why don’t you +省略to的不定式？=Why not +省略to的不定式？为什么不……呢？ 如：Why don't you get her a photo album? =Why not get her a photo album? 为什么不给她买个相册呢？ ④had better+（not）+省略to的不定式。最好（不要）做…… 如：You'd better not stay here today. 你今天最好别待在这儿。 ⑤Will you please+省略to的不定式?你愿意……吗？ 如：Will you please close the door? 能请你把门关上吗？ ⑥prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. “宁愿做某事而不愿做某事” 如：I prefer to do more work rather than do nothing at home.我宁愿做更多的工作也不愿在家无所事事。 ⑦It is+adj.+for/of sb.+to do.“做某事是……的” 如：It is necessary for us to brush our teeth twice a day.一天刷两次牙对我们是有必要的。 It+be+形容词+不定式 It’s hard to say which one is better.很难说哪一个更好。 It+be+名词+不定式 It was great fun to have a picnic there. 在那里野餐很有意思。 It+动词+名词/副词+不定式 It took me 2 hours to finish my homework. 完成作业花了我两个小时的时间。 ( 随堂训练 ) 1. Mrs Smith warned her daughter ________ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive 2. They would not allow him ________ across the enemy line. A. to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going 3. I saw him _______ out of the room. A. go B. had gone C. has gone D. goes 4. Though he had often made his little sister _____, today he was made _____by his little sister. A. cry；to cry B. crying；crying C. cry；cry D. to cry；cry 5. There’re so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind _____ to buy. A. what B. which C. how D. where 6. She pretended _______ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen 7.--- The light in the office is still on. --- Oh, I forgot _______. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off 8. I prefer ____ rather than ______. A. read；watch B. to read；watch C. reading；to watch D. to read；to watch 动名词 1.动名词由动词原形加词尾“ing”构成。 2.动名词有动词的特征,可以跟宾语,可以被状语修饰；它也有名词的特征,在句子中可以作主语、宾语(包括介词宾语)等。 功能 例句 说明 主语 Eating too much is bad for your health. 谓语动词用单数形式。 动词宾语 介词宾语 I like playing basketball very much.我非常喜欢打篮球。 Stamps are used for sending letters.邮票是被用来寄信的。 表示一般的习惯或抽象行为或经常性的动作。 表语 His hobby is collecting stamps. =Collecting stamps is his hobby. 多数情况下，动名词作表语可转化成作主语。 定语 She is in the reading room.她在阅览室。 We should improve our teaching methods. 只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等。置于所修饰词之前。 3.动名词的用法 1作主语 单独作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；如果并列的动名词(短语)作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式。如： Reading in bed is not good for your eyes.在床上看书对你的眼睛不好。 Reading and writing are necessary for us. 读书和写作对我们很有必要。 2作表语 动名词(短语)作表语可以转化为动名词(短语)作主语。如： His favorite sport is playing ping-pong.＝Playing ping-pong is his favorite sport.他最喜欢的运动是打乒乓球。 3作宾语 动词宾语, 多用来表示习惯性动作。如： I like playing football very much.我非常喜欢踢足球。 常跟动名词作宾语的动词有 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 enjoy喜欢 mind 介意 finish 完成 keep持续 suggest 建议 practice 练习 consider考虑 miss错过 imagine想象 avoid避免 can’t help忍不住 go on 继续 be worth值得 be busy忙于 give up放弃 succeed in成功，设法 look forward to期待 be used to习惯于 end up以……结束 put off推迟 pay attention to注意 be interested in对……感兴趣 4.注意：含有介词to的固定短语 make (a) contribution (s) to 为……做贡献 devote oneself to 献身，致力于…… look forward to 期待，盼望 prefer...to... 比起……更喜欢…… be used to... 习惯……，适应…… pay attention to注意 5.某些动词后接不定式和动名词的区别 1.forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 forget to do sth.忘记要做某事（未做） I forget to bring my homework.我忘记带作业了。 I forget bringing my homework.我忘记已把作业带来了。 2.remember doing sth.记得做过某事 remember to do sth.记得去做某事（未做） Please remember to post my letter.请记得把我的信寄走。 I remember posting your letter.我记得把你的信寄出去了。 3.try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力做某事 Please try to do better next time.下次请设法做得更好些。 He tried speaking in English.他试着用英语讲。 4.hear/see sb. doing sth.听见/看见某人正在做某事 hear/see sb. do sth. 听见/看见某人做了某事 I often see him play football 我经常看见他踢球 I saw him playing football went I passed 当我经过的时候，我看见他正在踢球 5.Stop to do sth 停下去做某事 Stop doing sth 停止做某事 Stop to think about it for a moment.停下来想一下这件事。 Stop talking, please.请不要说话。 6.Mean to do sth 打算做某事 Mean doing sth 意味着 I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.我想去,但我父亲不肯让我去。 Doing that means wasting time.做那件事意味着浪费时间。 分词 1.包含现在分词（-ing）和过去分词(-ed)。 主要区别：现在分词一般有主动或表示动作正在进行的意思；过去分词有被动或动作已经完 成的意思。分词可以有自己的宾语或状语。 2.分词或分词短语在句子中作定语、状语和复合宾语等。 （1）作定语：分词作定语时,一般要放在修饰的名词之前,分词短语作定语时,则要放在所修饰的名词之后。 如：I have got a running nose.(我流鼻涕) The woman running after the thief shouted very loudly.(跟着小偷追的妇女大喊！) Yesterday I met a man called Mr. Black.(昨天我遇见了一个名叫布莱克先生的人) He only gave me a broken glass,so I was very angry with him.(他只给了我一个坏玻璃杯,所以我很生他的气) （2）现在分词可以作下列动词的宾语补足语。(参考不定式作宾语补足语) 谓语动词(vt.) 宾语 宾语补足语 keep(保持) / see(看到) / hear(听到) / watch(注意到) / feel(感觉到) sb./sth. (do)ing 如：Mum kept me working all the week.(妈妈让我一个星期都在工作) When I entered the room,I saw Jack eating a big pear.(我进入房间时看到杰克正在吃一只大梨子) In the dark I felt something very cold moving on my foot.(黑暗之中我感到有个冷的东西在我的脚上移动) （3）现在分词可以作状语,表示伴随情况。 如：She came into the classroom,holding a pile of papers in her hand.(他走进教室,手上抓着一沓纸) I am very busy these days getting ready for the coming oral test.(这些日子我正忙着准备即将来到的口语考试) （4）过去分词可以作表语,放在连系动词后面,但要注意不要与被动语态混淆,“主系表”主要表示状态,而被动语态则表示动作。 常用过去分词作表语的结构有：be worried (焦虑) / be pleased (高兴) / be tired (疲劳) / get dressed (打扮好) / get lost (迷路) / get caught (遭遇) / become frustrated (沮丧) / become intereted in (对…感兴趣)等等。 （5）过去分词可以作宾语补足语。如：I had my hair cut this morning.(今天早上我让人给我理了发)(注意：have sth. done表示动作由别人来做,而have done sth.则为现在完成时的结构,两个结构不可以混淆) 3.现在分词与过去分词的区别 1.在语态上,现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词表示被动意义。 the surprising news令人惊讶的消息 a surprised man一个感到惊讶的人 a moving film一部感人的电影 the moved people被感动的人们 2.在时间上,现在分词表示正在进行的动作,过去分词表示已经完成的动作。 the developing country发展中国家 the developed country发达国家 the rising sun正在升起的太阳 the risen sun升起来的太阳 4.易混句式have sb.do sth.,have sb.doing sth.和have sth. done的区别 1.have sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”,have可以用let,make代替。不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作,且强调动作已经完成或尚未发生。 The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father.士兵们让这个男孩背对他的父亲站着。 2.have sb. doing sth.表示“使某人作出某种反应”或“劝说/命令某人做某事”;用于否定句时表示“允许/容忍某人做某事”。 Within minutes he had the whole audience laughing and clapping.短短几分钟内他就令全体观众欢笑、鼓掌。 3.have sth.done意为“让某事被别人做”,即ask sb.else to do sth.,过去分词(done)所表示的动作由他人(非主语本身)来完成。 The driver had his car washed once a week.这个司机一周让人洗一次车。 ( 综合训练 ) 一．单项选择 1．There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means money ______ for medical research has been well spent. A．used B．using C．to use D．to be used 2．Several years ago they found in England a tomb of a man ____ from around 2,300 B．C． A．dated B．dating C．dates D．to date 3．Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ________ from the library A．to borrow B．borrowed C．to be borrowed D．borrowing 4．More highways have been built in China, _____ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. A．making B．made C．to make D．having made 5．"We can't go out in this weather, "said Bob, _____ out of the window. A．looking B．to look C．looked D．having looked 6.After long years of war, many people in Syria are homeless. I think it important a peaceful world.  A.build B.not build C.to build D.not to build 7.My parents don’t allow me late.  A.stay up B.to stay up C.stays up D.staying up 8.We have worked so long. Shall we stop a rest?  A.have B.to having C.having D.to have 9.Mr.Smith told his son the football match because of the exam.  A.not to watch B.to not watch C.not watching D.doesn’t watch 10.Nowadays, it’s convenient and cheap for us a shared-bicycle. A. ride B. to ride C. flying D. to fly 11.The Smiths have decided a house near the sea. A. buy B. bought C. buying D. to buy 12.The students are used to physical exercises in the morning.  A.do B.doing C.did D.have done 13.Smoking is not allowed here. Don’t forget your cigarette.  A.to put out B.putting out C.to put off D.putting off 14.It took my sister three hours reading this interesting story.  A.to finish B.finished C.finishing D.finish 15.—Why is Li Ming practicing speaking English? — abroad for further study.  A.Go B.Gone C.To go D.Goes 二．正确形式填空 1.We must take action to prevent pollution (live) a better life. 2.Many teenagers enjoy (ride) shared bikes along the Binhu Road for fun. 3.They couldn’t stop (laugh) when they watched the funny show. 4.He spent two hours (tie) all the packages with string. 5. (relaxed) on the beach after visiting it made them feel really good. 6.To learn English well, we must practice (speak) English as much as possible. 7.I carried on (do) my homework after a rest. 8.The job of the volunteer is (help) the people in need. 9.We couldn’t wait (get) off the bus because of the heavy rain. 10.My sister often goes to school without (have) breakfast. 11.The runner kept (run) until he got to the finishing line. 12.In fact, Gulliver didn’t know how (get) away. 13.She once dreamed of a ticket to travel to Beijing alone. (book) 14.Life was different, but I managed (get) used to it. 15.My father does well in almost everything except (tie) his own tie. 16.By (train) local doctors and nurses, we hope to help more people. 17.Johnny is such a humorous person that every time he tells jokes, we can’t stop (laugh). 18.Everyone had better avoid (cross) the road when the traffic light is red. 19.Before running, the boy refused (tie) his shoes. Unluckily, he fell over. 20.The young woman has trouble (communicate) with foreigners. 三．完成句子 1.我已经决定如何处理这些书了。 I what to these books. 2.他从未梦想过采访那位世界著名的歌手。 He that world-famous singer. 3.用微信保持联系是年轻人所喜欢的一种方式。 through WeChat is a way that young people like. 4.Kitty them and ran after couldn’t taking stop photos . 5.你已经决定怎么处理这些书了吗？ Have you decided with these books yet? 6.在翻译完这么多页后，我筋疲力尽了，什么都不想做。 I so many pages and I don’t want to do anything. 7.我叔叔已经习惯在上海工作，但他经常与淮安的朋友保持联系。 My uncle has been in Shanghai. However, he often with the friends in Huai’an. 8.It is a good way to keep diaries in our daily life. It is easy for us to remember things. diaries every day can help us remember things . 9.近年来，越来越多的年轻人已经习惯用微信保持联系了。 More and more young people in touch with each other by using Wechat over the years. 10.我忍不住和琳娜贝尔合影，因为她看起来很可爱。 I couldn’t with LinaBell because she looked cute. 四.动词的非谓语形式填空 A When he was 12, his parents died. He was alone and didn’t get on well with others. No one showed kindness to him. People always laughed at him. His only friend was a dog named Bobby. He gave his dog enough 1.  （eat） and drink, but he was a little rude（粗鲁的） to it sometimes. One day when he was going down the street, he saw a young lady 2.  （walk） in front of him. Suddenly, one of her bags dropped（掉落） from her arms. As she stopped 3.  （pick） it up, she dropped other bags. Jim came to help her. “Thank you, dear! You are a nice little boy!” the lady said kindly and politely, 4.  （smile）. B This summer, when I walked into my grandparents’ house with my little brother Frank, I tried not 5.  （look） at Grandpa’s chair anyway. It still looked the same. His blue blanket was there, as if Grandpa was going to pull it over his legs. My cousin Jack was playing in the yard as if nothing had happened. “Let’s go to catch fish!” Jack carried out the fish net from the corner, Grandpa’s net. Last summer, I was holding the net when Grandpa asked me whether I could help him teach Frank how 6.  （play） chess. I said no because I wanted 7.  （catch） fish. Grandpa had been the one who’d taught us how to catch fish, but then the illness made him 8.  （stay） behind. I regretted 9.  （say） no to Grandpa, and now I wouldn’t have a chance 10.  （play） chess with him. 五．语法填空 How much do you know about Wushu? Wushu, also known as martial arts, is one of the earliest 1 （sport） in China. It uses both body and brain. What's more, Wushu is an outstanding example of 2 （tradition） Chinese cultures. It can explain 3 Chinese people understand the world. Over its long history, Wushu 4 （develop） into a special unity of exercise, self-protection and art. As a sport and 5 artistic form, Wushu has gained great popularity in China. In Shenzhen, some schools have Wushu classes for kids. Every training 6 （require） students to take it seriously. Only by training hard can they build up 7 （they） bodies and meet the challenges in the future. As a competitive sport with great fitness value, Wushu has spread 8 （wide） across the world. Many masters helped make Wushu world-famous. Thanks to them, the word “kung fu” appeared in many foreign language dictionaries. Many Chinese have set up Wushu schools outside China, providing people 9 the chance to experience the fantastic sport. During the Hangzhou Asian Games in 2023, more people were able 10 （enjoy） the beauty of Wushu. $$