专题02 被动语态讲练-【八升九】2025年新九年级英语暑期衔接讲义（人教版）

专题02 被动语态讲练 ( 语法解析 ) 一．被动语态定义：主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。 主动语态改写为被动语态： 主动句： 主语(人/物) + 谓语(及物动词) + 宾语(人/物) + 其他 + 状语 (动作的执行者) (各种时态形式) (动作的承受者) 被动句： 主语(人/物) + 谓语(及物动词) + by +人 / 物 + 其他 + 状语 (动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者) 主动语态： I play basketball. 被动语态：Basketball is played by me. 二、不同时态的被动语态 时态 被动语态 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are+done The classroom is cleaned by us. 一般过去时 was/were+done The kite was made by him. 一般将来时 will/shall+be done Trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 现在进行时 am/is/are+being done The flowers are being watered by her. 过去进行时 was/were+being done A letter was being written by her. 现在完成时 have/has+been done The work has been finished by Jim. 3.含有情态动词的被动语态 结构为“情态动词+be+done”。 Your homework must be finished today.你的作业今天必须完成。 三．被动语态的用法： （1）不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省略by短语。 如：A man was killed in the accident.(一个人死于事故) This window was broken yesterday.(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的) （2）强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。 如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的) A pet dog is never killed by its owner.(宠物狗是不会被主人宰杀的) 四．常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况 （1）主动语态中有些感官动词（如：hear, see, watch, notice等）后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，要把不定式符号to还原，即：hear(see) sb. do sth.→sb. be heard(seen) to do sth.。 We often hear the girl sing in her room in the evening. →The girl is often heard to sing in her room in the evening by us. 晚上我们经常听到那个女孩在她的房间里唱歌。 （2）主动语态中有些使役动词（如：make, let等）后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，同样要把不定式符号to还原，即：make sb. do sth.→sb. be made to do sth.。 主动结构表示被动意义的情况 （1）动词open, read, sell, write等作不及物动词, 且它们的主语为物时。如： The pen writes well. 这支钢笔很好用。 （2）某些连系动词（如smell, look, taste, feel, sound等）描述某物特性时。如： This kind of flower smells sweet. 这种花闻起来很香。 （3）一些动词的主动形式表被动意义。 ①be worth doing中,doing表示被动意义。如： This movie is worth watching. 这部电影值得一看。 ②“need/require+doing”相当于“need/require+to be done”, to be done 是不定式的被动结构。如： Your car needs washing.= Your car needs to be washed. 你的汽车该洗了。 1.This kind of pants well.这种裤子卖得好。  2.That story interesting.那个故事听起来有趣。  3.This book is worth .这本书值得读。  4.My watch needs . 我的表需要修理。 5.This shop is at 8:00 in the morning. 这家商店早上八点开门。 被动语态的技巧指导 （1）根据选项定考点 单项填空对语态的考查均会结合时态，4个选项中一般包含两个主动语态，两个被动语态；而其对时态的考查一般不会涉及语态。因此，如果选项中出现被动语态，即可判断此题考查被动语态，由此便可排除非被动语态的选项。 （2）根据时态选答案 首先，考生需要根据关键词（时间状语）来判断时态。 对于没有关键词的试题，则要根据上下文已经给出的时态、语境理解并结合常识进行判断。 如： —Tell me one thing you’re proud of in your junior high school, Tony. —I ___ as the captain of the school football team. A. choose B. chose C. am chosen D. was chosen 方法点拨 第1步：根据选项A、B为时态，C、D为被动语态可知本题考查被动语态，因此可排除A、B两项。第2步：再根据语境可知，Tony被选为校足球队队长是他初中生活中最值得骄傲的一件事情，说明这是已经发生过的事情，应该用一般过去时。故选D。 ( 随堂训练 ) 一、正确形式填空 1.Xiaomi (expect) to sell a large number of SU7 cars in the coming months by Lei Jun this year. 2.Everyone has to obey the school rules, or you will (punish). 3.The charity (set) up to help people with eye problems last month. 4.—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community? —Wonderful, a lot of useful tips on self-protection (offer). 5.he sports meeting (hold) in our school next week. 6.When you enter the museum, you (take) round it by a guide. Please keep quiet. 7.Speed reading courses (support) by real science at present. 8.Sorry, you can’t go inside until your ID card (show) to us. 9.A charity show (hold) at the school hall this Friday evening. 10.If someone is caught littering in public places, he or she can (fine) for it. 11.More trees (cut) down if more paper is needed in the future. 12.After every detail was (check), Shenzhou-14 manned spaceship was sent up into space on June 5, 2022. 13.We will be (punish) if we take no action to protect the environment. 14.The room is (fill) with the fragrance (芳香) of the flowers. 15.— Mum, excuse me, but when can we have dinner? — Not until it (prepare) in half an hour. 16.The old car was in Germany in the 1960s. （produce） 17.A new big shopping mall (build) in the west of Xinghua next year. 18.Every year a party (hold) to celebrate the lovely boy’s birthday. 19.If the dog (treat) in time, he will be safe soon. 20.Look! Some holes (dig) already. We can put the young trees in them. 二、完成句子 1.上星期天，足球比赛在市体育馆举行。 The football match in the city stadium last Sunday. 2.这阵子的白果巷很漂亮，整条道路都被金色银杏叶覆盖着。 Baiguo Lane is beautiful now. The whole road golden ginkgo leaves. 3.这个男孩受到了他爸爸的惩罚，因为他在家弄出了太多的噪音。 The boy by his father because he made too at home. 4.如果你在森林公园砍树，你将会被警察罚款。 If you in the forest park, you will by the police. 5.如果不按时还书，你将被罚款。 You . 6.在我洗之前，所有衣服将被分成不同的类别。 All the clothes before I wash them. 7.如果你在公共场合抽烟，你将会被罚款。 If you smoke , you . 8.这些废弃物将被送到工厂进行回收利用。 The waste . 9.需要更多的钱来支持和继续这项工程。 More money . 10.志愿者下周在街上向人们散发传单吗？ in the street by volunteers next week? 三、从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 stay plant read make use say drive bring jump speak 1．—Have you heard of the UN Chinese Language Day? —Of course. Chinese ____________ by more and more people around the world nowadays. 2．To make the environment much better, more trees ____________________ next year. 3．When Linda saw the bicycle, she ________ for joy because it was what she wanted. 4．—Has your cousin returned from the USA? —No. She ____________ there for another week. 5．Sorry, buddy. I ____________ at the moment. Can I call you back later? 6．My mind wasn't on what he ____________. So I'm afraid I have missed a lot. 7．This book must be great. My sister __________ it five times. 8．It is reported that the new technology ________________ widely in a short time. 9．The young man was ____ to do heavy work by the boss. 10．Sweet memories were ________ back when I saw these old things. 四.语态填空 A spacesuit is like a small space station. It has everything astronauts need when they carry out a spacewalk. For example, China’s Feitian spacesuits have six layers（层）. Spacesuits 1.  （fill） with air, so they look like they’re puffed up（膨胀的）. The sixth layer is made of special fibers（纤维） that protect astronauts from radiation. Astronauts 2.  （connect） to the space station with safety ropes. The suit has headphones and speakers for astronauts to communicate through. There is also a mirror on the wrist（手腕）. Astronauts can check their suits by looking at it. The first Feitian suit 3.  （make） in 2008. Zhai Zhigang wore it to carry out China’s first spacewalk for about 19 minutes. The suits Chinese astronauts wear today are the second generation（代） of Feitian. It can support walks as long as eight hours and can 4.  （use） more often. Each suit 5.  （cost） around 30 million yuan and it takes four months to make just one! 五．语法填空 The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms. The Spring Equinox （春分）, as 1 fourth term of the year starts on 20 March and ends on 3 April this year. On the day of the Spring Equinox, the Sun is directly above the equator （赤道）. After the equinox, the Sun moves northwards, which results 2 longer daytime in the Northern Hemisphere （半球） and longer nights in the Southern Hemisphere. Here are three of the 3 （thing） you may not know about the Spring Equinox. Standing an egg upright 4 （be） a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox since 4,000 years ago. People practise it 5 （celebrate） the coming of spring. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future. Eating spring vegetables during the Spring Equinox is a tradition in many places of China. Spring vegetables are seasonal vegetables 6 are different from place to place. The ancient teachings of the Chinese classic, Huangdi Neijing, suggest that people eat seasonal foods to help stay 7 （health） and bring good luck. 8 （usual）, rewarding cattle is popular in the southern area of the Yangtze River. As the Spring Equinox comes, farm work starts, and the farmers and the cattle become busy. Farmers will reward cattle with sticky rice balls to express 9 （they） thanks. Meanwhile, to thank the birds for 10 （bring） signals for farm work and to wish them not to eat grains later in the year, people will also offer sacrifices to them. These are what the farmers often do to wish for the harvest of the coming year. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 被动语态讲练 ( 语法解析 ) 一．被动语态定义：主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。 主动语态改写为被动语态： 主动句： 主语(人/物) + 谓语(及物动词) + 宾语(人/物) + 其他 + 状语 (动作的执行者) (各种时态形式) (动作的承受者) 被动句： 主语(人/物) + 谓语(及物动词) + by +人 / 物 + 其他 + 状语 (动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者) 主动语态： I play basketball. 被动语态：Basketball is played by me. 二、不同时态的被动语态 时态 被动语态 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are+done The classroom is cleaned by us. 一般过去时 was/were+done The kite was made by him. 一般将来时 will/shall+be done Trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 现在进行时 am/is/are+being done The flowers are being watered by her. 过去进行时 was/were+being done A letter was being written by her. 现在完成时 have/has+been done The work has been finished by Jim. 3.含有情态动词的被动语态 结构为“情态动词+be+done”。 Your homework must be finished today.你的作业今天必须完成。 三．被动语态的用法： （1）不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省略by短语。 如：A man was killed in the accident.(一个人死于事故) This window was broken yesterday.(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的) （2）强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。 如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的) A pet dog is never killed by its owner.(宠物狗是不会被主人宰杀的) 四．常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况 （1）主动语态中有些感官动词（如：hear, see, watch, notice等）后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，要把不定式符号to还原，即：hear(see) sb. do sth.→sb. be heard(seen) to do sth.。 We often hear the girl sing in her room in the evening. →The girl is often heard to sing in her room in the evening by us. 晚上我们经常听到那个女孩在她的房间里唱歌。 （2）主动语态中有些使役动词（如：make, let等）后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，同样要把不定式符号to还原，即：make sb. do sth.→sb. be made to do sth.。 主动结构表示被动意义的情况 （1）动词open, read, sell, write等作不及物动词, 且它们的主语为物时。如： The pen writes well. 这支钢笔很好用。 （2）某些连系动词（如smell, look, taste, feel, sound等）描述某物特性时。如： This kind of flower smells sweet. 这种花闻起来很香。 （3）一些动词的主动形式表被动意义。 ①be worth doing中,doing表示被动意义。如： This movie is worth watching. 这部电影值得一看。 ②“need/require+doing”相当于“need/require+to be done”, to be done 是不定式的被动结构。如： Your car needs washing.= Your car needs to be washed. 你的汽车该洗了。 1.This kind of pants well.这种裤子卖得好。  2.That story interesting.那个故事听起来有趣。  3.This book is worth .这本书值得读。  4.My watch needs . 我的表需要修理。 5.This shop is at 8:00 in the morning. 这家商店早上八点开门。 【答案】1.　sells　2.　sounds　3.　reading　4.　repairing/to be repaired　5.　opened　 被动语态的技巧指导 （1）根据选项定考点 单项填空对语态的考查均会结合时态，4个选项中一般包含两个主动语态，两个被动语态；而其对时态的考查一般不会涉及语态。因此，如果选项中出现被动语态，即可判断此题考查被动语态，由此便可排除非被动语态的选项。 （2）根据时态选答案 首先，考生需要根据关键词（时间状语）来判断时态。 对于没有关键词的试题，则要根据上下文已经给出的时态、语境理解并结合常识进行判断。 如： —Tell me one thing you’re proud of in your junior high school, Tony. —I ___ as the captain of the school football team. A. choose B. chose C. am chosen D. was chosen 方法点拨 第1步：根据选项A、B为时态，C、D为被动语态可知本题考查被动语态，因此可排除A、B两项。第2步：再根据语境可知，Tony被选为校足球队队长是他初中生活中最值得骄傲的一件事情，说明这是已经发生过的事情，应该用一般过去时。故选D。 ( 随堂训练 ) 一、正确形式填空 1.Xiaomi (expect) to sell a large number of SU7 cars in the coming months by Lei Jun this year. 【答案】is/was expected 【详解】句意：雷军今年预计，小米将在未来几个月销售大量SU7汽车。主语与动词expect是被动关系，时态可以是一般现在时也可以是一般过去时，主语是单数，be动词用is/was，is/was expected符合句意，故填is/was expected。 2.Everyone has to obey the school rules, or you will (punish). 【答案】be punished 【详解】句意：每个人都必须遵守校规，否则你会受到惩罚。根据“Everyone has to obey the school rules, or you will…”可知，此处指每个人都必须遵守校规，否则你会受到惩罚；主语“you”与动词“punish”之间为动宾关系，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be done”，空前为will，空处应填be punished。故填be punished。 3.The charity (set) up to help people with eye problems last month. 【答案】was set 【详解】句意：这个慈善机构是上个月成立的，目的是帮助有眼疾的人。set up“设立”，动词短语；根据语境“机构是被设立”，应用被动语态；再根据“last month”可知时态为一般过去时，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were done；主语“The charity”为单数，应用was，set的过去分词为set。故填was set。 4.—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community? —Wonderful, a lot of useful tips on self-protection (offer). 【答案】were offered 【详解】句意：——你对昨天社区的活动有什么看法？——很棒，提供了很多有用的自我保护技巧。根据主语“a lot of useful tips on self-protection”与提示词可知，主语是动词的承受者，因此应用被动语态，根据“yesterday’s activity”可知，时态为一般过去时，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，构成为was/ were done，主语为tips为复数形式，因此用were offered“被提供”，故填were offered。 5.he sports meeting (hold) in our school next week. 【答案】will be held 【详解】句意：运动会将于下周在我校举行。主语“The sports meeting”与谓语动词“hold”之间为动宾关系，此处应用被动语态，根据时间状语“next week”可知，时态为一般将来时，谓语动词结构为will be+过去分词，hold的过去分词形式为held。故填will be held。 6.When you enter the museum, you (take) round it by a guide. Please keep quiet. 【答案】will be taken 【详解】句意：当你进入博物馆时，你将由导游带着参观。请保持安静。根据题干可知，主语you是动作的承受者；by a guide被导游（带着参观），由此可推知，应用被动语态be+及物动词的过去分词，即be taken。同时根据题意可知，“当你进入博物馆的时候，由导游带领参观，要保持安静”是将来的动作，when引导的时间状语从句，动作在将来要遵循主将从现的原则，所以take要用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be taken。 7.Speed reading courses (support) by real science at present. 【答案】are supported 【详解】句意：目前，快速阅读课程是有真实科学支撑的。support“支持”，动词原型，根据“Speed reading courses...(support) by real science at present.”可知，快速阅读课程是support的承受者，这里要用动词的被动语态，再加上speed reading courses是复数和at present可知时态为一般现在时，所以要用are done，support的过去分词是supported。故填are supported。 8.Sorry, you can’t go inside until your ID card (show) to us. 【答案】is shown 【详解】句意：对不起，在出示身份证之前，您不能进去。until引导的条件状语从句中的主语your ID card与谓语show之间是被动关系，根据语境可知，此处是一般现在时的被动语态be done，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is shown。 9.A charity show (hold) at the school hall this Friday evening. 【答案】will be held 【详解】句意：本周五晚上将在学校礼堂举行慈善演出。根据“this Friday evening”可知，时态为一般将来时，又因“A charity show”与“hold”之间为被动关系，谓语用一般将来时的被动语态，主语A charity show为第三人称单数，即“will be+过去分词”的结构，held为hold的过去分词。故填will be held。 10.If someone is caught littering in public places, he or she can (fine) for it. 【答案】be fined 【详解】句意：如果有人被抓到在公共场所乱扔垃圾，他或她可能会因此被罚款。主语“he or she”和动词“fine”是动宾关系，可知句子是含情态动词的被动语态。故填be fined。 11.More trees (cut) down if more paper is needed in the future. 【答案】will be cut 【详解】句意：如果未来需要更多的纸，那么更多的树就会被砍伐。主语“More trees”与动词cut之间是动宾关系，if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，此处用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done，cut的过去分词cut。故填will be cut。 12.After every detail was (check), Shenzhou-14 manned spaceship was sent up into space on June 5, 2022. 【答案】checked 【详解】句意：在检查了所有细节后，神舟十四号载人飞船于2022年6月5日发射升空。主语every detail与动词check之间是被动关系，此空应填过去分词与was构成一般过去时被动语态，故填checked。 13.We will be (punish) if we take no action to protect the environment. 【答案】punished 【详解】句意：如果我们不采取措施保护环境，我们会受到惩罚的。主语“We”与动词“punish”是被动关系，因此应用被动语态“be done”，动词“punish”需变为过去分词“punished”。故填punished。 14.The room is (fill) with the fragrance (芳香) of the flowers. 【答案】filled 【详解】句意：这个房间充满了花香。主语“The room”和动词“fill”是被动关系，因此需用被动语态“be done”，动词需变为过去分词“filled”，“be filled with”表示“充满……”。故填filled。 15.— Mum, excuse me, but when can we have dinner? — Not until it (prepare) in half an hour. 【答案】is prepared 【详解】句意：——妈妈，打扰一下，我们什么时候可以吃饭？——半小时后才能做好。根据it和谓语动词prepare可知，两者是被动关系，until引导时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，因此此句用一般现在时的被动语态，is prepared符合句意，故填is prepared。 16.The old car was in Germany in the 1960s. （produce） 【答案】produced 【详解】句意：这辆旧车是20世纪60年代在德国生产的。根据“The old car was…in Germany in the 1960s.”可知，此处主语和动词之间为被动关系，使用被动语态“be done”，此处填过去分词produced“生产”，故填produced。 17.A new big shopping mall (build) in the west of Xinghua next year. 【答案】will be built 【详解】句意：明年，兴化西部将新建一座大型购物中心。由时间状语“next year”可知此句时态为一般将来时。根据“A new big shopping mall…in the west of Xinghua next year.”可知主语“A new big shopping mall”和谓语动词“build”之间是被动关系，用被动语态。此句是一般将来时的被动语态（will be done），build的过去分词是built，故填will be built。 18.Every year a party (hold) to celebrate the lovely boy’s birthday. 【答案】is held 【详解】句意：每年都要举行一个聚会来庆祝这个可爱的男孩的生日。根据every year可知，此句用一般现在时，主语party与动词hold之间是被动关系，故此处用一般现在时被动语态be done的结构，主语party是单数形式，助动词用is，故填is held。 19.If the dog (treat) in time, he will be safe soon. 【答案】is treated 【详解】句意：如果这条狗被及时治疗，他很快就会安全的。根据语境和句意可知，此句是被动语态。本句也是if引导的件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主语为“the dog”，故be动词用单数is。故填is treated。 20.Look! Some holes (dig) already. We can put the young trees in them. 【答案】have been dug 【详解】句意：看！有些洞已经被挖好了。我们可以把树苗放进去。根据“already”可知，时态为现在完成时，主语“Some holes”和动词“dig”是被动关系，故此处要用现在完成时的被动语态，结构为have been done；主语“Some holes”表示复数，助动词用have，dig的过去分词为dug，故填have been dug。 二、完成句子 1.上星期天，足球比赛在市体育馆举行。 The football match in the city stadium last Sunday. 【答案】was held 【详解】hold“举行”，动词hold与主语“The football match”之间是被动关系，结合“last Sunday”，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态“was done”，hold的过去分词是held。故填was held。 2.这阵子的白果巷很漂亮，整条道路都被金色银杏叶覆盖着。 Baiguo Lane is beautiful now. The whole road golden ginkgo leaves. 【答案】is covered with 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“被……覆盖”的英文。be covered with意为“被……覆盖”，固定搭配。主语The whole road与核心动词cover之间为被动关系，根据“is”可知，需一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用is。故填is covered with。 3.这个男孩受到了他爸爸的惩罚，因为他在家弄出了太多的噪音。 The boy by his father because he made too at home. 【答案】 was punished much noise 【详解】根据所给句意可知，第一空处表示“受到处罚”，应用被动语态，根据“because he made”可知，用一般过去时，其构成为“was/were done”，主语“The boy”表示单数，用was构成，惩罚“punish”，动词，第一空填was punished；第二空表示“太多噪音”，用短语too much noise。故填was punished；much noise。 4.如果你在森林公园砍树，你将会被警察罚款。 If you in the forest park, you will by the police. 【答案】 cut down the trees/cut down trees/cut the trees down/cut trees down be fined 【详解】根据中英文对照可知， 此处缺少“砍树”和“被罚款”。分析句子可知，句子是由if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，即主句为一般将来时，从句为一般现在时。cut  down“砍树”，固定短语；trees“树”，名词，可位于短语之间或之后；由“will…by the police”可知，应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be+过去分词，fine“罚款”。故填cut down (the) trees/cut (the) trees down；be fined。 5.如果不按时还书，你将被罚款。 You . 【答案】will be fined if you don’t return books on time 【详解】if“如果”，引导条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，return“归还”，book“书本”，不止一本，用复数名词；on time“按时”，fine“罚款”，主语you与谓语fine之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，故填will be fined if you don’t return books on time。 6.在我洗之前，所有衣服将被分成不同的类别。 All the clothes before I wash them. 【答案】will be separated into different groups 【详解】根据中文句意和英文提示可知，此句为before引导的时间状语从句，从句为一般现在时，主句应为含有will 的一般将来时。再结合中文中“被分成……”，因此此处应用一般将来时的被动结构。“被分成”be separated into；“不同的”different；“类别”group（可数名词）。故填will be separated into different groups。 7.如果你在公共场合抽烟，你将会被罚款。 If you smoke , you . 【答案】 in public places will be fined 【详解】“在公共场合”in public places，“罚款”fine，被动语态是be fined，if引导的条件状语从句符合“主将从现”的时态规则，主句用一般将来时，即第二空是一般将来时的被动语态will be done，所以是will be fined。故填in public places；will be fined。 8.这些废弃物将被送到工厂进行回收利用。 The waste . 【答案】will be sent to the factory for recycling 【详解】分析题干可知，此处是为一般将来时的被动语态。结构为：主语+will be+动词的过去分词+其它。be sent to“被送往……”；the factory“工厂”；for表示目的；recycle“回收利用”，位于介词后，应用动名词作宾语。故填will be sent to the factory for recycling。 9.需要更多的钱来支持和继续这项工程。 More money . 【答案】is needed to support and carry on with the project 【详解】need“需要”，钱是被需要的，此处应用一般现在时的被动结构，主语money是不可数名词，be动词用is，support and carry on with the project“支持和继续这项工程”，此处表示目的，应用不定式形式，故填is needed to support and carry on with the project。 10.志愿者下周在街上向人们散发传单吗？ in the street by volunteers next week? 【答案】Will the leaflets be handed out to people 【详解】the leaflets“传单”，hand out to sb.“散发给某人”，people“人们”；主语“the leaflets”和谓语hand out是被动关系，结合“next week”可知，应用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be done，助动词will应提到主语前，构成一般疑问句。故填Will the leaflets be handed out to people。 三、从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 stay plant read make use say drive bring jump speak 1．—Have you heard of the UN Chinese Language Day? —Of course. Chinese ____________ by more and more people around the world nowadays. 2．To make the environment much better, more trees ____________________ next year. 3．When Linda saw the bicycle, she ________ for joy because it was what she wanted. 4．—Has your cousin returned from the USA? —No. She ____________ there for another week. 5．Sorry, buddy. I ____________ at the moment. Can I call you back later? 6．My mind wasn't on what he ____________. So I'm afraid I have missed a lot. 7．This book must be great. My sister __________ it five times. 8．It is reported that the new technology ________________ widely in a short time. 9．The young man was ____ to do heavy work by the boss. 10．Sweet memories were ________ back when I saw these old things. [答案]1．is spoken2．will be planted3．jumped4．will stay5．am driving6．was saying7．has read8．will be used 9．Made10．brought 四.语态填空 A spacesuit is like a small space station. It has everything astronauts need when they carry out a spacewalk. For example, China’s Feitian spacesuits have six layers（层）. Spacesuits 1.  （fill） with air, so they look like they’re puffed up（膨胀的）. The sixth layer is made of special fibers（纤维） that protect astronauts from radiation. Astronauts 2.  （connect） to the space station with safety ropes. The suit has headphones and speakers for astronauts to communicate through. There is also a mirror on the wrist（手腕）. Astronauts can check their suits by looking at it. The first Feitian suit 3.  （make） in 2008. Zhai Zhigang wore it to carry out China’s first spacewalk for about 19 minutes. The suits Chinese astronauts wear today are the second generation（代） of Feitian. It can support walks as long as eight hours and can 4.  （use） more often. Each suit 5.  （cost） around 30 million yuan and it takes four months to make just one! [答案]1．are filled2．are connected3．was made4．be used5．costs [解析] 1．句意：宇航服充满了空气，所以它们看起来像是膨胀的。Spacesuits为复数且与fill为被动关系，应用被动语态，且此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填are filled。 2．此句描述一般事实，时态应用一般现在时。主语Astronauts为复数，与connect为被动关系，故填are connected。 3．2008年是过去的时间，The first Feitian suit与make为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，由于主语为单数，be动词用was，故填was made。 4．句意：它可以支持长达八小时的（太空）漫步，并且能被更频繁地使用。can为情态动词，主语It指the second generation of Feitian，与use为被动关系，用被动语态，故填be used。 5．此处表示每套宇航服花费约三千万元，由下文的takes可知用一般现在时，故填costs。 五．语法填空 The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms. The Spring Equinox （春分）, as 1 fourth term of the year starts on 20 March and ends on 3 April this year. On the day of the Spring Equinox, the Sun is directly above the equator （赤道）. After the equinox, the Sun moves northwards, which results 2 longer daytime in the Northern Hemisphere （半球） and longer nights in the Southern Hemisphere. Here are three of the 3 （thing） you may not know about the Spring Equinox. Standing an egg upright 4 （be） a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox since 4,000 years ago. People practise it 5 （celebrate） the coming of spring. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future. Eating spring vegetables during the Spring Equinox is a tradition in many places of China. Spring vegetables are seasonal vegetables 6 are different from place to place. The ancient teachings of the Chinese classic, Huangdi Neijing, suggest that people eat seasonal foods to help stay 7 （health） and bring good luck. 8 （usual）, rewarding cattle is popular in the southern area of the Yangtze River. As the Spring Equinox comes, farm work starts, and the farmers and the cattle become busy. Farmers will reward cattle with sticky rice balls to express 9 （they） thanks. Meanwhile, to thank the birds for 10 （bring） signals for farm work and to wish them not to eat grains later in the year, people will also offer sacrifices to them. These are what the farmers often do to wish for the harvest of the coming year. 本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了中国传统二十四节气中的春分。 [答案]1．the 2．in 3．things 4．has been 5．to celebrate6．which/that 7．healthy 8．Usually 9．their 10．bringing [解析] 1．本题考查冠词。句意：春分，作为一年中的第四个节气，今年于3月20日开始，4月3日结束。根据“fourth”可知，应是第四个节气，序数词前填定冠词，故填the。 2．本题考查介词。句意：春分之后，太阳向北移动，导致北半球白天变长，南半球夜晚变长。根据“which results”以及“longer daytime in the Northern Hemisphere and longer nights in the Southern Hemisphere”可知，太阳北移会导致北半球白天变长，南半球夜晚变长，result in“导致”，故填in。 3．本题考查名词。句意：以下是关于春分你可能不知道的三件事。根据“Here are three of the”可知，设空处应填名词复数things，故填things。 4．本题考查时态。句意：从4000年前开始，在春分时节立蛋就成了全国各地流行的一种游戏。根据“a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox since 4,000 years ago”可知，该句是现在完成时，且主语“Standing an egg upright”是单数，故填has been。 5．本题考查非谓语动词。句意：人们这样做来庆祝春天的到来。根据“the coming of spring”可知，是庆祝春天的到来，设空处作目的状语，填所给词的不定式形式to celebrate“庆祝”，故填to celebrate。 6．本题考查定语从句关系代词。句意：春天的蔬菜是时令蔬菜，各地不同。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“seasonal vegetables”，先行词为物，关系代词在从句中作主语，因此关系代词填which/that。 7．本题考查形容词。句意：中国古典名著《黄帝内经》中的古老教义建议人们吃应季食物，以保持健康并带来好运。根据“stay”可知，后填形容词，stay healthy“保持健康”，故填healthy。 8．本题考查副词。句意：通常，犒赏牛在长江以南地区很流行。根据“rewarding cattle is popular in the southern area of the Yangtze River”可知，设空处要填副词，修饰整个句子，故填Usually。 9．本题考查代词。句意：农民们会用糯米团犒劳耕牛来表达他们的谢意。根据“express”以及“thanks”可知，应是表达他们的谢意，因此设空处填所给词的形容词性物主代词形式their，修饰名词thanks, 故填their。 10．本题考查动词的-ing形式。句意：同时，为了感谢鸟儿为农活带来的信号，并希望它们在今年晚些时候不要吃谷物，人们也会祭祀它们。设空处前为介词“for”，因此需填动词的-ing形式，故填bringing。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$