专题23 语言运用之完形填空-2025年暑假新高一英语衔接学习与能力提升专练(通用版)

2025年暑假新高一英语衔接学习系列 专题23 语言运用之完形填空 高中英语完形填空试题考查考生的综合语言运用能力，包括对文体的理解、词汇和句法的掌握、语篇的分析、语用和逻辑的推理以及文化背景知识的了解。学生在学习的过程中，要针对不同的题型和文体进行有针对性的训练，掌握有效的解答策略，提高完形填空的解题能力。 一、文体类型及语篇分析 （一）记叙文（Narrative） 【语篇特点】 以时间或事件发展为线索，包含人物、事件、情感变化，语言生动，常涉及动作描写和对话。 【语篇示例】 One morning, I was running late for school. As I rushed down the stairs, I tripped and fell, scraping my knee badly. Tears welled up in my eyes, but I didn't have time to cry. I grabbed my backpack and dashed out the door. When I arrived at school, my teacher noticed my injury and took me to the nurse's office. The nurse cleaned my wound and bandaged it, saying, "You're very brave." That simple compliment made me feel better, and I realized that kindness can heal more than just physical pain. 【语篇分析】 结构：按 "起因（迟到）— 经过（摔倒受伤）— 结果（老师和护士的关怀）" 展开，时间状语（one morning, when）串联事件。 设空点：可能在动作动词（rushed, tripped, dashed）、情感形容词（brave）、逻辑连接词（but, and）处设题，考查对事件连贯性的理解。 （二）说明文（Expository） 【语篇特点】 客观介绍事物特征、原理或过程，结构严谨，常用定义、举例、对比等说明方法，语言准确规范。 【语篇示例】 The process of photosynthesis is vital for plants. First, leaves absorb sunlight through chlorophyll, which converts light energy into chemical energy. Next, plants take in carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil. Using the stored chemical energy, they combine these substances to produce glucose, a type of sugar that serves as food for the plant. Finally, oxygen is released as a by-product, which is essential for human and animal life. 【语篇分析】 结构：按 "总---分" 顺序，用 first, next, finally 等连接词呈现光合作用的步骤。 设空点：可能在说明性动词（absorb, convert, produce）、逻辑顺序词、专业术语（chlorophyll, glucose）处设题，考查对科学过程的逻辑理解。 （三）议论文（Argumentative） 【语篇特点】 提出观点，通过论据（事实、数据、例子）论证，结构为 "论点 — 论据 — 结论"，语言逻辑性强，常用转折、递进等连接词。 【语篇示例】 Some people argue that online learning lacks the effectiveness of traditional classrooms. However, research shows that students can learn more efficiently online if they manage their time wisely. For instance, online courses offer flexible schedules, allowing students to review lessons at their own pace. Additionally, interactive platforms provide instant access to educational resources, promoting independent learning. Therefore, the key to successful online learning lies in self-discipline, not the learning format itself. 【语篇分析】 结构：先提出反论点（online learning 无效），再用 however 引出正面论据（灵活时间、资源获取），最后得出结论。 设空点：可能在观点词（argue, believe）、转折词（however, but）、例证词（for instance, additionally）处设题，考查对论点论证逻辑的把握。 二、题型设置及分析 （一）词汇辨析题 【考查要点】近义词、同根词或形近词在语境中的差异。 【考查举例】She ______ the book from the shelf and began to read. A. took B. brought C. carried D. fetched [答题简析] 语境：从书架上 "取下" 书，强调 "从某处拿走"。 辨析：take（拿走，无方向），bring（带来），carry（搬运，强调动作），fetch（去取来，往返）。 答案：A（took the book from the shelf 符合 "取下" 的动作）。 （二）语篇衔接题 【考查要点】代词、过渡词、重复词汇等衔接手段。 【考查举例】Many people enjoy traveling. ______, planning a trip can be stressful. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise [答题简析] 逻辑关系：前句 "喜欢旅行" 与后句 "计划有压力" 为转折关系。 选项：However（转折），Therefore（因果），Moreover（递进），Otherwise（否则）。 答案：A（体现前后句的对比）。 （三）固定搭配题 【考查要点】动词 + 介词、名词 + 形容词、习语等固定用法。 【考查举例】He is always ready to help others, which makes him popular ______ his classmates. A. with B. in C. for D. among [答题简析] 搭配：be popular with/among sb.（受某人欢迎），两者均可，但 among 更强调 "在群体中"。 答案：D（among his classmates 指在同学群体中）。 （四）逻辑推理题 【考查要点】通过上下文因果、转折、递进等关系推断答案。 【考查举例】It was raining heavily, so she ______ an umbrella before going out. A. forgot B. bought C. borrowed D. took [答题简析] 因果关系：因为下雨，所以出门前 "拿" 伞。 逻辑：forgot（不符合逻辑），bought/borrowed（未提及购买或借用动作），took（携带，符合语境）。 答案：D（took an umbrella 是下雨时的合理行为）。 （五）文化常识题 【考查要点】西方文化习俗、节日、历史背景等。 【考查举例】In the US, people usually eat ______ on Thanksgiving Day. A. dumplings B. turkey C. noodles D. mooncakes [答题简析] 文化背景：感恩节（Thanksgiving Day）的传统食物是火鸡（turkey）。 选项：dumplings（中国饺子），noodles（面条），mooncakes（月饼，中国中秋节食物）。 答案：B（turkey 是美国感恩节标志性食物）。 三、解答策略及应用分析 （一）词汇辨析题：语境优先，兼顾搭配 词汇辨析题是完形填空中的高频考点，着重考查考生对近义词、同根词以及固定搭配的精准把握。这类题目往往通过设置语义相近但用法不同的选项，迷惑性极强，需要考生在语境中精准判断。 【策略简析】 立足语境，确定语义与情感基调：通读上下文，构建完整的语义场景，明确空格处所需词汇的核心语义和情感色彩。比如描述人物情绪时，是积极褒义的 “delighted”（高兴的），还是消极贬义的 “frustrated”（沮丧的），避免脱离语境孤立选词。 剖析差异，精准辨析词汇用法：区分近义词在语义侧重、语法结构、使用场景等方面的细微差别。例如 “borrow/lend” 都与借贷相关，但 “borrow” 强调 “借入”（borrow sth from sb），“lend” 强调 “借出”（lend sth to sb）；“affect/effect”，前者是动词，表示 “影响”（affect one's mood），后者作名词表示 “效果”（side effect）。 关注搭配，锁定正确选项：许多词汇的用法依赖固定搭配，如 “make progress”（取得进步）、“pay attention to”（注意）等。遇到搭配类题目时，需快速联想常见短语，排除不符合搭配习惯的选项。 【应用举例1】She _______ her voice to make herself heard.（A. rose B. raised） 【答题简析】 从语法结构看，“raise” 是及物动词，可直接接宾语，“raise voice” 表示 “提高声音”；而 “rise” 是不及物动词，如 “The sun rises in the east”（太阳从东方升起），其后不能直接接宾语。结合语境，此处需要及物动词，因此选 B。 【应用举例2】He decided to _______ some money from his friend to start a business.（A. borrow B. lend） 【答题简析】 根据 “从朋友处获取资金” 的语义，应选择表示 “借入” 的 “borrow”，正确搭配为 “borrow sth from sb”；“lend” 表示 “借出”，不符合语境，答案为 A。 （二）语篇衔接题：标记逻辑词，梳理结构 【策略简析】 划出文章中的转折（but/however/yet/nevertheless）、因果（so/therefore/thus/consequently）、递进（also/moreover/furthermore/additionally）、并列（and/while/meanwhile）、让步（although/though/even though）等连接词。这些逻辑词是语篇的 "隐形脉络"，能够快速帮助考生判断句子间、段落间的内在联系。 分析段落内部及段落间的逻辑关系，结合语境判断空格处所需的衔接功能。需要注意的是，部分逻辑词在不同语境下可能具有多重功能，例如 "while" 既可以表示对比，也能引导时间状语从句，需结合上下文精准判断。 关注段落主题句与支撑句的关系，通过逻辑词确认信息的展开方式是总分、分总还是层层递进。对于含有多个层次的段落，可采用 "思维导图法"，在草稿纸上简要标注各句逻辑关系，避免因信息干扰导致误判。 【应用举例1】First, prepare the ingredients; ______, mix them together.（A. finally B. next） 【答题简析】 "first" 明确表明这是步骤类叙述，对应时间顺序中的第一步。"next" 用于引出后续步骤，符合逻辑；而 "finally" 通常用于总结最后一步，与语境不符，因此选 B。 【应用举例2】She studied hard for the exam; ______, she got an A.（A. however B. therefore） 【答题简析】 前句说明努力学习的行为，后句呈现考试得高分的结果，属于因果关系。"however" 表转折，"therefore" 表因果，答案为 B。 【应用举例3】Online shopping is convenient; ______, it often offers better prices.（A. moreover B. instead） 【答题简析】 两个分句均在阐述网购的优势，属于递进关系。"moreover" 用于补充额外优势，"instead" 表替代关系，答案选 A。 （三）固定搭配题：积累高频搭配，拒绝直译 固定搭配题在完形填空中的占比通常为 15%-20%，主要考查考生对英语短语、习语和固定结构的掌握程度。这类题目往往设置多重干扰项，仅靠词汇量或语法知识难以应对，需要考生建立系统的搭配知识库。 【策略简析】 构建搭配体系：按词性分类整理教材中的动词短语（如 look forward to, take care of）、介词搭配（如 interested in, good at）、形容词短语（如 be familiar with, be responsible for）及名词词组（如 make progress, take pride in）。制作电子或纸质版的搭配卡片，标注常见错误用法，如 “提供某人某物” 应是 provide sb. with sth. 或 provide sth. for sb.，而非 provide sb. sth. 培养英语思维：拒绝中文直译思维，例如 “参加考试” 正确表达为 take an exam，join 通常用于加入组织或群体；“开 / 关灯” 用 turn on/off，而非 open/close。 巧用真题复盘：建立错题本，分类整理真题中出现的固定搭配，标注考点和易错点。例如，介词与不同动词的搭配差异（listen to vs. hear from）。 【应用举例】He succeeded ______ passing the exam.（A. in B. on） 【答题简析】 succeed in doing sth. 是固定搭配，表示 “成功做某事”，其中 in 为介词，后接动名词。选项 B 的 on 不与 succeed 构成此类搭配。此外，常见的类似结构还有 insist on doing（坚持做）、give up doing（放弃做），考生需通过对比记忆避免混淆。本题正确答案为 A。 （四）逻辑推理题：建立 "上下文关联链" 【策略简析】 定位逻辑锚点：深度扫描空格前后 5-10 个词，锁定时间标志词（如 before/after）、地点转换词（here/there）、因果连词（because/therefore）、转折词（however/although）等逻辑信号。这些关键词如同链条的节点，串联起文本的深层逻辑。 构建关联网络：将定位到的关键词与句子主干、段落主题进行关联，明确句间关系属于因果、转折、递进、对比或例证中的哪一种。可借助思维导图工具，在草稿纸上快速梳理逻辑脉络。 动态验证筛选：逐一分析选项与上下文的适配性，采用 "代入 - 验证 - 排除" 的三段式操作。对于与语境冲突、逻辑断裂或语义冗余的选项，果断排除。 全局视角复核：完成初选后，将所选答案置于整个段落乃至篇章中检验，确保其与前后文形成闭环逻辑，避免因局部正确导致的整体逻辑偏差。 【应用举例1】He stayed up late studying, ______ he failed the exam.（A. so B. but） 【答题简析】 信号捕捉：前半句 "stayed up late studying"（熬夜学习）暗示积极备考，后半句 "failed the exam"（考试失败）为消极结果，形成明显语义反差。 逻辑判定：两个动作间不存在因果关系（排除 A 选项 "so"），而是呈现预期与现实的强烈转折，因此选 B（but）。 语境验证：将 "but" 代入原文，"熬夜学习却考试失败"，符合现实生活中的常见逻辑，确认答案准确。 【应用举例2】The weather forecast predicted heavy rain; ______, people still flocked to the outdoor concert.（A. moreover B. nevertheless） 【答题简析】 句强调天气预报预警（负面条件），后句指出人们依然前往露天音乐会（反常行为），形成让步转折关系。A 选项 "moreover" 表递进，与语境矛盾；B 选项 "nevertheless"（尽管如此）精准衔接转折逻辑，为正确答案。 （五）文化常识题：结合语境，调用文化储备 【策略简析】 聚焦文化符号：密切关注涉及节日（Christmas/Halloween）、习俗（餐桌礼仪、社交用语）、历史典故（如西方圆桌会议象征平等）、地理特征（沙漠地区骆驼作为交通工具）等文化元素的语篇。这些元素往往是解题的关键线索，例如看到 “pumpkin lanterns” 和 “trick or treat” 可快速关联到 Halloween。 挖掘上下文线索：通过上下文构建文化场景，当语段出现 “gifts/santa” 时，结合西方节日习俗联想 Christmas；若出现 “mooncakes” 和 “family reunion”，则可推断与中秋节相关。同时，注意文化差异的隐性提示，比如西方强调个人主义，东方注重集体观念，这类背景知识能辅助判断选项合理性。 积累高频文化主题：建立文化常识题库，整理高频文化主题，如感恩节（Thanksgiving）的火鸡（turkey）、清教徒（Pilgrims）与印第安人（Native Americans）的故事；春节（Spring Festival）的团圆饭（reunion dinner）、红包（red envelopes）等，通过定期复习强化记忆。 【应用举例1】In China, people often set off fireworks during the ______ Festival. 【答题简析】 题干中 “fireworks（烟花）” 是春节的典型庆祝方式，结合 “China” 这一地理信息，可快速锁定答案为 “Spring Festival”。此外，若选项中出现其他中国传统节日，可进一步通过其他文化细节排除干扰，如元宵节（Lantern Festival）的重点是赏花灯（lantern viewing），端午节（Dragon Boat Festival）强调赛龙舟（dragon boat racing）和吃粽子（zongzi）。 【应用举例2】At Thanksgiving, families gather to enjoy a meal featuring ______ as the main dish. 【答题简析】 感恩节的标志性食物是火鸡，结合 “Thanksgiving” 和 “main dish” 的语境，应选择 “turkey”。同时，感恩节还常涉及南瓜派（pumpkin pie）、玉米面包（cornbread）等传统食物，这些文化知识可辅助确认答案。 1 A pair of best friends from Texas are proving adventure doesn’t have an age limit — even when you’re 81. Elie Hamby and Sandy Hazelip, encouraged by Jules Verne’s novel Around the World in 80 Days, are on a (n) 1 to see seven continents (⼤陆) in just over two and a half months. Their first stop was a place that eludes (使达不到) even many 2 travellers: Antarctica. Getting to the southernmost continent first required 3 the Drake Passage, the extremely rough waters. “For almost two days, we were a slipping and sliding (跌落并下滑), which was a 4 ,” Hamby said. “But when we stepped on the Antarctic, we 5 all of that. The beauty of the Antarctic is just unbelievable and 6 .” Over the past three months, the pair have 7 camels in Egypt, met elephants in Bali, and danced in Nepal. But for Hamby, the best 8 of the trip was the people they met along the way. And they shared an important piece of 9 for travellers who worried about the language barrier on their own adventures. Hamby said, “There’s one language: 10 . We found that 11 because we were often aware there was  not  English spoken.  But a smile 12 all languages.” They also encouraged other older travellers not to let age 13 them. She said, “Get up out of your easy chair, step out of your comfort zone, 14 new things. Remember that age is only a 15 . 1．A．trip B．article C．honour D．example 2．A．new B．experienced C．rich D．elderly 3．A．leaving B．researching C．crossing D．searching 4．A．shock B．memory C．try D．challenge 5．A．reviewed B．forgot C．changed D．found 6．A．amazing B．funny C．powerful D．priceless 7．A．sold B．raised C．bought D．ridden 8．A．day B．problem C．part D．education 9．A．advice B．warning C．news D．plan 10．A．body B．smile C．English D．silence 11．A．worked B．appeared C．failed D．worsened 12．A．creates B．decides C．covers D．ends 13．A．help B．stop C．push D．hurt 14．A．take up B．take over C．take place D．take away 15．A．record B．number C．dream D．reason 2 Wedding pictures are meant to record memories and romance, but for one couple, there was a brave and unexpected turn to their photo shoot that will never be forgotten. Clayton and Brittany Cook were 1 for their wedding photos on a park bridge in Cambridge, Ontario, when the groom noticed a young boy was 2 in the nearby water. Darren Hatt, the wedding photographer, said it was the bride who first noticed the boy, as she was the only one facing the 3 . “I look over and see Clay in the water and I 4 , what is he doing?” the bride said. Within seconds of noticing there was a child 5 , her husband had jumped into the river — in his wedding suit — to 6 him on to dry land. “His face was underwater and he was fighting, like he was really fighting,” Clayton Cook said. According to the couple and Hatt, who captured (抓拍) the groom’s 7 moment, it appeared that the child had fallen into the water while playing in the park. 8 , he seemed to be alright but a bit frightened. He then went off with one of his elder brothers. Following the dramatic (戏剧性的) photo session, Darren Hatt shared two pictures of the 9 rescue on his Facebook page. Many commenters have described Cook’s 10 as brave. “Mr. Cook deserved 11 . He sprung into action unbelievably quickly,” Hatt said. “Almost as soon as I 12 what was going on, he had already saved the day.” As for Mrs. Cook, she said her husband’s 13 actions are exactly why she married him. “It’s something he would just instinctively (本能的) do,” she said. “Most people would probably make the same 14 .” It might have been a (an) 15 start to married life, but it sounds like these two are made for each other. 1．A．moving B．preparing C．arguing D．looking 2．A．struggling B．boating C．swimming D．surfing 3．A．river B．groom C．photographer D．bridge 4．A．laugh B．wonder C．doubt D．imagine 5．A．in charge B．in relief C．in turn D．in danger 6．A．track B．accompany C．pull D．lower 7．A．precious B．dangerous C．heroic D．scary 8．A．Hopefully B．Thankfully C．Finally D．Definitely 9．A．unexpected B．comfortable C．pleasant D．exciting 10．A．signals B．strategy C．efforts D．survival 11．A．mention B．consideration C．attention D．praise 12．A．illustrated B．explained C．realized D．indicated 13．A．selfless B．wise C．orderly D．intentional 14．A．impression B．contribution C．choice D．chance 15．A．wild B．unusual C．false D．ordinary 3 The Library Cart Ms. Patterson, our town librarian, had pushed her wooden book cart (手推车) through Maple Street for a decade. After her stroke (中风) last winter, the cart 1 in the library basement, its wheels rusting (生锈). Every time I passed it, memories flooded back: her handing me my first chapter book, her 2 smile when I returned novels with dogeared pages. One March morning, I found the cart tipped over, books scattered like fallen leaves. “We’re clearing space,” the new librarian said 3 . My chest tightened. That afternoon, I wheeled the cart home, its squeaks echoing my determination. Dad helped me sand the handles. Mom sewed new canvas shelves. Soon, our “Little Free Library on Wheels” was ready. On its very first trip, I 4 nervously outside the retirement home. Mrs. Jenkins, the knitting club leader, peered through her glasses. “Well! You’re going to 5 the idea that we work together to build a community with shared interests, right?” The cart became a bridge. Children 6 picture books with wide­eyed delight. Mr. Thompson, the retired engineer, left some instructive and engaging books with handwritten notes tucked (塞进) inside. Even stray cats (流浪猫) curled around its wheels, as if guarding literary 7 . One rainy Thursday, Ms. Patterson’s niece wheeled her into our path. Her left hand 8 slightly as she touched the polished wood. “You … kept the spirit,” she whispered, her voice 9 but clear. That moment, I realized the cart wasn’t about books — it was about connections   10 generations. The cart’s success 11 others. High school students started a reading club, 12 discussing books every Friday. Local shops donated 13 materials — Mr. Lee’s hardware store gave away free paint, and the bakery offered cookies for story hours. Ms. Patterson passed away last month. When I push her cart under maple trees now, the shade feels like her gentle hand 14 us forward. Now, our cart wears a plaque (匾牌): “ 15 Ms. Patterson, who knew stories heal hearts.” Sometimes, the quietest acts of kindness can rebuild what time erodes (侵蚀). 1．A．gathered dust B．shone brightly C．broke down D．moved fast 2．A．nervous B．patient C．faint D．fake 3．A．excitedly B．hesitantly C．warmly D．coldly 4．A．danced B．slept C．shouted D．parked 5．A．promote B．scold C．ignore D．process 6．A．burned B．wrote C．borrowed D．hid 7．A．instructions B．treasures C．updates D．textbooks 8．A．sweated B．pointed C．waved D．trembled 9．A．weak B．loud C．musical D．slow 10．A．without B．from C．between D．against 11．A．confused B．inspired C．stopped D．forgot 12．A．eagerly B．rarely C．angrily D．sharply 13．A．chief B．spare C．expensive D．odd 14．A．informing B．defending C．guiding D．forcing 15．A．In search of B．In need of C．In honor of D．In face of 4 Candice Hicks was driving from Amherst to Oxford. She and her three kids went to 1 her dad because he planned to celebrate the New Year with the Hicks. She was close to her 2 but unluckily, her car hit a rut that made her lose control of the car. Her minivan fell into the river. 3 upside down on her seat belt, Candice 4 she was in great trouble and had no idea how to 5 her children. She eventually got her seat belt off and meanwhile Sophia, the eldest kid, 6，managed to 6 out of the van. The other two kids, Elise and Ethan, 7 , were still inside and Ethan wasn’t making any 8 . Candice failed to rescue them since her wrist (手腕) was broken. Sophia luckily succeeded in 9 Elise out of the car but Ethan was still stuck. Afterwards, Sophia swam to the shore and waved down a truck, whose driver, Terry, 10 down to rescue the family. With the help of a knife, Terry 11 Ethan’s seat belt and soon the whole family was in a 12 . The kids were all fine while Candice’s wrist needed a(n) 13 . RCMP (the police force) was inspired by 14 Sophia, so it gave her an Act of Heroism Award. Terry was also given a 15 by RCMP for his timely help. 1．A．see off B．wait for C．pick up D．look after 2．A．company B．destination C．field D．home 3．A．Lying B．Hanging C．Standing D．Floating 4．A．realized B．imagined C．insisted D．claimed 5．A．face B．seek C．educate D．save 6．A．get B．jump C．run D．walk 7．A．therefore B．perhaps C．however D．afterwards 8．A．decisions B．advances C．sounds D．mistakes 9．A．throwing B．requiring C．keeping D．pulling 10．A．drove B．rushed C．rode D．looked 11．A．cut B．set C．gained D．lifted 12．A．clinic B．hotel C．truck D．station 13．A．movement B．operation C．wash D．exercise 14．A．active B．patient C．brave D．outgoing 15．A．comment B．position C．prize D．response 5 After two years of efforts, young Mia finally reached her goal of becoming a Master Scuba Diver (潜水员). The title 1 a training level which few divers, even adults, have reached. Diving underwater is exciting but 2 . So organizations like Professional Association of Diving Instructors offer training 3 to make sure divers can enjoy themselves safely underwater. 4 by her mom who became an Open Water Diver in high school, Mia. started training at 10. Living in Rhode Island, where the oceans are cold and there is poor 5 , she didn’t let the terrible situation 6 her and she got herself Open Water Diver certificate (合格证书). Over the next two years, Mia kept 7 it and took several other courses to learn different 8 , like first aid and how to find her way underwater. Mia had finished 78 9 , far more than the 50 needed to become a Master Scuba Diver. 10 , she still had to wait until she was 12 for her last two courses. In February, Mia and her family 11 to Mexico, where Mia did most of the training required for the courses. On her birthday, she 12 the Advanced Open Water course. The next day, when she was 13 12, Mia finished the Rescue Diver course. 14 of becoming a Master Scuba Diver, Mia plans to get more training in the future. She 15 to become an ocean biologist. She’s particularly interested in marking and tracking sharks! 1．A．represents B．changes C．honors D．improves 2．A．legal B．special C．risky D．popular 3．A．clues B．courses C．limits D．debates 4．A．Inspired B．Forced C．Reminded D．Studied 5．A．food B．air C．eyesight D．view 6．A．make B．discourage C．strike D．reject 7．A．referring to B．thinking of C．working at D．looking through 8．A．skills B．orders C．exercises D．requirements 9．A．experiments B．shows C．trips D．dives 10．A．Otherwise B．However C．Thus D．Meanwhile 11．A．fell B．turned C．walked D．traveled 12．A．won B．took C．beat D．passed 13．A．virtually B．likely C．officially D．closely 14．A．Capable B．Proud C．Aware D．Afraid 15．A．desires B．pretends C．begins D．happens 6 A decade ago, I began an investigation into the secrets of luck. I wanted to know why some people were 1 in the right place at the right time, while others always experienced misfortune. I 2 notices in newspapers asking those who felt lucky or unlucky to contact me. Hundreds volunteered for my 3 . Over the years, I interviewed them and had them 4 various experiments. I conducted a simple 5 to determine if differences in luck were due to differences in their ability to 6 opportunities. I gave both groups a newspaper and asked them to count the photographs. I had 7 placed a bold (加粗) message midway saying, “Tell the experimenter you have seen this and win $50.” This 8 occupied half the page, written in over two-inch type. It stared everyone in the face, yet the unlucky tended to 9 it while the lucky spotted it. Unlucky people are generally more 10 , and this anxiety weakens their ability to notice the 11 . As a result, they miss opportunities by over-focusing on specific goals. They attend events just for finding a partner, missing chances to make friends. They look through newspapers 12 to find certain types of job, missing other types of jobs. Lucky people are more relaxed and open, seeing what is there 13 exactly what they need. My research suggested that lucky people create good fortune via four 14 . They are good at recognizing chance opportunities, making intuitive (直觉) decisions, forming self-fulfilling prophecies (预言) with positive expectations, and adopting an attitude that 15 bad luck into good. 1．A．never B．always C．sometimes D．seldom 2．A．posted B．edited C．created D．read 3．A．game B．adventure C．research D．contest 4．A．participate in B．call off C．look into D．carry out 5．A．observation B．experiment C．competition D．discussion 6．A．share B．predict C．decline D．identify 7．A．hesitantly B．carelessly C．secretly D．excitedly 8．A．copy B．message C．diagram D．introduction 9．A．miss B．pass C．revise D．misunderstand 10．A．nervous B．careless C．awkward D．pitiful 11．A．unaffected B．unexplained C．unchanged D．unexpected 12．A．confident B．disappointed C．determined D．surprised 13．A．as to B．but for C．regardless of D．rather than 14．A．goals B．preferences C．principles D．beliefs 15．A．throws B．transforms C．takes D．forces 7 Body language is the quietest, most secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 1 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 2 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication takes up about 50% of what we really 3 . And body language is particularly 4 when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so 5 a part of us that it’s actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 6 , different societies often treat the 7 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends, and certainly not with 8 . People from Latin American countries, 9 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it’s possible that in conversation, it may look like a Latino is 10 a Norwegian all around the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving closer. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 11 —which the Latino will in return regard as 12 . Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 13 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from different cultures, there’s a strong possibility of 14 . But whatever the situation, the best advice is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 105 1．A．sharper B．louder C．harder D．further 2．A．sounds B．opinions C．feelings D．messages 3．A．assist B．receive C．discover D．mean 4．A．immediate B．various C．important D．difficult 5．A．well B．far C．much D．long 6．A．For example B．Thus C．However D．In short 7．A．profit B．distance C．effect D．image 8．A．strangers B．partners C．neighbors D．enemies 9．A．in other words B．on the other hand C．in a similar way D．by all means 10．A．disturbing B．helping C．guiding D．following 11．A．stepping forward B．going on C．backing away D．coming out 12．A．weakness B．rudeness C．friendliness D．coldness 13．A．talk B．explore C．laugh D．think 14．A．curiosity B．eagerness C．misunderstanding D．tension 15．A．noticed B．treated C．concerned D．satisfied 8 Finding the right exercise for you depends on your motivations and preferences. If you’re looking to expand your social network, 1 a fitness class can be ideal as it allows you to bond with others 2 the same experience. If you’re worried about 3 , you can form a free running or walking group for free. Exercising with others has 4 benefits, too. A study found that people who exercised with others some or all of the time reported better physical and mental health than those who 5 exercised alone, even with less frequent exercise. For those motivated by body image, you can 6 whole-body activities like dance, boxing, or mountain biking. These activities provide a comprehensive workout, offering multiple stress-relieving 7 all at once. But if you 8 exercising alone, bodyweight exercises like push-ups can yield similar results. Ensure you 9 exercises suitable for your age and fitness level. Motivations, like improved 10 after serious illness, or increased happiness after a period of depression are both 11 reasons to exercise regularly. And, activities like swimming, tennis, walking, or gardening can provide a 12 from busy days. While some may seem less 13 , any exercise is better than none. 14 , you can always adjust your 15 based on your changing needs. Ultimately, the best exercise is the one that you enjoy and will frequently engage in. 1．A．attending B．visiting C．estimating D．instructing 2．A．staring at B．dreaming of C．searching for D．going through 3．A．weather B．security C．costs D．profits 4．A．environmental B．additional C．monthly D．economic 5．A．seldom B．ever C．only D．still 6．A．consider B．abandon C．promote D．identify 7．A．tests B．games C．plans D．effects 8．A．dislike B．practice C．prefer D．suggest 9．A．buy B．borrow C．choose D．continue 10．A．health B．intelligence C．service D．comfort 11．A．similar B．wrong C．common D．various 12．A．break B．signal C．delay D．degree 13．A．frequent B．professional C．appropriate D．active 14．A．Instead B．Otherwise C．However D．Moreover 15．A．diet B．routine C．address D．topic 9 Electric vehicles (EVs) have become more popular as climate change concerns grow. Unlike gasoline cars, EVs run on electricity, making them an 1 choice for reducing emissions (排放). As battery technology 2 , EVs have become ideal for daily use, with longer driving ranges. 3 , there is still a shortage of charging stations in many areas, making it inconvenient for drivers. Governments 4 more stations, but this remains a challenge. Despite their benefits, EVs still face some obstacles (障碍). For example, the high cost of purchasing an EV is a 5 for many consumers. Although prices have 6 , the technology is still in its early stages and needs further improvement. Battery production also raises concerns about the environmental impact of mining materials such as lithium (锂) and cobalt (钴), which 7 to make batteries. To address this, researchers are working on better recycling methods to make EVs more manageable. Moreover, as EV use increases, cities 8 their infrastructure (基础设施) to support more charging stations. The future of EVs looks 9 , with more companies investing in the technology. It is expected that by 2030, a majority of cars on the road will be electric. The growth of the EV industry could 10 economic growth and reduce emissions, creating a 11 cycle of benefits. While challenges remain, experts believe the transition (过渡) to EVs is 12 . With more governments offering incentives, EVs are becoming more affordable for people. As battery technology improves, EVs will become even more sustainable and less reliant on fossil fuels, making them a key part of the future. 13 in government policies will play a key role in accelerating (加速) EV growth. These policies are likely to make EVs more popular and widespread in the future. Moreover, the EV shift is expected to 14 traffic congestion (拥塞) in cities. With clean air and 15 noise, urban areas will become more livable. 1．A．risky B．expensive C．harmful D．efficient 2．A．damages B．declines C．stops D．improves 3．A．However B．Then C．And D．So 4．A．have built B．is building C．will build D．had built 5．A．barrier B．opportunity C．advantage D．feature 6．A．increased B．decreased C．stopped D．remained 7．A．will use B．have used C．is used D．have been used 8．A．adapt B．adapted C．are adapting D．had adapted 9．A．bright B．uncertain C．distant D．hopeless 10．A．damage B．boost C．reduce D．delay 11．A．negative B．positive C．complex D．uncertain 12．A．achievable B．unrealistic C．manageable D．difficult 13．A．Changes B．Differences C．Conflicts D．Similarities 14．A．block B．worsen C．relieve D．delay 15．A．no B．more C．not D．less 10 The Internet has revolutionized the way we live, work, and communicate. It connects people across the globe in seconds, offering endless opportunities for learning, entertainment, and business. However, this digital world also brings challenges that require our attention. The rise of social media platforms has transformed how we interact. People now share their lives online, from daily routines to major milestones. 1 , this constant sharing can lead to privacy concerns. Many users unknowingly expose personal information, making them 2 to cybercrime. Experts advise adjusting privacy settings and being 3 about what to post.          Online education has become increasingly popular, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. Students can now attend virtual classes and access resources from top universities worldwide. 4 , not everyone benefits equally. The “digital divide” — the gap between those with and without Internet access——remains a significant issue. In rural areas, poor connectivity 5 students from participating fully in online learning. Governments and organizations must work to 6 this gap.    E-commerce has also flourished, allowing businesses to reach customers far and wide. Small companies can now sell products 7 , competing with international corporations. But, 8 , online shopping also raises concerns about fake goods and data security. Consumers should confirm the identities of sellers and use secure payment methods to 9 risks. The Internet’s impact on mental health is another critical issue. While it provides a platform for support and connection, excessive screen time can lead to anxiety and sleep disorders. 10 , comparisons on social media often harm self-respect, particularly among teenagers. 11 this, many find comfort in online communities that share their interests or struggles. Looking ahead, technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) will surely further shape our online experiences. These advancements come with moral issues, 12 . For instance, AI algorithms(算法) may unintentionally overstate biases(偏见), and VR could blur(模糊) the line between reality and the digital world. Society must 13 how to use these technologies properly and responsibly. 14 , the Internet is a powerful tool that can enrich our lives if used wisely. By staying informed and conscious, we can handle the digital world safely and make the most of its opportunities. The future of the online world 15 in our hands. 1．A．However B．Therefore C．Moreover D．Moreover 2．A．immune B．defenceless C．resistant D．indifferent 3．A．curious B．cautious C．generous D．careless 4．A．Besides B．Thus C．Unfortunately D．Accordingly 5．A．protests B．prevents C．motivates D．impacts 6．A．widen B．ignore C．bridge D．emphasize 7．A．locally B．occasionally C．globally D．obviously 8．A．similarly B．meanwhile C．consequently D．instead 9．A．increase B．minimize C．maintain D．reveal 10．A．Additionally B．Fortunately C．Surprisingly D．Gradually 11．A．Due to B．Except for C．Regardless of D．Apart from 12．A．after all B．at all C．above all D．in all 13．A．depend on B．comment on C．reflect on D．cut back on 14．A．In conclusion B．In contrast C．In addition D．In particular 15．A．lies B．falls C．grows D．remains 11 Truth be told, a life- changing college experience doesn’t begin or end with a high GPA or great university tour. And although parents and teachers alike work diligently to prep their students with the cutting-edge classes and impressive transcripts, they’re 1 one vital skill: emotional intelligence. A poll of 1,502 first-year college students in the U.S. found that a majority of them wish they had received more 2 preparation for college. Emotional preparedness is 3 “the ability to take care of oneself, adapt to new environments, 4 negative emotions or behavior and build positive relationship,” according to the survey. “Survey data indicate that college readiness requires far more than just a solid academic foundation — finding that seems 5 traditional higher education preparation,” said John McPhee, Executive Director of the Jed Foundation, which co- sponsored the survey. “It is clear that emotional preparedness should be better 6 the work that high school communities are doing to guide students through the transition into college.” Data show that college students 7 far more than their academics-- and their stress can take a serious toll (代价) on their 8 in school. Forty percent of survey participants felt pressure to pay for college expenses, followed by 30 percent who said their biggest 9 was to make new friends. 10 , keeping in touch with family and friends not at their college (28 percent) and being independent (16 percent) also weighed heavily on college students’ shoulders. All of these 11 had a negative impact inside and outside of the classroom. Students who felt less emotionally prepared for college were more likely to have a lower grade point average, regularly 12 drugs and/or alcohol, and rate their overall college experience as terrible or poor. “As high school seniors start applying to college around this time of year, parents and people 13 in their lives can play an important role in helping children build confidence and life skills, said Marisa Glandella-Porco, Co-Founder, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Jordan Porco Foundation, a survey co-sponsor. “It is important to 14 them to choose a college that best fits their needs first and foremost — not only in a(n) 15 sense, but also relative to emotional needs.” Thankfully, whether your child is packing up for school this fall or still in diapers, it’s never too late (or too early) to begin prepping them for university life. Here’s what parents should do to help their college-bound kid, starting now. Thankfully, whether your child is packing up for school this fall or still in diapers, it’s never too late (or too early) to begin prepping them for university life. Here’s what parents should do to help their college-bound kid, starting now. 1．A．mastering B．employing C．forgetting D．preparing 2．A．emotional B．careful C．comprehensive D．active 3．A．compared with B．applied to C．adjusted to D．defined as 4．A．arouse B．control C．display D．hide 5．A．short of B．strict with C．contrary to D．proud of 6．A．reminded of B．combined with C．focused on D．devoted to 7．A．depend on B．worry about C．refer to D．respond to 8．A．performances B．grades C．subjects D．requirements 9．A．mistake B．decision C．event D．challenge 10．A．Otherwise B．Thus C．Besides D．However 11．A．pressures B．benefits C．behaviors D．thoughts 12．A．market B．ban C．consume D．produce 13．A．aggressive B．influential C．mysterious D．modest 14．A．offer B．guide C．warn D．command 15．A．good B．keen C．academic D．delicate 12 My family signed up for taekwondo (跆拳道) to develop my kids’ confidence. But I stood in the classroom, dressed in my taekwondo clothes, 1 why I was there. Although I love every other part of the sport, I actually didn’t want to 2 anyone. So, I’d been trying to 3 my battling classes. But when my son asked why I wasn’t battling, I knew it was time to 4 making excuses. I am always telling my kids to do things that may even 5 them so they won’t miss out on something they love. How could I 6 ignore my own advice? On our way to my first battling class, my husband and kids 7 I was nervous, and they tried their best to make me 8 by reminding me that it would be fun and easy. Anxiously, I watched the clock, 9 class would be over before I had my turn. No such 10 . I went in with the only other woman in class. We bowed to each other, and it was on. My only fighting action was to cover but I still 11 to score a point. At last, with the 12 , I won the game. The best 13 was that after class my kids told me they were proud of my performance. As a mom who was frightened to battle, I think I did the 14 thing. That day, I not only won a taekwondo match, but also 15 that it’s never too late to face your challenges and grow stronger. 1．A．understanding B．wondering C．proving D．explaining 2．A．train B．replace C．fight D．believe 3．A．afford B．enjoy C．avoid D．plan 4．A．stop B．regret C．risk D．consider 5．A．renew B．limit C．please D．scare 6．A．fearlessly B．hardly C．anxiously D．openly 7．A．agreed B．sensed C．remembered D．imagined 8．A．win out B．calm down C．wake up D．step back 9．A．admitting B．judging C．expecting D．noticing 10．A．luck B．excuse C．problem D．goal 11．A．failed B．managed C．wished D．refused 12．A．rule B．lesson C．advantage D．knowledge 13．A．part B．idea C．reason D．chance 14．A．right B．similar C．formal D．familiar 15．A．hoped B．promised C．heard D．showed 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年暑假新高一英语衔接学习系列 专题23 语言运用之完形填空 高中英语完形填空试题考查考生的综合语言运用能力，包括对文体的理解、词汇和句法的掌握、语篇的分析、语用和逻辑的推理以及文化背景知识的了解。学生在学习的过程中，要针对不同的题型和文体进行有针对性的训练，掌握有效的解答策略，提高完形填空的解题能力。 一、文体类型及语篇分析 （一）记叙文（Narrative） 【语篇特点】 以时间或事件发展为线索，包含人物、事件、情感变化，语言生动，常涉及动作描写和对话。 【语篇示例】 One morning, I was running late for school. As I rushed down the stairs, I tripped and fell, scraping my knee badly. Tears welled up in my eyes, but I didn't have time to cry. I grabbed my backpack and dashed out the door. When I arrived at school, my teacher noticed my injury and took me to the nurse's office. The nurse cleaned my wound and bandaged it, saying, "You're very brave." That simple compliment made me feel better, and I realized that kindness can heal more than just physical pain. 【语篇分析】 结构：按 "起因（迟到）— 经过（摔倒受伤）— 结果（老师和护士的关怀）" 展开，时间状语（one morning, when）串联事件。 设空点：可能在动作动词（rushed, tripped, dashed）、情感形容词（brave）、逻辑连接词（but, and）处设题，考查对事件连贯性的理解。 （二）说明文（Expository） 【语篇特点】 客观介绍事物特征、原理或过程，结构严谨，常用定义、举例、对比等说明方法，语言准确规范。 【语篇示例】 The process of photosynthesis is vital for plants. First, leaves absorb sunlight through chlorophyll, which converts light energy into chemical energy. Next, plants take in carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil. Using the stored chemical energy, they combine these substances to produce glucose, a type of sugar that serves as food for the plant. Finally, oxygen is released as a by-product, which is essential for human and animal life. 【语篇分析】 结构：按 "总---分" 顺序，用 first, next, finally 等连接词呈现光合作用的步骤。 设空点：可能在说明性动词（absorb, convert, produce）、逻辑顺序词、专业术语（chlorophyll, glucose）处设题，考查对科学过程的逻辑理解。 （三）议论文（Argumentative） 【语篇特点】 提出观点，通过论据（事实、数据、例子）论证，结构为 "论点 — 论据 — 结论"，语言逻辑性强，常用转折、递进等连接词。 【语篇示例】 Some people argue that online learning lacks the effectiveness of traditional classrooms. However, research shows that students can learn more efficiently online if they manage their time wisely. For instance, online courses offer flexible schedules, allowing students to review lessons at their own pace. Additionally, interactive platforms provide instant access to educational resources, promoting independent learning. Therefore, the key to successful online learning lies in self-discipline, not the learning format itself. 【语篇分析】 结构：先提出反论点（online learning 无效），再用 however 引出正面论据（灵活时间、资源获取），最后得出结论。 设空点：可能在观点词（argue, believe）、转折词（however, but）、例证词（for instance, additionally）处设题，考查对论点论证逻辑的把握。 二、题型设置及分析 （一）词汇辨析题 【考查要点】近义词、同根词或形近词在语境中的差异。 【考查举例】She ______ the book from the shelf and began to read. A. took B. brought C. carried D. fetched [答题简析] 语境：从书架上 "取下" 书，强调 "从某处拿走"。 辨析：take（拿走，无方向），bring（带来），carry（搬运，强调动作），fetch（去取来，往返）。 答案：A（took the book from the shelf 符合 "取下" 的动作）。 （二）语篇衔接题 【考查要点】代词、过渡词、重复词汇等衔接手段。 【考查举例】Many people enjoy traveling. ______, planning a trip can be stressful. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise [答题简析] 逻辑关系：前句 "喜欢旅行" 与后句 "计划有压力" 为转折关系。 选项：However（转折），Therefore（因果），Moreover（递进），Otherwise（否则）。 答案：A（体现前后句的对比）。 （三）固定搭配题 【考查要点】动词 + 介词、名词 + 形容词、习语等固定用法。 【考查举例】He is always ready to help others, which makes him popular ______ his classmates. A. with B. in C. for D. among [答题简析] 搭配：be popular with/among sb.（受某人欢迎），两者均可，但 among 更强调 "在群体中"。 答案：D（among his classmates 指在同学群体中）。 （四）逻辑推理题 【考查要点】通过上下文因果、转折、递进等关系推断答案。 【考查举例】It was raining heavily, so she ______ an umbrella before going out. A. forgot B. bought C. borrowed D. took [答题简析] 因果关系：因为下雨，所以出门前 "拿" 伞。 逻辑：forgot（不符合逻辑），bought/borrowed（未提及购买或借用动作），took（携带，符合语境）。 答案：D（took an umbrella 是下雨时的合理行为）。 （五）文化常识题 【考查要点】西方文化习俗、节日、历史背景等。 【考查举例】In the US, people usually eat ______ on Thanksgiving Day. A. dumplings B. turkey C. noodles D. mooncakes [答题简析] 文化背景：感恩节（Thanksgiving Day）的传统食物是火鸡（turkey）。 选项：dumplings（中国饺子），noodles（面条），mooncakes（月饼，中国中秋节食物）。 答案：B（turkey 是美国感恩节标志性食物）。 三、解答策略及应用分析 （一）词汇辨析题：语境优先，兼顾搭配 词汇辨析题是完形填空中的高频考点，着重考查考生对近义词、同根词以及固定搭配的精准把握。这类题目往往通过设置语义相近但用法不同的选项，迷惑性极强，需要考生在语境中精准判断。 【策略简析】 立足语境，确定语义与情感基调：通读上下文，构建完整的语义场景，明确空格处所需词汇的核心语义和情感色彩。比如描述人物情绪时，是积极褒义的 “delighted”（高兴的），还是消极贬义的 “frustrated”（沮丧的），避免脱离语境孤立选词。 剖析差异，精准辨析词汇用法：区分近义词在语义侧重、语法结构、使用场景等方面的细微差别。例如 “borrow/lend” 都与借贷相关，但 “borrow” 强调 “借入”（borrow sth from sb），“lend” 强调 “借出”（lend sth to sb）；“affect/effect”，前者是动词，表示 “影响”（affect one's mood），后者作名词表示 “效果”（side effect）。 关注搭配，锁定正确选项：许多词汇的用法依赖固定搭配，如 “make progress”（取得进步）、“pay attention to”（注意）等。遇到搭配类题目时，需快速联想常见短语，排除不符合搭配习惯的选项。 【应用举例1】She _______ her voice to make herself heard.（A. rose B. raised） 【答题简析】 从语法结构看，“raise” 是及物动词，可直接接宾语，“raise voice” 表示 “提高声音”；而 “rise” 是不及物动词，如 “The sun rises in the east”（太阳从东方升起），其后不能直接接宾语。结合语境，此处需要及物动词，因此选 B。 【应用举例2】He decided to _______ some money from his friend to start a business.（A. borrow B. lend） 【答题简析】 根据 “从朋友处获取资金” 的语义，应选择表示 “借入” 的 “borrow”，正确搭配为 “borrow sth from sb”；“lend” 表示 “借出”，不符合语境，答案为 A。 （二）语篇衔接题：标记逻辑词，梳理结构 【策略简析】 划出文章中的转折（but/however/yet/nevertheless）、因果（so/therefore/thus/consequently）、递进（also/moreover/furthermore/additionally）、并列（and/while/meanwhile）、让步（although/though/even though）等连接词。这些逻辑词是语篇的 "隐形脉络"，能够快速帮助考生判断句子间、段落间的内在联系。 分析段落内部及段落间的逻辑关系，结合语境判断空格处所需的衔接功能。需要注意的是，部分逻辑词在不同语境下可能具有多重功能，例如 "while" 既可以表示对比，也能引导时间状语从句，需结合上下文精准判断。 关注段落主题句与支撑句的关系，通过逻辑词确认信息的展开方式是总分、分总还是层层递进。对于含有多个层次的段落，可采用 "思维导图法"，在草稿纸上简要标注各句逻辑关系，避免因信息干扰导致误判。 【应用举例1】First, prepare the ingredients; ______, mix them together.（A. finally B. next） 【答题简析】 "first" 明确表明这是步骤类叙述，对应时间顺序中的第一步。"next" 用于引出后续步骤，符合逻辑；而 "finally" 通常用于总结最后一步，与语境不符，因此选 B。 【应用举例2】She studied hard for the exam; ______, she got an A.（A. however B. therefore） 【答题简析】 前句说明努力学习的行为，后句呈现考试得高分的结果，属于因果关系。"however" 表转折，"therefore" 表因果，答案为 B。 【应用举例3】Online shopping is convenient; ______, it often offers better prices.（A. moreover B. instead） 【答题简析】 两个分句均在阐述网购的优势，属于递进关系。"moreover" 用于补充额外优势，"instead" 表替代关系，答案选 A。 （三）固定搭配题：积累高频搭配，拒绝直译 固定搭配题在完形填空中的占比通常为 15%-20%，主要考查考生对英语短语、习语和固定结构的掌握程度。这类题目往往设置多重干扰项，仅靠词汇量或语法知识难以应对，需要考生建立系统的搭配知识库。 【策略简析】 构建搭配体系：按词性分类整理教材中的动词短语（如 look forward to, take care of）、介词搭配（如 interested in, good at）、形容词短语（如 be familiar with, be responsible for）及名词词组（如 make progress, take pride in）。制作电子或纸质版的搭配卡片，标注常见错误用法，如 “提供某人某物” 应是 provide sb. with sth. 或 provide sth. for sb.，而非 provide sb. sth. 培养英语思维：拒绝中文直译思维，例如 “参加考试” 正确表达为 take an exam，join 通常用于加入组织或群体；“开 / 关灯” 用 turn on/off，而非 open/close。 巧用真题复盘：建立错题本，分类整理真题中出现的固定搭配，标注考点和易错点。例如，介词与不同动词的搭配差异（listen to vs. hear from）。 【应用举例】He succeeded ______ passing the exam.（A. in B. on） 【答题简析】 succeed in doing sth. 是固定搭配，表示 “成功做某事”，其中 in 为介词，后接动名词。选项 B 的 on 不与 succeed 构成此类搭配。此外，常见的类似结构还有 insist on doing（坚持做）、give up doing（放弃做），考生需通过对比记忆避免混淆。本题正确答案为 A。 （四）逻辑推理题：建立 "上下文关联链" 【策略简析】 定位逻辑锚点：深度扫描空格前后 5-10 个词，锁定时间标志词（如 before/after）、地点转换词（here/there）、因果连词（because/therefore）、转折词（however/although）等逻辑信号。这些关键词如同链条的节点，串联起文本的深层逻辑。 构建关联网络：将定位到的关键词与句子主干、段落主题进行关联，明确句间关系属于因果、转折、递进、对比或例证中的哪一种。可借助思维导图工具，在草稿纸上快速梳理逻辑脉络。 动态验证筛选：逐一分析选项与上下文的适配性，采用 "代入 - 验证 - 排除" 的三段式操作。对于与语境冲突、逻辑断裂或语义冗余的选项，果断排除。 全局视角复核：完成初选后，将所选答案置于整个段落乃至篇章中检验，确保其与前后文形成闭环逻辑，避免因局部正确导致的整体逻辑偏差。 【应用举例1】He stayed up late studying, ______ he failed the exam.（A. so B. but） 【答题简析】 信号捕捉：前半句 "stayed up late studying"（熬夜学习）暗示积极备考，后半句 "failed the exam"（考试失败）为消极结果，形成明显语义反差。 逻辑判定：两个动作间不存在因果关系（排除 A 选项 "so"），而是呈现预期与现实的强烈转折，因此选 B（but）。 语境验证：将 "but" 代入原文，"熬夜学习却考试失败"，符合现实生活中的常见逻辑，确认答案准确。 【应用举例2】The weather forecast predicted heavy rain; ______, people still flocked to the outdoor concert.（A. moreover B. nevertheless） 【答题简析】 句强调天气预报预警（负面条件），后句指出人们依然前往露天音乐会（反常行为），形成让步转折关系。A 选项 "moreover" 表递进，与语境矛盾；B 选项 "nevertheless"（尽管如此）精准衔接转折逻辑，为正确答案。 （五）文化常识题：结合语境，调用文化储备 【策略简析】 聚焦文化符号：密切关注涉及节日（Christmas/Halloween）、习俗（餐桌礼仪、社交用语）、历史典故（如西方圆桌会议象征平等）、地理特征（沙漠地区骆驼作为交通工具）等文化元素的语篇。这些元素往往是解题的关键线索，例如看到 “pumpkin lanterns” 和 “trick or treat” 可快速关联到 Halloween。 挖掘上下文线索：通过上下文构建文化场景，当语段出现 “gifts/santa” 时，结合西方节日习俗联想 Christmas；若出现 “mooncakes” 和 “family reunion”，则可推断与中秋节相关。同时，注意文化差异的隐性提示，比如西方强调个人主义，东方注重集体观念，这类背景知识能辅助判断选项合理性。 积累高频文化主题：建立文化常识题库，整理高频文化主题，如感恩节（Thanksgiving）的火鸡（turkey）、清教徒（Pilgrims）与印第安人（Native Americans）的故事；春节（Spring Festival）的团圆饭（reunion dinner）、红包（red envelopes）等，通过定期复习强化记忆。 【应用举例1】In China, people often set off fireworks during the ______ Festival. 【答题简析】 题干中 “fireworks（烟花）” 是春节的典型庆祝方式，结合 “China” 这一地理信息，可快速锁定答案为 “Spring Festival”。此外，若选项中出现其他中国传统节日，可进一步通过其他文化细节排除干扰，如元宵节（Lantern Festival）的重点是赏花灯（lantern viewing），端午节（Dragon Boat Festival）强调赛龙舟（dragon boat racing）和吃粽子（zongzi）。 【应用举例2】At Thanksgiving, families gather to enjoy a meal featuring ______ as the main dish. 【答题简析】 感恩节的标志性食物是火鸡，结合 “Thanksgiving” 和 “main dish” 的语境，应选择 “turkey”。同时，感恩节还常涉及南瓜派（pumpkin pie）、玉米面包（cornbread）等传统食物，这些文化知识可辅助确认答案。 1 A pair of best friends from Texas are proving adventure doesn’t have an age limit — even when you’re 81. Elie Hamby and Sandy Hazelip, encouraged by Jules Verne’s novel Around the World in 80 Days, are on a (n) 1 to see seven continents (⼤陆) in just over two and a half months. Their first stop was a place that eludes (使达不到) even many 2 travellers: Antarctica. Getting to the southernmost continent first required 3 the Drake Passage, the extremely rough waters. “For almost two days, we were a slipping and sliding (跌落并下滑), which was a 4 ,” Hamby said. “But when we stepped on the Antarctic, we 5 all of that. The beauty of the Antarctic is just unbelievable and 6 .” Over the past three months, the pair have 7 camels in Egypt, met elephants in Bali, and danced in Nepal. But for Hamby, the best 8 of the trip was the people they met along the way. And they shared an important piece of 9 for travellers who worried about the language barrier on their own adventures. Hamby said, “There’s one language: 10 . We found that 11 because we were often aware there was  not  English spoken.  But a smile 12 all languages.” They also encouraged other older travellers not to let age 13 them. She said, “Get up out of your easy chair, step out of your comfort zone, 14 new things. Remember that age is only a 15 . 1．A．trip B．article C．honour D．example 2．A．new B．experienced C．rich D．elderly 3．A．leaving B．researching C．crossing D．searching 4．A．shock B．memory C．try D．challenge 5．A．reviewed B．forgot C．changed D．found 6．A．amazing B．funny C．powerful D．priceless 7．A．sold B．raised C．bought D．ridden 8．A．day B．problem C．part D．education 9．A．advice B．warning C．news D．plan 10．A．body B．smile C．English D．silence 11．A．worked B．appeared C．failed D．worsened 12．A．creates B．decides C．covers D．ends 13．A．help B．stop C．push D．hurt 14．A．take up B．take over C．take place D．take away 15．A．record B．number C．dream D．reason 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述81岁的德州好友受小说启发，挑战两个半月环游七大洲，分享旅行感悟的故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：受儒勒·凡尔纳小说《八十天环游世界》的启发，伊莉·哈姆比和桑迪·黑兹利普踏上了一场在两个半月多一点的时间内看七大洲的旅行。A. trip旅行；B. article文章；C. honour荣誉；D. example例子。根据下文的“to see seven continents (⼤陆) in just over two and a half months.”可知，他们要在两个半月多一点的时间内看七大洲，由此可知，两人开启了一场“旅行”。故选A项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的第一站是一个甚至让许多经验丰富的旅行者都难以抵达的地方：南极洲。A. new新的；B. experienced经验丰富的；C. rich富有的；D. elderly年长的。根据下文“Antarctica”和“the extremely rough waters”可知，南极洲是一个连很多有经验的旅行者都不敢去的地方。故选B项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：要到达最南端的大陆，首先需要穿越德雷克海峡——这片极其汹涌的水域。A. leaving离开；B. researching研究；C. crossing穿越；D. searching搜索。根据上文的“Getting to the southernmost continent”以及下文的“the Drake Passage, the extremely rough waters”可知，他们要达到最南端的大陆，首先要穿过Drake Passage。故选C项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“将近两天的时间里，我们一直在滑倒，这是一个挑战，”哈姆比说。A. shock震惊；B. memory记忆；C. try尝试；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“For almost two days, we were a slipping and sliding”可知，他们不断滑倒，因此这对他们来说是一个“挑战”符合语境。故选D项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我们踏上南极洲时，我们忘记了这一切。A. reviewed回顾；B. forgot忘记；C. changed改变；D. found发现。根据下文的“The beauty of the Antarctic is just unbelievable”可知，南极的美景让他们“忘记”了旅途艰辛。故选B项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：南极洲的美丽简直令人难以置信，令人惊叹。A. amazing令人惊叹的；B. funny有趣的；C. powerful强大的；D. priceless无价的。根据上文的“The beauty of the Antarctic is just unbelievable”可知，此处应与“令人难以置信”并列的褒义词，“令人惊叹的”符合语境。故选A项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的三个月里，这对搭档在埃及骑过骆驼，在巴厘岛见过大象，在尼泊尔跳过舞。A. sold出售；B. raised饲养；C. bought购买；D. ridden骑。根据下文的“camels in Egypt”可知，此处指“骑”骆驼。故选D项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对哈姆比来说，这次旅行最好的部分是他们一路上遇到的人。A. day日子；B. problem问题；C. part部分；D. education教育。根据下文的“the people they met along the way”可知，遇到的人是旅行中最好的“部分”。故选C项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们还为那些担心自己冒险时语言障碍的旅行者分享了一条重要建议。A. advice建议；B. warning警告；C. news新闻；D. plan计划。根据下文的“for travellers who worried about the language barrier on their own adventures.”可知，对那些担心自己冒险时语言障碍的旅行者，他们应该是分享了重要的“建议”符合语境。故选A项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈姆比说：“有一种通用语言叫微笑。我们发现这很有效，因为我们经常意识到这里不说英语。但一个微笑就能跨越所有语言障碍。”A. body身体；B. smile微笑；C. English英语；D. silence沉默。根据下文“But a smile”和“all languages”可知，她们认为“微笑”是共通的语言。故选B项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈姆比说：“有一种通用语言叫微笑。我们发现这很有效，因为我们经常意识到这里不说英语。但一个微笑就能跨越所有语言障碍。”A. worked起作用；B. appeared出现；C. failed失败；D. worsened恶化。根据下文的“because we were often aware there was not English spoken”可知，没有人说英语，所以，微笑在语言不通时“起作用”符合语境。故选A项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈姆比说：“有一种通用语言叫微笑。我们发现这很有效，因为我们经常意识到这里不说英语。但一个微笑就能跨越所有语言障碍。”A. creates创造；B. decides决定；C. covers涵盖、代替；D. ends结束。根据上文“there was not English spoken”和下文“all languages”可知，没有人说英语，微笑能“代替”所有的语言。故选C项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们还鼓励其他年长的旅行者不要让年龄阻止他们。A. help帮助；B. stop阻止；C. push推动；D. hurt伤害。根据上文的“A pair of best friends from Texas are proving adventure doesn’t have an age limit — even when you’re 81.”和下文的“Get up out of your easy chair, step out of your comfort zone”可知，德克萨斯州一对最好的朋友证明了冒险没有年龄限制——即使你81岁了，她们鼓励人们不要让年龄“阻止”冒险。故选B项。 14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：从安乐椅上站起来，走出你的舒适区，学习新事物。A. take up开始从事（学习）；B. take over接管；C. take place发生；D. take away拿走。根据上文的“Get up out of your easy chair, step out of your comfort zone”可知，此处建议人们走出舒适区，结合下文的“new things”可知，此处指“学习”新事物，符合语境。故选A项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：记住，年龄只是一个数字。A. record记录；B. number数字；C. dream梦想；D. reason原因。根据上文“A pair of best friends from Texas are proving adventure doesn’t have an age limit — even when you’re 81.”可知，德克萨斯州一对最好的朋友证明了冒险没有年龄限制——即使你81岁了，此处表示年龄只是一个“数字”符合语境。故选B项。 2 Wedding pictures are meant to record memories and romance, but for one couple, there was a brave and unexpected turn to their photo shoot that will never be forgotten. Clayton and Brittany Cook were 1 for their wedding photos on a park bridge in Cambridge, Ontario, when the groom noticed a young boy was 2 in the nearby water. Darren Hatt, the wedding photographer, said it was the bride who first noticed the boy, as she was the only one facing the 3 . “I look over and see Clay in the water and I 4 , what is he doing?” the bride said. Within seconds of noticing there was a child 5 , her husband had jumped into the river — in his wedding suit — to 6 him on to dry land. “His face was underwater and he was fighting, like he was really fighting,” Clayton Cook said. According to the couple and Hatt, who captured (抓拍) the groom’s 7 moment, it appeared that the child had fallen into the water while playing in the park. 8 , he seemed to be alright but a bit frightened. He then went off with one of his elder brothers. Following the dramatic (戏剧性的) photo session, Darren Hatt shared two pictures of the 9 rescue on his Facebook page. Many commenters have described Cook’s 10 as brave. “Mr. Cook deserved 11 . He sprung into action unbelievably quickly,” Hatt said. “Almost as soon as I 12 what was going on, he had already saved the day.” As for Mrs. Cook, she said her husband’s 13 actions are exactly why she married him. “It’s something he would just instinctively (本能的) do,” she said. “Most people would probably make the same 14 .” It might have been a (an) 15 start to married life, but it sounds like these two are made for each other. 1．A．moving B．preparing C．arguing D．looking 2．A．struggling B．boating C．swimming D．surfing 3．A．river B．groom C．photographer D．bridge 4．A．laugh B．wonder C．doubt D．imagine 5．A．in charge B．in relief C．in turn D．in danger 6．A．track B．accompany C．pull D．lower 7．A．precious B．dangerous C．heroic D．scary 8．A．Hopefully B．Thankfully C．Finally D．Definitely 9．A．unexpected B．comfortable C．pleasant D．exciting 10．A．signals B．strategy C．efforts D．survival 11．A．mention B．consideration C．attention D．praise 12．A．illustrated B．explained C．realized D．indicated 13．A．selfless B．wise C．orderly D．intentional 14．A．impression B．contribution C．choice D．chance 15．A．wild B．unusual C．false D．ordinary 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．C 15．B 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一对夫妇在拍摄婚纱照的时候，丈夫跳进河里救起了一名在水里挣扎的男孩，摄影师把照片发布到网上，得到了网友的好评。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：克莱顿和布里坦妮·库克正在安大略省坎伯比市的一座公园桥上拍摄他们的婚纱照，这时新郎注意到附近水域中有一个小男孩正在苦苦挣扎。A. moving移动；B. preparing准备；C. arguing争论；D. looking看。根据后文“for their wedding photos”可知，他们在为拍婚纱照作准备。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：克莱顿和布里坦妮·库克正在安大略省坎伯比市的一座公园桥上拍摄他们的婚纱照，这时新郎注意到附近水域中有一个小男孩正在苦苦挣扎。A. struggling挣扎；B. boating划船；C. swimming游泳；D. surfing冲浪。根据后文“it appeared that the child had fallen into the water while playing in the park.”以及““His face was underwater and he was fighting, like he was really fighting,” Clayton Cook said.”可知，男孩掉进了水里，在水里挣扎。故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：婚礼摄影师达伦·哈特说，是新娘首先注意到这个男孩，因为她是唯一一个面朝河的人。A. river河流；B. groom新郎；C. photographer摄影师；D. bridge桥梁。根据“it was the bride who first noticed the boy”可知，新娘当时面朝着河，所以最先注意到小男孩。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我看过去，看见克莱在水里，我想知道，他在做什么？”新娘说。A. laugh笑；B. wonder想知道；C. doubt怀疑；D. imagine想象。根据后文“what is he doing?”可知，新娘当时好奇对方在做什么。故选B。 5．考查介词短语辨析。句意：在注意到有个孩子有危险的几秒钟内，她的丈夫穿着结婚礼服跳进河里，把孩子拉到干燥的陆地上。A. in charge负责；B. in relief显著地，松了口气；C. in turn依次；D. in danger在危险中。根据后文“it appeared that the child had fallen into the water while playing in the park.”可知，孩子落水，处于危险中。故选D。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在注意到有个孩子有危险的几秒钟内，她的丈夫穿着结婚礼服跳进河里，把孩子拉到干燥的陆地上。A. track跟踪；B. accompany陪伴；C. pull拉；D. lower降低。根据上文“her husband had jumped into the river”以及后文“him on to dry land”可知，新郎把落水的孩子拉到了陆地上。故选C。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：根据这对夫妇以及拍下了新郎的英雄时刻的哈特说，孩子似乎是在公园里玩耍时掉进水里的。A. precious宝贵的；B. dangerous危险的；C. heroic英雄的；D. scary可怕的。根据上文“her husband had jumped into the river”可知，新郎跳进河里救人，摄影师哈特拍下了这个英雄时刻。故选C。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，他似乎没事，但有点害怕。A. Hopefully有希望地；B. Thankfully幸好，感谢地；C. Finally最后；D. Definitely肯定地。根据后文“he seemed to be alright”可知，幸好男孩没事，Thankfully传递庆幸之情。故选B。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这一戏剧性的拍摄之后，达伦·哈特在他的Facebook页面上分享了两张意想不到的救援任务的照片。A. unexpected意外的，出乎意料的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. pleasant令人愉快的，宜人的；D. exciting令人激动的。根据后文“rescue mission on his Facebook page”以及上文“Wedding pictures are meant to record memories and romance, but for one couple, there was a brave and unexpected turn to their photo shoot that will never be forgotten.”可知，当时他们本来是在拍摄婚纱照，结果意外救了落水的男孩。故选A。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多评论者认为库克的努力是勇敢的。A. signals信号；B. strategy策略；C. efforts努力；D. survival幸存。此处指上文“her husband had jumped into the river — in his wedding suit — to ____6____ him on to dry land.”新郎跳进水里救男孩的行为，评论者称赞新郎救援付出的努力是勇敢的。故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：库克值得表扬。A. mention提及；B. consideration考虑；C. attention注意力；D. praise赞美，表扬。根据上文“Many commenters have described Cook’s ____10____ as brave.”以及下文“He sprung into action unbelievably quickly”可知，库克勇敢、行动迅速，值得表扬。故选D。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“几乎在我意识到发生了什么事的时候，他就已经挽救了局面。”A. illustrated说明；B. explained解释；C. realized意识到；D. indicated表明。根据上文“He sprung into action unbelievably quickly”以及后文“what was going on, he had already saved the day”可知，库克行动非常迅速，当哈特意识到发生的事情时，库克已经跳入水中把落水的孩子救上来了。故选C。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于库克夫人，她说丈夫无私的行为正是她嫁给他的原因。A. selfless无私的；B. wise明智的；C. orderly有条理的；D. intentional故意的。根据后文“It’s something he would just instinctively do(他会本能地这么做)”以及丈夫穿着结婚礼服跳进水里救起男孩，说明库克的行为是无私的。故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“大多数人可能也会做出同样的选择。”A. impression印象；B. contribution贡献；C. choice选择；D. chance机会。上文“her husband had jumped into the river — in his wedding suit — to ____6____ him on to dry land.”讲述库克穿着结婚礼服跳进河里救出落水男孩，此处指面临有人落水这样的事情，大多数人也会和库克一样选择去救人，即做出跟库克同样的选择。故选C。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这或许是个不同寻常的婚姻开端，但听起来这两人显然是天生一对。A. wild野生的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. false错误的；D. ordinary普通的。根据上文“Wedding pictures are meant to record memories and romance, but for one couple, there was a brave and unexpected turn to their photo shoot that will never be forgotten.”所讲述的一对新人在拍婚纱照时救了溺水的男孩，可知，此处指这可能是婚姻生活的一个不寻常的开始，故选B。 3 The Library Cart Ms. Patterson, our town librarian, had pushed her wooden book cart (手推车) through Maple Street for a decade. After her stroke (中风) last winter, the cart 1 in the library basement, its wheels rusting (生锈). Every time I passed it, memories flooded back: her handing me my first chapter book, her 2 smile when I returned novels with dogeared pages. One March morning, I found the cart tipped over, books scattered like fallen leaves. “We’re clearing space,” the new librarian said 3 . My chest tightened. That afternoon, I wheeled the cart home, its squeaks echoing my determination. Dad helped me sand the handles. Mom sewed new canvas shelves. Soon, our “Little Free Library on Wheels” was ready. On its very first trip, I 4 nervously outside the retirement home. Mrs. Jenkins, the knitting club leader, peered through her glasses. “Well! You’re going to 5 the idea that we work together to build a community with shared interests, right?” The cart became a bridge. Children 6 picture books with wide­eyed delight. Mr. Thompson, the retired engineer, left some instructive and engaging books with handwritten notes tucked (塞进) inside. Even stray cats (流浪猫) curled around its wheels, as if guarding literary 7 . One rainy Thursday, Ms. Patterson’s niece wheeled her into our path. Her left hand 8 slightly as she touched the polished wood. “You … kept the spirit,” she whispered, her voice 9 but clear. That moment, I realized the cart wasn’t about books — it was about connections   10 generations. The cart’s success 11 others. High school students started a reading club, 12 discussing books every Friday. Local shops donated 13 materials — Mr. Lee’s hardware store gave away free paint, and the bakery offered cookies for story hours. Ms. Patterson passed away last month. When I push her cart under maple trees now, the shade feels like her gentle hand 14 us forward. Now, our cart wears a plaque (匾牌): “ 15 Ms. Patterson, who knew stories heal hearts.” Sometimes, the quietest acts of kindness can rebuild what time erodes (侵蚀). 1．A．gathered dust B．shone brightly C．broke down D．moved fast 2．A．nervous B．patient C．faint D．fake 3．A．excitedly B．hesitantly C．warmly D．coldly 4．A．danced B．slept C．shouted D．parked 5．A．promote B．scold C．ignore D．process 6．A．burned B．wrote C．borrowed D．hid 7．A．instructions B．treasures C．updates D．textbooks 8．A．sweated B．pointed C．waved D．trembled 9．A．weak B．loud C．musical D．slow 10．A．without B．from C．between D．against 11．A．confused B．inspired C．stopped D．forgot 12．A．eagerly B．rarely C．angrily D．sharply 13．A．chief B．spare C．expensive D．odd 14．A．informing B．defending C．guiding D．forcing 15．A．In search of B．In need of C．In honor of D．In face of 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述旧图书手推车在传承中成为社区纽带，纪念帕特森女士的故事。 1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：去年冬天她中风后，手推车在图书馆地下室积满了灰尘，轮子生锈了。A. gathered dust积尘；B. shone brightly明亮闪耀；C. broke down故障；D. moved fast快速移动。根据下文的“in the library basement, its wheels rusting (生锈).”可知，手推车闲置后“积满灰尘”。故选A项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我经过它，记忆如潮水般涌来：她递给我第一本章节书，当我归还书页折角的小说时，她耐心的微笑。A. nervous紧张的；B. patient耐心的；C. faint微弱的；D. fake虚假的。根据下文的“when I returned novels with dogeared pages”可知，帕特森女士对读者的粗心表现出“耐心的”微笑。故选B项。 3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我们在清理空间，”新图书管理员冷淡地说。A. excitedly兴奋地；B. hesitantly犹豫地；C. warmly温暖地；D. coldly冷淡地。根据下文的“My chest tightened”可知，新管理员的态度“冷淡”，让作者感到难过。故选D项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在它的第一次旅行中，我紧张地把车停在养老院外面。A. danced跳舞；B. slept睡觉；C. shouted喊叫；D. parked停放。根据上文的“On its very first trip”以及下文的“outside the retirement home”可知，作者第一次将流动图书馆推出来，所以此处应是将流动图书馆“停放”在养老院外。故选D项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“嗯！你会推广我们共同努力建立一个有共同兴趣的社区的理念，对吗？”A. promote推广；B. scold责骂；C. ignore忽视；D. process处理。根据下文的“that we work together to build a community with shared interests”可知，詹金斯夫人认为流动图书馆能“推广”社区理念。故选A项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们睁大眼睛高兴地借阅图画书。A. burned燃烧；B. wrote书写；C. borrowed借阅；D. hid隐藏。根据上文的“The cart became a bridge.”以及下文的“picture books with wide­eyed delight”可知，流动图书馆成了一座桥梁，由此可知，此处指的是孩子们高兴地“借阅”图书。故选C项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：甚至流浪猫也蜷缩在轮子周围，仿佛在守护文学宝藏。A. instructions指示；B. treasures宝藏；C. updates更新；D. textbooks课本。根据上文的“as if guarding literary”可知，猫在守护着流动图书馆，由此可推断，此处将图书比作“宝藏”符合语境。故选B项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她触摸抛光的木头时，她的左手微微颤抖。A. sweated出汗；B. pointed指向；C. waved挥手；D. trembled颤抖。根据上文的“After her stroke (中风) last winter”以及“One rainy Thursday, Ms. Patterson’s niece wheeled her into our path.”可知，帕特森女士的侄女推着她来到了作者面前，中风后的帕特森女士手“颤抖”符合语境。故选D项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你……保持了这种精神，”她低声说，声音微弱但清晰。A. weak微弱的；B. loud大声的；C. musical悦耳的；D. slow缓慢的。根据上文的““You … kept the spirit,” she whispered”可知，她低声说话，由此可知，她的声音“微弱”符合语境。故选A项。 10．考查介词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我意识到这辆手推车无关书籍——它关乎代际之间的连接。A. without没有；B. from来自；C. between在……之间；D. against反对。根据上文的““You … kept the spirit,” she whispered”以及下文的“generations”可知，作者在帕特森女士中风后，继续保持着流动图书馆，由此可知，连接存在于“代际之间”符合语境。故选C项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：手推车的成功激励了其他人。A. confused使困惑；B. inspired激励；C. stopped阻止；D. forgot忘记。根据下文的“High school students started a reading club”可知，中学成立了读书俱乐部，由此可知，手推车“激励”了更多人参与。故选B项。 12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：高中生们成立了一个阅读俱乐部，每周五都热切地讨论书籍。A. eagerly热切地；B. rarely很少；C. angrily愤怒地；D. sharply尖锐地。根据上文的“The cart became a bridge. Children ___6___ picture books with wide­eyed delight.”以及“High school students started a reading club”可知，此处描述的是流动图书馆对人们的影响，由此可推断，学生们“热切地”参与讨论，符合语境。故选A项。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当地商店捐赠了备用物资——李先生的五金店赠送了免费油漆，面包店为故事时间提供了饼干。A. chief主要的；B. spare备用的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. odd奇怪的。根据下文的“Mr. Lee’s hardware store gave away free paint, and the bakery offered cookies for story hours.”可知，李先生的五金店赠送了免费油漆，面包店为故事时间提供了饼干，由此可知，此处捐赠的是“备用”物资。故选B项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我把她的手推车推到枫树下时，树荫就像她温柔的手引导我们前进。A. informing通知；B. defending防御；C. guiding引导；D. forcing强迫。根据下文的“Sometimes, the quietest acts of kindness can rebuild what time erodes (侵蚀).”可知，最无声的善举能重建被时光侵蚀的一切，由此可知推断，此处指的是树荫仿佛在“引导”人们前进。故选C项。 15．考查介词短语辨析。句意：现在，我们的手推车上挂着一块匾牌：“纪念帕特森女士，她知道故事能治愈心灵。”A. In search of寻找；B. In need of需要；C. In honor of纪念；D. In face of面对。根据上文的“Ms. Patterson passed away”可知，帕特森女士已经去世，所以，匾牌是为了“纪念”她。故选C项。 4 Candice Hicks was driving from Amherst to Oxford. She and her three kids went to 1 her dad because he planned to celebrate the New Year with the Hicks. She was close to her 2 but unluckily, her car hit a rut that made her lose control of the car. Her minivan fell into the river. 3 upside down on her seat belt, Candice 4 she was in great trouble and had no idea how to 5 her children. She eventually got her seat belt off and meanwhile Sophia, the eldest kid, 6，managed to 6 out of the van. The other two kids, Elise and Ethan, 7 , were still inside and Ethan wasn’t making any 8 . Candice failed to rescue them since her wrist (手腕) was broken. Sophia luckily succeeded in 9 Elise out of the car but Ethan was still stuck. Afterwards, Sophia swam to the shore and waved down a truck, whose driver, Terry, 10 down to rescue the family. With the help of a knife, Terry 11 Ethan’s seat belt and soon the whole family was in a 12 . The kids were all fine while Candice’s wrist needed a(n) 13 . RCMP (the police force) was inspired by 14 Sophia, so it gave her an Act of Heroism Award. Terry was also given a 15 by RCMP for his timely help. 1．A．see off B．wait for C．pick up D．look after 2．A．company B．destination C．field D．home 3．A．Lying B．Hanging C．Standing D．Floating 4．A．realized B．imagined C．insisted D．claimed 5．A．face B．seek C．educate D．save 6．A．get B．jump C．run D．walk 7．A．therefore B．perhaps C．however D．afterwards 8．A．decisions B．advances C．sounds D．mistakes 9．A．throwing B．requiring C．keeping D．pulling 10．A．drove B．rushed C．rode D．looked 11．A．cut B．set C．gained D．lifted 12．A．clinic B．hotel C．truck D．station 13．A．movement B．operation C．wash D．exercise 14．A．active B．patient C．brave D．outgoing 15．A．comment B．position C．prize D．response 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了坎迪斯・希克斯开车带着三个孩子去接父亲一起庆祝新年，途中车辆失控坠入河中，她和孩子们遭遇危险。在困境中，大女儿索菲亚勇敢应对，在司机特里的帮助下，最终一家人获救，索菲亚和特里分别因英勇行为和及时帮助获得嘉奖。 1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她和她的三个孩子去接她的父亲，因为他计划和希克斯一家一起庆祝新年。A. see off送行；B. wait for等待；C. pick up(开车)接人；D. look after照顾。根据下文 “because he planned to celebrate the New Year with the Hicks” 可知，是去接父亲一起过年，故选C。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她快到目的地了，但不幸的是，她的车压上了车辙，导致她失去了对车的控制。A. company公司；B. destination目的地；C. field田野；D. home家。根据上文“Candice Hicks was driving from Amherst to Oxford.”可知，这里说快到要去的地方了，即目的地，故选B。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：坎迪斯被安全带倒挂着，她意识到自己陷入了极大的麻烦，不知道如何救她的孩子。A. Lying躺；B. Hanging悬挂；C. Standing站；D. Floating漂浮。根据上文“Candice Hicks was driving from Amherst to Oxford.”可知，车坠入河中且人被安全带束缚，应是倒挂着，故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：坎迪斯被安全带倒挂着，她意识到自己陷入了极大的麻烦，不知道如何救她的孩子。A. realized意识到；B. imagined想象；C. insisted坚持；D. claimed声称。根据下文“she was in great trouble”可知，处于这种危险情况，她意识到遇到大麻烦，故选A。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：坎迪斯被安全带倒挂着，她意识到自己陷入了极大的麻烦，不知道如何救她的孩子。A. face面对；B. seek寻找；C. educate教育；D. save救。车坠河，根据上文“she was in great trouble”以及下文“her children.”可知，她不知道如何救孩子，故选D。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她最终解开了安全带，与此同时，6 岁的大女儿索菲亚设法从车里出来了。A. get (out of)从……出来；B. jump (out of)从……跳出来；C. run  (out of)从……跑出来；D. walk (out of)从……走出来。根据常识可知，车坠入河中，自然是设法从车里出来。get out of 表示 “从…… 出来”，符合语境，故选A。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，另外两个孩子，伊莉丝和伊桑，还在车里，而且伊桑没有发出任何声音。A. therefore因此；B. perhaps也许；C. however然而；D. afterwards后来。前面说索菲亚出来了，这里说另外两个孩子还在车里，是转折关系，故选 C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，另外两个孩子，伊莉丝和伊桑，还在车里，而且伊桑没有发出任何声音。A. decisions决定；B. advances前进，进展；C. sounds声音；D. mistakes错误。根据下文“Ethan was still stuck.”可知，孩子在危险中没发出声音，让人担心，故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：索菲亚幸运地成功把伊莉丝从车里拉了出来，但伊桑仍然被困在里面。A. throwing扔；B. requiring要求；C. keeping保持；D. pulling拉。根据常识和下文“Elise out of the car”可知，从车里把人弄出来，用 pull合适，故选D。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：之后，索菲亚游到岸边拦下一辆卡车，卡车司机特里冲下来救这一家人。A. drove驾驶；B. rushed冲；C. rode骑；D. looked看。根据下文“down to rescue the family.”可知，有人求救，司机应是急速冲下来帮忙，故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一把刀的帮助下，特里割断了伊桑的安全带，很快全家人都上了卡车。A. cut切割；B. set设置；C. gained获得；D. lifted举起。根据上文“With the help of a knife”可知，用刀割断安全带，故选A。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一把刀的帮助下，特里割断了伊桑的安全带，很快全家人都上了卡车。A. clinic诊所；B. hotel酒店；C. truck卡车；D. station车站。根据下文“waved down a truck,”可知，是卡车司机来救的他们，所以上了卡车，故选C。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们都没事，而坎迪斯的手腕需要做手术。A. movement运动；B. operation手术；C. wash清洗，洗刷；D. exercise锻炼。根据上文“Candice failed to rescue them since her wrist（手腕）”可知，坎迪斯手腕断了，需要手术，故选B。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：加拿大皇家骑警（警察部队）受到了勇敢的索菲亚的鼓舞，因此授予她英勇行为奖。A. active积极的；B. patient耐心的；C. brave勇敢的；D. outgoing外向的。根据上文“. Sophia luckily succeeded in...Elise out of the car but Ethan was still stuck.”可知，索菲亚在危险中救家人，很勇敢，故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：特里也因为他的及时帮助被加拿大皇家骑警授予了一个奖项。A. comment评论；B. position位置；C. prize奖品，奖项；D. response回应。根据下文“by RCMP for his timely help.”可知，因为帮助救人获得奖项，故选C。 5 After two years of efforts, young Mia finally reached her goal of becoming a Master Scuba Diver (潜水员). The title 1 a training level which few divers, even adults, have reached. Diving underwater is exciting but 2 . So organizations like Professional Association of Diving Instructors offer training 3 to make sure divers can enjoy themselves safely underwater. 4 by her mom who became an Open Water Diver in high school, Mia. started training at 10. Living in Rhode Island, where the oceans are cold and there is poor 5 , she didn’t let the terrible situation 6 her and she got herself Open Water Diver certificate (合格证书). Over the next two years, Mia kept 7 it and took several other courses to learn different 8 , like first aid and how to find her way underwater. Mia had finished 78 9 , far more than the 50 needed to become a Master Scuba Diver. 10 , she still had to wait until she was 12 for her last two courses. In February, Mia and her family 11 to Mexico, where Mia did most of the training required for the courses. On her birthday, she 12 the Advanced Open Water course. The next day, when she was 13 12, Mia finished the Rescue Diver course. 14 of becoming a Master Scuba Diver, Mia plans to get more training in the future. She 15 to become an ocean biologist. She’s particularly interested in marking and tracking sharks! 1．A．represents B．changes C．honors D．improves 2．A．legal B．special C．risky D．popular 3．A．clues B．courses C．limits D．debates 4．A．Inspired B．Forced C．Reminded D．Studied 5．A．food B．air C．eyesight D．view 6．A．make B．discourage C．strike D．reject 7．A．referring to B．thinking of C．working at D．looking through 8．A．skills B．orders C．exercises D．requirements 9．A．experiments B．shows C．trips D．dives 10．A．Otherwise B．However C．Thus D．Meanwhile 11．A．fell B．turned C．walked D．traveled 12．A．won B．took C．beat D．passed 13．A．virtually B．likely C．officially D．closely 14．A．Capable B．Proud C．Aware D．Afraid 15．A．desires B．pretends C．begins D．happens 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．D 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了年轻的Mia经过两年努力成为一名潜水大师的故事。她为此感到自豪，还渴望未来成为海洋生物学家。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个头衔代表了一个很少有潜水员，甚至是成年人，能达到的训练水平。A. represents代表；B. changes改变；C. honors尊敬；D. improves提高。根据下文“a training level which few divers, even adults, have reached.”可知，这个头衔代表了一个很少有潜水员，甚至是成年人，能达到的训练水平，故选A。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在水下潜水很刺激但有风险。A. legal合法的；B. special特别的；；C. risky有风险的；D. popular受欢迎的。根据下文“So organizations like Professional Association of Diving Instructors offer training... to make sure divers can enjoy themselves safely underwater.”可知，组织提供培训确保安全，所以潜水有风险，故选C。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以像专业潜水教练协会这样的组织提供培训课程，以确保潜水员能在水下安全地享受潜水。A. clues线索；B. courses课程；C. limits限制；D. debates辩论。根据下文“to make sure divers can enjoy themselves safely underwater”以及“took several other courses”可知，为保证安全提供的是培训课程，故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：受她在高中时成为开放水域潜水员的母亲的激励，Mia在10岁时开始训练。A. Inspired激励；B. Forced强迫；C. Reminded提醒；D. Studied学习。根据下文“by her mom who became an Open Water Diver in high school”可知，是母亲的经历激励她开始学习潜水，故选A。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她住在罗德岛，那里海洋寒冷且视野不佳，但她没有让这种糟糕的情况使她气馁，并且获得了开放水域潜水员合格证书。A. food食物；B. air空气；C. eyesight视力；D. view视野。根据下文“how to find her way underwater(如何在水下辨别方向)”和语境可知，在水下视野不佳，故选D。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她住在罗德岛，那里海洋寒冷且视野不佳，但她没有让这种糟糕的情况使她气馁，并且获得了开放水域潜水员合格证书。A. make制作；B. discourage使气馁；C. strike打击；D. reject拒绝。根据下文“she got herself Open Water Diver certificate (合格证书)”可知，她没有因恶劣条件而气馁，故选B。 7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在接下来的两年里，Mia一直努力学习，还参加了其他几门课程来学习不同的技能，比如急救和如何在水下辨别方向。A. referring to提及；B. thinking of想起；C. working at致力于；D. looking through浏览。根据下文“took several other courses to learn...different”可知，她一直努力学习潜水相关知识，故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的两年里，Mia一直努力学习，还参加了其他几门课程来学习不同的技能，比如急救和如何在水下辨别方向。A. skills技能；B. orders命令；C. exercises练习；D. requirements要求。根据下文“like first aid and how to find her way underwater.”可知，急救和水下辨别方向属于技能，故选A。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mia已经完成了78次潜水，远远超过成为一名潜水大师所需的 50 次。A. experiments实验；B. shows展示；C. trips旅行；D. dives潜水。根据下文“far more than the 50 needed to become a Master Scuba Diver”可知，这里说的是潜水次数，故选D。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她仍然要等到12岁才能参加最后两门课程。A. Otherwise否则；B. However然而；C. Thus因此；D. Meanwhile同时。上文说完成次数够了，下文说要等年龄到12岁，上下文是转折关系，故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2月，Mia和她的家人前往墨西哥，在那里Mia完成了课程所需的大部分训练。A. fell落下；B. turned转向；C. walked步行；D. traveled旅行，前往。根据下文“to Mexico, where Mia did most of the training required for the courses.”可知，去墨西哥用travel to，合乎逻辑，故选D。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她生日那天，她通过了进阶开放水域课程。A. won赢得；B. took拿，参加；C. beat打败；D. passed通过。根据下文“Mia finished the Rescue Diver course.”可知，通过课程用passed，故选D。 13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：第二天，当她正式满12岁时，Mia完成了救援潜水员课程。A. virtually实际上；B. likely可能地；C. officially正式地；D. closely紧密地。根据上文“On her birthday”以及空后“12”可知，此处指正式满12岁，故选C。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mia为成为一名潜水大师而自豪，她计划在未来接受更多训练。A. Capable有能力的；B. Proud自豪的；C. Aware意识到的；D. Afraid害怕的。根据下文“becoming a Master Scuba Diver”可知，成为潜水大师应感到自豪，故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她渴望成为一名海洋生物学家。A. desires渴望；B. pretends假装；C. begins开始；D. happens发生。根据下文“She’s particularly interested in marking and tracking sharks!”可知，她对海洋生物感兴趣，所以是渴望成为海洋生物学家，故选A。 6 A decade ago, I began an investigation into the secrets of luck. I wanted to know why some people were 1 in the right place at the right time, while others always experienced misfortune. I 2 notices in newspapers asking those who felt lucky or unlucky to contact me. Hundreds volunteered for my 3 . Over the years, I interviewed them and had them 4 various experiments. I conducted a simple 5 to determine if differences in luck were due to differences in their ability to 6 opportunities. I gave both groups a newspaper and asked them to count the photographs. I had 7 placed a bold (加粗) message midway saying, “Tell the experimenter you have seen this and win $50.” This 8 occupied half the page, written in over two-inch type. It stared everyone in the face, yet the unlucky tended to 9 it while the lucky spotted it. Unlucky people are generally more 10 , and this anxiety weakens their ability to notice the 11 . As a result, they miss opportunities by over-focusing on specific goals. They attend events just for finding a partner, missing chances to make friends. They look through newspapers 12 to find certain types of job, missing other types of jobs. Lucky people are more relaxed and open, seeing what is there 13 exactly what they need. My research suggested that lucky people create good fortune via four 14 . They are good at recognizing chance opportunities, making intuitive (直觉) decisions, forming self-fulfilling prophecies (预言) with positive expectations, and adopting an attitude that 15 bad luck into good. 1．A．never B．always C．sometimes D．seldom 2．A．posted B．edited C．created D．read 3．A．game B．adventure C．research D．contest 4．A．participate in B．call off C．look into D．carry out 5．A．observation B．experiment C．competition D．discussion 6．A．share B．predict C．decline D．identify 7．A．hesitantly B．carelessly C．secretly D．excitedly 8．A．copy B．message C．diagram D．introduction 9．A．miss B．pass C．revise D．misunderstand 10．A．nervous B．careless C．awkward D．pitiful 11．A．unaffected B．unexplained C．unchanged D．unexpected 12．A．confident B．disappointed C．determined D．surprised 13．A．as to B．but for C．regardless of D．rather than 14．A．goals B．preferences C．principles D．beliefs 15．A．throws B．transforms C．takes D．forces 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．A 11．D 12．C 13．D 14．C 15．B 【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文通过一项关于“运气”的研究，揭示了幸运者与不幸者的行为差异：不幸者因焦虑而过度专注特定目标，错过意外机会；幸运者则更放松开放，能识别机会、凭直觉决策，并通过积极心态将厄运转化为好运。研究总结出幸运者创造好运的四个原则，强调心态和行为模式对“运气”的影响。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想知道为什么有些人总是在正确的时间出现在正确的地方，而另一些人却总是遭遇不幸。A. never从不；B. always总是；C. sometimes有时；D. seldom很少。根据下文“while others always experienced misfortune.”可知，通过while形成对比逻辑，“others always”提示上文应与“always”对应，强调幸运者总是处于正确的时间和地点。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在报纸上刊登启事，邀请那些自认为幸运或不幸的人联系我。A. posted发布；B. edited编辑；C. created创造；D. read阅读。根据下文“notices in newspapers asking those who felt lucky or unlucky to contact me”可知，作者在报纸上发布通知征集参与者。故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：数百人自愿参与我的研究。A. game游戏；B. adventure冒险；C. research研究；D. contest比赛。首段首句“I began an investigation into the secrets of luck”明确主题为“调查幸运的秘密”，因此志愿者参与的是研究。故选C。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：多年来，我采访了他们，并让他们参与了各种实验。A. participate in参加；B. call off取消；C. look into调查；D. carry out执行。根据“various experiments”可知，作者让他们参与了各种实验。故选A。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我进行了一项简单的实验，以确定运气的差异是否源于人们识别机会的能力不同。A. observation观察；B. experiment实验；C. competition竞争；D. discussion讨论。根据下文“I gave both groups a newspaper and asked them to count the photographs.”可知，下文详细描述了“给两组人报纸数照片”的过程，属于具体的实验设计。故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我进行了一项简单的实验，以确定运气的差异是否源于人们识别机会的能力不同。A. share分享；B. predict预测；C. decline下降；D. identify识别。根据下文“It stared everyone in the face, yet the unlucky tended to 　　9　　 it while the lucky spotted it.”可知，幸运者发现了明显的获奖信息，而不幸者错过，说明关键能力是识别机会。故选D。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我偷偷地在报纸中间位置用加粗字体写了一条信息：“告诉实验人员你看到了这条信息，就能赢得50美元。”A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. carelessly粗心地；C. secretly秘密地；D. excitedly兴奋地。根据下文“midway”和“stared everyone in the face”可知，研究者秘密地放置信息，以测试参与者是否主动注意到意外线索。故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这条信息占据了一半的版面，用两英寸多高的字体写着。A. copy副本；B. message信息；C. diagram图表；D. introduction介绍。根据上文“I had 　　7　　 placed a bold (加粗) message midway saying”可知，此处是信息词message的词汇复现。故选B。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它直视着每个人的脸，但不幸的人往往会错过它，而幸运的人却发现了它。A. miss错过；B. pass通过；C. revise修改；D. misunderstand误解。根据“while the lucky spotted it”可知，while表对比，“spotted”（发现）的反义词为“错过（miss）”。故选A。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的人通常更紧张，这种焦虑削弱了他们注意意外事物的能力。A. nervous紧张的；B. careless粗心的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. pitiful可怜的。根据下文“and this anxiety weakens their ability to notice the 　　11　　.”可知，不幸的人通常更紧张。故选A。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的人通常更紧张，这种焦虑削弱了他们注意意外事物的能力。A. unaffected未受影响的；B. unexplained未解释的；C. unchanged未改变的；D. unexpected意外的。实验中的获奖信息属于“意外的（unexpected）”机会，不幸者因过度专注目标而忽略意外线索。故选D。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们翻阅报纸，决心找到某种类型的工作，却错过了其他类型的工作。A. confident自信的；B. disappointed失望的；C. determined坚定的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据上文“by over-focusing on specific goals.”可知，不幸者专注于特定目标，因此他们决心找到某种类型的工作。故选C。 13．考查介词短语辨析。句意：幸运的人则更放松、更开放，他们会关注眼前的一切，而不仅仅是自己需要的东西。A. as to至于；B. but for要不是；C. regardless of不管；D. rather than而不是。根据上文“Lucky people are more relaxed and open,”可知，这样的性格特质决定了幸运的人看到的是存在的东西，而不仅仅是他们需要的东西。故选D。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的研究表明，幸运的人通过四个原则创造好运。A. goals目标；B. preferences偏好；C. principles原则；D. beliefs信仰。根据下文“They are good at recognizing chance opportunities, making intuitive (直觉) decisions, forming self-fulfilling prophecies (预言) with positive expectations, and adopting an attitude that 　　15　　 bad luck into good.”可知，下文列举的四点（识别机会、直觉决策等）属于幸运者遵循的原则。故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们善于识别偶然机会，能凭直觉做出决策，用积极的期望形成自我实现的预言，并拥有将厄运转化为好运的心态。A. throws扔；B. transforms转变；C. takes拿；D. forces强迫。根据“bad luck into good”可知，此处表示把厄运变成好运，应用transforms。故选B。 7 Body language is the quietest, most secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 1 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 2 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication takes up about 50% of what we really 3 . And body language is particularly 4 when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so 5 a part of us that it’s actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 6 , different societies often treat the 7 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends, and certainly not with 8 . People from Latin American countries, 9 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it’s possible that in conversation, it may look like a Latino is 10 a Norwegian all around the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving closer. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 11 —which the Latino will in return regard as 12 . Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 13 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from different cultures, there’s a strong possibility of 14 . But whatever the situation, the best advice is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 105 1．A．sharper B．louder C．harder D．further 2．A．sounds B．opinions C．feelings D．messages 3．A．assist B．receive C．discover D．mean 4．A．immediate B．various C．important D．difficult 5．A．well B．far C．much D．long 6．A．For example B．Thus C．However D．In short 7．A．profit B．distance C．effect D．image 8．A．strangers B．partners C．neighbors D．enemies 9．A．in other words B．on the other hand C．in a similar way D．by all means 10．A．disturbing B．helping C．guiding D．following 11．A．stepping forward B．going on C．backing away D．coming out 12．A．weakness B．rudeness C．friendliness D．coldness 13．A．talk B．explore C．laugh D．think 14．A．curiosity B．eagerness C．misunderstanding D．tension 15．A．noticed B．treated C．concerned D．satisfied 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了肢体语言在人际交往和跨文化交流中的重要性，不同文化背景下肢体语言的差异可能导致误解，并提出遵循 “己所不欲，勿施于人” 这一黄金法则来避免误解。 1．考查副词比较级词义辨析。句意：它比言语更有说服力。A. sharper更准时地；B. louder更大声地（此处表示更有说服力）；C. harder更努力地；D. further更进一步。根据前文“Body language is the quietest, most powerful language of all!”可知，肢体语言是最强大的语言，所以它比言语更能表达意思，即更有说服力，故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：据专家说，我们的身体发出的信息比我们意识到的要多。A. sounds声音；B. opinions观点；C. feelings感觉；D. messages信息。根据上文“Body language is the quietest, most secret and most powerful language of all!”可知，身体语言传递的是信息，故选D。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，非语言交流约占我们真正想表达内容的 50%。A. assist帮助；B. receive接收；C. discover发现；D. mean意味着，想表达。根据“non-verbal communication takes up about 50% of what we really ”可知，这里指我们真正想表达的内容，故选D。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们试图进行跨文化交流时，肢体语言尤为重要。A. immediate立即的；B. various各种各样的；C. important重要的；D. difficult困难的。根据下文“when we attempt to communicate across cultures.”可知，在跨文化交流中，肢体语言很重要，故选C。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，所谓的肢体语言是我们自身如此重要的一部分，以至于它常常不被注意到。A. well好；B. far远；C. much非常，很大程度上；D. long长久。根据下文“a part of us”可知，肢体语言是我们自身如此重要的一部分。so much a part of 表示 “是…… 如此重要的一部分”，故选C。 6．考查短语及副词辨析。句意：例如，不同的社会往往对人与人之间的距离有不同的看法。A. For example例如；B. Thus因此；C. However然而；D. In short总之。根据下文“Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends”可知，这里是举例说明肢体语言导致误解，故选A。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，不同的社会往往对人与人之间的距离有不同的看法。A. profit利润；B. distance距离；C. effect影响；D. image形象。根据后文“Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends, and certainly not with... People from Latin American countries, ..., touch each other quite a lot.”提到北欧人和拉丁美洲人对身体接触的不同态度，即对人与人之间距离的看法不同，故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：北欧人通常不喜欢与朋友有身体接触，当然更不喜欢与陌生人有身体接触。A. strangers陌生人；B. partners伙伴；C. neighbors邻居；D. enemies敌人。根据前文“Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends”可知，北欧人不喜欢和朋友有身体接触，更不喜欢和陌生人，故选A。 9．考查短语辨析。句意：另一方面，拉丁美洲国家的人相互之间接触较多。A. in other words换句话说；B. on the other hand另一方面；C. in a similar way以类似的方式；D. by all means务必。这里与北欧人情况对比，用 on the other hand，故选B。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在交谈中，可能看起来一个拉丁美洲人在房间里一直跟着一个挪威人。A. disturbing打扰；B. helping帮助；C. guiding引导；D. following跟随。根据下文“The Latino, trying to express friendship”可知，因为拉丁美洲人想靠近表示友好，而挪威人不喜欢身体接触，因此躲避，所以像拉丁美洲人在跟着挪威人，故选D。 11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：挪威人很可能会把这视为鲁莽，会一直往后退 —— 而拉丁美洲人反过来会认为这是冷漠。A. stepping forward向前走；B. going on继续；C. backing away后退；D. coming out出现在公众视野。根据上文“The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness”可知，挪威人不喜欢靠近，所以会后退，故选C。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：挪威人很可能会把这视为鲁莽，会一直往后退 —— 而拉丁美洲人反过来会认为这是冷漠。A. weakness弱点；B. rudeness粗鲁；C. friendliness友好；D. coldness冷漠。根据“ The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving closer. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 11 ”可知，友好的拉丁美洲人会觉得挪威人的后退是冷漠，故选D。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：显然，当人们交谈时，很多事情在发生。A. talk交谈；B. explore探索；C. laugh笑；D. think思考。根据上文“when we attempt to communicate across cultures.”可知，文章主要讲交谈中的肢体语言，故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当双方来自不同文化时，很有可能产生误解。A. curiosity好奇；B. eagerness渴望；C. misunderstanding误解；D. tension紧张。根据前文“when parties are from different cultures”可知，不同文化背景下肢体语言差异易导致误解，故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但无论情况如何，最好的建议是遵循黄金法则：己所不欲，勿施于人。A. noticed注意到；B. treated对待；C. concerned关心；D. satisfied使满意。根据前文“treat others”可知，这里指像你希望被对待的方式那样去对待别人，故选B。 8 Finding the right exercise for you depends on your motivations and preferences. If you’re looking to expand your social network, 1 a fitness class can be ideal as it allows you to bond with others 2 the same experience. If you’re worried about 3 , you can form a free running or walking group for free. Exercising with others has 4 benefits, too. A study found that people who exercised with others some or all of the time reported better physical and mental health than those who 5 exercised alone, even with less frequent exercise. For those motivated by body image, you can 6 whole-body activities like dance, boxing, or mountain biking. These activities provide a comprehensive workout, offering multiple stress-relieving 7 all at once. But if you 8 exercising alone, bodyweight exercises like push-ups can yield similar results. Ensure you 9 exercises suitable for your age and fitness level. Motivations, like improved 10 after serious illness, or increased happiness after a period of depression are both 11 reasons to exercise regularly. And, activities like swimming, tennis, walking, or gardening can provide a 12 from busy days. While some may seem less 13 , any exercise is better than none. 14 , you can always adjust your 15 based on your changing needs. Ultimately, the best exercise is the one that you enjoy and will frequently engage in. 1．A．attending B．visiting C．estimating D．instructing 2．A．staring at B．dreaming of C．searching for D．going through 3．A．weather B．security C．costs D．profits 4．A．environmental B．additional C．monthly D．economic 5．A．seldom B．ever C．only D．still 6．A．consider B．abandon C．promote D．identify 7．A．tests B．games C．plans D．effects 8．A．dislike B．practice C．prefer D．suggest 9．A．buy B．borrow C．choose D．continue 10．A．health B．intelligence C．service D．comfort 11．A．similar B．wrong C．common D．various 12．A．break B．signal C．delay D．degree 13．A．frequent B．professional C．appropriate D．active 14．A．Instead B．Otherwise C．However D．Moreover 15．A．diet B．routine C．address D．topic 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．C 10．A 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．D 15．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕如何找到适合自己的运动方式展开，根据个人的动机和偏好进行选择，并指出不同运动方式带来的益处，鼓励人们坚持锻炼。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你想要拓展你的社交圈，参加健身课程可能是理想的选择，因为它让你与他人建立联系，经历相同的体验。A. attending参加；B. visiting参观；C. estimating估计；D. instructing指导。根据下文“a fitness class can be ideal”可知，此处强调的是参与健身课程，故选A项。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意同第1题。A. staring at盯着看；B. dreaming of梦想；C. searching for寻找；D. going through经历。根据下文“the same experience”可知，此处说的是经历相同的体验，故选D项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你担心费用问题，你可以组织一个免费的跑步或步行小组。A. weather天气；B. security安全；C. costs费用；D. profits利润。根据下文“you can form a free running or walking group for free Exercising”可推理出此处说的是担心费用的问题，故选C项。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他人一起锻炼还有额外的好处。A. environmental环境的；B. additional额外的；C. monthly每月的；D. economic经济的。根据下文“A study found that people who exercised with others some or all of the time reported better physical and mental health”，可知下文说的是一项研究发现，那些部分或全部时间与他人一起锻炼的人报告了更好的身体和心理健康状况，这属于额外的附加优势，故选B项。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一项研究发现，那些有时或总是与他人一起锻炼的人，即使锻炼频率较低，其身心健康状况也比那些只独自锻炼的人更好。A. seldom很少；B. ever曾经；C. only仅仅；D. still仍然。根据上文“ A study found that people who exercised with others some or all of the time reported better physical and mental health than those”可推理出此处突出后者锻炼方式单一，空白处应填“仅仅”含义的表达，故选C项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你的动机是身体形象，你可以考虑全身性的活动，如舞蹈、拳击或山地自行车。A. consider考虑；B. abandon放弃；C. promote促进；D. identify识别。根据上文“For those motivated by body image”以及下文“whole-body activities like dance, boxing, or mountain biking”可知，上文说的是动机是身体形象，下文说的是诸如舞蹈、拳击或山地自行车等全身性的活动，可推理出此处推荐活动，所以空白处应填表示“考虑”含义的表达，故选A项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些活动提供全面的锻炼，同时带来多种减压效果。A. tests测试；B. games游戏；C. plans计划；D. effects效果。根据上文“offering multiple stress-relieving”可知，上文提到了减压，可推理出这里指的是这些活动带来的心理效应，故选D项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但如果你更喜欢独自锻炼，像俯卧撑这样的自重训练也能产生类似的效果。A. dislike不喜欢；B. practice练习；C. prefer更喜欢；D. suggest建议。根据下文“bodyweight exercises like push-ups can yield similar results”，可知下文说的是自重训练也能产生类似效果，可推理出此处说的是如果更喜欢独自锻炼，故选C项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：确保你选择适合自己年龄和健康水平的运动。A. buy购买；B. borrow借入；C. choose选择；D. continue继续。根据下文“suitable for your age and fitness level”可推理出这里强调挑选合适的运动项目，故选C项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些动机，比如严重疾病后的健康改善，或抑郁期后的幸福感增强，都是规律锻炼的常见原因。A. health健康；B. intelligence智力；C. service服务；D. comfort舒适。根据下文“after serious illness”可推理出此处说的是严重疾病后的健康改善，故选A项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同第10题。A. similar相似的；B. wrong错误的；C. common常见的；D. various各种各样的。根据上文“increased happiness after a period of depression”以及下文“reasons to exercise regularly”可推理出此处说的是规律锻炼的常见原因，故选C项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：而像游泳、打网球、散步或园艺这样的活动可以在繁忙的日子里提供短暂的休息。A. break休息；B. signal信号；C. delay延迟；D. degree程度。根据上文“activities like swimming tennis, walking, or gardening can provide”以及下文“from busy days”可推理出此处说的是像游泳、打网球、散步或园艺这样的活动可以在繁忙的日子里提供短暂的休息，故选A项。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然有些运动看起来运动量不大，但任何运动都比没有好。A. frequent频繁的；B. professional专业的；C. appropriate合适的；D. active活跃的。根据上文“activities like swimming tennis, walking, or gardening”以及下文“any exercise is better than none”可知，上文提到了像游泳、打网球、散步或园艺这样的活动，下文提到了任何运动都比没有好，可推理出此处说的是有些运动看起来运动量不那么大，D项“active（尤指体力上）活跃的)”表示的含义符合语境，注意易混项B项：some是指代前面出现的（ swimming, tennis, walking, or gardening）某些活动，但活动本身并没有专不专业的说法。故选D项。 14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，你也可以根据不断变化的需求调整你的日常锻炼计划。A. Instead相反；B. Otherwise否则；C. However然而；D. Moreover此外。根据下文“you can always adjust”以及“based on your changing needs”可知这里是递进关系，表达“除了上述之外，还可以调整”，故选D项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意同第14题。A. diet饮食；B. routine日常安排；C. address地址；D. topic话题。根据下文“based on your changing needs”可推理出这里指你也可以根据不断变化的需求调整你的日常锻炼计划，故选B项。 9 Electric vehicles (EVs) have become more popular as climate change concerns grow. Unlike gasoline cars, EVs run on electricity, making them an 1 choice for reducing emissions (排放). As battery technology 2 , EVs have become ideal for daily use, with longer driving ranges. 3 , there is still a shortage of charging stations in many areas, making it inconvenient for drivers. Governments 4 more stations, but this remains a challenge. Despite their benefits, EVs still face some obstacles (障碍). For example, the high cost of purchasing an EV is a 5 for many consumers. Although prices have 6 , the technology is still in its early stages and needs further improvement. Battery production also raises concerns about the environmental impact of mining materials such as lithium (锂) and cobalt (钴), which 7 to make batteries. To address this, researchers are working on better recycling methods to make EVs more manageable. Moreover, as EV use increases, cities 8 their infrastructure (基础设施) to support more charging stations. The future of EVs looks 9 , with more companies investing in the technology. It is expected that by 2030, a majority of cars on the road will be electric. The growth of the EV industry could 10 economic growth and reduce emissions, creating a 11 cycle of benefits. While challenges remain, experts believe the transition (过渡) to EVs is 12 . With more governments offering incentives, EVs are becoming more affordable for people. As battery technology improves, EVs will become even more sustainable and less reliant on fossil fuels, making them a key part of the future. 13 in government policies will play a key role in accelerating (加速) EV growth. These policies are likely to make EVs more popular and widespread in the future. Moreover, the EV shift is expected to 14 traffic congestion (拥塞) in cities. With clean air and 15 noise, urban areas will become more livable. 1．A．risky B．expensive C．harmful D．efficient 2．A．damages B．declines C．stops D．improves 3．A．However B．Then C．And D．So 4．A．have built B．is building C．will build D．had built 5．A．barrier B．opportunity C．advantage D．feature 6．A．increased B．decreased C．stopped D．remained 7．A．will use B．have used C．is used D．have been used 8．A．adapt B．adapted C．are adapting D．had adapted 9．A．bright B．uncertain C．distant D．hopeless 10．A．damage B．boost C．reduce D．delay 11．A．negative B．positive C．complex D．uncertain 12．A．achievable B．unrealistic C．manageable D．difficult 13．A．Changes B．Differences C．Conflicts D．Similarities 14．A．block B．worsen C．relieve D．delay 15．A．no B．more C．not D．less 【答案】 1．D 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．B 12．A 13．A 14．C 15．D 【解析】本文为一篇说明文。本文围绕电动汽车（EVs）的发展现状、面临的挑战及未来前景展开，重点探讨其在环保、经济和社会层面的影响，并强调技术进步和政策支持对电动汽车普及的关键作用。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与汽油车不同，电动汽车依靠电力运行，使其成为减少排放的高效的选择。A. risky有风险的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. harmful有害的；D. efficient高效的。根据前文“EVs run on electricity”可知，电动车依靠电力运行，因减少排放而得到推崇，故成为了减少排放的高效的选择。故选D。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着电池技术的改进，电动汽车因续航增加成为日常使用的理想选择。A. damages损坏；B. declines衰退；C. stops停止；D. improves改进。根据后文“EVs have become ideal for daily use, with longer driving ranges.”可知，电车有着更长的行驶距离，续航增加是因为电池技术的改进。故选D。 3．考查连词（副词）词义辨析。句意：然而，许多地区仍缺乏充电站，给司机带来不便。A. However然而；B. Then然后；C. And而且；D. So因此。根据前文“EVs have become ideal for daily use, with longer driving ranges.”和后文“there is still a shortage of charging stations in many areas”可知，空前提到的“电车续航增加”与空后提到的“许多地区缺乏充电站”构成转折关系，故应用however表转折。故选A。 4．考查动词时态辨析。句意：政府将建造更多充电站，但这仍是挑战。A. have built已建造；B. is building正在建造；C. will build将建造；D. had built过去已建造。根据前文“there is still a shortage of charging stations in many areas, making it inconvenient for drivers”可知，因为很多地区缺乏充电站，因此城府将建造更多的充电站。故选C。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：购买电动汽车的高成本对许多消费者来说是障碍。A. barrier障碍；B. opportunity机会；C. advantage优势；D. feature特点。根据前文的提示“Despite their benefits, EVs still face some obstacles (障碍). For example, the high cost of purchasing an EV is a”可知，电车仍然面对着很多障碍，比如说，购买电车的高成本就是其中一个障碍。故选A。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管价格已下降，但技术仍处早期阶段，需要进一步的改进。A. increased上涨；B. decreased下降；C. stopped停止；D. remained保持。根据前文“For example, the high cost of purchasing an EV is a 　　5　　 for many consumers.”可知，电车的购买高成本对许多消费者来说是障碍，此处提出另外一个障碍，即使价格有一定的下降，但技术仍处于早期阶段，需要进一步的改进。故选B。 7．考查动词时态与语态辨析。句意：电池生产也引发了人们对锂和钴等采矿材料对环境影响的担忧，这些材料被用于制造电池。A. will use将使用；B. have used已使用；C. is used被使用；D. have been used已被使用。根据前文“Battery production also raises concerns about the environmental impact of mining materials such as lithium (锂) and cobalt (钴)”可知，电池生产也引发了人们对锂和钴等采矿材料对环境影响的担忧，是因为这些材料已经被使用来制造电池。故选D。 8．考查动词时态辨析。句意：随着电动汽车使用增加，城市正在调整基础设施以支持更多充电站。A. adapt调整（原形）；B. adapted调整了（过去时）；C. are adapting正在调整（现在进行）；D. had adapted过去已经调整（过去完成）。根据前文“as EV use increases”可知，前文提到随着电动汽车使用增加，“随着使用增加”是现在进行时背景，故城市正在调整基础设施。故选C。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：电动汽车的未来看起来很光明，因为更多公司投资该技术。A. bright光明的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. distant遥远的；D. hopeless无望的。根据后文“with more companies investing in the technology.”可知，越来越多的公司投资该技术，故电动汽车的未来看起来很光明。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：电动汽车行业的增长可能促进经济增长并减少排放，从而形成一个积极的良性循环。A. damage损害；B. boost促进；C. reduce减少；D. delay延迟。根据空后“and reduce emissions”可知，此处与“减少排放”并列，故应为积极的动作，故为促进经济增长。故选B。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. negative消极的；B. positive积极的；C. complex复杂的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据前文“The growth of the EV industry could 　　10　　 economic growth and reduce emissions”可知，电动汽车行业的增长可能促进经济增长并减少排放，这些都是积极的影响，故此处指形成了一个积极的良性循环。故选B。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管挑战仍然存在，但专家认为向电动汽车的过渡是可实现的。A. achievable可实现的；B. unrealistic不现实的；C. manageable可管理的；D. difficult困难的。根据后文“With more governments offering incentives, EVs are becoming more affordable for people. As battery technology improves, EVs will become even more sustainable and less reliant on fossil fuels, making them a key part of the future.”可知，政府提供了奖励政策，且电池的技术也得到了改进，因此向电动车的过渡是可以实现的。故选A。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：政府政策的变化将在加速电动汽车增长中起关键作用。A. Changes变化；B. Differences差异；C. Conflicts冲突；D. Similarities相似性。根据后文“These policies are likely to make EVs more popular and widespread in the future.”可知，政策可能使电动汽车更普及，说明政策需要调整或更新。故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：电动汽车的普及有望缓解城市交通拥堵。A. block阻塞；B. worsen恶化；C. relieve缓解；D. delay延迟。根据后文“With clean air and 　　15　　 noise, urban areas will become more livable.”可知，后文提到城市地区就变得更宜居，故电动汽车的普及会带来积极的影响，缓解城市交通拥堵。故选C。 15．考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意：随着空气清洁和更少的噪音，城市将更宜居。A. no没有的；B. more更多的；C. not不，否；D. less更少的。根据后文“urban areas will become more livable”可知，城市变得更加宜居，是因为噪音更少。故选D。 10 The Internet has revolutionized the way we live, work, and communicate. It connects people across the globe in seconds, offering endless opportunities for learning, entertainment, and business. However, this digital world also brings challenges that require our attention. The rise of social media platforms has transformed how we interact. People now share their lives online, from daily routines to major milestones. 1 , this constant sharing can lead to privacy concerns. Many users unknowingly expose personal information, making them 2 to cybercrime. Experts advise adjusting privacy settings and being 3 about what to post.          Online education has become increasingly popular, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. Students can now attend virtual classes and access resources from top universities worldwide. 4 , not everyone benefits equally. The “digital divide” — the gap between those with and without Internet access——remains a significant issue. In rural areas, poor connectivity 5 students from participating fully in online learning. Governments and organizations must work to 6 this gap.    E-commerce has also flourished, allowing businesses to reach customers far and wide. Small companies can now sell products 7 , competing with international corporations. But, 8 , online shopping also raises concerns about fake goods and data security. Consumers should confirm the identities of sellers and use secure payment methods to 9 risks. The Internet’s impact on mental health is another critical issue. While it provides a platform for support and connection, excessive screen time can lead to anxiety and sleep disorders. 10 , comparisons on social media often harm self-respect, particularly among teenagers. 11 this, many find comfort in online communities that share their interests or struggles. Looking ahead, technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) will surely further shape our online experiences. These advancements come with moral issues, 12 . For instance, AI algorithms(算法) may unintentionally overstate biases(偏见), and VR could blur(模糊) the line between reality and the digital world. Society must 13 how to use these technologies properly and responsibly. 14 , the Internet is a powerful tool that can enrich our lives if used wisely. By staying informed and conscious, we can handle the digital world safely and make the most of its opportunities. The future of the online world 15 in our hands. 1．A．However B．Therefore C．Moreover D．Moreover 2．A．immune B．defenceless C．resistant D．indifferent 3．A．curious B．cautious C．generous D．careless 4．A．Besides B．Thus C．Unfortunately D．Accordingly 5．A．protests B．prevents C．motivates D．impacts 6．A．widen B．ignore C．bridge D．emphasize 7．A．locally B．occasionally C．globally D．obviously 8．A．similarly B．meanwhile C．consequently D．instead 9．A．increase B．minimize C．maintain D．reveal 10．A．Additionally B．Fortunately C．Surprisingly D．Gradually 11．A．Due to B．Except for C．Regardless of D．Apart from 12．A．after all B．at all C．above all D．in all 13．A．depend on B．comment on C．reflect on D．cut back on 14．A．In conclusion B．In contrast C．In addition D．In particular 15．A．lies B．falls C．grows D．remains 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．A 【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述互联网改变生活，带来便利的同时也存在隐私、数字鸿沟等挑战，需明智使用，未来掌握在我们手中。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：人们现在在网上分享他们的生活，从日常生活到重要里程碑。然而，这种持续的分享可能导致隐私问题。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Moreover此外；D. Instead反而。根据下文“this constant sharing can lead to privacy concerns”以及语境可知，前句讲分享生活的便利，后句指出隐私问题，为转折关系。故选A项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多用户不知不觉地暴露个人信息，使他们易受网络犯罪的侵害。A. immune免疫的；B. defenceless无防御的；C. resistant抵抗的；D. indifferent冷漠的。根据上文“Many users unknowingly expose personal information”以及常识可知，暴露信息可能导致易成为网络犯罪的受害者。故选B项。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：专家建议调整隐私设置，并谨慎对待发布内容。A. curious好奇的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. generous慷慨的；D. careless粗心的。根据上文“Many users unknowingly expose personal information, making them 　2　 to cybercrime.”可知，隐私泄露会导致问题，所以应谨慎发帖。故选B项。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，并非所有人都能平等受益。A. Besides此外；B. Thus因此；C. Unfortunately不幸地；D. Accordingly相应地。根据下文“In rural areas, poor connectivity 　5　students from participating fully in online learning”可知，农村孩子不是很容易接触到在线教育，所以说，不幸的是，并非所有人都能平等受益。故选C项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在农村地区，网络连接差阻碍学生充分参与在线学习。A. protests 抗议；B. prevents 阻止；C. motivates 激励；D. impacts 影响。根据上文“poor connectivity”以及语境可知，这里指差的连通性阻碍农村学生充分参与在线学习。prevent sb. from doing，表示“阻止某人做某事”，符合语境。故选B项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：政府和组织必须努力缩小这一差距。A. widen扩大；B. ignore忽视；C. bridge弥合；D. emphasize强调。根据上文“In rural areas, poor connectivity　　5　　students from participating fully in online learning.”以及下文“this gap”可知，这里指政府应缩小农村孩子和城市孩子在获得教育资源方面的差距，bridge the gap，为固定搭配，意为“缩小差距”，符合语境。故选C项。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：小公司现在可以在全球范围内销售产品，与国际企业竞争。A. locally本地地；B. occasionally偶尔地；C. globally全球地；D. obviously明显地。根据下文“competing with international corporations”以及语境可知，这里指小公司通过电商全球销售与国际企业竞争。故选C项。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但与此同时，网上购物也引发了对假货和数据安全的担忧。A. similarly相似地；B. meanwhile同时；C. consequently因此；D. instead反而。根据下文“online shopping also raises concerns about fake goods and data security”以及上文内容可知，前讲电商优势，后讲的伴随问题，用meanwhile连接表并列关系。故选B项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：消费者应确认卖家身份并使用安全支付方式以降低风险。A. increase增加；B. minimize减少；C. maintain维持；D. reveal揭示。根据上文“confirm the identities of sellers and use secure payment methods”可知，采取这些安全措施是为了减少风险。故选B项。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，社交媒体上的比较往往损害自尊，尤其是在青少年中。A. Additionally此外；B. Fortunately幸运地；C. Surprisingly惊讶地；D. Gradually逐渐地。根据下文“comparisons on social media often harm self-respect, particularly among teenagers”以及语境可知，此处补充说明网络对心理健康的另一影响，应用Additionally。故选A项。 11．考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管如此，许多人在分享他们的兴趣或挣扎，在线上社区中找到安慰。A. Due to 由于；B. Except for 除了；C. Regardless of 不管；D. Apart from 除了…… 之外。根据下文“many find comfort in online communities that share their interests or struggles”以及语境可知，前面讲负面影响，后面讲积极一面，应用Regardless of表示转折。故选C项。 12．考查介词短语辨析。句意：这些进步也带来了道德问题。A. after all毕竟，终究；B. at all根本；C. above all首先；D. in all总共。根据下文“For instance, AI algorithms(算法) may unintentionally overstate biases(偏见)”以及语境可知，这里强调这些进步终究存在道德问题。故选A项。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：社会必须反思如何正确和负责任地使用这些技术。A. depend on依赖；B. comment on评论；C. reflect on反思；D. cut back on减少。根据下文“how to use these technologies properly and responsibly”以及语境可知，这里指针对技术带来的问题，社会需反思使用方式。故选C项。 14．考查介词短语辨析。句意：总之，如果明智地使用，互联网是一个可以丰富我们生活的强大工具。A. In conclusion总之；B. In contrast相反；C. In addition此外；D. In particular尤其。根据下文“the Internet is a powerful tool that can enrich our lives if used wisely”以及文章结构可知，此处在总结段落，应用“In conclusion”。故选A项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：网络世界的未来掌握在我们手中。A. lies在于；B. falls落下；C. grows生长；D. remains保持。根据下文“in our hands”以及语境可知，这里表示网络世界的未来掌握在我们手中，lie in our hands，表示“掌握在我们手中”，固定搭配，符合语境。故选A项。 11 Truth be told, a life- changing college experience doesn’t begin or end with a high GPA or great university tour. And although parents and teachers alike work diligently to prep their students with the cutting-edge classes and impressive transcripts, they’re 1 one vital skill: emotional intelligence. A poll of 1,502 first-year college students in the U.S. found that a majority of them wish they had received more 2 preparation for college. Emotional preparedness is 3 “the ability to take care of oneself, adapt to new environments, 4 negative emotions or behavior and build positive relationship,” according to the survey. “Survey data indicate that college readiness requires far more than just a solid academic foundation — finding that seems 5 traditional higher education preparation,” said John McPhee, Executive Director of the Jed Foundation, which co- sponsored the survey. “It is clear that emotional preparedness should be better 6 the work that high school communities are doing to guide students through the transition into college.” Data show that college students 7 far more than their academics-- and their stress can take a serious toll (代价) on their 8 in school. Forty percent of survey participants felt pressure to pay for college expenses, followed by 30 percent who said their biggest 9 was to make new friends. 10 , keeping in touch with family and friends not at their college (28 percent) and being independent (16 percent) also weighed heavily on college students’ shoulders. All of these 11 had a negative impact inside and outside of the classroom. Students who felt less emotionally prepared for college were more likely to have a lower grade point average, regularly 12 drugs and/or alcohol, and rate their overall college experience as terrible or poor. “As high school seniors start applying to college around this time of year, parents and people 13 in their lives can play an important role in helping children build confidence and life skills, said Marisa Glandella-Porco, Co-Founder, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Jordan Porco Foundation, a survey co-sponsor. “It is important to 14 them to choose a college that best fits their needs first and foremost — not only in a(n) 15 sense, but also relative to emotional needs.” Thankfully, whether your child is packing up for school this fall or still in diapers, it’s never too late (or too early) to begin prepping them for university life. Here’s what parents should do to help their college-bound kid, starting now. Thankfully, whether your child is packing up for school this fall or still in diapers, it’s never too late (or too early) to begin prepping them for university life. Here’s what parents should do to help their college-bound kid, starting now. 1．A．mastering B．employing C．forgetting D．preparing 2．A．emotional B．careful C．comprehensive D．active 3．A．compared with B．applied to C．adjusted to D．defined as 4．A．arouse B．control C．display D．hide 5．A．short of B．strict with C．contrary to D．proud of 6．A．reminded of B．combined with C．focused on D．devoted to 7．A．depend on B．worry about C．refer to D．respond to 8．A．performances B．grades C．subjects D．requirements 9．A．mistake B．decision C．event D．challenge 10．A．Otherwise B．Thus C．Besides D．However 11．A．pressures B．benefits C．behaviors D．thoughts 12．A．market B．ban C．consume D．produce 13．A．aggressive B．influential C．mysterious D．modest 14．A．offer B．guide C．warn D．command 15．A．good B．keen C．academic D．delicate 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．B 15．C 【解析】这是一篇议论文。改变人生的大学生活并不是以高绩点或精彩的大学之旅开始或结束，尽管家长和老师都在努力为学生准备最先进的课程和令人印象深刻的成绩单，他们却忘记了一项重要的技能：情商。文章论述了大学生情商的重要性以及培养。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管家长和老师都在努力为学生准备最先进的课程和令人印象深刻的成绩单，他们却忘记了一项重要的技能：情商。A. mastering精通；B. employing雇佣；C. forgetting忘记；D. preparing准备。根据前句“Truth be told, a life-changing college experience doesn’t begin or end with a high GPA or great university tour.”以及下文可知，说实话，改变人生的大学经历并不是以高分或伟大的大学之旅开始或结束的，父母忘了准备一项重要的技能。故选C项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一项针对1502名美国大一新生的调查发现，大多数人都希望自己能对大学生活有更多的情感准备。A. emotional情感的；B. careful细心的；C. comprehensive综合的；D. active积极的。根据上段最后一句中的“emotional intelligence”可知，本句的意思是“大部分学生的大学生活需要情感上的准备”。故选A项。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：情感准备被定义为“照顾自己、适应新环境、控制负面情绪或行为以及建立积极关系的能力”。A. compared with与……相比较；B. applied to应用；C. adjusted to调整；D. defined as被定义为。根据下文“the ability to take care of oneself, adapt to new environments”可知，后文是Emotional preparedness的定义。故选D项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：情感准备被定义为“照顾自己、适应新环境、控制负面情绪或行为以及建立积极关系的能力”。A. arouse引起，唤醒；B. control控制；C. display显示，表现；D. hide躲藏。根据下文“negative emotions or behavior and build positive relationship”可推知，此处指要学会控制负面情感。故选B项。 5．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：调查数据表明，大学的准备工作不仅需要坚实的学术基础，这一调查结果似乎与传统的高等教育准备相反。A. short of缺乏，短缺；B. strict with对某人严格；C. contrary to与……相反；D. proud of因……而自豪。根据上文“Survey data indicate that college readiness requires far more than just a solid academic foundation”可知，调查数据表明，大学的准备工作不仅需要坚实的学术基础，即这一调查结果似乎与传统的高等教育准备相反。故选C项。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：很明显，情感准备应该更好地与高中社区为引导学生过渡到大学所做的工作相结合。A. reminded of提醒；B. combined with联合；C. focused on集中于；D. devoted to致力于。根据后文“the work that high school communities are doing”可推知，此处指情感准备应该更好地与高中社区为引导学生过渡到大学所做的工作相结合。故选B项。 7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：数据显示，大学生担心的远不止学业，他们的压力会严重影响他们在学校的表现。A. depend on依赖，依靠；B. worry about担忧；C. refer to参考，涉及；D. respond to回应。根据下文“their stress can take a serious toll”可知，学生的压力很大，所以应该是“担心”。故选B项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：数据显示，大学生担心的远不止学业，他们的压力会严重影响他们在学校的表现。A. performances演出，表现；B. grades等级，分数；C. subjects学科，科目；D. requirements要求。根据下文“Forty percent of survey participants felt pressure to pay for college expenses”可知，他们的压力会严重影响他们在学校的成绩，即“学业的表现”。故选A项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：40%的调查参与者感到支付大学费用的压力，30%的人说他们最大的挑战是结交新朋友。A. mistake错误；B. decision决定；C. event事件；D. challenge挑战。根据上文提到了支付大学费用有压力，结合下文“to make new friends”可知，本句的意思是“最大的挑战是结交朋友”。故选D项。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，与不在学校的家人和朋友保持联系（28%）和保持独立（16%）也是大学生的沉重负担。A. Otherwise否则，另外；B. Thus因此；C. Besides此外；D. However然而。后文“keeping in touch with family and friends not at their college (28 percent) and being independent (16 percent) also weighed heavily on college students’ shoulders.”是对上文的补充说明，副词besides承接上下文，表示“此外”。故选C项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有这些压力都对课堂内外产生了负面影响。A. pressures压力；B. benefits利益；C. behaviors行为，举止；D. thoughts想法。根据后文“had a negative impact inside and outside of the classroom”可知，所有这些压力都对课堂内外产生了负面影响。故选A项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些对上大学没做好心理准备的学生更有可能有较低的平均成绩，经常服用毒品和/或酒精，并把他们的大学生活整体评价为糟糕或可怜。A. market做买卖；B. ban禁止；C. consume消耗；D. produce生产。根据后文“drugs and/or alcohol, and rate their overall college experience as terrible or poor.”可知，那些对上大学没做好心理准备的学生更有可能有较低的平均成绩经常消费（购买）毒品和/或酒。故选C项。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：高中毕业生在每年的这个时候开始申请大学，父母和在他们生活中有影响力的人可以在帮助孩子建立信心和生活技能方面发挥重要作用。A. aggressive好斗的；B. influential有影响的；C. mysterious神秘的；D. modest谦虚的。根据“parents and people”和“play an important role in helping children build confidence and life skills”可知，父母和在他们生活中有影响力的人可以在帮助孩子建立信心和生活技能方面发挥重要作用。故选B项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：指导他们选择最适合自己需要的大学是很重要的——不仅在学术上，而且在情感上。A. offer提供；B. guide指导；C. warn警告；D. command命令。根据后文“them to choose a college that best fits their needs first and foremost”可推知，此处意为指引学生们去选择最适合的大学。guide sb. to do sth.表示“指导某人做某事”。故选B项。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：指导他们选择最适合自己需要的大学是很重要的——不仅在学术上，而且在情感上。A. good好的；B. keen渴望的，热心的；C. academic学术的；D. delicate精美的，雅致的。由“a college that best fits their needs”可知，此处指在学术上，和在情感上都要指导学生，“academic sense”意为“学术意识”。故选C项。 12 My family signed up for taekwondo (跆拳道) to develop my kids’ confidence. But I stood in the classroom, dressed in my taekwondo clothes, 1 why I was there. Although I love every other part of the sport, I actually didn’t want to 2 anyone. So, I’d been trying to 3 my battling classes. But when my son asked why I wasn’t battling, I knew it was time to 4 making excuses. I am always telling my kids to do things that may even 5 them so they won’t miss out on something they love. How could I 6 ignore my own advice? On our way to my first battling class, my husband and kids 7 I was nervous, and they tried their best to make me 8 by reminding me that it would be fun and easy. Anxiously, I watched the clock, 9 class would be over before I had my turn. No such 10 . I went in with the only other woman in class. We bowed to each other, and it was on. My only fighting action was to cover but I still 11 to score a point. At last, with the 12 , I won the game. The best 13 was that after class my kids told me they were proud of my performance. As a mom who was frightened to battle, I think I did the 14 thing. That day, I not only won a taekwondo match, but also 15 that it’s never too late to face your challenges and grow stronger. 1．A．understanding B．wondering C．proving D．explaining 2．A．train B．replace C．fight D．believe 3．A．afford B．enjoy C．avoid D．plan 4．A．stop B．regret C．risk D．consider 5．A．renew B．limit C．please D．scare 6．A．fearlessly B．hardly C．anxiously D．openly 7．A．agreed B．sensed C．remembered D．imagined 8．A．win out B．calm down C．wake up D．step back 9．A．admitting B．judging C．expecting D．noticing 10．A．luck B．excuse C．problem D．goal 11．A．failed B．managed C．wished D．refused 12．A．rule B．lesson C．advantage D．knowledge 13．A．part B．idea C．reason D．chance 14．A．right B．similar C．formal D．familiar 15．A．hoped B．promised C．heard D．showed 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．D 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．A 15．D 【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者报名跆拳道后因害怕与人对战而逃避，在儿子的影响下参加首场对战并获胜，还得到孩子认可，明白了面对挑战永远不晚。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我穿着跆拳道服站在教室里，疑惑自己为什么会在这里。A. understanding理解；B. wondering疑惑；C. proving证明；D. explaining解释。根据后文“why I was there”可知，作者不知道自己为何在这里，感到疑惑。故选B项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我喜欢这项运动的其他方面，但实际上我不想和任何人打架。A. train训练；B. replace代替；C. fight打架；D. believe相信。由后文“So, I’d been trying to 3 my battling classes. But when my son asked why I wasn’t battling”可知，作者一直试图避开对战课程，原因就是不想和人打架。故选C项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我一直试图避开我的对战课程。A. afford负担得起；B. enjoy享受；C. avoid避开；D. plan计划。根据后文“But when my son asked why I wasn’t battling”可知，作者有意避开对战课程，引起了儿子的好奇。故选C项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我儿子问我为什么不参加对战时，我知道是时候停止找借口了。A. stop停止；B. regret后悔；C. risk冒险；D. consider考虑。根据前文“So, I’d been trying to 3 my battling classes.”可知作者一直在找借口避开对战课程，结合“when my son asked why I wasn’t battling”可推知，儿子的询问让作者意识到要为儿子做好榜样，要停止这种找借口的行为。故选A项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是告诉我的孩子们去做那些甚至可能让他们害怕的事情，这样他们就不会错过自己喜欢的东西。A. renew更新；B. limit限制；C. please使高兴；D. scare使害怕。根据前文可知，作者学习跆拳道却害怕对战，结合句中“I am always telling my kids to do things...”和后文“ignore my own advice”可推知，作者原本建议孩子们要去做让他们害怕的事情，但现在却意识到自己就在逃避让人害怕的事情。故选D项。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我怎么能公然忽视自己的建议呢？A. fearlessly无畏地；B. hardly几乎不；C. anxiously焦虑地；D. openly公然地。前文作者一直给孩子提建议去做可能害怕的事，自己却一直逃避对战课程，这是公然忽视自己建议的表现。故选D项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在去我第一节对战课的路上，我的丈夫和孩子们感觉到我很紧张，他们尽力让我冷静下来，提醒我这会很有趣也很容易。A. agreed同意；B. sensed感觉；C. remembered记得；D. imagined想象。根据后文“they tried their best to make me 8 by reminding me that it would be fun and easy.”可推知，丈夫和孩子在安慰作者，说明他们感觉到了作者的紧张。故选B项。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在去我第一节对战课的路上，我的丈夫和孩子们感觉到我很紧张，他们尽力让我冷静下来，提醒我这会很有趣也很容易。A. win out获胜；B. calm down冷静下来；C. wake up醒来；D. step back后退。根据前文“On our way to my first battling class, my husband and kids 7 I was nervous”可知，作者感到紧张，所以丈夫和孩子的目的是让作者冷静下来。故选B项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我焦虑地看着时钟，期待着在轮到我之前课程就结束。A. admitting承认；B. judging判断；C. expecting期待；D. noticing注意到。根据前文可知，作者一直试图避开对战课程，害怕对战，结合句中“anxiously watched the clock”和“class would be over before I had my turn”可知，作者期待在轮到自己之前课程结束。故选C项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没那么幸运。A. luck运气；B. excuse借口；C. problem问题；D. goal目标。根据后文“I went in with the only other woman in class.”可知，作者还是轮到上场了，说明之前期待课程提前结束的好运没有降临。故选A项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我唯一的战斗动作就是防守，但我还是设法得了一分。A. failed失败；B. managed设法做成；C. wished希望；D. refused拒绝。根据后文“to score a point”和“I won the game.”可知，作者最后赢得了比赛，说明作者成功得了分，即设法做成了得分这件事。故选B项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，凭借优势，我赢得了比赛。A. rule规则；B. lesson教训；C. advantage优势；D. knowledge知识。根据前文“My only fighting action was to cover but I still 11 to score a point.”可知，作者成功得分这一情况成为了赢得比赛的优势。故选C项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最好的部分是，课后我的孩子们告诉我，他们为我的表现感到骄傲。A. part部分；B. idea主意；C. reason原因；D. chance机会。前文提到作者赢得比赛，结合后文“after class my kids told me they were proud of my performance”可知，孩子为作者表现骄傲是这件事中最好的部分。故选A项。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个害怕对战的妈妈，我认为我做了正确的事情。A. right正确的；B. similar相似的；C. formal正式的；D. familiar熟悉的。前文提到作者赢得比赛且孩子为其表现感到骄傲，说明作者参加对战这一行为是正确的。故选A项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，我不仅赢得了一场跆拳道比赛，还表明面对挑战并变得更强永远都不晚。A. hoped希望；B. promised承诺；C. heard听到；D. showed表明。作者从一开始害怕对战，到后来参加并赢得比赛，结合后文“that it’s never too late to face your challenges and grow stronger”可推知，这个过程表明了面对挑战并变得更强永远都不晚。故选D项。 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$