专题24 语言运用之语法填空-2025年暑假新高一英语衔接学习与能力提升专练(通用版)

2025年暑假新高一英语衔接学习系列 专题24 语言运用之语法填空 一、文体类型 高中英语语法填空的文本材料涵盖多种文体，常见的有记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文等。不同文体具有独特的语言特点和结构模式，了解这些文体类型有助于考生更好地理解文本内容，把握上下文逻辑关系，从而准确解答题目。 （一）记叙文 记叙文以叙述事件、描写人物为主，通常按照时间顺序展开，包含事件的起因、经过和结果。这类文体常涉及人物的动作、心理活动以及事件的发展变化，语言生动形象，时态多以过去时为主。 【语段举例】 Last week, my class went on a school trip to a local farm. We arrived there early in the morning. The farmer greeted us warmly and showed us around the farm. First, we saw the cows and learned how to milk them. Then, we visited the chicken coop and collected some fresh eggs. After that, we helped the farmers plant vegetables in the field. It was a tiring but exciting day. We all had a great time and learned a lot about farming. 分析：这段记叙文按照时间顺序描述了班级去农场的经历。文中使用了过去时 "went""arrived""greeted""showed""saw""learned""visited""collected""helped""plant"等，体现了记叙文的时态特点。在语法填空中，可能会考查动词的时态、名词的单复数（如"farm"为可数名词，此处用单数）、连词（如"and"连接并列动作）等知识点。例如，若设空为"We arrived there early ______ the morning."，则需要填入介词"in"，构成"in the morning" 的固定搭配。 （二）说明文 说明文以说明事物的性质、特征、用途、原理或解释某种现象为主，语言客观、准确、简洁，结构清晰，常使用定义、举例、分类、比较等说明方法。时态多为一般现在时，以客观陈述事实。 【语段举例】 The computer is one of the most important inventions in the 20th century. It is a machine that can process information quickly and accurately. Computers are widely used in various fields, such as education, business, medicine, and entertainment. They can help people work more efficiently, store a large amount of data, and communicate with others around the world. There are different types of computers, including desktop computers, laptop computers, and tablet computers. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages. 分析：这段说明文介绍了计算机的相关信息，使用一般现在时，客观地说明了计算机的重要性、功能、应用领域和类型。在语法填空中，可能会考查定语从句（如 "that can process information quickly and accurately" 修饰 "machine"）、固定搭配（如 "in various fields"）、名词的单复数（如 "inventions" 为复数）等。例如，若设空为 "Computers are widely used ______ various fields."，则应填入介词 "in"。 （三）议论文 议论文以议论为主要表达方式，通过摆事实、讲道理，阐述作者的观点、立场和主张。议论文通常包含论点、论据和论证过程，语言具有逻辑性和说服力，时态多样，根据具体内容而定。 【语段举例】 In my opinion, reading is very important for everyone. Reading can help us gain knowledge, improve our thinking ability, and broaden our horizons. There are many good books to read, such as novels, science books, and history books. Each type of book can bring us different benefits. For example, novels can make us understand human nature and society, science books can help us learn about the world around us, and history books can teach us lessons from the past. However, we should choose the books that are suitable for us and read them carefully. 分析：这段议论文表达了作者对阅读重要性的观点，通过列举不同类型书籍的好处来论证论点。文中使用了一般现在时，逻辑连接词 "however" 表示转折。在语法填空中，可能会考查宾语从句（如 "that are suitable for us" 作 "books" 的定语）、固定短语（如 "in my opinion"）、连词（如 "and" 连接并列动词 "gain""improve""broaden"）等。例如，若设空为 "Reading can help us gain knowledge, improve our thinking ability, ______ broaden our horizons."，则需要填入连词 "and"。 （四）应用文 应用文包括书信、通知、日记、广告、演讲稿等，具有实用性强、格式固定、语言简洁明了的特点。不同类型的应用文有不同的格式和用语要求，时态根据具体内容而定。 【语段举例】 Dear Tom, How are you? I'm writing to invite you to my birthday party. The party will be held at my home this Saturday evening. We will have dinner, sing songs, and play games. I hope you can come and have a good time with us. Please let me know if you can make it. Best wishes, Li Hua 分析：这是一封邀请信，属于应用文。格式上有称呼、正文、结尾和署名。语言简洁明了，使用一般将来时 "will be held""will have"等。在语法填空中，可能会考查动词的时态、固定搭配（如"invite sb. to..."）、连词（如"and"连接并列动作）等。例如，若设空为"The party will be held ______ my home this Saturday evening."，则应填入介词"at"。 二、题型设置 高中英语语法填空主要有两种题型：纯空格题和给出提示词题。纯空格题要求考生根据上下文语境和语法知识，填入适当的单词（通常为冠词、介词、连词、代词等）；给出提示词题则要求考生根据提示词的适当形式填空（如动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词，名词的单复数，形容词和副词的比较级、最高级等）。例如： One day, a little girl named Lily was walking in the park. She saw 1 bird lying on the ground. The bird's wing was broken, and it couldn't fly 2 the sky. Lily felt sorry for the bird 3 decided to help it. She 4 (take) the bird home and made a small house for it. Every day, she fed the bird and took care of it. After a few 5 (week), the bird's wing healed. When Lily opened the door of the house, the bird flew away happily. Lily learned that helping others can bring joy to both the giver and the receiver. [答题简析] 第1题是纯空格题，考查冠词。"bird" 是可数名词单数，第一次提到，前面应加不定冠词 "a"。 第2题是纯空格题，考查介词。"fly in the sky" 是固定搭配，意为 "在天空中飞翔"，所以填入 "in"。 第3题是纯空格题，考查连词。"felt sorry for the bird" 和 "decided to help it" 是顺承关系，用连词 "and" 连接。 第4题是给出提示词题，考查动词的时态。根据上下文可知，事情发生在过去，且与 "made" 并列，所以用过去式 "took"。 第5题是给出提示词题，考查名词的单复数。"a few" 后接可数名词复数，"week" 的复数形式是 "weeks"，所以填入 "weeks"。 三、解答策略 高中英语语法填空需要考生具备扎实的语法知识、丰富的词汇量和良好的阅读理解能力。通过了解不同的文体类型、熟悉题型设置和掌握解答策略，考生可以提高解题的准确性和效率，在考试中取得更好的成绩。 （一）纯空格题解答策略 分析句子结构：确定句子是否缺少主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，或者是否需要填入连接词、介词、冠词等。例如，若句子缺少主语，可能需要填入代词或名词；若句子是复合句，需要判断连接词的类型（如宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句的连接词）。 考虑固定搭配：英语中有许多固定的短语和搭配，如介词短语、动词短语、冠词搭配等。记住这些固定搭配可以帮助快速解题。例如，"in front of""look forward to""a cup of" 等。 结合上下文语境：纯空格题通常需要根据上下文的逻辑关系来判断填入的单词。例如，并列关系用 "and""or"等，转折关系用"but""however" 等，因果关系用 "because""so" 等。 （二）给出提示词题解答策略 判断词性转换：如果提示词是动词，需要考虑其在句子中的成分（谓语动词或非谓语动词）。作为谓语动词，要注意时态、语态和主谓一致；作为非谓语动词，要考虑不定式、动名词、现在分词或过去分词的形式。如果提示词是名词，需要考虑其单复数形式、所有格形式或是否转换为形容词、动词等。如果提示词是形容词或副词，需要考虑其比较级、最高级形式或是否转换为名词、动词等。 遵循语法规则：严格按照英语语法规则进行变形。例如，动词的过去式和过去分词的变化规则，名词复数的构成规则，形容词和副词比较级、最高级的变化规则等。 结合语境和逻辑：即使符合语法规则，也要结合上下文语境和逻辑关系，确保填入的形式正确。例如，在时间状语从句中，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。 （三）整体解题步骤 通读全文，理解大意：首先快速通读全文，了解文章的主题、文体和大致内容，把握上下文的逻辑关系。 逐句分析，确定考点：对每个句子进行分析，判断考查的知识点（如冠词、介词、连词、动词时态、名词单复数等），并根据考点进行解题。 检查答案，确保正确：完成所有题目后，再次通读全文，检查答案是否符合语法规则和上下文语境，确保没有遗漏或错误。 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last month, a Uber driver stopped her work so she could help a helpless new mother with a sick child. John Henry, Linda’s son, was born with a serious disease. Linda and her husband, who live in Kansas City and are both excellent athletes in the US, tried to find a doctor from Minnesota and Missouri to treat John Henry for the condition—but failed. Luckily, Linda managed 1 (contact) the best doctor in the world in St. Petersburg, Florida. The doctor asked for many of the 2 (detail) of the baby’s disease. It was said that the doctor was quite 3 (responsibility) and able to treat the disease so Linda said to her husband, “Next week I 4 (travel) to the Sunshine State to give our newborn son a fighting chance.” After John Henry was put into the ICU, Linda decided to go and buy him some new clothes. Upon ordering a Uber ride to the nearby clothing store, she was picked up by a woman 5 age was about forty. Her name was Nancy. Shortly after she got into Nancy’s car, Linda couldn’t help having a talk about her heartbreaking situation. “She told me her story and I really felt sorry for her,” Nancy said. Rather than simply drop Linda off at the store, 6 (amazing), Nancy parked the car and took her passenger to the store so she could treat John Henry to new clothes. Linda said, “For this stranger to go completely out of her way, who stopped what she was doing and stopped making money to come to be with me for 7 couple of hours, it was just moving and unbelievable.” Moved by Nancy’s good deed, Linda applied 8 a job in a charity (慈善组织) last week and signed 9 for some voluntary work to give a hand to others in trouble. Now Linda has changed her former personal 10 (prefer) and spends more time caring for her child and doing some volunteer work. 【答案】 1．to contact 2．details 3．responsible 4．will travel 5．whose 6．amazingly 7．a 8．for 9．up 10．preference 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一名优步司机停下了她的工作，去帮助一位带着生病孩子的无助的新妈妈的故事。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，琳达设法联系上了佛罗里达州圣彼得堡的世界上最好的医生。manage to do sth.“设法做某事”，故此处使用动词contact“联系”的不定式形式。故填to contact。 2．考查名词的数。句意：医生询问了婴儿疾病的许多具体情况。根据空前的定冠词the可知，此处使用名词detail“具体情况”，结合空前的many可知，detail应用名词复数形式，作宾语。故填details。 3．考查形容词。句意：据说医生很负责，能治这种病，所以琳达对她丈夫说:“下星期我要去阳光之州，给我们刚出生的儿子一个抗争的机会。”根据句意可知，此处使用形容词responsible“负责的”，作表语。故填responsible。 4．考查时态。句意：据说医生很负责，能治这种病，所以琳达对她丈夫说:“下星期我要去阳光之州，给我们刚出生的儿子一个抗争的机会。”动词travel意为“行进”。根据空前的Next week“下星期”可知，本句使用一般将来时。故填will travel。 5．考查定语从句。句意：她叫了一辆优步车去附近的服装店，一名40岁左右的女子接了她。分析句子结构可知，本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词woman，且从句中缺少修饰age的定语，故填whose，引导定语从句。故填whose。 6．考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，南希没有简单地把琳达送到商店，而是把车停好，把她的乘客带到商店，这样她就可以给约翰·亨利买新衣服了。分析句子结构可知，此处使用副词amazingly“令人惊讶的是”，作状语。故填amazingly。 7．考查冠词。句意：对这个陌生人来说，她完全不顾自己的路，她停止了自己正在做的事情，也停止了赚钱，来和我在一起几个小时，这真是令人感动，令人难以置信。根据空后的couple of可知，此处使用冠词a，a couple of“几个”，为固定短语。故填a。 8．考查固定短语。句意：琳达被南希的善举感动了，她上周在一家慈善机构申请了一份工作，并报名参加了一些志愿工作，帮助那些有困难的人。根据空前的applied可知，此处使用介词for，apply for“申请”，为固定短语。故填for。 9．考查固定短语。句意：琳达被南希的善举感动了，她上周在一家慈善机构申请了一份工作，并报名参加了一些志愿工作，帮助那些有困难的人。根据空前的signed可知，此处使用up，sign up for“报名参加”，为固定短语。故填up。 10．考查名词。句意：现在琳达已经改变了她以前的个人喜好，花更多的时间照顾她的孩子和做一些志愿者工作。分析句子结构可知，此处使用不可数名词preference“爱好”，作has changed的宾语。故填preference。 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Most people dream of living in a big expensive house. But Tim Shea just wanted to find a place 1 could become his home. This 70-year-old homeless man had spent several years living on the streets until he became the first resident of a village filled 2 3D- printed little houses. Shea was chosen to be the first person 3 (move) into Community First Village , a 51- acre site in Austin, Texas. The small houses in the village , like Shea’s 400-square-foot home, were built by the Austin-based start-up company ICON. Life wasn't easy for Shea before 4 (live) in Community First Village. He lived in an RV(野营车) for most of his life. This made 5 (he) stay away from people. “ I think from my 6 (person) experience of my former lifestyle, I developed a shell,” Shea said. “ I didn't feel secure(安心的)and any time I had the opportunity，I would hide.” Luckily, 7 (thing) changed when Shea got his new house. Since then, he has been meeting new people and making friends. “Now everything I do 8 (be) just the opposite. I have many activities to do every day with others,” Shea said. The houses 9 (design) by ICON have six different layouts (布局). Shea chose a home with an open floor. This way, 10 will be easier for him to use his wheelchair. 【答案】 1．that/which 2．with 3．to move 4．living 5．him 6．personal 7．things 8．is 9．designed 10．it 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了主人公Tim Shea入住3D打印房子村庄后的生活上的变化。 1．考查定语从句。句意：但Tim Shea只是想找到一个可以成为他家的地方。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用连词引导定语从句。由于先行词是a place，此处可用关系代词which或that引导，并在从句中作主语。故填that或which。 2．考查介词。句意：这位70岁的无家可归者在街头生活了几年，直到他成为一个充满3D打印小房子的村庄的第一位居民。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用介词。be filled with为固定短语，意为“充满”。故填with。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：Shea被选为第一个搬家社区第一村的人，这是德克萨斯州奥斯汀的一个51英亩的地方。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词，与逻辑主语person之间的逻辑关系为主动，且逻辑主语前有the first修饰，设空处应用不定式to do作定语。故填to move。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：在住在社区第一村之前，Shea的生活并不容易。根据空前介词before可知，设空处应用动名词形式。故填living。 5．考查代词。句意：这使得他远离人们。根据空前动词made可知，设空处应用代词的宾格形式作宾语。he为人称代词主格，其宾格为him。故填him。 6．考查形容词。句意：“我认为从我以前的生活方式的个人经历中，我开发了一个外壳”，Shea说。根据空后名词experience可知，设空处应用形容词作定语。person是名词，其形容词形式为personal。故填personal。 7．考查名词的复数。句意：幸运的是，当Shea得到他的新房子时，事情发生了变化。根据空后谓语动词changed可知，设空处应用名词作主语。结合句意，此处表达的应是多种事情，应使用名词的复数形式。故填things。 8．考查动词。句意：现在我所做的一切是恰恰相反的。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用动词作谓语。根据句中时间状语now，时态为一般现在时，因主语是不定代词everything，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：ICON设计的这个房屋有六种不同的布局。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，且与逻辑主语The houses之间的逻辑关系为主动，应用过去分词形式。故填designed。 10．考查代词。句意：这样，他将更容易使用轮椅。分析句子，句中真正主语为不定式to use his wheelchair，设空处应用代词it作形式主语。故填it。 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Six weeks before his 97th birthday, Giuseppe Paternò fulfilled the dream of a lifetime: He 1 (get) a university degree. Mr. Paternò’s 2 (graduate) has inspired news reports around the world, partly because 3 his age. But he has also drawn attention because his life story speaks of commitment, a theme that has resonated (产生共鸣) as millions of schoolchildren in Italy and elsewhere face extraordinary uncertainty during the coronavirus pandemic. Born in Palermo in 1923, the first of seven children in a “ very poor family ” , Mr. Paternò began working soon after 4 (finish) elementary school. It was only after he retired, in the mid-1980s, that he returned to his books. “ His story proves that dreams can come true and that you can remain young — if not in age at least in spirit — if you develop interests. ” said Rosella Cancila, his essay adviser and 5 professor of history at the University of Palermo. Italy’s university system is based on a three-year degree, 6 (follow) by a two-year master’s course. University officials are hoping that Mr. Paternò 7 (continue) his studies. He isn’t so sure. “ I have to admit that in this moment, I don’t know 8 I would handle it with the same spirit. ” he said, noting that all the attention had been a bit tiring. Still, Mr. Paternò said, he would 9 (probable) register anyway. “ I want to keep my 10 (choice) open. ” 【答案】 1．got 2．graduation 3．of 4．finishing 5．a 6．followed 7．will continue 8．whether / if 9．probably 10．choices 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了朱塞佩·帕特诺先生在97岁生日前获得了大学学位，并因此引起了较大关注。 1．考查动词时态。句意：在他97岁生日前六周，朱塞佩·帕特诺实现了他一生的梦想：他获得了大学学位。分析句子结构及空前人称代词可知，设空处应用动词作谓语。此处陈述过去发生的事情，句子时态为一般过去时，应用动词过去式。get是动词，意为“获得”，其过去式为got。故填got。 2．考查名词。句意：帕特诺先生的毕业激发了世界各地的新闻报道，部分是由于他的年龄。根据空前名词所有格Mr. Paternò’s可知，设空处应用名词作主语。graduate是动词，意为“毕业”，其名词形式是graduation。故填graduation。 3．考查介词及固定搭配。句意：帕特诺先生的毕业激发了世界各地的新闻报道，部分是由于他的年龄。根据空后名词his age可知，设空处应用介词。because of是固定搭配，意为“由于”，后面接名词。故填of。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：帕特诺先生于1923年出生于巴勒莫，是一个“非常贫穷的家庭”中七个孩子中的老大，他在小学毕业后不久就开始工作了。根据空前介词after可知，设空处应用动名词形式。故填finishing。 5．考查冠词。句意：“他的故事可以证明，梦想可以成真，如果你培养兴趣，你可以保持年轻——如果不是年龄，至少在精神上。”他的论文导师、巴勒莫大学历史学教授罗塞拉·坎西拉说。根据空后名词professor可知，设空处应用冠词。此处表示泛指，且以辅音音素发音，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：意大利的大学系统基于三年制学士学位，然后是两年制硕士课程。分析句子结构可知，设空处为非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语degree之间的逻辑关系为被动，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填followed。 7．考查动词时态。句意：学校的负责人们希望帕特诺先生继续他的学业。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用动词作谓语。根据上文“University officials are hoping that”可知，句子时态为一般将来时。故用will continue。 8．考查宾语从句。句意：“我不得不承认，在这一刻，我不知道是否我会以同样的精神来处理它，”他说，并指出最近的关注让自己有些疲惫。根据空前动词don’t know可知，设空处应用连词引导宾语从句。结合句意，句中缺乏“是否”之意，帕特诺先生不确定是否会以同样的精神处理事情。故填whether或if。 9．考查副词。句意：不过，帕特诺先生说，无论如何，他都会可能入学。分析句子结构，设空处应用副词修饰动词register。故填probably。 10．考查名词复数。句意：我想要保留选择的余地。结合句意，此处表达的选择不仅只有一个，应用名词复数形式。故填choices。 4 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 I remember a very special day in my life, my first Holy Communion. It was a warm sunny day in May. Mum said, ''Breakfast must 1 (eat) before you put on your dress.'' I ate the 2 (fast) breakfast of my whole life! I felt like a princess and 3 (leave) the house with my beautiful dress. Then I went to church together with my parents. Afterwards, my school friends came and we ran across the road 4 (happy) for the delicious ice cream. Later on that day my mum took me out to work 5 her. My mum sold newspapers on that road every day. When 5 o'clock came around, Mum gave me some newspapers 6 (serve) all the people in the street. While I 7 (give) a man his newspapers，I noticed a woman looking at me. The woman called me over and gave me a note（钞票）, 8 was a lot of money in those days. So I got very 9 (excite) and ran back to my mum to give 10 to her. I was so happy that I got a reward for what I had done. 【答案】 1．be eaten 2．fastest 3．left 4．happily 5．with 6．to serve 7．was giving 8．which 9．excited 10．it 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者生命中一个非常特别的日子，第一次参加圣餐，下午和妈妈一起工作，体验到了得到回报的乐趣。 1．考查被动语态。句意：五月的一天，阳光明媚。 妈妈说，“早餐必须在你穿上衣服之前吃。”根据must判断此处应填动词原形，又breakfast和eat之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be done，故填be eaten。 2．考查形容词比较级。句意：我吃了人生中最快的一次早餐。此处应填形容词修饰名词breakfast，又结合句意和the判断用形容词的最高级，故填fastest。 3．考查时态。句意：我觉得自己像个公主，带着漂亮的裙子离开了房子。本句用and连接两个并列的谓语动词，根据felt判断此处用leave的一般过去时形式，故填left。 4．考查副词。句意：之后，我学校的朋友来了，我们高兴地跑过马路去吃美味的冰淇淋。此处应填副词修饰动词ran，故填happily。 5．考查介词。句意：那天的晚些时候，妈妈带着我和她一起出去工作。此处考查短语work  with  sb.“和某人一起工作”，故填with。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：快到五点的时候，妈妈给了我一些报纸，派发给街上的所有的人。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词，结合句意“妈妈给我报纸去派发给街上的人”可知，此处应用不定式表目的，故填to  serve。 7．考查时态。句意：当我给一位男士报纸的时候，我看到一个女士在看我。分析句子结构可知，此处是从句的谓语动词，结合语境判断为过去进行时，其结构是was/were  doing，又主语是I，故填was giving。 8．考查定语从句。句意：那个女人把我叫过来，给了我一张钞票，在那个年代那是一大笔钱。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词note在从句中充当主语，故用关系代词which引导，故填which。 9．考查形容词。句意：所以我非常兴奋，跑回我妈妈那里把它给她。此处应填形容词作为get的表语，又修饰主语I，应用v-ed形式的形容词，意为“感到兴奋的”，故填excited。 10．考查代词。句意：因此，我非常开心，跑着回到妈妈那里把钱给她。结合句意可知，此处应用代词来指代上文出现的money，该名词不可数，应用it代替，故填it。 5 One will be happy when he 1 (help) others. I learn about this through my own experiences. Last year I joined a volunteer organization which provided me 2 many opportunities to help others. Last Sunday we went to 3 orphanage where there were about thirty children 4 were disabled. When I saw those lovely children, I felt rather sorry for them. 5 (experience) some pains and sufferings, they faced the world with smiles. All the volunteers here, including me, thought that it was high time that we did something for them. Therefore, we arranged some 6 (activity). After doing some washing and reading stories for them, we played simple games together with them. Seeing them playing happily, I 7 (move) to tears and realized what they needed was not only material assistance 8 love from others as well. When we left, both the children and we volunteers were unwilling 9 (part). Although spending time with these children and in assisting others has taken up most of my spare time, I feel even 10 (happy) than before because I can bring others happiness. 【答案】 1．helps 2．with 3．an 4．who/that 5．Having experienced 6．activities 7．was moved 8．but 9．to part 10．happier 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者帮助孩子的经历，让作者意识到帮助人能让自己快乐。 1．考查动词时态。句意：当帮助别人时会让自己感到开心。分析句子可知，当主句是将来时或表示将来含义时，时间状语从句多用一般现在时。故填helps。 2．考查固定搭配。句意：去年我加入了一个志愿者组织，它为我提供了很多帮助他人的机会。分析句子可知，provide......with.....是固定搭配意为“提供......”，符合语境。故填with。 3．考查冠词。句意：上周日我们去了一个孤儿院，那里有大约三十个残疾儿童。分析句子可知，这里泛指“去了一个孤儿院”，因此使用不定冠词限定名词orphanage，且orphanage 是以元音音素开头的词，使用不定冠词an限定。故填an。 4．考查定语从句。句意：上周日我们去了一个孤儿院，那里有大约三十个残疾儿童。分析句子可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是thirty children，关系词在从句中作主语，因此使用who或者that引导定语从句。故填who或that。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：当我看到那些可爱的孩子时，我为他们感到难过。分析句子可知，句中存在谓语动词faced，这里使用非谓语动词形式，且experience动作发生在faced之前，即发生在“过去的过去”，且逻辑主语they与have之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词的完成式作状语，位于句首首字母需大写。故填Having experienced。 6．考查名词复数。句意：因此，我们安排了一些活动。分析句子可知，some修饰可数名词复数。故填activities。 7．考查动词时态和语态。句意：看着他们玩得开心，我感动得热泪盈眶，意识到他们需要的不仅仅是物质上的帮助，还有别人的爱。分析句子可知，be moved意为“被感动”符合语境，且结合全文时态是一般过去时。故填was moved。 8．考查固定搭配。句意：看着他们玩得开心，我感动得热泪盈眶，意识到他们需要的不仅仅是物质上的帮助，还有别人的爱。分析句子可知，not only......but （also）......是固定搭配意为“不仅......而且......”，符合本句语境。故填but。 9．考查固定搭配。句意：当我们离开时，孩子们和我们志愿者都不愿意分开。分析句子可知，be unwilling to do是固定搭配意为“不愿意做......”，符合语境。故填to part。 10．考查形容词比较级。句意：虽然和这些孩子在一起、帮助别人的时间占据了我大部分的空闲时间，但我觉得比以前更快乐，因为我能给别人带来快乐。分析句子可知，空后有than，且空处作feel的表语，因此这里使用形容词比较级形式作表语。故填happier。 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese farmers observed a special festival on Sept 23, 2023. 1 (know) as the Chinese Farmer’s Harvest Festival, this event happens every year on the autumn equinox (秋分). It’s a time 2 (honor) the hard work of farmers and celebrate their achievements. It also highlights the important role that farmers 3 (play) in the past three decades. As 4 country with a large population, China considers solving the food security issue as a top priority (头等大事). Over the last decade, the country’s grain production has consistently (持续地) increased, 5 (enable) China to provide help for other countries and regions. On the global scale, China has put more effort than any other country, 6 helps developing countries to work with each other. Other countries’ 7 (recognize) of China’s agricultural development can be summarized in two points. First, they respect China’s ability to address 8 (it) own food security. Second, they treat China as their “true friends”, because China has made great contributions 9 global food security. Food insecurity is 10 (basic) caused by imbalanced development worldwide. On this matter, actions speak louder than words. 【答案】 1．Known 2．to honor 3．have played 4．a 5．enabling 6．which 7．recognition 8．its 9．to 10．basically 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章概述了中国农民在2023年庆祝丰收节的盛况，强调了农民的重要性和中国粮食安全的全球意义，同时指出了全球发展不平衡导致的食品安全问题。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为中国农民丰收节的这个节日，每年在秋分时节举行。分析句子可知，此空需用非谓语动词，且know与逻辑主语this event之间是被动关系，意为“被称为……”，且此空位于句首，首字母应大写，所以应填过去分词Known。故填Known。 2．考查不定式。句意：这是向农民的辛勤劳动致敬和庆祝他们成就的时刻。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式to do作后置定语，表示目的，即“为了……”。故填to honor。 3．考查定语从句的时态。句意：这也凸显了农民在过去三十年中扮演的重要角色。分析句子可知，此处为that引导的定语从句，根据句中时间状语“in the past three decades”可知，空处作为从句谓语，应用现在完成时，因主语为farmers，是复数，故应填have played。故填have played。 4．考查冠词。句意：作为一个人口大国，中国把解决粮食安全问题作为首要任务。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指“一个人口大国”，且country为可数名词单数形式，且为辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 5．考查现在分词。句意：在过去的十年里，中国的粮食生产持续增长，使中国能够为其他国家和地区提供帮助。分析句子可知，空处应为非谓语形式，因enable与逻辑主语“the country’s grain production”为主动关系，故此处应用现在分词enabling，意为“使能够”。故填enabling。 6．考查定语从句。句意：在全球范围内，中国比其他任何国家付出更多的努力，这有助于发展中国家相互合作。分析句子可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的整个句子“On the global scale, China has put more effort than any other country”，在从句中充当主语，所以应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 7．考查名词。句意：其他国家对中国农业发展的认可可以概括为两点。分析句子可知，空处为该句主语，故应为所给词的名词形式；recognition为不可数名词，意为“认可”，故填recognition。 8．考查代词。句意：首先，他们尊重中国解决自己粮食安全问题的能力。“形容词性物主代词+own+名词”意为“自己的……”；根据所给词it，故应为其形容词性物主代词形式its。故填its。 9．考查介词。句意：其次，他们视中国为“真朋友”，因为中国为全球粮食安全做出了巨大贡献。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语“make contributions to...”,意为“对……做出贡献”，介词to表动作指向，意为“向……，对……”。故填to。 10．考查副词。句意：粮食不安全基本上是由全球发展不平衡造成的。根据句意可知，此处应用副词basically修饰动词caused，表示“基本上”。故填basically。 7 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 BYD, or Biyadi, is a leading Chinese automotive company that specializes in new energy vehicles, including electric cars and buses. 1 (establish) in Shenzhen in 2003 by Wang Chuanfu, 2 expert in battery technology, BYD initially made its mark in the battery industry. The company’s name, meaning ‘Build Your Dreams’, reflects 3 (it) ambitious vision. BYD 4 (focus) on developing electric and hybrid vehicles from the very beginning, taking advantage of its excellent battery technology. BYD’s commitment to innovation has led to the production of several 5 (true) successful models, such as the F3DM, the world’s first mass-produced plug-in hybrid car, and the E6, an electric crossover. Over the years, BYD has expanded its reach globally, selling vehicles in numerous countries and establishing research and 6 (produce) facilities internationally. The company has also diversified into other areas, including solar energy and LED technology, reflecting its broader commitment to 7 (sustain) development. BYD has been at the forefront of the electric vehicle revolution, investing heavily in research and development. Its innovative Blade Battery technology, introduced in 2020, aims to enhance the safety and performance of EV batteries, 8 so far has still been a major concern for the market. Today, BYD continues to grow, driven by its mission to create a 9 (green) future. With a diverse range of products and a strong 10 (present) in both domestic and international markets, BYD is a symbol of China’s rise as a major player in the global automotive industry. 【答案】 1．Established 2．an 3．its 4．has focused 5．truly 6．production 7．sustainable 8．which 9．greener 10．presence 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国领先的新能源汽车公司比亚迪的发展历程、主要产品和在电动汽车行业的创新与贡献。 1．考查被动语态。句意：比亚迪于2003年由电池技术专家王传福在深圳创立，最初在电池行业崭露头角。establish与其逻辑主语BYD之间是被动关系，空处应为过去分词作状语，表示被动和完成，句首单词首字母大写，故填Established。 2．考查冠词。句意：比亚迪于2003年由电池技术专家王传福在深圳创立，最初在电池行业崭露头角。expert为可数名词，此处表示泛指，用不定冠词，且expert以元音音素开头，故填an。 3．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：公司名称意为“造梦”，反映了其雄心勃勃的愿景。修饰名词vision应用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 4．考查时态。句意：比亚迪从一开始就专注于开发电动汽车和混合动力汽车，利用其出色的电池技术。根据时间状语from the very beginning可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为BYD，助动词用has，故填has focused。 5．考查副词。句意：比亚迪对创新的承诺使其生产出了许多真正成功的车型，如世界上第一款批量生产的插电式混合动力汽车F3DM和电动跨界车E6。空处修饰形容词successful，应用副词truly，故填truly。 6．考查名词。句意：多年来，比亚迪在全球范围内扩大了业务范围，在许多国家销售汽车，并在国际上建立了研究和生产设施。此处与research并列，应填名词形式，production facilities表示“生产设施”，故填production。 7．考查形容词。句意：该公司还涉足其他领域，包括太阳能和LED技术，反映了其对可持续发展的更广泛承诺。修饰名词development应用形容词sustainable，故填sustainable。 8．考查定语从句。句意：其2020年推出的Blade Battery技术旨在提高电动汽车电池的安全性和性能，这一直是市场的一大关注点。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。 9．考查形容词。句意：如今，比亚迪继续发展，致力于创造一个更绿色的未来。空处表示“更绿色”，修饰名词future，应为比较级，用形容词greener，故填greener。 10．考查名词。句意：比亚迪拥有多样化的产品，在国内和国际市场上拥有强大的影响力，是中国崛起为全球汽车行业主要参与者的象征。根据空前形容词strong可知，此处应用名词presence作宾语，表示“存在”，故填presence。 8 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1适当单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 Chinese writer Hai Ya’s The Space-Time Painter won the Hugo Award (雨果奖) for Best Novelette at the 81st World Science Fiction Convention, 1 (hold)in the southwestern Chinese city of Chengdu. He became 2 third Chinese writer to win a Hugo Award after Liu Cixin in 2015 and Hao Jingfang in 2016. “The Space-Time Painter” 3 (publish)in 2022. It was inspired by the life experience of the 4 (talent)Chinese painter Wang Ximeng during the Northern Song period(960-1127), 5 created the12-meter-long landscape painting “One Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains.” It tells a story about the political power struggle of the time combined 6 diverse elements such as Chinese traditional culture, history and science fiction. “Our culture and traditions are 7 (close) connected with our lives” said Hai, noting that Chinese sci-fi writers are becoming more confident in showcasing native culture and narratives. “I’m very happy that this work has received 8 (recognize), and as for my personally most satisfying work, it will always be the next one,” said the award winner. 9 (comment)on the Chinese winners of the Hugo Awards, sci-fi writer Han Song wrote on Sina Weibo that it shows that a new force of Chinese sci-fi 10 (rise), and sci-fi has become a name card and a language for China to communicate with the world. 【答案】 1．held 2．the 3．was published 4．talented 5．who 6．with 7．closely 8．recognition 9．Commenting 10．has risen 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作家海崖将王希孟的生平故事编织成一部引人入胜的小说，将中国传统文化和历史元素与科幻和侦探小说相结合并成了中国第三位获得雨果奖的科幻小说家。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国作家海娅的《时空画家》在中国西南部城市成都举行的第81届世界科幻大会上获得了雨果奖最佳中篇小说奖。句中有谓语won，前后无连词，此处应为非谓语动词作后置定语，与the 81st World Science Fiction Convention是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填held。 2．考查冠词。句意：他成为继2015年的刘慈欣和2016年的郝景芳之后，第三位获得雨果奖的中国作家。根据空后序数词third可知，空处应为定冠词the，故填the。 3．考查被动语态。句意：《时空画家》出版于2022年。“The Space-Time Painter”与publish之间是被动关系，主语为单数形式，结合2022可知为一般过去时态 ，故填was published。 4．考查形容词。句意：它的灵感来自北宋时期（960-1127）才华横溢的中国画家王希蒙的生平经历，他创作了12米长的山水画《千里江山》。分析可知，空处应为形容词talented修饰空后名词Chinese painter，故填talented。 5．考查定语从句。句意：它的灵感来自北宋时期（960-1127）才华横溢的中国画家王希蒙的生平经历，他创作了12米长的山水画《千里江山》。分析可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Wang Ximeng，指人，空处代替先行词作主语，故填who。 6．考查介词。句意：它讲述了一个结合了中国传统文化、历史、科幻小说等。combine with为固定短语，表示“结合”，故填with。 7．考查副词。句意：“我们的文化和传统与我们的生活息息相关，”海说，并指出中国科幻作家在展示本土文化和叙事方面越来越有信心。分析可知，空处应为副词作状语修饰connected，故填closely。 8．考查名词。句意：“我很高兴这项工作得到了认可，至于我个人最满意的作品，它将永远是下一部，”获奖者说。分析可知，空处应为名词作宾语，故填recognition。 9．考查现在分词。句意：科幻作家韩松在新浪微博上评论雨果奖的中国获奖者时表示，这说明中国科幻的一股新生力量正在崛起，科幻已经成为中国与世界交流的名片和语言。分析可知，动词comment和句子的主语sci-fi writer Han Song之间是主动关系，空处应为现在分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填Commenting。 10．考查现在完成时。句意：科幻作家韩松在新浪微博上评论雨果奖的中国获奖者时表示，这说明中国科幻的一股新生力量正在崛起，科幻已经成为中国与世界交流的名片和语言。根据has become可知，空处应为并列的现在完成时，故填has risen。 9 阅读下列内容, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 We’ve all heard that laughter is the 1 (good) medicine, and it’s true. Laughter makes you feel better and it’s also good 2 your relationships. Laughter brings people closer, and is a 3 (power) tool for making you relax when feelings are running high. Whether with your friends and family, or co-workers, you can learn to use humor 4 (solve) disagreements, lower everyone’s stress levels, and communicate in a way that deepens the relationships. Humor plays 5 important role in all kinds of relationships. In new relationships, humor can be a useful tool not just for 6 (attract) the other person but also for getting over any awkwardness (尴尬) arising when we get to know each other. In old relationships, humor can keep things more exciting and fresher. Sharing the pleasure of humor 7 (create) a sense of closeness and connection between two people—qualities that are signs of strong and successful 8 (relationship). When you laugh with one another, you create a positive relationship between you, 9 acts as a strong buffer (缓冲剂) against stress, disagreements and disappointments in your relationship. And laughter is spreading—just hearing someone laugh often makes you smile 10 (happy) and join in the fun. 【答案】 1．best 2．for 3．powerful 4．to solve 5．an 6．attracting 7．creates 8．relationships 9．which 10．happily 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了笑的作用。 1．考查形容词最高级。句意：我们都听说笑是最好的药，这是真的。根据定冠词以及句意“最好”可知，应用形容词最高级best“最好的”，作定语，修饰medicine。故填best。 2．考查介词。句意：笑会让你感觉更好，对你的人际关系也有好处。结合句意和空前的good可知，本空填介词for。短语be good for表示“有利于”。故填for。 3．考查形容词。句意：笑能拉近人与人之间的距离，当你情绪高涨时，笑是一种让你放松的强大工具。修饰名词tool应用形容词powerful“强大的”，作定语。故填powerful。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：无论是和你的朋友、家人还是同事，你都可以学会用幽默来解决分歧，降低每个人的压力水平，并以一种加深关系的方式进行沟通。短语use sth. to do sth.表示“利用某物做某事”，故用solve“解决”的不定式形式。故填to solve。 5．考查冠词。句意：幽默在各种关系中都扮演着重要的角色。表示“在……中起重要作用”，短语为play an important role in。故填an。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在新的关系中，幽默是一个有用的工具，不仅可以吸引对方，还可以克服我们相互了解时产生的尴尬。分析句子结构可知，本空填attract“吸引”的动名词形式attracting，作for的宾语。故填attracting。 7．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：分享幽默的乐趣会在两个人之间建立一种亲密感和联系——这些都是牢固而成功的关系的标志。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语Sharing the pleasure of humor，故谓语用create“创建”的第三人称单数形式。故填creates。 8．考查名词的数。句意：分享幽默的乐趣会在两个人之间建立一种亲密感和联系——这些都是牢固而成功的关系的标志。根据句意和signs可知，relationship是可数名词，前面无表示数量的限定词，本空用relationship“关系”的复数形式。故填relationships。 9．考查定语从句。句意：当你们一起笑的时候，你们之间就建立了一种积极的关系，这是一种强有力的缓冲，可以缓解你们关系中的压力、分歧和失望。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词relationship，且从句中缺少主语，故填which，引导定语从句。故填which。 10．考查副词。句意：笑声是会传播的——只要听到别人的笑声，你就会开心地笑起来，加入其中。修饰动词smile应用副词happily“开心地”，作状语。故填happily。 10 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单同的正确形式。 In the workshop of a brush-pen store in Huzhou, the 29-year-old.Shi Wangli makes traditional Chinese brush-pens.Her hands are immersed (浸泡）in water for at 1 (little) eight hours a day，in 2 summer and winter. The choice of the hairs in steps of making a quality brush-pen is of great 3 (important) and the work does cannot be performed 4 a machine.it is a difficult but meaningful job. She is the youngest brush-pen technician in Huzhou. The manager of the store says he is worried the thousand-year-old technique for making the Huzhou brush-pen used in calligraphy (书法) will be lost with few young people 5 （will) to learn it. In Chinese history, brush-pen is.an essential （基本的）tool for cultural inheritance (遗产). However, with the rapid progress of modern technology, brush- Pens 6 (replace) firstly by pens, then ballpoint pens and now keyboards. The Ministry- of Education required elementary and middle schools to start calligraphy classes 7 (save) the Chinese traditional culture.There is a general 8 (believe) that brush-pen making should be regarded as a technique 9 represents Chinese culture. People should get to know the meanings and thoughts behind these traditional 10 ( technique). 【答案】 1．least 2．both 3．importance 4．by 5．willing 6．were replaced 7．to save 8．belief 9．that/which 10．techniques 【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要内容是上乘毛笔的制作非常讲究，而有人会担心这些传统技艺因现代科技而被取代，故呼吁人们应重视中国的传统技术。 1．考查固定搭配。句意：她的手每天至少泡在水里8个小时。根据句意可知，at least是固定搭配，意为“至少”，故填least。 2．考查固定搭配。句意：无论是夏天还是冬天，她的手每天都要泡在水里至少8个小时。根据句意可知，both…and…是固定搭配，意为“……和……都……”，故填both。 3．考查名词。句意：在制作一支高质量的毛笔时，模具中毛的选择至关重要。分析句子结构可知，空处填名词，再结合句意可知，of great importance是固定搭配，相当于important，故填importance。 4．考查介词。句意：这项工作不能由机器来做。分析句子结构可知，空处填介词，再结合句意可知，be performed是被动结构，空后the machine是施动者，故填by。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：这家店的经理说，他担心湖州书法用笔这种有千年历史的制作工艺会因为没有多少年轻人愿意学习而消失。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词，再结合句意可知，few young people和will之间是主动关系，应用其动词ing形式，故填willing。 6．考查被动语态。句意：钢笔要先被钢笔代替。分析句子结构可知，空处填谓语动词，再结合句意可知，brush-pens和replace之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，且根据语境可知此处用一般过去时，又因brush-pens是复数形式，故填were replaced。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：教育部要求中小学开设书法班，以保护中国传统文化。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词，再结合句意可知，空处表示目的，在句中做目的状语，意为“为了”，故填to save。 8．考查名词。句意：人们普遍认为，毛笔制作应该被视为代表中国文化的一种技术。分析句子结构可知，空处填名词，再结合句意可知，belief意为“相信、信仰”，故填belief。 9．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处填定语从句关系代词，在从句中做主语，又因先行词是a technique（技术），其前无特殊词修饰，故填that/which。 10．考查名词的数。句意：人们应该了解这些传统技术背后的含义和思想。分析句子结构可知，空处填名词的复数，technique表示“技术”，是针对方法和技巧而言，此处表示具体意义，可用复数形式，故填techniques。 11 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Different countries have wildly different forms of greeting. In the USA, when you pass by someone you know, a nod is acceptable, and you usually shake hands with someone you first meet. But in Latin countries, a firm handshake 1 (consider) rude. In my home country, Mauritius, when people meet, they usually kiss each other 2 the cheeks. This is also common in France, 3 the act is called faire la bise. However, this is not 4 universal rule. During my first week in the USA, I kissed every single girl I met. My friends had to tell me that that was inappropriate, 5 (leave) me in great embarrassment. What is common here, however, is for friends 6 (hug) each other – something I was not used to. Hugs always make me 7 (frighten) because I don’t really like that. This may seem strange since even kissing 8 (stranger) is normal in my country. Now that I think about it, I hate cheek-kissing as well. Wouldn’t it be 9 (enjoy) to have a greeting code that is 10 (wide) acceptable? I’m not saying we should start doing that, but we can surely do something to avoid misunderstanding. 【答案】 1．is considered 2．on 3．where 4．a 5．leaving 6．to hug 7．frightened 8．strangers 9．enjoyable 10．widely 【解析】本文是记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历和例子讲述了不同的国家有非常不同的问候方式。 1．考查时态语态。句中主语a firm handshake和动词consider是被动关系，此处作谓语用被动语态。表示客观事实，与上下文一致用一般现在时。故填is considered。 2．考查介词。此处指亲吻对方的脸颊，在脸上用介词on。故填on。 3．考查定语从句。句中包含定语从句，先行词是France，在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导，故填where。 4．考查冠词。句中rule是可数名词单数形式，此处表示一种普遍的规律，universal开头是辅音因素，故填a。 5．考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，此处用非谓语。前面句子与动词leave是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语，故填leaving。 6．考查动词不定式。句中What is common here是主语从句，此处强调具体的动作用不定式作表语。故填to hug。 7．考查形容词。句意：拥抱总是让我很害怕，因为我不喜欢拥抱。修饰人用-ed结尾的形容词，故填frightened。 8．考查名词。stranger是单数可数名词，此处表示泛指用复数形式，故填strangers。 9．考查形容词。句意：有一个被广泛接受的问候代码不是很令人愉快吗?此处表示“令人愉快的”用形容词作表语，故填enjoyable。 10．考查副词。修饰形容词acceptable用副词，指广泛接受的，故填widely。 12 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Language is sometimes written as a code so that people can communicate secrets. During 1 Second World War, the German Navy （海军）used a code to send messages. The British broke the code and 2 （learn） about many German plans. The Japanese also used a code to talk to 3 （they） ships at sea. It was called the Purple Code. Although the Americans soon broke this code, the Japanese didn’t know it 4 （break）. In 1942 , the Americans began to use their own code to send 5 （secret）. A few Navajo（纳瓦在人）Indians made this code 6 （base） on their language, which only some American Indians spoke. The code described a few things the American army did. Only they could understand this code, so they went with the army as it fought against the Japanese. These Navajo soldiers promised 7 （keep） this code a secret, even though this could cause their 8 （die）. The Japanese never broke the code because they knew nothing 9 the Navajo language. And the code, 10 connected two languages, helped win the war in the Pacific. 【答案】 1．the 2．learned/learnt 3．their 4．had been broken 5．secrets 6．based 7．to keep 8．deaths 9．about 10．which 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了二战时期不同国家使用的一些语言密码。 1．考查冠词。此处特指第二次世界大战，序数词前面要用定冠词 the。故填the。 2．考查时态。根据前文During the Second World War可知是过去发生的事情，所以此处用一般过去时learned/learnt。故填learned/learnt。 3．考查代词。此处表示日本人也用密码跟他们的船只交流，修饰名词ships应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 4．考查时态及语态。根据前文Although the Americans soon broke this code, the Japanese didn’t know it可知，美国人破解了密码，但日本人不知道密码已经被破解了。break动作发生在didn’t know之前，故本空应用过去完成时，且根据语境可知此处应用被动语态，故填 had been broken。 5．考查名词复数。根据语境可知美国人用密码传递秘密，秘密不可能是一个，应用复数 secrets。故填secrets。 6．考查过去分词。此处指一些纳瓦霍印第安人以他们的语言为基础创造了密码。be based on意为“以……为基础”，本空应用过去分词based。故填based。 7．考查不定式。promise to do sth. 意为“承诺做某事”，本空应用to keep作宾语。故填to keep。 8．考查名词复数。设空处作动词cause的宾语，并且被形容词性物主代词their修饰，所以用名词复数。故填deaths。 9．考查介词。根据语境可知，他们对纳瓦霍印第安人的语言一无所知。know nothing about...意为“对……一无所知”，本空应介词 about。故填about。 10．考查定语从句的关系词。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the code, 关系词在从句中作主语，应用which。故填which。 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年暑假新高一英语衔接学习系列 专题24 语言运用之语法填空 一、文体类型 高中英语语法填空的文本材料涵盖多种文体，常见的有记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文等。不同文体具有独特的语言特点和结构模式，了解这些文体类型有助于考生更好地理解文本内容，把握上下文逻辑关系，从而准确解答题目。 （一）记叙文 记叙文以叙述事件、描写人物为主，通常按照时间顺序展开，包含事件的起因、经过和结果。这类文体常涉及人物的动作、心理活动以及事件的发展变化，语言生动形象，时态多以过去时为主。 【语段举例】 Last week, my class went on a school trip to a local farm. We arrived there early in the morning. The farmer greeted us warmly and showed us around the farm. First, we saw the cows and learned how to milk them. Then, we visited the chicken coop and collected some fresh eggs. After that, we helped the farmers plant vegetables in the field. It was a tiring but exciting day. We all had a great time and learned a lot about farming. 分析：这段记叙文按照时间顺序描述了班级去农场的经历。文中使用了过去时 "went""arrived""greeted""showed""saw""learned""visited""collected""helped""plant"等，体现了记叙文的时态特点。在语法填空中，可能会考查动词的时态、名词的单复数（如"farm"为可数名词，此处用单数）、连词（如"and"连接并列动作）等知识点。例如，若设空为"We arrived there early ______ the morning."，则需要填入介词"in"，构成"in the morning" 的固定搭配。 （二）说明文 说明文以说明事物的性质、特征、用途、原理或解释某种现象为主，语言客观、准确、简洁，结构清晰，常使用定义、举例、分类、比较等说明方法。时态多为一般现在时，以客观陈述事实。 【语段举例】 The computer is one of the most important inventions in the 20th century. It is a machine that can process information quickly and accurately. Computers are widely used in various fields, such as education, business, medicine, and entertainment. They can help people work more efficiently, store a large amount of data, and communicate with others around the world. There are different types of computers, including desktop computers, laptop computers, and tablet computers. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages. 分析：这段说明文介绍了计算机的相关信息，使用一般现在时，客观地说明了计算机的重要性、功能、应用领域和类型。在语法填空中，可能会考查定语从句（如 "that can process information quickly and accurately" 修饰 "machine"）、固定搭配（如 "in various fields"）、名词的单复数（如 "inventions" 为复数）等。例如，若设空为 "Computers are widely used ______ various fields."，则应填入介词 "in"。 （三）议论文 议论文以议论为主要表达方式，通过摆事实、讲道理，阐述作者的观点、立场和主张。议论文通常包含论点、论据和论证过程，语言具有逻辑性和说服力，时态多样，根据具体内容而定。 【语段举例】 In my opinion, reading is very important for everyone. Reading can help us gain knowledge, improve our thinking ability, and broaden our horizons. There are many good books to read, such as novels, science books, and history books. Each type of book can bring us different benefits. For example, novels can make us understand human nature and society, science books can help us learn about the world around us, and history books can teach us lessons from the past. However, we should choose the books that are suitable for us and read them carefully. 分析：这段议论文表达了作者对阅读重要性的观点，通过列举不同类型书籍的好处来论证论点。文中使用了一般现在时，逻辑连接词 "however" 表示转折。在语法填空中，可能会考查宾语从句（如 "that are suitable for us" 作 "books" 的定语）、固定短语（如 "in my opinion"）、连词（如 "and" 连接并列动词 "gain""improve""broaden"）等。例如，若设空为 "Reading can help us gain knowledge, improve our thinking ability, ______ broaden our horizons."，则需要填入连词 "and"。 （四）应用文 应用文包括书信、通知、日记、广告、演讲稿等，具有实用性强、格式固定、语言简洁明了的特点。不同类型的应用文有不同的格式和用语要求，时态根据具体内容而定。 【语段举例】 Dear Tom, How are you? I'm writing to invite you to my birthday party. The party will be held at my home this Saturday evening. We will have dinner, sing songs, and play games. I hope you can come and have a good time with us. Please let me know if you can make it. Best wishes, Li Hua 分析：这是一封邀请信，属于应用文。格式上有称呼、正文、结尾和署名。语言简洁明了，使用一般将来时 "will be held""will have"等。在语法填空中，可能会考查动词的时态、固定搭配（如"invite sb. to..."）、连词（如"and"连接并列动作）等。例如，若设空为"The party will be held ______ my home this Saturday evening."，则应填入介词"at"。 二、题型设置 高中英语语法填空主要有两种题型：纯空格题和给出提示词题。纯空格题要求考生根据上下文语境和语法知识，填入适当的单词（通常为冠词、介词、连词、代词等）；给出提示词题则要求考生根据提示词的适当形式填空（如动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词，名词的单复数，形容词和副词的比较级、最高级等）。例如： One day, a little girl named Lily was walking in the park. She saw 1 bird lying on the ground. The bird's wing was broken, and it couldn't fly 2 the sky. Lily felt sorry for the bird 3 decided to help it. She 4 (take) the bird home and made a small house for it. Every day, she fed the bird and took care of it. After a few 5 (week), the bird's wing healed. When Lily opened the door of the house, the bird flew away happily. Lily learned that helping others can bring joy to both the giver and the receiver. [答题简析] 第1题是纯空格题，考查冠词。"bird" 是可数名词单数，第一次提到，前面应加不定冠词 "a"。 第2题是纯空格题，考查介词。"fly in the sky" 是固定搭配，意为 "在天空中飞翔"，所以填入 "in"。 第3题是纯空格题，考查连词。"felt sorry for the bird" 和 "decided to help it" 是顺承关系，用连词 "and" 连接。 第4题是给出提示词题，考查动词的时态。根据上下文可知，事情发生在过去，且与 "made" 并列，所以用过去式 "took"。 第5题是给出提示词题，考查名词的单复数。"a few" 后接可数名词复数，"week" 的复数形式是 "weeks"，所以填入 "weeks"。 三、解答策略 高中英语语法填空需要考生具备扎实的语法知识、丰富的词汇量和良好的阅读理解能力。通过了解不同的文体类型、熟悉题型设置和掌握解答策略，考生可以提高解题的准确性和效率，在考试中取得更好的成绩。 （一）纯空格题解答策略 分析句子结构：确定句子是否缺少主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，或者是否需要填入连接词、介词、冠词等。例如，若句子缺少主语，可能需要填入代词或名词；若句子是复合句，需要判断连接词的类型（如宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句的连接词）。 考虑固定搭配：英语中有许多固定的短语和搭配，如介词短语、动词短语、冠词搭配等。记住这些固定搭配可以帮助快速解题。例如，"in front of""look forward to""a cup of" 等。 结合上下文语境：纯空格题通常需要根据上下文的逻辑关系来判断填入的单词。例如，并列关系用 "and""or"等，转折关系用"but""however" 等，因果关系用 "because""so" 等。 （二）给出提示词题解答策略 判断词性转换：如果提示词是动词，需要考虑其在句子中的成分（谓语动词或非谓语动词）。作为谓语动词，要注意时态、语态和主谓一致；作为非谓语动词，要考虑不定式、动名词、现在分词或过去分词的形式。如果提示词是名词，需要考虑其单复数形式、所有格形式或是否转换为形容词、动词等。如果提示词是形容词或副词，需要考虑其比较级、最高级形式或是否转换为名词、动词等。 遵循语法规则：严格按照英语语法规则进行变形。例如，动词的过去式和过去分词的变化规则，名词复数的构成规则，形容词和副词比较级、最高级的变化规则等。 结合语境和逻辑：即使符合语法规则，也要结合上下文语境和逻辑关系，确保填入的形式正确。例如，在时间状语从句中，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。 （三）整体解题步骤 通读全文，理解大意：首先快速通读全文，了解文章的主题、文体和大致内容，把握上下文的逻辑关系。 逐句分析，确定考点：对每个句子进行分析，判断考查的知识点（如冠词、介词、连词、动词时态、名词单复数等），并根据考点进行解题。 检查答案，确保正确：完成所有题目后，再次通读全文，检查答案是否符合语法规则和上下文语境，确保没有遗漏或错误。 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last month, a Uber driver stopped her work so she could help a helpless new mother with a sick child. John Henry, Linda’s son, was born with a serious disease. Linda and her husband, who live in Kansas City and are both excellent athletes in the US, tried to find a doctor from Minnesota and Missouri to treat John Henry for the condition—but failed. Luckily, Linda managed 1 (contact) the best doctor in the world in St. Petersburg, Florida. The doctor asked for many of the 2 (detail) of the baby’s disease. It was said that the doctor was quite 3 (responsibility) and able to treat the disease so Linda said to her husband, “Next week I 4 (travel) to the Sunshine State to give our newborn son a fighting chance.” After John Henry was put into the ICU, Linda decided to go and buy him some new clothes. Upon ordering a Uber ride to the nearby clothing store, she was picked up by a woman 5 age was about forty. Her name was Nancy. Shortly after she got into Nancy’s car, Linda couldn’t help having a talk about her heartbreaking situation. “She told me her story and I really felt sorry for her,” Nancy said. Rather than simply drop Linda off at the store, 6 (amazing), Nancy parked the car and took her passenger to the store so she could treat John Henry to new clothes. Linda said, “For this stranger to go completely out of her way, who stopped what she was doing and stopped making money to come to be with me for 7 couple of hours, it was just moving and unbelievable.” Moved by Nancy’s good deed, Linda applied 8 a job in a charity (慈善组织) last week and signed 9 for some voluntary work to give a hand to others in trouble. Now Linda has changed her former personal 10 (prefer) and spends more time caring for her child and doing some volunteer work. 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Most people dream of living in a big expensive house. But Tim Shea just wanted to find a place 1 could become his home. This 70-year-old homeless man had spent several years living on the streets until he became the first resident of a village filled 2 3D- printed little houses. Shea was chosen to be the first person 3 (move) into Community First Village , a 51- acre site in Austin, Texas. The small houses in the village , like Shea’s 400-square-foot home, were built by the Austin-based start-up company ICON. Life wasn't easy for Shea before 4 (live) in Community First Village. He lived in an RV(野营车) for most of his life. This made 5 (he) stay away from people. “ I think from my 6 (person) experience of my former lifestyle, I developed a shell,” Shea said. “ I didn't feel secure(安心的)and any time I had the opportunity，I would hide.” Luckily, 7 (thing) changed when Shea got his new house. Since then, he has been meeting new people and making friends. “Now everything I do 8 (be) just the opposite. I have many activities to do every day with others,” Shea said. The houses 9 (design) by ICON have six different layouts (布局). Shea chose a home with an open floor. This way, 10 will be easier for him to use his wheelchair. 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Six weeks before his 97th birthday, Giuseppe Paternò fulfilled the dream of a lifetime: He 1 (get) a university degree. Mr. Paternò’s 2 (graduate) has inspired news reports around the world, partly because 3 his age. But he has also drawn attention because his life story speaks of commitment, a theme that has resonated (产生共鸣) as millions of schoolchildren in Italy and elsewhere face extraordinary uncertainty during the coronavirus pandemic. Born in Palermo in 1923, the first of seven children in a “ very poor family ” , Mr. Paternò began working soon after 4 (finish) elementary school. It was only after he retired, in the mid-1980s, that he returned to his books. “ His story proves that dreams can come true and that you can remain young — if not in age at least in spirit — if you develop interests. ” said Rosella Cancila, his essay adviser and 5 professor of history at the University of Palermo. Italy’s university system is based on a three-year degree, 6 (follow) by a two-year master’s course. University officials are hoping that Mr. Paternò 7 (continue) his studies. He isn’t so sure. “ I have to admit that in this moment, I don’t know 8 I would handle it with the same spirit. ” he said, noting that all the attention had been a bit tiring. Still, Mr. Paternò said, he would 9 (probable) register anyway. “ I want to keep my 10 (choice) open. ” 4 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 I remember a very special day in my life, my first Holy Communion. It was a warm sunny day in May. Mum said, ''Breakfast must 1 (eat) before you put on your dress.'' I ate the 2 (fast) breakfast of my whole life! I felt like a princess and 3 (leave) the house with my beautiful dress. Then I went to church together with my parents. Afterwards, my school friends came and we ran across the road 4 (happy) for the delicious ice cream. Later on that day my mum took me out to work 5 her. My mum sold newspapers on that road every day. When 5 o'clock came around, Mum gave me some newspapers 6 (serve) all the people in the street. While I 7 (give) a man his newspapers，I noticed a woman looking at me. The woman called me over and gave me a note（钞票）, 8 was a lot of money in those days. So I got very 9 (excite) and ran back to my mum to give 10 to her. I was so happy that I got a reward for what I had done. 5 One will be happy when he 1 (help) others. I learn about this through my own experiences. Last year I joined a volunteer organization which provided me 2 many opportunities to help others. Last Sunday we went to 3 orphanage where there were about thirty children 4 were disabled. When I saw those lovely children, I felt rather sorry for them. 5 (experience) some pains and sufferings, they faced the world with smiles. All the volunteers here, including me, thought that it was high time that we did something for them. Therefore, we arranged some 6 (activity). After doing some washing and reading stories for them, we played simple games together with them. Seeing them playing happily, I 7 (move) to tears and realized what they needed was not only material assistance 8 love from others as well. When we left, both the children and we volunteers were unwilling 9 (part). Although spending time with these children and in assisting others has taken up most of my spare time, I feel even 10 (happy) than before because I can bring others happiness. 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese farmers observed a special festival on Sept 23, 2023. 1 (know) as the Chinese Farmer’s Harvest Festival, this event happens every year on the autumn equinox (秋分). It’s a time 2 (honor) the hard work of farmers and celebrate their achievements. It also highlights the important role that farmers 3 (play) in the past three decades. As 4 country with a large population, China considers solving the food security issue as a top priority (头等大事). Over the last decade, the country’s grain production has consistently (持续地) increased, 5 (enable) China to provide help for other countries and regions. On the global scale, China has put more effort than any other country, 6 helps developing countries to work with each other. Other countries’ 7 (recognize) of China’s agricultural development can be summarized in two points. First, they respect China’s ability to address 8 (it) own food security. Second, they treat China as their “true friends”, because China has made great contributions 9 global food security. Food insecurity is 10 (basic) caused by imbalanced development worldwide. On this matter, actions speak louder than words. 7 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 BYD, or Biyadi, is a leading Chinese automotive company that specializes in new energy vehicles, including electric cars and buses. 1 (establish) in Shenzhen in 2003 by Wang Chuanfu, 2 expert in battery technology, BYD initially made its mark in the battery industry. The company’s name, meaning ‘Build Your Dreams’, reflects 3 (it) ambitious vision. BYD 4 (focus) on developing electric and hybrid vehicles from the very beginning, taking advantage of its excellent battery technology. BYD’s commitment to innovation has led to the production of several 5 (true) successful models, such as the F3DM, the world’s first mass-produced plug-in hybrid car, and the E6, an electric crossover. Over the years, BYD has expanded its reach globally, selling vehicles in numerous countries and establishing research and 6 (produce) facilities internationally. The company has also diversified into other areas, including solar energy and LED technology, reflecting its broader commitment to 7 (sustain) development. BYD has been at the forefront of the electric vehicle revolution, investing heavily in research and development. Its innovative Blade Battery technology, introduced in 2020, aims to enhance the safety and performance of EV batteries, 8 so far has still been a major concern for the market. Today, BYD continues to grow, driven by its mission to create a 9 (green) future. With a diverse range of products and a strong 10 (present) in both domestic and international markets, BYD is a symbol of China’s rise as a major player in the global automotive industry. 8 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1适当单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 Chinese writer Hai Ya’s The Space-Time Painter won the Hugo Award (雨果奖) for Best Novelette at the 81st World Science Fiction Convention, 1 (hold)in the southwestern Chinese city of Chengdu. He became 2 third Chinese writer to win a Hugo Award after Liu Cixin in 2015 and Hao Jingfang in 2016. “The Space-Time Painter” 3 (publish)in 2022. It was inspired by the life experience of the 4 (talent)Chinese painter Wang Ximeng during the Northern Song period(960-1127), 5 created the12-meter-long landscape painting “One Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains.” It tells a story about the political power struggle of the time combined 6 diverse elements such as Chinese traditional culture, history and science fiction. “Our culture and traditions are 7 (close) connected with our lives” said Hai, noting that Chinese sci-fi writers are becoming more confident in showcasing native culture and narratives. “I’m very happy that this work has received 8 (recognize), and as for my personally most satisfying work, it will always be the next one,” said the award winner. 9 (comment)on the Chinese winners of the Hugo Awards, sci-fi writer Han Song wrote on Sina Weibo that it shows that a new force of Chinese sci-fi 10 (rise), and sci-fi has become a name card and a language for China to communicate with the world. 9 阅读下列内容, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 We’ve all heard that laughter is the 1 (good) medicine, and it’s true. Laughter makes you feel better and it’s also good 2 your relationships. Laughter brings people closer, and is a 3 (power) tool for making you relax when feelings are running high. Whether with your friends and family, or co-workers, you can learn to use humor 4 (solve) disagreements, lower everyone’s stress levels, and communicate in a way that deepens the relationships. Humor plays 5 important role in all kinds of relationships. In new relationships, humor can be a useful tool not just for 6 (attract) the other person but also for getting over any awkwardness (尴尬) arising when we get to know each other. In old relationships, humor can keep things more exciting and fresher. Sharing the pleasure of humor 7 (create) a sense of closeness and connection between two people—qualities that are signs of strong and successful 8 (relationship). When you laugh with one another, you create a positive relationship between you, 9 acts as a strong buffer (缓冲剂) against stress, disagreements and disappointments in your relationship. And laughter is spreading—just hearing someone laugh often makes you smile 10 (happy) and join in the fun. 10 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单同的正确形式。 In the workshop of a brush-pen store in Huzhou, the 29-year-old.Shi Wangli makes traditional Chinese brush-pens.Her hands are immersed (浸泡）in water for at 1 (little) eight hours a day，in 2 summer and winter. The choice of the hairs in steps of making a quality brush-pen is of great 3 (important) and the work does cannot be performed 4 a machine.it is a difficult but meaningful job. She is the youngest brush-pen technician in Huzhou. The manager of the store says he is worried the thousand-year-old technique for making the Huzhou brush-pen used in calligraphy (书法) will be lost with few young people 5 （will) to learn it. In Chinese history, brush-pen is.an essential （基本的）tool for cultural inheritance (遗产). However, with the rapid progress of modern technology, brush- Pens 6 (replace) firstly by pens, then ballpoint pens and now keyboards. The Ministry- of Education required elementary and middle schools to start calligraphy classes 7 (save) the Chinese traditional culture.There is a general 8 (believe) that brush-pen making should be regarded as a technique 9 represents Chinese culture. People should get to know the meanings and thoughts behind these traditional 10 ( technique). 11 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Different countries have wildly different forms of greeting. In the USA, when you pass by someone you know, a nod is acceptable, and you usually shake hands with someone you first meet. But in Latin countries, a firm handshake 1 (consider) rude. In my home country, Mauritius, when people meet, they usually kiss each other 2 the cheeks. This is also common in France, 3 the act is called faire la bise. However, this is not 4 universal rule. During my first week in the USA, I kissed every single girl I met. My friends had to tell me that that was inappropriate, 5 (leave) me in great embarrassment. What is common here, however, is for friends 6 (hug) each other – something I was not used to. Hugs always make me 7 (frighten) because I don’t really like that. This may seem strange since even kissing 8 (stranger) is normal in my country. Now that I think about it, I hate cheek-kissing as well. Wouldn’t it be 9 (enjoy) to have a greeting code that is 10 (wide) acceptable? I’m not saying we should start doing that, but we can surely do something to avoid misunderstanding. 12 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Language is sometimes written as a code so that people can communicate secrets. During 1 Second World War, the German Navy （海军）used a code to send messages. The British broke the code and 2 （learn） about many German plans. The Japanese also used a code to talk to 3 （they） ships at sea. It was called the Purple Code. Although the Americans soon broke this code, the Japanese didn’t know it 4 （break）. In 1942 , the Americans began to use their own code to send 5 （secret）. A few Navajo（纳瓦在人）Indians made this code 6 （base） on their language, which only some American Indians spoke. The code described a few things the American army did. Only they could understand this code, so they went with the army as it fought against the Japanese. These Navajo soldiers promised 7 （keep） this code a secret, even though this could cause their 8 （die）. The Japanese never broke the code because they knew nothing 9 the Navajo language. And the code, 10 connected two languages, helped win the war in the Pacific. 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$