专题16 Unit 8 Let's Communicate! Section B【七升八】2025年新八年级英语暑期衔接讲义（人教版2024）

专题16 Unit 8 Let's Communicate! Section B 单词学习 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/ adj. 担忧的；焦虑的；胆怯的 2.stranger /ˈstreɪndʒə(r)/ n.陌生人 3.tip /tɪp/ n., v. 指点；实用的提示；尖端；（使）倾斜；倒出；给小费 4.carefully/ˈkeəfəli/ adv. 认真地；仔细地；小心地 5.show interest in sth/ʃəʊ ˈɪntrəst ɪn sth/ 对…… 表现出兴趣 6.listener /ˈlɪsənə(r)/n.听者 7.point/pɔɪnt/n., v. 观点；重点；指向；瞄准 8.surely/ˈʃʊəli/ adv. 想必；必定 9.continue/kənˈtɪnjuː/v. 持续；继续做 10.impolite/ˌɪmpəˈlaɪt/adj.不礼貌的；粗鲁的 11.personal/ˈpɜːsənl/adj. 个人的；私人的 12.argue with sb/ˈɑːɡjuː wɪð sb/与某人争论 13.move on (to sth) /muːv ɒn tuː sth/换话题；开始做（别的事） 14.sincere/sɪnˈsɪə(r)/adj. 真诚的；诚实的 15.find out/faɪnd aʊt/查明；弄清（情况） 16.pay/peɪ/v., n.付费；交纳；偿还；工资；薪水 17.attention/əˈtenʃn/n.注意；专心；关注 18.pay attention (to ...)/peɪ əˈtenʃn tuː .../注意；关注 19.be yourself /biː jɔːˈself/行为自然；不做作 20.offer/ˈɒfə(r)/v., n.提供；主动提出；主动提议；出价 21.reasonable /ˈriːznəbl/ adj. 公平的；合理的 22.social /ˈsəʊʃl/adj., n. 社会的；社交的；联谊会；联欢会 23.medium/ˈmiːdiəm/n. (pl. media /ˈmiːdiə/) 媒介；手段 24.social media/ˈsəʊʃl ˈmiːdiə/社交媒体 25.trust/trʌst/n., v. 信任；相信 26.keep (...) away from .../kiːp (...) əˈweɪ frəm .../ （使）远离；避免…… 靠近 27.misunderstanding/ˌmɪsʌndəˈstændɪŋ/ n.误解；误会 28.event/ɪˈvent/n.公开活动；重要事情 29.take place/teɪk pleɪs/发生；进行 30.cost/kɒst/n., v. 费用；价钱；代价；价格为；使损失；使付出努力 31.opportunity /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ n.机会；时机 课文解析 Section B 1b How to Make a Better Conversation Do you get nervous when you talk to someone? Do you find it hard to have a conversation with a stranger? If you have such worries, it is time for you to learn some more conversation skills. Here are some tips for making better conversations. 1. Listen carefully and show interest in others. One of the most important things is to listen to the person you speak to. If you are a good listener, you will find some good points to ask questions about. For example, if someone tells you their hobby, you can ask questions about it. They will surely be happy to continue the conversation. 2. Choose the right topic. Some of the best topics might be the weather, sports, music, films, food, or travel. However, it is impolite to ask someone's age, weight, or other personal information. Also, if you don't agree with others, don't argue with them. Just move on to another topic. 3. Be honest and sincere. If you have no idea of a subject, just say “ I don’t know much about it.” If you want to make the other person happy, mention his or her strong points. But don't just pretend to be hide, because people can find out you are not telling the truth. 4. Pay attention to your body language. Sometimes it is as important as your words. Don't be nervous. Stand up straight, smile, and be yourself—you have a lot to offer. If you really work at it, you will find having conversations much easier. 如何进行更好的对话 当你和别人交谈时，你会感到紧张吗？你是否觉得很难和陌生人交谈？如果你有这些担心，那么是时候学习一些更多的交谈技巧了。这里有一些技巧可以帮助你更好地交谈。 仔细倾听并表现出对他人的兴趣。最重要的一点是倾听你交谈的人。如果你是一个善于倾听的人，你会发现一些值得提问的好话题。例如，如果有人告诉你他们的爱好，你可以就此提出问题。他们一定会乐于继续对话。 选择合适的主题。一些最好的主题可能是天气、体育、音乐、电影、食物或旅行。但是，询问别人的年龄、体重或其他个人信息是不礼貌的。另外，如果你不同意别人的意见，不要与他们争论。只是转到另一个话题。 诚恳而真诚。如果你对某个话题一无所知，就直接说“我对这个不太了解”。如果你想让对方高兴，就提一下他的优点。但不要假装隐藏，因为人们会发现你没有说实话。 注意你的肢体语言，有时它和你的话语一样重要。不要紧张，站直，微笑，做你自己，你有很多可以奉献的。 如果你真的努力去做，你会发现对话更容易。 Reading Plus How to Stay Safe Online No matter whether you like it or not, social media is becoming a big part of many teenagers' lives. The internet is popular among youth people in China.According to a survey by the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League, over 90 per cent of all Chinese minors use the internet and 50 per cent of these young people have made new friends online. Social media allows people to connect with friends, share experiences, and stay on trend. However, the internet also has risks. It is important to stay safe while having fun online. Here are some simple tips. First, if you have accounts on different apps, make sure you use strong passwords. Avoid using easy-to-guess information, like your birthday or your pet's name. Second, be careful when you talk to strangers online Not every person online is friendly or telling the truth about themselves. Don't share personal details, like your address, school name, or phone number. Third, if you want to post anything online, think it over. Once it is out there, it is hard to know who sees it. Don't talk about things you may regret. Lastly, keep your social media profiles private so only real friends can see your posts and information. Remember, by following these tips, you can stay safe on social media and the internet. Your parents and teachers want the best for you. Be aware of the risks and protect yourself. 如何在网上保持安全 无论你喜不喜欢，社交媒体正逐渐成为许多青少年生活的重要组成部分。互联网在中国年轻人中非常流行。根据共青团中央的一项调查，超过90%的中国未成年人使用互联网，其中50%的年轻人通过网络结交了新朋友。 社交媒体让人们可以与朋友联系、分享经历、保持时尚。然而，互联网也有风险。在网上玩得开心的同时，保持安全是很重要的。以下是一些简单的建议。 首先，如果你在不同的应用上都有账号，确保你使用强密码。避免使用容易猜到的信息，比如你的生日或宠物的名字。 其次，与陌生人在线聊天时要小心。不是每个人都是友好的，也不是每个人都在如实讲述自己的情况。不要分享个人细节，比如你的地址、学校名称或电话号码。 第三，如果你想在网上发布任何东西，要三思而后行。一旦它被发布出去，就很难知道谁看到了。不要谈论你可能会后悔的事情。 最后，保持你的社交媒体资料的隐私，这样只有真正的朋友才能看到你的帖子和信息。 记住，遵循这些建议，你可以在社交媒体和互联网上保持安全。你的父母和老师希望你得到最好的。注意风险并保护自己。 知识解析 1 nervous /'nɜːvəs/ adj. 担忧的；焦虑的；胆怯的（教材P76） 归纳拓展 nervous adj. 担忧的；焦虑的；胆怯的，在句子中通常作表语。常用搭配： get nervous 变得紧张不安 feel nervous about 对……感到紧张 She was always nervous because of problems at work. 由于工作问题，她总是处于焦虑之中。 She got very nervous when she saw the new teacher.当她看到新老师时，她变得非常紧张。 She felt nervous about her first job interview.她对第一次工作面试感到紧张。 1.—To tell the truth, I am now feeling very _______. —Take it easy. You’ll make it. A. peaceful B. nervous C. confident D. polite 2.他对这次考试感到紧张。 He __________ __________ __________ the exam. 2 carefully /‘keəfəli/ adv. 认真地；仔细地；小心地 (教材P76) 归纳拓展 carefully adv. 认真地；仔细地；小心地，修饰动词，表示动作的过程或方式。 careful adj. 小心的；认真的 care v. 关心；在意。 care about 关心；在意 care for 照料，相当于look after。 The boy writes his homework very carefully.这个男孩作业写得很认真。 Please read the instructions carefully before using the new computer. 使用这台新电脑以前请仔细阅读说明书 You must be careful when you walk across the road.过马路时你一定要小心。 She moved back home to care for her elderly parents.她搬回家来照料年迈的双亲。 The boss really cares about his workers.这个老板非常关心自己的工人。 1.I’ll look over my emails more _________ (careful) before I click “Send” next time. 2.Be __________（小心的）when using electricity. 3.父母应当关心和照顾自己的子女。 Parents should ________ _________ and _________ _______________ their children. 3 point /pɔɪnt/ n. 观点；重点 v. 指向；瞄准（教材P76） 归纳拓展 point 是一个多义词，既可以作为名词使用，也可以作为动词使用。作名词时意为“观点；重点”，作动词时意为“指向；瞄准”。 常用短语：（1）point at 指着（比较近的人或物） （2）point to 指着（比较远的人或物） （3）point out 指出（问题、错误等） （4）point sth. at sth. 用某物指向某物 I agree with your point. 我同意你的观点。 The point is that you shouldn’t wait so long to see a doctor. 重点是你不应当等那么长时间才去看医生。 The teacher pointed at the PPT and began his class.老师指着幻灯片开始上课。 I have ever worked there.” He pointed to the mountain and told us. “我曾经在那里工作过。”他指着大山告诉我们。 He pointed out some mistakes in my homework.他指出了我作业中的一些错误。 Tom pointed a pen at her head yesterday, so she wasvery angry. 昨天汤姆用钢笔指着她的脑袋，因此她非常生气。 1.Please show us the _________（重点）of your article. 2.上周他在信中指出我们应当经常相互交流。 Last week he ___________ ___________ in the letter that we should communicate with each other often. 4 surely /'ʃʊəli/ adv. 想必；必定（教材P76） 归纳拓展 surely 意为“想必；必定；当然”，是一个表示肯定和确信的副词，常用于强调事情的真实性或预期结果的确定性。具体用法有： (1) 在肯定句中表示对某件事情的确定性和信心。 (2) 在否定句中表示难以置信。 surely 的形容词形式是sure，意为“确信；有把握”。 She is surely the most popular teacher in our school. 她当然是我们学校最受欢迎的老师。 I think he will surely succeed. 我认为他肯定会成功。 I’m sure he will come soon. 我确定他很快就会来。 —Can I borrow your pencil? Mine is broken.我可以借用你的铅笔吗? 我的坏了。 —Sure. 当然可以。 1.Slowly but __________（必定） we’re making progress. Every small step forward brings us closer to our dream. 2.Surely you can solve the problem by yourself.（翻译成汉语） ___________________________ 5 continue /kən'tɪnjuː/ v. 持续；继续做（教材P76） 归纳拓展 continue v. 持续；继续做，表示某个动作或状态的持续性。可以用作及物动词或不及物动词，后面可以接名词、动名词或不定式作宾语。 continue to do sth. 继续做某事 continue doing sth. 继续做某事 continue with sth. 继续某事，表示继续进行某个方案、计划等。 Let’s continue our games. 我们继续玩游戏吧。 After finishing homework, he continued to read books.做完作业后他继续读书。 After dinner, she continued doing her homework.晚饭后，她继续做作业。 Let’s continue with our plan. 我们继续我们的计划吧。 1.The story encourages us to __________（继续）our dreams, no matter how hard they seem. 2.这就是为什么它们可以在没有食物的情况下继续存活数周。 That’s why they can __________ __________ live for weeks without food. 6 impolite /ɪmpə'laɪt/ adj. 不礼貌的；粗鲁的（教材P76） 归纳拓展 impolite 是形容词，意为“不礼貌的；粗鲁的”，常用句型“It’s impolite of sb. to do sth.”，意为“某人做某事是不礼貌的。” 反义词：polite adj. 有礼貌的 im- 是英语构词法中一个常用的否定前缀，表示“非；不”， 可以加在形容词前面构成原词的反义词。如： perfect（完美的）→ imperfect（不完美的） patient（耐心的）→ impatient（没有耐心的） It’s impolite to shout at others.对着别人大喊大叫是不礼貌的。 Some people think it is impolite to ask their age.有些人认为询问他们的年龄是不礼貌的。 It’s impossible to finish the work in an hour.一个小时内完成这项工作是不可能的。 1.It’s ___________ (polite) to talk loudly in public places. 2.The bad weather made it ___________ (possible) for us to go out. 3.和你老师在课堂上争吵是不礼貌的。 ___________ ___________ ___________ argue with your teacher in class. 7 personal /'pɜːsənl/ adj. 个人的；私人的（教材P76） 归纳拓展 personal 是形容词，意为“个人的；私人的；亲自的”，在句中一般放在名词前作定语。 personal opinion 个人意见/ 观点 personal information 私人信息 person，意为“人” This is only my personal opinion. Don’t mind.这只是我的个人意见，不要介意。 This is her personal information. Please keep it secret.这是她的私人信息，请保密。 He received his father’s personal letter last week.上周他收到了父亲的亲笔信。 We believe that every person has the ability to learn.我们相信每个人都有学习的能力。 以我个人观点，这本书不值得一读。 In my _________ _________, the book is not worth reading. 8 pay /peɪ/ v. 付费；交纳；偿还 n. 工资；薪水（教材P76） 归纳拓展 pay v. 付费；交纳；偿还，既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。基本用法： （1）pay sb. money for sth. 为某物付钱给某人 （2）pay for sth. 付某物的钱 （3）pay off 还清钱 （4）pay back 还钱 pay 还可以作名词，意为“工资；薪水”，常用作不可数名词。 辨析: pay, take, cost 与spend pay 表示某人支付了多少钱，主语通常是人。常使用pay for 结构。 take 表示某事花费了某人多少时间，主语通常是物或事，常用it 作形式主语。句型是：It takes + 人 +一段时间+ 动词不定式. cost 可以作名词，意为“费用；价钱；代价”；也可以作动词，意为“价格为；使损失”。主语通常是表物的名词或代词。句型是：Sth. costs + 人+ 钱数. spend 表示某人花费时间或金钱做某事，主语通常是人。句型是：主语（人）+ spend + 时间或钱数+ (in)doing / on + 物/ 事. 一语辨异 He spent the last weekend with his family. It took him the whole afternoon to read a book. He paid ten yuan for the book. The book cost him ten yuan. 上个周末他和家人度过。他花了整个下午读一本书。他花十元钱买了那本书，那本书花费了他十元钱。 I paid 10 dollars. 我支付了10 美元。 Have you paid the water bill yet? 你已经交水费了吗? How much did you pay for your new car? 你的新车花了多少钱? She finally paid off all her student loans after years of hard work. 经过多年的辛勤工作，她终于还清了学生贷款。 You must pay me back next week. 下周你必须还我钱。 The work is a little hard, but the pay is not bad.工作是有点辛苦，可是薪水不错。 1.—How do you usually go to Wuhan from here? —By high-speed train. It ______ me only 20 minutes to get there. A. spends B. pays C. costs D. takes 2.这辆自行车花了我360 元。（翻译句子） ________________________________________________________________________________________ 9 offer /'ɒfə(r)/ v. 提供；主动提出 n. 主动提议；出价(教材P76) 归纳拓展 offer 作动词的用法： （1）提供或供应，表示主动提供某物或某种服务。 （2）主动提出，表示自愿做某事。 （3）出价，表示在商业交易中出价购买某物。 作动词的常见用法： offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 offer + 钱数 + for sth. 以某个价格买某东西 归纳拓展 作名词的用法： （1）主动提议，表示一个具体的提议或建议，在特定上下文中，如职场环境中，它有时可以翻译成“录用通知书”。 （2）出价，表示在商业或交易中的报价，常使用动词短语make an offer，意为“报价”。 He offered me a cup of tea. 他给我提供了一杯茶。 She offered to help me with my homework.她主动提出帮助我做作业。 He offered 50 dollars for the bike. 他出价50 美元买这辆自行车。 She received an offer from a famous school.她收到了一所著名学校的通知书。 They made an offer for the contract. 他们提出了合同报价。 1.The young man ________ （主动提供）her a seat when she came in. 2.上个星期天他主动提出开车送我们去机场。 He ________ ________ drive us to the airport last Sunday. 10 reasonable /'riːznəbl/ adj. 公平的；合理的（教材P77） 归纳拓展 reasonable 是形容词，是由词根reason（理由；理性）加形容词后缀-able（能够……的）构成的，意为“合理的；公平的”。 -able 是英语构词法中一个常用的后缀，表示“能……的， 会……的，可以……的”，可以附加在动词或名词后面，构成表示能力的形容词，有时词根要作适当变化。如： value（价值）→ valuable（有价值的） enjoy（享受）→ enjoyable（令人愉快的） Your offer is reasonable. I will sell it to you.你的报价是合理的，我把它卖给你了。 We sell good quality food at reasonable prices.我们以合理的价格出售优质食品。 1.People are also happy when they give ___________ (合理的) amounts (数量) of money to charities. 2.这座房子很有价值，并且价格也合理。 The house is very __________ and the price is very ____________. 11 medium /'miːdiəm/ n. 媒介；手段 （教材P78） 归纳拓展 medium n. 媒介；手段。常见搭配： the social medium 社交媒体 the medium of communication 交流媒介 medium 还可作形容词，意为“中等的；中号的”。 of medium height 中等身高 You can solve the problem by social media.你可以通过社交媒体来解决这个问题。 There are three sizes for you to choose, small, medium and large. 有三种尺寸供你选择，小号、中号和大号。 1.Different ______________ (medium) have different effects on the growth of bacteria. 学会运用29: 互联网已成为信息传播的重要媒介。 2.The Internet has become __________ __________ __________ for the dissemination of information. 12 trust /trʌst/ n. & v. 信任；相信 （教材P78） 归纳拓展 trust 作名词，意为“信任；相信”。have trust in + sb./sth. 信任某人或某物 trust 还可以作动词，意为“相信；信任”。常用搭配： （1）trust + sb./sth. 相信某人或某物 （2）trust sb. to do sth. 相信某人做某事 （3）trust + that 从句 相信…… Trust me. 相信我。（口语常用） She has complete trust in her doctor. 她完全相信她的医生。 We can’t trust this kind of information. 我们不能相信这种信息。 I trust my best friend completely. 我完全信任我最好的朋友。 I trust you to finish your homework on time.我相信你能按时完成作业。 I trust that he will come to your party. 我相信他会来你的派对。 Trust me. This is the best plan. 相信我，这是最好的计划了。 1.我们相信政府会很快解决这些问题。 We __________ the government __________ solve the problems soon. 2.你应当信任你的团队成员。 You should __________ __________ __________your team members. 13 benefit /'benɪfɪt/ v. 对……有用；使受益；n. 益处；成效(教材P79) 归纳拓展 benefit 可以用作及物动词，后面接名词或代词作宾语，意为“对（某人）有用；使受益”，也可以用作不及物动词，意为“得益于；得利于”。常用短语： benefit from ... 从……中获益 benefit 作名词，意为“益处；成效”，指某事带来的积极效果或优势。常用短语：（1）health benefits 健康益处（2）be of benefit to... 对……有利 beneficial adj. 有益的；有利的 The new law will benefit thousands of workers.新法律将使成千上万的工人受益。 Many students benefit from online lessons. 许多学生从网课中受益。 Regular exercise has many health benefits.定期锻炼有很多健康益处。 Learning a second language is of great benefit to children. 学习第二语言对孩子非常有利。 1.James, a 15-year-old student, thinks that social media has many __________（益处）. 2.Musicians, sports players and public speakers can all __________ __________ （从……中获益）it. 3.做早操将会对你的健康有利 Doing morning exercises will _________ __________ __________ __________ your health. 14 reply /rɪ'plaɪ/ n. & v. 回答；回复（教材P79） 归纳拓展 reply 作名词时，意为“回答；答复”，是可数名词。 reply 作“回答”讲时，是不及物动词，常用reply to sb. / sth.，表示“对某人/ 某事做出回答”；作及物动词时，是“答道；回答说”的意思，后跟直接引语或宾语从句。 辨析: reply 与answer reply 表示对他人言行或请求的回应，不一定包含具体的信息。 answer 表示对具体问题的回答，通常包含具体的答案或解释。 He gave a quick reply to my question.他对我的问题给出了快速的回答。 I replied to his email yesterday evening.昨天晚上我回复了他的电子邮件。 She replied that she would be late for a while.她答复说可能要晚一会儿。 The question is difficult to answer. 这个问题很难回答。 1.I received a few ___________ (reply) to my email. 2.请尽快回复我的电子邮件。 Please _________ _________ my email as soon as possible. 3.昨天他回复说下周他要去中国的南方。 He _________ _________ he would go to the south of China the next week. 15 honour /'ɒnə(r)/（= honor）n. 荣幸；尊敬v. 给……荣誉；表彰（教材P79） 归纳拓展 honour 作名词，意为“荣幸；尊敬”；作动词，意为“给……荣誉；表彰”。常用短语： in honour of 为了纪念…… It’s my honour to meet you. 能够和您相遇是我的荣幸。 We should show honour to our teachers.我们应当向老师们展示我们的敬意。 It’s said that Duanwu Festival is in honour of Qu Yuan.据说端午节是为了纪念屈原。 We should honour our parents. 我们应当尊敬我们的父母。 1.Chinese archaeologist (考古学家) Fan Jinshi was h for her sixty years’ work to protect the Dunhuang Mogao Caves. 2.为了纪念那位战士，他们修建了这座塔。 They built this tower _______ ____________ _______ the soldier. 16 sentence /'sentəns/ n. 句子；判决 v. 判决；宣判(教材P79) 归纳拓展 sentence 作名词意为“句子；判决”，是可数名词；作动词意为“宣判；判决”。常用短语： make a sentence with... 用……造句 sentence sb. to... 宣判某人某种刑罚 Can you make a sentence with this word?你能用这个词造句吗? The judge has the final say on the sentence.法官对判决有最终的决定权。 The judge sentenced him to ten years in prison.法官判他坐牢十年。 1.Please write these ____________（句子）on your exercise books three times. 2.If you break the law, the judge might __________（判决）you to a punishment. 3.请用“sunny”这个词造个句子。 Please ___________ ___________ ___________ with the word “sunny”. 17.show interest in sth. 对……表现出兴趣（教材P76） 归纳拓展 show interest in sth. 意为“对……表现出兴趣”，也可以使用动词have 代替show，in 后面接名词或动名词。 be interested in ... 对……感兴趣 The boy showed/had interest in science.这个男孩对科学感兴趣。 Many boys show great interest in basketball.许多男孩对篮球很感兴趣。 She showed interest in playing the piano when she was five years old. 她五岁的时候对弹钢琴产生了兴趣。 The little boy is interested in cartoons.那个小男孩对卡通片感兴趣。 1.She always shows _______ in new technologies. A. interest B. happiness C. attention D. difficulties 2.和人们谈话时，对别人的话题表现出兴趣是有礼貌的。 It is polite to ________ ________ ________ other people’s topics when you talk to them. 18. find out 查明；弄清（情况）（教材P76） 归纳拓展 find out 查明；弄清（情况）。一般用作及物动词词组。 辨析: find out 与find Find out 查明，查出。指通过调查或询问来弄清楚某件事情的真相或细节。后面一般接抽象名词，与discover 是近义词。 find 找到，发现。通常指找到或发现具体的东西，也可以指偶然发现某物或某种情况。后面一般接具体看得见的物质名词。 The teacher tried to find out who broke the windows. 老师尽力查明谁打碎了窗户。 Who can help us to find out the truth? 谁能帮我们查明真相? The police tried to find the lost boy.警察尽力找到那个丢失的男孩。 19.pay attention (to...) 注意；关注（教材P76） 归纳拓展 pay attention (to...)“注意；关注”，to 后面接名词、代词、动名词或句子作宾语。特别注意该短语中的to 是介词，后面不能使用动词原形。 类似用法是look forward to，意为“期待；盼望”。 I wish you could learn to pay attention.我希望你能学会集中注意力。 Please pay attention to your actions. 请注意你的行为。 I didn’t pay attention to what she was saying.我没有注意她在说什么。 We should pay attention to washing hands often to keep healthy. 为了保持健康，我们应当注意经常洗手。 1.To keep healthy, we should pay attention to ____________ (avoid) staying up late. 2.每个人都应该注意家里的消防安全 Everyone should _________ _________ _________ fire safety at home. 20.keep (...) away from... （使）远离；避免……靠近（教材P78） 归纳拓展 keep... away from... 意为“（使）远离，避免……靠近”，防止其接近或影响到。常用于表示因某种危险或不良状态，而要求保持距离。它的同义短语是stay away from。 Parents should keep their children away from fire.父母应当让孩子远离火。 Children should stay away from strangers.孩子们应当远离陌生人。 1.When you walk in a forest, you must _______ wild animals. A. come from B. hear from C. keep away from D. learn from 2.医生告诉我要远离高脂肪食物。 The doctor told me to ___________ _________ _________ high-fat food. 21.take place 发生；进行（教材P79） 辨析: take place 与happen Take place 不及物动词短语，常单独使用，后面不能接宾语。 常用于描述按计划或安排好的事情。 happen 不及物动词，后面不接宾语。通常用于描述偶然或突发性事件，强调事件的不可预测性或意外性。 She wanted the meeting to take place quickly.她想要会议马上举行。 The party will take place in the park. 派对将在公园里举行。 The situation took place because of poor communication.这种情况是由于沟通不畅而发生的。 The accident happened on Sunday night.事故发生在星期天晚上。 1.The concert will ________ on New Year’s Eve. A. take up B. take down C. take off D. take place 2.第一次庆祝活动在去年十月七日进行。 The first celebration ___________ ____________on October 7 last year. 22.Do you find it hard to have a conversation with a stranger? 你觉得与陌生人交谈很难吗? （教材P76） (分析结构) 这是一个简单句，句子类型是一般疑问句。Do 是助动词，构成一般疑问句，you 是主语，find 是谓语动词，it 是形式宾语，指代真正的宾语to have a conversation with a stranger，句中的hard 是形容词，作宾语补足语。 归纳拓展 句子结构：“主语 + 谓语动词 + 形式宾语it + 形容词 + 动词不定式（真正宾语）”可以是陈述句，也可以是一般疑问句。谓语动词常使用find（发现），think（认为），feel（感觉），consider（认为；考虑）等。 I find it difficult to communicate with him.我发现和他交流很困难。 Do you think it useful to learn a foreign language?你认为学习一门外语有用吗? 1.—Do you think _______ useful to read English magazines for English learning? —Yes, I think it works well. A. it B. that C. this D. its 2.My mother thinks it important to have breakfast on time.（翻译成汉语） ________________________________________________ 23. If you have such worries, it is time for you to learn some more conversation skills. 如果你有这样的担忧，是时候学习更多的谈话技巧了。（教材P76） (分析结构) 这是一个含有条件状语从句的主从复合句，主句是it is time for you to learn some more conversation skills，从句是If you have such worries。主句中的it 是主语，for 是介词，引出说话的对象，you 作介词for 的宾语。If 是条件状语从句的引导词，意为“如果；假设”。第一个you 是从句主语，have 是从句谓语，宾语是such worries。 归纳拓展 “It’s time （for sb.) + 动词不定式.”是一种常用句式结构，意为“（某人）该做某事了。”；也可以直接使用“It’s time for + 名词.”。 It’s time to have lunch. 该吃午饭了。 It’s time for children to go to bed. 孩子们该睡觉了。 It’s time for the Chinese class. 该上语文课了。 1.It’s time for governments _________ action against climate change. A. to take B. take C. takes D. taking 2.It’s time to have an English class.（同义句转换） __________________________________________ 3.到我们做运动的时候了。（翻译句子） __________________________________________ 随堂训练 一．词汇 1. Will you please continue _______________(do) the work in the garden after dinner? 2. Many people _______________(point) to the direction of the shining star in the sky just now. 3. The ticket _______________ 50, so I have to _______________ 100 for two tickets, but I don’t mind because I like _______________ time enjoying live music. (花费 ) 4. Jenny heard a _______________ noise, and when she looked out, she saw a _______________ walking past. (strange) 5. She takes great _______________ of her pet rabbit and is always _______________ to feed it _______________ every morning. (care) 6.To communicate better, showing interest in what others are saying and 1. _______________(关注 ) their feelings are important. If you disagree, don’t argue 2. _______________ them right away; instead, try to understand them. Be 3. _______________(you) and stay honest. 二．翻译 1.如何更好地进行对话。 _______________________________________________ 2.重要的事情之一就是倾听与你交谈的人。 ________________________________________________you speak to. 3.如果你不知道该对她说什么，我认为最好的办法就是说实话。 _________________________________________________________ 三、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. It’s _______ (polite) to interrupt someone when they are speaking. 2. Never give out your ________ (person) information to ________ (strange). 3.If he _______ (reply) to us before tomorrow, we can make a better plan for the next step. 4. All her friends think she is a good _______ (listen) because she always listens to them _______ (careful). 5. The teacher _______ to some main _______ on the blackboard to make everyone understand the story. (point) 四、从方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空 sure    understand    reason    sincere    trust 1. My brother will _______ be happy if he receives the toy. 2. Don’t forget to praise the kids _______ when they do something good. 3. You’d better _______ yourself. Remember you can do almost everything if you try. 4. The lack of communication caused many _________________ . 5. Though you have your __________ excuse, you shouldn’t make others wait for so long. 五、根据语境，用适当的虚词盲填 1. We should always keep ourselves away _______ danger. 2. Let’s not argue _______ him. After all, he is our classmate. 3. I think friendship is a hidden treasure. We’ll benefit _______ it. 4. Now more and more people show interest _______ AI technology. 5. Now, I would like to move on _______ the next plan. 六、根据汉语提示补全句子或翻译句子 1. 青少年在公众场合应该注意自己的行为。 Teenagers should _______ _______ _______ their behavior in public places. 2. 做你自己，不要在乎其他人是怎么看你的。 _______ _______ and don’t care about what others think of you. 3. 为了查明真相，他继续在网上寻找相关的信息。 To _______ _______ the truth, he _______ _______ _______ related information online. 4. 第九届亚洲冬季运动会在哈尔滨举行。许多人主动提出成为志愿者。 The 9th Asian Winter Games _______ _______ in Harbin. Many people _______ _______ _______ _________ . 5. 我很荣幸向大家做自我介绍。 (It’s a/one’s great honour...) ____________________________________________ 七、短文填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Jim and Cathy come from a typical American family. As 1. _______ elder brother, Jim often offers 2. _______ (help) Cathy work out problems. Jim plays football with great skills. But there is a cloud hanging over Jim’s 3. ____________ (develop). His mother often compares him 4. _______ other children. She always wants him to compete with others and win. This causes much pressure for Jim. It also pushes Jim into a crazy 5. _______ nervous place. Jim often argues with his mother and the 6. __________ (relation) between them is difficult. Jim doesn’t want to continue 7. _________ (practice) football anymore. I guess Jim wants to cut out all the matches. In my opinion, everyone has his own world to look through. It’s wrong to push Jim so hard. Perhaps they should deal with this problem. They should find a chance 8. ________ (explain) to each other as quickly as possible. Firstly, as 9. ________ (member) of a family, they should often communicate to get on well with each other. It’s clear that parents can’t give children too much pressure. Instead, they should allow their children to do whatever they like. Secondly, parents should have proper 10. ______________ (communicate) with their children. 写作学习 良好的沟通在我们的生活中起着非常重要的作用。某英文网站正在开展以“沟通”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请写一篇80词左右的英语短文投稿，描述一次你与他人通过沟通解决问题的经历，并谈谈你的收获。 ［审题指导］ 1.体裁: 记叙文 2. 人称: 以第一人称和第三人称为主 3. 时态: 以一般过去时为主 ［谋篇布局］理清文章要素，构建文章结构。 ［遣词造句］就结构图中的要点完成句子。 1.我打了视频电话而不是发信息，因为我想亲眼看看我的表弟。 I made a video call __________ sending messages because I wanted to see my cousin in person. 2.通过这次视频通话，我得以和我的表弟进行了一次面对面的交谈。 From the video call, I could ________________________ my cousin. 3.他真的对学习英语毫无头绪。 He really __________________ learning English. 4.多亏了这次视频通话，我能够看到他的面部表情，并且判断他说的话是真是假。 __________________ the video call, I could see his facial expressions and tell whether his words were true or not. ［必背范文］ Good communication plays an important role in life. Last year, my cousin didn’t pass the final exam. So I decided to have a talk with him. I made a video call instead of sending messages because I wanted to see my cousin in person. From the video call, I could have a face-to-face talk with my cousin and learned that he had difficulty in learning English. He really had no idea of learning English. Thanks to the video call, I could see his facial expressions and tell whether his words were true or not. Also, thanks to this communication, I could understand my cousin better and offer him more advice. From this experience, I learn that modern technology makes communication convenient and brings people closer. 一 假设你是李华，你的朋友刘明在学习、生活等方面遇到了一些问题和困难，所以他经常感到焦虑和郁闷。请你根据以下内容用英语给他发一封电子邮件，帮助他克服焦虑情绪，并能够使他轻松、快乐地学习和生活。内容包括： 1.每个人都会有感到苦恼、焦虑的时候；2.一定要告诉他人你的烦恼；3.遇到困难时，多与同学交流或和老师、家长及时沟通；4.就如何轻松、快乐地学习和生活等适当发挥。 注意: 词数80左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Liu Ming, Everyone may feel worried or sad sometimes. ______________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 二 假如你是学校的老师Sally，你收到一封Tom的来信。在信中Tom告诉了你他在生活和学习中遇到的困难。请你写一封回信，针对Tom的问题给出你的建议。 汤姆的问题 你的建议 朋友少且孤独 变得开朗，对人友好 英语成绩不理想 多和老师讨论英语问题 和父母的意见不一致 常与父母分享问题和焦虑，多理解父母 要求： 1. 请注意回信的格式，请写出合理的开头和结尾。 2. 短文中必须包含以上所有信息。 3. 注意文章的结构完整，表达准确，过渡自然，书写整洁。 4. 词数：80左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 综合训练 一、完形填空 It’s hard to forget the time when I stood in front of all my classmates and forgot my words while I was giving a speech. 1 that, I didn’t want to join in any class activities for a long time. 2 , things began to change one day. A week before my school’s English festival, my teacher asked me to make a speech in front of the 3 school. I didn’t want to, but my teacher 4 me to think about it carefully and gave me a piece of paper. It said, “The 5 step in success is the willingness (意愿) to try, and the key to it is to work hard.” I was encouraged by this and decided to have a try. I finished 6 the speech on paper in a day and practiced it during my lunch breaks. I also asked my teacher for suggestions. As a result, 7 speech was a success. Since then, I’ve become more active and 8 . I ask and answer questions in class more often and I take part in (参加) 9 different after-school activities. I have learned that the road to success is 10 and we need to have courage (勇气) and work hard. ( ) 1. A. Before B. After C. About D. Until ( ) 2. A. But B. However C. So D. Or ( ) 3. A. all B. each C. every D. whole ( ) 4. A. warned B. advised C. trained D. allowed ( ) 5. A. first B. second C. third D. last ( ) 6. A. making B. reporting C. writing D. having ( ) 7. A. my B. his C. her D. our ( ) 8. A. helpful B. responsible C. outgoing D. thankful ( ) 9. A. much B. many C. little D. few ( ) 10. A. boring B. different C. easy D. difficult 二、任务型阅读 Children and adults (成年人) don’t always agree with each other. They often have different ideas about living. But in a special group in London, children and adults live together in a friendly way. Each summer 200 children and 50 adults live together for eight weeks. Everyone works for a few hours each day. They do so not just to keep busy. They want to find enjoyment (快乐) in work. Some children work in the forests or on the farm near the village and some learn to make things like tables and chairs. Adults teach them to do these things. There are a few free hours each day. Weekends are free, too. When they aren’t busy, some of the children learn to take photos or draw and some sit around to talk or sing. All children choose their own ways to spend their free time. When people live together, they should have rules. In the group children and adults make the rules together. If someone breaks a rule, the group will talk about it. One of the children says, “We have to stop thinking only about ourselves. We I need to learn how to think about others.” 阅读短文，回答问题。 1. Where are children and adults in the special group from? _____________________________________________ 2. How many people in the special group live together each summer? _____________________________________________ 3. Why do children and adults work for some time every day? _____________________________________________ 4. Are there any rules in the special group? _____________________________________________ 5. What does the writer want to tell us? _____________________________________________ 三.短文填空 　　从方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式完成短文。 afraid, upset, until, careless, it, angry, maybe, watch, decide, advise 　　Last weekend, my friend Jack came to my house when my parents were out. We 　1　a game show on TV first. At about three o’clock, we started to play with a ball in the living room. I was so　2　that the ball hit the photo of my family. It fell down from the wall and broke. I was　3　. So Jack and I went out. I didn’t go home　4　my parents came back. When they asked me what had happened, I answered, “I don’t know. 　5　it fell off by itself.” They seemed to believe me, but I felt very 　6　. The next day, I talked to Jack. He said 　7　was wrong of me to say like that. He　8　me to tell my parents the truth. He even wanted to go with me. After thinking about it, I　9　to tell my parents. To my surprise, they didn’t get　10　at all. They also asked me to share my problems with them in the future.  $$ 专题16 Unit 8 Let's Communicate! Section B 单词学习 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/ adj. 担忧的；焦虑的；胆怯的 2.stranger /ˈstreɪndʒə(r)/ n.陌生人 3.tip /tɪp/ n., v. 指点；实用的提示；尖端；（使）倾斜；倒出；给小费 4.carefully/ˈkeəfəli/ adv. 认真地；仔细地；小心地 5.show interest in sth/ʃəʊ ˈɪntrəst ɪn sth/ 对…… 表现出兴趣 6.listener /ˈlɪsənə(r)/n.听者 7.point/pɔɪnt/n., v. 观点；重点；指向；瞄准 8.surely/ˈʃʊəli/ adv. 想必；必定 9.continue/kənˈtɪnjuː/v. 持续；继续做 10.impolite/ˌɪmpəˈlaɪt/adj.不礼貌的；粗鲁的 11.personal/ˈpɜːsənl/adj. 个人的；私人的 12.argue with sb/ˈɑːɡjuː wɪð sb/与某人争论 13.move on (to sth) /muːv ɒn tuː sth/换话题；开始做（别的事） 14.sincere/sɪnˈsɪə(r)/adj. 真诚的；诚实的 15.find out/faɪnd aʊt/查明；弄清（情况） 16.pay/peɪ/v., n.付费；交纳；偿还；工资；薪水 17.attention/əˈtenʃn/n.注意；专心；关注 18.pay attention (to ...)/peɪ əˈtenʃn tuː .../注意；关注 19.be yourself /biː jɔːˈself/行为自然；不做作 20.offer/ˈɒfə(r)/v., n.提供；主动提出；主动提议；出价 21.reasonable /ˈriːznəbl/ adj. 公平的；合理的 22.social /ˈsəʊʃl/adj., n. 社会的；社交的；联谊会；联欢会 23.medium/ˈmiːdiəm/n. (pl. media /ˈmiːdiə/) 媒介；手段 24.social media/ˈsəʊʃl ˈmiːdiə/社交媒体 25.trust/trʌst/n., v. 信任；相信 26.keep (...) away from .../kiːp (...) əˈweɪ frəm .../ （使）远离；避免…… 靠近 27.misunderstanding/ˌmɪsʌndəˈstændɪŋ/ n.误解；误会 28.event/ɪˈvent/n.公开活动；重要事情 29.take place/teɪk pleɪs/发生；进行 30.cost/kɒst/n., v. 费用；价钱；代价；价格为；使损失；使付出努力 31.opportunity /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ n.机会；时机 课文解析 Section B 1b How to Make a Better Conversation Do you get nervous when you talk to someone? Do you find it hard to have a conversation with a stranger? If you have such worries, it is time for you to learn some more conversation skills. Here are some tips for making better conversations. 1. Listen carefully and show interest in others. One of the most important things is to listen to the person you speak to. If you are a good listener, you will find some good points to ask questions about. For example, if someone tells you their hobby, you can ask questions about it. They will surely be happy to continue the conversation. 2. Choose the right topic. Some of the best topics might be the weather, sports, music, films, food, or travel. However, it is impolite to ask someone's age, weight, or other personal information. Also, if you don't agree with others, don't argue with them. Just move on to another topic. 3. Be honest and sincere. If you have no idea of a subject, just say “ I don’t know much about it.” If you want to make the other person happy, mention his or her strong points. But don't just pretend to be hide, because people can find out you are not telling the truth. 4. Pay attention to your body language. Sometimes it is as important as your words. Don't be nervous. Stand up straight, smile, and be yourself—you have a lot to offer. If you really work at it, you will find having conversations much easier. 如何进行更好的对话 当你和别人交谈时，你会感到紧张吗？你是否觉得很难和陌生人交谈？如果你有这些担心，那么是时候学习一些更多的交谈技巧了。这里有一些技巧可以帮助你更好地交谈。 仔细倾听并表现出对他人的兴趣。最重要的一点是倾听你交谈的人。如果你是一个善于倾听的人，你会发现一些值得提问的好话题。例如，如果有人告诉你他们的爱好，你可以就此提出问题。他们一定会乐于继续对话。 选择合适的主题。一些最好的主题可能是天气、体育、音乐、电影、食物或旅行。但是，询问别人的年龄、体重或其他个人信息是不礼貌的。另外，如果你不同意别人的意见，不要与他们争论。只是转到另一个话题。 诚恳而真诚。如果你对某个话题一无所知，就直接说“我对这个不太了解”。如果你想让对方高兴，就提一下他的优点。但不要假装隐藏，因为人们会发现你没有说实话。 注意你的肢体语言，有时它和你的话语一样重要。不要紧张，站直，微笑，做你自己，你有很多可以奉献的。 如果你真的努力去做，你会发现对话更容易。 Reading Plus How to Stay Safe Online No matter whether you like it or not, social media is becoming a big part of many teenagers' lives. The internet is popular among youth people in China.According to a survey by the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League, over 90 per cent of all Chinese minors use the internet and 50 per cent of these young people have made new friends online. Social media allows people to connect with friends, share experiences, and stay on trend. However, the internet also has risks. It is important to stay safe while having fun online. Here are some simple tips. First, if you have accounts on different apps, make sure you use strong passwords. Avoid using easy-to-guess information, like your birthday or your pet's name. Second, be careful when you talk to strangers online Not every person online is friendly or telling the truth about themselves. Don't share personal details, like your address, school name, or phone number. Third, if you want to post anything online, think it over. Once it is out there, it is hard to know who sees it. Don't talk about things you may regret. Lastly, keep your social media profiles private so only real friends can see your posts and information. Remember, by following these tips, you can stay safe on social media and the internet. Your parents and teachers want the best for you. Be aware of the risks and protect yourself. 如何在网上保持安全 无论你喜不喜欢，社交媒体正逐渐成为许多青少年生活的重要组成部分。互联网在中国年轻人中非常流行。根据共青团中央的一项调查，超过90%的中国未成年人使用互联网，其中50%的年轻人通过网络结交了新朋友。 社交媒体让人们可以与朋友联系、分享经历、保持时尚。然而，互联网也有风险。在网上玩得开心的同时，保持安全是很重要的。以下是一些简单的建议。 首先，如果你在不同的应用上都有账号，确保你使用强密码。避免使用容易猜到的信息，比如你的生日或宠物的名字。 其次，与陌生人在线聊天时要小心。不是每个人都是友好的，也不是每个人都在如实讲述自己的情况。不要分享个人细节，比如你的地址、学校名称或电话号码。 第三，如果你想在网上发布任何东西，要三思而后行。一旦它被发布出去，就很难知道谁看到了。不要谈论你可能会后悔的事情。 最后，保持你的社交媒体资料的隐私，这样只有真正的朋友才能看到你的帖子和信息。 记住，遵循这些建议，你可以在社交媒体和互联网上保持安全。你的父母和老师希望你得到最好的。注意风险并保护自己。 知识解析 1 nervous /'nɜːvəs/ adj. 担忧的；焦虑的；胆怯的（教材P76） 归纳拓展 nervous adj. 担忧的；焦虑的；胆怯的，在句子中通常作表语。常用搭配： get nervous 变得紧张不安 feel nervous about 对……感到紧张 She was always nervous because of problems at work. 由于工作问题，她总是处于焦虑之中。 She got very nervous when she saw the new teacher.当她看到新老师时，她变得非常紧张。 She felt nervous about her first job interview.她对第一次工作面试感到紧张。 1.—To tell the truth, I am now feeling very _______. —Take it easy. You’ll make it. A. peaceful B. nervous C. confident D. polite 2.他对这次考试感到紧张。 He __________ __________ __________ the exam. 1.B 2.felt nervous about 2 carefully /‘keəfəli/ adv. 认真地；仔细地；小心地 (教材P76) 归纳拓展 carefully adv. 认真地；仔细地；小心地，修饰动词，表示动作的过程或方式。 careful adj. 小心的；认真的 care v. 关心；在意。 care about 关心；在意 care for 照料，相当于look after。 The boy writes his homework very carefully.这个男孩作业写得很认真。 Please read the instructions carefully before using the new computer. 使用这台新电脑以前请仔细阅读说明书 You must be careful when you walk across the road.过马路时你一定要小心。 She moved back home to care for her elderly parents.她搬回家来照料年迈的双亲。 The boss really cares about his workers.这个老板非常关心自己的工人。 1.I’ll look over my emails more _________ (careful) before I click “Send” next time. 2.Be __________（小心的）when using electricity. 3.父母应当关心和照顾自己的子女。 Parents should ________ _________ and _________ _______________ their children. 1.carefully 2.careful 3.care about care for/look after 3 point /pɔɪnt/ n. 观点；重点 v. 指向；瞄准（教材P76） 归纳拓展 point 是一个多义词，既可以作为名词使用，也可以作为动词使用。作名词时意为“观点；重点”，作动词时意为“指向；瞄准”。 常用短语：（1）point at 指着（比较近的人或物） （2）point to 指着（比较远的人或物） （3）point out 指出（问题、错误等） （4）point sth. at sth. 用某物指向某物 I agree with your point. 我同意你的观点。 The point is that you shouldn’t wait so long to see a doctor. 重点是你不应当等那么长时间才去看医生。 The teacher pointed at the PPT and began his class.老师指着幻灯片开始上课。 I have ever worked there.” He pointed to the mountain and told us. “我曾经在那里工作过。”他指着大山告诉我们。 He pointed out some mistakes in my homework.他指出了我作业中的一些错误。 Tom pointed a pen at her head yesterday, so she wasvery angry. 昨天汤姆用钢笔指着她的脑袋，因此她非常生气。 1.Please show us the _________（重点）of your article. 2.上周他在信中指出我们应当经常相互交流。 Last week he ___________ ___________ in the letter that we should communicate with each other often. 1.point 2.pointed out 4 surely /'ʃʊəli/ adv. 想必；必定（教材P76） 归纳拓展 surely 意为“想必；必定；当然”，是一个表示肯定和确信的副词，常用于强调事情的真实性或预期结果的确定性。具体用法有： (1) 在肯定句中表示对某件事情的确定性和信心。 (2) 在否定句中表示难以置信。 surely 的形容词形式是sure，意为“确信；有把握”。 She is surely the most popular teacher in our school. 她当然是我们学校最受欢迎的老师。 I think he will surely succeed. 我认为他肯定会成功。 I’m sure he will come soon. 我确定他很快就会来。 —Can I borrow your pencil? Mine is broken.我可以借用你的铅笔吗? 我的坏了。 —Sure. 当然可以。 1.Slowly but __________（必定） we’re making progress. Every small step forward brings us closer to our dream. 2.Surely you can solve the problem by yourself.（翻译成汉语） ___________________________ 1.surely 2.想必你能独自解决这个问题。 5 continue /kən'tɪnjuː/ v. 持续；继续做（教材P76） 归纳拓展 continue v. 持续；继续做，表示某个动作或状态的持续性。可以用作及物动词或不及物动词，后面可以接名词、动名词或不定式作宾语。 continue to do sth. 继续做某事 continue doing sth. 继续做某事 continue with sth. 继续某事，表示继续进行某个方案、计划等。 Let’s continue our games. 我们继续玩游戏吧。 After finishing homework, he continued to read books.做完作业后他继续读书。 After dinner, she continued doing her homework.晚饭后，她继续做作业。 Let’s continue with our plan. 我们继续我们的计划吧。 1.The story encourages us to __________（继续）our dreams, no matter how hard they seem. 2.这就是为什么它们可以在没有食物的情况下继续存活数周。 That’s why they can __________ __________ live for weeks without food. 1.continue 2.continue to 6 impolite /ɪmpə'laɪt/ adj. 不礼貌的；粗鲁的（教材P76） 归纳拓展 impolite 是形容词，意为“不礼貌的；粗鲁的”，常用句型“It’s impolite of sb. to do sth.”，意为“某人做某事是不礼貌的。” 反义词：polite adj. 有礼貌的 im- 是英语构词法中一个常用的否定前缀，表示“非；不”， 可以加在形容词前面构成原词的反义词。如： perfect（完美的）→ imperfect（不完美的） patient（耐心的）→ impatient（没有耐心的） It’s impolite to shout at others.对着别人大喊大叫是不礼貌的。 Some people think it is impolite to ask their age.有些人认为询问他们的年龄是不礼貌的。 It’s impossible to finish the work in an hour.一个小时内完成这项工作是不可能的。 1.It’s ___________ (polite) to talk loudly in public places. 2.The bad weather made it ___________ (possible) for us to go out. 3.和你老师在课堂上争吵是不礼貌的。 ___________ ___________ ___________ argue with your teacher in class. 1.impolite 2.impossible 3.It’s impolite to 7 personal /'pɜːsənl/ adj. 个人的；私人的（教材P76） 归纳拓展 personal 是形容词，意为“个人的；私人的；亲自的”，在句中一般放在名词前作定语。 personal opinion 个人意见/ 观点 personal information 私人信息 person，意为“人” This is only my personal opinion. Don’t mind.这只是我的个人意见，不要介意。 This is her personal information. Please keep it secret.这是她的私人信息，请保密。 He received his father’s personal letter last week.上周他收到了父亲的亲笔信。 We believe that every person has the ability to learn.我们相信每个人都有学习的能力。 以我个人观点，这本书不值得一读。 In my _________ _________, the book is not worth reading. personal opinion 8 pay /peɪ/ v. 付费；交纳；偿还 n. 工资；薪水（教材P76） 归纳拓展 pay v. 付费；交纳；偿还，既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。基本用法： （1）pay sb. money for sth. 为某物付钱给某人 （2）pay for sth. 付某物的钱 （3）pay off 还清钱 （4）pay back 还钱 pay 还可以作名词，意为“工资；薪水”，常用作不可数名词。 辨析: pay, take, cost 与spend pay 表示某人支付了多少钱，主语通常是人。常使用pay for 结构。 take 表示某事花费了某人多少时间，主语通常是物或事，常用it 作形式主语。句型是：It takes + 人 +一段时间+ 动词不定式. cost 可以作名词，意为“费用；价钱；代价”；也可以作动词，意为“价格为；使损失”。主语通常是表物的名词或代词。句型是：Sth. costs + 人+ 钱数. spend 表示某人花费时间或金钱做某事，主语通常是人。句型是：主语（人）+ spend + 时间或钱数+ (in)doing / on + 物/ 事. 一语辨异 He spent the last weekend with his family. It took him the whole afternoon to read a book. He paid ten yuan for the book. The book cost him ten yuan. 上个周末他和家人度过。他花了整个下午读一本书。他花十元钱买了那本书，那本书花费了他十元钱。 I paid 10 dollars. 我支付了10 美元。 Have you paid the water bill yet? 你已经交水费了吗? How much did you pay for your new car? 你的新车花了多少钱? She finally paid off all her student loans after years of hard work. 经过多年的辛勤工作，她终于还清了学生贷款。 You must pay me back next week. 下周你必须还我钱。 The work is a little hard, but the pay is not bad.工作是有点辛苦，可是薪水不错。 1.—How do you usually go to Wuhan from here? —By high-speed train. It ______ me only 20 minutes to get there. A. spends B. pays C. costs D. takes 2.这辆自行车花了我360 元。（翻译句子） ________________________________________________________________________________________ 1.D 2.I paid 360 yuan for the bike. /I spent 360 yuan on/buying the bike./The bike cost me 360 yuan . 9 offer /'ɒfə(r)/ v. 提供；主动提出 n. 主动提议；出价(教材P76) 归纳拓展 offer 作动词的用法： （1）提供或供应，表示主动提供某物或某种服务。 （2）主动提出，表示自愿做某事。 （3）出价，表示在商业交易中出价购买某物。 作动词的常见用法： offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 offer + 钱数 + for sth. 以某个价格买某东西 归纳拓展 作名词的用法： （1）主动提议，表示一个具体的提议或建议，在特定上下文中，如职场环境中，它有时可以翻译成“录用通知书”。 （2）出价，表示在商业或交易中的报价，常使用动词短语make an offer，意为“报价”。 He offered me a cup of tea. 他给我提供了一杯茶。 She offered to help me with my homework.她主动提出帮助我做作业。 He offered 50 dollars for the bike. 他出价50 美元买这辆自行车。 She received an offer from a famous school.她收到了一所著名学校的通知书。 They made an offer for the contract. 他们提出了合同报价。 1.The young man ________ （主动提供）her a seat when she came in. 2.上个星期天他主动提出开车送我们去机场。 He ________ ________ drive us to the airport last Sunday. 1.offered 2.offered to 10 reasonable /'riːznəbl/ adj. 公平的；合理的（教材P77） 归纳拓展 reasonable 是形容词，是由词根reason（理由；理性）加形容词后缀-able（能够……的）构成的，意为“合理的；公平的”。 -able 是英语构词法中一个常用的后缀，表示“能……的， 会……的，可以……的”，可以附加在动词或名词后面，构成表示能力的形容词，有时词根要作适当变化。如： value（价值）→ valuable（有价值的） enjoy（享受）→ enjoyable（令人愉快的） Your offer is reasonable. I will sell it to you.你的报价是合理的，我把它卖给你了。 We sell good quality food at reasonable prices.我们以合理的价格出售优质食品。 1.People are also happy when they give ___________ (合理的) amounts (数量) of money to charities. 2.这座房子很有价值，并且价格也合理。 The house is very __________ and the price is very ____________. 1.reasonable 2. valuable，reasonable 11 medium /'miːdiəm/ n. 媒介；手段 （教材P78） 归纳拓展 medium n. 媒介；手段。常见搭配： the social medium 社交媒体 the medium of communication 交流媒介 medium 还可作形容词，意为“中等的；中号的”。 of medium height 中等身高 You can solve the problem by social media.你可以通过社交媒体来解决这个问题。 There are three sizes for you to choose, small, medium and large. 有三种尺寸供你选择，小号、中号和大号。 1.Different ______________ (medium) have different effects on the growth of bacteria. 学会运用29: 互联网已成为信息传播的重要媒介。 2.The Internet has become __________ __________ __________ for the dissemination of information. 1.media 2.an important medium 12 trust /trʌst/ n. & v. 信任；相信 （教材P78） 归纳拓展 trust 作名词，意为“信任；相信”。have trust in + sb./sth. 信任某人或某物 trust 还可以作动词，意为“相信；信任”。常用搭配： （1）trust + sb./sth. 相信某人或某物 （2）trust sb. to do sth. 相信某人做某事 （3）trust + that 从句 相信…… Trust me. 相信我。（口语常用） She has complete trust in her doctor. 她完全相信她的医生。 We can’t trust this kind of information. 我们不能相信这种信息。 I trust my best friend completely. 我完全信任我最好的朋友。 I trust you to finish your homework on time.我相信你能按时完成作业。 I trust that he will come to your party. 我相信他会来你的派对。 Trust me. This is the best plan. 相信我，这是最好的计划了。 1.我们相信政府会很快解决这些问题。 We __________ the government __________ solve the problems soon. 2.你应当信任你的团队成员。 You should __________ __________ __________your team members. 1.trust to 2.have trust in 13 benefit /'benɪfɪt/ v. 对……有用；使受益；n. 益处；成效(教材P79) 归纳拓展 benefit 可以用作及物动词，后面接名词或代词作宾语，意为“对（某人）有用；使受益”，也可以用作不及物动词，意为“得益于；得利于”。常用短语： benefit from ... 从……中获益 benefit 作名词，意为“益处；成效”，指某事带来的积极效果或优势。常用短语：（1）health benefits 健康益处（2）be of benefit to... 对……有利 beneficial adj. 有益的；有利的 The new law will benefit thousands of workers.新法律将使成千上万的工人受益。 Many students benefit from online lessons. 许多学生从网课中受益。 Regular exercise has many health benefits.定期锻炼有很多健康益处。 Learning a second language is of great benefit to children. 学习第二语言对孩子非常有利。 1.James, a 15-year-old student, thinks that social media has many __________（益处）. 2.Musicians, sports players and public speakers can all __________ __________ （从……中获益）it. 3.做早操将会对你的健康有利 Doing morning exercises will _________ __________ __________ __________ your health. 1.benefits 2.benefit from 3.be of benefit to 14 reply /rɪ'plaɪ/ n. & v. 回答；回复（教材P79） 归纳拓展 reply 作名词时，意为“回答；答复”，是可数名词。 reply 作“回答”讲时，是不及物动词，常用reply to sb. / sth.，表示“对某人/ 某事做出回答”；作及物动词时，是“答道；回答说”的意思，后跟直接引语或宾语从句。 辨析: reply 与answer reply 表示对他人言行或请求的回应，不一定包含具体的信息。 answer 表示对具体问题的回答，通常包含具体的答案或解释。 He gave a quick reply to my question.他对我的问题给出了快速的回答。 I replied to his email yesterday evening.昨天晚上我回复了他的电子邮件。 She replied that she would be late for a while.她答复说可能要晚一会儿。 The question is difficult to answer. 这个问题很难回答。 1.I received a few ___________ (reply) to my email. 2.请尽快回复我的电子邮件。 Please _________ _________ my email as soon as possible. 3.昨天他回复说下周他要去中国的南方。 He _________ _________ he would go to the south of China the next week. 1.replies 2.reply to 3.replied that 15 honour /'ɒnə(r)/（= honor）n. 荣幸；尊敬v. 给……荣誉；表彰（教材P79） 归纳拓展 honour 作名词，意为“荣幸；尊敬”；作动词，意为“给……荣誉；表彰”。常用短语： in honour of 为了纪念…… It’s my honour to meet you. 能够和您相遇是我的荣幸。 We should show honour to our teachers.我们应当向老师们展示我们的敬意。 It’s said that Duanwu Festival is in honour of Qu Yuan.据说端午节是为了纪念屈原。 We should honour our parents. 我们应当尊敬我们的父母。 1.Chinese archaeologist (考古学家) Fan Jinshi was h for her sixty years’ work to protect the Dunhuang Mogao Caves. 2.为了纪念那位战士，他们修建了这座塔。 They built this tower _______ ____________ _______ the soldier. 1.honored 2.in honour/honor of 16 sentence /'sentəns/ n. 句子；判决 v. 判决；宣判(教材P79) 归纳拓展 sentence 作名词意为“句子；判决”，是可数名词；作动词意为“宣判；判决”。常用短语： make a sentence with... 用……造句 sentence sb. to... 宣判某人某种刑罚 Can you make a sentence with this word?你能用这个词造句吗? The judge has the final say on the sentence.法官对判决有最终的决定权。 The judge sentenced him to ten years in prison.法官判他坐牢十年。 1.Please write these ____________（句子）on your exercise books three times. 2.If you break the law, the judge might __________（判决）you to a punishment. 3.请用“sunny”这个词造个句子。 Please ___________ ___________ ___________ with the word “sunny”. 1.sentences 2.sentence 3.make a sentence 17.show interest in sth. 对……表现出兴趣（教材P76） 归纳拓展 show interest in sth. 意为“对……表现出兴趣”，也可以使用动词have 代替show，in 后面接名词或动名词。 be interested in ... 对……感兴趣 The boy showed/had interest in science.这个男孩对科学感兴趣。 Many boys show great interest in basketball.许多男孩对篮球很感兴趣。 She showed interest in playing the piano when she was five years old. 她五岁的时候对弹钢琴产生了兴趣。 The little boy is interested in cartoons.那个小男孩对卡通片感兴趣。 1.She always shows _______ in new technologies. A. interest B. happiness C. attention D. difficulties 2.和人们谈话时，对别人的话题表现出兴趣是有礼貌的。 It is polite to ________ ________ ________ other people’s topics when you talk to them. 1.A 2.show interest in 18. find out 查明；弄清（情况）（教材P76） 归纳拓展 find out 查明；弄清（情况）。一般用作及物动词词组。 辨析: find out 与find Find out 查明，查出。指通过调查或询问来弄清楚某件事情的真相或细节。后面一般接抽象名词，与discover 是近义词。 find 找到，发现。通常指找到或发现具体的东西，也可以指偶然发现某物或某种情况。后面一般接具体看得见的物质名词。 The teacher tried to find out who broke the windows. 老师尽力查明谁打碎了窗户。 Who can help us to find out the truth? 谁能帮我们查明真相? The police tried to find the lost boy.警察尽力找到那个丢失的男孩。 19.pay attention (to...) 注意；关注（教材P76） 归纳拓展 pay attention (to...)“注意；关注”，to 后面接名词、代词、动名词或句子作宾语。特别注意该短语中的to 是介词，后面不能使用动词原形。 类似用法是look forward to，意为“期待；盼望”。 I wish you could learn to pay attention.我希望你能学会集中注意力。 Please pay attention to your actions. 请注意你的行为。 I didn’t pay attention to what she was saying.我没有注意她在说什么。 We should pay attention to washing hands often to keep healthy. 为了保持健康，我们应当注意经常洗手。 1.To keep healthy, we should pay attention to ____________ (avoid) staying up late. 2.每个人都应该注意家里的消防安全 Everyone should _________ _________ _________ fire safety at home. 1.avoiding 2.pay attention to 20.keep (...) away from... （使）远离；避免……靠近（教材P78） 归纳拓展 keep... away from... 意为“（使）远离，避免……靠近”，防止其接近或影响到。常用于表示因某种危险或不良状态，而要求保持距离。它的同义短语是stay away from。 Parents should keep their children away from fire.父母应当让孩子远离火。 Children should stay away from strangers.孩子们应当远离陌生人。 1.When you walk in a forest, you must _______ wild animals. A. come from B. hear from C. keep away from D. learn from 2.医生告诉我要远离高脂肪食物。 The doctor told me to ___________ _________ _________ high-fat food. 1.C 2.keep /stay away from 21.take place 发生；进行（教材P79） 辨析: take place 与happen Take place 不及物动词短语，常单独使用，后面不能接宾语。 常用于描述按计划或安排好的事情。 happen 不及物动词，后面不接宾语。通常用于描述偶然或突发性事件，强调事件的不可预测性或意外性。 She wanted the meeting to take place quickly.她想要会议马上举行。 The party will take place in the park. 派对将在公园里举行。 The situation took place because of poor communication.这种情况是由于沟通不畅而发生的。 The accident happened on Sunday night.事故发生在星期天晚上。 1.The concert will ________ on New Year’s Eve. A. take up B. take down C. take off D. take place 2.第一次庆祝活动在去年十月七日进行。 The first celebration ___________ ____________on October 7 last year. 1.D 2.took place 22.Do you find it hard to have a conversation with a stranger? 你觉得与陌生人交谈很难吗? （教材P76） (分析结构) 这是一个简单句，句子类型是一般疑问句。Do 是助动词，构成一般疑问句，you 是主语，find 是谓语动词，it 是形式宾语，指代真正的宾语to have a conversation with a stranger，句中的hard 是形容词，作宾语补足语。 归纳拓展 句子结构：“主语 + 谓语动词 + 形式宾语it + 形容词 + 动词不定式（真正宾语）”可以是陈述句，也可以是一般疑问句。谓语动词常使用find（发现），think（认为），feel（感觉），consider（认为；考虑）等。 I find it difficult to communicate with him.我发现和他交流很困难。 Do you think it useful to learn a foreign language?你认为学习一门外语有用吗? 1.—Do you think _______ useful to read English magazines for English learning? —Yes, I think it works well. A. it B. that C. this D. its 2.My mother thinks it important to have breakfast on time.（翻译成汉语） ________________________________________________ 1.A 2.我妈妈认为按时吃早餐很重要。 23. If you have such worries, it is time for you to learn some more conversation skills. 如果你有这样的担忧，是时候学习更多的谈话技巧了。（教材P76） (分析结构) 这是一个含有条件状语从句的主从复合句，主句是it is time for you to learn some more conversation skills，从句是If you have such worries。主句中的it 是主语，for 是介词，引出说话的对象，you 作介词for 的宾语。If 是条件状语从句的引导词，意为“如果；假设”。第一个you 是从句主语，have 是从句谓语，宾语是such worries。 归纳拓展 “It’s time （for sb.) + 动词不定式.”是一种常用句式结构，意为“（某人）该做某事了。”；也可以直接使用“It’s time for + 名词.”。 It’s time to have lunch. 该吃午饭了。 It’s time for children to go to bed. 孩子们该睡觉了。 It’s time for the Chinese class. 该上语文课了。 1.It’s time for governments _________ action against climate change. A. to take B. take C. takes D. taking 2.It’s time to have an English class.（同义句转换） __________________________________________ 3.到我们做运动的时候了。（翻译句子） __________________________________________ 1.A 2.It’s time for an English class. 3.It’s time for us to take exercise/do sports. 随堂训练 一．词汇 1. Will you please continue _______________(do) the work in the garden after dinner? 2. Many people _______________(point) to the direction of the shining star in the sky just now. 3. The ticket _______________ 50, so I have to _______________ 100 for two tickets, but I don’t mind because I like _______________ time enjoying live music. (花费 ) 4. Jenny heard a _______________ noise, and when she looked out, she saw a _______________ walking past. (strange) 5. She takes great _______________ of her pet rabbit and is always _______________ to feed it _______________ every morning. (care) 6.To communicate better, showing interest in what others are saying and 1. _______________(关注 ) their feelings are important. If you disagree, don’t argue 2. _______________ them right away; instead, try to understand them. Be 3. _______________(you) and stay honest. 1-6 doing；pointed；costs；pay；spending； strange；stranger；care；careful ；carefully paying attention to；with；yourself；takes place 二．翻译 1.如何更好地进行对话。 _______________________________________________ 2.重要的事情之一就是倾听与你交谈的人。 ________________________________________________you speak to. 3.如果你不知道该对她说什么，我认为最好的办法就是说实话。 _________________________________________________________ How to make a better conversation. One of the most important things is to listen to the person If you don’t know what to say to her, I think the best way is to tell the truth. 三、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. It’s _______ (polite) to interrupt someone when they are speaking. 2. Never give out your ________ (person) information to ________ (strange). 3.If he _______ (reply) to us before tomorrow, we can make a better plan for the next step. 4. All her friends think she is a good _______ (listen) because she always listens to them _______ (careful). 5. The teacher _______ to some main _______ on the blackboard to make everyone understand the story. (point) 一、impolite；personal; strangers；replies；listener; carefully；pointed; points 四、从方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空 sure    understand    reason    sincere    trust 1. My brother will _______ be happy if he receives the toy. 2. Don’t forget to praise the kids _______ when they do something good. 3. You’d better _______ yourself. Remember you can do almost everything if you try. 4. The lack of communication caused many _________________ . 5. Though you have your __________ excuse, you shouldn’t make others wait for so long. 1-5surely；sincerely；trust；Misunderstandings；reasonable 五、根据语境，用适当的虚词盲填 1. We should always keep ourselves away _______ danger. 2. Let’s not argue _______ him. After all, he is our classmate. 3. I think friendship is a hidden treasure. We’ll benefit _______ it. 4. Now more and more people show interest _______ AI technology. 5. Now, I would like to move on _______ the next plan. 1-5 from； with；from；in；to 六、根据汉语提示补全句子或翻译句子 1. 青少年在公众场合应该注意自己的行为。 Teenagers should _______ _______ _______ their behavior in public places. 2. 做你自己，不要在乎其他人是怎么看你的。 _______ _______ and don’t care about what others think of you. 3. 为了查明真相，他继续在网上寻找相关的信息。 To _______ _______ the truth, he _______ _______ _______ related information online. 4. 第九届亚洲冬季运动会在哈尔滨举行。许多人主动提出成为志愿者。 The 9th Asian Winter Games _______ _______ in Harbin. Many people _______ _______ _______ _________ . 5. 我很荣幸向大家做自我介绍。 (It’s a/one’s great honour...) ____________________________________________ 1-5pay attention to；Be yourself；find out; continued looking for；took place; offered to be volunteers；It’s my great honour to introduce myself to all of you 七、短文填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Jim and Cathy come from a typical American family. As 1. _______ elder brother, Jim often offers 2. _______ (help) Cathy work out problems. Jim plays football with great skills. But there is a cloud hanging over Jim’s 3. ____________ (develop). His mother often compares him 4. _______ other children. She always wants him to compete with others and win. This causes much pressure for Jim. It also pushes Jim into a crazy 5. _______ nervous place. Jim often argues with his mother and the 6. __________ (relation) between them is difficult. Jim doesn’t want to continue 7. _________ (practice) football anymore. I guess Jim wants to cut out all the matches. In my opinion, everyone has his own world to look through. It’s wrong to push Jim so hard. Perhaps they should deal with this problem. They should find a chance 8. ________ (explain) to each other as quickly as possible. Firstly, as 9. ________ (member) of a family, they should often communicate to get on well with each other. It’s clear that parents can’t give children too much pressure. Instead, they should allow their children to do whatever they like. Secondly, parents should have proper 10. ______________ (communicate) with their children. 1-10 the；to help；development；with；and；relationship；practicing；to explain； members；communication 写作学习 良好的沟通在我们的生活中起着非常重要的作用。某英文网站正在开展以“沟通”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请写一篇80词左右的英语短文投稿，描述一次你与他人通过沟通解决问题的经历，并谈谈你的收获。 ［审题指导］ 1.体裁: 记叙文 2. 人称: 以第一人称和第三人称为主 3. 时态: 以一般过去时为主 ［谋篇布局］理清文章要素，构建文章结构。 ［遣词造句］就结构图中的要点完成句子。 1.我打了视频电话而不是发信息，因为我想亲眼看看我的表弟。 I made a video call __________ sending messages because I wanted to see my cousin in person. 2.通过这次视频通话，我得以和我的表弟进行了一次面对面的交谈。 From the video call, I could ________________________ my cousin. 3.他真的对学习英语毫无头绪。 He really __________________ learning English. 4.多亏了这次视频通话，我能够看到他的面部表情，并且判断他说的话是真是假。 __________________ the video call, I could see his facial expressions and tell whether his words were true or not. 1. instead of 2. have a face-to-face talk with3. had no idea of 4. Thanks to ［必背范文］ Good communication plays an important role in life. Last year, my cousin didn’t pass the final exam. So I decided to have a talk with him. I made a video call instead of sending messages because I wanted to see my cousin in person. From the video call, I could have a face-to-face talk with my cousin and learned that he had difficulty in learning English. He really had no idea of learning English. Thanks to the video call, I could see his facial expressions and tell whether his words were true or not. Also, thanks to this communication, I could understand my cousin better and offer him more advice. From this experience, I learn that modern technology makes communication convenient and brings people closer. 一 假设你是李华，你的朋友刘明在学习、生活等方面遇到了一些问题和困难，所以他经常感到焦虑和郁闷。请你根据以下内容用英语给他发一封电子邮件，帮助他克服焦虑情绪，并能够使他轻松、快乐地学习和生活。内容包括： 1.每个人都会有感到苦恼、焦虑的时候；2.一定要告诉他人你的烦恼；3.遇到困难时，多与同学交流或和老师、家长及时沟通；4.就如何轻松、快乐地学习和生活等适当发挥。 注意: 词数80左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Liu Ming, Everyone may feel worried or sad sometimes. ______________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 参考答案 实战演练 Dear Liu Ming, Everyone may feel worried or sad sometimes. When you are anxious, you can tell others your trouble. I think communicating with your classmates, teachers or parents is a good choice. Then, you’ll find that you can solve the problems in study or life easily. You can get relaxed by listening to music or taking part in outdoor activities. Try to smile at yourself and never keep silent about your problems. Please do remember: you’re not alone. We may have many difficulties, but I believe all of them can be overcome in the end. Yours, Li Hua 二 假如你是学校的老师Sally，你收到一封Tom的来信。在信中Tom告诉了你他在生活和学习中遇到的困难。请你写一封回信，针对Tom的问题给出你的建议。 汤姆的问题 你的建议 朋友少且孤独 变得开朗，对人友好 英语成绩不理想 多和老师讨论英语问题 和父母的意见不一致 常与父母分享问题和焦虑，多理解父母 要求： 1. 请注意回信的格式，请写出合理的开头和结尾。 2. 短文中必须包含以上所有信息。 3. 注意文章的结构完整，表达准确，过渡自然，书写整洁。 4. 词数：80左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Dear Tom, Thank you for sharing your feelings with me. It’s normal to have problems at your age. Try to be more outgoing and friendlier so that you can make more friends, and then you won’t be lonely. You say you are not good at English. Why not discuss your problems with your teacher? Teachers are always glad to help. Sometimes you have different ideas with your parents. Just relax! Be understanding! Talk to them and share your problems and worries. Everything will be fine! Hope my advice could help. Best wishes, Sally 综合训练 一、完形填空 It’s hard to forget the time when I stood in front of all my classmates and forgot my words while I was giving a speech. 1 that, I didn’t want to join in any class activities for a long time. 2 , things began to change one day. A week before my school’s English festival, my teacher asked me to make a speech in front of the 3 school. I didn’t want to, but my teacher 4 me to think about it carefully and gave me a piece of paper. It said, “The 5 step in success is the willingness (意愿) to try, and the key to it is to work hard.” I was encouraged by this and decided to have a try. I finished 6 the speech on paper in a day and practiced it during my lunch breaks. I also asked my teacher for suggestions. As a result, 7 speech was a success. Since then, I’ve become more active and 8 . I ask and answer questions in class more often and I take part in (参加) 9 different after-school activities. I have learned that the road to success is 10 and we need to have courage (勇气) and work hard. ( ) 1. A. Before B. After C. About D. Until ( ) 2. A. But B. However C. So D. Or ( ) 3. A. all B. each C. every D. whole ( ) 4. A. warned B. advised C. trained D. allowed ( ) 5. A. first B. second C. third D. last ( ) 6. A. making B. reporting C. writing D. having ( ) 7. A. my B. his C. her D. our ( ) 8. A. helpful B. responsible C. outgoing D. thankful ( ) 9. A. much B. many C. little D. few ( ) 10. A. boring B. different C. easy D. difficult ［语篇解读］ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了我因为一次失败的演讲，不敢参加任何班级活动，后来在老师的帮助下，成功做了一次演讲，从此重拾信心的故事。 1. B 结合上文的“当我做演讲的时候，我在全班面前忘了词”可知，在那之后我很长时间不想参加任何班级活动。故选B。 2. B 句意：然而，有一天，事情开始改变。设空处前后存在转折关系，并有逗号隔开，使用however。故选B。 3. D 我的老师要求我在全校面前做一次演讲，表示“全校”，使用the whole school。故选D。 4. B 根据下文的“I was encouraged by this and decided to have a try.”可知，我的老师建议我考虑一下。故选B。 5. A 此处指成功的第一步是愿意尝试。故选A。 6. C 结合on paper可知是“写”演讲词。故选C。 7. A 句意：结果，我的演讲很成功。根据上下文可知，此处指我的演讲。故选A。 8. C 根据下文的“我在课上更频繁地提问并回答问题，并且参加不同的课外活动”可知，我变得活跃、外向了。故选C。 9. B 由语境可知，这里是说参加很多不同的课外活动。故答案选B。 10. D 句意：我学到了走向成功的道路很艰难，我们需要有勇气并努力地工作。A项“无聊的”；B项“不同的”；C项“容易的”；D项“困难的”。根据句意可知选D。 二、任务型阅读 Children and adults (成年人) don’t always agree with each other. They often have different ideas about living. But in a special group in London, children and adults live together in a friendly way. Each summer 200 children and 50 adults live together for eight weeks. Everyone works for a few hours each day. They do so not just to keep busy. They want to find enjoyment (快乐) in work. Some children work in the forests or on the farm near the village and some learn to make things like tables and chairs. Adults teach them to do these things. There are a few free hours each day. Weekends are free, too. When they aren’t busy, some of the children learn to take photos or draw and some sit around to talk or sing. All children choose their own ways to spend their free time. When people live together, they should have rules. In the group children and adults make the rules together. If someone breaks a rule, the group will talk about it. One of the children says, “We have to stop thinking only about ourselves. We I need to learn how to think about others.” 阅读短文，回答问题。 1. Where are children and adults in the special group from? _____________________________________________ 2. How many people in the special group live together each summer? _____________________________________________ 3. Why do children and adults work for some time every day? _____________________________________________ 4. Are there any rules in the special group? _____________________________________________ 5. What does the writer want to tell us? _____________________________________________ ［语篇解读］ 本文作者通过一个特殊小组中的大人和孩子友好相处的事情告诉我们不能光想着自己，要学会为别人着想。 1. They are from London./London. 根据文中句子“But in a special group in London, children and adults live together in a friendly way.”可知，他们来自伦敦。 2. 250 people live together./250 people./250. 根据文中句子“Each summer 200 children and 50 adults live together for eight weeks.”可知，共250人。 3. Because they want to keep busy and get enjoyment from work. /Because they want to keep busy and find enjoyment in work. 根据文中句子“Everyone works for a few hours...They want to find enjoyment in work.”可知，他们不只是要保持忙碌，也想要从工作中得到快乐。 4. Yes./Yes, there are. 根据文中句子“When people live together, they should have rules.”可知，这个组中是有规则的。 5. We should stop thinking only about ourselves. We need to learn how to think about others. 根据文中句子“We have to stop thinking only about ourselves. We need to learn how to think about others.”可知，作者想告诉我们，不能光想着自己，要学会为别人着想。 三.短文填空 　　从方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式完成短文。 afraid, upset, until, careless, it, angry, maybe, watch, decide, advise 　　Last weekend, my friend Jack came to my house when my parents were out. We 　1　a game show on TV first. At about three o’clock, we started to play with a ball in the living room. I was so　2　that the ball hit the photo of my family. It fell down from the wall and broke. I was　3　. So Jack and I went out. I didn’t go home　4　my parents came back. When they asked me what had happened, I answered, “I don’t know. 　5　it fell off by itself.” They seemed to believe me, but I felt very 　6　. The next day, I talked to Jack. He said 　7　was wrong of me to say like that. He　8　me to tell my parents the truth. He even wanted to go with me. After thinking about it, I　9　to tell my parents. To my surprise, they didn’t get　10　at all. They also asked me to share my problems with them in the future.  [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文,讲述上周末作者和朋友在家玩球时打破了墙上的全家福,作者欺骗父母照片可能是自己掉下来的,后来作者把真相如实告诉父母并得到父母谅解的故事。 1.watched　根据后面的“on TV”可知,这里是说在电视上看了一个游戏类节目。根据上文的时间状语“Last weekend”可知,动词用过去式,故填watched。 2.careless　根据后面的“the ball hit the photo of my family”可知,此处表示“我是如此粗心”,故填careless。 3.afraid　根据后面的“So Jack and I went out. I didn’t go home...”可推知,作者很害怕,故填afraid。 4.until　句意:直到我父母回来我才回家。根据句子结构可知,这是含有not...until的主从复合句,这里填until。 5.Maybe　根据前面的“I don’t know.”可知,后面的叙述是猜测,因此用副词Maybe。 6.upset　前面说父母似乎相信了作者的话,作者应该高兴,由but可知,作者很难过。故填upset。 7.it　句意:他说我那样说是不对的。分析句子结构可知,此处应用it作宾语从句的形式主语,故填it。 8.advised　句意:他建议我把真相告诉我父母。句子缺少谓语动词,结合句意及后面的动词不定式可知,这里考查advise sb. to do sth.的用法,故填advised。 9.decided　“我”决定告诉“我”父母。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”,因为这里叙述的是过去的事情,动词应用过去式,故填decided。 10.angry　结合前面的“To my surprise”可知,父母没有生气,get angry的意思是“生气”,故填angry。 $$