（十四）题组56-【金版教程】2026年高考英语一轮总复习首选用卷课件PPT

WELCOME UNIT 第一部分　“高考话题” 题型组合练 (十四)宇宙探索 题组56 Ⅰ　阅读 (2025·海南省高三学业水平诊断一)A new study provides evidence that Mars contains a large ocean deep beneath its surface. The finding is based on data collected by the InSight Lander, a robotic explorer operated by the American space agency NASA. InSight, which landed in 2018, was designed to capture data from within the planet's interior. The lander ended its operations on Mars in late 2022. 2 For the current study, researchers used seismic (地震的) data collected by InSight. The team examined the data to study Martian quake activity. InSight had recorded more than 1，300 marsquakes. The device InSight used to measure ground movements is called a seismometer (地震仪). It is extremely sensitive to the Martian environment. The seismic data suggests liquid water exists deep beneath the ground where InSight operated from. Since water is considered necessary to support life, scientists say the presence of it on Mars leaves open the possibility that some form of life might exist, or existed there in the past. 3 Numerous studies done before have also provided evidence that liquid water could exist on Mars. Scientists have already uncovered evidence that about 3 billion years ago, the surface of Mars likely had an active system of lakes, rivers and oceans. Scientists believe that Mars has lost its surface water as its atmosphere became less thick. This likely turned the planet into the dry, dusty world it is today. They have theorized that much of the ancient water escaped out into space or remained buried under the surface. 4 The data suggests liquid water sits between 11 and 20 kilometers down in the Martian crust. The water is likely contained in a deep layer of igneous rock beneath the Martian surface. Scientists said that the water likely moved down from the surface billions of years ago, when water is believed to have flowed freely on Mars. There is currently no way to confirm the study's suggested existence of liquid water because it sits so far beneath the Martian surface. Such a confirmation would require large drills and other specialized equipment. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究提供了证据，证明火星表面深处有一个巨大的海洋。 5 1．How did the researchers get the finding? A．By analyzing the previous research. B．By conducting an experiment on Mars. C．By referring to the data from a robotic explorer. D．By comparing the Martian surface with that of Earth. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A new study provides ... within the planet's interior.”可知，这项发现是研究人员依据一个在火星登陆作业的一个机器人探测器收集到的数据而得出结论的。故选C。 2．Why did water disappear from the surface of Mars according to the scientists? A．Its structure changed. B．Its atmosphere thinned. C．Its temperature rose. D．Its surface broke into pieces. 解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Scientists believe that ... dusty world it is today.”可知，依据科研人员的说法，火星的地表水消失是因为它的大气层变薄造成的。故选B。 3．What's the author's attitude towards the new discovery? A．Objective. B．Tolerant. C．Unclear. D．Uncaring. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，目前还没有办法证实该研究提出的液态水的存在，因为它位于火星表面以下很远的地方。这样的确认将需要大型钻机和其他专业设备。由此可推知，作者对此科学发现的态度是客观的。故选A。 4．What's the text mainly about? A．There are frequent quakes on Mars just like on Earth. B．Scientists have been searching for signs of life on Mars. C．New study suggests Mars has a large underground ocean. D．An advanced device for exploring Mars has ended its mission. 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段内容可知，本文主要是告知读者火星地下有水存在这一科学新发现，并客观陈述这一发现的全过程。故选C。 (2025·江苏省南通市启东市启东中学高三期中)The Earth gained a new “ mini­moon”， but it didn't stay around for long. The newly discovered asteroid (行星) named 2024 PT5, was temporarily captured by the Earth's gravity and orbited our world from September 29 to November 25, according to astronomers. Then, the space rock returned to a heliocentric orbit, which is an orbit around the sun. “The asteroid is likely about 37 feet (11 meters) in diameter (直径), but more observations and data are needed to confirm its size，” said lead study author Carlos. 10 But as a mini­moon, Asteroid 2024 PT5 isn't in any danger of colliding with the Earth now or over the next few decades. The space rock will orbit about 2.6 million miles away, or about 10 times the distance between the Earth and the moon. “Whether an asteroid gets captured by the Earth is independent of its size or mass, it only depends on its speed and trajectory (轨迹) as it approaches the Earth­Moon system，” said Robert, a specialist on solar system bodies. “At any given time, there is approximately one mini­moon in the Earth­Moon system, roughly the size of a dishwasher, but they are so difficult to detect and most of them go undiscovered during the time when they remain bound to the Earth.” 11 Mini­moons can also be asteroids that come from the main asteroid belt, located between Mars and Jupiter, or they may be pieces of the lunar surface launched by asteroid impacts millions of years ago. Carlos and his colleagues plan to observe 2024 PT5 to collect more data and details. “Determining where they come from could help us understand the process of crater (坑) formation and how material is forced out from the Moon's surface，” he said. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一颗名为2024 PT5的小行星短暂绕地球运行之后重返太阳轨道，并介绍了该行星的相关信息。 12 5．What can we learn from 2024 PT5? A．The asteroid was captured by gravity for long. B．The asteroid's accurate size has yet to be confirmed. C．2024 PT5 has entered the Earth's atmosphere over Russia. D．2024 PT5 stayed around the Earth for about 3 months. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中Carlos (卡洛斯)所说的话“The asteroid is likely ... to confirm its size”可知，这颗小行星的确切大小还有待确认。故选B。 6．Why does 2024 PT5 cause no harm to the Earth? A．It lacks the energy to destroy the Earth. B．It is actively monitored by the specialists. C．It is smaller than the Chelyabinsk asteroid. D．Its trajectory avoids colliding with the Earth. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“But as a mini­moon ... between the Earth and the moon.”可知，这块太空岩石将在260万英里外的轨道上运行，大约是地球和月球之间距离的10倍，由此可知，2024 PT5不会对地球造成伤害，是因为它的轨道避免了与地球相撞。故选D。 7．Which statement does Robert agree with? A．Many mini­moons always exist in the Earth­Moon system. B．Mini­moons are detectable due to their dishwasher size. C．Detection of mini­moons bound to the Earth is challenging. D．Capture of an asteroid enjoys independence of speed. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中Robert (罗伯特)所说的话“At any given time ... when they remain bound to the Earth.”可知，Robert指出地月系统中的小卫星体积小，很难被探测到，大多数都没有被发现。由此可推知，他的观点是探测与地球绑定的小卫星是具有挑战性的。故选C。 8．Why does Carlos plan to observe 2024 PT5? A．To collect pieces of the lunar surface. B．To observe mini­moons in the asteroid belt. C．To perceive the process of crater formation. D．To understand asteroid impacts on Moon's surface. 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中Carlos所说的话“Determining where they come from ... from the Moon's surface (确定它们的来源可以帮助我们了解陨石坑形成的过程，以及物质是如何从月球表面被强力脱离出来的)”可知，Carlos计划观察2024 PT5是为了了解陨石坑形成的过程。故选C。 Ⅱ　应用文写作 (2025·广东省普宁市第一中学高三月考)假定你是李华，你和朋友本周六打算去参观中国航天博物馆(China Space Museum)。请你给在你校做交换生的David写一封信，邀请他一起去，内容包括： 1．发出邀请； 2．主要的参观活动； 3．约定会面的时间和地点。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 17 Dear David, ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ Yours， Li Hua 18 [精彩范文] Dear David， How are you? I'm glad to tell you that my friends and I are going to visit China Space Museum this Saturday morning. I'm writing to invite you to join us. In the museum, we can see real rockets and satellites and some delicate models of aircraft. In addition, we can watch some interesting scientific experiments, from which you can learn some knowledge. Through the visit, we can learn about the development of China's space technology. Shall we meet at the gate of our school at 8 am this Saturday? I'm looking forward to your early reply. Yours， Li Hua 19 R $$