（十四）题组55-【金版教程】2026年高考英语一轮总复习首选用卷课件PPT

WELCOME UNIT 第一部分　“高考话题” 题型组合练 (十四)宇宙探索 题组55 Ⅰ　阅读 (2025·四川省宜宾市叙州区高三一模)After decades of exploring the moon, a dramatic vision is finally becoming reality. The Guardian recently reported that a project called Lunar Codex is planning to send and store over 30，000 works on the moon from artists, writers, filmmakers, and musicians from over 150 countries and regions. The goods to be stored range from novels and paintings to music, films, and even soil from the Earth. According to Artnet, the only rule for acceptance for these works is that they must have been pre­curated (预先策划) by a professional known to Samuel Peralta, the leader of the project. 2 Speaking with The New York Times, Peralta said that the aim of the project is to create “a message in the bottle for the fixture”， showing that “during this time of war and economic crisis, people still found time to create beauty”． In fact, this is not the first time that people have tried sending human legacies (遗产) to outer space. In 1969, the Apollo 12 mission carried a ceramic piece with drawings. In 1971, the Apollo 15 staff left a sculpture to honor those who had died in space exploration. What's more famous is the Golden Record carried by spacecraft Voyager 1 and 2 from NASA in 1977, which contains human language, music and images. For example, a piece of Chinese guqin music, called Flowing Streams was included in it. 3 Although we don't know who determines which symbols of human legacy get sent out to space in most projects, it's obvious that the criteria keep changing. In the past, space heritage products only focused on space­related works; but gradually, more human­related contemporary goods which held great importance in their respective eras have been added to the list. In the Lunar Codex, films, diverse art and literary works produced by women, disabled artists, and even AI have been collected for the first time to be sent to the moon. 4 These changing criteria also leave space for ordinary people to imagine and think. Many people are now trying to store their DNA information digitally. Will people be able to find even more surprising and inventive ways to preserve their legacy in the future? Only time can tell. 篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了经过几十年的月球探索，人类的许多象征性遗产将被储存在月球上。 5 1．What is the goal of the project? A．To make the moon livable. B．To show respect to artists. C．To preserve the existing beauty. D．To continue the work of Voyager 2. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Guardian recently reported ... over 150 countries and regions.”可知，此次活动的目的是将现存的一些美好的东西进行保存，即保存现存的美。故选C。 2．Why does the author mention the missions in 1969, 1971 and 1977? A．To explain the missions are important. B．To complain people explored outer space not so often. C．To show Chinese culture was included gradually. D．To prove people have been delivering legacies to the moon. 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In fact, this is not ... human legacies (遗产) to outer space.”可知，这并不是人类第一次尝试将人类遗产送往外太空，接着后文就这一论断进行了举例，由此可推知，提到1969年、1971年和1977年任务的目的是证明人类一直在向月球运送遗产。故选D。 3．What does the change of the criteria reflect? A．Human civilization is inclusive. B．People don't care about space­related works. C．Women's position has been improved. D．People take AI seriously. 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，随着标准的不断变化，越来越多与人类有关的、在各自时代具有重要意义的当代商品被加入了送往太空的人类遗产名单。由此可推知，人类文明是包容的。故选A。 4．Where can you find the article? A．A brochure. B．A magazine. C．An advertisement. D．A poster. 解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要与月球探索有关，由此可推知，文章有可能出自一本与月球探索有关的杂志。故选B。 Ⅱ　完形填空 (2025·安徽省六安第一中学高三月考)For a little girl growing up in Colombia in the 1980s, a science career with NASA may have seemed like setting foot on a faraway planet. __1__， Diana Trujillo has made it—she is a(n) __2__ now, leading a 45­person team that's responsible for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover. Born in 1983, even as a young girl, Diana was certain of her passion for science. When she was 17, her dad offered to send her to Miami, Florida to study Aerospace Engineering. Without any __3__， she followed her dad's __4__. Arriving in the US with just $300, Trujillo had to __5__ through school by doing a series of housekeeping jobs. The __6__ was definitely not easy, but Trujillo never complained. 10 Then came another __7__ moment for Trujillo. One of her professors casually mentioned an astronaut they were acquainted with. __8__ she was “just one person away from knowing an astronaut” was all it took to __9__ Trujillo's career goals. So she __10__ her studies in space science and __11__ became the first Hispanic (拉丁裔的) woman to be admitted to the NASA Academy in 2007. Since then, Trujillo has worn many hats at America's space agency. 11 But Diana hasn't __12__ there. She also leads by example, __13__ women to pursue careers in STEM fields. Her own story is a __14__ that just beyond that barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to __15__ the stars. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Diana Trujillo (迪亚娜·特鲁希略)克服重重困难，成为了美国宇航局的一名工程师，领导着团队负责火星探测器的机械臂的故事。 12 1．A．Therefore B．Instead C．However D．Moreover 解析：therefore因此；instead相反；however然而；moreover此外。根据上文“For a little girl ... setting foot on a faraway planet.”和下文“Diana Trujillo has made it”可知，对于一个小女孩来说，在美国宇航局从事科学事业是不可及的事情，但Diana Trujillo却做到了。上下文构成转折关系。故选C。 2．A.astronaut B．engineer C．pilot D．doctor 解析：astronaut宇航员；engineer工程师；pilot飞行员；doctor医生。根据下文“leading a 45­person ... the latest Mars rover”“to study Aerospace Engineering”可知，Diana Trujillo领导着团队负责最新火星探测器的机械臂，而且学的是航空航天工程，因此她应该是一名工程师。故选B。 3．A.hesitation B．complaint C．expectation D．promise 解析：hesitation犹豫；complaint抱怨；expectation期望；promise承诺。根据上文“Born in 1983 ... her passion for science.”可知，还是个小女孩的时候，Diana就对科学充满了热情，因此她会毫不犹豫地接受父亲提出的想法。without hesitation意为“毫不犹豫地”。故选A。 4．A.command B．footstep C．request D．suggestion 解析：command命令；footstep脚步；request请求；suggestion建议。根据上文“her dad offered to send her to Miami, Florida to study Aerospace Engineering”可知，此处指父亲提出送她去学习航空航天工程的建议。故选D。 5．A.go B．pass C．struggle D．push 解析：根据上文“with just $300”和下文“by doing a series of housekeeping jobs”可知，Trujillo当时经济困难，得做很多家政工作来赚钱。由此可知，她艰难地完成了学业，struggle through意为“艰难地度过”。故选C。 6．A.mission B．career C．adventure D．process 解析：mission任务；career职业；adventure冒险；process过程。根据上文“Arriving in the US ... a series of housekeeping jobs.”可知，此处指Trujillo通过打工赚钱来完成学业的过程。故选D。 7．A.risk­taking B．life­changing C．time­consuming D．energy­saving 解析：risk­taking冒险的；life­changing改变人生的；time­consuming耗时的；energy­saving节能的。根据下文“__8__ she was ... Trujillo's career goals.”可知，Trujillo由此更坚定地追求自己的职业目标，因此她经历了另一个改变人生的时刻。故选B。 8．A.Realizing B．Remembering C．Imagining D．Assuming 解析：realize意识到；remember记住；imagine想象；assume假定。根据上文“One of her ... were acquainted with.”可推知，教授不经意提到的事情让她意识到了自己离认识宇航员其实很近。故选A。 9．A.record B．share C．inspire D．finish 解析：record记录；share分享；inspire激励；finish完成。根据上文“she was ‘just one person away from knowing an astronaut’”可知，自己离认识宇航员其实很近这样的想法激励Trujillo的职业目标。故选C。 10．A.started B．abandoned C．suspended D．continued 解析：start开始；abandon放弃；suspend暂停；continue继续。根据上文“to study Aerospace Engineering”和下文“became the first ... the NASA Academy in 2007”可知，Trujillo一开始学的就是空间科学相关的专业，后来她真的被美国宇航局学院录取了，因此此处指她继续学习这个专业。故选D。 11．A.immediately B．eventually C．gradually D．suddenly 解析：immediately立即地；eventually最终地；gradually逐渐地；suddenly突然地。此处指这个过程的结局是她最终成为第一位被美国宇航局学院录取的拉丁裔女性。故选B。 12．A.left B．succeeded C．stopped D．reached 解析：leave离开；succeed成功；stop停止；reach到达。根据下文“She also leads by example”可知，Diana还做了其他的事情，因此她并没有就此停止。故选C。 13．A.encouraging B．promising C．allowing D．persuading 解析：encourage鼓励；promise承诺；allow允许；persuade劝说。根据上文“She also leads by example”可知，Diana在以身作则，因此是通过自己的故事来鼓励女性在STEM领域从事工作。故选A。 14．A.symbol B．notice C．warning D．reminder 解析：symbol象征；notice通知；warning警告；reminder提醒人的事物。根据上文叙述的在哥伦比亚长大的Diana Trujillo克服重重困难，成为美国宇航局的一名工程师可推知，她的故事给予我们的是正面的提醒，告诉我们努力可以助力实现梦想。故选D。 15．A.stare at B．reach for C．long for D．come after 解析：stare at盯着；reach for伸手够；long for渴望；come after跟随。根据上文“lies an entire ... work hard enough to”可推知，此处是用Trujillo追寻太空梦的故事激励追寻梦想的人，想要伸手去够星星的人，只要努力工作，就有大量的机会实现梦想。故选B。 Ⅲ　七选五 (2025·山东省Eternal7社区高三模拟预测)Astronaut Frank Rubiales has returned to the Earth after 371 days in space. It was only supposed to be 180, but a technical fault stopped him from returning as planned. __1__． Being in space can affect both physical and mental health. __2__. Astronauts are recommended 150 minutes of exercise per day to resist this. Also, space traveller's eyes can be affected by the way that fluids act in zero­gravity. Outside the protection of the Earth's atmosphere, astronauts are exposed to much higher levels and different forms of solar radiation. This can potentially cause long­term health problems, such as cancer. 28 __3__. Our mental health can be damaged if we don't get enough sleep. On the Earth, our bodies respond through circadian rhythms to the Sun rising and setting to help us sleep, but astronauts on board the International Space Station see 16 sunsets and sunrises every day. __4__. Isolation, and spending all your time with a small group of people can also affect mental health. Along with isolation is the pressure that comes from being constantly monitored by experts back on the Earth. With possible future missions to Mars predicted to last three years, tensions within the crew could become heightened. There was a case of this where a colleague threatened to open the airlock and drain the oxygen from the spacecraft. 29 Developing new techniques and technology to support astronauts' health will enable more ambitious future missions. __5__. The Canadian Space Agency is using its expertise to improve health care for people living in remote regions. The technology that supports robots used in space is now being used in surgery in normal hospitals, while pressure suits are being used to treat post­pregnancy complications. 30 A．Unlucky for him, but very lucky for scientists who want to see what effects spending an extended time in space has on the human body B．Due to this technical fault, Frank Rubiales has to overcome more difficulties C．It's not just physical health that is affected by being in space D．Enough sleep is exceptionally important E．It can also help those of us who are staying on the Earth F．Weightlessness caused by a lack of gravity can lead to a loss of bone and muscle mass G．This means that avoiding sleep deprivation is a challenge 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了太空生活对人类身心健康的影响和应对措施，强调了新技术对支持宇航员健康的重要性。 31 解析：根据设空前“Astronaut Frank Rubiales has returned to ... from returning as planned.”可知，Frank Rubiales (弗兰克·鲁比亚莱斯)在太空的时间比原计划长。A项(对他来说是不幸的，但对那些想看到长时间在太空对人体有什么影响的科学家来说是非常幸运的)承接上文。故选A。 1.答案：A 解析：根据设空前“Being in space can affect both physical and mental health.”可知，太空生活对宇航员的身心都有影响。F项(由于缺乏重力而导致的失重会导致骨骼和肌肉的流失)承接上文，具体介绍太空生活对宇航员身体的影响。故选F。 2.答案：F 解析：第二段介绍了太空生活对宇航员身体的影响；设空后“Our mental health can be damaged if we don't get enough sleep.”表明睡眠不足会导致心理问题。C项(在太空中受影响的不仅仅是身体健康)承上启下。故选C。 3.答案：C 解析：根据设空前“On the Earth, our bodies ... 16 sunsets and sunrises every day.”可知，地球上日出和日落会帮助我们入睡，但是国际空间站上的宇航员每天能看到多次日落和日出。G项(这意味着避免睡眠不足是一个挑战)承接上文。故选G。 4.答案：G 解析：根据设空前“Developing new techniques ... more ambitious future missions.(开发支持宇航员健康的新技术将使得未来的任务更加雄心勃勃。)”以及设空后“The Canadian Space Agency ... post­pregnancy complications.”可知，开发新技术不仅有助于宇航员，也有助于地球上的普通人。E项(它也可以帮助我们这些留在地球上的人)承上启下。故选E。 5.答案：E R $$