（十四）题组54-【金版教程】2026年高考英语一轮总复习首选用卷课件PPT

WELCOME UNIT 第一部分　“高考话题” 题型组合练 (十四)宇宙探索 题组54 Ⅰ　阅读 (2025· 陕西省高三高考适应性检测)For thousands of years, people around the world have told myths about the Moon and how it came into being. Now, new research has revealed that the Moon is 40 million years older than scientists thought it was. The latest data suggests that it formed around 4.46 billion years ago. Many scientists believe that the Moon formed after a planet the size of Mars, called Theia, collided (碰撞) with the Earth. This caused magma to blast out into space. The magma cooled into solid rocks that started orbiting the Earth in rings, like Saturn has. Gradually, those rocks clumped (聚集) together to form the Moon. 2 Scientists worked out how old the Moon is by studying rocks gathered from the surface in 1972—the last time humans set foot on the Moon. Astronauts collected the samples using a lunar rake, dragging it through the dust on the surface to collect rocks that were between one and three centimetres wide. The samples contained zircon crystals, a type of mineral that would have formed after the Earth and Theia collided and the magma cooled down. Scientists have studied the samples before but a new scanning technique, called“atom probe tomography” ， helped them to study the crystals in more detail and calculate the Moon's age more accurately. 3 The Moon is important because it affects things on the Earth, such as tides, seasons and weather. Life on the Earth was only possible after the Moon had formed, so scientists want to learn more about when it happened. Professor Philip Heck, who worked on the study, said, “It's a part of our natural system that we want to better understand.” Before NASA landed astronauts on the Moon in the 1960s and 1970s, there were other theories about how the Moon formed. One suggested that the Moon was floating through space and was captured by the Earth's gravity. Another said that the Earth started spinning so quickly that some bits of it broke off and went into orbit. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于月球形成的新研究。 4 1．What's the purpose of the research? A．To know more about the Earth. B．To find out how the Moon formed. C．To work out how the astronauts landed on the Moon. D．To study the rocks gathered from the surface of the Moon. 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，几千年来，世界各地的人们都在讲述月球的神话及它是如何形成的。新的研究表明，月球比科学家之前认为的要老4，000万年。最新数据显示，它形成于大约44.6亿年前。由此可推知，研究的目的是通过月球形成的时间找出月球是如何形成的。故选B。 2．What does the underlined word “ This ” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The collision. B．Theia. C．The Earth. D．The size of Mars. 解析：指代判断题。根据画线词上文“Many scientists believe ... collided (碰撞) with the Earth.(许多科学家认为，月球是在一颗火星大小的行星Theia与地球相撞后形成的。)”及画线词所在句句意(这次碰撞导致岩浆喷射到太空中。)可推知，“This”指的是前文提到的“Theia与地球相撞”这一事件，即“碰撞”。故选A。 3．What is the latest belief of the Moon's formation? A．It is the result of collision of two planets. B．It was dragged to its location by the Earth's gravity. C．It was shaped by the bits which broke off the Earth. D．It crashed into space by accident. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Many scientists believe ... collided (碰撞) with the Earth.”可知，目前关于月球形成的最新观点是，它是两颗行星(地球和Theia)碰撞的结果。故选A。 4．What are the major effects the Moon has on the Earth? A．Daytime and directions. B．Weather and geography. C．Seasons and tides. D．Weights and lives. 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The Moon is important because it affects things on the Earth, such as tides, seasons and weather.”可知，月球对地球的主要影响包括潮汐、季节和天气。故选C。 (2025·吉林省长春市朝阳区长春外国语学校高三期中)Imagine being able to use energy from the sun all the time, even when it's night. That's the idea that scientists at Caltech (California Institute of Technology)are exploring. They're working on collecting sunlight in space and sending its energy to the Earth. Caltech's scientists have created a special tool for this project. They call it MAPLE. MAPLE and two other devices are part of a project that was sent into space in January, 2023. MAPLE's job is to test the idea of sending energy wirelessly from space to the Earth. We're used to using wires to move electrical energy from one place to another. But sending energy without wires is a lot trickier. 9 The method used by Caltech's scientists depends on the way waves act when they meet. Imagine two waves coming together as they travel in the same direction. If the tops of the waves line up, they combine to make a bigger wave. But if the top of one wave lines up with the low point of the other, the waves cancel each other out. The Caltech team has found a way to control the timing of lots of microwaves so that they can combine their power, and focus the energy in one direction. It's a little like using a magnifying (放大的) glass to focus sunlight into a small, hot point of light. To prove that the system could work, MAPLE sent energy to two devices just 30 centimeters away in space. This energy was then turned into electricity, which made two small lights light up. Next, MAPLE sent energy all the way down to a lab at Caltech. The scientists were able to detect the energy, proving that it's possible to send solar energy to the Earth from space. 10 Dr Hajimiri, one of the project's leaders, thinks that one day, the system could be extremely useful, bringing energy to places that need it, all over the world. He believes that in the future, we'll be able to send energy to remote regions and areas destroyed by war or natural disaster. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加州理工学院的科学家创造了一个特殊工具MAPLE从太空中收集阳光并将其能量发送回地球，并解释了MAPLE如何通过控制微波的时机来聚焦能量。 11 5．What is the challenge in Caltech's project with MAPLE? A．Solar energy detection. B．Wireless energy delivery. C．Sending devices into space. D．Using wires to move electricity. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“MAPLE's job is ... without wires is a lot trickier.(MAPLE的任务是测试从太空向地球无线发送能量的想法。我们习惯于用电线把电能从一个地方传输到另一个地方。但是在没有电线的情况下传输能量要棘手得多。)”可知，MAPLE的挑战是无线能量传输。故选B。 6．How does the Caltech team concentrate solar power? A．By changing the way microwaves act. B．By magnifying waves coming together. C．By controlling the timing of microwaves. D．By lining up the waves in opposite directions. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Caltech team has found a way ... in one direction.(加州理工学院的研究小组已经找到了一种方法来控制大量微波的时间，这样它们就可以结合它们的能量，并将能量集中在一个方向上。)”可知，加州理工学院的团队通过控制微波的时间来集中太阳能。故选C。 7．What potential benefit could the system bring in the future according to Dr Hajimiri? A．Warning people of natural disasters. B．Turning solar energy into electricity. C．Providing a solution to energy shortages. D．Sending energy to regions in urgent need. 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，Hajimiri (哈吉米里)博士认为这个系统会把能源带到世界各地需要它的地方。他相信，在未来，我们将能够向偏远地区和被战争或自然灾害摧毁的地区输送能源。故选D。 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Use of Solar Energy in Space Exploration B．The Challenges of Generating Energy Without Wires C．The Development of a New Tool for Collecting Electricity D．The Possibility of Sending Energy Wirelessly from Space to Earth 解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了使用加州理工学院科学家创造的特殊工具MAPLE从太空向地球无线传输能源的可能性，D项(从太空向地球无线传输能量的可能性)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。 Ⅱ　语法填空 (2025·吉林省珲春市第二高级中学高三一模)Chang'e­5 was a landmark space mission for China, as it was the first time our country __1__ (collect) samples from the Moon. The Chang'e­5 mission is the first collection of Moon samples in 40 years, and fittingly Chang'e­5 __2__ (name) after the Chinese Moon goddess. It turned out that history was also being made with this voyage behind the scenes. Behind China's landmark lunar mission is a dedicated team of scientists, one of whom is the __3__ (young) space commander ever. 24­year­old Zhou Chengyu was responsible for managing the rocket connector system. __4__ (know) as “Big Sister” by colleagues as a mark of respect, the commander has become an Internet celebrity in China. 16 It is because of her achievements __5__ the Guizhou Province native has attracted great attention from the press and public. __6__ (amaze), that has also made some people jokingly re­evaluate their achievements. However, the record­breaking commander does not appear __7__ (interest) in her new­found fame. As __8__ matter of fact, in order to focus on her important work Zhou Chengyu has turned __9__ many interviews. Now, Zhou Chengyu is focused on her work, but given the __10__ (excite) around this mission and her achievements, it seems that she will have fans for life. 17 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5．________　 6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。随着嫦娥五号成功带回月球样本，中国最年轻的连接器系统女指挥官周承钰受到了人们的关注。 18 解析：考查动词的时态。固定句式it was the first time (that) ... had done意为“那是……第一次做某事”，从句谓语用过去完成时。故填had collected。 1.答案：had collected 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处为and连接的两个并列分句，第二个分句中主语Chang'e－5与name之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，此处表示以中国月亮女神的名字命名，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，助动词应用is。be named after 意为“以……命名”，为固定搭配。故填is named。 2.答案：is named 解析：考查形容词的最高级。句意：在中国具有里程碑意义的月球任务背后，是一支敬业的科学家团队，其中一人是有史以来最年轻的太空指挥官。根据句中的ever及句意可知，此处应用形容词的最高级。故填youngest。 3.答案：youngest 解析：考查非谓语动词。the commander与know之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，且位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Known。 4.答案：Known 解析：考查强调句。句意：正是由于她的成就，这位贵州人引起了媒体和公众的极大关注。此处为It is/was ... that ... 构成的强调句型，强调原因状语because of her achievements。故填that。 5.答案：that 解析：考查词性转换。句意：令人惊讶的是，这也让一些人开玩笑地重新评估他们的成就。设空处在句中作状语，修饰全句，意为“令人惊讶地”，应用副词，且位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Amazingly。 6.答案：Amazingly 解析：考查词性转换。句意：然而，这位破纪录的指挥官似乎对她新获得的名声并不感兴趣。设空处在句中作表语，说明commander的心理感受，应用形容词interested。故填interested。 7.答案：interested 解析：考查冠词。句意：事实上，为了专注于她的重要工作，周承钰拒绝了许多采访。as a matter of fact意为“事实上”，为固定搭配。故填a。 8.答案：a 解析：考查介词。turn down意为“拒绝”，为固定搭配。 故填down。 9.答案： down 解析：考查词性转换。设空处作given的宾语，应用不可数名词excitement。故填excitement。 10.答案：excitement R $$