（十三）题组51-【金版教程】2026年高考英语一轮总复习首选用卷课件PPT

WELCOME UNIT 第一部分　“高考话题” 题型组合练 (十三)环境保护与自然灾害 题组51 Ⅰ　阅读 (2025·山东省济南第一中学高三期中)In the summer of 2021, wildfires caused a disaster on an Italian island, burning over 69，000 acres of land and displacing thousands. The Montiferru region, badly affected by the fires, is testing out a new warning system for wildfires, developed by a German company called Dryad. Due to climate change, the number of extreme wildfire events is expected to increase up to 14% by 2030. Apart from billions of dollars of damage they cause, the chemicals they produce are strong pollutants and in 2023, wildfires gave out a record 1.76 billion metric tons of carbon in the atmosphere—equal to more than double Germany's yearly CO2 emissions. 2 Existing early warning systems are based on the visual detection of smoke, either through satellite imaging, cameras on the ground or human observers. “But these systems are too dilatory. In order to generate smoke that can be seen from a distance of, say, 10 to 20 miles, the fire has to be very big—you might already have half a football field on fire underneath. Then, if you add the time for firefighters to arrive at the scene, it may have become too big to be put out at all，” said Dryad's co­founder and CEO, Carsten Brinkschulte. 3 Dryad aims to reduce the detection time of wildfires and catch them early. To do so, the company has designed a solar­powered sensor fitted with a gas detector. “It can detect hydrogen, carbon monoxide, etc. Think of it like an electronic nose that you attach to a tree，” says Brinkschulte. Once the sensor detects a fire, it sends out a signal which is then sent to the Internet by satellite and 4G. Finally, what the forest managers get is an alarm with the exact GPS location of the sensor that picked up the fire. 4 So far, Dryad has tested 300 sensors across Europe and plans to make 230，000 units next year. “Our goal is to set up 120 million of them by 2030, which would be able to save 3.9 million hectares of forest from burning and prevent 1.7 billion metric tons of CO2, from reaching the atmosphere，” says Brinkschulte. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种由德国公司Dryad开发的新的森林火灾预警系统，以及该系统的工作原理、优势和未来计划。 5 1．What do the facts mentioned in Paragraph 2 mainly show? A．The danger of wildfire pollutants. B．The climate change over the years. C．The environmental stress from wildfires. D．The problem of CO2 emissions in Europe. 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，本段数据主要体现了由于气候变化，野火事件的增加幅度，造成的经济损失以及释放的污染物质数量，由此可推知，这些数据主要强调了野火给环境带来的压力。故选C。 2．What does the underlined word “dilatory” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Slow. B．Distant. C．Wasteful. D．Expensive. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句后的“In order to ... a football field on fire underneath.”可知，现有的早期预警系统存在一些问题，在火势大到一定程度时才能启动，即它们反应太慢。由此可推知，画线词dilatory意为“缓慢的”，与slow同义。故选A。 3．How does the new warning system operate? A．By putting out the fire directly in its early stages. B．By smelling the fire and reporting its location. C．By forecasting the weather to prevent the fire. D．By going around the forest to check the fire. 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，新的预警系统是通过传感器检测到火灾后，发送信号到互联网，然后森林管理者收到包含精确GPS位置的警报，即该系统是通过“嗅到”火灾并报告其准确位置来运作的。故选B。 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The system has great possibilities for use. B．Europe especially suffers from wildfires. C．The system needs further improvement. D．Climate change will deepen wildfires. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Dryad公司已经在欧洲进行了测试，并计划在未来大量生产这种传感器，且设定了远大的目标。由此可推知，该系统有很大的使用可能性。故选A。 Ⅱ　完形填空 (2025·九省联考高三联考)Children are not often invited to address the United Nations General Assembly (联合国大会). But there stood Felix Finkbeiner, with a(n) __1__ question about climate change. “We children know that adults are __2__ the climate challenges and that they have the solutions，” he said. “ But we don't understand why there is so little __3__．” Before his speech, Finkbeiner had been __4__ a remarkable environmental campaign for four years and it has since __5__ into a global network of children working to __6__ the earth's warming by reforesting the planet. Most of them are between the ages 9 and 12. 10 The reforesting effort could be traced to a fourth grade school __7__ in Finkbeiner's hometown. The topic was climate change. In his report, Finkbeiner __8__ to plant one million trees in Germany. Finkbeiner's teacher was deeply impressed with the idea and asked him to __9__ his report to other students and the headmaster. Of course, no one __10__ anything to come out of it. But two months later, he planted his first tree, an unimpressive apple tree, near the entrance to his school. His campaign was a __11__ and had a dramatic close. By the time he delivered his __12__ at the UN in New York in 2011, at the age of 13, Germany had planted its millionth tree. 11 “If I had known then how much international media coverage that apple tree would __13__，” he says now, a little __14__， “I would have insisted my mother buy a more __15__ one.” 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Felix Finkbeiner(菲力克斯·芬克贝涅)为解决环境问题而种树的故事。 12 1．A．easy B．political C．serious D．awkward 解析：easy容易的；political政治的；serious严肃的；awkward尴尬的。根据后文“We children know that ... there is so little __3__．”可知，气候变化是一个严肃的问题。故选C。 2．A.aware of B．addicted to C．afraid of D．curious about 解析：be aware of意识到；be addicted to沉溺于；be afraid of害怕；be curious about好奇。根据后文“they have the solutions”可知，成年人已经意识到了气候挑战。故选A。 3．A.profit B．action C．water D．luck 解析：profit利润；action行动；water水；luck运气。根据前文“We children know that ... there is so little __3__．”可知，成年人意识到问题，也知道解决办法，但行动远远不够。故选B。 4．A.avoiding B．planning C．advertising D．leading 解析：avoid避免；plan计划；advertise做广告；lead领导。根据后文“a remarkable environmental campaign for four years”可知，Finkbeiner领导了一个了不起的环境运动。故选D。 5．A.expanded B．broken C．run D．looked 解析：expand扩展；break打破；run跑；look看。根据后文“into a global network of children working to __6__ the earth's warming by reforesting the planet”可知，Finkbeiner领导的环境运动已扩展为一个全球儿童网络。故选A。 6．A.record B．know C．slow D．measure 解析：record记录；know知道；slow减缓；measure测量。根据后文“the earth's warming by reforesting the planet”可知，全球儿童网络致力于通过重新造林来减缓地球变暖。故选C。 7．A.play B．assignment C．accident D．object 解析：play游戏；assignment作业；accident事故；object对象。根据后文“Finkbeiner's teacher was deeply ... other students and the headmaster”可知，重新造林的努力可以追溯到Finkbeiner四年级的一项作业。故选B。 8．A.declined B．pretended C．started D．promised 解析：decline下降；pretend假装；start开始；promise承诺。根据后文“By the time ... its millionth tree.”可知，Finkbeiner在报告中承诺在德国种植100万棵树。故选D。 9．A.mail B．donate C．present D．sell 解析：mail邮寄；donate捐赠；present呈现，展示；sell卖。根据前文“Finkbeiner's teacher was deeply impressed with the idea and asked him to”可知，Finkbeiner的老师对这个想法印象深刻，让他把报告展示给其他学生和校长看。故选C。 10．A.wanted B．expected C．asked D．needed 解析：want想要；expect期望；ask要求；need需要。根据前文“no one”和后文“anything to come out of it ... near the entrance to his school”可知，没人期望这个植树计划会有什么结果，但Finkbeiner种下了第一棵树，开始了他的行动。故选B。 11．A.disaster B．joke C．show D．hit 解析： disaster灾难；joke玩笑；show演出；hit大受欢迎的人或事。根据后文“had a dramatic close”以及“By the time he delivered his ... had planted its millionth tree.”可知，他的植树运动大受欢迎，获得成功。故选D。 12．A.speech B．tree C．evidence D．package 解析：speech演讲；tree树；evidence证据；package包裹。根据前文“he delivered his”和后文“at the UN in New York in 2011”以及文章开头可知，13岁的Finkbeiner在纽约联合国发表演讲。故选A。 13．A.receive B．miss C．know D．grow 解析：receive收到；miss错过；想念；know知道；grow成长。根据前文“If I had known then how much international media coverage that apple tree would”可知，Finkbeiner种的那棵苹果树收到很多的国际媒体报道。故选A。 14．A.forgetfully B．unwillingly C．apologetically D．regretfully 解析：forgetfully健忘地；unwillingly不情愿地；apologetically抱歉地；regretfully遗憾地。根据后文“I would have insisted my mother buy a more __15__ one”可知，Finkbeiner对没有坚持让母亲买一棵令人印象更深刻的苹果树而感到很遗憾。故选D。 15．A.typical B．impressive C．genuine D．important 解析：typical典型的；impressive令人印象深刻的；genuine真诚的；important重要的。根据前文“an unimpressive apple tree”可知，Finkbeiner很遗憾自己没有坚持让母亲买一棵更令人印象深刻的苹果树。故选B。 Ⅲ　七选五 (2025·四川省四川大学附属中学高三月考)The World Water Day has been celebrated annually on 22 March since 1992.Each year has a different theme, looking at things like the role of clean water in the world of work, ways to stop wasting water, finding ways to supply water to underprivileged groups and so on. __1__ But it is also vital for sanitation (卫生). It is estimated that more than 700 children under the age of seven die every day from illnesses linked to unsafe water and poor sanitation. The right to water and sanitation was recognized as a human right. __2__ These include rural communities, people who have been displaced due to war and local conflicts and areas where climate change is making water more and more scarcer. 28 Apart from the obvious health issues, a lack of accessible clean water means that people—often women and children—spend hours every day walking to and from distant water supplies. This means they don't have time to dedicate to work, studies and other domestic duties. __3__ And people who are not able to walk to get their own water are particularly vulnerable. There are many charities working on creating sustainable supplies of clean water for different communities around the world. __4__ But the fundamental problem of increasing demand for a limited resource can only be addressed by more efficient use of water, especially in industry and agriculture. Waste­water recycling, capturing rainwater, more efficient irrigation techniques and reforestation are all examples of how water can be used more efficiently. 29 __5__ We should support charities, raise awareness, take part in the World Water Day events that are happening all around the world and, of course, be careful with how we use water in our own lives. Visit the UN World Water Day website to find out about an event near us. Follow world water day on social media and help spread the word about this incredibly important issue. 30 A．Clean drinking water is fundamental. B．As individuals, what can we do to help the issue? C．The search for water becomes their main occupation. D．This important work needs to continue and to expand. E．Every living cell in the body needs water to keep functioning. F．In normal conditions, the human body can only survive three or four days without water. G．However, there are still at least 2.1 billion people around the world living without safe water. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界水日，及世界上很多地区面临的缺水问题，并号召大家节约用水。 31 解析：根据设空后“But it is also vital for sanitation (卫生)．”可知，水在卫生方面也是至关重要的，A项(干净的饮用水是最基本的。)符合语境。故选A。 1.答案：A 解析：根据设空后“These include rural communities ... more and more scarcer.”可知，世界上依然有很多地方缺水。G项(然而，世界上仍然有至少21亿人没有安全的饮用水。)引出后文。故选G。 2.答案：G 解析：根据设空前“This means they ... other domestic duties.”可知，缺水地区的人们没有时间工作和学习。C项(搜寻水是他们的主要工作。)承接前文。故选C。 3.答案：C 解析：根据设空前“There are many charities ... around the world.”可知，有许多慈善机构致力于清洁水的可持续供应，世界上还有很多地方需要干净的水，D项(这项重要的工作需要持续和扩大。)承接前文。故选D。 4.答案：D 解析：根据设空后“We should support ... the World Water Day events”可知，我们需要支持慈善事业，提升意识，参加世界水日的活动。B项(作为个人，我们要做些什么来帮助解决这个问题呢？)引出后文，后文是对这一问题的回答。故选B。 5.答案：B R $$