（十二）题组47-【金版教程】2026年高考英语一轮总复习首选用卷课件PPT

WELCOME UNIT 第一部分　“高考话题” 题型组合练 (十二)国家地理及历史 题组47 Ⅰ　阅读 (2025·重庆巴蜀中学高考适应性月考)Across the flat plateau of AlUla in Saudi Arabia, shades of gray­brown soil are dotted with areas of dark rock—and a clearly defined circle of stones. Unmistakably constructed by humans, this structure, called “standing stone circles” by Archaeologists, was built around 7，500 years ago by a people we barely know for a purpose we have long misunderstood. 2 In 2019, archaeologists from the University of Western Australia began excavating (发掘) these standing stone circles. Their initial idea was that these were structures built by Neolithic nomads (新石器时代的游牧民) for some long­forgotten religious practices. However, excavating at multiple sites, they found what turned out to be archaeological pay dirt—domestic rubbish. The remains of discarded animal bones, household tools, and even jewelry, have reclassified the standing stone circles as Neolithic homes. 3 Standing stone circles seem to have sprung up around 5，800 to 5，500 BC. This coincided with a warmer climate in the region that brought more regular rainfall and a landscape of rich grasses and trees, good conditions for raising cattle and goats. But these were also good conditions for building permanent structures. More abundant vegetation meant less pressure to keep moving the animals to fresh grasslands, which made building homes more worthwhile. This, and the plateau's abundance of stones, may have encouraged the nomads to stay a while and build. 4 Excavations of these settlements are revealing something of this people's way of life. They kept cattle and goats for meat, but continued to hunt and gather to expand their diet with hare, fruits and nuts. The many grinding (磨碎) stones found on the sites suggest inhabitants were regularly grinding grains, but these were likely to be gathered rather than farmed. The plateau sites have also revealed tools made with materials from the sandstone valleys and jewelry shaped from shells from the Red Sea—these Neolithic people had a complex culture involving travel and probably exchange. 5 The revelation overturns many of our assumptions about Neolithic AlUla. Here were a people more settled and more civilized than history has given them credit for. Their story is just beginning to be revealed, but already a very different picture of early AlUla is emerging. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了沙特一处新石器时代的建筑的发现让考古学家对沙特新石器时代的游牧民有了新的认识。 6 1．What did the 2019 excavation finally identify the “standing stone circles” as? A．Religious sites. B．Natural wonders. C．Rubbish stations. D．Domestic buildings. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The remains of ... as Neolithic homes.(被丢弃的动物骨头、家用工具，甚至珠宝，重新将站立的石头圈归类为新石器时代的房屋。)”可知，该建筑是新石器时代游牧民建立的住宅建筑。故选D。 2．What was a contributing factor in the building of the standing stone circles? A．The richness of plants. B．The worsening climate. C．The need to store goods. D．The desire to raise more animals. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“More abundant vegetation ... building homes more worthwhile.”可知，丰富的植被是促进游牧民定居的重要因素。故选A。 3．What is most likely to be known about Neolithic people's way of life in AlUla? A．They had interactions with other groups. B．They planted crops and kept cattle and goats. C．They relied entirely on hunting and gathering for food. D．They made tools and jewelry purely from local materials. 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“these Neolithic people had a complex culture involving travel and probably exchange”可推知，新石器时期的沙特游牧民可能和其他地区的群体有往来。故选A。 4．What is the purpose of the text? A．To promote a historical site. B．To provide some new insights. C．To introduce an ancient population. D．To argue for some long­held beliefs. 解析：推理判断题。本文介绍了沙特一处新石器时代的建筑的发现推翻了考古学家之前对于沙特新石器时代游牧民的设想，让考古学家对该地区游牧民的生活方式有了新的认识。由此可推知，本文的写作目的是提供一些新的见解。故选B。 Ⅱ　完形填空 (2025·江苏省南通如皋市高三期中)Imagining a human being without historical sense is scary. __1__ still is the thought of an entire generation operating from a position of historical ignorance. And yet that is exactly the __2__ in which we find ourselves today. The people and events of history may be __3__ in the past, but how we talk about those things, what we write about them, and how we __4__ them tell us a lot about who we are and what we __5__ right now. Thinking of ourselves as a chapter in an unwritten history book is likely to force deep __6__. Whose stories will we champion? What values will we defend? What models will we offer ensuing (随后的) generations? No other subject helps us to understand so __7__ what it is to be human. 11 But the __8__ isn't entirely surprising given the downgraded status of history in most schools. History is __9__ its place in the curriculum with geography, but its attention to time, place and context is what makes it really __10__. In other words, history doesn't simply tell us how to be good citizens. It __11__ us with the knowledge we need to comprehend our world clearly, and the ability to __12__ it accurately. Clearly, in an age of “fake news”， we need to be __13__ thinkers. There is no better subject than history to develop a(n) __14__ of context and an ability to examine evidence. Just as we anticipate a math curriculum that systematically builds on blocks of knowledge, we should also __15__ a logical history curriculum for our children. 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了历史教育的重要性，呼吁加强历史课程以培养批判性思维和理解能力。 12 1．A．Funnier B．Scarier C．Rarer D．Harder 解析：funnier更滑稽的；scarier更令人害怕的；rarer更罕见的；harder更困难的。根据上文“Imagining a human being without historical sense is scary.”可知，整个一代人都对历史无知会更加让人害怕。故选B。 2．A.situation B．atmosphere C．relationship D．experience 解析：situation情况；atmosphere气氛；relationship关系；experience经验。根据上文“And yet that is exactly the”可知，这正是我们当前所面临的状况。故选A。 3．A.transformed B．rooted C．understood D．absorbed 解析：transform改变；root根植；understand理解；absorb吸收。根据下文“in the past”可知，此处指历史人物和事件根植于过去。故选B。 4．A.compose B．design C．teach D．record 解析：compose创作；design设计；teach教授；record记录。此处是并列的三个主语从句，根据上文“talk”和“write”可知，这里用“教授”更符合语境。故选C。 5．A.abandon B．possess C．witness D．value 解析：句意：历史上的人物和事件可能根植于过去，但我们如何谈论这些事情、我们写什么以及我们如何教授它们告诉我们很多关于我们是谁以及我们现在看重什么的信息。 abandon抛弃； possess拥有；witness见证；value重视。根据句意可知，此处表示我们当前所看重的是什么。故选D。 6．A.self­awareness B．self­control C．self­reflection D．self­management 解析：self­awareness自我意识；self­control自我控制；self­reflection自我反思；self­management自我管理。根据上文“Thinking of ourselves”可知，把自己想象成一本尚未书写的历史书中的一个章节，可能会迫使我们深刻地自我反思。故选C。 7．A.comprehensively B．instantly C．readily D．independently 解析：句意：没有任何其他学科能比历史更全面地帮助我们了解什么是做人。comprehensively全面地；instantly立即；readily容易地；independently独立地。故选A。 8．A.argument B．comment C．conclusion D．ignorance 解析：argument争论；comment评论；conclusion结论；ignorance无知。根据上文“historical ignorance”可知，此处指人们对于历史的无知。故选D。 9．A.getting back B．fighting for C．holding onto D．putting aside 解析：get back回来；fight for争斗；hold onto紧握；put aside放一边。根据下文“its place”可知，历史为其在课程中的位置而争斗。故选B。 10．A.precise B．convincing C．distinct D．boring 解析：precise精确的；convincing令人信服的；distinct明显的，独特的；boring乏味的。根据上文“its attention to time, place and context”可知，此处指历史课程对时间、地点和背景的关注使它相对于其他课程是独特的。故选C。 11．A.equips B．connects C．motivates D．impresses 解析：equip装备；使拥有；connect连接；motivate激励；impress打动。根据上文“tell us how to be good citizens”以及下文“us with the knowledge”可知，历史课程使我们拥有知识。故选A。 12．A.develop B．control C．analyze D．show 解析：句意：它使我们拥有理解清楚世界所需的知识，以及准确分析它的能力。develop发展；control控制；analyze分析；show展示。根据上文“comprehend our world clearly”可知，此处指准确分析世界。故选C。 13．A.leading B．critical C．modern D．optimistic 解析：句意：显然，在“假新闻”时代，我们需要批判性思维者。 leading领先的；critical批判的，苛刻的；modern现代的；optimistic乐观的。故选B。 14．A.appreciation B．evaluation C．vision D．belief 解析：appreciation欣赏；evaluation评价，评估；vision视野，远见；belief信仰。根据上文“__13__ thinkers”以及下文“examine evidence”可知，此处指对背景的鉴赏力。故选A。 15．A.admit B．identify C．follow D．expect 解析：句意：就像我们期望数学课程系统地建立在知识块的基础上一样，我们也应该期待为我们的孩子拥有一个合乎逻辑的历史课程。admit承认；identify鉴定，确定；follow跟随； expect期待。根据上文“anticipate a math curriculum”可知，此处指应期待合乎逻辑的历史课程。故选D。 Ⅲ　七选五 (2025·湖南省永州市第一中学高三月考)Once a year in a small mountain village, the Mande people gather to hear the folk stories of their traditions. The man playing an instrument called Sosso­Bala while singing is the storyteller. He holds all the folk knowledge of the Mande people. Most of us don't have a musical instrument that ties us together, but we have someone in our lives who's the keeper of our folk knowledge. Often it's a grandmother, who keeps all our stories of wisdom ready to tell upon request. __1__ What's the best way to get a baby to sleep? Where do I come from? What's my moral compass? The stories provide an answer, and it's useful to speak with someone who knows how things are done. 28 __2__ Researchers have documented folk knowledge in other species—whales returning to parts of the sea that they'd abandoned a generation before; monkeys that communicate hunting skills to their offspring (后代). Folk knowledge is not only culture, it's also survival. __3__ Traditionally, we share it in small units—families sharing around a dinner table. __4__ Look at any social media, and you'll see folk knowledge at work and at play. It's exploded as we're trained to look for information online, rather than from within. In this case, chances are that our questions can be answered with misinformation. But we don't gather once a year to reality check our “folk stories” as the Mande people do; nor do we center our folk traditions around a musical instrument. The Internet has no reality except its own and, left unchecked, its wisdom has no rhythm (节奏). __5__ 29 A．It's just chaos. B．This is why we do it. C．Human wisdom has been passed down through generations. D．The stories can be useful for dealing with all sorts of doubts. E．Nowadays, folk knowledge has expanded to digital networks. F．Now the Internet has made valuable folk wisdom at your fingertips. G．Recently, we discovered that this very human practice isn't limited to humans. 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过曼德人的事例，谈论了文化知识的传承。 30 解析：上文“Often it's a grandmother, who keeps all our stories of wisdom ready to tell upon request.”提到祖母会给孩子们讲智慧故事，D项(这些故事可以用来解决各种各样的疑问。)承接上文，说明这些故事的作用。故选D。 1.答案：D 解析：下文“Researchers have documented ... hunting skills to their offspring (后代)．”说明其他物种也具备把知识技能传给下一代的行为，G项(最近，我们发现这种人类特有的行为并不局限于人类。)引出下文。故选G。 2.答案：G 解析：上文“Folk knowledge is not only culture, it's also survival.”说明知识传承是非常重要的，B项(这就是我们这么做的原因。)总结上文，说明我们要传承的原因。故选B。 3.答案：B 解析：上文“Traditionally, we share it in small units—families sharing around a dinner table.”介绍了知识传播分享的传统形式，下文“Look at any ... and at play.”提到民间知识在社交媒体上传播，因此，E项(如今，民间知识已经扩展到数字网络。)承上启下，引出现在知识传承的新形式。故选E。 4.答案：E 解析：上文“The Internet has no reality except its own and, left unchecked, its wisdom has no rhythm (节奏)．”说明如果互联网不加以控制，它的智慧就没有节奏，A项(那就是一片混乱。)承接上文。故选A。 5.答案：A R $$