（一）题组3-【金版教程】2026年高考英语一轮总复习首选用卷课件PPT

WELCOME UNIT 第一部分　“高考话题” 题型组合练 (一)认识自我、丰富自我、 完善自我 题组3 Ⅰ　阅读 (2025·江西省南昌市东湖区第二中学高三期中)Picture this: you are running late to drop your kids off at school in the morning. On top of this, it is pouring rain outside. While you are driving down the highway, another car cuts you off. You begin to think they must be a rude person who is also a terrible driver. A couple of minutes later, you, yourself accidentally cut off someone. You inform yourself your action is a result of the fact that you are late for your child's drop­off and you cannot see well because of the rain. Why is it that we automatically assume others' negative actions are a result of who they are as a person while giving ourselves excuses? The actor­observer bias (偏差) is an explanation for this confusing phenomenon. 2 When you explain someone's behavior based on internal factors, like assuming the person who cuts you off is a rude person, but attributing (把……归因于) your own behavior to external situational factors, you are engaging in the actor­observer bias. So why does the actor­observer effect occur? The general explanation is that it occurs as a defense mechanism for maintaining high personal dignity. We would rather believe that our faults come from factors we cannot control because then we cannot change them and it is easier for us to accept the outcome. 3 The actor­observer bias is the cause of many arguments between the actor and the observer as a result of a misunderstanding of the effect of external and internal factors. How can we stop thinking this way and become more sympathetic to the people around us? This is where it gets tricky because the observer's internal attributions are an automatic process which means they occur almost immediately and unconsciously (无意识地)． 4 In order to become more sympathetic towards surrounding people in situations, we must make the attributions a controlled process. A controlled process is when the observer purposely focuses attention on something and is consciously aware of the process, unlike an automatic process. Knowing what the actor­observer effect is and how it can influence your own attributions is a good step toward becoming more sympathetic and kinder to people you interact with. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“行为者—观察者偏差”概念，即人们往往会将他人负面的行为归因于其个人特质，而将自己的相同行为归因于外部情境。作者指出了如何克服这种偏差，变得更加同情和善待他人。 5 1．How would we define the other driver's behavior in Paragraph 1? A．An emotional outburst. B．A display of bad manners. C．A moment of carelessness. D．An unavoidable circumstance. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Picture this ... a rude person who is also a terrible driver.(想象一下：早上你送孩子上学迟到了。除此之外，外面还下着倾盆大雨。当你在高速公路上行驶时，另一辆车突然插到你的前面。你开始想，这个人一定很粗鲁，而且驾驶技术很差。)”可知，我们常常会将突然变道超车的司机定义为一个粗鲁的人，一个糟糕的司机。故选B。 2．How might an observer be more considerate to an actor's actions? A．By focusing on the situational factors. B．By making the attribution process automatic. C．By attributing these actions to internal factors. D．By imagining themselves in the same situations. 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“When you explain someone's behavior ... you are engaging in the actor­observer bias.(当你基于内部因素解释某人的行为，比如认为插队的人是粗鲁的，但却将自己的行为归因于外部情境因素时，你就陷入了行为者—观察者偏差。)”可知，“行为者—观察者效应”的无意识归因是观察者将行为者的行为归因到其内部因素上。由此可推知，观察者可以通过关注情境因素，即外部因素，来理解行为者的行为。 故选A。 3．Why do we fall for the actor­observer bias? A．To safeguard our self­image. B．To avoid arguments with others. C．To promote sympathy towards others. D．To ensure fairness in interpersonal interactions. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“So why does the actor­observer effect occur ... to accept the outcome.(那么为什么行为者—观察者效应会发生呢？一般的解释是，它是一种维护个人尊严的防御机制。我们宁愿相信我们的错误来自我们无法控制的因素，因为这样我们就无法改变它们，也更容易接受结果。)”可知，为了维护我们的自尊，我们陷入了一种防御机制，落入了“行为者—观察者偏差”的陷阱。故选A。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Why we repeat our mistakes B．How we can stop blaming others C．What is the science of social justice D．Why we always ignore our own faults 解析：标题判断题。文章介绍了“行为者—观察者偏差”概念，即人们往往会将他人负面的行为归因于其个人特质，而将自己的相同行为归因于外部情境，分析了其出现的原因，导致的后果，并提出了克服这种偏差的方法。D项(为什么我们总是会忽视自己的错误)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。 (2025·四川省内江市第六中学高三第二次月考)After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance: curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together. Together, these deep human urges count for much more than ambition. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “Why? Why? Why？” 12 Fortunately, curiosity and discontent don't have to be learned. We are born with them and need only recapture them. “The great man，” said Mencius (孟子), “is he who does not lose his child's heart.” Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires only the calm and restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied. Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation. But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake. 13 How should you start? Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldn't arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it. Now she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement. One way to begin is to answer your own excuses. You haven't any special ability? Most people don't; there are only a few geniuses. You haven't any time? That's good, because it's always the people with no time who get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Tom's Cabin while cooking. You're too old? Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78. 14 However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you'll never be more alive than you are at this moment. 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了获得成就的两个关键因素——好奇心和不满足。 15 5．In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ________． A．propose a definition B．make a comparison C．reach a conclusion D．present an argument 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“After years of observing human nature ... The two belong together.(经过多年对人性的观察，我认为成就卓越的人和平庸之人的区别在于两种品质：好奇心和不满足。我从未见过一个杰出的人缺乏这两种品质。我从未见过一个普通人同时拥有这两者。这两者是一体的。)”结合下文对好奇心和不满足这两个因素对成功的作用可推知，作者写第一段的目的是提出一个论点。故选D。 6．What can you do to recapture curiosity and discontent? A．Observe the unknown around you. B．Develop a questioning mind. C．Lead a life of adventure. D．Follow the fashion. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Like Galileo ... ‘Why? Why? Why？’”以及第四段中的“The great man ... We just follow the crowd.”可知，你可以通过培养一个善于提问的头脑，来重新获得好奇心和不满足。故选B。 7．What can we learn from Paragraphs 6 and 7? A．Gaining success helps you become an expert. B．The genius tends to get things done creatively. C．Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking no action. D．You should remain modest when approaching perfection. 解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Now she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement.”和倒数第二段中的“You haven't any special ability ... the people with no time who get things done.”以及列举了Thomas Costain (托马斯·科斯塔)在57岁时出版了他的第一部小说，Grandma Moses (摩西奶奶)在78岁时展示了她的第一批照片可推知，这两段想告诉我们“缺乏天赋和时间不是不采取行动的理由”。故选C。 8．What could be the best title for the passage? A．Curious Minds Never Feel Contented B．Reflections on Human Nature C．The Keys to Achievement D．Never Too Late to Learn 解析：标题判断题。本文主要论述了获得成就的两个关键因素——好奇心和不满足，由此可知，C项(成就的关键)最适合作为文章标题。故选C。 (2025·重庆市西南大学附属中学高三阶段性检测(二))When Chloe Chong thinks back to her childhood, her 6­year­old self would never have dared to dream she would be where she is now. This weekend the 16­year­old will be competing at the United States Grand Prix in Austin, Texas, as part of the F1 Academy support race. Chloe's decision to start racing came about when she was as young as five. She always wanted to go into a car, and that eventually happened when she begged and begged her parents, who weren't into racing, really. “We once watched F1 together and that brought about a passion for sport in me，” recalled Chloe. Chloe did think about 21 going straight into the F1 big league, but her dad reminded her of the hard work needed along the way. That's how she started in karting (卡丁车运动) on the track where Lewis Hamilton, her hero, began, as all champions do. But moving from karting to racing cars has been a massive adjustment. The former builds the rhythm and the overtaking while there's just a whole different level of detail about racing cars, which causes not only a lot more analysis but more communications with the engineer and the team. Nevertheless, more strategy is what Chloe thinks the biggest adjustment for her and probably the hardest part that has taken the most time. 22 At 16, Chloe is too young to legally drive on British roads but has been flying along at 150 mph in her F1 Academy car on the track this year. Chloe's aims for the season were just to complete races, but after finishing sixth in her first race she created a really progressive moment that will live with her forever. The race in Texas this weekend is the only support race for the F1 Academy, but that will change from next year with the all­female junior category holding all its rounds as support races for it. Chloe feels these types of moves in motorsport are a massive step forward for women, especially in terms of budgets, which, she thinks, is one of the biggest challenges. 23 篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了16岁女孩Chloe Chong (克洛依·钟)实现了自己的赛车梦，她即将参加得克萨斯州的F1学院支持赛。 24 9．What caused Chloe to start racing? A．Her father's permission. B．Her parents' passion. C．Awakened desire in her. D．Lewis Hamilton's encouragement. 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Chloe's decision ... who weren't into racing, really.”可知，Chloe在5岁时喜欢上赛车，她一直想要加入赛车运动，由此可推知，是Chloe自己内心的渴望促使她开始赛车运动。故选C。 10．What is the most difficult for Chloe from karting to racing cars? A．Devoting most time. B．Navigating a strategy­centered shift. C．Being faster and more rhythmic. D．Making analysis and communications. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Nevertheless, more strategy ... that has taken the most time.(然而，更多的策略是克洛依认为对她来说最大的调整，也可能是耗时最多的最困难的部分。)”可知，Chloe从卡丁车运动转向赛车的最大困难在于：她需要适应以策略为中心的转变。故选B。 11．Which of the following best describes Chloe? A．Determined and devoted. B．Generous and adventurous. C．Economical and practical. D．Responsible and agreeable. 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Chloe's decision ... who weren't into racing, really.”可知，Chloe在5岁时就决定开始赛车，并且为了实现这一愿望，她不断地恳求父母，最终得偿所愿，由此可推知，她是一个有决心的人；根据第二段中的“Chloe did think about ... as all champions do.”和倒数第二段中的“At 16, Chloe is too young ... on the track this year.”可知，Chloe从5岁到16岁都在坚持自己的赛车梦想，尽管她因为年龄原因不能上路行驶，但她一直在赛道上练习驾驶。由此可推知，她是一个对赛车全心全意的人。故选A。 12．What is Chloe's attitude towards women's motorsport? A．Realistic. B．Pessimistic. C．Idealistic. D．Optimistic. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Chloe feels these types of moves ... is one of the biggest challenges.(克洛依认为，赛车运动中的这些行动对女性来说是一个巨大的进步，尤其是在预算方面，她认为这是最大的挑战之一。)”可推知，她对女性赛车运动持乐观的态度。故选D。 Ⅱ　应用文写作 (2025·四川省名校联盟高三大联考)你校英语报面向高三学生举办征文活动，请你以“Journey to Adulthood”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．高三对个人成长和发展的重要性； 2．如何面对即将到来的毕业与独立的挑战。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 29 Journey to Adulthood ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ 30 [精彩范文] Journey to Adulthood Senior year of high school is a vital time for personal growth and development. It is a period when we transition from teenagers to young adults. This year teaches us the importance of responsibility and time management. Facing academic challenges, such as preparing for college entrance exams, requires dedication and hard work. Additionally, we begin to experience more independence, making decisions about our future. We should think critically about our goals and aspirations. Balancing studies with personal life can be tough, but it helps us become more mature and self­reliant. These experiences shape us into stronger individuals, ready for the next stage of life. 31 Ⅲ　读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2025·吉林省长春市朝阳区长春外国语学校高三期中)I had been swimming competitively for five years but after such a long time, I was ready to quit. I was often the only African American at the swimming competitions and our team couldn't afford good uniforms. However, my number­one reason for wanting to quit was that I kept receiving “Honorable Mentions (荣誉奖)”. Any athlete knows that you don't want to have a bookshelf full of “Honorable Mentions”， which you get just because you showed up. 32 One summer's day, the day before a big swim meeting, I decided to tell my grandma that I was quitting the swim team. When I told her, she looked me in the eye and said, “Baby, remember these words ‘Quitters never win and winners never quit.’ Your grandmother didn't raise losers or quitters. You go to that meeting tomorrow, and you swim like you are a grandchild of mine, you hear？” I was too afraid to say anything but “Yes, ma'am.” The next day we arrived at the swim meeting late, missing my group of swimmers in the 15/16 age group. My coach insisted I should be allowed to swim with the older group. I knew she expected me to take part. 33 As I mounted the board, all the other girls looked at me. I quickly noticed that these girls were all here to do just one thing—beat me. All of a sudden, my grandma's words rang in my head, “Quitters never win and winners never quit. You swim like you are a grandchild of mine.” “Yes, Grandma, I will swim like I am a grandchild of yours，” I said to myself. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 34 The match began! I swam harder than I had ever swum before. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ It was then that I heard the claps and cheers around me. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ 35 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者已经参加了五年的游泳比赛，却一直获得“荣誉奖”，所以在一次大型游泳比赛前作者决定退出比赛并把这件事告诉了奶奶，奶奶告诉作者放弃者永远不会成功，成功者永远不会放弃，于是作者去参加了比赛，比赛过程是怎样的？比赛结果如何？ 36 [精彩范文] The match began! I swam harder than I had ever swum before. After the first turn, I was surprised to find that I had a half­body length lead over other girls. However, they soon sped up and narrowed the gap. Halfway through the race, the girl to my left almost drew level with me, while I already began to feel tired. At that moment, the powerful words of my grandma echoed again in my ears, “Quitters never win and winners never quit.” I waved my arms and legs to keep swimming and used every last bit of strength to swim the last 50 meters. As soon as I touched the wall, I looked at the screen, waiting anxiously for the result. 37 It was then that I heard the claps and cheers around me. I saw my time on the screen but could hardly believe it—mine was at the top of the list! My coach ran to me and hugged me tightly when I got out of the water. Narrow victory as it was, I did win my first real trophy that day. Everything felt like a dream as I stood on the winner's podium, weeping tears of joy. Back at home, I delightedly replaced the “Honorable Mention” on my shelf with the new trophy. “Yes, grandma, you're right. Quitters never win and winners never quit.” 38 R $$