精品解析：广东省惠州市东江高级中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷

惠州市东江高级中学2024-2025学年高二第二学期期中考试 英语试卷 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Frequently Asked Questions about London Theatres London has a world-leading theatre scene, and it’s particularly strong when it comes to family shows. Read the FAQ to make your family theatre trip a pleasant one. Can children go to all theatres? Most shows are suitable for people aged 12 or older. Some productions might have material that is too mature for younger theatregoers. However, there are also fantastic family shows which are appropriate for all ages, or which are specifically aimed at kids. Are children booster seats available? Some theatres, though not all, provide booster seats-for example, Nederlander theatres rent height-adjustable seats for £1 if you ask a member of staff. They are available on a first-come, first-served basis. Some venues will also have height restrictions so that audience sitting behind you can still see. Are there frequent breaks throughout the duration of a performance? If it’s a show for a general audience, there will usually be one or two intervals based on the running time. Most shows designed specifically for younger audiences will have short running times, like an hour or less. Can I bring my own snacks and drinks into the theatre? Most theatres won’t allow you to bring your own snacks and drinks. They sell food and drink in the theatre and that’s part of how they bring in profit. If you have concerns about dietary requirements, you can contact the theatre beforehand to make arrangements. Find all the latest recommendations and more information about the rules on Telegraph Tickets, or check with the box office. 1. Where is the text probably from? A. A theatre guide. B. A drama review. C. A show advertisement. D. A performance schedule. 2. Which best describes booster seats? A. Found in every theatre. B. Provided free of charge. C. Required by safety rules. D. Offered in limited number. 3. What are the theatres’ concerns behind their food policies? A. Financial gain. B. Food safety. C. Cleaning cost. D. Audience experience. B There are decisions we take on instinct, without even realising we are taking them. Two years ago, I left Germany to do volunteering work. I had a couple of disappointing experiences and a boring job in front of me. It was time to go. I found an interesting contact in a small village in Portugal. In exchange for room and board, I would be working with animals in a residence that hosted families with disabled people. And there I went, with just a backpack I was ready to jump into a new adventure. There, I cared for the pets living next to the residents, cleaning their yard, preparing food and caring for them. Within a month I was in charge of all the other volunteers and the organization of the daily work. After 5 months, I left again and moved to Catalonia, in Spain, to live with an Irish family. They offered a roof and food on the passage of their house for abandoned animals I helped care for. During both experiences, I had the chance to discover beautiful little towns and lovely villages. In Portugal, I walked on the coastline and explored those little towns on the top of the dry hills. In Spain I visited Barcelona multiple times, discovering little by little all its corners. Sometimes, my volunteering experience was complicated. I didn’t speak any Portuguese and only a bit of Spanish. But life out there was simple. It was so different from what I used to call “home” before! Going back to previous habits took me time. If you’re wondering if an international volunteering year gap is worth it, despite the uncertain future and the social pressure, I say: go for it. Believe me, in various ways, you will be sure to return transformed, perhaps even improved to a superior version of your former self. With a bit of luck, you may also discover a new career path. 4. Why did the author choose to leave Germany to do volunteering work? A. To make a change. B. To gain living skills. C. To broaden his horizon. D. To add working experience. 5. What did the author mainly do during his trip? A. Running an organization. B. Attending to animals. C. Taking care of the disabled. D. Preparing food for volunteers. 6. Which of the following can best describe the author’s trip? A. Simple. B. Romantic. C. Adventurous. D. Rewarding. 7. Which of the following can be the best title? A. Instinct, a key step for new career B. Backpacking, a jump to a new adventure C. Gap year, an escape from the reality D. Volunteering, a journey of self-discovery C Wildfires are getting worse across the world. Twenty-one years of satellite data shows severe fires have more than doubled in frequency since 2003 and the six most extreme years since records began have come since 2017, causing more deaths and destruction. One European Union (EU) pilot program, the Life Landscape Fire Project (LLFP), is now using hungry mountain goats to prevent wildfires before they start. It involves a combination of controlled fires and hungry goats grazing (吃草) to reduce plant cover that can dry up in summer and fuel the rapid spread of fires. Controlled fires help burn older plants that goats don’t eat, allowing fresh green vegetation to grow which grazers like goats and cows do eat. The experimental project pays shepherds (牧羊人) to guide their goats to areas where they want the plant cover reduced, and they also build shelters and watering areas to attract free grazers to the desired spots. That’s how mountain goats and cows become mobile fire prevention units. LLFP director Andre Mota oversees this EU-funded project. “We are in one of the most affected regions by wildfires, historically speaking,” said Mota. “Last September we had a wildfire with extreme behavior that burned almost everything in its path. But our parcels managed to keep green.” A video from Mota showed that one half of the mountain was black and burned and the other green, the parts which controlled fires and hungry goats had made unlikely to burn. “We believe this proves that, when scaled up from a pilot project to a full solution, it works,” he added. The sound of goat bells rings out as the goats move peacefully on their way, offering hope in a region directly in the path of climate chaos. 8 What do we know about the LLFP? A. It protects mountain goats. B. It employs integrated methods. C. It has been conducted across Europe. D. It wins shepherds’ unconditional support. 9. What does the underlined words “the desired spots” refer to? A. Free grazers’ favorite destinations. B. Places far from shepherds’ activities. C. Spots with abundant water resources. D. Areas in need of vegetation reduction. 10. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The influence of wildfires. B. The effectiveness of the LLFP. C. The challenges faced by the LLFP. D. The importance of preventing fires. 11 What message is conveyed in the last paragraph? A. Goats stand as a symbol of peace. B. Goats ring the alarm for quick action. C. Goats provide hope for wildfire prevention. D. Goats offer an ideal solution to climate change. D Parents all over the world know that getting kids to eat healthy foods is an uphill battle. Getting them to avoid junk food when they've got some spending money is even tougher. However, new research by Szu-chi Huang, an associate professor of marketing at Stanford Graduate School of Business, shows that children tend to choose healthier food if you offer them a deal. In their study, more than 2,400 kids ages 6 to 11 were offered three-day discount they could use at school to buy healthy beverages (饮料) such as a cereal shake or a natural fruit beverage. The children did react to the price promotions, buying more of the healthy products. Huang believes that the discounts worked partly because of their novelty. “If we can make it fun, like a puzzle or a game, we draw children’s attention to price and value,” she says, “which may not have been important to them before.” Another key finding is what happened after the experiment was over and the discounts ended. At one school children continued to choose healthy options more frequently than before the study. This surprised the researchers since it refuted what they'd seen in the literature. The reason for the effect, Huang believes, is that this study promoted a healthy option that was not very expensive to begin with. The experiment encouraged children to pay attention to price, so this relatively inexpensive healthy product kept its appeal even after the discount removed. However, this also suggests that short-term discounts on healthy food could have the unintended longer-term effect of drawing cost-conscious kids toward cheaper, less healthy products. In contrast, long-term incentives (激励) could steer (引导) kids toward healthy products that are seen as relatively affordable, bridging the “price gap” between inexpensive, unhealthy food and more expensive healthy foods. What’s essential, Huang says, is to help develop healthy consumption habits and preferences in children that last beyond the length of the promotion. Huang says this research has lessons for marketers, who often struggle to make healthy products attractive to kids. It also could help schools provide healthier options since they act as “gatekeepers” for what students eat during the school day and how products are promoted on campus. 12. What may be Huang's explanation of kids’ positive reaction to the price promotions? A. The discount was new and fun. B. The option was healthier and cheaper. C. Kids could play games with classmates. D. Kids realized the meaning of price and value. 13. What does the underlined word “refuted” in the third paragraph mean? A. Refused. B. Contradicted. C. Supported. D. Compared. 14. What potential disadvantage might short-term discounts have? A. They promote a habit of healthy eating. B. They may boost unhealthy consumption. C. They affect kids' understanding on value. D. They make unhealthy food more expensive. 15. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. Food: a Balanced Diet Needed for School Kids. B. Insights: Lessons for Marketers to Attract Kids. C. Discounts: Tricks Steering Kids to Healthy Food. D. Games: A Short-Terms Appeal to Unhealthy Food. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 While yoga is known for enhancing balance, flexibility, and calmness, it’s often considered less effective for weight loss than other exercises. However, even non-intense yoga sustains lasting calorie burning after practice. ____16____. Here’s more about how yoga is a complete body and mind workout. Removing stress Reducing pounds Yoga helps manage stress, and studies show high levels of cortisol, a stress hormone (荷尔蒙), can lead to an increase in fat. Yoga has an impact on the body’s stress response and reduces the production of hormones linked to weight again. ____17____. In one study, researchers found that practicing yoga seemed to impact the hypothalamus (下丘脑), reducing cortisol production. And another study found that doing meditative (冥想的) yoga reduced participants’ cortisol levels. Making weight loss last Recent research shows long-term yoga aids weight loss and boosts cognitive skills for a positive mood. Jessica a Brown University professor, led a study on yoga’s practicability of weight maintenance. ____18____. Jessica adds that someone experiencing a more positive mood may be less likely to overeat in response to negative emotions, or may be able to get back on track more easily after an overeating period, versus feeling guilty about overeating and continuing to engage in unhealthy practices. ____19____ A study found no difference in weight loss totals for participants practicing a gentle yoga versus a more energetic yoga. The best yoga is the practice that fits for you. ‘There are many accessible styles of yoga that meet you where you’re no matter what your size age, physical challenge or background. ____20____. A. Practicing a gentle yoga B. Choosing the right type C. Everybody can benefit from a yoga practice D. There’s no one style of yoga that’s best for weight loss E. That’s because yoga’s other benefits can help with weight loss too F. Several studies have confirmed that doing yoga does reduce cortisol levels G. It shows yoga may enhance long-term weight loss via a more positive mood 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Dashing through a Boston grocery store, I hurried to pick up flowers for a crucial date — one I couldn’t afford to be late for. At the checkout, a（an）____21____ woman ahead of me unloaded her groceries unhurriedly.____22____ my rising impatience, I offered a warm smile, unaware this brief ____23____ would shape my future. “You must be buying these for someone____24____,” she remarked, ____25____ the flowers in my hands. I ____26____ my nerves, jokingly voicing self-doubt about why my date would choose me. She ____27____ me gently, sharing how her late husband had always brought her flowers weekly, even during ____28____ when money was tight. “Those small gestures were ____29____ — they made every day feel special,” she said, a flicker of sadness in her eyes. As she ____30____ her shopping bags, an unexpected ____31____ struck me: I should give her the flowers. “You’re right — these are for a very special lady,” I said,____32____ the flowers to her. Her face lit up with surprise, and she thanked me _____33_____, “You’ve made my day.” I arrived at my date slightly late, but my girlfriend was ____34____ by the story. Years later, when I finally worked up the courage to propose, she revealed this act of kindness had been influential in her decision. My simple gesture had not only ____35____ the old woman’s evening but also strengthened a bond that would last a lifetime. 21. A. young B. elderly C. familiar D. lonely 22. A. In terms of B. Regardless of C. In response to D. Instead of 23. A. encounter B. accident C. project D. highlight 24. A. desperate B. extraordinary C. common D. modest 25. A. anticipating B. stuffing C. wrapping D. eyeing 26. A. denied B. hid C. admitted D. ignored 27. A. justified B. criticized C. comforted D. avoided 28. A. times B. terms C. efforts D. exhibitions 29. A. subjective B. permanent C. minor D. fundamental 30. A. gathered B. opened C. purchased D. packed 31. A. trick B. idea C. idiom D. dream 32. A. pushing B. throwing C. handing D. sending 33. A. coldly B. casually C. politely D. sincerely 34. A. astonished B. confused C. impressed D. annoyed 35. A. consumed B. boosted C. brightened D. depressed 第二节 语法填空（共1小题10空；每空1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Located in Wuhan City as a landmark (地标), the Yellow Crane Tower has ___36___very long history. Due to the perfect position, it was first built by Sun Quan as a watchtower for his army in 223. After what seemed ___37___ (hundred) of years, its military function was ___38___ (gradual) forgotten and the tower was enjoyed mainly as a picturesque (优美的) location. During the Tang Dynasty, many popular poems were written in praise of the Yellow Crane Tower. ___39___ was the Yellow Crane Tower poem that made the tower so famous and attractive. During the following centuries, it ___40___ (destroy) and rebuilt several times. The Yellow Crane Tower had different architectural features in different dynasties. However, the tower ___41___ stands today was rebuilt in a new place in 1981 ___42___completed in 1985. It is based on the old tower ___43___ (design) during the Qing Dynasty, standing 51.4 meters high. The ___44___ (appear) of the Yellow Crane Tower remains the same despite the direction it is viewed from. On top of the tower, visitors are treated to a fantastic view of the Yangtze River, its bridge and the ____45____ (surround) buildings in Wuhan City. Enjoying the fame (名声) of “The First Scenery under Heaven”, the Yellow Crane Tower is one of the most famous towers south of the Yangtze River. 第三节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 46. Here he remained the whole night, feeling very tired and ______ (sorrow) (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. They were threatened with ______ (starve) when flood drowned their village. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. He is always overflown with ______ (enthusiastic). (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. There are various reasons ______ people compose poems. (用适当的词填空) 50. Don’t rush into anything ________ you will regret for the next three years. (用适当的词填空) 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（满分 15分） 51. 随着人工智能的普及，越来越多的同学使用人工智能完成作业，由此产生了一些不良影响。假定你是校学生会主席李华，请代表学生会写一封英文倡议书，呼吁同学们合理使用人工智能，内容包括： 1.介绍现状； 2.给出建议； 3.发出倡议。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式作答。 参考词汇：人工智能 artificial intelligence (AI) Dear fellow students, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.” I bit back my frustration(懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer—that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答. We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 惠州市东江高级中学2024-2025学年高二第二学期期中考试 英语试卷 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Frequently Asked Questions about London Theatres London has a world-leading theatre scene, and it’s particularly strong when it comes to family shows. Read the FAQ to make your family theatre trip a pleasant one. Can children go to all theatres? Most shows are suitable for people aged 12 or older. Some productions might have material that is too mature for younger theatregoers. However, there are also fantastic family shows which are appropriate for all ages, or which are specifically aimed at kids. Are children booster seats available? Some theatres, though not all, provide booster seats-for example, Nederlander theatres rent height-adjustable seats for £1 if you ask a member of staff. They are available on a first-come, first-served basis. Some venues will also have height restrictions so that audience sitting behind you can still see. Are there frequent breaks throughout the duration of a performance? If it’s a show for a general audience, there will usually be one or two intervals based on the running time. Most shows designed specifically for younger audiences will have short running times, like an hour or less. Can I bring my own snacks and drinks into the theatre? Most theatres won’t allow you to bring your own snacks and drinks. They sell food and drink in the theatre and that’s part of how they bring in profit. If you have concerns about dietary requirements, you can contact the theatre beforehand to make arrangements. Find all the latest recommendations and more information about the rules on Telegraph Tickets, or check with the box office. 1. Where is the text probably from? A. A theatre guide. B. A drama review. C. A show advertisement. D. A performance schedule. 2. Which best describes booster seats? A. Found in every theatre. B. Provided free of charge. C. Required by safety rules. D. Offered in limited number. 3. What are the theatres’ concerns behind their food policies? A. Financial gain. B. Food safety. C. Cleaning cost. D. Audience experience. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是关于伦敦剧院的常见问题解答。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Read the FAQ to make your family theatre trip a pleasant one.(阅读常见问题解答，让你的家庭剧院之旅愉快)”以及后文对伦敦剧院各种常见问题的详细解答可知，文章旨在为去剧院的人提供相关信息和指导。“A theatre guide(剧院指南)”符合文章的性质和用途。B项“A drama review(戏剧评论)”主要是对戏剧内容、表演等方面进行评价；C项“A show advertisement(演出广告)”侧重于宣传演出；D项“A performance schedule(演出时间表)”主要呈现演出的时间安排，均不符合文章内容。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Some theatres, though not all, provide booster seats for example, Nederlander theatres rent height adjustable seats for £1 if you ask a member of staff. They are available on a first come, first served basis.(一些剧院，并非所有剧院，提供增高座椅。例如，如果你向工作人员提出要求，Nederlander剧院会以1英镑的价格出租可调节高度的座椅。这些座椅是先到先得的)”可知，并不是每个剧院都有增高座椅，且是收费出租的，也未提及是安全规则要求的，而先到先得，说明数量是有限的。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Most theatres won’t allow you to bring your own snacks and drinks. They sell food and drink in the theatre and that’s part of how they bring in profit.(大多数剧院不允许你自带零食和饮料。他们在剧院内出售食品和饮料，这是他们盈利的一部分)”可知，剧院的饮食政策是为了获得经济收益。故选A项。 B There are decisions we take on instinct, without even realising we are taking them. Two years ago, I left Germany to do volunteering work. I had a couple of disappointing experiences and a boring job in front of me. It was time to go. I found an interesting contact in a small village in Portugal. In exchange for room and board, I would be working with animals in a residence that hosted families with disabled people. And there I went, with just a backpack I was ready to jump into a new adventure. There, I cared for the pets living next to the residents, cleaning their yard, preparing food and caring for them. Within a month I was in charge of all the other volunteers and the organization of the daily work. After 5 months, I left again and moved to Catalonia, in Spain, to live with an Irish family. They offered a roof and food on the passage of their house for abandoned animals I helped care for. During both experiences, I had the chance to discover beautiful little towns and lovely villages. In Portugal, I walked on the coastline and explored those little towns on the top of the dry hills. In Spain I visited Barcelona multiple times, discovering little by little all its corners. Sometimes, my volunteering experience was complicated. I didn’t speak any Portuguese and only a bit of Spanish. But life out there was simple. It was so different from what I used to call “home” before! Going back to previous habits took me time. If you’re wondering if an international volunteering year gap is worth it, despite the uncertain future and the social pressure, I say: go for it. Believe me, in various ways, you will be sure to return transformed, perhaps even improved to a superior version of your former self. With a bit of luck, you may also discover a new career path. 4. Why did the author choose to leave Germany to do volunteering work? A. To make a change. B. To gain living skills. C. To broaden his horizon. D. To add working experience. 5. What did the author mainly do during his trip? A. Running an organization. B. Attending to animals. C. Taking care of the disabled. D. Preparing food for volunteers. 6. Which of the following can best describe the author’s trip? A. Simple. B. Romantic. C. Adventurous. D. Rewarding. 7. Which of the following can be the best title? A. Instinct, a key step for new career B. Backpacking, a jump to a new adventure C. Gap year, an escape from the reality D. Volunteering, a journey of self-discovery 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者离开德国去葡萄牙和西班牙做志愿者的经历。作者在不同的地方照顾动物、探索当地的城镇和村庄，虽然遇到了语言障碍等问题，但这段经历让作者体验到了简单的生活，也使作者发生了改变，作者认为国际志愿者间隔年是值得的，它是一段自我发现的旅程。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Two years ago, I left Germany to do volunteering work. I had a couple of disappointing experiences and a boring job in front of me. It was time to go.(两年前，我离开德国去做志愿者工作。我有几次令人失望的经历，还有一份无聊的工作摆在我面前。是时候离开了)”可知，作者选择离开德国去做志愿者工作是为了做出改变。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In exchange for room and board, I would be working with animals in a residence that hosted families with disabled people.(作为食宿的交换，我将在一个为残疾人家属提供住宿的住所里照顾动物)”以及第三段 “They offered a roof and food on the passage of their house for abandoned animals I helped care for.(他们在自家房子的过道上为我帮忙照顾的弃养动物提供了住所和食物)”可知，作者在旅行期间主要做的是照顾动物。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“During both experiences, I had the chance to discover beautiful little towns and lovely villages.(在这两段经历中，我有机会发现了美丽的小镇和可爱的村庄)”以及最后一段 “Believe me, in various ways, you will be sure to return transformed, perhaps even improved to a superior version of your former self. With a bit of luck, you may also discover a new career path.(相信我，从各种方面来说，你回来时一定会有所改变，甚至可能会变成比以前更好的自己。运气好的话，你也许还能发现一条新的职业道路)”可知，作者的这次旅行是有回报的。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者离开德国去葡萄牙和西班牙做志愿者的经历。作者在不同的地方照顾动物、探索当地的城镇和村庄，虽然遇到了语言障碍等问题，但这段经历让作者体验到了简单的生活，也使作者发生了改变，作者认为国际志愿者间隔年是值得的，它是一段自我发现的旅程。结合最后一段“If you’re wondering if an international volunteering year gap is worth it, despite the uncertain future and the social pressure, I say: go for it. Believe me, in various ways, you will be sure to return transformed, perhaps even improved to a superior version of your former self. With a bit of luck, you may also discover a new career path.(如果你想知道在未来不确定和社会压力的情况下，国际志愿者的空档年是否值得，我说：去做吧。相信我，在很多方面，你肯定会改变，甚至可能会变成比以前更好的自己。运气好的话，你可能还会发现一条新的职业道路)”可知，D项“志愿服务，一段自我发现的旅程”最适合作为文章标题。故选D。 C Wildfires are getting worse across the world. Twenty-one years of satellite data shows severe fires have more than doubled in frequency since 2003 and the six most extreme years since records began have come since 2017, causing more deaths and destruction. One European Union (EU) pilot program, the Life Landscape Fire Project (LLFP), is now using hungry mountain goats to prevent wildfires before they start. It involves a combination of controlled fires and hungry goats grazing (吃草) to reduce plant cover that can dry up in summer and fuel the rapid spread of fires. Controlled fires help burn older plants that goats don’t eat, allowing fresh green vegetation to grow which grazers like goats and cows do eat. The experimental project pays shepherds (牧羊人) to guide their goats to areas where they want the plant cover reduced, and they also build shelters and watering areas to attract free grazers to the desired spots. That’s how mountain goats and cows become mobile fire prevention units. LLFP director Andre Mota oversees this EU-funded project. “We are in one of the most affected regions by wildfires, historically speaking,” said Mota. “Last September we had a wildfire with extreme behavior that burned almost everything in its path. But our parcels managed to keep green.” A video from Mota showed that one half of the mountain was black and burned and the other green, the parts which controlled fires and hungry goats had made unlikely to burn. “We believe this proves that, when scaled up from a pilot project to a full solution, it works,” he added. The sound of goat bells rings out as the goats move peacefully on their way, offering hope in a region directly in the path of climate chaos. 8. What do we know about the LLFP? A It protects mountain goats. B. It employs integrated methods. C. It has been conducted across Europe. D. It wins shepherds’ unconditional support. 9. What does the underlined words “the desired spots” refer to? A. Free grazers’ favorite destinations. B. Places far from shepherds’ activities. C. Spots with abundant water resources. D. Areas in need of vegetation reduction. 10. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A The influence of wildfires. B. The effectiveness of the LLFP. C. The challenges faced by the LLFP. D. The importance of preventing fires. 11. What message is conveyed in the last paragraph? A. Goats stand as a symbol of peace. B. Goats ring the alarm for quick action. C. Goats provide hope for wildfire prevention. D. Goats offer an ideal solution to climate change. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球野火情况日益恶化，欧盟的生命景观火灾项目(LLFP)采用控制燃烧和让山羊吃草等综合方法来预防野火，且成效显著。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It involves a combination of controlled fires and hungry goats grazing (吃草) to reduce plant cover that can dry up in summer and fuel the rapid spread of fires. (它包括控制燃烧和让饥饿的山羊吃草相结合，以减少夏季可能干涸并助长火势迅速蔓延的植被覆盖)”可知，LLFP采用了包括控制燃烧和让饥饿的山羊吃草相结合的综合方法。故选B项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句中“The experimental project pays shepherds (牧羊人) to guide their goats to areas where they want the plant cover reduced, and they also build shelters and watering areas to attract free grazers to the desired spots. (这个实验项目付钱给牧羊人，让他们把山羊带到他们希望减少植被覆盖的地区，他们还建造庇护所和饮水区，以吸引自由放牧的动物到他们想要的地方)”中“guide their goats to areas where they want the plant cover reduced”可推知，他们想要把山羊引导到需要减少植被覆盖的地区，所以“the desired spots”指的是“需要减少植被覆盖的地区”。故选D项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“‘Last September we had a wildfire with extreme behavior that burned almost everything in its path. But our parcels managed to keep green.’ A video from Mota showed that one half of the mountain was black and burned and the other green, the parts which controlled fires and hungry goats had made unlikely to burn. ‘We believe this proves that, when scaled up from a pilot project to a full solution, it works,’ he added. (‘去年9月，我们经历了一场极端行为的野火，几乎烧毁了所到之处的一切。但我们的区域设法保持了绿色。’莫塔提供的一段视频显示，山的一半是黑色的，被烧毁了，另一半是绿色的，这是控制燃烧和饥饿的山羊使火势难以蔓延的部分。他补充说：‘我们相信这证明了，当从试点项目扩大到全面解决方案时，它是有效的。’)”可知，该段主要通过举例来说明LLFP的有效性。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The sound of goat bells rings out as the goats move peacefully on their way, offering hope in a region directly in the path of climate chaos. (当山羊平静地前行时，山羊铃铛的声音响起，为一个直接受气候混乱影响的地区带来了希望)”可知，段中想要传达的信息是，用山羊来减少植被覆盖，为野火预防带来了希望。故选C项。 D Parents all over the world know that getting kids to eat healthy foods is an uphill battle. Getting them to avoid junk food when they've got some spending money is even tougher. However, new research by Szu-chi Huang, an associate professor of marketing at Stanford Graduate School of Business, shows that children tend to choose healthier food if you offer them a deal. In their study, more than 2,400 kids ages 6 to 11 were offered three-day discount they could use at school to buy healthy beverages (饮料) such as a cereal shake or a natural fruit beverage. The children did react to the price promotions, buying more of the healthy products. Huang believes that the discounts worked partly because of their novelty. “If we can make it fun, like a puzzle or a game, we draw children’s attention to price and value,” she says, “which may not have been important to them before.” Another key finding is what happened after the experiment was over and the discounts ended. At one school children continued to choose healthy options more frequently than before the study. This surprised the researchers since it refuted what they'd seen in the literature. The reason for the effect, Huang believes, is that this study promoted a healthy option that was not very expensive to begin with. The experiment encouraged children to pay attention to price, so this relatively inexpensive healthy product kept its appeal even after the discount removed. However, this also suggests that short-term discounts on healthy food could have the unintended longer-term effect of drawing cost-conscious kids toward cheaper, less healthy products. In contrast, long-term incentives (激励) could steer (引导) kids toward healthy products that are seen as relatively affordable, bridging the “price gap” between inexpensive, unhealthy food and more expensive healthy foods. What’s essential, Huang says, is to help develop healthy consumption habits and preferences in children that last beyond the length of the promotion. Huang says this research has lessons for marketers, who often struggle to make healthy products attractive to kids. It also could help schools provide healthier options since they act as “gatekeepers” for what students eat during the school day and how products are promoted on campus. 12. What may be Huang's explanation of kids’ positive reaction to the price promotions? A. The discount was new and fun. B. The option was healthier and cheaper. C. Kids could play games with classmates. D. Kids realized the meaning of price and value. 13. What does the underlined word “refuted” in the third paragraph mean? A. Refused. B. Contradicted. C. Supported. D. Compared. 14. What potential disadvantage might short-term discounts have? A. They promote a habit of healthy eating. B. They may boost unhealthy consumption. C. They affect kids' understanding on value. D. They make unhealthy food more expensive. 15. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. Food: a Balanced Diet Needed for School Kids. B. Insights: Lessons for Marketers to Attract Kids. C. Discounts: Tricks Steering Kids to Healthy Food. D. Games: A Short-Terms Appeal to Unhealthy Food. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了斯坦福大学商学院副教授 Szu-chi Huang 的一项新研究，该研究表明给孩子提供健康食品的折扣可以促使他们选择更健康的食物，还探讨了短期和长期折扣对孩子选择健康食品的不同影响，以及这项研究对营销人员和学校的启示。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Huang believes that the discounts worked partly because of their novelty. “If we can make it fun, like a puzzle or a game, we draw children’s attention to price and value,” she says, “which may not have been important to them before.(黄认为，这些折扣起作用的部分原因是它们的新颖性。“如果我们能让它变得有趣，比如一个谜题或一个游戏，我们就能吸引孩子们对价格和价值的关注，” 她说，“这在以前对他们来说可能并不重要)”可知，黄对孩子们对价格促销的积极反应的解释是折扣新颖且有趣。故选A。 【13题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段“At one school children continued to choose healthy options more frequently than before the study. This surprised the researchers since it refuted what they'd seen in the literature.(在一所学校，孩子们继续比研究前更频繁地选择健康的食品。这让研究人员感到惊讶，因为这与他们在文献中看到的情况refuted) 可知，前面提到孩子们在折扣结束后还继续选择健康食品，这与研究人员在文献中看到的情况不一样，所以 “refuted” 意思应该是 “与…… 矛盾，反驳”。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“However, this also suggests that short-term discounts on healthy food could have the unintended longer-term effect of drawing cost-conscious kids toward cheaper, less healthy products.(然而，这也表明，对健康食品的短期折扣可能会产生意想不到的长期影响，会吸引有成本意识的孩子购买更便宜、不太健康的产品)”可知，短期折扣的潜在缺点是它们可能会促进不健康的消费。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文主要讲述了斯坦福大学商学院副教授 Szu-chi Huang 的一项新研究，该研究表明给孩子提供健康食品的折扣可以促使他们选择更健康的食物，还探讨了短期和长期折扣对孩子选择健康食品的不同影响，以及这项研究对营销人员和学校的启示。选项 C“折扣：引导孩子选择健康食品的诀窍”为最佳标题。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 While yoga is known for enhancing balance, flexibility, and calmness, it’s often considered less effective for weight loss than other exercises. However, even non-intense yoga sustains lasting calorie burning after practice. ____16____. Here’s more about how yoga is a complete body and mind workout. Removing stress, Reducing pounds Yoga helps manage stress, and studies show high levels of cortisol, a stress hormone (荷尔蒙), can lead to an increase in fat. Yoga has an impact on the body’s stress response and reduces the production of hormones linked to weight again. ____17____. In one study, researchers found that practicing yoga seemed to impact the hypothalamus (下丘脑), reducing cortisol production. And another study found that doing meditative (冥想的) yoga reduced participants’ cortisol levels. Making weight loss last Recent research shows long-term yoga aids weight loss and boosts cognitive skills for a positive mood. Jessica, a Brown University professor, led a study on yoga’s practicability of weight maintenance. ____18____. Jessica adds that someone experiencing a more positive mood may be less likely to overeat in response to negative emotions, or may be able to get back on track more easily after an overeating period, versus feeling guilty about overeating and continuing to engage in unhealthy practices. ____19____ A study found no difference in weight loss totals for participants practicing a gentle yoga versus a more energetic yoga. The best yoga is the practice that fits for you. ‘There are many accessible styles of yoga that meet you where you’re no matter what your size, age, physical challenge or background. ____20____. A. Practicing a gentle yoga B. Choosing the right type C. Everybody can benefit from a yoga practice D. There’s no one style of yoga that’s best for weight loss E. That’s because yoga’s other benefits can help with weight loss too F. Several studies have confirmed that doing yoga does reduce cortisol levels G. It shows yoga may enhance long-term weight loss via a more positive mood 【答案】16. E 17. F 18. G 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑜伽在减肥方面的作用，包括其如何通过减轻压力、改善情绪等方式辅助减肥，并强调了选择适合自己的瑜伽类型的重要性。 【16题详解】 根据上文“While yoga is known for enhancing balance, flexibility, and calmness, it’s often considered less effective for weight loss than other exercises. However, even non-intense yoga sustains lasting calorie burning after practice.(虽然瑜伽以增强平衡、灵活性和冷静而闻名，但人们通常认为它对减肥的效果不如其他运动。然而，即使是非高强度的瑜伽也能在练习后持续燃烧卡路里。)”可知，人们常认为瑜伽对减肥的效果不如其他运动，不管怎样瑜伽练习后能持续燃烧卡路里。而空后“Here’s more about how yoga is a complete body and mind workout.(以下是关于瑜伽如何成为一种全面的身心锻炼方式的更多内容。)”则介绍瑜伽是身心的全面锻炼。选项E“That’s because yoga’s other benefits can help with weight loss too(这是因为瑜伽的其他益处也有助于减肥。)”起到承上启下的作用，解释了为什么瑜伽虽被认为在减肥方面不如其他运动有效，但仍对减肥有帮助。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据下文“In one study, researchers found that practicing yoga seemed to impact the hypothalamus (下丘脑), reducing cortisol production. And another study found that doing meditative (冥想的)yoga reduced participants’ cortisol levels.(在一项研究中，研究人员发现练习瑜伽似乎会影响下丘脑，减少皮质醇的产生。另一项研究发现，进行冥想式瑜伽可以降低参与者的皮质醇水平。)”可知，下文列举了两项研究说明瑜伽对降低皮质醇水平的作用。选项F“Several studies have confirmed that doing yoga does reduce cortisol levels(几项研究已经证实，做瑜伽确实能降低皮质醇水平。)”承接上文内容，同时自然引出下文的例子，符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Recent research shows long-term yoga aids weight loss and boosts cognitive skills for a positive mood. Jessica, a Brown University professor, led a study on yoga’s practicability of weight maintenance.(最近的研究表明，长期练习瑜伽有助于减肥，并能提升认知技能，带来积极的情绪。布朗大学的教授Jessica领导了一项关于瑜伽在维持体重方面的实用性的研究。)”可知，布朗大学教授领导了一项关于瑜伽维持体重实用性的研究，研究指出积极情绪与减肥的关系。选项G“It shows yoga may enhance long-term weight loss via a more positive mood(研究表明，瑜伽可以通过更积极的情绪促进长期减肥。)”与上文衔接紧密，进一步说明了研究的结果。故选G。 【19题详解】 空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“A study found no difference in weight loss totals for participants practicing a gentle yoga versus a more energetic yoga. The best yoga is the practice that fits for you. ‘There are many accessible styles of yoga that meet you where you’re no matter what your size, age, physical challenge or background.(一项研究发现，练习温和型瑜伽的参与者和练习更有活力型瑜伽的参与者在减肥总量上没有差异。最好的瑜伽就是适合你的那种练习方式。有许多容易接触到的瑜伽风格，无论你的体型、年龄、身体挑战或背景如何，都能满足你的需求。)”可知，本段主要讨论了不同类型的瑜伽在减肥效果上没有差异，最好的瑜伽是适合自己的，可知该段主题是选择合适类型的瑜伽。选B“Choosing the right type(选择正确的类型)”概括了本段主要内容。故选B。 【20题详解】 根据上文“‘There are many accessible styles of yoga that meet you where you’re no matter what your size, age, physical challenge or background.(有许多容易接触到的瑜伽风格，无论你的体型、年龄、身体挑战或背景如何，都能满足你的需求。)”可知，上文提到有很多种瑜伽适合不同的人。选项C“Everybody can benefit from a yoga practice(每个人都能从瑜伽练习中受益)”总结了上文，说明无论什么情况，人们都能通过瑜伽得到好处。故选C。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Dashing through a Boston grocery store, I hurried to pick up flowers for a crucial date — one I couldn’t afford to be late for. At the checkout, a（an）____21____ woman ahead of me unloaded her groceries unhurriedly.____22____ my rising impatience, I offered a warm smile, unaware this brief ____23____ would shape my future. “You must be buying these for someone____24____,” she remarked, ____25____ the flowers in my hands. I ____26____ my nerves, jokingly voicing self-doubt about why my date would choose me. She ____27____ me gently, sharing how her late husband had always brought her flowers weekly, even during ____28____ when money was tight. “Those small gestures were ____29____ — they made every day feel special,” she said, a flicker of sadness in her eyes. As she ____30____ her shopping bags, an unexpected ____31____ struck me: I should give her the flowers. “You’re right — these are for a very special lady,” I said,____32____ the flowers to her. Her face lit up with surprise, and she thanked me _____33_____, “You’ve made my day.” I arrived at my date slightly late, but my girlfriend was ____34____ by the story. Years later, when I finally worked up the courage to propose, she revealed this act of kindness had been influential in her decision. My simple gesture had not only ____35____ the old woman’s evening but also strengthened a bond that would last a lifetime. 21. A. young B. elderly C. familiar D. lonely 22. A. In terms of B. Regardless of C. In response to D. Instead of 23. A. encounter B. accident C. project D. highlight 24. A. desperate B. extraordinary C. common D. modest 25. A. anticipating B. stuffing C. wrapping D. eyeing 26. A. denied B. hid C. admitted D. ignored 27. A. justified B. criticized C. comforted D. avoided 28. A. times B. terms C. efforts D. exhibitions 29 A. subjective B. permanent C. minor D. fundamental 30. A. gathered B. opened C. purchased D. packed 31. A. trick B. idea C. idiom D. dream 32. A. pushing B. throwing C. handing D. sending 33. A. coldly B. casually C. politely D. sincerely 34. A. astonished B. confused C. impressed D. annoyed 35. A. consumed B. boosted C. brightened D. depressed 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者匆忙去波士顿杂货店为重要约会购买鲜花，在结账时遇到一位年长女士，与其交谈后，作者将鲜花送给她，这一善举不仅让老人开心，也在日后对作者的感情发展产生了重要影响。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在收银台，我前面一位年长的女士不紧不慢地卸下她购买的杂货。A. young年轻的；B. elderly年长的，上了年纪的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. lonely孤独的。根据下文“the old woman可知，作者的前面是一位年长的女士。 故选B。 【22题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管我越来越不耐烦，我还是报以温暖的微笑。A. In terms of就…… 而言；B. Regardless of不管，不顾；C. In response to对…… 作出反应；D. Instead of代替，而不是。结合上文 “Dashing through a Boston grocery store, I hurried to pick up flowers for a crucial date — one I couldn’t afford to be late for.”可知，作者很着急，很不耐烦，尽管不耐烦，还是报以温暖的微笑。 故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有意识到这次短暂的相遇会塑造我的未来。A. encounter相遇，邂逅；B. accident事故；C. project项目；D. highlight亮点。根据上文“At the checkout, a（an） ____ elderly woman ahead of me unloaded her groceries unhurriedly.”可知，这里描述的是作者和老太太在超市收银台的这次相遇 。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你一定是为某个特别的人买这些花的”她看着我手中的花说道。A. desperate绝望的；B. extraordinary特别的，非凡的；C. common普通的；D. modest谦虚的。根据下文“You’re right — these are for a very special lady”可知，作者是为一位特别的人买花。 故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你一定是为某个特别的人买这些花的”她看着我手中的花说道。A. anticipating预料；B. stuffing塞满；C. wrapping包裹；D. eyeing看着，注视。根据“the flowers in my hands.”可知，老太太说话时应该是看着作者手中的花。 故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我承认自己很紧张，开玩笑地表示自己不明白为什么约会对象会选择我。A. denied否认；B. hid隐藏；C. admitted承认；D. ignored忽视。根据下文“my nerves, jokingly voicing self-doubt about why my date would choose me”可知，作者承认了自己内心的紧张和不安。 故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她温柔地安慰我，分享她已故的丈夫总是每周给她送花，甚至在经济拮据的时候。A. justified证明…… 有理；B. criticized批评；C. comforted 安慰；D. avoided避免。根据下文“sharing how her late husband had always brought her flowers weekly” 可知，她是在安慰作者 。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她温柔地安慰我，分享她已故的丈夫总是每周给她送花，甚至在经济拮据的时候。A. times时候，时期；B. terms条款；C. efforts努力；D. exhibitions展览。根据下文“when money was tight”可知，描述的是一个时期。 故选 A。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些小小的举动是至关重要的 —— 它们让每一天都感觉很特别，她说，眼中闪过一丝悲伤。A. subjective 主观的；B. permanent永久的；C. minor较小的；D. fundamental基本的，至关重要的。根据下文“they made every day feel special”可知，老人认为这些小举动意义重大、至关重要。 故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析，句意：当她收拾她的购物袋时，一个意想不到的想法突然出现在我脑海中：我应该把花送给她。A. gathered收集，收拾；B. opened打开；C. purchased购买；D. packed打包（一般指为旅行等打包物品）。这里表示老太太在结账后收拾自己的购物袋。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. trick诡计；B. idea想法；C. idiom习语；D. dream梦想。根据下文“I should give her the flowers”可知，这是作者突然产生一个想法。 故选 B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你说得对 —— 这些花是送给一位非常特别的女士的，” 我说着，把花递给了她。A. pushing推；B. throwing扔；C. handing递给；D. sending发送。根据上文“give her the flowers”可知，作者决定把花送给老太太，应该是把花递给她。 故选C。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的脸上露出惊喜的神情，她真诚地感谢我，“你让我这一天都很开心。”A. coldly冷漠地；B. casually随意地；C. politely礼貌地；D. sincerely真诚地。根据下文“You’ve made my day.”可知，老太太很感动，是真诚地感谢作者。 故选D。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我到达约会地点时有点晚了，但我的女朋友被这个故事打动了。A. astonished惊讶的；B. confused困惑的；C. impressed印象深刻的，被打动的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据下文 “Years later, when I finally worked up the courage to propose, she revealed this act of kindness had been influential in her decision.”可知，女朋友被这个故事打动了。 故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我这个简单的善举不仅使老人的夜晚快乐，也巩固了一段将持续一生的关系。A. consumed消耗；B. boosted促进；C. brightened照亮，使快乐；D. depressed使沮丧。根据上文“You’ve made my day.”可知，作者送花的举动让老人很开心，老人的夜晚变得快乐 。故选C。 第二节 语法填空（共1小题10空；每空1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Located in Wuhan City as a landmark (地标), the Yellow Crane Tower has ___36___very long history. Due to the perfect position, it was first built by Sun Quan as a watchtower for his army in 223. After what seemed ___37___ (hundred) of years, its military function was ___38___ (gradual) forgotten and the tower was enjoyed mainly as a picturesque (优美的) location. During the Tang Dynasty, many popular poems were written in praise of the Yellow Crane Tower. ___39___ was the Yellow Crane Tower poem that made the tower so famous and attractive. During the following centuries, it ___40___ (destroy) and rebuilt several times. The Yellow Crane Tower had different architectural features in different dynasties. However, the tower ___41___ stands today was rebuilt in a new place in 1981 ___42___completed in 1985. It is based on the old tower ___43___ (design) during the Qing Dynasty, standing 51.4 meters high. The ___44___ (appear) of the Yellow Crane Tower remains the same despite the direction it is viewed from. On top of the tower, visitors are treated to a fantastic view of the Yangtze River, its bridge and the ____45____ (surround) buildings in Wuhan City. Enjoying the fame (名声) of “The First Scenery under Heaven”, the Yellow Crane Tower is one of the most famous towers south of the Yangtze River. 【答案】36. a 37. hundreds 38. gradually 39. It 40. was destroyed 41. that##which 42. and 43. designed 44. appearance 45. surrounding 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了武汉著名的景点黄鹤楼。 【36题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：黄鹤楼作为武汉市的标志性建筑，有着悠久的历史。在此处表示黄鹤楼的“一段历史”，应用不定冠词，且very的以辅音音素开头。故填a。 【37题详解】 考查数词。句意：在经历了似乎数百年的时间后，它的军事功能逐渐被遗忘，它主要是作为一个风景如画的地点而被欣赏。根据句意可知，hundreds of为固定短语，意为“数百的，大量的”。故填hundreds。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处应该使用gradual的副词形式修饰动词forgotten，意为“逐渐地”。故填gradually。 【39题详解】 考查强调句。句意：正是《黄鹤楼》这首诗使黄鹤楼闻名遐迩。分析句子结构可知，本句是强调句结构（It is/was +被强调部分+that+其他），被强调部分是the Yellow Crane Tower poem。故填It。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：在接下来的几个世纪里，它几经被破坏和重建了好几次。根据During the following centuries可知，此处应用一般过去时，且主语it与谓语动词destroy为动宾关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was destroyed。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：然而，今天矗立的这座楼是1981年在新址重建的，并于1985年竣工。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词tower，为物，且在从句中作主语。故填that或which。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：然而，今天矗立的这座楼是1981年在新址重建的，并于1985年竣工。根据句意和句子结构可知，此句中的“was rebuilt”和“completed”是并列关系，需用并列连词。故填and。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这座楼正是基于清朝时期设计的那座楼，楼高51.4米。分析句子结构可知，句中is based为谓语动词，此处应用非谓语动词形式作后置定语，且tower和design之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填designed。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：无论从哪个方向看，黄鹤楼的外观都是一样的。空格前为定冠词the，空格后为介词of，可推断空格应填名词作主语。故填appearance。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在楼顶，游客可以欣赏到武汉长江、长江大桥和周边建筑的美景。根据句意，应用形容词来修饰名词buildings作定语。故填surrounding。 第三节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 46. Here he remained the whole night, feeling very tired and ______ (sorrow) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】sorrowful 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他在这里待了一整夜，感到非常疲惫和悲伤。根据句子结构，此处与tired并列作feeling的表语，应使用形容词形式。sorrow的形容词形式为sorrowful，意为“悲伤的”。故填sorrowful。 47. They were threatened with ______ (starve) when flood drowned their village. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】starvation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：洪水淹没村庄后，他们面临饥饿的威胁。空处作with的宾语，应用starve的名词形式starvation，意为“饥饿”，是不可数名词。故填starvation。 48. He is always overflown with ______ (enthusiastic). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】enthusiasm 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他总是满腔热情。空处应填名词作with的宾语，enthusiasm“热情”是不可数名词。故填enthusiasm。 49. There are various reasons ______ people compose poems. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：人们写诗有各种各样的原因。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为reasons，在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导。故填why。 50. Don’t rush into anything ________ you will regret for the next three years. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：不要急着做任何会让你在未来三年后悔的事情。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词anything，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句作regret的宾语。当先行词为anything等不定代词时，关系代词用that。故填that。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（满分 15分） 51. 随着人工智能的普及，越来越多的同学使用人工智能完成作业，由此产生了一些不良影响。假定你是校学生会主席李华，请代表学生会写一封英文倡议书，呼吁同学们合理使用人工智能，内容包括： 1.介绍现状； 2.给出建议； 3.发出倡议。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式作答。 参考词汇：人工智能 artificial intelligence (AI) Dear fellow students, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear fellow students, Recently, we have noticed that an increasing number of students are relying too much on AI tools to complete their assignments, which has led to some negative consequences, such as a decline in academic integrity and critical thinking. To address the issues, we should use AI as a supplementary tool to enhance learning rather than a replacement for our own efforts, which may violate academic integrity principles fundamental to our education and result in the lack of originality and creativity. Additionally, it is of great significance for us to critically evaluate the information generated by AI rather than accept it blindly. Otherwise, we might be deprived of the ability to think critically. Let’s make a conscious effort to use artificial intelligence in a reasonable and responsible manner. By doing so we can make the most of AI technology while maintaining our academic integrity and personal growth. Your effort counts! The Student Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生写一封英文倡议书，呼吁同学们合理使用人工智能。 【详解】1.词汇积累 依靠：rely on→depend on 导致：lead to→contribute to 应该：should→be supposed to 充分利用：make the most of→make full use of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Additionally, it is of great significance for us to critically evaluate the information generated by AI rather than accept it blindly. 拓展句：Additionally, it is of great significance for us to critically evaluate the information which is generated by AI rather than accept it blindly. 【点睛】[高分句型1]Recently, we have noticed that an increasing number of students are relying too much on AI tools to complete their assignments, which has led to some negative consequences, such as a decline in academic integrity and critical thinking.（运用了that引导宾语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2]By doing so, we can make the most of AI technology while maintaining our academic integrity and personal growth.（运用了状语从句的省略） 第二节（满分25分） 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.” I bit back my frustration(懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer—that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答. We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. I said gently and quietly, “No one can change your mind, except yourself. If you desire to challenge yourself, there is nothing to do with others’ thoughts.” He sat still with a deep breath. “You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here”, I added with a sincere tone. Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run. His coach heard what David said and gave me a look—the kind that was more determined than anyone else’s. I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The race started. It seemed that the runway was extremely long for young children, not to mention a child with a brain disease. David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers. It didn’t take long before he picked himself up again and continued his mission. Classmates all appeared on the racing track, cheering for him. “Come on! You can make it! We are proud of you!” they shouted enthusiastically. To everyone’s joy, he reached the final line and ranked the 20th. It was no more important whether he won the first place or not. It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者是一名特殊教育教师，在大型越野赛跑那天，发现患有大脑疾病的大卫独自站在一旁。作者问其原因，他说准备放弃比赛。从教练口中得知，因为担心同学们会嘲笑大卫，所以教练想让大卫自己去决定是否参加赛跑。作者让大卫追寻自己的内心，不理会别人的看法，大卫最终参赛，尽管遇到困难，他战胜了自己，这已经无关名次，而是他的勇敢和坚定让这一切成为可能。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我们挨着坐着，但大卫不愿看我一眼。”可知，第一段可描写作者鼓励大卫继续完成比赛，大卫经过强烈的心理斗争，最终决定参加比赛。 ②由第二段首句内容“我看着大卫和其他选手一起走到起跑线上。”可知，第二段可描写大卫开始参赛，虽然中途遇到困难，仍然坚持到最后，完成比赛。 2.续写线索：鼓励大卫——心理变化——决定参赛——克服困难——加油助威——完成比赛——感悟 3.词汇激活： 行动类： ①深呼吸：with a deep breath/breathe deeply ②坚持做：insisted on doing/be stick to doing 情绪类： ①热情：enthusiastically /with great passion ②骄傲：be proud of/take pride in 【点睛】[高分句型1]You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here. (由which引导的非限制性定语从句和why引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run. (现在分词作状语和省略that的宾语从句) [高分句型3]It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally. (由It was...that结构引导的强调句型) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $