专题08 Unit3 Sports and Fitness语法、写作篇-【初升高】2025年新高一英语暑期衔接讲义（人教版2019）

Unit3 Sports and Fitness语法、写作篇 ( 语法精讲 ) 附加疑问句 附加疑问句，又称反意疑问句，主要用于口语，其作用是说话人向对方验证自己的陈述或者判断，也可以用于祈使句表示请求或者建议。 一．附加疑问句的组成 附加疑问句包括陈述部分和附加疑问部分。附加疑问部分一般由助动词、be动词或情态动词和表示主语的代词构成。 组成 例句 肯定式陈述部分+否定附加疑问部分 You are going to the gym with me, aren't you?你要和我一起去健身房，是不是? 否定式陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分 They can't finish the work by Friday, can they? 他们不能在星期五之前完成这项工作，是吗? 含有否定词或半否定词 （never、few、seldom、hardly、rarely、little、nothing、none、no、not、nobody、neither 等）的陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分 You've never been to Paris, have you?你从没去过巴黎，是吗? Nobody saw him walk into the room, did they? 没有人看见他走进房间，是吗? 祈使句+附 加疑问部分 肯定式祈使句+will you？（为使祈使句听起来比较委婉、客气，附加疑问部分还可以用won't you、can you、can't you等） Have another cup of coffee, will you/can you/won't you/can't you?再喝杯咖啡，好吗？ 祈使句+附加疑问部分 否定式祈使句+will you？ Don't close the door, will you? 别关门，好吗？ Let's...，shall we? Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? 我们去听音乐，好吗？ Let us...，will you? Let us wait in the reading room, will you? 我们在阅览室等，好吗？ 注意 1.附加疑问部分的主语应与陈述部分的主语一致，且只能是代词。 2.如果陈述部分出现否定前缀un-、in-、im-、dis- 或后缀 -less,该陈述部分当作肯定句处理,附加疑问部分仍用否定形式。 Tom dislikes the book，doesn't he?汤姆不喜欢那本书，是不是? 3.陈述部分为"I'm…"结构时，附加疑问部分通常用aren't I。 I'm older than you, aren't I?我年纪比你大，对不对？ 完成下列附加疑问句 1.Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night, _________? did they【解析】前面的陈述部分含有半否定词Few, 后面的附加疑问部分应用肯定形式；由陈述部分的时态可知，附加疑问部分应用did。 2.The tall man over there is our new English teacher, ________? isn't he【解析】该句的主语是The tall man， 因此在附加疑问部分中应使用代词he，又因前面的陈述部分表示肯定意义，故用isn't he。 3.Let's go for a walk in the park, _________？ shall we【解析】以Let's开头的祈使句，说话时包含对方，表示建议，附加疑问部分要用shall we。 4.Don't turn off the computer before closing all programs, _________? will you【解析】本句是以Don't开头的祈使句， 表示否定意义,附加疑问部分用will you。 二．附加疑问句的回答 附加疑问句的回答应根据实际情况，而不受提问方式的影响。但在回答"否定式陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分"时，yes译为"不"，no译为"是的"。 —The 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing,weren't they?第29届奥运会是在北京举行的，是不是？ —Yes，they were.是的，是在北京举行的。 —We haven't been informed,have we?我们没有被通知，是吗？ —Yes, we have./No, we haven't.不，我们已经接到通知了。/对，我们还没有接到通知。 ( 综合训练 ) 将下列附加疑问句补充完整 1.Let's have a good rest,_________？ 2.He has never been to a foreign country, ________? 3.Alice had a wonderful time yesterday, ___________? 4.When you've finished reading the book, don't forget to put it back on the shelf, _________? 5.She is unfit for the position, _________? 1.shall we 2.has he 3.didn't she 4.will you 5.isn't she 二．根据语境对下列附加疑问句作出回答 1.—She didn't come to school yesterday, did she? —_____________, though she was not feeling well. 2.—John could hardly play the violin when we knew him, could he? —_______________. But he plays it well now. 3.— Let's go for a walk, shall we? —________, I'm coming. Don't forget to bring your camera, will you? 4.—Your brother often disagrees with you, doesn't he? —____________. We often have different opinions. 5.— Liu Tao has never read the book The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, has he? — ____________. He told me it's very interesting. He'd like to read it again. 1.Yes, she did 2.No,he couldn't 3.OK/Yes 4.Yes,he does 5.Yes, he has 三．完成下面的附加疑问句 1.You recognised the man in the car, 　　　　　?  2.There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, 　　　　　?  3.This is a really lively party. There's a great atmosphere, 　　　　　?  4.I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, 　　　　　?  5.It doesn't matter if they want to come to your party, 　　　　　?  6.You and I could hardly work together, 　　　　　?  7.Let's work out a plan that we can all agree on, 　　　　　?  8.When you've finished with that book, don't forget to put it back on the shelf, 　　　　　?  9.Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday, 　　　　　?  10.It's the first time that he has admired the beautiful view, 　　　　　?  11.—I spent two weeks in London last summer. —Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, 　　　　　?  12.He must be helping the old man to water the flowers, 　　　　　?  1.didn't you　2.is there　3.isn't there　4.didn't I5.does it　6.could we　7.shall we　8.will/can you9.didn't she　10.isn't it　11.haven't you　12.isn't he ( 写作精讲 ) 如何写运动与健康的生活方式有关的文章 本单元的写作以wellness book为背景，涉及运动锻炼和健康方面的内容，对应课标中"人与自我"这一主题语境，要求考生能够就"健康的生活方式"表达自己的想法。 在写这类书面表达时，可采用三段式结构： 描述问题 1.I was worried about my weight and decided to try a new diet. 2.Recently I have been concerned about some pain in my neck. 3.I find it becomes harder for me to fall asleep. 4.I seldom work out. As a result, I was often ill. 措施或建议 1.Doing physical activity is an important factor in maintaining fitness. 2.There is no doubt that running does good to our health. 3.In addition, it does benefit you if you take part in a variety of after-school activities. 4.First, I took part in some sports, such as jogging, swimming and playing basketball. 5.It's very important for us to form healthy eating habits. 6.To keep fit, we should have a healthy and balanced diet, which generally includes… 7.I paid attention to my diet and had the right food, since proper nutrition（/njuˈtrIʃn/n.［U］营养） is the most important for good health. 8.Rather than cutting out the unhealthy foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. 9.The most important thing that I have done is to keep a good state of mind and enjoy what life offers me. 10.Keeping a balanced diet and taking exercise regularly are important part of a healthy lifestyle. 带来的变化 1.Doing exercise in the morning gives me energy as well as a good appetite（胃口） for breakfast. 2.I am more than happy to see the improvement in my health. 典例详析 书面表达 假定你是李华，你校英语报将举办主题为"To live healthily"的英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1.描述自己原有的不良生活方式； 2.采取措施改变不良生活方式的经历； 3.收获或感想。 注意：词数80左右。 审题 选词 1.导致lead to/bring about/result in 2.对……有害be harmful to.../do harm to... 3.决心做某事make up one's mind to do sth./determine to do sth. 4.减少压力reduce stress 5.与……面对面交谈communicate with...face to face 6.与……相比compared with/to... 7.对……积极乐观be/become positive about... 8.有影响make a difference 造句 1.我花了太多时间在电脑游戏上而不是户外运动，这导致了我的脖子和肩膀疼痛。 I spent too much time on computer games rather than outdoor activities, and it led to my painful neck and shoulder. 2.这让我意识到这种生活方式多么有害健康。It made me realize how harmful this lifestyle was to health. 3.我决心改变这种情况并定期锻炼。I determined to change this situation and took regular exercise. 4.定期锻炼帮助我保持健康、减少压力。Taking regular exercise helped me keep fit and reduce stress. 5.我开始均衡饮食，也开始花更多时间与朋友面对面交谈。I started a balanced diet and began to spend more time communicating with friends face to face. 6.与过去相比，我现在变得对生活更积极乐观了。Compared to the past, I now become more positive about life. 参考答案 In the past, I spent too much time on computer games rather than outdoor activities, and it led to my painful neck and shoulder, making me realize how harmful this lifestyle was to health. Therefore, I determined to change this situation and took regular exercise, which helped me keep fit and reduce stress. In addition, I also started a balanced diet and began to spend more time communicating with friends face to face. Compared to the past, I now become more positive about life and feel better physically and mentally. In a word, all the changes really make a difference and have improved the quality of my life! ［名师点评］本篇写作要点齐全，结构清晰，逻辑顺畅、有条理，并采用了一些高级词汇和表达，展示了作者扎实的语言功底和良好的写作技能。 ( 随堂精练 ) 一 假定你是李华，将参加主题为 "Better Lifestyle, Better Ourselves"的英语演讲比赛。请你根据自己的经历写一篇英文演讲稿，主要内容包括： 1.曾经不健康的生活方式； 2.做出的改变； 3.带来的变化。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Three months ago, I had some unhealthy habits. For example, I often skipped breakfast and liked eating junk food. Besides, I took little physical exercise. As a result, I became overweight and often fell ill. Luckily, I became aware of the bad effects caused by them. To keep fit, I made up my mind to break these bad habits. Firstly, I began to cut out junk food and have a balanced diet. Also, I took exercise actively every day to build up my body. With time passing by, I gradually lost weight and became stronger. By eating properly and doing exercise regularly, I now lead a healthy and wonderful life. 二 最近,你校英文报正在举办主题为“One hour of exercise a day makes a lifetime of health”的征文活动。假定你是李华,请根据以下内容用英语写一篇短文投稿。 1.你对征文主题的理解; 2.你喜欢的运动; 3.该运动给你带来的好处。 注意:1.词数80左右; 2.开头已写好,不计入总词数; 3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 Nowadays, doing sports is becoming more and more popular. 参考范文 　　Nowadays, doing sports is becoming more and more popular. Working out can make a big difference to us. One hour of exercise a day makes a lifetime of health. Doing sports can not only help us reduce our stress but also offer us opportunities to make friends.  My favorite sport is basketball, which makes me healthier and more positive. By playing basketball, I have learned how to deal with others and have realized the importance of teamwork. Losing games teaches me never to give up or lose heart. In short, as a sports lover, I benefit a lot from basketball. Come along! Let's do sports together and enjoy a healthy life, shall we? 三 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华,你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他想强身健体,计划选择一项可以长期坚持的运动并向你寻求建议。请你给他回复邮件,内容包括: 1.推荐的运动;2.推荐的理由。 注意:1.词数80左右; 2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, Yours, Li Hua Dear Jim,  I am glad to learn that you would like to exercise to keep fit. I believe running is the best choice. First of all, running helps quicken the flow of blood and increase oxygen in the body, which strengthen the immune system. What's more, running can become a long⁃term hobby, since it takes only a pair of running shoes and can easily be added to your schedule. Last but not least, running can make you mentally healthy. Just put on your trainers and get started. Then keep going. I'm sure you will get a lot out of running. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua  1.重点词汇 ①first of all首先　②what's more而且;更重要的是　③long⁃term adj.长期的　④last but not least最后但同样重要的是 2.亮点句型 ①First of all, running helps quicken the flow of blood and increase oxygen in the body, which strengthen the immune system.(which引导非限制性定语从句)首先,跑步有助于加快血液的流动,增加体内的氧气,这可以增强免疫系统。  ②What's more, running can become a long⁃term hobby, since it takes only a pair of running shoes and can easily be added to your schedule.(since引导原因状语从句) 更重要的是,跑步可以成为一种长期的爱好,因为它只需要一双跑鞋并且可以很容易地添加到你的日程安排中。  ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit3 Sports and Fitness语法、写作篇 ( 语法精讲 ) 附加疑问句 附加疑问句，又称反意疑问句，主要用于口语，其作用是说话人向对方验证自己的陈述或者判断，也可以用于祈使句表示请求或者建议。 一．附加疑问句的组成 附加疑问句包括陈述部分和附加疑问部分。附加疑问部分一般由助动词、be动词或情态动词和表示主语的代词构成。 组成 例句 肯定式陈述部分+否定附加疑问部分 You are going to the gym with me, aren't you?你要和我一起去健身房，是不是? 否定式陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分 They can't finish the work by Friday, can they? 他们不能在星期五之前完成这项工作，是吗? 含有否定词或半否定词 （never、few、seldom、hardly、rarely、little、nothing、none、no、not、nobody、neither 等）的陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分 You've never been to Paris, have you?你从没去过巴黎，是吗? Nobody saw him walk into the room, did they? 没有人看见他走进房间，是吗? 祈使句+附 加疑问部分 肯定式祈使句+will you？（为使祈使句听起来比较委婉、客气，附加疑问部分还可以用won't you、can you、can't you等） Have another cup of coffee, will you/can you/won't you/can't you?再喝杯咖啡，好吗？ 祈使句+附加疑问部分 否定式祈使句+will you？ Don't close the door, will you? 别关门，好吗？ Let's...，shall we? Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? 我们去听音乐，好吗？ Let us...，will you? Let us wait in the reading room, will you? 我们在阅览室等，好吗？ 注意 1.附加疑问部分的主语应与陈述部分的主语一致，且只能是代词。 2.如果陈述部分出现否定前缀un-、in-、im-、dis- 或后缀 -less,该陈述部分当作肯定句处理,附加疑问部分仍用否定形式。 Tom dislikes the book，doesn't he?汤姆不喜欢那本书，是不是? 3.陈述部分为"I'm…"结构时，附加疑问部分通常用aren't I。 I'm older than you, aren't I?我年纪比你大，对不对？ 完成下列附加疑问句 1.Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night, _________? 2.The tall man over there is our new English teacher, ________? 3.Let's go for a walk in the park, _________？ 4.Don't turn off the computer before closing all programs, _________? 二．附加疑问句的回答 附加疑问句的回答应根据实际情况，而不受提问方式的影响。但在回答"否定式陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分"时，yes译为"不"，no译为"是的"。 —The 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing,weren't they?第29届奥运会是在北京举行的，是不是？ —Yes，they were.是的，是在北京举行的。 —We haven't been informed,have we?我们没有被通知，是吗？ —Yes, we have./No, we haven't.不，我们已经接到通知了。/对，我们还没有接到通知。 ( 综合训练 ) 将下列附加疑问句补充完整 1.Let's have a good rest,_________？ 2.He has never been to a foreign country, ________? 3.Alice had a wonderful time yesterday, ___________? 4.When you've finished reading the book, don't forget to put it back on the shelf, _________? 5.She is unfit for the position, _________? 二．根据语境对下列附加疑问句作出回答 1.—She didn't come to school yesterday, did she? —_____________, though she was not feeling well. 2.—John could hardly play the violin when we knew him, could he? —_______________. But he plays it well now. 3.— Let's go for a walk, shall we? —________, I'm coming. Don't forget to bring your camera, will you? 4.—Your brother often disagrees with you, doesn't he? —____________. We often have different opinions. 5.— Liu Tao has never read the book The Adventure of Tom Sawyer, has he? — ____________. He told me it's very interesting. He'd like to read it again. 三．完成下面的附加疑问句 1.You recognised the man in the car, 　　　　　?  2.There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, 　　　　　?  3.This is a really lively party. There's a great atmosphere, 　　　　　?  4.I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, 　　　　　?  5.It doesn't matter if they want to come to your party, 　　　　　?  6.You and I could hardly work together, 　　　　　?  7.Let's work out a plan that we can all agree on, 　　　　　?  8.When you've finished with that book, don't forget to put it back on the shelf, 　　　　　?  9.Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday, 　　　　　?  10.It's the first time that he has admired the beautiful view, 　　　　　?  11.—I spent two weeks in London last summer. —Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, 　　　　　?  12.He must be helping the old man to water the flowers, 　　　　　?  ( 写作精讲 ) 如何写运动与健康的生活方式有关的文章 本单元的写作以wellness book为背景，涉及运动锻炼和健康方面的内容，对应课标中"人与自我"这一主题语境，要求考生能够就"健康的生活方式"表达自己的想法。 在写这类书面表达时，可采用三段式结构： 描述问题 1.I was worried about my weight and decided to try a new diet. 2.Recently I have been concerned about some pain in my neck. 3.I find it becomes harder for me to fall asleep. 4.I seldom work out. As a result, I was often ill. 措施或建议 1.Doing physical activity is an important factor in maintaining fitness. 2.There is no doubt that running does good to our health. 3.In addition, it does benefit you if you take part in a variety of after-school activities. 4.First, I took part in some sports, such as jogging, swimming and playing basketball. 5.It's very important for us to form healthy eating habits. 6.To keep fit, we should have a healthy and balanced diet, which generally includes… 7.I paid attention to my diet and had the right food, since proper nutrition（/njuˈtrIʃn/n.［U］营养） is the most important for good health. 8.Rather than cutting out the unhealthy foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. 9.The most important thing that I have done is to keep a good state of mind and enjoy what life offers me. 10.Keeping a balanced diet and taking exercise regularly are important part of a healthy lifestyle. 带来的变化 1.Doing exercise in the morning gives me energy as well as a good appetite（胃口） for breakfast. 2.I am more than happy to see the improvement in my health. 典例详析 书面表达 假定你是李华，你校英语报将举办主题为"To live healthily"的英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1.描述自己原有的不良生活方式； 2.采取措施改变不良生活方式的经历； 3.收获或感想。 注意：词数80左右。 审题 选词 1.导致lead to/bring about/result in 2.对……有害be harmful to.../do harm to... 3.决心做某事make up one's mind to do sth./determine to do sth. 4.减少压力reduce stress 5.与……面对面交谈communicate with...face to face 6.与……相比compared with/to... 7.对……积极乐观be/become positive about... 8.有影响make a difference 造句 1.我花了太多时间在电脑游戏上而不是户外运动，这导致了我的脖子和肩膀疼痛。 I spent too much time on computer games rather than outdoor activities, and it led to my painful neck and shoulder. 2.这让我意识到这种生活方式多么有害健康。It made me realize how harmful this lifestyle was to health. 3.我决心改变这种情况并定期锻炼。I determined to change this situation and took regular exercise. 4.定期锻炼帮助我保持健康、减少压力。Taking regular exercise helped me keep fit and reduce stress. 5.我开始均衡饮食，也开始花更多时间与朋友面对面交谈。I started a balanced diet and began to spend more time communicating with friends face to face. 6.与过去相比，我现在变得对生活更积极乐观了。Compared to the past, I now become more positive about life. 参考答案 In the past, I spent too much time on computer games rather than outdoor activities, and it led to my painful neck and shoulder, making me realize how harmful this lifestyle was to health. Therefore, I determined to change this situation and took regular exercise, which helped me keep fit and reduce stress. In addition, I also started a balanced diet and began to spend more time communicating with friends face to face. Compared to the past, I now become more positive about life and feel better physically and mentally. In a word, all the changes really make a difference and have improved the quality of my life! ［名师点评］本篇写作要点齐全，结构清晰，逻辑顺畅、有条理，并采用了一些高级词汇和表达，展示了作者扎实的语言功底和良好的写作技能。 ( 随堂精练 ) 一 假定你是李华，将参加主题为 "Better Lifestyle, Better Ourselves"的英语演讲比赛。请你根据自己的经历写一篇英文演讲稿，主要内容包括： 1.曾经不健康的生活方式； 2.做出的改变； 3.带来的变化。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 二 最近,你校英文报正在举办主题为“One hour of exercise a day makes a lifetime of health”的征文活动。假定你是李华,请根据以下内容用英语写一篇短文投稿。 1.你对征文主题的理解; 2.你喜欢的运动; 3.该运动给你带来的好处。 注意:1.词数80左右; 2.开头已写好,不计入总词数; 3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 Nowadays, doing sports is becoming more and more popular. 三 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华,你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他想强身健体,计划选择一项可以长期坚持的运动并向你寻求建议。请你给他回复邮件,内容包括: 1.推荐的运动;2.推荐的理由。 注意:1.词数80左右; 2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, Yours, Li Hua ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$