2第二章 七选五解题策略与训练-【初高中·衔接直通车】2025年初升高英语衔接直通车

第二章　七选五解题策略与训练 七选五专练 A 【语篇导读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些快速建立友谊的方法。 1.E　根据上文“Many people desire stronger, truer friendships as an adult.(许多人成年后渴望更牢固、更真实的友谊。)”以及后文“How do you leave out the embarrassing chit­chat stage and hit the fast­forward button on a possible friendship? I've learned a few things.(你如何跳过尴尬的闲聊阶段，按下可能的友谊的快进键？我学到了一些东西。)”可知，后文提到了跳过尴尬的闲聊阶段，推测本句与上文构成转折，指出建立友谊过程的困难。故E选项“但是建立这些关系的过程可能是缓慢而尴尬的”符合语境，故选E。 2.G　根据后文“‘What do you think is the best television finale of all time？’This is a great conversation starter as long as it interests you.And if the other person slowly backs away, then you've just saved yourself hours of chatting.(‘你认为有史以来最好的电视大结局是什么？’只要你感兴趣，这是一个很好的开场白。如果对方慢慢后退，那么你就节省了聊天的时间。)”可知，后文主要建议聊自己感兴趣的内容。故G选项“与其毫无风险、毫无深度地聊天，不如直接谈让你兴奋的事情”引出下文，符合语境，故选G。 3.A　根据本段内容“Often our friendships feel shallow because they are based on gossip (八卦，闲聊).It's human nature to focus on a third person to relieve our stress.We share spicy updates about former classmates with our high school friends, or have a drink with colleagues and complained about the boss.But a friendship built on gossip can leave both people feeling exhausted and upset after they hang out.(我们的友谊常常因为建立在流言蜚语的基础上而显得肤浅。把注意力集中在第三者身上来缓解压力是人类的天性。我们和高中同学分享以前同学的趣事，或者和同事喝酒抱怨老板。但是，建立在八卦基础上的友谊可能会让双方在出去玩后都感到疲惫和沮丧。)”可知，本段给出的建议是通过少说流言蜚语来建立友谊，A选项中gossip对应后文gossip。故A选项“少说流言蜚语”符合语境，故选A。 4.C　根据上文“If a friend starts to give you updates on other people you know, it can be helpful to say, ‘I want to hear about what's going on with you.’ Or you can ask yourself, ‘What would I share about myself if I were with my best friend right now？’(如果一个朋友开始告诉你你认识的其他人的最新情况，你可以这样说：‘我想听听你最近的情况。’或者你可以问自己，‘如果我现在和我最好的朋友在一起，我会分享关于我自己的什么？’)”可知，空处应承接上文，说明接下来要分享的内容。故C选项“然后直接跳到你想分享的事情的核心”符合语境，故选C。 5.D　根据后文“They are also, able to share their struggles without fear of judgement.A great way to deepen a friendship is to ask someone, ‘What has been challenging for you the last year？’ Or, ‘What's a belief you have that has changed over the course of your life？’ These are questions we seldom ask each other, but they reveal so much about who we are, and who we're trying to be.(他们也能够分享自己的挣扎，而不用担心被评判。加深友谊的一个好方法就是问对方：‘去年你遇到了什么挑战？’或者，‘在你的一生中，你有什么信念发生了改变？’这些都是我们很少问对方的问题，但它们揭示了我们是谁，我们想成为什么样的人。)”可知，后文提到了分享各自的挣扎，以及对问题的看法，故D选项“真正的朋友会试着了解对方对难题的想法”引出下文，符合语境，故选D。 B 【语篇导读】　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些帮助孩子享受科学的建议。 1.D　上文“Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them.(孩子们一开始是自然科学家，渴望观察周围的世界。)”说明了孩子天生与科学之间的联系，再结合后文“There's no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment.You only have to share your children's curiosity.(不需要很多科学术语或昂贵的实验室设备。你只需要分享你孩子的好奇心。)”可知，后文提到了让孩子们对科学感兴趣不需要很多科学术语或昂贵的实验室设备，说明让孩子享受科学很容易，故D项“Helping them enjoy science can be easy.(帮助他们享受科学很容易。)”符合语境，故选D。 2.E　上文“I once visited a classroom of seven­year­olds to talk about science as a job.After my sharing, a boy raised his hand and asked me some questions, ‘Have you ever seen a grasshopper eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache.Why？’(我曾经访问过一个七岁孩子的教室，把科学作为一项工作来谈论。在我的分享之后，一个男孩举手问了我几个问题：‘你见过蚱蜢吃东西吗？当我试着吃那样的叶子时，我胃痛。为什么？’)”说明作者遇到一个男孩提问的情况，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明男孩的问题引发的结果。E项“This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours.(由此开始了一系列持续了近两个小时的问题。)”符合语境，故选E。 3.C　上文“Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer.(过去30年的研究表明，在一个问题之后，成年人通常只等一秒钟或更短的时间就会说出答案。)”说明成年人并没有留给孩子足够的思考时间。并结合下文“When adults increase their ‘wait time’ to three seconds or more, children give more logical, complete and creative answers.(当大人将“等待时间”增加到三秒或更长时间时，孩子们会给出更有逻辑、完整和创造性的答案。)”说明延长等待时间，孩子可以给出更好的答案。C项“There is no time for a child to think.(孩子没有时间思考。)”构成上文的结果，并引出下文更好的做法。符合语境，故选C。 4.B　下文“Once you have a child in a science discussion, don't jump in with ‘That's right’ or ‘Very good’.These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior.But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over.Instead, keep things going by saying, ‘That's interesting’ or ‘I'd never thought of it that way before，’ or coming up with more questions or ideas.(一旦你让孩子参与到科学讨论中，不要直接说‘那是对的’或‘非常好’。当涉及鼓励良好行为时，这些话很有效。但在谈论科学时，快速的赞美可能意味着讨论结束。相反，你应该继续说：‘这很有趣’或‘我以前从来没有这样想过’，或者提出更多的问题或想法。)”说明本段的主旨在于用什么样的语言鼓励孩子参与科学讨论，B项“Pay attention to your words.(注意你的语言。)”可概括本段内容。故选B。 5.G　上文“Real­life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program.Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass.(现实生活中对自然的印象比孩子们从书本或电视节目中学到的任何课程都要深刻得多。让孩子们用放大镜观察自己的指尖。)”提到了“让孩子们用放大镜观察自己的指尖”，说明要让孩子用观察的方式来理解做一些事情的原因，G项“And they'll understand why you want them to wash before dinner.(他们也会明白你为什么要他们在晚饭前洗手。)”中they对应上文children，说明了让孩子们用放大镜观察自己的指尖，孩子们自然会明白餐前洗手的原因，符合语境，故选G。 C 【语篇导读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何远离电子设备、亲近大自然。 1.B　根据空前的“Go outside and sit down in your own front yard or backyard.(走到外面，坐在你自己的前院或后院。)”可知，此处建议走出去，在自己家的前院或者后院坐坐，B选项“If you live in the city, head for a local park or natural area.(如果你住在城市，去当地的公园或自然区域。)”讲述的内容与空前的go outside内容相关，结合空后的“Bring a notebook with you and write down what you see, smell, hear and feel.(随身携带一个笔记本，写下你所看到的、闻到的、听到的和感觉到的。)”可知，出去的时候带着一个笔记本，做一下记录，上下文衔接。故选B。 2.D　根据空前的“Observe the temperature and weather and the patterns of any animals nearby.(观察周围的温度、天气和动物的习性。)”可知，此处建议观察周围的与大自然相关的一些情况，D选项“Observe the sky and the ground and observe everything around you.(观察天空和地面，观察你周围的一切。)”讲述的是观察周围的一切，与空前的内容吻合，且空后的“Write down your observations in as many details as possible.(尽可能详细地写下你的观察结果。)”与D选项讲述的内容衔接，符合语境。故选D。 3.A　根据空前的“Try to stay disconnected from any electronics that you do not absolutely need to be using once you get home.(当你回到家后，尽量远离那些你不需要使用的电子设备。)”可知，此处建议回家后远离不需要使用的电子设备，由此可推断，此空处建议回家后应做些什么，A选项“Make yourself a cup of herbal tea and read a book if you'd like.(给自己泡一杯花草茶，如果你喜欢的话，可以读一本书。)”讲述的内容是建议回家泡杯茶，或者是读一本书，与空前内容衔接，符合语境。故选A。 4.E　根据本段的主题句以及空前的“Plant a garden.It can be a flower garden, an herb garden, a vegetable garden or just a few potted plants on your windowsill.(种植一个花园。它可以是一个花园，一个香草园，一个菜园，或者只是在你的窗台上放一些盆栽植物。)”可知，本段建议种植一个花园，以此接近大自然，结合空后的“Growing a garden will help your mind understand the life within nature and will bring you closer to the earth, as well as helping to improve air quality.(种植一个花园会帮助你的大脑理解大自然中的生命，让你更接近大地，也有助于改善空气质量。)”可知，终止一个花园会让你更好地理解大自然，接近大地，也可以帮助改善空气质量，由此可知，此空处讲述的是与种植并照料花园相关，E选项“Make sure to take care of your plants and expose them to sunlight and water them every day.(一定要照顾好你的植物，让它们暴露在阳光下，每天浇水。)”讲述的是照顾好种植的植物，承接空前的内容，空后的内容与此选项内容衔接。故选E。 5.G　分析语篇可知，此处为本段的主题句，根据空后的“Recycle, eat organic fruits and vegetables, don't litter and don't waste water.Turn off lights when you're not using them.Don't hurt animals or plants.(循环利用，吃有机水果和蔬菜，不乱扔垃圾，不浪费水。不用灯的时候把灯关掉。不要伤害动物或植物。)”可知，本段讲述的内容与善待大自然，保护环境，节约资源相关，G选项“Be kind to Mother Nature.(善待大自然。)”可以概括本段的内容，符合语境。故选G。 D 【语篇导读】　本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何阻止不安的情绪转变成悲伤。 1.C　根据上文“When you have negative(消极的)emotions and physical symptoms(症状)like stress and anxiety over a long period of time, to the point that it affects your everyday life, you may be experiencing sadness.(当你长时间有负面情绪和身体症状，如压力和焦虑，到影响你日常生活的程度时，你可能会感到悲伤。)”可知，选项承接上文说明悲伤的原因。且呼应下文“like losing a job or having to plan a big event(比如失业或不得不计划一件大事)”。故C选项“它可能源于生活中的重大挑战”。故选C。 2.B　根据下文“If you're feeling anxious or you're having trouble focusing—find a way to remove it.Go outside, go to the bathroom, call a friend, or take a few deep breaths.( 如果你感到焦虑或难以集中注意力，那就想办法消除它。出去走走，上个厕所，给朋友打个电话，或者深呼吸。)”可知，本段主要讲要改变现在的情况。故B选项“改变现状”切题，为本段的标题。故选B。 3.E　根据上文“Go over your situation again.(把你的情况再考虑一遍。)”可知，选项承接上文说明这么做的作用是什么。故E选项“这可以帮助你发现是什么让你不舒服”切题。故选E。 4.G　根据上文“As you describe what happened, name your emotions.(当你描述发生的事情时，说出你的情绪。)”可知，此处讲述说出你的情绪，选项与上文为递进关系说明要表达出你的情绪。故G选项“关键是你应该更具体地表达你的情绪”切题。故选G。 5.F　根据上文“You might ask yourself: Why am I so angry on the road? Is it because I am in a rush? Or is it because I hate sitting in traffic? Then, find ways to lessen the situation.(你可能会问自己：为什么我在路上这么生气？是因为我赶时间吗？还是因为我讨厌堵在路上？然后，想办法减轻这种情况。)”可知，选项具体说明具体措施是什么。故F选项“为了避免赶时间，你可以提前半小时离开家”切题。故选F。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第二章　七选五解题策略与训练 七选五是高中阅读理解中的一种考查阅读的新题型，即给出一篇缺少五个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。该类题型要求从短文后的七个选项中选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。 七选五和传统题型完形填空有些类似，虽然完形填空题考查的是词汇层面，七选五考查的是句子层面，但是它们的考查方式是一样的，只要考生选择的答案能够使行文连贯，符合英文的语法以及习惯表达就行，因此，这两类题型在做题方法上有共同之处。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点，又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。 从《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”可以作出以下判断：该题备选项可分为主旨概括句(文章整体内容)、过渡性句子(文章结构)和注释性句子(上下文逻辑意义)三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。 一般来说，解题步骤为： 1.先读文章的开始部分，明确文章的基本话题，然后仔细阅读五个空各自的前后句，寻找并画出关键词。 2.要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分为三种：词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。可按这几个原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。 3.一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记，以避免干扰和分散注意力。 4.将选项代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次确定选项。 根据试题所在的不同位置确定不同的解题策略。 1.如果空在段首 (1)通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关词，从而推断出主题句。 (2)与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文的第一、二句，锁定线索词，然后在选项中查找相关词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。 (3)段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望，阅读上一段的结尾部分，并结合下一段的内容，将所选的答案代入，看其是否能承上启下，将两段内容连起来。 2.如果空在段尾 (1)重点阅读空前的一两句以锁定关键词。 (2)通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，选项中也可发现前文的同义词、句。 (3)与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。 (4)与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是要补全说明本段主题的其他细节，在选项中会出现表示并列/递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。 (5)所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。 (6)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。 3.如果空构成一整个段 (1)这个段落应该起承上启下的作用，而且自成一体，即有一个段落的中心，因此可重点阅读较长的选项，以此类推，直至找到正确答案。 (2)着重阅读前一段结尾和后一段开头的一两句，寻找相关的线索，而且重要线索通常会在后一段开头，因此后一段开头往往比前一段结尾更重要。 (3)分析段落之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意段落间的衔接手段。将选项代入原文，如果前后内容连贯，符合逻辑，即为正确答案。 A Many people desire stronger，truer friendships as an adult.__1__.How do you leave out the embarrassing chit­chat stage and hit the fast­forward button on a possible friendship? I've learned a few things. Give yourself permission to bore people We all know the safe topics to begin when first meeting someone.But this tendency to play it safe can put off knowing whether you are like­minded with a possible friend.__2__.“What do you think is the best television finale of all time？” This is a great conversation starter as long as it interests you.And if the other person slowly backs away, then you've just saved yourself hours of chatting. __3__ Often our friendships feel shallow because they are based on gossip (八卦，闲聊).It's human nature to focus on a third person to relieve our stress.We share spicy updates about former classmates with our high school friends, or have a drink with colleagues and complained about the boss.But a friendship built on gossip can leave both people feeling exhausted and upset after they hang out. If a friend starts to give you updates on other people you know, it can be helpful to say, “I want to hear about what's going on with you.” Or you can ask yourself, “What would I share about myself if I were with my best friend right now？”__4__. Be curious about who people are, and who they want to be __5__.They are also, able to share their struggles without fear of judgement.A great way to deepen a friendship is to ask someone, “What has been challenging for you the last year？” Or, “What's a belief you have that has changed over the course of your life？” These are questions we seldom ask each other, but they reveal so much about who we are, and who we're trying to be. A.Cut back on the gossip B.Take the gossip seriously C.Then jump to the heart of things that you want to share D.True friends try to know each other's thinking about difficult subjects E.But the process of building these relationships can prove slow and awkward F.True friendships help us get through difficult situations and light up our lives G.Rather than chat without risks but without any depth, go straight to what excites you B Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them.__1___ There's no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment.You only have to share your children's curiosity. Listen to their questions.I once visited a classroom of seven­year­olds to talk about science as a job.After my sharing, a boy raised his hand and asked me some questions, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache.Why？”__2__ Give them time to think.Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer.__3__When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give more logical, complete and creative answers. __4__ Once you have a child in a science discussion, don't jump in with “That's right” or “Very good”.These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior.But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over.Instead, keep things going by saying, “That's interesting”or “I'd never thought of it that way before，” or coming up with more questions or ideas. Show rather than tell.Real­life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program.Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass (放大镜).__5__ A.Do not interrupt. B.Pay attention to your words. C.There is no time for a child to think. D.Helping them enjoy science can be easy. E.This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours. F.So in this way we don't need to develop their interest in science. G.And they'll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. C Nowadays we spend a lot of time on computers, phones and televisions.Connecting to nature is a peaceful and rewarding experience that will inspire your mind and spirit.This article will tell you how to connect to nature in an easy fashion. Go outside and sit down in your own front yard or backyard.__1___ Bring a notebook with you and write down what you see, smell, hear and feel. Observe the temperature and weather and the patterns of any animals nearby.Note the season and the direction of the wind.__2___ Write down your observations in as many details as possible.Make sure to stay relaxed. Try to stay disconnected from any electronics that you do not absolutely need to be using once you get home.__3__ Plant a garden.It can be a flower garden, an herb garden, a vegetable garden or just a few potted plants on your windowsill.__4___ Growing a garden will help your mind understand the life within nature and will bring you closer to the earth, as well as helping to improve air quality. __5__ Recycle, eat organic fruits and vegetables, don't litter and don't waste water.Turn off lights when you're not using them.Don't hurt animals or plants.Consider becoming a vegetarian or vegan. Just go outside and smell the roses! To truly connect to nature, you need to go outside and experience it for yourself! A.Make yourself a cup of herbal tea and read a book if you'd like. B.If you live in the city, head for a local park or natural area. C.Live a low­carbon green life. D.Observe the sky and the ground and observe everything around you. E.Make sure to take care of your plants and expose them to sunlight and water them every day. F.Find an opportunity to go to the countryside to get close to nature and be relaxed. G.Be kind to Mother Nature. D When you have negative (消极的) emotions and physical symptoms(症状)like stress and anxiety over a long period of time, to the point that it affects your everyday life, you may be experiencing sadness.__1__， like losing a job or having to plan a big event.The good news is that there are ways to prevent feelings of discomfort from changing into sadness. __2__ If you're feeling anxious or you're having trouble focusing—find a way to remove it.Go outside, go to the bathroom, call a friend, or take a few deep breaths.Your nervous system is being flooded with stress hormones(荷尔蒙), making it hard to calm down and see things clearly.So you need to change your environment. Relate what happened Go over your situation again.__3__.Do this with a friend, a family member or even yourself, by writing a diary or talking out loud while walking your dog.By doing this, you can remind yourself of details you may have paid no attention to. Name your emotions As you describe what happened, name your emotions.__4__.For example, instead of saying you simply feel annoyed, maybe you actually feel disappointed.You can use the feelings wheel, a tool that can help you express your emotions more accurately. Examine what gives you discomfort If you have terrible road rage(狂怒), have a conversation with yourself about it.You might ask yourself: Why am I so angry on the road? Is it because I am in a rush? Or is it because I hate sitting in traffic? Then, find ways to lessen the situation.__5__.To avoid traffic, ask your boss if you can work from home a couple times a week. A.Learn new words B.Change the situation C.It may result from a major life challenge D.Anger can influence your daily life greatly E.This can help find what is giving you discomfort F.To avoid being rushed, you can leave the house a half hour early G.The key is that you should express your emotions more specifically 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$