精品解析：辽宁省沈阳市南昌中学长白校区2024-2025学年下学期七年级期中考试英语试题

英语 班级：________ 姓名：________ 第一部分 选择题（共80分） 一、听力部分（共30分） 第一节、短对话理解（共8小题：每小题1.5分，共12分） 听下面8段短对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有5秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How old is Alice’s sister? A. Eight years old. B. Nine years old. C. Ten years old. 2. Whose pencil is this? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Bob’s. B. Frank’s. C. Helen’s. 3. Where is the radio? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. On the table. B. On the bed. C. In the box. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When does the boy usually get up? A. At 7:30 a. m. B. At 6:30 a. m. C. At 6:00 a. m. 5. Why is the girl so happy? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Because she has a new friend. B. Because she can go to a party tonight. C. Because she can go to a party this morning. 6. What is Lucy doing? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Doing her homework. B. Washing the dishes. C. Making dinner. 7. What color is Gina’s brother’s cup? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Yellow. B. Red. C. White. 8. What is the girl’s ID card number? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A 20030217 B. 20030721 C. 20130271 第二节、长对话理解（共12小题；每小题1.5分，共18分） 听下面4段长对话。每段对话后有三道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 听材料，回答以下各小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 9. How is Daniel’s home? A. Big. B. Nice. C. Clean. 10. What subject does Daniel’s father teach? A. Chinese. B. Math. C. English. 11. Who is the little boy in the photo? A. Daniel’s brother. B. Daniel’s cousin. C. Daniel’s classmate. 听材料，回答以下各小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 12. What kind of hamburger would the man like? A. A chicken hamburger. B. A beef hamburger. C. A fish hamburger. 13. What would the man like to drink? A. Orange juice. B. Water. C. Milk. 14. How much should the man pay in total? A. $3. B. $8. C. $11. 听对话，回答以下各小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 15. When is the school show? A. Next Friday. B. This Wednesday. C. This Friday. 16. What does Steve like? A. Singing. B. Dancing. C. Playing the guitar. 17. What does Tim look like? A. Tall and thin. B. Short and thin. C. Tall and strong. 听材料，回答以下各小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. What size of clothes does the woman’s son wear? A. Size S. B. Size M. C. Size L. 19. What are on sale? A. Trousers. B. T-shirts. C. Shoes. 20. Where is the woman? A. In a library. B. In a shop. C. In a park. 二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A OPENING HOURS ☆High Season (April to September): 9:00-18:00 every day. ☆Low Season (October to March): 9:00-17:00 every day. TICKET PRICES ☆Line A (): $ 20 each person ☆Line B (): $18 each person THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW ☆Buses for both lines leave every hour from Central Station. ☆Line A takes one hour, Line B takes 50 minutes. ☆If you are taking your pet with you, please buy a seat for it at half price ☆Save 10% if you buy tickets for both lines. ☆Go to www.citysightbus.org for more information. 21. Line A and Line B both stop at ________. A. King James’ Castle B. Lovers’ Bridge C. East-End Temple D. King Henry’s Garden 22. If Bob takes Line B from Central Station at 10:50 a.m., when will he finish the journey? A. 11:50 a.m. B. 11:40 a.m. C. 12:10 p.m. D. 2:00 p.m. 23. How does Bob get more information? A. By making a call. B. By sending a letter. C. By asking a friend. D. By searching online. 24. In which part of the magazine can we read the text? A Travel. B. Art. C. History. D. Sport. B Trees are good for the planet. They are our silent friends and play a very important role in our daily life. They make clean air for us to take in. They give us the shade we need on hot days. Planting trees makes the world a healthier place. They are not just good for people. Birds and other animals need trees as well. Would you like to plant a tree next Earth Day? These steps will show you how. Step 1. Dig a deep hole. Step 2. Place the tree in the hole. Step 3. Place soil around the tree. Step 4. Water the tree. With the help of the above steps, you will plant a tree successfully on Earth day! Be sure to plant a kind of tree that grows naturally in your area. It is better for other plants and animals. Ask your parents or teachers to help you. Planting trees is not only a simple act but also a long-term project. If more people plant trees, our world will become greener and more beautiful. 25. What does the writer think of planting trees for the planet? A. Safe. B. Great. C. Free. D. Difficult. 26. What is the second step to plant a tree? A. Water the tree. B. Dig a deep hole. C. Place the tree in the hole. D. Place soil around the tree. 27. What is the purpose (目的) of the text? A. To teach how to plant a tree B. To share an interesting story. C. To show how to protect trees. D. To ask parents or teachers for help. 28. Bruce is putting some earth around the tree. How many steps are left for him? A. 4. B. 3. C. 1. D. 2. C “—Cats!” “—Dogs!” these look like fighting words. But you may know clearly there are dog people and cat people. Dog people think dogs are “man’s best friends”, but cat people think cats are easier to keep. Sometimes the two groups even argue with each other. Which pet do people like better? Dogs seem to win. A survey showed that people in the US like dogs more than cats. 74% said they liked dogs “a lot”, but only 41% said the same thing about cats. The Pet World newspaper showed that there are around 11,000,000 more dog owners than cat owners in Chinese cities. However, cats seem to have more attention online. People call them “masters” online while the dogs owners are “servants”. Although some people don’t have pet cats, they are doing something called “cloud cat petting”. It means taking pictures and videos of cats online. An article in The Guardian pointed out that dog owners usually go outside to play with their pets or their neighbours’ dogs. But cats are mainly indoor animals, so the Internet becomes a virtual (虚拟的) “cat park” for cat owners. But it doesn’t really matter if you like cats or dogs better. Keeping a relation with any animals can make us feel good. 29. Which one is NOT mentioned in the text? A. Dogs are man’s best friends. B. More Americans like dogs. C. More people like dogs online. D. Keeping animals can make us feel good. 30. If you are outgoing and like outside activities, ________. A. you can keep a dog B. you can write about dogs C. a cat is your good friend D. you can watch videos online 31. What is the best title for the text? A. Man’s best friends B. Dogs are more popular than cats C. Cloud cat petting D. Who is a better pet? 32. How is the text organized? (①-Paragraph 1...) A. B. C. D. D ①Your mom is going to cancel the lunch order, but she doesn’t know the telephone number of the restaurant. What should she do? Your dad is in a hurry to work, but he can’t get a taxi. What should he do? You are self-studying at home, but you don’t know the answer to a question. What should you do? Now, all these problems can be solved easily. AI is shaking up the world now. It has been widely used in many different fields. ②AI in Communication Chatbots (聊天机器人), a kind of AI-driven tool, have become an important part of communication. They can understand and reply to users at once. Whether it’s on websites or mobile apps, chatbots can offer support in real time. Besides, AI users can control smart home tools through voice orders. ③AI in Transportation AI makes a big difference to traffic. For example, some ride-sharing platforms (拼车平台) depend on AI. They use AI to match passengers with drivers and provide better transportation services. And self-driving cars are a main example of AI’s use in transportation, too. With the help of AI, they can reduce a lot of accidents. ④AI in Education AI provides a smart way to education. AI in classrooms can make teaching and learning more interesting. It can also provide students with support outside classrooms. For example, it can help with homework, answer questions, and provide explanations. By analyzing (分析) students’ grades and learning needs, AI can make suitable study plans for them. This can help students achieve their learning goals easier. ⑤All in all, AI is shaping and will continue to shape our everyday experiences. 33. How does the writer introduce the text? A. By telling stories. B. By asking questions. C. By giving examples. D. By giving facts. 34. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Researches on AI in transportation. B. Suggestions on AI in transportation. C. Problems of AI in transportation. D. Advantages (优点) of AI in transportation. 35. What does the underlined word “suitable” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. easy B. right C. simple D. difficult 36. What can we probably infer (推断) from the passage? A. AI can only offer help inside classrooms. B. AI will continue to influence our daily lives. C. Ride-sharing platforms hardly depend on AI. D. It takes a long time for chatbots to rely to users. 阅读短文，从文后所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 As you know homework is a big part of going to school. Luckily, there are some ways to make it easier. ___37___ Make a homework plan Most middle school students have two or three hours of homework a night. ___38___ if it is a heavy homework day. It is a good idea to come up with some kind of homework schedule (进度表), especially if you are going to do sports or other activities after school. Take a break Most people’s attention doesn’t last very long, so take some breaks while doing your homework. Sitting for too long without relaxing will make you less productive (有成效的) than if you stop to take a break regularly. Taking a 15-minute break every hour is a good way for most people. ___39___ A bedroom, study or any room where you can get away from noise is good for you to do your homework. But don’t study on your comfortable bed, or you might fall asleep there. Get help when you need it. Sometimes even though you are listening carefully in class, some subjects seem too hard. The first person to ask for help is your teacher. He or she may be able to work with you before or after school and explain things more clearly. Your classmates may also be able to give you a hand. However, this might not give you the results you want. Lots of people understand something well but are not able to explain it. ___40___ A. Watch where you work B. You will make a better plan. C. Another choice is to search online. D. You may need to spend even more time, E. Here are several suggestions for you to make homework easy. 三、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） The Turtle was not satisfied with his life. He wanted so much to ____41____ being a turtle. “I’m tired of swimming in the sea and moving around on the beach. Life is not ____42____,” he thought. “I want to be able to fly in the air like an eagle.” He spoke to the Eagle about it. “You’re not built for ____43____,” the Eagle told the Turtle. “You don’t have any wings.” “Don’t ____44____ that,” answered the Turtle. “I’ve watched how the birds do it for a long time. I’ve watched ____45____ how they fly and do things in the air. I think I really got it. I don’t have wings, ____46____ I can make my four flippers (鳍足) act like wings of birds in the air, the way I do in the water. Just get me up there, and you’ll see I can fly as well as any of the birds—probably even ____47____! Besides, if you carry me as high as the clouds, I will bring you lots of nice pearls (珍珠) from the sea to show my thanks.” The Eagle ____48____ at last, and carried the Turtle up high into the sky. “Now then!” cried the Eagle. “Fly!” But the moment the Turtle was on his own, he fell from the ____49____. He fell like a stone, and landed on a stone. He hit it with such force that he broke into little pieces. We need to _____50_____ ourselves better so that we can make wiser decisions. 41. A. continue B. stop C. try D. enjoy 42. A. interesting B. healthy C. busy D. hard 43 A. swimming B. running C. flying D. climbing 44. A. look after B. hear about C. prepare for D. worry about 45. A. quickly B. carefully C. quietly D. closely 46. A. so B. but C. and D. until 47. A. better B. lower C. slower D. earlier 48. A. promised B. agreed C. decided D. left 49. A. tree B. house C. sky D. mountain 50 A. relax B. express C. teach D. understand 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 四、（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 语篇填空 Each year, billions of pounds of garbage end up in the oceans. Sometimes people throw away water ___51___ (bottle) or other plastic products. They do not recycle their garbage. People may not know that wind and rain can move garbage ___52___ land to sea. Sometimes, rubbish left on the ground gets blown away by strong wind. When it rains heavily, the water carries the garbage into rivers and seas. Plastic pieces are ___53___ (danger) to the sea animals. When they see the plastic floating on the sea waves, they think it is food, some of them hurt ___54___ (them) and get very sick or even die while trying to swallow (吞下) the plastic. Moreover, plastic ___55___ (take) a very long time to decompose (分解). Even while it starts to break, it just turns into smaller pieces. It can remain in the oceans for hundreds of years ___56___ it is hard to be broken down. Scientist are still working hard on it to find solutions. One group, Washed Ashore, thought of a new idea ___57___ (tell) people about the problems in the oceans. First, they take the garbage from ___58___ beach. Then, they clean and sort it. ___59___ (final), they work with the plastic pieces to make huge works of art. They are mostly about sea creatures. So far, Washed Ashore has created more than seventy works of art. Some of them ____60____ (travel) in a show all over the world now. In one show, people learn how plastic fools fish and other sea animals. 五、（共4小题，61至63小题，每小题2分，64小题4分；满分10分） 阅读与表达 Here are some parts taken from Mary’s diary. Saturday, 25 May Something has changed my mind today. I saw some pictures of the sea animals influenced by the rubbish in the sea. So, I’m going to try and live a more environment-friendly life. Monday, 27 May Today I have decided to stop using plastic wrap (塑料保鲜膜) around my lunch sandwiches. I can use my lunch box instead of the plastic wrap. I told this to my classmates too. I hope to see more classmates join me at school tomorrow. Thursday, 6 June Good news, I saw more of my classmates bring their lunch boxes to school! Tonight, when I was shopping with my mom, I found a shop which doesn’t provide any plastic bags! The idea of the shop is that you bring your own cloth bags. When I left the store with the buys in my own cloth bags, I felt very proud of myself. Friday, 7 June The unbelievable part is that I can actually see a difference in the garbage (垃圾) in my home. The garbage bag is lighter and only one third is filled. I feel excited that I have made a real difference. I’m going to keep saving the world one day at a time. 61. When did Mary tell her classmates to take lunch boxes? ____________________________________________ 62. Where did Mary put her lunch? ____________________________________________ 63. Why does the shop refuse to provide plastic bags? ____________________________________________ 64. What other ways besides (除了……还) the ones in the text can you think of to live an environment-friendly life? Write 30 words or more. ____________________________________________ 六、书面表达（满分20分） 65. 假如你是李辉，你所在的学校启动了“春日播种计划，共筑绿色校园”主题实践活动。校英语社团请你写一封倡议书，内容包括： （1）建立种植园的目的； （2）植物的选择及保护建议； （3）呼吁同学们爱护种植园的绿色生命。 注意： （1）词数80~100，开头已给出，不计入总词数； （2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 Dear friends, Spring has arrived. It is full of hope and everything comes back to life. Our school has started a project named “Spring Sowing Plan, Building a Green Campus”. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$七年级下学期英语听力部分。第一节共八小题，听下面8段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从媒体所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有5秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。When do you have brothers or sisters? Alice. yes, I have a sister. She's ten years old. too. Excuse me, bob, is this pencil, Frank? no. IT isn't. It's . Helens. Three, mom, my radio isn't on the table. Is IT in the box? No, mike, it's on your bed. Four. I usually get up at six thirty, and then I exercise for thirty minutes. You have a good habit. I usually get up at seven thirty. Five, you look very happy, there must be some good news. Yes, I can go to lucis party this evening. Six, is Lucy busy with her homework now? No, SHE is making dinner with her father in the kitchen. I'd like a hamburger. Seven, my cup is yellow. What about yours, gina? My is red and my brothers is White. IT, here is a school d card. It's number is two zero zero, three zero seven, two one. Oh, it's mine. I lost IT this morning. 第二节共十2小题，听下面四段长对话。每段对话后有三道小题，从媒体所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后各小题将给出5秒钟作答时间，每段对话读两遍，听第九段对话回答第9至11题。Welcome to my home, Cindy. Thank you. Your home is very nice. Oh, is that your family photo? Yes. are those your parents? yes. My father is a chinese teacher and my mother is an english teacher. He is a little boy. Is he your brother? erik? No, he is my cousin. Eric is not in the photo. Welcome to my home, Cindy. Thank you. Your home is very nice. Oh, is that your family photo? Yes. are those your parents? yes. My father is a chinese teacher and my mother is an english teacher. He is a little boy. Is he your brother eric? No, he is my cousin. Eric is not in the photo. 听第十段对话，回答第12至14题。Good morning, sir. Good morning. I'd like a hamburger. What kind of hamburger would you like? A chicken hamburger? A fish hamburger? Rural beef? Please give me a chicken hamburger. okay. Would you like any drinks? Oh, orange juice is okay. And how much AK eight dollars . for the hamburger and three dollars for the juice. Good morning, sir. Good morning. I'd like a hamburger. What kind of hamburger would you like? A chicken hamburger, a fish hamburger? Rural beef. Please give me a chicken hamburger. okay. Would you like any drinks? Oh, orange juice is okay. And how much? O, K. Eight dollars for the hamburger and three dollars for the juice. 听第十一段对话，回答第15至17题。There will be a school show this friday. Wow, Steve, it's so great. And I will sing at the school show. good. So you must be good at singing. No, I just like singing. My friend tim is good at playing the guitar. He is tall and thin. We will be on the show together. Both of you at all. You will be shining stars on the show. There will be a school show this friday. Wow, Steve, it's so great. And I will sing at the school show. good. So you must be good at singing. No, I just like singing. My friend tim is good at playing the guitar. He is tall and thin. We will be on the show together. Both of you at all. You will be shining stars on the show. 听第十二段对话，回答第18至20题。Good morning, madam. What can I do for you? I'd like to buy a tea shirt for my son. He one size us. okay. How about this White one? IT sells well . these days. Oh, IT looks nice. I'll take IT. Our shoes are on sale. Would you like to have a look? No, thanks. Good morning, madam. What can I do for you? I'd like to buy a tea shirt for my son. He, well. sizes s okay. How about this White one? IT sells well . these days. Oh, IT looks nice. I'll take IT. Our shoes are on sale. Would you like to have a look? No, thanks. 听力部分结束。 英语 班级：________ 姓名：________ 第一部分 选择题（共80分） 一、听力部分（共30分） 第一节、短对话理解（共8小题：每小题1.5分，共12分） 听下面8段短对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有5秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How old is Alice’s sister? A. Eight years old. B. Nine years old. C. Ten years old. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】M:Do you have brothers or sisters, Alice? W:Yes, I have a sister. She is ten years old. 2. Whose pencil is this? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Bob’s. B. Frank’s. C. Helen’s. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Excuse me, Bob. Is this pencil Frank’s? M: No, it isn’t. It’s Helen’s. 3. Where is the radio? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. On the table. B. On the bed. C. In the box. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Mom, my radio isn’t on the table. Is it in the box? W: No, Mike. It’s on your bed. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When does the boy usually get up? A. At 7:30 a. m. B. At 6:30 a. m. C. At 6:00 a. m. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】W:I usually get up at six thirty and then I exercise for thirty minutes. M:You have a good habit. I usually get up at seven thirty. 5. Why is the girl so happy? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Because she has a new friend. B. Because she can go to a party tonight. C. Because she can go to a party this morning. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: You look very happy. There must be some good news. W: Yes I can go to Lucy’s party this evening. 6. What is Lucy doing? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Doing her homework. B. Washing the dishes. C. Making dinner. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Is Lucy busy with her homework now? W: No. She is making dinner with her father in the kitchen. M: I’d like a hamburger. 7. What color is Gina’s brother’s cup? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Yellow. B. Red. C. White. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: My cup is yellow. What about yours, Gina? W: Mine is red. And my brother’s is white. 8. What is the girl’s ID card number? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. 20030217 B. 20030721 C. 20130271 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Here is a school ID card. Its number is two zero zero three zero seven two one. W: Oh, it’s mine. I lost it this morning. 第二节、长对话理解（共12小题；每小题1.5分，共18分） 听下面4段长对话。每段对话后有三道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 听材料，回答以下各小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 9. How is Daniel’s home? A. Big. B. Nice. C. Clean. 10. What subject does Daniel’s father teach? A. Chinese. B. Math. C. English. 11. Who is the little boy in the photo? A. Daniel’s brother. B. Daniel’s cousin. C. Daniel’s classmate. 【答案】9. B 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【原文】M:Welcome to my home, Cindy. W:Thank you, Daniel. Your home is very nice. Oh, is that your family photo? M:Yes. W:Are those your parents? M:Yes. My father is a Chinese teacher and my mother is an English teacher. W:Who’s the little boy? Is he your brother Eric? M:No, he is my cousin. Eric is not in the photo. 听材料，回答以下各小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 12. What kind of hamburger would the man like? A. A chicken hamburger. B. A beef hamburger. C. A fish hamburger. 13. What would the man like to drink? A Orange juice. B. Water. C. Milk. 14. How much should the man pay in total? A. $3. B. $8. C. $11. 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Good morning, sir. M: Good morning. I’d like a hamburger. W: What kind of hamburger would you like. A chicken hamburger, a fish hamburger or a beef hamburger? M: Please give me a chicken hamburger. W: OK. Would you like any drinks? M: Oh, orange juice is okay. And how much are they? W: Eight dollars for the hamburger and three dollars for the juice. 听对话，回答以下各小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 15. When is the school show? A. Next Friday. B. This Wednesday. C. This Friday. 16. What does Steve like? A. Singing. B. Dancing. C. Playing the guitar. 17. What does Tim look like? A. Tall and thin. B. Short and thin. C. Tall and strong. 【答案】15. C 16. A 17. A 【解析】 【原文】M: There will be a school show this Friday. W: Wow! Steve, it’s so great. M: And I will sing at the school show. W: Good. So you must be good at singing. M: No, I just like singing. My friend Tim is good at playing the guitar. He is tall and thin. We will be on the show together. W: Both of you at all. You will be shining stars on the show. 听材料，回答以下各小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. What size of clothes does the woman’s son wear? A. Size S. B. Size M. C. Size L. 19. What are on sale? A. Trousers. B. T-shirts. C. Shoes. 20. Where is the woman? A. In a library. B. In a shop. C. In a park. 【答案】18. A 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Good morning, madam. What can I do for you? W: I’d like to buy a T-shirt for my son. He wear Size S. M: OK. How about this white one? It sells well these days. W: Oh, it looks nice. I’ll take it. M: Our shoes are on sale. Would you like to have a look? W: No. Thanks. 二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A OPENING HOURS ☆High Season (April to September): 9:00-18:00 every day. ☆Low Season (October to March): 9:00-17:00 every day. TICKET PRICES ☆Line A (): $ 20 each person ☆Line B (): $18 each person THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW ☆Buses for both lines leave every hour from Central Station. ☆Line A takes one hour, Line B takes 50 minutes. ☆If you are taking your pet with you please buy a seat for it at half price ☆Save 10% if you buy tickets for both lines. ☆Go to www.citysightbus.org for more information. 21. Line A and Line B both stop at ________. A. King James’ Castle B. Lovers’ Bridge C. East-End Temple D. King Henry’s Garden 22. If Bob takes Line B from Central Station at 10:50 a.m., when will he finish the journey? A. 11:50 a.m. B. 11:40 a.m. C. 12:10 p.m. D. 2:00 p.m. 23. How does Bob get more information? A. By making a call. B. By sending a letter. C. By asking a friend. D. By searching online. 24. In which part of the magazine can we read the text? A. Travel. B. Art. C. History. D. Sport. 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了两条公交线路以及与线路有关的营业时间、票价和乘坐须知等信息。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据图片信息可知，Line A和Line B都在Lovers’ Bridge停靠。故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Line A takes one hour, Line B takes 50 minutes.”可知，Line B需要花费50分钟，如果上午10:50乘车，上午11:40可结束行程。故选B。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Go to www.citysightbus.org for more information.”可知，可以在线搜索获得更多信息。故选D。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了两条公交线路以及与线路有关的营业时间、票价和乘坐须知等信息，与旅行相关。故选A。 B Trees are good for the planet. They are our silent friends and play a very important role in our daily life. They make clean air for us to take in. They give us the shade we need on hot days. Planting trees makes the world a healthier place. They are not just good for people. Birds and other animals need trees as well. Would you like to plant a tree next Earth Day? These steps will show you how. Step 1. Dig a deep hole. Step 2. Place the tree in the hole. Step 3. Place soil around the tree. Step 4. Water the tree. With the help of the above steps, you will plant a tree successfully on Earth day! Be sure to plant a kind of tree that grows naturally in your area. It is better for other plants and animals. Ask your parents or teachers to help you. Planting trees is not only a simple act but also a long-term project. If more people plant trees, our world will become greener and more beautiful. 25. What does the writer think of planting trees for the planet? A. Safe. B. Great. C. Free. D. Difficult. 26. What is the second step to plant a tree? A. Water the tree. B. Dig a deep hole. C. Place the tree in the hole. D. Place soil around the tree. 27. What is the purpose (目的) of the text? A. To teach how to plant a tree B. To share an interesting story. C To show how to protect trees. D. To ask parents or teachers for help. 28. Bruce is putting some earth around the tree. How many steps are left for him? A. 4. B. 3. C. 1. D. 2. 【答案】25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树木对地球的重要性以及如何种植树木的步骤。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章“Planting trees makes the world a healthier place.”和“If more people plant trees, our world will become greener and more beautiful.”可知，植树使世界变得更健康。如果更多的人植树，我们的世界将变得更加绿色和美丽。由此可知作者认为植树对地球非常好。故选B。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Step 2. Place the tree in the hole.”可知，第二步是将树放入坑中。故选C。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章“These steps will show you how.”和全文介绍的植树步骤可知，本文的目的是教读者如何植树。故选A。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章“Step 3. Place soil around the tree. Step 4. Water the tree.”可知，Bruce正在完成第三步（填土），接下来只剩第四步（浇水）。故选C。 C “—Cats!” “—Dogs!” these look like fighting words. But you may know clearly there are dog people and cat people. Dog people think dogs are “man’s best friends”, but cat people think cats are easier to keep. Sometimes the two groups even argue with each other. Which pet do people like better? Dogs seem to win. A survey showed that people in the US like dogs more than cats. 74% said they liked dogs “a lot”, but only 41% said the same thing about cats. The Pet World newspaper showed that there are around 11,000,000 more dog owners than cat owners in Chinese cities. However, cats seem to have more attention online. People call them “masters” online while the dogs owners are “servants”. Although some people don’t have pet cats, they are doing something called “cloud cat petting”. It means taking pictures and videos of cats online. An article in The Guardian pointed out that dog owners usually go outside to play with their pets or their neighbours’ dogs. But cats are mainly indoor animals, so the Internet becomes a virtual (虚拟的) “cat park” for cat owners. But it doesn’t really matter if you like cats or dogs better. Keeping a relation with any animals can make us feel good. 29. Which one is NOT mentioned in the text? A. Dogs are man’s best friends. B. More Americans like dogs. C. More people like dogs online. D. Keeping animals can make us feel good. 30. If you are outgoing and like outside activities, ________. A. you can keep a dog B. you can write about dogs C. a cat is your good friend D. you can watch videos online 31. What is the best title for the text? A. Man’s best friends B. Dogs are more popular than cats C. Cloud cat petting D. Who is a better pet? 32. How is the text organized? (①-Paragraph 1...) A. B. C. D. 【答案】29. C 30. A 31. D 32. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人们对猫和狗的不同喜好以及各自的优缺点。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“However, cats seem to have more attention online.”可知，猫似乎在网上得到了更多的关注，也就是说更多的人在网上喜欢猫，不是狗，选项C不符合文意。故选C。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“dog owners usually go outside to play with their pets or their neighbours’ dogs.”可知狗主人通常出去和他们的宠物或邻居的狗玩，由此可以推断，外向且喜欢户外活动的人更适合养狗。故选A。 【31题详解】 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文围绕“猫和狗哪个更适合作为宠物”展开讨论，列举了各自的优缺点和人们的偏好，因此D选项“谁更适合作为宠物？”最能概括全文主旨。故选D。 【32题详解】 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章结构为：①引出猫狗之争的话题；②-④人们对猫和狗的不同喜好以及各自的优缺点；⑤总结观点。选项D的图示（总分总）最符合文章结构。故选D。 D ①Your mom is going to cancel the lunch order, but she doesn’t know the telephone number of the restaurant. What should she do? Your dad is in a hurry to work, but he can’t get a taxi. What should he do? You are self-studying at home, but you don’t know the answer to a question. What should you do? Now, all these problems can be solved easily. AI is shaking up the world now. It has been widely used in many different fields. ②AI in Communication Chatbots (聊天机器人), a kind of AI-driven tool, have become an important part of communication. They can understand and reply to users at once. Whether it’s on websites or mobile apps, chatbots can offer support in real time. Besides, AI users can control smart home tools through voice orders. ③AI in Transportation AI makes a big difference to traffic. For example, some ride-sharing platforms (拼车平台) depend on AI. They use AI to match passengers with drivers and provide better transportation services. And self-driving cars are a main example of AI’s use in transportation, too. With the help of AI, they can reduce a lot of accidents. ④AI in Education AI provides a smart way to education. AI in classrooms can make teaching and learning more interesting. It can also provide students with support outside classrooms. For example, it can help with homework, answer questions, and provide explanations. By analyzing (分析) students’ grades and learning needs, AI can make suitable study plans for them. This can help students achieve their learning goals easier. ⑤All in all, AI is shaping and will continue to shape our everyday experiences. 33. How does the writer introduce the text? A. By telling stories. B. By asking questions. C. By giving examples. D. By giving facts. 34. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Researches on AI in transportation. B. Suggestions on AI in transportation. C. Problems of AI in transportation. D. Advantages (优点) of AI in transportation. 35. What does the underlined word “suitable” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. easy B. right C. simple D. difficult 36. What can we probably infer (推断) from the passage? A. AI can only offer help inside classrooms. B. AI will continue to influence our daily lives. C. Ride-sharing platforms hardly depend on AI. D. It takes a long time for chatbots to rely to users. 【答案】33. C 34. D 35. B 36. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人工智能在不同领域的应用及其对日常生活的影响。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章①段“Your mom is going to cancel the lunch order, but she doesn’t know the telephone number of the restaurant...Your dad is in a hurry to work, but he can’t get a taxi...You are self-studying at home, but you don’t know the answer to a question...Now, all these problems can be solved easily. AI is shaking up the world now.”可知，此处通过AI应用于取消午餐的订单，打出租车以及回答问题来引出AI的多领域作用，由此可知作者通过举例的方式引入话题。故选C。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章③段“They use AI to match passengers with drivers and provide better transportation services...With the help of AI, they can reduce a lot of accidents.”可知，在AI的帮助下，平台能提供更好的服务，并且自动驾驶汽车可以减少很多事故。由此可知本段主要讨论AI在交通领域的优势。故选D。 【35题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章④段“By analyzing students’ grades and learning needs, AI can make suitable study plans”可知，通过分析学生的成绩和学习需求，AI可以制定合适的学习计划，“suitable”意为“合适的”，与“right”同义。故选B。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章⑤段“AI is shaping and will continue to shape our everyday experiences”可知，AI将持续影响日常生活。故选B。 阅读短文，从文后所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 As you know, homework is a big part of going to school. Luckily, there are some ways to make it easier. ___37___ Make a homework plan Most middle school students have two or three hours of homework a night. ___38___ if it is a heavy homework day. It is a good idea to come up with some kind of homework schedule (进度表), especially if you are going to do sports or other activities after school. Take a break Most people’s attention doesn’t last very long, so take some breaks while doing your homework. Sitting for too long without relaxing will make you less productive (有成效的) than if you stop to take a break regularly. Taking a 15-minute break every hour is a good way for most people. ___39___ A bedroom, study or any room where you can get away from noise is good for you to do your homework. But don’t study on your comfortable bed, or you might fall asleep there. Get help when you need it. Sometimes even though you are listening carefully in class, some subjects seem too hard. The first person to ask for help is your teacher. He or she may be able to work with you before or after school and explain things more clearly. Your classmates may also be able to give you a hand. However, this might not give you the results you want. Lots of people understand something well but are not able to explain it. ___40___ A. Watch where you work B. You will make a better plan. C. Another choice is to search online. D. You may need to spend even more time, E. Here are several suggestions for you to make homework easy. 【答案】37. E 38. D 39. A 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何让做作业变得更轻松的几种方法。 【37题详解】 根据“there are some ways to make it easier.”可知，此处提到有方法可以让它更容易，选项E“这里有几个建议，让你的作业更容易。”符合语境。故选E。 【38题详解】 根据“if it is a heavy homework day”可知，此处提到繁重的作业日，选项D“你可能需要花更多的时间，”符合语境。故选D。 【39题详解】 根据“A bedroom, study or any room where you can get away from noise is good for you to do your homework. But don’t study on your comfortable bed, or you might fall asleep there.”可知，此处说的是学习的地方，选项A“注意你学习的地方”符合语境。故选A。 【40题详解】 根据“Get help when you need it.”可知，本段是与寻求帮助有关，选项C“另一种选择是在线搜索。”符合语境。故选C。 三、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） The Turtle was not satisfied with his life. He wanted so much to ____41____ being a turtle. “I’m tired of swimming in the sea and moving around on the beach. Life is not ____42____,” he thought. “I want to be able to fly in the air like an eagle.” He spoke to the Eagle about it. “You’re not built for ____43____,” the Eagle told the Turtle. “You don’t have any wings.” “Don’t ____44____ that,” answered the Turtle. “I’ve watched how the birds do it for a long time. I’ve watched ____45____ how they fly and do things in the air. I think I really got it. I don’t have wings, ____46____ I can make my four flippers (鳍足) act like wings of birds in the air, the way I do in the water. Just get me up there, and you’ll see I can fly as well as any of the birds—probably even ____47____! Besides, if you carry me as high as the clouds, I will bring you lots of nice pearls (珍珠) from the sea to show my thanks.” The Eagle ____48____ at last, and carried the Turtle up high into the sky. “Now then!” cried the Eagle. “Fly!” But the moment the Turtle was on his own, he fell from the ____49____. He fell like a stone, and landed on a stone. He hit it with such force that he broke into little pieces. We need to _____50_____ ourselves better so that we can make wiser decisions. 41. A. continue B. stop C. try D. enjoy 42. A. interesting B. healthy C. busy D. hard 43. A. swimming B. running C. flying D. climbing 44. A. look after B. hear about C. prepare for D. worry about 45. A. quickly B. carefully C. quietly D. closely 46. A. so B. but C. and D. until 47. A. better B. lower C. slower D. earlier 48. A. promised B. agreed C. decided D. left 49. A. tree B. house C. sky D. mountain 50. A. relax B. express C. teach D. understand 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. B 46. B 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇寓言故事，讲述了一只不满足现状的乌龟想学飞鹰飞翔，最终摔得粉身碎骨的故事，告诫人们要认清自我。 【41题详解】 句意：他非常想不再做一只乌龟。 continue继续；stop停止；try尝试；enjoy享受。根据下文“I’m tired of swimming in the sea and moving around on the beach.”可知，乌龟对现状感到厌烦，所以想要停止做乌龟。故选B。 【42题详解】 句意：生活一点也不有趣。 interesting有趣的；healthy健康的；busy忙碌的；hard困难的。根据“I’m tired of swimming in the sea and moving around on the beach. Life is not...”可知，乌龟对现状感到厌烦，推测他觉得生活无趣，interesting符合文意。故选A。 【43题详解】 句意：你不是为飞行而生的。 swimming游泳；running奔跑；flying飞行；climbing攀爬。根据下文“You don’t have any wings.”可知，乌龟没有翅膀，不适合飞行。故选C。 【44题详解】 句意：别担心。 look after照顾；hear about听说；prepare for准备；worry about担心。根据下文“I think I really got it.”可知，乌龟对飞行很自信，他让鹰不用担心他飞行的问题。故选D。 【45题详解】 句意：我仔细观察过它们是如何飞行和在空中做事情的。 quickly快速地；carefully仔细地；quietly安静地；closely紧密地。根据下文“I think I really got it.”可推测，乌龟仔细观察过其他鸟飞行后认为自己掌握飞行要领，于是胸有成竹。故选B。 【46题详解】 句意：虽然我没有翅膀，但我能让我的四只鳍肢像鸟儿的翅膀一样在空中划动——就像我在水里游动时那样。 so因此；but但是；and并且；until直到。“I don’t have wings”和“I can make my four flippers (鳍足) act like wings of birds in the air”是转折关系，应用but连接。故选B。 【47题详解】 句意：只要把我带上去，你们就会看到我能和任何鸟儿飞得一样好——说不定还更厉害呢！ better更好；lower更低；slower更慢；earlier更早。根据“I can fly as well as any of the birds—probably even...”可知，此处是递进语气，表示飞得更好。故选A。 【48题详解】 句意：鹰最后同意了，把乌龟带上了天。 promised承诺；agreed同意；decided决定；left离开。根据上文“Just get me up there”和“carried the Turtle up high into the sky.”可知，鹰最后同意了乌龟带他上天的请求。故选B。 【49题详解】 句意：可乌龟刚独自飞行，就从天上掉了下来。 tree树；house房子；sky天空；mountain山。根据上文“carried the Turtle up high into the sky.”可知，鹰把乌龟带上天，乌龟应是从天上掉下来。故选C。 【50题详解】 句意：我们需要更好地了解自己，这样我们才能做出更明智的决定。 relax放松；express表达；teach教导；understand了解。通读全文可知，本文通过一只不满足现状的乌龟想学飞鹰飞翔，最终摔得粉身碎骨的故事，告诫我们要了解自己才能做出更明智的决定。故选D。 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 四、（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 语篇填空 Each year, billions of pounds of garbage end up in the oceans. Sometimes people throw away water ___51___ (bottle) or other plastic products. They do not recycle their garbage. People may not know that wind and rain can move garbage ___52___ land to sea. Sometimes, rubbish left on the ground gets blown away by strong wind. When it rains heavily, the water carries the garbage into rivers and seas. Plastic pieces are ___53___ (danger) to the sea animals. When they see the plastic floating on the sea waves, they think it is food, some of them hurt ___54___ (them) and get very sick or even die while trying to swallow (吞下) the plastic. Moreover, plastic ___55___ (take) a very long time to decompose (分解). Even while it starts to break, it just turns into smaller pieces. It can remain in the oceans for hundreds of years ___56___ it is hard to be broken down. Scientist are still working hard on it to find solutions. One group, Washed Ashore, thought of a new idea ___57___ (tell) people about the problems in the oceans. First, they take the garbage from ___58___ beach. Then, they clean and sort it. ___59___ (final), they work with the plastic pieces to make huge works of art. They are mostly about sea creatures. So far, Washed Ashore has created more than seventy works of art. Some of them ____60____ (travel) in a show all over the world now. In one show, people learn how plastic fools fish and other sea animals. 【答案】51. bottles 52. from 53. dangerous 54. themselves 55. takes 56. because 57. to tell 58. the 59. Finally 60. are traveling 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了海洋垃圾对海洋生物造成的危害以及“Washed Ashore”团队通过收集海滩垃圾并将其制作成艺术品来提高公众对海洋污染问题的意识。 【51题详解】 句意：有时人们会扔掉塑料水瓶或其他塑料制品。根据“or other plastic products.”可知此处用名词复数bottles“瓶”。故填bottles。 【52题详解】 句意：人们可能不知道风和雨会把垃圾从陆地移到海洋。根据“move garbage...land to sea”可知是结构from...to...“从……到……”。故填from。 【53题详解】 句意：塑料碎片对海洋动物来说是危险的。作be动词的表语用形容词dangerous“危险的”。故填dangerous。 【54题详解】 句意：当它们看到塑料在海浪上漂浮时，它们以为那是食物，有些动物在试图吞下塑料时会伤害自己，变得生病甚至死亡。此处主语和宾语是同一个，故此处用反身代词themselves“它们自己”。故填themselves。 【55题详解】 句意：此外，塑料需要很长时间才能分解。句子用一般现在时，主语是plastic，谓语动词用单三。故填takes。 【56题详解】 句意：它可以在海洋中存留数百年，因为很难被分解。后句是前句的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 【57题详解】 句意：一个名为“Washed Ashore”的团队想出了一个新主意，向人们讲述海洋中的问题。根据“a new idea...people about the problems...”可知此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to tell。 【58题详解】 句意：首先，他们从海滩上收集垃圾。此处表示特指，用定冠词the。故填the。 【59题详解】 句意：最后，他们用塑料碎片制作巨大的艺术品。此处修饰整个句子用副词finally“最后”。故填Finally。 【60题详解】 句意：其中一些现在正在全球各地的展览中展出。根据“now”可知此处表示动作正在进行，用现在进行时，主语是Some of them，be动词用are。故填are traveling。 五、（共4小题，61至63小题，每小题2分，64小题4分；满分10分） 阅读与表达 Here are some parts taken from Mary’s diary. Saturday, 25 May Something has changed my mind today. I saw some pictures of the sea animals influenced by the rubbish in the sea. So, I’m going to try and live a more environment-friendly life. Monday, 27 May Today I have decided to stop using plastic wrap (塑料保鲜膜) around my lunch sandwiches. I can use my lunch box instead of the plastic wrap. I told this to my classmates too. I hope to see more classmates join me at school tomorrow. Thursday, 6 June Good news, I saw more of my classmates bring their lunch boxes to school! Tonight, when I was shopping with my mom, I found a shop which doesn’t provide any plastic bags! The idea of the shop is that you bring your own cloth bags. When I left the store with the buys in my own cloth bags, I felt very proud of myself. Friday, 7 June The unbelievable part is that I can actually see a difference in the garbage (垃圾) in my home. The garbage bag is lighter and only one third is filled. I feel excited that I have made a real difference. I’m going to keep saving the world one day at a time. 61. When did Mary tell her classmates to take lunch boxes? ____________________________________________ 62. Where did Mary put her lunch? ____________________________________________ 63. Why does the shop refuse to provide plastic bags? ____________________________________________ 64. What other ways besides (除了……还) the ones in the text can you think of to live an environment-friendly life? Write 30 words or more. ____________________________________________ 【答案】61. On Monday, 27 May. 62. In her own cloth bags. 63. To encourage people to bring their own cloth bags. 64. 示例：We can use reusable water bottles instead of plastic ones, take public transport more, and recycle waste properly to reduce plastic use and protect the environment.（答案不唯一，合理阐述环保方式即可） 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了Mary受海洋垃圾影响海洋生物的图片触动，决定践行环保生活，包括不用塑料保鲜膜装午餐、呼吁同学用午餐盒，发现不提供塑料袋的商店并自带布袋购物，还因家中垃圾减少而感到环保行动有成效。 【61题详解】 文中“Monday, 27 May”部分提到“Today I have decided to stop using plastic wrap (塑料保鲜膜) around my lunch sandwiches. I can use my lunch box instead of the plastic wrap. I told this to my classmates too.”，清晰表明是在5月27日（周一）告诉同学们用午餐盒。故填On Monday, 27 May. 【62题详解】 从“Thursday, 6 June”部分“When I left the store with the buys in my own cloth bags, I felt very proud of myself.”以及前文对午餐相关描述，可推断出午餐放在自己的布袋里。故填In her own cloth bags. 【63题详解】 “Thursday, 6 June”中提到“Tonight, when I was shopping with my mom, I found a shop which doesn’t provide any plastic bags! The idea of the shop is that you bring your own cloth bags.”，说明商店不提供塑料袋是为了鼓励人们自带布袋。故填To encourage people to bring their own cloth bags. 【64题详解】 除文中之外的环保生活方式，我们可以从减少塑料使用（用可重复使用水瓶）、绿色出行（多乘公共交通）、资源回收（合理回收垃圾）等角度阐述，符合环保生活且满足字数要求。故填We can use reusable water bottles instead of plastic ones, take public transport more, and recycle waste properly to reduce plastic use and protect the environment.（答案不唯一，合理阐述环保方式即可） 六、书面表达（满分20分） 65. 假如你是李辉，你所在的学校启动了“春日播种计划，共筑绿色校园”主题实践活动。校英语社团请你写一封倡议书，内容包括： （1）建立种植园目的； （2）植物的选择及保护建议； （3）呼吁同学们爱护种植园的绿色生命。 注意： （1）词数80~100，开头已给出，不计入总词数； （2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 Dear friends, Spring has arrived. It is full of hope and everything comes back to life. Our school has started a project named “Spring Sowing Plan, Building a Green Campus”. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Dear friends, Spring has arrived. It is full of hope and everything comes back to life. Our school has started a project named “Spring Sowing Plan, Building a Green Campus”. The purpose of setting up the plantation is to let us get close to nature, learn about plant growth, and develop a sense of responsibility for the environment. We can choose easy-to-grow plants like sunflowers and tomatoes. To protect them, we should water them regularly and set up warning signs to prevent damage. We can also take turns to care for different areas. Dear classmates, let’s cherish every plant in the plantation. Together, we can make our campus greener and more beautiful! Li Hui 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏信息，可适当发挥。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开篇点题，说明活动名称和季节背景； 第二步，分点说明种植园的目的、植物选择及保护建议； 第三步，用祈使句呼吁行动，结尾署名。 [亮点词汇] ①set up the plantation建立种植园 ②get close to接近 ③develop a sense of responsibility培养责任感 ④take turns to do sth.轮流做某事 [高分句型] let’s cherish every plant in the plantation.（祈使句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$