精品解析：上海市浦东区部分学校2024-2025学年八年级下学期英语期末试卷

2024学年八年级英语第二学期期末学业质量检测 Part 1 Listening（第一部分 听力）25% Ⅰ. Listen and choose the right picture. （根据你听到的句子，选出相应的图片）（5%） A. B. C. D E. F. 1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ Ⅱ. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear.（根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（6%） 6. A. Two weeks B. Only a week C. Three weeks D. Five weeks 7. A. 100 dollars B. 30 dollars C. 130 dollars D. 113 dollars 8. A. By the window B. At the library C. In the playground D. In the teachers’ office 9. A. Listen to the knock on the door B. Look out of the window C. Look through the peephole D. Check the doorbell 10. A. A drama club B. A reading club C. A movie club D. A computer club 11. A. Jim wants to book a room in the hotel. B. Jim is complaining about the noise. C. Room 103 is empty now. D. The hotel will get Jim another room. Ⅲ. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false.（判断下列句子是否符合短文，符合的用T，不符合的用F表示）（6%） 12. Something was wrong with Tom’s ears because of a serious illness. 13. The doctor said Tom’s right ear was deaf. 14. Tom laughed louder than his friends after his friend told an interesting joke. 15. Tom thought his friends’ joke was uninteresting. 16. Tom’s friends thought Tom’s joke is more interesting than the former one. 17. Tom made a fool of himself because his joke was the same as the first one. Ⅳ. Listen to the passage and complete the sentences.（听短文，完成下列句子，每空限填一词）（8%） 18. When students first arrive in a ___________ ___________, they find everything about the country interesting. 19. Language is a big problem for living. Students feel upset when they are unable to make ___________ ___________. 20. They may start to like the local food and are keen to ___________ ___________ local people. 21. Once they have gone through the most difficult stage, life will get ___________ ___________. Part 2 Phonetic, Vocabulary and Grammar （第二部分 语音、词汇和语法）39% Ⅴ. Choose the best answer.（选择最恰当答案）（15%） 1. Can you see ________ boy in brown over there? He is my cousin. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能看见那边那个穿棕色衣服的男孩吗？他是我的表弟。 考查冠词的用法。根据“boy in brown over there”可知，此处是特指那个穿棕色衣服的男孩，所以用定冠词the。故选C。 2. Tony missed the first bus, so he had to wait for ________ one to arrive. A. other B. others C. the other D. another 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：托尼没赶上第一辆公共汽车，所以他不得不等下一辆来。 考查代词辨析。other其他的，后接名词；others其他的人或物；the other两者中的另一个；another泛指三者及以上的另一个。根据“so he had to wait for…one to arrive.”可知，此处泛指另外一辆公共汽车。故选D。 3. —Are you going to buy the white shoes? —No, I prefer red ________. A. ones B. one C. those D. that 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你打算买白色的鞋子吗？——不，我更喜欢红色的。 考查不定代词的用法。one指代单数名词，表示泛指概念，“同名异物”，其复数形式是ones，ones指代复数名词；those指代可数名词复数，是特指；that指代可数名词单数或不可数名词，也是特指。shoes为复数名词，所以排除B和D项，再分析语境可知空格处泛指“红色的鞋子”，没有具体说哪一双，所以使用ones。故选A。 4. Is there any difference between your idea and ________? A he B. his C. she D. her 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】试题分析：句意：你的想法和他的之间有什么差异？he他，人称代词主格；his他的，可以做形容词性物主代词，也可做名词性物主代词；she她，人称代词主格；her她，她的，可以做人称代词宾格，也可以做形容词性物主代词。此处缺少名词，所以要用名词性物主代词，本题选B。 考点：考查代词的用法 5 My mother seemed ________with my spelling mistakes. She was a bit angry. A. happy B. happily C. unhappy D. unhappily 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我妈妈似乎对我的拼写错误感到不高兴。她有点生气。 考查形容词辨析。happy高兴的，形容词；happily高兴地，副词；unhappy不高兴的，形容词；unhappily不高兴地，副词。seem是系动词，后接形容词作表语，排除 B、D 选项。根据“She was a bit angry.”可知妈妈有点生气，说明她对我的拼写错误不高兴，用unhappy。故选C。 6. We ________ keep our classroom clean because it is our duty. A. can B. may C. ought to D. need 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们应该保持教室清洁，因为这是我们的责任。 考查情态动词用法。can能；may可能；ought to应该；need需要。根据“because it is our duty.”可知，保持教室干净是我们的职责，所以是我们应该做的。故选C。 7. Fire is useful to us, but sometimes it is dangerous. So we must be careful ________ it. A. by B. for C. to D. with 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：火对我们有用，但是有时候很危险。因此我们必须格外小心。 考查介词。by通过；for为了；to向；with和，有。根据“it is dangerous”可知表示“用火要小心”，用短语“be careful with sth./sb.”。故选D。 8. The new technology enables us ________ the task in a short time. A. to complete B. complete C. completing D. completed 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：新技术使我们在短时间内完成任务。 考查非谓语动词用法。enable sb. to do sth.“使某人能够做某事”，固定搭配。故空处需动词不定式。故选A。 9. —Don’t forget to ask him to write to me. — I won’t. As soon as he ________, I’ll ask him to write to you. A. will come B. came C. comes D. is coming 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——不要忘记叫他给我写信。——我不会忘记的。他一回来，我就叫他给你写信。 考查动词的时态。句子是“as soon as”引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时表示将来。主语是“he”，是第三人称单数，表达“来”，从句动词用“comes”。故选C。 10. Mum didn’t feel like ________ in such hot weather. A. cook B. to cook C. cooking D. cooked 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：妈妈不想在这么热的天气做饭。 考查动名词作宾语。feel like doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“想要做某事”，所以此处使用动名词形式cooking。故选C。 11. All the street lights ________ because of the power cut last night. A. went wrong B. went on C. went out D. went down 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：因为昨晚停电，所有的路灯都灭了。 考查动词短语。went wrong出故障；went on继续；went out (灯、火) 熄灭；went down下降。根据“because of the power cut last night”可知，是灯熄灭了。故选C。 12. _____ special idea to show the hot social problems in the movie! A. What B. What a C. What an D. How 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：在这部电影中有多么特殊的一个主意来展示社会热点问题！ 考查感叹句。感叹句的结构有三种：“What a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其他！”“What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语+其他！”“How +形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他！”题干中的中心词idea是可数名词单数，special以辅音音素开头，其前用不定冠词a；此处用What a符合题意。故选B。 【点睛】对于涉及感叹句题目，做题时要先确定感叹句的中心词，若中心词是可数名词单数，用“What a/an …”；若中心词是不可数名词或可数名词复数，用“What …”；若中心词是形容词或副词，用“How …”。 13. Sorry for the inconvenience, for the workers ________ the museum at the moment. A. are repairing B. were repairing C. repaired D. have repaired 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：很抱歉给您带来不便，因为工作人员此刻正在修复博物馆。 考查时态辨析。repair意为“修理；修复”。根据时间状语“at the moment”可知此处表示此刻正在做的事情，用现在进行时，其结构为be doing。故选A。 14. Listen to this song, ________ you’ll feel completely relaxed. A. for B. but C. or D. and 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：听这首歌，你会感到完全放松。 考查连词辨析。for因为；but但是；or或者，否则；and并且。分析句子可知，此处是“祈使句+and/or+简单句”的句式，前后句是顺承关系，表示“听这首歌”的结果是“感到放松”，应用连词and。故选D。 15. A: Benny broke his left leg when he played football yesterday. B: ________ A. That’s too bad. B. Really? He is unlucky. C. Oh, I’m so sorry to hear that. How is he now? D. He deserved it. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：A: Benny昨天踢足球的时候把他的左腿摔断了。B：喔，很抱歉听到那个。他现在怎样了？ 考查情景交际。That’s too bad那太坏了；Really? He is unlucky真的吗？他太不走运了；Oh, I’m so sorry to hear that. How is he now喔，很抱歉听到那个。他现在怎样了；He deserved it他活该。根据“broke his left leg”可知，是摔断了左腿，应表示遗憾和关心。故选C。 Ⅵ. Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.（用所给方框内的词进行填空，每个单词只能使用一遍）（8分） A. events B. nearly C. play D. at E. until Scotland is a country in Great Britain, to the north of England. It has ____16____ 800 islands, but people only live on some of them. Scotland is a beautiful country with many mountains, forests, beaches, rivers and lakes. In northern Scotland, it is light ____17____ 11:30 p.m. in summer and in winter you can sometimes see the Northern Lights. At public and cultural ____18____, you can often hear traditional music and see traditional dancing. Pipers ____19____ music on bagpipes (风笛), a Celtic wind instrument that has pipes and a bag. A. scenery B. invented C. hiking D. mix F. spoken There are three languages in Scotland. Most people speak English or Scots. Scots is created by young and old people and people sometimes ____20____ Scots and English. Around one percent of Scottish people speak Scottish Gaelic. The most popular sport in Scotland is football. Another popular game, golf, was first ____21____ in Scotland in the Middle Ages. Beyond team sports and golf, Scotland’s dramatic ____22____ also offers chances for outdoor activities and relaxation. You can go ____23____ or snowboarding in winter at Scotland’s five mountain ski resorts, primarily located in the Cairngorms. Why not spread your wings to visit it? 【答案】16. B 17. E 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. B 22. A 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了苏格兰的地理、文化、语言和体育特色。 【16题详解】 句意：它有将近800个岛屿，但人们只在其中一些岛屿上居住。根据“It has...800 islands, but people only live on some of them.”和备选词可知，这里表示数量接近800，nearly意为“将近，几乎”，符合句意。故选B。 【17题详解】 句意：在苏格兰北部，夏天直到晚上11:30天都是亮的，冬天有时你可以看到北极光。根据“In northern Scotland, it is light...11:30 p. m. in summer...”和备选词可知，这里说的是到晚上11:30天都是亮的，until意为“直到……为止”，符合句意。故选E。 【18题详解】 句意：在公共和文化活动中，你经常可以听到传统音乐并看到传统舞蹈。根据“At public and cultural..., you can often hear traditional music and see traditional dancing.”和备选词可知，在公共和文化“活动”中能听到音乐看到舞蹈，events意为“活动”，符合句意。故选A。 【19题详解】 句意：风笛手用风笛演奏音乐，风笛是一种有管子和袋子的凯尔特管乐器。根据“Pipers...music on bagpipes (风笛), a Celtic wind instrument that has pipes and a bag.”和备选词可知，风笛手“演奏”音乐，play有“演奏”的意思，符合句意。故选C。 【20题详解】 句意：苏格兰语是由年轻人和老年人共同创造的，人们有时会将苏格兰语和英语混合使用。根据“Scots is...by young and old people...”和备选词可知，根据“...and people sometimes...Scots and English.”和备选词可知，这里表示把低地苏格兰语和英语“混合”，mix意为“混合”，符合句意。故选D。 【21题详解】 句意：另一项受欢迎的运动，高尔夫球，是在中世纪的苏格兰被发明的。根据“Another popular game, golf, was...in Scotland in the Middle Ages.”和备选词可知，高尔夫球是在苏格兰“被发明”的，invented是invent的过去分词，be invented表示“被发明”，符合句意。故选B。 【22题详解】 句意：除了团队运动和高尔夫球，苏格兰壮观的自然风光也为人们提供了进行户外活动和放松身心的机会。根据“offers chances for outdoor activities and relaxation.”可知，自然风光可以为人们提供户外活动和放松身心的机会。scenery“风景”符合句意。故选A。 【23题详解】 句意：冬天你可以在苏格兰的五个山地滑雪胜地远足或玩单板滑雪。根据“You can go... or...in winter at Scotland’s five mountain ski resorts.”和备选词可知，这里说的是冬天在滑雪胜地的运动，go hiking意为“去远足”，和snowboarding并列，符合句意。故填C。 Ⅶ. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.（用所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（6%） 24. Changsha is one of the greatest tourist ________ in my mind. (attract) 【答案】attractions 【解析】 【详解】句意：长沙是我心目中最伟大的旅游景点之一。tourist attraction“旅游胜地”，名词短语，根据空前的“one of”可知，one of the +形容词最高级表示 “最……之一”，此处用复数形式attractions。故填attractions。 25. Our school held a party for us to celebrate our ________ birthday. (fourteen) 【答案】fourteenth 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们学校为我们举办了一个聚会来庆祝我们的十四岁生日。空处修饰单数名词birthday，用序数词形式fourteenth“第十四”。故填fourteenth。 26. They are too tired to go any ________. (far) 【答案】farther 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们太累了，再也走不动了。根据“They are too tired to go any…”的语境可知，此处指太累了，不能再走远了，有比较的含义，用比较级形式farther，强调距离。故填farther。 27 Harry was ________ because his friends didn’t remember him. (puzzle) 【答案】puzzled 【解析】 【详解】句意：哈利很困惑，因为他的朋友们不记得他了。分析句子结构可知，此处应用所给词的形容词形式puzzled“困惑的”，作表语。故填puzzled。 28. The manager showed us around the company ________. (person) 【答案】personally 【解析】 【详解】句意：经理亲自带我们参观了公司。修饰动词showed用副词，person“人”为名词，personally意为“亲自地”，为副词。故填personally。 29. At last, all the staff agreed to ________ the meeting. (conclusion) 【答案】conclude 【解析】 【详解】句意：最后，全体工作人员同意结束会议。agree to do sth.“同意做某事”，是固定搭配，conclude“结束”符合。故填conclude。 Ⅷ. Rewrite the following sentences as required.（按要求改写句子）（10%） 30. She spread her arms to hug all the children happily. (改为否定句) She ________ ________ her arms to hug all the children happily. 【答案】 ①. didn’t ②. spread 【解析】 【详解】句意：她张开双臂高兴地拥抱所有的孩子。原句为肯定句，谓语动词是spread（此处spread为过去式，其原形与过去式同形），需要借助did来构成否定句，并在did后加not（缩写为didn’t），同时将原句的谓语动词spread还原为原形（但此处spread原形与过去式相同，所以形式不变），其他部分保持不变。故填didn’t；spread。 31. The twins will go to France to further their studies. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ the twins go to France? 【答案】 ①. Why ②. will 【解析】 【详解】句意：这对双胞胎将去法国深造。根据题干可知，划线部分“to further their studies”是动词不定式，在句中表目的，对其提问可以使用疑问词why；根据原句中的“will”可知时态为一般将来时，所以变成疑问句时仍使用助动词will。故填Why；will。 32. Yesterday evening, I woke up only after the alarm clock rang. (保持句意不变) Yesterday evening, I ________ wake up ________ the alarm clock rang. 【答案】 ①. didn’t ②. until 【解析】 【详解】句意：昨天晚上，闹钟响了，我才醒过来。此处可表述为“我直到闹钟响才醒来”；not…until“直到……才”，原句时态为一般过去时，应借助助动词did构成否定句，did和not可缩写为didn’t。故填didn’t；until。 33. “Do you plan to visit the EuroDisney with me?” Jason asked Tom. (改为宾语从句) Jason asked Tom ________ he ________ to visit the EuroDisney with him. 【答案】 ①. if##whether ②. planned 【解析】 【详解】句意：“你打算和我一起去欧洲迪斯尼乐园吗？”杰森问汤姆。分析题干，变含有一般疑问句的两个句子为宾语从句的复合句时，应用if或whether引导宾语从句，意为“是否……”，则第一空用if或whether；后接陈述句语序，其时态应与主句的一般过去时一致，则第二空处应用plan的过去式作谓语。故填if/whether；planned。 34. John, tells, what happened, us, in his own words, to him (连词成句) ____________________________________. 【答案】John tells us what happened to him in his own words 【解析】 【详解】根据所给词及标点可知，此句为陈述句；John“约翰”；tells sb. sth.“告诉某人某事”，us“我们”，作tell的间接宾语；what happened to him“他发生什么事”，作tell的直接宾语；in his own words“用他自己的话”。故填John tells us what happened to him in his own words“约翰用他自己的话告诉我们他身上发生了什么”。 Part 3 Reading and Writing（阅读与写话）36% Ⅸ. Reading Comprehension.（阅读理解）（26%） A. Choose the best answer.（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）（6%） If a flood (洪水) happens where you live, you need to be prepared. Here’s how to do it. ●Make an emergency kit (应急包). Keep it in an easy-to-reach place. It should include things such as water, canned food, a flashlight and first-aid kit. ●Prepare waterproof clothing and a life jacket. ●Put your valuables in waterproof bags and keep them somewhere safe. Follow these tips to stay out of danger during a flood. ●Look out for flood warnings. ●Go to higher ground and stay there. ●Do not try to walk or drive through flooded areas, as they can be deeper than you think. ●Leave your car. It won’t help you if it gets stuck in the water. Even after the flood ends, it might not be safe to return home quite yet. ●Keep following the latest local news. ●Don’t use electronics until they are fully dry. ●Don’t use or touch anything that the water touched, including food. ●Don’t forget that viruses (病毒) can spread after a flood. 35. What should not go in your emergency kit? A. Bottled water. B. Valuables. C. Canned food. D. First-aid kit. 36. When a flood comes, you should go to ________. A. higher ground B. an empty square C. a riverbank D. an underground station 37. What should you do if your car gets stuck in floodwater? A. Stay inside and wait for help. B. Leave the car immediately. C. Try to drive faster. D. try to pull the car out. 38. When the flood is over, you should ________. A. collect food from the water B. turn on lights even if they are wet C. protect yourself from viruses D. stop wasting time on weather news 39. After a flood, when is it safe to use electronics again? A. As soon as the power comes back. B. When they are fully dry. C. Right after the flood ends. D. Only if they were not touched by water 40. We will probably read the passage ________. A. on a notice board B. in a story book C. in a travel guide D. in a newspaper 【答案】35. B 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述洪水爆发时和结束后人们应该怎么做。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Make an emergency kit. Keep it in an easy-to-reach place. It should include things such as water, canned food, a flashlight and first-aid kit”可知，你的应急包里里面应该包括水、罐头食品、手电筒和急救箱等物品，B选项“贵重物品”不包括。故选B。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Go to higher ground and stay there.”可知，当洪水来临的时候，你应该往高处走，待在那里。故选A。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Leave your car. It won’t help you if it gets stuck in the water.”可知，如果你的车被困在洪水中，那就尽快离开它。故选B。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Don’t use electronics until they are fully dry. Do not use or touch anything that the water touched, including food. Don’t forget that viruses can spread after a flood”可知，洪水结束后，不要使用电子产品、不要使用或触摸任何被水接触过的东西，别忘了洪水过后病毒会传播。可推断洪水过后，你需要保护自己远离病毒。故选C。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Don’t use electronics until they are fully dry.”可知，在电子产品完全干透之后，才能使用它们。故选B。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据“If a flood happens where you live, you need to be prepared. Here’s how to do it”可知，本文主要讲述如果你住的地方发生了洪水，你应该怎么做。可推断本文来自报纸。故选D。 B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.（选择最恰当的单词或词语，用A、B、C、D表示，填入空格）（6%） Everybody knows that Edison is a famous scientist. But few people have ____41____ his kindness and tolerance (宽容) towards others. The following is a story about him. After hundreds of experiments, Edison had at last ____42____ a working bulb (电灯泡). It was the first electric light bulb that had ever been made, and Edison was full of pride. He had dreamed of this moment for years “Take it upstairs, Jimmy,” he said, handing it to his helper. ____43____, there was a crash (巨响). Edison turned around and saw that his bulb had fallen to the ground and broken into pieces. Jimmy had let the bulb slip (滑落) through his fingers carelessly. Edison said nothing, but everyone could imagine what his thoughts were. He went back to his work table and set to work once more to make another bulb A few days later, a new bulb was finally ready. It was ____44____ on the table in front of its maker. Then Edison, with a smile, handed the new bulb to Jimmy. “Be careful this time,” he said. He was giving the young man another chance. Jimmy did not break it, so we have millions of bulbs in the world today. As a saying goes, “Not the power to ____45____, but it’s very opposite, the power to forget, is a necessary condition for our existence (存在).” Life is too short and no one is ____46____. If we can forgive others, we will have a better life. 41. A. heard about B. worried about C. thought about D. looked about 42. A. sold B. produced C. accepted D. checked 43. A. Luckily B. Excitingly C. Finally D. Suddenly 44. A. fallen B. held C. taken D. laid 45. A. receive B. remember C. keep D. improve 46. A. strong B. nice C. bad D. perfect 【答案】41. A 42. B 43. D 44. D 45. B 46. D 【解析】 【导语】本文通过爱迪生宽容助手打碎灯泡的故事，说明宽容是美好生活的必要条件。 【41题详解】 句意：但很少有人听说过他对别人的善良和宽容。 heard about听说；worried about担心；thought about考虑，思考；looked about四下观望。根据下文“The following is a true story about him.”可知，此处指很少有人听说过他对人善良和宽容的故事。故选A。 【42题详解】 句意：经过数百次实验，爱迪生终于制造出了一个可以工作的灯泡。 sold卖；produced制造；accepted接受；checked检查。根据下文“It was the first electric light bulb that had ever been made”可知，爱迪生制造出了一个灯泡。故选B。 【43题详解】 句意：突然，一声巨响。 Luckily幸运地；Excitingly刺激地；Finally最后；Suddenly突然。灯泡摔碎是意外事件，Suddenly符合。故选D。 【44题详解】 句意：它被放在制造者面前的桌子上。 fallen落下；held拿着；taken拿；laid放置。根据空后“on the table”可知，它被放在桌子上在。故选D。 【45题详解】 句意：不是记忆的力量，但恰恰相反，忘记的力量是我们存在的必要条件。 receive收到；remember记得；keep保持；improve改进。根据“but it’s very opposite, the power to forget”可知，与“忘记”相反的是“记住”。故选B。 【46题详解】 句意：人生苦短，没有人是完美的。 strong强壮的；nice美好的；bad坏的；perfect完美的。根据下文“ If we can forgive others, we will have a better life.”可知，我们要原谅其他人，由此可知没有人是完美的，谁都会犯错。故选D。 C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.（在短文空白处填入适当的词语，使其内容通顺，每空一词，首字母已给）（7%） Two NASA astronauts have been told that they will have to wait until next year before they can come home. In June, Suni Williams and Butch Wilmore flew Boeing’s Starliner capsule (星际客机太空舱) on its first crewed test flight to the International Space Station (ISS) . A ____47____ they made it successfully to the ISS, things started to go wrong with the capsule. It began leaking helium (氦) and had t____48____ with its thrusters (推进器). After two months of trying to fix the issues, NASA has decided it is not safe for their r____49____ trips. The craft will now try to come back to Earth unmanned but Williams and Wilmore will have to wait for a SpaceX spacecraft to come and get them in February. While they wait, they need to c____50____ to work. A lot of researches are still needed to be carried out. There are other astronauts on board the ISS for them to talk to and more supplies have been sent to the station. However, it means their eight-day mission will finally l____51____ eight months! Boeing is a US company that is better known for developing and building aero planes. Along with o____52____ companies, such as SpaceX and Blue Origin, in recent years it has begun building spacecraft. After a detailed discussion, they all agreed to work with NASA to transport astronauts s____53____. 280 people from 23 different countries have visited the ISS. Travelling at five miles per second, the ISS orbits (绕……轨道运行) the Earth once every 90 minutes. 【答案】47. (A)lthough 48. (t)rouble 49. (r)eturn 50. (c)ontinue 51. (l)ast 52. (o)ther 53. (s)afely 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了两名NASA宇航员因波音星际客机太空舱故障被迫滞留国际空间站，需等待SpaceX飞船接回的事件。 【47题详解】 句意：尽管他们成功抵达了国际空间站，但太空舱开始出现问题。根据“…they made it successfully to the ISS, things started to go wrong with the capsule”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处句意发生了转折，although“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，句首首字母大写。故填(A)lthough。 【48题详解】 句意：它开始泄漏氦气，推进器也出现故障。根据“leaking helium”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指推进器也出现故障，have trouble with… “在……方面有问题”。故填(t)rouble。 【49题详解】 句意：在试图解决这些问题两个月后，美国国家航空航天局认为这对他们的返程不安全。根据下文“The craft will now try to come back to Earth unmanned but Williams and Wilmore will have to wait for a SpaceX spacecraft to come and get them in February.”并结合首字母提示可知，两位航天员将不得不等待2月份SpaceX的一艘飞船来接他们，此处指返回地球的返程，return trips“返程旅行”。故填(r)eturn。 【50题详解】 句意：等待期间，他们需要继续工作。根据下文“A lot of researches are still needed to be carried out.”并结合首字母提示可知，他们需要继续工作，continue“继续”，need to do sth.“需要做某事”。故填(c)ontinue。 【51题详解】 句意：然而，这意味着他们8天的任务最终将持续8个月！根据“eight months”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指持续时长，last“持续”，根据空前的“will”可知，此处用动词原形。故填(l)ast。 【52题详解】 句意：与其他公司，如SpaceX和Blue Origin，近年它开始建造航天器。根据“Along with…companies, such as SpaceX and Blue Origin”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指其他公司，other“其他的” ，形容词作定语符合。故填(o)ther。 【53题详解】 句意：经详细讨论，他们都同意与NASA合作安全运送宇航员。根据“they all agreed to work with NASA to transport astronauts…”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指安全运送宇航员，应用副词safely“安全地”，修饰动词“transport”。故填(s)afely。 D. Answer the questions.（根据短文内容回答下列问题）（7%） Oliver had moved to a little town called Willow Creek with his family. As he settled into his new home, he couldn’t help but feel a bit nervous about starting at a new school. He wondered whether he would make friends and fit in with the other kids. The morning of Oliver’s first day at Willow Creek Middle School arrived, and he felt a mix of excitement and worry. As he entered the school gates, Oliver stopped for a moment before joining a group of kids chatting happily. He quickly became friends with them, especially with the lovely and adventurous Maya. One day, Oliver and Maya were given a task to work together on a science fair project. They decided to look into the differences in plant growth in different types of soil. As the science fair came, Oliver and Maya presented their project to the judges and their classmates and won the first place. After that, Oliver and Maya became famous at the school. However, some people started making comments about how Maya was “too bossy”, or how Oliver should be in charge because he was a boy. Oliver didn’t understand why gender should determine who has the final say. To break the stereotypes (刻板印象), Oliver and Maya decided to team up for the school talent show. They put on a musical drama that displayed their personal strengths. It also proved that boys and girls could work together as equals. The audience were amazed by their talent and unity, and the message of gender equality spread throughout the school. As the school year came to an end, Oliver and Maya reflected on their journey together. They had faced challenges and stereotypes, but _____________________. 54. Was Oliver worried about studying at a new school? ________________________________ 55. What kind of person was Maya? ________________________________ 56. What was Oliver and Maya’s science fair project about? ________________________________ 57. What problem did they meet with after becoming famous at the school? ________________________________ 58. Why did Oliver and Maya put on a musical drama on the talent show? ________________________________ 59. What can be filled in the blank to complete the sentence? They had faced challenges and stereotypes, but ________________________________. 【答案】54. Yes, he was. 55. She was lovely and adventurous. 56. It was about the differences in plant growth in different types of soil. 57. Some people made comments about gender stereotypes. 58. To break gender stereotypes and show boys and girls could work as equals. 59. they had overcome them together 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了Oliver转学到新学校后与Maya成为朋友，两人合作完成科学项目并获奖，随后面对性别刻板印象时，通过才艺表演传递平等理念的故事。 【54题详解】 根据“he couldn’t help but feel a bit nervous about starting at a new school”可知，Oliver担心新学校的生活。故填Yes, he was. 【55题详解】 根据“especially with the lovely and adventurous Maya.”可知，Maya的性格特点是可爱且富有冒险精神的。故填She was lovely and adventurous. 【56题详解】 根据“They decided to look into the differences in plant growth in different types of soil.”可知，他们决定研究不同土壤中植物生长的差异。故填It was about the differences in plant growth in different types of soil. 【57题详解】 根据“some people started making comments about how Maya was ‘too bossy’, or how Oliver should be in charge because he was a boy”可推知，他们遇到的性别刻板印象问题。故填Some people made comments about gender stereotypes. 【58题详解】 根据“To break the stereotypes (刻板印象), Oliver and Maya decided to team up for the school talent show. They put on a musical drama that displayed their personal strengths. It also proved that boys and girls could work together as equals.”可知，表演的目的是打破性别刻板印象。故填To break gender stereotypes and show boys and girls could work as equals. 【59题详解】 根据全文内容可知，他们面对挑战和刻板印象，但最终一起克服了。故填they had overcome them together。 Ⅶ. Writing（作文）：（共10分） 60. Suppose you are now travelling in a city. You are going to send a postcard to your friend, Mary. Write your postcard, telling her what you did, what you are doing and what you are going to do. Don’t forget to tell your feelings as well. (假设你在一个城市旅游，你打算给你的朋友寄张明信片，告诉他/她你做过的事，正在做的事和打算做的事，还有你的感受。) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Dear Mary, How are you? I’m having a wonderful time in this city! Yesterday, I visited the famous museum and saw many old paintings. Right now, I’m writing this postcard and enjoying a cup of coffee. Tomorrow, my parents are going to take me to a special exhibition. We can see some beautiful artworks made of ice and snow. I’m looking forward to going to the exhibition. I feel very excited and happy. Best wishes, Li Ming 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析]    题材: 这是一篇应用文，为书信作文。 时态: 使用“一般过去时”描述做过的事；使用“现在进行时”描述当前的活动，用“一般将来时”描述明天的计划。 提示: 写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示内容中“提示信息”的要求均要一一阐述，适当发挥。 [写作步骤]    第一步，描述做过的事； 第二步，描述当前的活动及明天计划要做的事情； 第三步：表达期待和感受。 [亮点词汇]    ①a cup of coffee一杯咖啡 ②made of 由……制成 ③look forward to 盼望 [高分句型] ①We can see some beautiful artworks made of ice and snow. (过去分词短语作定语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年八年级英语第二学期期末学业质量检测 Part 1 Listening（第一部分 听力）25% Ⅰ. Listen and choose the right picture. （根据你听到的句子，选出相应的图片）（5%） A. B. C. D. E. F. 1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ Ⅱ. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear.（根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（6%） 6. A. Two weeks B. Only a week C. Three weeks D. Five weeks 7. A. 100 dollars B. 30 dollars C. 130 dollars D. 113 dollars 8. A. By the window B. At the library C. In the playground D. In the teachers’ office 9. A. Listen to the knock on the door B. Look out of the window C. Look through the peephole D. Check the doorbell 10. A. A drama club B. A reading club C. A movie club D. A computer club 11. A. Jim wants to book a room in the hotel. B. Jim is complaining about the noise. C. Room 103 is empty now. D. The hotel will get Jim another room. Ⅲ. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false.（判断下列句子是否符合短文，符合的用T，不符合的用F表示）（6%） 12. Something was wrong with Tom’s ears because of a serious illness. 13. The doctor said Tom’s right ear was deaf. 14. Tom laughed louder than his friends after his friend told an interesting joke. 15. Tom thought his friends’ joke was uninteresting. 16. Tom’s friends thought Tom’s joke is more interesting than the former one. 17. Tom made a fool of himself because his joke was the same as the first one. Ⅳ. Listen to the passage and complete the sentences.（听短文，完成下列句子，每空限填一词）（8%） 18. When students first arrive in a ___________ ___________, they find everything about the country interesting. 19. Language is a big problem for living. Students feel upset when they are unable to make ___________ ___________. 20. They may start to like the local food and are keen to ___________ ___________ local people. 21. Once they have gone through the most difficult stage, life will get ___________ ___________. Part 2 Phonetic, Vocabulary and Grammar （第二部分 语音、词汇和语法）39% Ⅴ. Choose the best answer.（选择最恰当答案）（15%） 1. Can you see ________ boy in brown over there? He is my cousin. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. Tony missed the first bus, so he had to wait for ________ one to arrive. A. other B. others C. the other D. another 3. —Are you going to buy the white shoes? —No, I prefer red ________. A. ones B. one C. those D. that 4. Is there any difference between your idea and ________? A. he B. his C. she D. her 5. My mother seemed ________with my spelling mistakes. She was a bit angry. A. happy B. happily C. unhappy D. unhappily 6. We ________ keep our classroom clean because it is our duty. A. can B. may C. ought to D. need 7. Fire is useful to us, but sometimes it is dangerous. So we must be careful ________ it. A. by B. for C. to D. with 8. The new technology enables us ________ the task in a short time. A. to complete B. complete C. completing D. completed 9. —Don’t forget to ask him to write to me. — I won’t. As soon as he ________, I’ll ask him to write to you. A. will come B. came C. comes D. is coming 10. Mum didn’t feel like ________ in such hot weather. A. cook B. to cook C. cooking D. cooked 11. All the street lights ________ because of the power cut last night. A. went wrong B. went on C. went out D. went down 12. _____ special idea to show the hot social problems in the movie! A. What B. What a C. What an D. How 13. Sorry for the inconvenience, for the workers ________ the museum at the moment. A. are repairing B. were repairing C. repaired D. have repaired 14. Listen to this song, ________ you’ll feel completely relaxed. A. for B. but C. or D. and 15. A: Benny broke his left leg when he played football yesterday. B: ________ A. That’s too bad. B. Really? He is unlucky. C. Oh, I’m so sorry to hear that. How is he now? D. He deserved it. Ⅵ. Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.（用所给方框内的词进行填空，每个单词只能使用一遍）（8分） A. events B. nearly C. play D. at E. until Scotland is a country in Great Britain, to the north of England. It has ____16____ 800 islands, but people only live on some of them. Scotland is a beautiful country with many mountains, forests, beaches, rivers and lakes. In northern Scotland, it is light ____17____ 11:30 p.m. in summer and in winter you can sometimes see the Northern Lights. At public and cultural ____18____, you can often hear traditional music and see traditional dancing. Pipers ____19____ music on bagpipes (风笛), a Celtic wind instrument that has pipes and a bag. A. scenery B. invented C. hiking D. mix F. spoken There are three languages in Scotland. Most people speak English or Scots. Scots is created by young and old people and people sometimes ____20____ Scots and English. Around one percent of Scottish people speak Scottish Gaelic. The most popular sport in Scotland is football. Another popular game, golf, was first ____21____ in Scotland in the Middle Ages. Beyond team sports and golf, Scotland’s dramatic ____22____ also offers chances for outdoor activities and relaxation. You can go ____23____ or snowboarding in winter at Scotland’s five mountain ski resorts, primarily located in the Cairngorms. Why not spread your wings to visit it? Ⅶ. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.（用所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（6%） 24. Changsha is one of the greatest tourist ________ in my mind. (attract) 25. Our school held a party for us to celebrate our ________ birthday. (fourteen) 26. They are too tired to go any ________. (far) 27. Harry was ________ because his friends didn’t remember him. (puzzle) 28. The manager showed us around the company ________. (person) 29. At last, all the staff agreed to ________ the meeting. (conclusion) Ⅷ. Rewrite the following sentences as required.（按要求改写句子）（10%） 30. She spread her arms to hug all the children happily. (改否定句) She ________ ________ her arms to hug all the children happily. 31. The twins will go to France to further their studies. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ the twins go to France? 32. Yesterday evening, I woke up only after the alarm clock rang. (保持句意不变) Yesterday evening, I ________ wake up ________ the alarm clock rang. 33. “Do you plan to visit the EuroDisney with me?” Jason asked Tom. (改为宾语从句) Jason asked Tom ________ he ________ to visit the EuroDisney with him 34. John, tells, what happened, us, in his own words, to him (连词成句) ____________________________________. Part 3 Reading and Writing（阅读与写话）36% Ⅸ. Reading Comprehension.（阅读理解）（26%） A. Choose the best answer.（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）（6%） If a flood (洪水) happens where you live, you need to be prepared. Here’s how to do it. ●Make an emergency kit (应急包). Keep it in an easy-to-reach place. It should include things such as water, canned food, a flashlight and first-aid kit. ●Prepare waterproof clothing and a life jacket. ●Put your valuables in waterproof bags and keep them somewhere safe. Follow these tips to stay out of danger during a flood. ●Look out for flood warnings. ●Go to higher ground and stay there. ●Do not try to walk or drive through flooded areas, as they can be deeper than you think. ●Leave your car It won’t help you if it gets stuck in the water. Even after the flood ends, it might not be safe to return home quite yet. ●Keep following the latest local news. ●Don’t use electronics until they are fully dry. ●Don’t use or touch anything that the water touched, including food. ●Don’t forget that viruses (病毒) can spread after a flood. 35. What should not go in your emergency kit? A. Bottled water. B. Valuables. C. Canned food. D. First-aid kit. 36. When a flood comes, you should go to ________. A. higher ground B. an empty square C. a riverbank D. an underground station 37. What should you do if your car gets stuck in floodwater? A. Stay inside and wait for help. B. Leave the car immediately. C. Try to drive faster. D. try to pull the car out. 38. When the flood is over, you should ________. A. collect food from the water B. turn on lights even if they are wet C protect yourself from viruses D. stop wasting time on weather news 39. After a flood, when is it safe to use electronics again? A. As soon as the power comes back. B. When they are fully dry. C. Right after the flood ends. D. Only if they were not touched by water 40. We will probably read the passage ________. A. on a notice board B. in a story book C. in a travel guide D. in a newspaper B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.（选择最恰当的单词或词语，用A、B、C、D表示，填入空格）（6%） Everybody knows that Edison is a famous scientist. But few people have ____41____ his kindness and tolerance (宽容) towards others. The following is a story about him. After hundreds of experiments, Edison had at last ____42____ a working bulb (电灯泡). It was the first electric light bulb that had ever been made, and Edison was full of pride. He had dreamed of this moment for years “Take it upstairs, Jimmy,” he said, handing it to his helper. ____43____, there was a crash (巨响). Edison turned around and saw that his bulb had fallen to the ground and broken into pieces. Jimmy had let the bulb slip (滑落) through his fingers carelessly. Edison said nothing, but everyone could imagine what his thoughts were. He went back to his work table and set to work once more to make another bulb A few days later, a new bulb was finally ready. It was ____44____ on the table in front of its maker. Then Edison, with a smile, handed the new bulb to Jimmy. “Be careful this time,” he said. He was giving the young man another chance. Jimmy did not break it, so we have millions of bulbs in the world today. As a saying goes, “Not the power to ____45____, but it’s very opposite, the power to forget, is a necessary condition for our existence (存在).” Life is too short and no one is ____46____. If we can forgive others, we will have a better life. 41. A. heard about B. worried about C. thought about D. looked about 42. A. sold B. produced C. accepted D. checked 43. A. Luckily B. Excitingly C. Finally D. Suddenly 44. A. fallen B. held C. taken D. laid 45. A. receive B. remember C. keep D. improve 46. A. strong B. nice C. bad D. perfect C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.（在短文空白处填入适当的词语，使其内容通顺，每空一词，首字母已给）（7%） Two NASA astronauts have been told that they will have to wait until next year before they can come home. In June, Suni Williams and Butch Wilmore flew Boeing’s Starliner capsule (星际客机太空舱) on its first crewed test flight to the International Space Station (ISS) . A ____47____ they made it successfully to the ISS, things started to go wrong with the capsule. It began leaking helium (氦) and had t____48____ with its thrusters (推进器). After two months of trying to fix the issues, NASA has decided it is not safe for their r____49____ trips. The craft will now try to come back to Earth unmanned but Williams and Wilmore will have to wait for a SpaceX spacecraft to come and get them in February. While they wait, they need to c____50____ to work. A lot of researches are still needed to be carried out. There are other astronauts on board the ISS for them to talk to and more supplies have been sent to the station. However, it means their eight-day mission will finally l____51____ eight months! Boeing is a US company that is better known for developing and building aero planes. Along with o____52____ companies such as SpaceX and Blue Origin, in recent years it has begun building spacecraft. After a detailed discussion, they all agreed to work with NASA to transport astronauts s____53____. 280 people from 23 different countries have visited the ISS. Travelling at five miles per second, the ISS orbits (绕……轨道运行) the Earth once every 90 minutes. D. Answer the questions.（根据短文内容回答下列问题）（7%） Oliver had moved to a little town called Willow Creek with his family. As he settled into his new home, he couldn’t help but feel a bit nervous about starting at a new school. He wondered whether he would make friends and fit in with the other kids. The morning of Oliver’s first day at Willow Creek Middle School arrived, and he felt a mix of excitement and worry. As he entered the school gates, Oliver stopped for a moment before joining a group of kids chatting happily. He quickly became friends with them, especially with the lovely and adventurous Maya. One day, Oliver and Maya were given a task to work together on a science fair project. They decided to look into the differences in plant growth in different types of soil. As the science fair came, Oliver and Maya presented their project to the judges and their classmates and won the first place. After that, Oliver and Maya became famous at the school. However, some people started making comments about how Maya was “too bossy”, or how Oliver should be in charge because he was a boy. Oliver didn’t understand why gender should determine who has the final say. To break the stereotypes (刻板印象), Oliver and Maya decided to team up for the school talent show. They put on a musical drama that displayed their personal strengths. It also proved that boys and girls could work together as equals. The audience were amazed by their talent and unity, and the message of gender equality spread throughout the school. As the school year came to an end, Oliver and Maya reflected on their journey together. They had faced challenges and stereotypes, but _____________________. 54. Was Oliver worried about studying at a new school? ________________________________ 55. What kind of person was Maya? ________________________________ 56. What was Oliver and Maya’s science fair project about? ________________________________ 57. What problem did they meet with after becoming famous at the school? ________________________________ 58. Why did Oliver and Maya put on a musical drama on the talent show? ________________________________ 59. What can be filled in the blank to complete the sentence? They had faced challenges and stereotypes, but ________________________________. Ⅶ. Writing（作文）：（共10分） 60. Suppose you are now travelling in a city. You are going to send a postcard to your friend, Mary. Write your postcard, telling her what you did, what you are doing and what you are going to do. Don’t forget to tell your feelings as well. (假设你在一个城市旅游，你打算给你的朋友寄张明信片，告诉他/她你做过的事，正在做的事和打算做的事，还有你的感受。) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$