专题05 连词与状语从句讲练（60题）+五选四精讲（8篇）-【暑假自学课】2025年新九年级英语暑假提升精品讲义（牛津上海版）

专题05 连词与状语从句讲练（60题）+五选四精讲（8篇） 内容导航 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚焦 1 考点一：连词 1 一：并列连词的用法 1 二：常用从属连词的用法 3 三：常用连词用法区别 4 考题再现 5 考点二：状语从句 7 一：条件状语从句 7 二：原因状语从句和地点状语从句 8 三：让步状语从句 9 四：目的、结果、比较状语从句 11 考题再现 11 考点三：五选四技巧 15 考题再现 17 难点强化 21 复习提升 27 核心考点聚焦 考点一：连词 一：并列连词的用法 并列连词用来连接平行的词、短语或句子；从属连词是用来引导从句的词。并列连词按照其在句中的作用可分为表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系和因果关系的连词。 一：表示并列关系的并列连词 表示并列关系的常见连词有：and (和；又；而且), as well as( 也 ； 和 ), both...and...( 既……又……), not only...but also...( 不仅……而且……), neither...nor... (既不……也不……)。 连词 用法 例句 but 意为＂但是＂，表示意义递进的转折或前后两个事实相反。 His mother won’t be there, but his father might. 他母亲不会去那里，但他父亲也许会去。 while 意为＂但是，然而＂，强调对比性的转折。 I like English while he likes math. 我喜欢英语而他喜欢数学。 yet 意为＂可是；然而＂，表示转折时，前面可与and连用，且这两个部分的主语是一致的。 I failed again, and yet I never give up. 我又失败了，然而我绝不放弃。 ►We are singing and they are dancing. 我们在唱歌，他们在跳舞。 ►I’m learning French as well as English. 我学法语，还学英语。 ►Not only English but also French is spoken in Canada. 在加拿大，人们不仅说英语，而且说法语。 二：表示转折关系的并列连词 1.although或though在引导让步状语从句时，主句不可使用转折连词but，但是可以使用yet或still。►Although she is in poor health，(yet) she works hard.虽然她的身体不好，但是她工作非常努力。 2.however 意为＂然而，不过＂，可放在句首、句中或句末，不能像but那样直接连接两个句子，常用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。 (×)We all tried our best, however we lost the game. (√)We all tried our best.However, we lost the game. (√)We all tried our best, but we lost the game. 三：表示选择关系的并列连词 连词 意义 例句 or 或者；否则 Hurry up, or you will be late. 快点，否则你会迟到的。 or else 否则；要不然 Be careful or else you will make a mistake. 小心，否则你将会犯错误。 rather than 而不是 I will do it myself rather than ask him to do it. 我会亲自去做这件事，而不是叫他去做。 not…but 不是……而是…… John is not her father but her uncle. 约翰不是她的父亲而是她的的叔叔 either…or 或者……或者…… Either Alice or her father cooks meals at home. 要么爱丽丝要么她爸爸在家做饭。 whether…or 不管是……还是…… They haven’t decided whether they will go to London or Berlin。他们尚未决定是去伦敦还是去柏林。 四：表示因果关系的并列连词 连词 意义 例句 for 意为＂因为＂，用来补充说明或表示推测性的理由，不能置于两个并列分句的句首，只能放在两个分句的中间。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。 so 表示＂因此；所以＂时，不能与because 连用。 He worked hard, so he passed the exam. 他努力学习，所以通过了考试。 二：常用从属连词的用法 从属连词 用法及例句 that 用于引导宾语从句，引导从句时无意义，常省略。 He told me（that）he won’t be late. 他告诉我说他不会迟到的。 though/although (虽然，尽管)， even if/though (即使) 可用于引导让步状语从句，though/although 不能与but连用。 Though he has a cold,he still goes to school. =He has a cold,but he still goes to work. 尽管他感冒了，他仍然去上学了。 if, whether (...or not)(是否) 可用于引导宾语从句，不可省略。 I don’t know whether it will rain or not today. 我不知道今天会不会下雨。 if (如果)， unless (除非；如不)， as long as(只要) 引导条件状语从句。 Thought he is very old, he still teaches himself English. 尽管他年龄很大，他仍然自学英语。 because (因为)， as (鉴于;由于)， since(由于，既然) 用于引导原因状语从句。 I don’t want to go outside because I am too tired. 我不想外出因为我太累了。 so...that, such...that (如此……以至于……) 可用于引导结果状语从句。 The scenary here is so beautiful that I don’t want to leave. 这儿的风景太美了，以至于我不想离开了。 since自从，until/till直到，after在……之后，before在……之前，when当……时候，while当……时侯，as soon as一……就……，whenever无论何时 用于引导时间状语从句。 When I arrived there, it was raining.当我到那里时，天正在下雨。 as if/as though (仿佛；好像) It seems as if it is going to rain.好像将要下雨了。 so that（以便）， in order that（为了） in case(以防) I get up early so that I won’t be late for class. 我起得很早，这样我上课不会迟到。 as...as...(和……一样……)， not so/as...as... (和……不一样……) 用于引导比较状语从句。 He is as smart as his brother. 他和他的哥哥一样聪明。 三：常用连词用法区别 1. while, when, as的用法区别： 这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。 （1）当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。 （2）当两个长动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是while。如： （3）当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as。如： （4）当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示“一边……一边……”时，最常用as。如： （5）当从句的动作先于主句的动作时，通常用when。 （6）当从句是瞬间动作，主句是延续性动作时，通常用when。 2. as, because, since, for的用法区别： 这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别。 （1）如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如： （2）如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。since比as稍微正式一点as和since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。如： （3）for用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For引导的句子不放在句子的开头。 3. if, whether的用法区别：if和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾语从句一般可互换。 （1）引导主语从句时。如：Whether he will come to the party is unknown. （2）引导表语从句时。如：The question is whether I can pass the exam. （3）引导宾语从句时，①在不定式前；②在具有选择意义又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether，而不用if；③宾语是介词引导的从句时用whether；④有时为了强调，将宾语从句放在句首时用whether。在下列情况下，只能用whether，不能用if： 7.Whether the story is true or not, I don’t know yet. 4. so…that, such...that的用法区别： （1）so…that中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such...that中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。I’m （2）如果在名词之前有many, much, little, few时，用so，不用such。 5. although, but的用法区别： 这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.” 这个句子应改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others. 6. because, so的用法区别： 这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.” 这个句子应改为Because John was ill, I took him to the doctor.或John was ill, so I took him to the doctor. 7. and和or的用法区别： （1）and用于肯定句中，or用于否定句或选择疑问句中。 （2）否定句中两部分都有否定词时用and连接。 （3）句中含有without时，肯定句中用or，否定句中用and。 （4）and与or(表示“否则”)都可以与if引导的条件状语从句转换。 考题再现 1．Many people are aware of pollution, ________ they often don’t take action to reduce it. A．but B．and C．so D．or 2．Remember to return the book to the library on time, ________ you will be fined. A．but B．and C．so D．or 3．Eason was very tired, _________ he continued to do his work until midnight. A．but B．or C．and D．so 4．She bought his son a sweater, ________ he hated the color. A．and B．but C．so D．or 5．Johnny had to write a report about Chinese history, ________ he went to the library A．for B．but C．or D．so 6．They rushed to the hospital, ________ they were too late. A．although B．but C．if D．so 7．Daming doesn’t earn much by fishing with birds, ________ he enjoy his work. A．so B．or C．for D．but 8．The trip sounds interesting, ________ I’d rather stay at home. Thank you all the same. A．and B．or C．but D．so 9．We didn’t think she could reach the final of the match, ________ she won the gold medal. A．but B．for C．or D．so 10．Be careful not to touch the hot water, ________ you will get hurt. A．but B．or C．and D．so 考点二：状语从句 一：条件状语从句 【经典剖析】 1．条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。引导条件状语从句的连词有： if 如果；unless除非，如果不；on condition that条件是；as long as只要 2．表示正面的条件用if“如果”。 If you don't look after young trees, they will die very quickly. 如果你不好好照看小树苗，它们就会很快死去。 If the museum charges for entry, a lot of people won't be able to visit it. 如果进入博物馆要收费，许多人就参观不成了。 3．表示否定的条件用unless( =if.．．not)“除非，如果不”。 I shall not go to the cinema unless I finish my homework before eight. 我不会去看电影，除非我能在8点前完成作业。 说明：if…not常可以用unless替代。 If you don’t study hard, you will fail in the exam. You will fail in the exam unless you study hard. 4．表示使某事成为现实必要的条件用on condition that“条件是”，as long as ‘‘只要”。 You may go swimming on condition that you don't swim too far away from the river bank. 你可以去游泳，条件是你不能游得离河岸太远。 As long as you keep on trying, you will surely succeed. 只要你继续尝试就一定能成功。 因此，我们不能说： As long as you don't study hard, you will fail in the exam. 5．祈使结构表条件。 前半部分的祈使结构相当于if条件句，可用动词或名词开头；后半部分的简单句常用一般将来时，有时也用一般现在时。此句型与条件状语从句形成同义结构。 1) 祈使句( , ) +and/then+简单句 ＝> if 从句(否定式)+主句 Give me somewhere to stand, and I will move the earth.（如果）给我一个支点，我便能掀动地球。 =If you give me somewhere to stand, I will move the earth. One more word, and I'll turn you out. 你再多说一句，我就把你赶出去。 =If you speak one more word, I will turn you out. Use your head, then you'll find a way. 动动脑子你就能找到办法。 =If you use your head, you'll find a way. 2) 祈使句（,）+or+简单句 ＝> if 从句(否定式)+主语 Work even harder, or you will never pass the exam. 如果不加倍努力，你就永远无法通过考试。 = If you don't work harder, you will never pass the exam. Stop telling lies, or you will be punished. 如果你继续说谎，就会受到惩罚。 = If you don't stop telling lies, you will be punished. 二：原因状语从句和地点状语从句 1． 原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的连词有： because, for, since, as, now that 1) because意为“因为”，表示直接的原因或理由，着重点在从句，用于回答why，语气最强。 He is absent today because he is ill. 他今天缺席，因为他病了。 I didn't go out because I was busy with homework. 我没有出去，因为我忙于家庭作业。 有时，可用because of后接名词或代词表示原因，此时because of=for(介词)。 We won't be able to come because of the weather. 由于天气的原因，我们来不了。 She was looking all the better for her stay in hospital. 她因为待在医院，显得好多了。 2) for意为“因为”，引导的从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供补充说明，且不可位于主句前。for前往往用逗号或分号与主句分开，引起的从句对主句加以解释。 I didn't go to see him, for a heavy snow was falling. 我没有去看他，因为在下大雪。 The days were short, for it was now December. 白天短了，因为现在已经是十二月了。 We must begin planning now, for the future may bring unexpected changes. 我们必须现在就开始筹划，因为将来可能会发生意想不到的变化。 有时，for引起的从句并不表示原因，而是表示一种推断或解释，而because则不能。 Someone in the house must be ill, for a doctor has just come out.房子里一定有人病了，因为有个医生刚刚出来。 3) since意为“既然”、“由于”，一般表示对方已知的、无需加以说明的既成事实的理由(如果从句表示的原因不是确定的事实，就不能用since，通常用because)。 Since you are going, I will go too. 既然你要走，我也走了。 Since you are ill, I'll go alone. 由于你病了，我就一个人走了。 4) as意为“由于”，表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系，着重点在主句，语气较弱。 As it is snowing, we shall not go to the park. 由于正在下雪，我们就不去公园了。 He had to apologize, as he knew he had made a mistake. 他必须道歉，因为他知道他错了。 由as表示的原因语势最弱，常用于口语。 5) now that意为“既然”，有时可将that省去，含义与since接近。区别在于：since表示原先已存在的情况，而now that表示现在才发生的情况。 Now that it has stopped raining, let's start at once. 既然现在雨停了，咱们马上开始吧！ Now that you have come, you may as well stay. 既然来了，你最好还是待在这儿。 2．地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词有： where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere Put it where you can see it. 把它放在你看得见的地方。 I'll find him, wherever he is. 不管他在哪里我都要找到他。 You should put the book where it was.你应该把书放在原来的地方。 Wherever you go, you should do your work well. 不论你到哪里都要把工作做好。 You can’t camp anywhere/where/ wherever you like.你不能想在哪里安营就在哪里安营。 三：让步状语从句 1．引导让步状语从句的连词有： although, while, even though, even if, whether... (or not), 用no matter十wh-/how 引导 2．although／though“虽然”。 Although I didn’t know anybody at the party, I had a very good time. 虽然晚会上的客人我一个也不认识，但我玩得很愉快。 [注意]“although…but”是个典型的错误，因为but是并列连词，不能与从属连词although连用。但是，although可与yet，still连用，因为yet，still是副词，它可使前后关系更明确。 3．while意为“然而”。 1) while用于对照，说明两种情况相反，意为“然而，但是”。 Tom is very outgoing, while Jane is shy and quiet.汤姆性格外向，而简却腼腆安静。 While I was reading, he was playing. 我在读书，而他在玩。 2) while意为“虽然，尽管”，同although，此时从句和主句的主语往往为同一人或物。 While she liked cats。she never let them come into her room．虽然她喜欢猫，但她从不让猫进她的房间。 4．even if “即使”（if后陈述的是假设）；even though“尽管”（though后陈述的是事实）。 I'm going to apply for the job, even if it pays very little. 即使报酬不高，我也要去申请那份工作。 He is an honest man, I say, even though I have opposed him. 我说他是个诚实的人，尽管我反对过他。 5．whether…(or not)“无论是……或是……”. Whether it rains or not, I shall go out for an outing. 无论是否下雨，我都要外出游玩。 Whether we win or lose, we are going to do our best. 无论胜败，我们都会尽最大努力。 [注意] whether作“无论”解，用现在时表将来；whether作“是否”解时则不能。 They'll go out whether it rains or not tomorrow. 无论明天是否下雨，他们都要出去。 Can you tell me whether it will rain or not tomorrow? 你能告诉我明天是否下雨吗？ 6．用no matter+ wh-／how的词引导，意为“无论”。 no matter who无论谁，no matter which无论哪一，no matter what无论什么, no matter when无论何时，no matter where无论哪里，no matter how无论怎样 No matter who you are, you must obey the law. 无论你是谁，你都应当遵纪守法。 No matter where you are, you must remember you are a League member. 无论你在哪里，你都应当记住你是一个团员。 It has the same result no matter which way you do it. 无论用什么方法来做，结果都一样。 No matter what happens, we'll never lose heart.不管发生什么，我们永远不会灰心。 You can always find him working at the desk no matter when you go to see him. 无论什么时候你去看他，总会发现他坐在桌边工作。 No matter how cold it is, she often goes swimming.无论有多冷，她总是常去游泳。 四：目的、结果、比较状语从句 【经典剖析】 1．引导目的状语从句的连词有： in order that目的是为了，so that，以便 以in order that，so that引导的目的状语从句谓语通常用may，might加动词构成，也可用can/ could或will／would加动词构成。 He works hard in order that he can serve his country well. 他努力工作，目的是为了能更好地为国家服务。 They started early so that they might arrive in time. 他们很早出发，以便按时到达。 [注意]“for+动名词”不用于表目的，但“for+名词”可用于表目的。 Write it in simple English to make(不能用for making) everybody understand. 为了能让每个人都理解，请用简单的英语写。 Better get up early for the early train. 为了能赶上早班火车，请早一点起床。 2．引导结果状语从句的词： so that以致，so…that如此……以致，such…that如此……以致 He made a wrong decision, so that half of his property was lost. 他做了个错误的决定，以至于他丢失了一半的财产。 The box is so heavy that nobody can move it. 这个箱子是如此重，（以至于）无人能移动它。 It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it. 这个箱子如此重，（以至于）无人能移动它。 [注意]so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句，其区别在于：引导结果状语从句时通常用逗号同主句分开。 3．引导比较状语从句的词有： than比，as…as“像……一样”，not so…as“不像……一样”，the more…the more“越……越” I know you better than he does. 我比他更了解你。 We walked as fast as we could. 我们尽可能地快步行走。 The work is not so easy as you thought. 这工作没有你想的那么简单。 Nothing is so precious as health没有什么能像健康一样珍贵。 The harder you study, the greater progress you will make. 你越努力学习，进步就越大。 考题再现 11．You have to leave now ________ you can catch the early bus. A．so that B．as soon as C．because D．when 12．I’m going to visit Disneyland ________ I like Mickey Mouse. A．so B．because C．but D．though 13．We’re going to have a class meeting ________ we can hear everybody’s idea about the spring outing activities. A．as soon as B．so that C．while D．until 14．She was able to sell millions of her handmade dolls, ________ they were in good qualities. A．so B．or C．for D．but 15．________ the task seemed hard, Jack and his team managed to complete it. A．Unless B．If C．As D．Although 16．The college students won’t go on the graduation trip ________ they raise enough money for it. A．if B．because C．unless D．when 17．Your sore throat won’t get better ________ you drink warm tea with honey. A．until B．unless C．if D．although 18．Most dogs will not attack people ________ they smell danger coming. A．unless B．when C．if D．because 19．It would be good __________ you could practice 30 minutes a day. A．as B．if C．even if D．although 20．Your parents will be satisfied ________ you help them with the housework. A．if B．until C．although D．unless 21．Please make a phone call to me ________ you arrive in Beijing tomorrow. A．now that B．though C．as soon as D．because 22．The dog didn’t stop barking ________ the strangers went far away. A．since B．until C．because D．while 23．I didn’t realize he was a famous scientist ________ you told me. A．because B．although C．unless D．until 24．We met a nice and friendly neighbor ________ we lived in Shanghai. A．if B．although C．since D．when 25．The policeman asked me to stay ________ I stood. A．in which B．when C．at which D．where 26．The captain was ________ proud ________ he was seized by the Greeks at last. A．too, to B．enough, that C．so, that D．enough, to 27．The Math teacher went on to finish the lesson ________ she was very tired. A．though B．if C．because D．unless 考点三：五选四技巧 五选四的考题特点： 1. 词汇方面注重对于词汇和搭配的考察。 2. 语法方面考察词性之间关系和句子结构分析能力。 3. 逻辑方面考察上下文联系 知识点1：五选四解题步骤 STEP 1 详读选项，词分类 两篇文章选项中的10个词是考查的关键，考生应该详细的理解这10个单词。熟悉的单词标明词性和词义，不熟悉的单词或者不认识的单词只需标明词性，然后根据名词、动词、形容词、副词四大类按规律排列在试卷上。这样就缩小了选择的范围，降低了试题的难度。 注意： 1. 动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。非谓语动词包括：动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。过去分词有两种可能性(形容词和动词的过去分词), 因此要根据动词的形式结合文章进行相应的时态或者语态的判断。 2. 不认识的词要看后缀。构词法中, 前缀区分意思, 后缀区分词性。所以看词尾往往能大致分出词性。词性无法确定的, 暂时搁置。 3. 做出相应的标记。在英文中有的单词不只有一个词性，比如大家常见的play/visit/study基友名词词性也有动词词性。 STEP 2 略读全文，定中心 考生拿到题目以后，由于考查考生对篇章的理解，应该略读整篇文章，确定文章的中心或主要说明的问题。要抓住文章首句，迅速找到文章的主题词或主题。和完型填空一样，一般文章第一句不设空格，以便让考生知道本文的相关主题词或主题。在此，建议大家使用略读的方法，以快速掌握文章大意。 STEP 3 瞻前顾后，灵活选 词性分类之后，回到原文中，根据原文中空格的前后单词或者前后语句确定所要填的词性，然后从分类好的单词中选择出词性、意思、语法都符合要求的最佳选项。首先，根据语法知识确认可以被填入此空的词性，然后按第一步中标注出的词性进行筛选，最后将备选词逐个代入空中细读句意，考虑上下问逻辑关系做出选择。 STEP 4 复核检查，定结果 篇章词汇理解题目类似于完型填空，这需要考生不仅要迅速的确定答案，还要在确定答案之后迅速的复查。检查上下文是否通顺、上下文的逻辑结构是否正确、文章的意思是否出现偏差等等，复查无误后即可确定为最后答案。 知识点2 : 五选四解题技巧 STEP 1判断词性的技巧 前面提到的“瞻前顾后”就是需要考生根据空格的前后来决定所填词的词性以及应填的正确选项，我们可以根据一些简单的语法知识确定答案。应该说语法知识是解词汇理解题的基础。 1. 确定空格为名词 (1) a /an/the n. , adj. n. , vt. n. , 即空格处前面为冠词、形容词或者及物动词的，空格处应填入名词； (2) n. v., 即空格处后面是动词的，空格处应填入该动词的主语(名词)； (3) prep. n., 即空格处前面是介词的，空格处充当介词宾语，用填入一个名词或动名词。 2. 确定空格为动词 (1) n. /pron. vt. n./pron., 即空格前面已有名词/代词作主语，后面又有名词/代词作为动词的宾语，空格处应为及物动词； (2) n. /pron. vi. , 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面没有宾语，空格处应填不及物动词； (3) n. /pron. vi. adv./prep., 即空格处前面是名词/代词，空格处后面是副词/介词，空格处应填入不及物动词，与副词/介词构成固定搭配； (4) n. /pron. link v./be. adj., 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面是形容词，空格处应填入系动词或be动词； (5) to v. , 即空格处前有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动词原形；另一种情况to是介词，后面应填入动名词。 3. 确定空格为形容词 (1) adj. n. 或n. adj. , 即空格处前面或者后面为名词的，空格处应填入形容词； (2) adv. adj. , 即空格处前面是副词的，空格处应填入形容词； (3) link/be v. adj., 即空格处前面是系动词或be动词的，空格处应填入形容词作表语。 4. 确定空格为副词 (1) adv. v. 或v. adv. , 即空格处前面或者后面为动词的，空格处应填入副词； (2) adv. adj., 即空格处后面是形容词的，空格处应填入副词。 STEP 2利用逻辑关系词确定答案 在篇章词汇理解题目中，文章的逻辑关系对于考生把握整篇文章是很重要的，文章的逻辑关系通过一些逻辑关系词体现的，考生可以通过逻辑关系词来推断出一些答案。 常见的逻辑关系词如下： (1) 并列关系：and , or, as well as 等 (2) 对比关系：but , however , on the contrary , rather than 等 (3) 比较关系：as…as , like , similar 等 (4) 因果关系：because , for , since , as a result of , therefore , thus 等 (5) 举例关系：for example , for instance , such as ， and so on 等 (6) 递进关系：and , what’s more , moreover , in addition 等 STEP 3比较填词 将词性分类后，如何确定哪个选项是正确答案呢？这就需要考生进行选项间的比较，比较同词性的词汇哪一个是最佳答案。 逻辑判断：即根据文章的逻辑顺序和逻辑结构，确定同词性的词汇中的哪个是最佳答案 词义判断：即通过同词性词汇的中文意思是否符合文章的整体意思，由此判断是不是最合适的选项 考题再现 A．according to   B．success   C． market   D．president   E. lasted When Betty became the 1 of the volunteer club in her high school, she thought her classmates should do something to help the old people in the nursing home nearby their school. This nursing home was in need of financial help 2 a local newspaper, so Betty decided to hold an event where all the money they raised would go toward the old. They came up with the idea of running a market at school on a Saturday. The event 3 from 9:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m. Since it was meaningful, everyone in the club worked to make the event a 4 . A．Furniture   B．take   C． encourage   D．possible   E. raise In the weeks before the event, the club members put up posters to 5 their fellow students and teachers to donate anything they did not want, such as old clothes, unused electrical appliances, and second-hand 6 . To add variety to the market, they sold lemonade and hot dogs. In getting the news of the event out, they made as much use of social media as 7 to reduce any costs. Since one person’s rubbish is another person’s gold, the market attracted a lot of buyers. Most importantly, it helped Betty and her club members 8 lots of money for the old. A．notice            B．local            C． especially            D．appear            E. correctly Imagine getting happily lost among stone paths in beautiful sunny weather, with running water all around. If that seems like a perfect day to you, Freiburg (弗莱堡) should 1 on your travel list. Freiburg is just beside Germany’s famous Black Forest, very close to the borders of both France and Switzerland. The city was a market town around 900 years ago. People came here to trade freely, and their wealth made them proud. Later, they had a(n) 2 difficult time fighting for their personal freedom. After its first university was set up in the city in 1457, it turned into a cultural center for the arts and sciences. The first things you’ll 3 while walking through Freiburg’s old city center are the narrow water-filled channels (管道). In the Middle Ages, they were used as a water supply and were used to fight fires. An old Freiburg legend (传奇) says that if you stand on or fall in one, you’ll marry a 4 . The city is also famous for its ancient church and green lifestyle. Since the summer holiday is coming, why not spread your wings and take a look at it with your own eyes? A．while    B．familiar    C． squares    D．similar    E. take turns Chess is one of the oldest and most popular board games in the world. It is played with small figures on a board with black and white 1 , in eight rows and eight columns. Two players, playing “black” or “white”, 2 moving the pieces around the board. The object of the game is to capture the other player’s “king”. The Chinese also have a game very 3 to chess, which is called Xiangqi. It has a board that is nine lines wide and ten lines long, and with a “river” in the middle. One player has red or white pieces, 4 the other player has black, blue or green pieces. A．liquid    B．Instead    C． discovered    D．Besides    E. various Rubber is useful. We make 5 things from rubber. We make car tires from it. We make pencil erasers from it. Rubber comes from the rubber tree! The 6 in the rubber tree is called latex (乳胶). Latex lies under the tree’s bark. Cut into the bark. Latex flows out! Then it turned into rubber. Native South American tribes (部落) made rubber from latex many centuries ago. No one knows exactly when these tribes 7 rubber. But Christopher Columbus knew about rubber! In 1493, he took a second trip to the Americas and saw natives playing with a rubber ball! There are many different plants that make latex. But we use only the rubber tree to make rubber. Why? Some latex is hard to turn into rubber. This tree’s latex is easy to turn into rubber. 8 , this tree actually makes more latex when it is cut. 难点强化 一、单项选择 28．Paper cutting looks very easy ________ actually it may not be like that. A．but B．so C．or D．for 29．It takes much effort and time to cast for dogs, ________ to me the rewards are worth it. A．so B．or C．but D．for 30．Li Ming was very tired, ________ he finished his work before going to bed. A．but B．so C．nor D．or 31．He suffered a lot from his foot problem, ________ nothing could prevent him from finishing the race. A．and B．but C．so D．or 32．John gave all his food to the little girl, ________ he was hungry himself. A．if B．because C．since D．although 33．You won’t be able to keep fit ________ you eat healthy food and exercise regularly. A．when B．if C．unless D．because 34．We may face serious problems _______ we take better care of the Earth. A．if B．unless C．though D．as 35．You are unlikely to pass the exam ________ you study with great diligence and focus. A．as B．because C．if D．unless 36．“Pineapple burger” tastes nice and juicy ______ the name may sound strange. A．unless B．though C．if D．because 37．Sometimes, our decisions are easily influenced by others ________ we may not be aware of it. A．after B．because C．though D．unless 38．________ astronauts face many problems in space, they still do scientific experiments actively. A．Because B．Although C．If D．As soon as 39．You should go to the clinic right now ________ you don’t feel quite well. A．though B．since C．unless D．until 40．Reading aloud is a good reading method ________ it can make memory better and deepen understanding of articles. A．because B．although C．unless D．while 41．There is no coffee left. You can drink _______ tea _______ orange juice. A．neither; or B．either; or C．no; or D．whether; or 42．The little child can speak English ________ his parents can’t. A．when B．while C．as D．since 43．You’d better not always depend on your parents, ________ you will never grow up. A．and B．or C．but D．so 44．Amy likes to go to the cinema, she doesn’t like to see horror films. A．or B．so C．but D．for 45．My glasses fell to the ground and broke into pieces, ________ I had to buy a new pair. A．or B．so C．but D．for 46．Belinda used to get up late, ________ she isn’t late for class any longer now. A．but B．so C．or D．and 47．We have decided to keep the secret just among us, ________ we will not tell it to anyone else. A．so B．but C．for D．or 48．I’ll be able to finish the project on time ________ there are unexpected delays. A．when B．because C．unless D．though 49．The robber wore a sock over his face ________ he wouldn’t be recognized by the security cameras. A．although B．so that C．because D．unless 50．Dad sometimes goes to the supermarket with us ________ he hates going shopping. A．because B．unless C．until D．though 51．You won’t be allowed into the concert ________ you show your ticket at the entrance. A．if B．unless C．though D．since 52．Adele says she won’t go on a diet _________ it’s for health reasons. A．since B．until C．unless D．because 53．Jan won’t take part in our class activities voluntarily ______ she is asked to. A．if B．because C．unless D．since 54．______ we are now in the old town, why not taste the local food here. A．Though B．Since C．Before D．Unless 55．We can’t judge if the information from AI is right ________ we have a clear mind. A．after B．because C．unless D．since 56．Sam is still hard-working ________ he has achieved great success. A．if B．since C．until D．though 57．Your mother has just fallen asleep. Don’t wake her up ________ it’s really necessary. A．because B．unless C．if D．though 58．________ Shanghai is known as “the shopping paradise”, I love it for its food. A．Although B．As long as C．Since D．Unless 59．________ the movie received great reviews, I didn’t enjoy it as much as I expected. A．Although B．As C．If D．Unless 60．Please wear glasses when doing the experiment, ________ your eyes may get hurt. A．since B．although C．because D．unless 复习提升 二、选词填空 将下列单词填入空格。每空限填一词，每词只能填一次。 A．various   B．aware   C． further   D．alone   E. independent In school, the learning environment and the people around us are of great importance. We should also learn to be 1 and take responsibility for our own actions. By doing so, we can 2 develop our skills and become more successful in our studies. We may feel 3 or lost with the heavy stress. But we shouldn’t let these feelings stop us from achieving our goals. Instead, we can ask our teachers or classmates for help and work together to face challenges. School life is full of chances for growth and learning. By being 4 of the importance of things around us, we can make the most of our time in school and prepare ourselves for a bright future. A．respect   B．review   C． process   D．enemy   E. recognize Traditional skills like paper cutting and fishing with birds have been passed down so far. It is important to protect these skills. The 5 of learning traditional skills requires patience. We also need to show 6 for the masters who have perfected them. It is also necessary to 7 the history of these skills to better understand their value. However, we must be calm and not to view modern technology as one 8 of traditional skills. Instead, we should work hard to find a balance between the old and the new, and use technology to enhance our understanding and appreciation of these skills. A．special    B．create    C．spare    D．pointed out    E．picked out Max reads more than anyone he knows. He loves to read during all of his 1 time. His friends laugh at him because he would rather read than play video games. One day, Max was reading a magazine article about volcanoes (火山) and told his friends all about them. The very next week, his class was given a 2 project about volcanoes. Guess who everyone wanted in their project group? Max’s friends weren’t laughing at him anymore. Max 3 Liz, Anna and Josh as the members of the group. The project was to 4 a poster board with information about volcanoes and to build a volcano model. A．carefully    B．pleased    C．decisions    D．proud    E．copies Max made 5 of the magazine article about volcanoes so his project partners could read about them, too. They also went to the library to look for more information about volcanoes. The group met at Anna’s house that night to organize the information and decide what they wanted to put on the poster board. They all asked Max what he thought was most important. Then they made 6 . The next night, they met at Josh’s house to build their volcano. First, they made a volcano shape with the cardboard. Then they 7 covered the shape in brown and red clay. The volcano looked perfect. Max, Liz, Anna and Josh were very 8 of their work. When they turned in their project, their teacher smiled and praised them. Thanks to Max’s good habit, they got an A+ on both parts of the project. A．achievements    B．graduations    C． Probably    D．Similarly    E. spirits Most Americans take great pleasure in sending and receiving cards for every occasion. Cards are exchanged not only during holidays but also for significant events such as birthdays, holidays, and 1 . If someone is going on a journey, a “Bon Voyage” card is often sent to wish them a safe and pleasant trip. 2 , when a person moves into a new home, they might receive a “Moving” card immediately. Cards serve as a heartfelt means of expressing thankfulness, celebrating 3 , or even offering apologies. For instance, when someone falls ill, a “Get Well” card is sent to uplift their 4 . Additionally, a “Good Luck” card is a thoughtful way to celebrate a new job or career opportunity, strengthening the bond of friendship and support during important life transitions. A．cherished   B．expected    C． recorded    D．replaced    E. treasured The most popular and widely 5 cards are Holiday cards. When people receive them, they often display them on the fireplace in their homes. These cards are the most 6 , as they are typically sent just once a year by close friends and relatives, making them particularly special. Birthday cards, on the other hand, are often displayed on a shelf, where they are easily seen and read by everyone. Special cards, especially those received on important occasions, are kept for many years. They become 7 memories, much like old photographs. In many ways, cards have gradually 8 traditional letters. If there’s little time to write a letter, a simple card can express the same thoughtfulness, offering a quick and personal message. A．enemy     B．recognize     C． respect    D．review     E. process Traditional skills like paper cutting and fishing with birds have been passed down so far. It is important to protect these skills. The 1 of learning traditional skills requires patience. We also need to show 2 for the masters who have perfected them It is also necessary to 3 the history of these skills to better understand their value. However, we must be calm and not to view modern technology as one 4 of traditional skills. Instead, we should work hard to find a balance between the old and the new, and use technology to enhance our understanding and appreciation of these skills. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once (选择最恰当的选项填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词填一次) A．imagine    B．eventually    C． latest    D．engine     E. connected The Instant Auto-Translator, or the IAT, will be in shops in the next week or so. It is the 1 product from Pineapple Intelligence. The IAT is an incredible piece of technology that will change the world we live in. The idea is very simple. The IAT takes what you say and instantly translates it into another language. At the moment, the IAT has 15 languages to choose from, but 2 it will be able to translate into any living language. Just 3 you are a Spanish-speaker talking to a Swedish before you say it. It is 4 directly to your brain so it doesn’t need to hear what you are saying. You don’t need to speak—it translates what you are thinking. The Swedish-speaker will hear everything in Swedish. If they also have an IAT, they can talk back to you in Spanish. A．conversation    B．useful    C． expensive    D．apart from    E. partly How does it work? The IAT links with your brain using Wi-Fi. All you need to do is to have a small Wi-Fi chip put into your brain. Lots of people already have one—they are quite common these days and are not very 5 .Does it work well? Here at the New Tech Magazine, we have tried the IAT and it works quite well. We found there were a few translation problems, but not too many. We tried translating from Japanese into English first. It used the word chicken instead of kitchen. But 6 that, it worked well. Then we tried translating from French into Greek and found that it didn’t have Greek as a language choice yet.Is it easy to use? It takes some time to get used to using it. When two people are having a 7 using IATs, it is quite strange at first. You have to think what you want to say, which is quite different when compared to just saying exactly what it is that you want to say.Should I buy it? If you travel a lot, you will find it very 8 . But we think you should wait until it has more language before you buy one. With its current price set at $599, it’s a good idea to see if it will become cheaper over time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05 连词与状语从句讲练（60题）+五选四精讲（8篇） 内容导航 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚焦 1 考点一：连词 1 一：并列连词的用法 1 二：常用从属连词的用法 3 三：常用连词用法区别 4 考题再现 5 考点二：状语从句 7 一：条件状语从句 7 二：原因状语从句和地点状语从句 8 三：让步状语从句 9 四：目的、结果、比较状语从句 11 考题再现 11 考点三：五选四技巧 15 考题再现 17 难点强化 21 复习提升 27 核心考点聚焦 考点一：连词 一：并列连词的用法 并列连词用来连接平行的词、短语或句子；从属连词是用来引导从句的词。并列连词按照其在句中的作用可分为表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系和因果关系的连词。 一：表示并列关系的并列连词 表示并列关系的常见连词有：and (和；又；而且), as well as( 也 ； 和 ), both...and...( 既……又……), not only...but also...( 不仅……而且……), neither...nor... (既不……也不……)。 连词 用法 例句 but 意为＂但是＂，表示意义递进的转折或前后两个事实相反。 His mother won’t be there, but his father might. 他母亲不会去那里，但他父亲也许会去。 while 意为＂但是，然而＂，强调对比性的转折。 I like English while he likes math. 我喜欢英语而他喜欢数学。 yet 意为＂可是；然而＂，表示转折时，前面可与and连用，且这两个部分的主语是一致的。 I failed again, and yet I never give up. 我又失败了，然而我绝不放弃。 ►We are singing and they are dancing. 我们在唱歌，他们在跳舞。 ►I’m learning French as well as English. 我学法语，还学英语。 ►Not only English but also French is spoken in Canada. 在加拿大，人们不仅说英语，而且说法语。 二：表示转折关系的并列连词 1.although或though在引导让步状语从句时，主句不可使用转折连词but，但是可以使用yet或still。►Although she is in poor health，(yet) she works hard.虽然她的身体不好，但是她工作非常努力。 2.however 意为＂然而，不过＂，可放在句首、句中或句末，不能像but那样直接连接两个句子，常用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。 (×)We all tried our best, however we lost the game. (√)We all tried our best.However, we lost the game. (√)We all tried our best, but we lost the game. 三：表示选择关系的并列连词 连词 意义 例句 or 或者；否则 Hurry up, or you will be late. 快点，否则你会迟到的。 or else 否则；要不然 Be careful or else you will make a mistake. 小心，否则你将会犯错误。 rather than 而不是 I will do it myself rather than ask him to do it. 我会亲自去做这件事，而不是叫他去做。 not…but 不是……而是…… John is not her father but her uncle. 约翰不是她的父亲而是她的的叔叔 either…or 或者……或者…… Either Alice or her father cooks meals at home. 要么爱丽丝要么她爸爸在家做饭。 whether…or 不管是……还是…… They haven’t decided whether they will go to London or Berlin。他们尚未决定是去伦敦还是去柏林。 四：表示因果关系的并列连词 连词 意义 例句 for 意为＂因为＂，用来补充说明或表示推测性的理由，不能置于两个并列分句的句首，只能放在两个分句的中间。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。 so 表示＂因此；所以＂时，不能与because 连用。 He worked hard, so he passed the exam. 他努力学习，所以通过了考试。 二：常用从属连词的用法 从属连词 用法及例句 that 用于引导宾语从句，引导从句时无意义，常省略。 He told me（that）he won’t be late. 他告诉我说他不会迟到的。 though/although (虽然，尽管)， even if/though (即使) 可用于引导让步状语从句，though/although 不能与but连用。 Though he has a cold,he still goes to school. =He has a cold,but he still goes to work. 尽管他感冒了，他仍然去上学了。 if, whether (...or not)(是否) 可用于引导宾语从句，不可省略。 I don’t know whether it will rain or not today. 我不知道今天会不会下雨。 if (如果)， unless (除非；如不)， as long as(只要) 引导条件状语从句。 Thought he is very old, he still teaches himself English. 尽管他年龄很大，他仍然自学英语。 because (因为)， as (鉴于;由于)， since(由于，既然) 用于引导原因状语从句。 I don’t want to go outside because I am too tired. 我不想外出因为我太累了。 so...that, such...that (如此……以至于……) 可用于引导结果状语从句。 The scenary here is so beautiful that I don’t want to leave. 这儿的风景太美了，以至于我不想离开了。 since自从，until/till直到，after在……之后，before在……之前，when当……时候，while当……时侯，as soon as一……就……，whenever无论何时 用于引导时间状语从句。 When I arrived there, it was raining.当我到那里时，天正在下雨。 as if/as though (仿佛；好像) It seems as if it is going to rain.好像将要下雨了。 so that（以便）， in order that（为了） in case(以防) I get up early so that I won’t be late for class. 我起得很早，这样我上课不会迟到。 as...as...(和……一样……)， not so/as...as... (和……不一样……) 用于引导比较状语从句。 He is as smart as his brother. 他和他的哥哥一样聪明。 三：常用连词用法区别 1. while, when, as的用法区别： 这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。 （1）当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。 （2）当两个长动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是while。如： （3）当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as。如： （4）当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示“一边……一边……”时，最常用as。如： （5）当从句的动作先于主句的动作时，通常用when。 （6）当从句是瞬间动作，主句是延续性动作时，通常用when。 2. as, because, since, for的用法区别： 这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别。 （1）如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如： （2）如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。since比as稍微正式一点as和since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。如： （3）for用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For引导的句子不放在句子的开头。 3. if, whether的用法区别：if和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾语从句一般可互换。 （1）引导主语从句时。如：Whether he will come to the party is unknown. （2）引导表语从句时。如：The question is whether I can pass the exam. （3）引导宾语从句时，①在不定式前；②在具有选择意义又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether，而不用if；③宾语是介词引导的从句时用whether；④有时为了强调，将宾语从句放在句首时用whether。在下列情况下，只能用whether，不能用if： 7.Whether the story is true or not, I don’t know yet. 4. so…that, such...that的用法区别： （1）so…that中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such...that中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。I’m （2）如果在名词之前有many, much, little, few时，用so，不用such。 5. although, but的用法区别： 这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.” 这个句子应改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others. 6. because, so的用法区别： 这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.” 这个句子应改为Because John was ill, I took him to the doctor.或John was ill, so I took him to the doctor. 7. and和or的用法区别： （1）and用于肯定句中，or用于否定句或选择疑问句中。 （2）否定句中两部分都有否定词时用and连接。 （3）句中含有without时，肯定句中用or，否定句中用and。 （4）and与or(表示“否则”)都可以与if引导的条件状语从句转换。 考题再现 1．Many people are aware of pollution, ________ they often don’t take action to reduce it. A．but B．and C．so D．or 【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多人都意识到了污染问题，但是他们常常不采取行动来减少污染。 考查连词辨析。but但是，表示转折关系。and和，并且，表示并列或顺承关系；so所以，因此，表示因果关系；or或者，否则，表示选择关系。根据“Many people are aware of pollution”以及“they often don’t take action to reduce it”可知，前后两个句子的意思之间存在转折，前面说意识到污染，后面说却不采取行动。故选A。 2．Remember to return the book to the library on time, ________ you will be fined. A．but B．and C．so D．or 【答案】D 【详解】句意：记得按时把书还给图书馆，否则你会被罚款的。   考查连词辨析。but但是，表转折；and并且，表顺承；so因此，表因果；or否则。根据“Remember to return the book to the library on time”以及“you will be fined”可知，此处是说如果不按时还书，就会被罚款，用“or”符合语境，故选D。 3．Eason was very tired, _________ he continued to do his work until midnight. A．but B．or C．and D．so 【答案】A 【详解】句意：伊森很累，但他继续工作到午夜。 考查连词辨析。but但是；or或者；and并且；so因此。空前“Eason was very tired”和空后“he continued to do his work until midnight”可知，前后是转折关系，用连词but，故选A。 4．She bought his son a sweater, ________ he hated the color. A．and B．but C．so D．or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她给她儿子买了一件毛衣，但他讨厌这个颜色。 考查连词辨析。and和，并且，表并列或顺承；but但是，表转折；so所以，表因果；or或者，否则，表选择或条件。根据“She bought his son a sweater”和“he hated the color.”可知，前后是转折关系，用连词but。故选B。 5．Johnny had to write a report about Chinese history, ________ he went to the library A．for B．but C．or D．so 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Johnny需要写一篇关于中国历史的报告，所以他去了图书馆。 考查连词辨析。for因为（表原因）；but但是（表转折）；or或者（表选择）；so所以（表结果）。根据“Johnny had to write a report about Chinese history, …he went to the library”可知，写报告是去图书馆的原因，前后句是因果关系，因此此处用so连接。故选D。 6．They rushed to the hospital, ________ they were too late. A．although B．but C．if D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们急忙赶到医院，但是他们还是来晚了。 考查连词辨析。although虽然，尽管；but但是；if如果；so因此。根据“They rushed to the hospital, … they were too late.”可知，前后句子意义表示转折，即表达“尽管急忙赶到医院，但还是晚了”，因此用连词but。故选B。 7．Daming doesn’t earn much by fishing with birds, ________ he enjoy his work. A．so B．or C．for D．but 【答案】D 【详解】句意：大明靠鸟捕鱼挣得并不多，但他很喜欢他的工作。 考查并列连词辨析。so因此；or或者；for因为；but但是。根据“doesn’t earn much”和“enjoys his work”可知，前后两句存在转折关系，应用表示转折关系的连词but来连接。故选D。 8．The trip sounds interesting, ________ I’d rather stay at home. Thank you all the same. A．and B．or C．but D．so 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这次旅行听起来很有趣，但我宁愿待在家里。还是谢谢你。 考查连词辨析。and和；or或者；but但是；so所以。前后两句是转折关系，用but连接。故选C。 9．We didn’t think she could reach the final of the match, ________ she won the gold medal. A．but B．for C．or D．so 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们没有想到她能进入比赛的决赛，但她赢得了金牌。 考查连词辨析。but但是；for因为；or或者；so所以。前后句为转折关系，应用but连接。故选A。 10．Be careful not to touch the hot water, ________ you will get hurt. A．but B．or C．and D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：小心不要碰热水，否则你会受伤。 考查连词辨析。but但是；or否则；and并且；so所以。根据“Be careful not to touch the hot water, ... you will get hurt.”可知，小心不要碰热水，应该是“否则”会受伤。故选B。 考点二：状语从句 一：条件状语从句 【经典剖析】 1．条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。引导条件状语从句的连词有： if 如果；unless除非，如果不；on condition that条件是；as long as只要 2．表示正面的条件用if“如果”。 If you don't look after young trees, they will die very quickly. 如果你不好好照看小树苗，它们就会很快死去。 If the museum charges for entry, a lot of people won't be able to visit it. 如果进入博物馆要收费，许多人就参观不成了。 3．表示否定的条件用unless( =if.．．not)“除非，如果不”。 I shall not go to the cinema unless I finish my homework before eight. 我不会去看电影，除非我能在8点前完成作业。 说明：if…not常可以用unless替代。 If you don’t study hard, you will fail in the exam. You will fail in the exam unless you study hard. 4．表示使某事成为现实必要的条件用on condition that“条件是”，as long as ‘‘只要”。 You may go swimming on condition that you don't swim too far away from the river bank. 你可以去游泳，条件是你不能游得离河岸太远。 As long as you keep on trying, you will surely succeed. 只要你继续尝试就一定能成功。 因此，我们不能说： As long as you don't study hard, you will fail in the exam. 5．祈使结构表条件。 前半部分的祈使结构相当于if条件句，可用动词或名词开头；后半部分的简单句常用一般将来时，有时也用一般现在时。此句型与条件状语从句形成同义结构。 1) 祈使句( , ) +and/then+简单句 ＝> if 从句(否定式)+主句 Give me somewhere to stand, and I will move the earth.（如果）给我一个支点，我便能掀动地球。 =If you give me somewhere to stand, I will move the earth. One more word, and I'll turn you out. 你再多说一句，我就把你赶出去。 =If you speak one more word, I will turn you out. Use your head, then you'll find a way. 动动脑子你就能找到办法。 =If you use your head, you'll find a way. 2) 祈使句（,）+or+简单句 ＝> if 从句(否定式)+主语 Work even harder, or you will never pass the exam. 如果不加倍努力，你就永远无法通过考试。 = If you don't work harder, you will never pass the exam. Stop telling lies, or you will be punished. 如果你继续说谎，就会受到惩罚。 = If you don't stop telling lies, you will be punished. 二：原因状语从句和地点状语从句 1． 原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的连词有： because, for, since, as, now that 1) because意为“因为”，表示直接的原因或理由，着重点在从句，用于回答why，语气最强。 He is absent today because he is ill. 他今天缺席，因为他病了。 I didn't go out because I was busy with homework. 我没有出去，因为我忙于家庭作业。 有时，可用because of后接名词或代词表示原因，此时because of=for(介词)。 We won't be able to come because of the weather. 由于天气的原因，我们来不了。 She was looking all the better for her stay in hospital. 她因为待在医院，显得好多了。 2) for意为“因为”，引导的从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供补充说明，且不可位于主句前。for前往往用逗号或分号与主句分开，引起的从句对主句加以解释。 I didn't go to see him, for a heavy snow was falling. 我没有去看他，因为在下大雪。 The days were short, for it was now December. 白天短了，因为现在已经是十二月了。 We must begin planning now, for the future may bring unexpected changes. 我们必须现在就开始筹划，因为将来可能会发生意想不到的变化。 有时，for引起的从句并不表示原因，而是表示一种推断或解释，而because则不能。 Someone in the house must be ill, for a doctor has just come out.房子里一定有人病了，因为有个医生刚刚出来。 3) since意为“既然”、“由于”，一般表示对方已知的、无需加以说明的既成事实的理由(如果从句表示的原因不是确定的事实，就不能用since，通常用because)。 Since you are going, I will go too. 既然你要走，我也走了。 Since you are ill, I'll go alone. 由于你病了，我就一个人走了。 4) as意为“由于”，表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系，着重点在主句，语气较弱。 As it is snowing, we shall not go to the park. 由于正在下雪，我们就不去公园了。 He had to apologize, as he knew he had made a mistake. 他必须道歉，因为他知道他错了。 由as表示的原因语势最弱，常用于口语。 5) now that意为“既然”，有时可将that省去，含义与since接近。区别在于：since表示原先已存在的情况，而now that表示现在才发生的情况。 Now that it has stopped raining, let's start at once. 既然现在雨停了，咱们马上开始吧！ Now that you have come, you may as well stay. 既然来了，你最好还是待在这儿。 2．地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词有： where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere Put it where you can see it. 把它放在你看得见的地方。 I'll find him, wherever he is. 不管他在哪里我都要找到他。 You should put the book where it was.你应该把书放在原来的地方。 Wherever you go, you should do your work well. 不论你到哪里都要把工作做好。 You can’t camp anywhere/where/ wherever you like.你不能想在哪里安营就在哪里安营。 三：让步状语从句 1．引导让步状语从句的连词有： although, while, even though, even if, whether... (or not), 用no matter十wh-/how 引导 2．although／though“虽然”。 Although I didn’t know anybody at the party, I had a very good time. 虽然晚会上的客人我一个也不认识，但我玩得很愉快。 [注意]“although…but”是个典型的错误，因为but是并列连词，不能与从属连词although连用。但是，although可与yet，still连用，因为yet，still是副词，它可使前后关系更明确。 3．while意为“然而”。 1) while用于对照，说明两种情况相反，意为“然而，但是”。 Tom is very outgoing, while Jane is shy and quiet.汤姆性格外向，而简却腼腆安静。 While I was reading, he was playing. 我在读书，而他在玩。 2) while意为“虽然，尽管”，同although，此时从句和主句的主语往往为同一人或物。 While she liked cats。she never let them come into her room．虽然她喜欢猫，但她从不让猫进她的房间。 4．even if “即使”（if后陈述的是假设）；even though“尽管”（though后陈述的是事实）。 I'm going to apply for the job, even if it pays very little. 即使报酬不高，我也要去申请那份工作。 He is an honest man, I say, even though I have opposed him. 我说他是个诚实的人，尽管我反对过他。 5．whether…(or not)“无论是……或是……”. Whether it rains or not, I shall go out for an outing. 无论是否下雨，我都要外出游玩。 Whether we win or lose, we are going to do our best. 无论胜败，我们都会尽最大努力。 [注意] whether作“无论”解，用现在时表将来；whether作“是否”解时则不能。 They'll go out whether it rains or not tomorrow. 无论明天是否下雨，他们都要出去。 Can you tell me whether it will rain or not tomorrow? 你能告诉我明天是否下雨吗？ 6．用no matter+ wh-／how的词引导，意为“无论”。 no matter who无论谁，no matter which无论哪一，no matter what无论什么, no matter when无论何时，no matter where无论哪里，no matter how无论怎样 No matter who you are, you must obey the law. 无论你是谁，你都应当遵纪守法。 No matter where you are, you must remember you are a League member. 无论你在哪里，你都应当记住你是一个团员。 It has the same result no matter which way you do it. 无论用什么方法来做，结果都一样。 No matter what happens, we'll never lose heart.不管发生什么，我们永远不会灰心。 You can always find him working at the desk no matter when you go to see him. 无论什么时候你去看他，总会发现他坐在桌边工作。 No matter how cold it is, she often goes swimming.无论有多冷，她总是常去游泳。 四：目的、结果、比较状语从句 【经典剖析】 1．引导目的状语从句的连词有： in order that目的是为了，so that，以便 以in order that，so that引导的目的状语从句谓语通常用may，might加动词构成，也可用can/ could或will／would加动词构成。 He works hard in order that he can serve his country well. 他努力工作，目的是为了能更好地为国家服务。 They started early so that they might arrive in time. 他们很早出发，以便按时到达。 [注意]“for+动名词”不用于表目的，但“for+名词”可用于表目的。 Write it in simple English to make(不能用for making) everybody understand. 为了能让每个人都理解，请用简单的英语写。 Better get up early for the early train. 为了能赶上早班火车，请早一点起床。 2．引导结果状语从句的词： so that以致，so…that如此……以致，such…that如此……以致 He made a wrong decision, so that half of his property was lost. 他做了个错误的决定，以至于他丢失了一半的财产。 The box is so heavy that nobody can move it. 这个箱子是如此重，（以至于）无人能移动它。 It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it. 这个箱子如此重，（以至于）无人能移动它。 [注意]so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句，其区别在于：引导结果状语从句时通常用逗号同主句分开。 3．引导比较状语从句的词有： than比，as…as“像……一样”，not so…as“不像……一样”，the more…the more“越……越” I know you better than he does. 我比他更了解你。 We walked as fast as we could. 我们尽可能地快步行走。 The work is not so easy as you thought. 这工作没有你想的那么简单。 Nothing is so precious as health没有什么能像健康一样珍贵。 The harder you study, the greater progress you will make. 你越努力学习，进步就越大。 考题再现 11．You have to leave now ________ you can catch the early bus. A．so that B．as soon as C．because D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你现在必须离开，以便能赶上早班车。     考查连词辨析。so that以便；as soon as一……就；because因为；when当……时。根据句意可知，前半句“You have to leave now”的目的是为了“catch the early bus”，因此需用表目的的连词。故选A。 12．I’m going to visit Disneyland ________ I like Mickey Mouse. A．so B．because C．but D．though 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我要去迪士尼乐园，因为我喜欢米老鼠。   考查连词辨析。so所以；because因为；but但是；though尽管。“I like Mickey Mouse”是“I’m going to visit Disneyland”的原因，because符合语境。故选B。 13．We’re going to have a class meeting ________ we can hear everybody’s idea about the spring outing activities. A．as soon as B．so that C．while D．until 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们要开一个班会，这样我们就可以听到大家对春游活动的想法。 考查连词辨析。as soon as一……就……；so that以便；while当……的时候；until直到。根据“We’re going to have a class meeting…we can hear everybody’s idea about the spring outing activities.”的语境可知，此处表示开班会的目的，B项符合。故选B。 14．She was able to sell millions of her handmade dolls, ________ they were in good qualities. A．so B．or C．for D．but 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她能够卖出数百万个她手工制作的玩偶，因为这些玩偶质量很好。 考查连词辨析。so因此，表示因果关系，原因在前，结果在后；or或者，表示选择关系；for因为，表示因果关系，原因在后，结果在前；but但是，表示转折关系。根据“She was able to sell millions of her handmade dolls...they were in good qualities.”可知，前后两句之间是因果关系，前一句是结果，后一句是原因，所以应该用for来表示原因。故选C。 15．________ the task seemed hard, Jack and his team managed to complete it. A．Unless B．If C．As D．Although 【答案】D 【详解】句意：尽管这项任务看似艰难，杰克和他的团队还是设法完成了。 考查连词辨析。Unless除非；If如果；As当……时；正如；Although尽管。根据“the task seemed hard, Jack and his team managed to complete it.”可知，此处表示“尽管难但完成了”，Although引导的让步状语从句，符合语境。故选D。 16．The college students won’t go on the graduation trip ________ they raise enough money for it. A．if B．because C．unless D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：除非筹集到足够的资金，否则大学生们不会去参加毕业旅行的。 考查连词辨析。if如果；because因为；unless除非；when在……时候。根据“The college students won’t go on the graduation trip…they raise enough money for it.”的语境可知，因为筹钱是去旅行的必要条件，所以钱不够就不能去，unless符合。故选C。 17．Your sore throat won’t get better ________ you drink warm tea with honey. A．until B．unless C．if D．although 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你的喉咙痛不会好转，除非你喝加蜂蜜的温茶。 考查连词辨析。until直到；unless除非；if如果；although虽然。根据题意可知，你的喉咙痛不会好转，除非你喝加蜂蜜的温茶，unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句，强调必须满足喝蜂蜜茶的条件，否则喉咙不会好转，“unless除非” 符合题意。故选B。 18．Most dogs will not attack people ________ they smell danger coming. A．unless B．when C．if D．because 【答案】A 【详解】句意：大多数狗不会攻击人，除非它们嗅到危险来临。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；when当……时；if如果；because因为。根据语境，这里表示狗攻击人的条件是嗅到危险，即如果没有嗅到危险就不会攻击人，所以用“unless”。故选A。 19．It would be good __________ you could practice 30 minutes a day. A．as B．if C．even if D．although 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你每天能练习30分钟，那就太好了。 考查连词辨析。as因为；if如果；even if即使；although尽管。根据“It would be good…you could practice 30 minutes a day.”可知，此处表示“如果每天练习30分钟会很好”，if引导的条件状语从句，符合语境，故选B。 20．Your parents will be satisfied ________ you help them with the housework. A．if B．until C．although D．unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你帮父母做家务，他们会很满意。 考查连词辨析。if如果（表条件）；until直到（表时间）；although虽然（表让步）；unless除非（表否定条件）。根据句意，空格处需填入表示条件的连词，强调“帮忙做家务”是“父母满意”的前提条件。if最符合语境。故选A。 21．Please make a phone call to me ________ you arrive in Beijing tomorrow. A．now that B．though C．as soon as D．because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：请你明天一到北京就给我打个电话。 考查连词辨析。now that既然；though虽然；as soon as一……就……；because因为。根据“Please make a phone call to me”以及“you arrive in Beijing tomorrow”可知，此处表示时间上的紧密衔接，即一到北京就打电话，用“as soon as”引导时间状语从句。故选C。 22．The dog didn’t stop barking ________ the strangers went far away. A．since B．until C．because D．while 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这只狗直到陌生人走远才停止吠叫。 考查连词辨析。since自从；until直到；because因为； while当……时候。分析题干可知，此处是not...until“直到……才”结构，表示直到陌生人走远才停止吠叫。故选B。 23．I didn’t realize he was a famous scientist ________ you told me. A．because B．although C．unless D．until 【答案】D 【详解】句意：直到你告诉我，我才知道他是一位著名的科学家。 考查连词辨析。because因为；although尽管；unless除非；until直到。not…until…表示“直到……才”，是固定搭配。这里的主句是否定式“didn’t realize”，而从句是“you told me”，所以用until的话，整个句子的意思就是“直到你告诉我，我才意识到他是著名科学家。” 这完全符合逻辑。故选D。 24．We met a nice and friendly neighbor ________ we lived in Shanghai. A．if B．although C．since D．when 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们住在上海时遇到了一位友好的邻居。 考查连词。if如果；although尽管；since自从；when当……时。根据“We met a nice and friendly neighbor…we lived in Shanghai.”的语境可知，说明“遇到邻居”发生在 “住在上海”的期间，when符合。故选D。 25．The policeman asked me to stay ________ I stood. A．in which B．when C．at which D．where 【答案】D 【详解】句意：警察让我待在原地。 考查where引导状语从句。根据分析句子可知，此处应该用where引导状语从句，在从句中作地点状语，表达警察让我待在原地。故选D。 26．The captain was ________ proud ________ he was seized by the Greeks at last. A．too, to B．enough, that C．so, that D．enough, to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：船长是如此骄傲以至于他最后被希腊人抓住了。 考查so … that引导结果状语从句。too...to...太……而不能……；enough…that…搭配错误；so...that...如此…… 以至于……；enough...to...足够去做……。第二空后“he was seized by the Greeks at last”为句子，所以这里不能用不定式符号to，排除A和D；enough“足够地”，副词，修饰形容词或副词时要放在所修饰词的后面，即proud enough，排除B；“so”后面接形容词或副词，“that”引导结果状语从句。“proud是形容词，“he was seized by the Greeks at last”是一个句子，符合“so...that...”的用法。故选C。 27．The Math teacher went on to finish the lesson ________ she was very tired. A．though B．if C．because D．unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：数学老师继续上完课，尽管她很累。   考查连词辨析。though尽管，引导让步状语从句；if如果，引导条件状语从句；because因为，引导原因状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句。根据“The Math teacher went on to finish the lesson”以及“she was very tired”可知，前后句之间是让步关系，即尽管老师很累，但还是继续上完了课，故选A。 考点三：五选四技巧 五选四的考题特点： 1. 词汇方面注重对于词汇和搭配的考察。 2. 语法方面考察词性之间关系和句子结构分析能力。 3. 逻辑方面考察上下文联系 知识点1：五选四解题步骤 STEP 1 详读选项，词分类 两篇文章选项中的10个词是考查的关键，考生应该详细的理解这10个单词。熟悉的单词标明词性和词义，不熟悉的单词或者不认识的单词只需标明词性，然后根据名词、动词、形容词、副词四大类按规律排列在试卷上。这样就缩小了选择的范围，降低了试题的难度。 注意： 1. 动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。非谓语动词包括：动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。过去分词有两种可能性(形容词和动词的过去分词), 因此要根据动词的形式结合文章进行相应的时态或者语态的判断。 2. 不认识的词要看后缀。构词法中, 前缀区分意思, 后缀区分词性。所以看词尾往往能大致分出词性。词性无法确定的, 暂时搁置。 3. 做出相应的标记。在英文中有的单词不只有一个词性，比如大家常见的play/visit/study基友名词词性也有动词词性。 STEP 2 略读全文，定中心 考生拿到题目以后，由于考查考生对篇章的理解，应该略读整篇文章，确定文章的中心或主要说明的问题。要抓住文章首句，迅速找到文章的主题词或主题。和完型填空一样，一般文章第一句不设空格，以便让考生知道本文的相关主题词或主题。在此，建议大家使用略读的方法，以快速掌握文章大意。 STEP 3 瞻前顾后，灵活选 词性分类之后，回到原文中，根据原文中空格的前后单词或者前后语句确定所要填的词性，然后从分类好的单词中选择出词性、意思、语法都符合要求的最佳选项。首先，根据语法知识确认可以被填入此空的词性，然后按第一步中标注出的词性进行筛选，最后将备选词逐个代入空中细读句意，考虑上下问逻辑关系做出选择。 STEP 4 复核检查，定结果 篇章词汇理解题目类似于完型填空，这需要考生不仅要迅速的确定答案，还要在确定答案之后迅速的复查。检查上下文是否通顺、上下文的逻辑结构是否正确、文章的意思是否出现偏差等等，复查无误后即可确定为最后答案。 知识点2 : 五选四解题技巧 STEP 1判断词性的技巧 前面提到的“瞻前顾后”就是需要考生根据空格的前后来决定所填词的词性以及应填的正确选项，我们可以根据一些简单的语法知识确定答案。应该说语法知识是解词汇理解题的基础。 1. 确定空格为名词 (1) a /an/the n. , adj. n. , vt. n. , 即空格处前面为冠词、形容词或者及物动词的，空格处应填入名词； (2) n. v., 即空格处后面是动词的，空格处应填入该动词的主语(名词)； (3) prep. n., 即空格处前面是介词的，空格处充当介词宾语，用填入一个名词或动名词。 2. 确定空格为动词 (1) n. /pron. vt. n./pron., 即空格前面已有名词/代词作主语，后面又有名词/代词作为动词的宾语，空格处应为及物动词； (2) n. /pron. vi. , 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面没有宾语，空格处应填不及物动词； (3) n. /pron. vi. adv./prep., 即空格处前面是名词/代词，空格处后面是副词/介词，空格处应填入不及物动词，与副词/介词构成固定搭配； (4) n. /pron. link v./be. adj., 即空格处前面是名词/代词，后面是形容词，空格处应填入系动词或be动词； (5) to v. , 即空格处前有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动词原形；另一种情况to是介词，后面应填入动名词。 3. 确定空格为形容词 (1) adj. n. 或n. adj. , 即空格处前面或者后面为名词的，空格处应填入形容词； (2) adv. adj. , 即空格处前面是副词的，空格处应填入形容词； (3) link/be v. adj., 即空格处前面是系动词或be动词的，空格处应填入形容词作表语。 4. 确定空格为副词 (1) adv. v. 或v. adv. , 即空格处前面或者后面为动词的，空格处应填入副词； (2) adv. adj., 即空格处后面是形容词的，空格处应填入副词。 STEP 2利用逻辑关系词确定答案 在篇章词汇理解题目中，文章的逻辑关系对于考生把握整篇文章是很重要的，文章的逻辑关系通过一些逻辑关系词体现的，考生可以通过逻辑关系词来推断出一些答案。 常见的逻辑关系词如下： (1) 并列关系：and , or, as well as 等 (2) 对比关系：but , however , on the contrary , rather than 等 (3) 比较关系：as…as , like , similar 等 (4) 因果关系：because , for , since , as a result of , therefore , thus 等 (5) 举例关系：for example , for instance , such as ， and so on 等 (6) 递进关系：and , what’s more , moreover , in addition 等 STEP 3比较填词 将词性分类后，如何确定哪个选项是正确答案呢？这就需要考生进行选项间的比较，比较同词性的词汇哪一个是最佳答案。 逻辑判断：即根据文章的逻辑顺序和逻辑结构，确定同词性的词汇中的哪个是最佳答案 词义判断：即通过同词性词汇的中文意思是否符合文章的整体意思，由此判断是不是最合适的选项 考题再现 A．according to   B．success   C． market   D．president   E. lasted When Betty became the 1 of the volunteer club in her high school, she thought her classmates should do something to help the old people in the nursing home nearby their school. This nursing home was in need of financial help 2 a local newspaper, so Betty decided to hold an event where all the money they raised would go toward the old. They came up with the idea of running a market at school on a Saturday. The event 3 from 9:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m. Since it was meaningful, everyone in the club worked to make the event a 4 . A．Furniture   B．take   C． encourage   D．possible   E. raise In the weeks before the event, the club members put up posters to 5 their fellow students and teachers to donate anything they did not want, such as old clothes, unused electrical appliances, and second-hand 6 . To add variety to the market, they sold lemonade and hot dogs. In getting the news of the event out, they made as much use of social media as 7 to reduce any costs. Since one person’s rubbish is another person’s gold, the market attracted a lot of buyers. Most importantly, it helped Betty and her club members 8 lots of money for the old. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．E 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．E 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Betty作为志愿者俱乐部主席组织义卖活动为养老院筹集资金的故事。 1．句意：当贝蒂成为她高中志愿者俱乐部的主席时，她认为同学们应该做些事情来帮助学校附近养老院的老人。根据“the...of the volunteer club”可知，此处应填表示职位的名词，president意为“主席；总统”，符合语境。故选D。 2．句意：据当地一家报纸报道，这家养老院需要经济援助，所以贝蒂决定举办一场活动，筹集的所有资金都将用于老人。根据“a local newspaper”可知，此处表示“根据”，according to意为“根据；按照” ，符合语境。故选A。 3．句意：活动从上午9点持续到下午5点。根据“from 9:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m.”可知，此处表示活动持续的时间，lasted意为“持续” ，是last的过去式，符合语境。故选E。 4．句意：因为这很有意义，俱乐部里的每个人都努力使这次活动取得成功。根据“make the event a...”可知，此处应填名词，make sth. a success意为“使某事成功” ，success意为“成功”，符合语境。故选B。 5．句意：在活动前的几周里，俱乐部成员张贴海报，鼓励他们的同学和老师捐赠他们不需要的任何东西，比如旧衣服、未使用的电器和二手家具。根据“put up posters to...their fellow students and teachers to donate...”可知，此处表示“鼓励”，encourage意为“鼓励”，符合语境。故选C。 6．句意：在活动前的几周里，俱乐部成员张贴海报，鼓励他们的同学和老师捐赠他们不需要的任何东西，比如旧衣服、未使用的电器和二手家具。根据“such as old clothes, unused electrical appliances, and second-hand...”可知，此处应填捐赠物品相关的名词，furniture意为“家具”，符合语境。故选A。 7．句意：在宣传活动消息时，他们尽可能多地利用社交媒体来降低成本。as...as possible意为“尽可能……”，是固定搭配，possible意为“可能的”，符合语境。故选D。 8．句意：最重要的是，它帮助贝蒂和她的俱乐部成员为老人筹集了很多钱。根据“lots of money for the old”可知，此处表示“筹集”，raise意为“筹集；提高”，符合语境。help sb. do sth.是固定用法，所以此处用动词原形。故选E。 A．notice            B．local            C． especially            D．appear            E. correctly Imagine getting happily lost among stone paths in beautiful sunny weather, with running water all around. If that seems like a perfect day to you, Freiburg (弗莱堡) should 1 on your travel list. Freiburg is just beside Germany’s famous Black Forest, very close to the borders of both France and Switzerland. The city was a market town around 900 years ago. People came here to trade freely, and their wealth made them proud. Later, they had a(n) 2 difficult time fighting for their personal freedom. After its first university was set up in the city in 1457, it turned into a cultural center for the arts and sciences. The first things you’ll 3 while walking through Freiburg’s old city center are the narrow water-filled channels (管道). In the Middle Ages, they were used as a water supply and were used to fight fires. An old Freiburg legend (传奇) says that if you stand on or fall in one, you’ll marry a 4 . The city is also famous for its ancient church and green lifestyle. Since the summer holiday is coming, why not spread your wings and take a look at it with your own eyes? 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了德国城市弗莱堡的特点。 1．句意：如果这对你来说是一个完美的日子，那么弗莱堡应该出现在你的旅行清单上。根据“Freiburg (弗莱堡) should...on your travel list”可知，此处指弗莱堡应该出现在旅行清单上，appear“出现”。故选D。 2．句意：后来，他们为了个人自由经历了一段特别艰难的时期。根据“they had a(n)...difficult time fighting for their personal freedom”可知，此处指经历了一段特别艰难的时期，用especially修饰difficult表示强调，especially“尤其”。故选C。 3．句意：当你漫步在弗莱堡的老城区时，你首先会注意到的是狭窄的充满水的管道。根据“The first things you’ll...while walking through Freiburg’s old city center”可知，此处指首先会注意到的东西，notice“注意到”。故选A。 4．句意：弗莱堡的一个古老传说说，如果你站在或掉进其中一个（管道）里，你会嫁给一个当地人。根据“you’ll marry a...”可知，此处指会嫁给一个当地人，local“当地人”。故选B。 A．while    B．familiar    C． squares    D．similar    E. take turns Chess is one of the oldest and most popular board games in the world. It is played with small figures on a board with black and white 1 , in eight rows and eight columns. Two players, playing “black” or “white”, 2 moving the pieces around the board. The object of the game is to capture the other player’s “king”. The Chinese also have a game very 3 to chess, which is called Xiangqi. It has a board that is nine lines wide and ten lines long, and with a “river” in the middle. One player has red or white pieces, 4 the other player has black, blue or green pieces. A．liquid    B．Instead    C． discovered    D．Besides    E. various Rubber is useful. We make 5 things from rubber. We make car tires from it. We make pencil erasers from it. Rubber comes from the rubber tree! The 6 in the rubber tree is called latex (乳胶). Latex lies under the tree’s bark. Cut into the bark. Latex flows out! Then it turned into rubber. Native South American tribes (部落) made rubber from latex many centuries ago. No one knows exactly when these tribes 7 rubber. But Christopher Columbus knew about rubber! In 1493, he took a second trip to the Americas and saw natives playing with a rubber ball! There are many different plants that make latex. But we use only the rubber tree to make rubber. Why? Some latex is hard to turn into rubber. This tree’s latex is easy to turn into rubber. 8 , this tree actually makes more latex when it is cut. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．D 4．A 5．E 6．A 7．C 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了国际象棋和中国象棋的相似之处，以及橡胶的用途和来源。 1．句意：它是在一个有着黑白方格的棋盘上，用小棋子来玩的，棋盘有八行八列。根据“black and white”和“eight rows and eight columns”可知，此处描述棋盘由黑白相间的格子组成。with后接名词，这里描述棋盘的组成部分，选项C“方格”符合语境。故选C。 2．句意：两个玩家，执“黑”或“白”，轮流在棋盘上移动棋子。根据“Two players, playing “black” or “white” ... moving the pieces around the board.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示双方轮流在棋盘上移动棋子。这里需要谓语动词，选项E“轮流”符合语境。故选E。 3．句意：中国人也有一个与国际象棋非常相似的游戏，叫做象棋。根据“The Chinese also have a game very ... to chess, which is called Xiangqi.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示中国人也有一种与国际象棋非常相似的游戏。be+形容词+to是常见结构，be similar to“与……相似”。故选D。 4．句意：一个玩家有红色或白色的棋子，而另一个玩家有黑色、蓝色或绿色的棋子。根据“One player has red or white pieces ... the other player has black, blue or green pieces.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示一方执红或白棋子，而另一方执黑、蓝或绿棋子。这里连接两个表示对比的句子，选项A“而”符合语境，此处while用于对比。故选A。 5．句意：我们用橡胶制作各种各样的东西。根据“We make ... things from rubber.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示我们用橡胶制作各种物品。things是名词，需要形容词修饰，选项E“各种各样的”符合语境。故选E。 6．句意：橡胶树里的液体叫做乳胶。根据“The ... in the rubber tree is called latex (乳胶).”及备选词汇可知，这里表示橡胶树里的液体叫做乳胶。the后接名词，根据后面提到的乳胶可知选项A“液体”符合语境。故选A。 7．句意：没人确切知道这些部落什么时候发现了橡胶。根据“No one knows exactly when these tribes ... rubber.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示没人确切知道这些部落什么时候发现了橡胶。这里需要谓语动词，根据语境是过去发现的，选项C“发现”符合语境。故选C。 8．句意：相反，这种树被切割时实际上会产生更多的乳胶。根据“... this tree actually makes more latex when it is cut.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示相反，这种树被切割时实际上会产生更多的乳胶。这里需要副词表示转折关系，选项B“相反”符合语境。故选B。 难点强化 一、单项选择 28．Paper cutting looks very easy ________ actually it may not be like that. A．but B．so C．or D．for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：剪纸看起来很容易，但实际上可能并非如此。 考查连词辨析。but但是；so因此；or或者；for因为。分析句子可知，前后句之间是转折关系，需用连词but。故选A。 29．It takes much effort and time to cast for dogs, ________ to me the rewards are worth it. A．so B．or C．but D．for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：照顾狗要花费很多精力和时间，但是对于我来说，这些回报是值得的。 考查连词词义辨析。so因此；or或；but但是；for因为。根据“It takes much effort and time to cast for dogs, … to me the rewards are worth it.”可知，前后句是转折关系，空格处应填but，表示转折，故选C。 30．Li Ming was very tired, ________ he finished his work before going to bed. A．but B．so C．nor D．or 【答案】A 【详解】句意：李明很累，但他在睡觉前完成了工作。 考查连词辨析。but但是；so因此；nor也不；or或者。分析“Li Ming was very tired, ...he finished his work before going to bed.”可知，前后两句构成转折关系，用but连接。故选A。 31．He suffered a lot from his foot problem, ________ nothing could prevent him from finishing the race. A．and B．but C．so D．or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他的脚伤让他承受了很多痛苦，但没有什么可以阻止他完成比赛。 考查连词。and和；but但是；so因此；or或者。根据“He suffered a lot from his foot problem…nothing could prevent him from finishing the race.”可知前后表转折，故选B。 32．John gave all his food to the little girl, ________ he was hungry himself. A．if B．because C．since D．although 【答案】D 【详解】句意：约翰把所有的食物都给了小女孩，尽管他自己也饿了。 考查连词辨析。if如果；because因为；since既然；although尽管。根据“John gave all his food to the little girl”及“he was hungry himself”可知两者构成让步关系，应用although引导让步状语从句，故选D。 33．You won’t be able to keep fit ________ you eat healthy food and exercise regularly. A．when B．if C．unless D．because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：除非你吃健康的食物并经常锻炼，否则你将无法保持健康。 考查连词辨析。when当……时；if如果；unless除非，如果不；because因为。分析“You won’t be able to keep fit...you eat healthy food and exercise regularly.”可知，后句是前句的否定条件，应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选C。 34．We may face serious problems _______ we take better care of the Earth. A．if B．unless C．though D．as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：除非我们更好地保护地球，否则我们可能会面临严重的问题。 考查连词辨析。if如果；unless除非；though尽管；as因为，由于。分析句子结构可知，“we take better care of the Earth”是“We may face serious problems”的否定条件，应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。 35．You are unlikely to pass the exam ________ you study with great diligence and focus. A．as B．because C．if D．unless 【答案】D 【详解】句意：除非你非常勤奋和专注地学习，否则你不太可能通过考试。 考查连词辨析。as因为；because因为；if如果；unless除非。根据“You are unlikely to pass the exam”和“you study with great diligence and focus.”可知，此处表示除非你努力，否则无法通过考试，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选D。 36．“Pineapple burger” tastes nice and juicy ______ the name may sound strange. A．unless B．though C．if D．because 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“菠萝汉堡”尝起来美味多汁，虽然名字听起来很奇怪。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；though虽然；if如果；because因为。根据“‘Pineapple burger’ tastes nice and juicy…the name may sound strange.”可知此处表示转折，应用though引导让步状语从句。故选B。 37．Sometimes, our decisions are easily influenced by others ________ we may not be aware of it. A．after B．because C．though D．unless 【答案】C 【详解】句意：有时我们的决定很容易被他人影响，尽管我们自己可能没有意识到这一点。 考查连词辨析。after在……之后；because因为；though尽管；unless除非。根据“our decisions are easily influenced by others”和“we may not be aware of it”可知，前后为让步关系，表示即使没有意识到，决定仍会被影响。用though引导让步状语从句。故选C。 38．________ astronauts face many problems in space, they still do scientific experiments actively. A．Because B．Although C．If D．As soon as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：尽管宇航员在太空中面临许多问题，但他们仍然积极地进行科学实验。 考查连词辨析。because因为；although尽管；if如果；as soon as一……就……。根据“astronauts face many problems in space”和“they still do scientific experiments actively.”可知，前后两句之间是让步关系，although引导的让步状语从句，符合语境，故选B。 39．You should go to the clinic right now ________ you don’t feel quite well. A．though B．since C．unless D．until 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你应该马上去诊所，因为你感觉不太舒服。 考查连词辨析。though虽然 ；since因为；unless除非；until直到。根据“you don’t feel quite well.”可知，后文解释了原因，since符合语境。故选B。 40．Reading aloud is a good reading method ________ it can make memory better and deepen understanding of articles. A．because B．although C．unless D．while 【答案】A 【详解】句意：朗读是一种很好的阅读方法，因为它可以提高记忆力，加深对文章的理解。 考查连词。because因为；although虽然；unless除非；while当。根据“Reading aloud is a good reading method”以及“it can make memory better and deepen understanding of articles”可知前后句表因果关系。故选A。 41．There is no coffee left. You can drink _______ tea _______ orange juice. A．neither; or B．either; or C．no; or D．whether; or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：没有咖啡了。你可以喝茶或者橙汁。 考查并列连词的用法。“tea”和“orange juice”表示选择关系，应用“either…or…”，表示“或者……或者……”。故选B。 42．The little child can speak English ________ his parents can’t. A．when B．while C．as D．since 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个小孩会说英语，而他的父母不会。 考查连词辨析。when当……时；while而，然而；as因为；since自从。根据“can speak English ... his parents can’t”可知，前后文表对比，用while连接。故选B。 43．You’d better not always depend on your parents, ________ you will never grow up. A．and B．or C．but D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你最好不要总是依赖你的父母，否则你永远不会长大。 考查并列连词辨析。and并且；or否则；but但是；so因此。根据“You’d better not always depend on your parents”可知，不能总是依赖父母，否则永远长不大，用or表示“否则”。故选B。 44．Amy likes to go to the cinema, she doesn’t like to see horror films. A．or B．so C．but D．for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Amy喜欢看电影，但是她不喜欢看恐怖电影。 考查连词辨析。or或者；so所以；but但是；for为了。根据“Amy likes to go to the cinema”以及“she doesn’t like to see horror films”可知，前后表示转折，应该用but连接。故选C。 45．My glasses fell to the ground and broke into pieces, ________ I had to buy a new pair. A．or B．so C．but D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的眼镜掉在地上摔成了碎片，所以我不得不买一副新的。 考查表示因果关系的连词。or或者；so因此；but但是；for因为。根据“I had to buy a new pair.”可知，此处说的是眼镜碎了的结果。故选B。 46．Belinda used to get up late, ________ she isn’t late for class any longer now. A．but B．so C．or D．and 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Belinda过去常常起床晚，但现在不会迟到上课了。 考查连词辨析。but但是；so所以；or或者，否则；and和。根据“Belinda used to get up late, ... she isn’t late for class any longer now.”可知，前后两句呈转折关系，因此用but连接，故选A。 47．We have decided to keep the secret just among us, ________ we will not tell it to anyone else. A．so B．but C．for D．or 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们决定在我们之间保守这个秘密，所以我们不会告诉任何人。 考查连词辨析。so所以；but但是；for因为；or否则。根据“We have decided to keep the secret just among us, ... we will not tell it to anyone else.”可知，前后为因果关系，前因后果，应用so。故选A。 48．I’ll be able to finish the project on time ________ there are unexpected delays. A．when B．because C．unless D．though 【答案】C 【详解】句意：除非出现意外延误，否则我能按时完成这个项目。 考查从属连词辨析。when当……时；because因为；unless除非；though尽管。根据“to finish the project on time…there are unexpected delays.”可知，此处指的是“除非”出现意外延误，否则我能按时完成这个项目，用unless引导状语从句。故选C。 49．The robber wore a sock over his face ________ he wouldn’t be recognized by the security cameras. A．although B．so that C．because D．unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：强盗用袜子蒙住脸，以便监控摄像头认不出来。 考查从属连词。although尽管；so that以便于；because因为；unless除非。根据“The robber wore a sock over his face...he wouldn’t be recognized by the security cameras.”可知，强盗用袜子蒙住脸的目的是为了不让监控摄像头认出来，用so that引导的目的状语从句。故选B。 50．Dad sometimes goes to the supermarket with us ________ he hates going shopping. A．because B．unless C．until D．though 【答案】D 【详解】句意：爸爸有时和我们一起去超市，尽管他讨厌去购物。 考查连词辨析。because因为；unless除非；until直到； though尽管。根据“Dad sometimes goes to the supermarket with us…he hates going shopping.”可知，空前和空后为让步关系，应用though表达“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。故选D。 51．You won’t be allowed into the concert ________ you show your ticket at the entrance. A．if B．unless C．though D．since 【答案】B 【详解】句意：除非你在入口处出示票，否则你不被允许进入参加音乐会。 考查连词辨析。if如果；unless除非；though虽然；since自从。根据“You won’t be allowed into the concert…you show your ticket at the entrance.”可知，前后句是条件关系，后面表示否定条件，此处指除非出示票，否则不能进入音乐会。故选B。 52．Adele says she won’t go on a diet _________ it’s for health reasons. A．since B．until C．unless D．because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：阿黛尔说，除非是出于健康原因，否则她不会节食。 考查连词辨析。since自从，引导时间状语从句；until直到；unless除非，引导条件状语从句，相当于“if…not”；because因为，引导原因状语从句。分析句子关系可知，“it’s for health reasons”是“Adele says she won’t go on a diet”的否定条件，因此用“unless”。故选C。 53．Jan won’t take part in our class activities voluntarily ______ she is asked to. A．if B．because C．unless D．since 【答案】C 【详解】句意：简不会自愿参加我们的班级活动，除非她被要求参加。 考查连词辨析。if如果，引导条件状语从句，表假设；because因为，引导原因状语从句，表因果关系；unless除非，如引导条件状语从句，表否定的条件；since自从，引导时间状语从句/因为、既然，引导原因状语从句。由句意可知，“除非她被要求参加”这种否定的条件下，“简才会参加班级活动” ，使用“unless”符合语境。故选C。 54．______ we are now in the old town, why not taste the local food here. A．Though B．Since C．Before D．Unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：既然现在我们在老城区，为什么不尝尝这里的当地食物。 考查状语从句。Though虽然，尽管；Since既然，由于；Before在……之前；Unless如果不。根据句意可知，前半句表示我们来了，后半句表示我们要试一试，前后是因果关系。故选B。 55．We can’t judge if the information from AI is right ________ we have a clear mind. A．after B．because C．unless D．since 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们无法判断人工智能提供的信息是否正确，除非我们有一个清醒的头脑。 考查连词。after在……之后；because因为；unless除非；since自从。unless 表示“除非”，引导条件状语从句，只有具备清晰头脑，才能判断信息是否正确，符合句意逻辑。故选C。 56．Sam is still hard-working ________ he has achieved great success. A．if B．since C．until D．though 【答案】D 【详解】句意：尽管山姆已经取得了巨大的成功，但他仍然很努力。 考查连词辨析。if如果，引导条件状语从句；since自从，引导时间状语从句，也可表示“因为”，引导原因状语从句；until直到，引导时间状语从句；though尽管，引导让步状语从句。根据“Sam is still hard - working”和“he has achieved great success”可知，前后句是让步关系，即尽管取得了成功，但仍努力工作，所以用though。故选D。 57．Your mother has just fallen asleep. Don’t wake her up ________ it’s really necessary. A．because B．unless C．if D．though 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你的妈妈刚刚睡着。除非真的有必要，否则不要叫醒她。 考查连词辨析。because因为；unless除非；if如果；though尽管。根据“Don’t wake her up...it’s really necessary.”可知，“不要叫醒她”和“除非在必要情况下”是条件关系（只有在特定条件下才允许做某事），unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句，符合句意，故选B。 58．________ Shanghai is known as “the shopping paradise”, I love it for its food. A．Although B．As long as C．Since D．Unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：虽然上海被称为“购物天堂”，但我爱它是因为美食。 考查让步状语从句。Although虽然；As long as只要；Since自从；Unless除非。根据“I love it for its food.”可知，“上海被称为购物天堂”与“爱它是因为美食”是转折关系，需要填入一个表示转折的连词引导让步状语从句。故选A。 59．________ the movie received great reviews, I didn’t enjoy it as much as I expected. A．Although B．As C．If D．Unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：尽管这部电影获得了很高的评价，但我并没有像预期那样喜欢它。 考查连词辨析。although尽管；as因为、随着；if如果；unless除非。根据“... the movie received great reviews, I didn’t enjoy it”可知，前后句为转折关系，表示“尽管好评多，但个人不喜欢”，需用Although引导让步状语从句。故选A。 60．Please wear glasses when doing the experiment, ________ your eyes may get hurt. A．since B．although C．because D．unless 【答案】C 【详解】句意：做实验时请戴上眼镜，因为可能会伤到眼睛。 考查连词辨析。since自从；although虽然；because因为；unless除非。根据“Please wear glasses when doing the experiment, …your eyes may get hurt.”可知，后句是前句的原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。 复习提升 二、选词填空 将下列单词填入空格。每空限填一词，每词只能填一次。 A．various   B．aware   C． further   D．alone   E. independent In school, the learning environment and the people around us are of great importance. We should also learn to be 1 and take responsibility for our own actions. By doing so, we can 2 develop our skills and become more successful in our studies. We may feel 3 or lost with the heavy stress. But we shouldn’t let these feelings stop us from achieving our goals. Instead, we can ask our teachers or classmates for help and work together to face challenges. School life is full of chances for growth and learning. By being 4 of the importance of things around us, we can make the most of our time in school and prepare ourselves for a bright future. A．respect   B．review   C． process   D．enemy   E. recognize Traditional skills like paper cutting and fishing with birds have been passed down so far. It is important to protect these skills. The 5 of learning traditional skills requires patience. We also need to show 6 for the masters who have perfected them. It is also necessary to 7 the history of these skills to better understand their value. However, we must be calm and not to view modern technology as one 8 of traditional skills. Instead, we should work hard to find a balance between the old and the new, and use technology to enhance our understanding and appreciation of these skills. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D 【导语】本文主要讲了学习传统技艺的过程需要耐心，我们应尊重技艺大师，回顾技艺历史以理解其价值，且不能将现代技术视为传统技艺的敌人，而要在新旧之间寻求平衡。 1．句意：我们也应该学会独立，并为自己的行为负责。根据“take responsibility for our own actions”可知，这里是说要学会独立。选项E“独立的”符合语境。故选E。 2．句意：通过这样做，我们可以进一步发展我们的技能，并在学习上变得更加成功。根据“By doing so, we can...develop our skills and become more successful in our studies”可知，此处表示在学会独立并为自己行为负责的基础上，进一步发展技能，选项C“进一步”符合语境。故选C。 3．句意：在沉重的压力下，我们可能会感到孤独或迷茫。根据“or lost”以及“with the heavy stress”可知，这里应填一个与情绪有关的词。选项D“独自的，孤独的”符合语境，描述在压力下的一种情绪状态。故选D。 4．句意：通过意识到我们周围事物的重要性，我们可以充分利用我们在学校的时间，并为光明的未来做好准备。根据“By being...of the importance of things around us, we can make the most of our time in school and prepare ourselves for a bright future.”可知，应是意识到我们周围事物的重要性，be aware of...“意识到……”。故选B。 5．句意：学习传统技艺的过程需要耐心。根据“requires patience”可知，这里说的是学习传统技艺的整个过程。选项C“过程”符合语境。故选C。 6．句意：我们也需要对精通这些技艺的大师表示尊重。根据“the masters who have perfected them”可知，对于这些大师应该表示尊重。选项A“尊重”符合语境，show respect for...“对……表示尊重”。故选A。 7．句意：为了更好地理解这些技艺的价值，回顾这些技艺的历史也是必要的。根据“the history of these skills”以及“to better understand their value”可知，这里是说要回顾历史来了解价值。选项B“回顾，复习”，符合语境。故选B。 8．句意：然而，我们必须冷静，不要把现代技术视为传统技艺的敌人。根据“not to view... as”以及“Instead, we should work hard to find a balance between the old and the new”可知，这里是说不要把现代技术当作传统技艺的对立面，即敌人。选项D“敌人”符合语境。故选D。 A．special    B．create    C．spare    D．pointed out    E．picked out Max reads more than anyone he knows. He loves to read during all of his 1 time. His friends laugh at him because he would rather read than play video games. One day, Max was reading a magazine article about volcanoes (火山) and told his friends all about them. The very next week, his class was given a 2 project about volcanoes. Guess who everyone wanted in their project group? Max’s friends weren’t laughing at him anymore. Max 3 Liz, Anna and Josh as the members of the group. The project was to 4 a poster board with information about volcanoes and to build a volcano model. A．carefully    B．pleased    C．decisions    D．proud    E．copies Max made 5 of the magazine article about volcanoes so his project partners could read about them, too. They also went to the library to look for more information about volcanoes. The group met at Anna’s house that night to organize the information and decide what they wanted to put on the poster board. They all asked Max what he thought was most important. Then they made 6 . The next night, they met at Josh’s house to build their volcano. First, they made a volcano shape with the cardboard. Then they 7 covered the shape in brown and red clay. The volcano looked perfect. Max, Liz, Anna and Josh were very 8 of their work. When they turned in their project, their teacher smiled and praised them. Thanks to Max’s good habit, they got an A+ on both parts of the project. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．E 4．B 5．E 6．C 7．A 8．D 【导语】本文主要讲述热爱阅读的麦克斯常被朋友嘲笑，但在班级布置关于火山的项目作业时，他凭借阅读积累的知识受到同学认可。 1．句意：他喜欢在所有的空闲时间读书。“spare time”是固定搭配，意为“空闲时间”，这里表示他喜欢在空闲时间阅读。故选C。 2．句意：就在接下来的一周，他的班级被布置了一个关于火山的特别项目。这里需要一个形容词修饰“project，备选词“special”是形容词，意为“特别的”，“a special project”表示“一个特别的项目”，符合语境。故选A。 3．句意：麦克斯挑选了利兹、安娜和乔希作为小组成员。根据“...as the members of the group”可知，这里表示麦克斯挑选小组成员，备选词“picked out”是“pick out”的过去式，意为“挑选”，符合语境。故选E。 4．句意：这个项目是要制作一块展示有关火山信息的展板，并搭建一个火山模型。根据语境和句法结构可知，这里需要一个动词，“create”意为“创造；制作”，“create a poster board”表示“制作一块展板”，符合项目任务要求。故选B。 5．句意：麦克斯复印了那篇关于火山的杂志文章，这样他的项目伙伴们也能读到。根据“so his project partners could read about them, too”可知，此处应为麦克斯复印杂志文章给伙伴们看，“make copies of...”是固定表达，意为“复印……”，符合语境。故选E。 6．句意：然后他们做出了决定。根据“...decide what they wanted to put on the poster board”可知，他们最终决定了展板内容，“make decisions”是固定搭配，意为“做决定”，符合语境。故选C。 7．句意：然后他们小心地用棕色和红色的黏土覆盖这个形状。设空处需要一个副词修饰动词“covered”，备选词“carefully”是副词，意为“小心地；仔细地”，表示小心地用黏土覆盖。故选A。 8．句意：麦克斯、利兹、安娜和乔希为他们的作品感到非常自豪。“be proud of...”是固定搭配，意为“为……感到自豪”，这里表示他们为自己的作品感到自豪。故选D。 A．achievements    B．graduations    C． Probably    D．Similarly    E. spirits Most Americans take great pleasure in sending and receiving cards for every occasion. Cards are exchanged not only during holidays but also for significant events such as birthdays, holidays, and 1 . If someone is going on a journey, a “Bon Voyage” card is often sent to wish them a safe and pleasant trip. 2 , when a person moves into a new home, they might receive a “Moving” card immediately. Cards serve as a heartfelt means of expressing thankfulness, celebrating 3 , or even offering apologies. For instance, when someone falls ill, a “Get Well” card is sent to uplift their 4 . Additionally, a “Good Luck” card is a thoughtful way to celebrate a new job or career opportunity, strengthening the bond of friendship and support during important life transitions. A．cherished   B．expected    C． recorded    D．replaced    E. treasured The most popular and widely 5 cards are Holiday cards. When people receive them, they often display them on the fireplace in their homes. These cards are the most 6 , as they are typically sent just once a year by close friends and relatives, making them particularly special. Birthday cards, on the other hand, are often displayed on a shelf, where they are easily seen and read by everyone. Special cards, especially those received on important occasions, are kept for many years. They become 7 memories, much like old photographs. In many ways, cards have gradually 8 traditional letters. If there’s little time to write a letter, a simple card can express the same thoughtfulness, offering a quick and personal message. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．B 6．A 7．E 8．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了卡片在美国的使用情况。 1．句意：卡片不仅在节日期间交换，还在生日、假期和毕业典礼等重要事件中也交换。根据“such as birthdays, holidays, and …”可知，此处需要填入与“birthdays, holidays”并列的庆祝类事件。graduations表示“毕业典礼”。故选B。 2．句意：同样，当一个人搬入新家时，可能会立即收到一张“搬家”卡片。根据前文“If someone is going on a journey, a ‘Bon Voyage’ card is often sent to wish them a safe and pleasant trip.”提到旅行送卡片可知，此处是另一类似场景，需要表示“同样地”的衔接词。故选D。 3．句意：卡片是表达感谢、庆祝成就或者甚至道歉的衷心的方式。根据“expressing thankfulness, celebrating …, or even offering apologies”可知，此处需填入与“thankfulness”“apologies”并列的积极名词。achievements表示“成就”。故选A。 4．句意：例如，当有人生病时，会送一张“早日康复”的卡片来振奋他们的精神。“Get Well”卡片旨在鼓励病人，需填入与情绪相关的词。spirits表示“精神”。故选E。 5．句意：最受欢迎和最受期待的卡片是节日卡片。根据“When people receive them, they often display them on the fireplace in their homes.”可知，人们收到卡片会将它们摆放在壁炉上。此处需填入与“popular”并列的词，表示“最受期待的”。故选B。 6．句意：这些卡片最珍贵的，因为它们通常只由亲密的朋友和亲戚每年发送一次，所以显得特别特殊。根据“as they are typically sent just once a year by close friends and relatives, making them particularly special.”可知，因为是由亲密的亲友送的，因此非常珍贵。cherished表示“珍贵的”。故选A。 7．句意：它们变成了珍贵的回忆，就像旧照片一样。根据“much like old photographs”可知，此处需填入一个形容词修饰“memories”。treasured表示“珍贵的”。故选E。 8．句意：在很多方面，卡片已经逐渐取代了传统信件。根据“If there’s little time to write a letter, a simple card can express the same thoughtfulness, offering a quick and personal message.”可知，没时间写信时可以用卡片，说明卡片取代了信件。replaced表示“取代”。故选D。 A．enemy     B．recognize     C． respect    D．review     E. process Traditional skills like paper cutting and fishing with birds have been passed down so far. It is important to protect these skills. The 1 of learning traditional skills requires patience. We also need to show 2 for the masters who have perfected them It is also necessary to 3 the history of these skills to better understand their value. However, we must be calm and not to view modern technology as one 4 of traditional skills. Instead, we should work hard to find a balance between the old and the new, and use technology to enhance our understanding and appreciation of these skills. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文围绕传统技艺展开，指出保护传统技艺很重要，阐述学习传统技艺的过程需耐心，要尊重技艺大师、回顾其历史以理解价值，还强调不能视现代技术为传统技艺的敌人，应平衡新旧、借技术增进对传统技艺的理解与欣赏。 1．句意：学习传统技艺的过程需要耐心。根据“of learning traditional skills requires patience”可知，此处说的是学习传统技艺的“过程”，备选词process“过程；进程 ”符合语境，故填E。 2．句意：我们也需要对完善了这些技艺的大师们表示尊重。根据“show...for the masters who have perfected them”可知，此处是说要对大师们展现“尊重” ，备选词respect“尊重；敬重 ”符合语境，故填C。 3．句意：回顾这些技艺的历史以更好地理解它们的价值也是有必要的。根据“the history of these skills to better understand their value”可知，要理解价值需要去“回顾、审视”历史，备选词review“回顾；复习”符合语境，故填D。 4．句意：然而，我们必须保持冷静，不要把现代技术视为传统技艺的敌人。根据“not to view modern technology as one...of traditional skills”以及后文说要找平衡可知，这里是说别把现代技术当成传统技艺的“敌人”，备选词enemy“敌人；反对者”符合语境，故填A。 Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once (选择最恰当的选项填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词填一次) A．imagine    B．eventually    C． latest    D．engine     E. connected The Instant Auto-Translator, or the IAT, will be in shops in the next week or so. It is the 1 product from Pineapple Intelligence. The IAT is an incredible piece of technology that will change the world we live in. The idea is very simple. The IAT takes what you say and instantly translates it into another language. At the moment, the IAT has 15 languages to choose from, but 2 it will be able to translate into any living language. Just 3 you are a Spanish-speaker talking to a Swedish before you say it. It is 4 directly to your brain so it doesn’t need to hear what you are saying. You don’t need to speak—it translates what you are thinking. The Swedish-speaker will hear everything in Swedish. If they also have an IAT, they can talk back to you in Spanish. A．conversation    B．useful    C． expensive    D．apart from    E. partly How does it work? The IAT links with your brain using Wi-Fi. All you need to do is to have a small Wi-Fi chip put into your brain. Lots of people already have one—they are quite common these days and are not very 5 .Does it work well? Here at the New Tech Magazine, we have tried the IAT and it works quite well. We found there were a few translation problems, but not too many. We tried translating from Japanese into English first. It used the word chicken instead of kitchen. But 6 that, it worked well. Then we tried translating from French into Greek and found that it didn’t have Greek as a language choice yet.Is it easy to use? It takes some time to get used to using it. When two people are having a 7 using IATs, it is quite strange at first. You have to think what you want to say, which is quite different when compared to just saying exactly what it is that you want to say.Should I buy it? If you travel a lot, you will find it very 8 . But we think you should wait until it has more language before you buy one. With its current price set at $599, it’s a good idea to see if it will become cheaper over time. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．E 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．B 【导语】本文讲述了Pineapple Intelligence公司即将推出的新产品——即时自动翻译器的功能、工作原理、使用体验以及购买建议。 1．句意：它是Pineapple Intelligence的最新产品。根据“The Instant Auto-Translator, or the IAT, will be in shops in the next week or so.”可知，IAT是Pineapple Intelligence的最新产品。latest“最新的”符合语境。故选C。 2．句意：目前，IAT有15种语言可供选择，但最终它将能够翻译成任何现存的语言。根据“At the moment, the IAT has 15 languages to choose from, but...it will be able to translate into any living language.”结合备选词可知，这里表示它最终会支持更多语言。eventually“最终”，符合语境。故选B。 3．句意：在你开口之前，想象一下你是一个说西班牙语的人和一个瑞典人交谈。根据“Just...you are a Spanish-speaker talking to a Swedish before you say it.”结合备选词可知，这里表示想象这个场景。imagine“想象”，符合语境。故选A。 4．句意：它直接连接到你的大脑，因此不需要听到你说的话。根据“It is...directly to your brain so it doesn’t need to hear what you are saying.”结合备选词可知，这里表示IAT直接连接到大脑。connected“连接的”，符合语境。故选E。 5． 句意：很多人已经有了——现在很常见，而且不太贵。根据“they are quite common these days”结合备选词可知，这里表示Wi-Fi芯片不贵。expensive“昂贵的”，符合语境。故选C。 6． 句意：但除此之外，它运行得很好。根据“We found there were a few translation problems, but not too many…But...that, it worked well.”结合备选词可知，这里表示除了这个小错误之外，其他都很好。apart from“除了”，符合语境。故选D。 7．句意：当两个人使用IAT进行对话时，起初会觉得很奇怪。根据“When two people are having a...using IATs, it is quite strange at first.”结合备选词可知，这里指的是使用IAT进行对话时。conversation“对话”，符合语境。故选A。 8．句意：如果你经常旅行，你会发现它非常有用。根据“If you travel a lot, you will find it very...”结合备选词可知，这里表示IAT有用。useful“有用的”，符合语境。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$