第05讲 Unit 3 同步语法：动词不定式-【暑假自学课】2025年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义（沪教版五四制2024）

第05讲 Unit 3同步语法：动词不定式 （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练考点 强知识：5大核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 动词不定式 1.1.动词不定式的形式:基本形式为“to+动词原形”，否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。 例 It's important not to be late for class.上课不迟到是非常重要的。 1.2.动词不定式的功能 （1)动词不定式作状语。作状语时，一般在句中作目的状语、结果状语和原因状语。 例We need more money to improve transport in London.我们需要更多的钱来改善伦敦的交通状况。 （2)动词不定式作主语。常用it作形式主语，真正作主语的不定式后置。常用句型为“It is+adj.+(of/for sb.) to do sth.”。 例It's not easy to find your way around the town.在这个小镇上要找到路很不容易。 （3)动词不定式作宾语。常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有： would like/want to 想要 agree to同意 afford to 负担得起 hope/wish to 希望 decide to决定 promise to 承诺 continue to 继续 expect to 期望 refuse to 拒绝 （4)动词不定式作宾语补足语。常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词： tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事 warn sb.to do sth.警告某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事 advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事 （5)动词不定式作定语。作定语时常放在修饰词后，作后置定语。 例I can't think of any good advice to give her.我想不出任何好的建议给她。 （6)动词不定式作表语。常放于be动词后。 例My job is to look after the baby.我的工作是照顾这个婴儿。 1.3.“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构 动词不定式可以与疑问代词who,whom,what,which,whose 及疑问副词when,where,how等连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。 I didn't know how to get back to the village.我不知道怎样回到村子。 1.4.常见省略to的动词不定式结构 had better do sth.最好做某事 would rather do sth.宁愿做某事 cannot but do sth.只好做某事 Why(not)do sth.?为什么（不）做某事？ 题型一：动词不定式的结构 1．The scientists are trying to find out what makes the atoms in the molecule _______ apart. A．break B．breaking C．to break D．broken 【答案】A 【详解】句意：科学家们正试图找出是什么使分子中的原子分裂。 考查非谓语动词。make…do sth.“使……做某事”，是固定搭配，A项符合。故选A。 2．Can you tell me ________ next? A．how to do B．what to do C．how do it D．what to do it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能告诉我接下来做什么吗？ 考查疑问副词和非谓语动词。how to do怎样做，do后缺少宾语；what to do做什么；how do it搭配错误；what to do it搭配错误。根据“Can you tell me...next?”可知，此处表示你能告诉我接下来做什么吗。故选B。 3．People today aren’t afraid ________ the Internet to do things like shopping and paying their bills. A．uses B．use C．using D．to use 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如今人们不害怕使用互联网来做诸如购物和支付账单之类的事情。 考查非谓语动词。根据“aren’t afraid”可知，这里考查“be afraid to do sth.”结构，意为“害怕做某事”。故选D。 4．Happy Camp is very popular. It often makes people ________. A．laugh B．laughing C．to laugh D．laughed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“快乐大本营”很受欢迎。它经常使人大笑。 考查非谓语动词。根据“It often makes people ...”可知，该句包含句型make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”，填入省略to的动词不定式。故选A。 5．—Have you decided ________, lady?    —Sorry, I haven’t. A．to buy which one B．buy which one C．which to buy one D．which one to buy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——女士，您决定好买哪一个了吗？——抱歉，我还没有。 考查疑问词 + 动词不定式结构。根据“Have you decided”可知，这里需要“疑问词 + 动词不定式”作宾语，which one为疑问词组，表示“哪一个”。故选D。 6．—I want to know ______ tomorrow. —At the school gate. A．where will meet B．where to meet C．where we to meet D．where meeting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想知道明天在哪里见面。——在学校门口。   考查“疑问词 + 不定式”结构。分析句子可知，空处作动词know的宾语。“疑问词 + 不定式”结构可以作宾语，其中where是疑问词，to meet是不定式，where to meet 表示“在哪里见面”，符合语法和语境。故选B。 7．—Excuse me, can you tell me how to ________ the stress from the exams? —Of course. You can talk to your parents or teachers. A．reduce B．reducing C．to reduce D．reduced 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我如何减轻考试压力吗？——当然可以。你可以和你的父母或老师谈心。 考查非谓语动词用法。reduce减少，动词原形；reducing减少，动名词；to reduce减少，动词不定式；reduced减少，动词过去式。“how to do sth”是固定短语，表示“如何做某事”。其中“to”是动词不定式符号，后面接动词原形。故选A。 8．There are so many beautiful scarves, I don’t know _________ . A．how to buy B．what to buy C．to choose whiech one D．which one to buy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：有那么多漂亮的围巾，我不知道买哪一条。 考查宾语从句。how to buy如何购买；what to buy买什么；to choose which one选择哪一个；which one to buy买哪一个。根据“There are so many beautiful scarves…”，可知，此处询问的是，不知道自己该买哪一个。应该用“which one to buy” 表示哪一个，多条围巾中选一条。故选D。 9．The sick boy needs _________ at once. A．to be operated B．to operate C．to operate on D．to be operated on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个生病的孩子需要立刻做手术。 考查非谓语动词及被动语态。句中谓语动词为needs，句子主语是sick boy，此处用sb need to do done“某人需要做某事”的结构，指的是“小男孩需要做手术”，故选D。 10．To the parents of these children, the most important thing is ________ make much money but ________ together. A．to not; to get B．not to; getting C．not; to get D．not to; to get 【答案】D 【详解】句意：对这些孩子的父母来说，最重要的不是赚很多钱，而是在一起。 考查非谓语动词。根据“To the parents of these children, the most important thing is...make much money but...together.”可知，此处是not to do...but to do结构，意为“不是做……而是做……”。故选D。 题型二：动词不定式作目的状语 11．Many teenagers are having poor eyesight now, so parents should take action ________ the problem from getting worse. A．to stop B．stopping C．stopped D．stop 【答案】A 【详解】 句意：现在许多青少年视力不好，所以父母应该采取行动阻止问题变得更糟。    考查非谓语动词。根据“so parents should take action…the problem from getting worse.”可知，“采取行动”的目的是“阻止问题变糟”，因此此处需用不定式作目的状语。故选A。 12．We must work hard ______ a better life. A．live B．living C．to living D．to live 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们必须努力工作来过上更好的生活。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，这里已有谓语动词work，所以空处需填入非谓语动词形式。“努力工作”的目的是“过上更好的生活”，动词不定式可作目的状语，其结构为“to + 动词原形”。故选D。 13．________ water, turn off the tap after washing your hands. A．Save B．Saving C．Saved D．To save 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了节约用水，洗完你的手后关掉水龙头。 考查非谓语动词。Save节约，动词原形；Saving节约，现在分词/动名词形式；Saved节约，过去式/过去分词；To save为了节约，动词不定式。分析句子可知，“turn off the tap after washing your hands”的目的是“节约用水”，故此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选D。 14．He usually uses his thinking skills ________ the truth. A．find B．to find C．finding D．found 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他通常运用他的思维能力去发现真相。 考查非谓语动词。根据“uses his thinking skills ... the truth”可知，使用思维能力是为了发现真相，用不定式作目的状语。故选B。 15．—Why do they hold the activity? —The purpose (目的) is to ______ for a charity. A．donate money B．raising money C．donating money D．raise money 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——他们为什么要举办活动？——目的是为一个慈善机构筹款。 考查动词短语和非谓语动词。donate money捐款；raise money筹款。根据“The purpose (目的) is to...for a charity.”可知，此处指的是为慈善机构筹款，to后面应使用动词原形，构成不定式结构。故选D。 题型三：动词不定式作宾语 16．After finishing her homework, Lisa went on ________ some extra math practice, but she delayed ________ her room until the weekend. A．doing; to clean B．doing; cleaning C．to do; cleaning D．to do; to clean 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在完成她的家庭作业之后，丽莎继续做额外的数学练习，但是她把打扫她的房间推迟到了周末。 考查非谓语动词。 第一空，丽莎完成作业后继续做的是额外的数学练习，这里可以理解为继续做另一件事，所以用 go on to do sth. 的结构，即“to do”；第二空，delay后面接动词时要用动名词形式，即“cleaning”，delay doing sth. 表示推迟做某事，所以是“cleaning”。故选C。 17．His father can’t afford ________ such a big house with a swimming pool. A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他爸爸买不起这么大的带游泳池的房子。 考查非谓语动词。afford to do sth.“负担得起做某事”，是固定搭配。故选C。 18．Please keep your bank card safe and remember ________ the passwords with anyone. A．share B．to share C．sharing D．not to share 【答案】D 【详解】句意：请保管好银行卡，并记住不要与任何人分享密码。 考查非谓语动词。remember to do记得要做某事；remember doing记住做过某事；remember not to do记住不要做某事。根据“Please keep your bank card safe”可知，要保管好银行卡，故应是记住不要把密码与任何人分享。故选D。 19．Don’t forget ________ off the fans when you leave. A．turn B．turning C．to turn D．to turning 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当你离开时，别忘记关电扇。 考查非谓语动词。forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事；forget doing sth.忘记做过某事。根据“Don’t forget...off the fans when you leave.”可知，这里指离开时别忘记关电扇，动作还未做，应用动词不定式作宾语，故选C。 20．The students plan ______ a first-aid workshop next term. A．hold B．holds C．to hold D．holding 【答案】C 【详解】句意：学生们计划在下个学期举办一个急救工作坊。 考查动词的非谓语形式。hold举行，动词原形；holds举行，动词的单三形式；to hold举行，动词不定式；holding举行，现在分词。根据题意可知，plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，固定短语。故选C。 题型四：动词不定式作宾语补足语 21．My teacher asked us ________ loudly in the classroom. A．not talk B．not to talk C．talk not D．to not talk 【答案】B 【详解】句意：老师叫我们不要在教室里大声说话。 考查非谓语动词。ask sb (not) to do sth“叫某人（不要）做某事”，故选B。 22．My parents don’t allow me ________ out with my friends on school nights. A．go B．going C．to go D．went 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的父母不允许我在上学日的晚上和朋友们出去。 考查动词不定式。短语allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，其否定形式为“don’t allow sb. to do sth.”，此处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。 23．—I tried to make Alice ______ her mind but I found it difficult. —Well, I saw you ______ that when I went past. A．change; do B．to change; doing C．to change; to do D．change; doing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我试图使Alice改变主意，但我觉得很难。——当我走过的时候，我看见你在做那件事。 考查动词形式辨析。change改变，动词原形；to change为了改变，动词不定式；do做，动词原形；doing做，现在分词。第一空：根据“I tried to make Alice...her mind but I found it difficult.”可知，此处考查固定搭配：make sb. do sth.让/使某人做某事，用不带to的动词不定式作宾补；第二空：根据“I saw you...that when I went past.”可知，此处强调我经过的时候看见你正在做Alice的思想工作。see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事，固定结构。故选D。 24．VR technology enables people ________ the game better. A．to enjoy B．enjoy C．enjoying D．enjoyed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：虚拟现实技术能让人们更好地享受游戏。 考查非谓语动词。enable sb. to do sth.表示“使某人能够做某事”，故此处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。 25．Mobile phones can be used to ________ for information, but I’m not used to ________ information on such a small screen. A．search; reading B．searching; reading C．search; read D．searching; read 【答案】A 【详解】句意：手机可以用来搜索信息，但我不习惯在这么小的屏幕上阅读信息。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Mobile phones can be used to...for information,”可知，be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”，search for意为 “搜索”，所以第一空应用原形search；根据“but I’m not used to...information on such a small screen.”可知，be used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”，此处表示不习惯在这么小的屏幕上阅读信息，第二空应用reading。故选A。 题型五：动词不定式作主/表/定语等 26．Since both of Judy’s parents are doctors, her ambition is _______ medicine. A．study B．to study C．to studying D．studied 【答案】B 【详解】句意：因为朱迪的父母都是医生，所以她的抱负是去学习医学。 考查非谓语动词。ambition后面应接动词不定式做表语，表示“抱负是去做某事”。故选B。 27．My dream is________ a great architect like leoh Ming Pei. A．being B．to being C．be D．to be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的梦想是成为像贝聿铭那样伟大的建筑师。 考查动词不定式。句中“is”后接表语，表语动词应用不定式to be，表示“成为”。故选D。 28．In the past, it usually took a week ________ a letter. A．delivering B．deliver C．to deliver D．delivered 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在过去，寄一封信通常需要一周的时间。 考查非谓语。It takes + 时间 + to do sth是固定句型，表示“做某事需要花费多少时间”。故选C。 29．As the school sports meeting is coming, it’s important for us ______ sports more often. A．practise doing B．to practise doing C．to practise to do D．practising doing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：随着学校运动会的临近，对我们来说更经常地练习做运动是很重要的。   考查非谓语动词。“It is + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。短语practise doing sth.“练习做某事”，其后要接动名词形式，故选B。 30．The Mid-Autumn Festival is a good time for Chinese families ________ together. A．getting B．got C．to getting D．to get 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中秋节对中国家庭来说是团聚的好时候。 考查非谓语动词。根据“a good time…to get together”可知，此处用不定式作后置定语修饰time，表示“做某事的时间”。故选D。 知识导图记忆 31．My parents often tell me ______ late for school. A．don’t be B．not be C．not to be D．to not be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我父母经常告诉我上学不要迟到。 考查非谓语动词用法。tell sb. not to do sth.表示“告诉某人不要做某事”，固定搭配。故选C。 32．There is something wrong with his computer. He plans to ________ it this afternoon. A．use B．repair C．delete D．notice 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他的电脑出问题了。他计划今天下午修理它。 考查动词辨析。use使用；repair修理；delete删除；notice注意。根据前文“There is something wrong with his computer.”可知，他的电脑出问题了，所以需要“修理”电脑，“repair”意为“修理；修复”。故选B。 33．Lucy had few close friends at school, so she didn’t know ________ about the trouble. A．what to speak B．who to say C．what to talk D．who to talk to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：露西几乎没有亲密的朋友。因此她不知道跟谁谈论她的烦恼。 考查疑问词+动词不定式的用法。what to speak说什么；who to say对谁说；what to talk谈论什么；who to talk to和谁交谈。根据“Lucy had few close friends”可知，这里是指不知道该和谁谈论这个问题，特殊疑问词应用who；此处是talk to sb. about sth.结构，talk后面的介词to不能省略，故选D。 34．Since it rained heavily, they had no choice but ________ the outdoor event. A．cancel B．to cancel C．cancelling D．to cancelling 【答案】B 【详解】句意：由于雨下得很大，他们别无选择，只能取消户外活动。 考查非谓语动词。have no choice but to do sth.“别无选择只能做某事”，是固定搭配。故选B。 35．Do you intend ________ in China for long, Tony? A．to stay B．stay C．stayed D．staying 【答案】A 【详解】句意：托尼，你打算在中国待很长时间吗？ 考查非谓语动词。根据“Do you intend...in China for long, Tony?”可知，句中“intend”意为“打算、想要”，其后常接动词不定式作宾语，构成“intend to do sth.”结构，表示“打算做某事”。故选A。 36．Betty decides ________ a Chinese course because she is crazy about Chinese culture. A．take B．took C．taking D．to take 【答案】D 【详解】句意：贝蒂决定上一门中文课，因为她对中国文化很着迷。 考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，是固定搭配，D项符合。故选D。 37．—You can hardly imagine how hard Tom practised ______ the P.E. exam. —Oh, I see him running alone in the playground every day. A．pass B．passing C．to pass D．passed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你几乎无法想象汤姆为了通过体育考试练习得多么刻苦。——哦，我每天都看到他在操场上独自跑步。   考查非谓语动词用法。根据句意，practised是为了“pass the P.E. exam”，需用不定式作目的状语，故选C。 38．It is important ________ our traditional culture through various activities. A．protect B．protecting C．to protect D．protected 【答案】C 【详解】句意：通过各种活动保护我们的传统文化是很重要的。 考查非谓语动词。It is + adj. + to do sth. 是固定句型，表示做某事是……的。故用to protect。故选C。 39．He is too old ________the box. A．to carry B．carrying C．carry D．carries 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他年龄太大了而不能搬动箱子。 考查不定式。to carry动词不定式；carrying动名词；carry搬动，动词原形；carries动词三单形式。too...to...表示“太……而不能”。故选A。 40．We found it very interesting ________ English. A．learning B．to learn C．learn D．learns 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们发现学习英语很有趣。 考查非谓语动词。根据“We found it very interesting...English.”可知，此处为“find it+adj.+to do”结构，意为“发现做某事是怎么样的”，it作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正宾语。故选B。 41．When the number of visitors in Nanjing Museum becomes larger at weekends, the Volunteer Club is willing to do something ________ everything in order. A．to keep B．kept C．keeping D．to keeping 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当周末南京博物院的参观人数增多时，志愿者俱乐部愿意采取行动以确保一切秩序井然。 考查非谓语动词。“...everything in order”是“do something”的目的，所以此处选填动词不定式形式作目的状语。故选A。 42．Mom prefers ________ at home rather than go out for a walk on rainy days. A．rest B．to rest C．resting D．rested 【答案】B 【详解】句意：妈妈更喜欢在雨天待在家里休息，而不是出去散步。 考查非谓语动词。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.“更喜欢做某事而不是做其他事”为固定用法。故空处需动词不定式。故选B。 43．Mike offered ______ Mary to carry her suitcase, but Mary said she could manage it herself. A．to help B．help C．helping D．helped 【答案】A 【详解】句意：迈克主动提出帮玛丽提行李箱，但玛丽说她自己能拿。 考查非谓语动词。offer to do something“提出做某事”，空处填动词不定式作宾语。故选A。 44．My mother often reminds me ________ my phone when doing homework. A．not to check B．not check C．don’t check D．didn’t check 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我妈妈经常提醒我做作业时不要查看手机。 考查非谓语动词。remind sb not to do sth“提醒某人不要做某事”，空处填动词不定式的否定形式。check的不定式否定形式为not to check。故选A。 45．People are cutting down trees for wood ________ space for farming. A．make B．makes C．made D．to make 【答案】D 【详解】句意：人们正在为了木材砍伐树木，为农业腾出空间。 考查非谓语动词。根据“People are cutting down trees for wood…space for farming”的语境可知，此处表示目的，用不定式结构，D项符合。故选D。 46．_______ online scams, police, banks and tech businesses need to work together more. A．Fight B．Fighting C．To fight D．Fought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了打击网络诈骗行为，警方、银行和科技企业需要加强合作。 考查非谓语动词。根据“police, banks and tech businesses need to work together more.”可知，警方、银行和科技企业需要加强合作的目的是为了打击网络诈骗行为，故此处用动词不定式表目的。故选C。 47．I really hope ________a good high school to get further education. A．enter B．entered C．entering D．to enter 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我真的很希望进入一所好的高中接受进一步的教育。 考查非谓语。hope to do sth希望做某事，动词不定式作宾语。故选D。 48．Jack will join a summer camp he’s looking forward to _______ different kinds of abilities, A．develop B．develops C．developing D．to develop 【答案】D 【详解】句意：杰克将参加一个她期待的夏令营以发展各种各样的能力。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，“she’s looking forward to”是后置定语，修饰先行词“a summer camp”，其中“to”是介词；而“发展各种各样的能力”是参加这个夏令营的目的，所以此处应用动词不定式“to develop”作目的状语。故选D。 49．________ healthy, you need to eat vegetables and exercise often. A．Keep B．Kept C．Keeping D．To keep 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，你需要多吃蔬菜并且经常锻炼。 考查非谓语动词作目的状语的用法。 keep保持，动词原形；kept保持，是keep的过去式和过去分词形式；keeping保持，是keep的现在分词形式；to keep保持，是keep的动词不定式形式。根据句子“you need to eat vegetables and exercise often”可知，前面部分需要用动词不定式来表示目的，意为“为了……”。“to keep”可以作目的状语，符合句子语境。故选D。 50．Scientists are trying ________ new energy vehicles that are more efficient and environmentally friendly. A．developing B．to develop C．developed D．develop 【答案】B 【详解】句意：科学家们正在努力开发更高效、更环保的新能源汽车。 考查非谓语动词。try to do sth.表示“努力做某事”；try doing sth.表示“试着做某事”。根据“new energy vehicles”可知此处表示科学家正努力开发更高效、环保的新能源汽车，用结构try to do。故选B。 51．That actor was so funny that he made all people in the hall ________. A．laugh B．laughed C．to laugh D．laughing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那个演员太有趣了，他把大厅里所有的人都逗笑了。 考查非谓语动词。根据“That actor was so funny that he made all people in the hall ….”可知，此处为固定短语make sb do sth表示“使某人做某事”，应用不带to的动词不定式。故选A。 52．The thinking training courses are ________ difficult for us ________ understand. A．so; that B．too; to C．to; to D．such; that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：思维训练课程对我们来说太难理解了。 考查短语辨析。so…that如此……以至于，so后接形容词或副词；too…to太……而不能；to到；such…that如此……以至于，其中such后接名词或名词短语。根据“are…difficult for us…understand.”可知，此处表达“对某人来说太难而不能理解”，too…to符合语境。故选B。 53．—Mum, I’ve got an offer from University of Birmingham! —Really? That’s just __________ to be true. Anyway, congratulations, Sam! A．good enough B．well enough C．too good D．too well 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我收到伯明翰大学的录取通知了！——真的吗？这简直好得让人难以置信。不管怎样，恭喜你，萨姆！ 考查too...to...和形容词。good enough足够好的；well enough相当令人满意的状态；too good太好；too well太好（well作形容词，指身体状态，表“健康的”）。根据“I’ve got an offer from University of Birmingham”和“Really? That’s just...to be true.”可知，此处是指“收到伯明翰大学的录取通知”这件事太好了，因为太好了以至于不像是真的，too...to...“太……以至于……”，因此空处应是too good。故选C。 54．I think it is necessary for college students _________ part in some social activities. A．take B．taking C．to take D．took 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我认为大学生有必要参加一些社交活动。 考查非谓语动词。take动词原形；taking动名词形式；to take动词不定式形式；took过去式。“It is+形容词 +for sb.+to do sth.”是一个常见的固定句型 ，表达“做某事对于某人来说是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式“to do sth.”。在本题中，应用动词不定式“to take...”作真正的主语。故选C。 55．Students are expected ________ Yunnan’s old history and special culture. A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．learned 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学生们被期盼学习云南的古老历史和特殊文化。 考查非谓语动词。learn动词原形；to learn动词不定式；learning现在分词；learned过去式，be expected to do sth“被期盼做某事”，是固定用法。故选B。 56．The World Earth Day is a day that reminds people ________ the earth. A．to protect B．protect C．protected D．protecting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：世界地球日是一个提醒人们保护地球的日子。 考查动词非谓语。remind sb to do sth“提醒某人做某事”，是固定搭配，所以此处用动词不定式，故选A。 57．My mother always asks me ________ the habit of making the bed as soon as I get up. A．develop B．developing C．develops D．to develop 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我妈妈总是让我养成一起床就整理床铺的习惯。 考查非谓语动词。ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”，所以此处选填动词的不定式作宾补。故选D。 58．Mr. Green tried his best ________ his students understand the difficult math problem. A．help B．helped C．to help D．helping 【答案】C 【详解】句意：格林先生尽力帮助他的学生理解这道数学难题。 考查动词不定式。根据“tried his best...”可知，try one’s best to do sth.意为“尽最大努力去做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式to help。故选C。 59．She prefers ________ rather than ________ TV. A．swimming; watching B．to swimming; watching C．to swim; watch D．to swim; watching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她宁愿游泳也不愿看电视。 考查非谓语动词。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，动词短语。故选C。 60．—Can you tell me why Tao Yuanming’s works are popular? —His works allow us ______a close understanding of the nature. A．have B．had C．having D．to have 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我为什么陶渊明的作品受欢迎吗？——他的作品让我们能够深入了解自然。    考查非谓语动词。have动词原形；had过去式/过去分词；having现在分词；to have动词不定式形式。allow sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“允许某人做某事”，强调通过某种条件或方式使某人能够做某事。to have符合语境。故选D。 61．—I think the Water Park is a good place ________ fun. —I agree with you. A．have B．having C．to have D．had 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我认为水上乐园是个玩乐的好地方。——我同意你的看法。 考查不定式。根据“the Water Park is a good place...fun”可知，此处指水上乐园是个玩乐的好地方，用动词不定式“to have fun”作后置定语，修饰名词place。故选C。 62．My parents often tell me ______ late for school. A．don’t be B．not be C．not to be D．to not be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我父母经常告诉我上学不要迟到。 考查非谓语动词用法。tell sb. not to do sth.表示“告诉某人不要做某事”，固定搭配。故选C。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第05讲 Unit 3同步语法：动词不定式 （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练考点 强知识：5大核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 动词不定式 1.1.动词不定式的形式:基本形式为“to+动词原形”，否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。 例 It's important not to be late for class.上课不迟到是非常重要的。 1.2.动词不定式的功能 （1)动词不定式作状语。作状语时，一般在句中作目的状语、结果状语和原因状语。 例We need more money to improve transport in London.我们需要更多的钱来改善伦敦的交通状况。 （2)动词不定式作主语。常用it作形式主语，真正作主语的不定式后置。常用句型为“It is+adj.+(of/for sb.) to do sth.”。 例It's not easy to find your way around the town.在这个小镇上要找到路很不容易。 （3)动词不定式作宾语。常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有： would like/want to 想要 agree to同意 afford to 负担得起 hope/wish to 希望 decide to决定 promise to 承诺 continue to 继续 expect to 期望 refuse to 拒绝 （4)动词不定式作宾语补足语。常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词： tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事 warn sb.to do sth.警告某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事 advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事 （5)动词不定式作定语。作定语时常放在修饰词后，作后置定语。 例I can't think of any good advice to give her.我想不出任何好的建议给她。 （6)动词不定式作表语。常放于be动词后。 例My job is to look after the baby.我的工作是照顾这个婴儿。 1.3.“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构 动词不定式可以与疑问代词who,whom,what,which,whose 及疑问副词when,where,how等连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。 I didn't know how to get back to the village.我不知道怎样回到村子。 1.4.常见省略to的动词不定式结构 had better do sth.最好做某事 would rather do sth.宁愿做某事 cannot but do sth.只好做某事 Why(not)do sth.?为什么（不）做某事？ 题型一：动词不定式的结构 1．The scientists are trying to find out what makes the atoms in the molecule _______ apart. A．break B．breaking C．to break D．broken 2．Can you tell me ________ next? A．how to do B．what to do C．how do it D．what to do it 3．People today aren’t afraid ________ the Internet to do things like shopping and paying their bills. A．uses B．use C．using D．to use 4．Happy Camp is very popular. It often makes people ________. A．laugh B．laughing C．to laugh D．laughed 5．—Have you decided ________, lady?    —Sorry, I haven’t. A．to buy which one B．buy which one C．which to buy one D．which one to buy 6．—I want to know ______ tomorrow. —At the school gate. A．where will meet B．where to meet C．where we to meet D．where meeting 7．—Excuse me, can you tell me how to ________ the stress from the exams? —Of course. You can talk to your parents or teachers. A．reduce B．reducing C．to reduce D．reduced 8．There are so many beautiful scarves, I don’t know _________ . A．how to buy B．what to buy C．to choose whiech one D．which one to buy 9．The sick boy needs _________ at once. A．to be operated B．to operate C．to operate on D．to be operated on 10．To the parents of these children, the most important thing is ________ make much money but ________ together. A．to not; to get B．not to; getting C．not; to get D．not to; to get 题型二：动词不定式作目的状语 11．Many teenagers are having poor eyesight now, so parents should take action ________ the problem from getting worse. A．to stop B．stopping C．stopped D．stop 12．We must work hard ______ a better life. A．live B．living C．to living D．to live 13．________ water, turn off the tap after washing your hands. A．Save B．Saving C．Saved D．To save 14．He usually uses his thinking skills ________ the truth. A．find B．to find C．finding D．found 15．—Why do they hold the activity? —The purpose (目的) is to ______ for a charity. A．donate money B．raising money C．donating money D．raise money 题型三：动词不定式作宾语 16．After finishing her homework, Lisa went on ________ some extra math practice, but she delayed ________ her room until the weekend. A．doing; to clean B．doing; cleaning C．to do; cleaning D．to do; to clean 17．His father can’t afford ________ such a big house with a swimming pool. A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．bought 18．Please keep your bank card safe and remember ________ the passwords with anyone. A．share B．to share C．sharing D．not to share 19．Don’t forget ________ off the fans when you leave. A．turn B．turning C．to turn D．to turning 20．The students plan ______ a first-aid workshop next term. A．hold B．holds C．to hold D．holding 题型四：动词不定式作宾语补足语 21．My teacher asked us ________ loudly in the classroom. A．not talk B．not to talk C．talk not D．to not talk 22．My parents don’t allow me ________ out with my friends on school nights. A．go B．going C．to go D．went 23．—I tried to make Alice ______ her mind but I found it difficult. —Well, I saw you ______ that when I went past. A．change; do B．to change; doing C．to change; to do D．change; doing 24．VR technology enables people ________ the game better. A．to enjoy B．enjoy C．enjoying D．enjoyed 25．Mobile phones can be used to ________ for information, but I’m not used to ________ information on such a small screen. A．search; reading B．searching; reading C．search; read D．searching; read 题型五：动词不定式作主/表/定语等 26．Since both of Judy’s parents are doctors, her ambition is _______ medicine. A．study B．to study C．to studying D．studied 27．My dream is________ a great architect like leoh Ming Pei. A．being B．to being C．be D．to be 28．In the past, it usually took a week ________ a letter. A．delivering B．deliver C．to deliver D．delivered 29．As the school sports meeting is coming, it’s important for us ______ sports more often. A．practise doing B．to practise doing C．to practise to do D．practising doing 30．The Mid-Autumn Festival is a good time for Chinese families ________ together. A．getting B．got C．to getting D．to get 知识导图记忆 31．My parents often tell me ______ late for school. A．don’t be B．not be C．not to be D．to not be 32．There is something wrong with his computer. He plans to ________ it this afternoon. A．use B．repair C．delete D．notice 33．Lucy had few close friends at school, so she didn’t know ________ about the trouble. A．what to speak B．who to say C．what to talk D．who to talk to 34．Since it rained heavily, they had no choice but ________ the outdoor event. A．cancel B．to cancel C．cancelling D．to cancelling 35．Do you intend ________ in China for long, Tony? A．to stay B．stay C．stayed D．staying 36．Betty decides ________ a Chinese course because she is crazy about Chinese culture. A．take B．took C．taking D．to take 37．—You can hardly imagine how hard Tom practised ______ the P.E. exam. —Oh, I see him running alone in the playground every day. A．pass B．passing C．to pass D．passed 38．It is important ________ our traditional culture through various activities. A．protect B．protecting C．to protect D．protected 39．He is too old ________the box. A．to carry B．carrying C．carry D．carries 40．We found it very interesting ________ English. A．learning B．to learn C．learn D．learns 41．When the number of visitors in Nanjing Museum becomes larger at weekends, the Volunteer Club is willing to do something ________ everything in order. A．to keep B．kept C．keeping D．to keeping 42．Mom prefers ________ at home rather than go out for a walk on rainy days. A．rest B．to rest C．resting D．rested 43．Mike offered ______ Mary to carry her suitcase, but Mary said she could manage it herself. A．to help B．help C．helping D．helped 44．My mother often reminds me ________ my phone when doing homework. A．not to check B．not check C．don’t check D．didn’t check 45．People are cutting down trees for wood ________ space for farming. A．make B．makes C．made D．to make 46．_______ online scams, police, banks and tech businesses need to work together more. A．Fight B．Fighting C．To fight D．Fought 47．I really hope ________a good high school to get further education. A．enter B．entered C．entering D．to enter 48．Jack will join a summer camp he’s looking forward to _______ different kinds of abilities, A．develop B．develops C．developing D．to develop 49．________ healthy, you need to eat vegetables and exercise often. A．Keep B．Kept C．Keeping D．To keep 50．Scientists are trying ________ new energy vehicles that are more efficient and environmentally friendly. A．developing B．to develop C．developed D．develop 51．That actor was so funny that he made all people in the hall ________. A．laugh B．laughed C．to laugh D．laughing 52．The thinking training courses are ________ difficult for us ________ understand. A．so; that B．too; to C．to; to D．such; that 53．—Mum, I’ve got an offer from University of Birmingham! —Really? That’s just __________ to be true. Anyway, congratulations, Sam! A．good enough B．well enough C．too good D．too well 54．I think it is necessary for college students _________ part in some social activities. A．take B．taking C．to take D．took 55．Students are expected ________ Yunnan’s old history and special culture. A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．learned 56．The World Earth Day is a day that reminds people ________ the earth. A．to protect B．protect C．protected D．protecting 57．My mother always asks me ________ the habit of making the bed as soon as I get up. A．develop B．developing C．develops D．to develop 58．Mr. Green tried his best ________ his students understand the difficult math problem. A．help B．helped C．to help D．helping 59．She prefers ________ rather than ________ TV. A．swimming; watching B．to swimming; watching C．to swim; watch D．to swim; watching 60．—Can you tell me why Tao Yuanming’s works are popular? —His works allow us ______a close understanding of the nature. A．have B．had C．having D．to have 61．—I think the Water Park is a good place ________ fun. —I agree with you. A．have B．having C．to have D．had 62．My parents often tell me ______ late for school. A．don’t be B．not be C．not to be D．to not be 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$