专题05 八下核心语法复习五(时态综合二)-【暑假自学课】2025年新九年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(沪教牛津版)

2025-06-20
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语沪教牛津版(广州深圳沈阳通用)(2012)八年级下册
年级 九年级
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 谓语动词的时态
使用场景 寒暑假-暑假
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 2.62 MB
发布时间 2025-06-20
更新时间 2025-06-20
作者 创新初高英语精品馆
品牌系列 上好课·暑假轻松学
审核时间 2025-06-20
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/52664280.html
价格 3.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

内容正文:

专题05 八下核心语法复习五(时态综合二) (现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时) 内容导航 考点聚焦:核心考点+中考考点,有的放矢 重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺 难点强化:即学即练强化效果,能力提升 复习提升:真题感知+提升专练,全面突破 核心考点聚焦 五、现在进行时 ( 考点一 现在进行时的谓语形式和句型结构 )现在进行时主要用来表示现在或当前一段时间内正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 句式 结构 示例 肯定句 主语+be动词(am/is/are)+动词-ing形式+其他. Jenny is reading in the classroom. 珍妮正在教室看书。 否定句 主语+be动词(am/is/are)+not+动词-ing形式+其他. Jenny is not/isn't reading in the classroom. 珍妮现在不在教室里看书。 一般疑问句 Be动词(Am/Is/Are)+主语+动词-ing形式+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+be. 否定回答:No,主语+be + not. —Is Jenny reading in the classroom? 珍妮在教室看书吗? —Yes, she is. /No, she isn't.是的,她在教室看书读书。/不,她没在教室看书。 ( 考点 二 现在进行时的用法 ) 用法 示例 表示说话人说话时正在进行的动作。 Someone is knocking at the door.Can you go and have a look? 有人在敲门。你能去看看吗? 表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态,但动作在说话时未必正在进行。 They are exercising hard this month. 他们这个月正在努力锻炼。 表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作,此时常与表示将来的时间状语连用,主语往往是人。 I am taking the kids to the park this Sunday. 这个星期天我要带孩子们去公园。 go,leave,arrive,start,come,begin等非延续性动词用现在进行时表示马上就要发生的事情。 如:The school sports meeting is coming. 学校运动会就要到来了。 表示现阶段经常或习惯性的动作,常与always, usually等副词连用,含有不满、好奇或赞扬等感情色彩。 I'm always losing keys.我总是丢钥匙。(生气) ( 考点 三 现在进行时的时间标志词 ) now 现在 at this time 这时 at present 目前 right now 此刻;此时此刻 at the/this moment此刻 when/while 当……时 Look/Listen!看/听! these days 近来 these days近来 ( 考点 四 易错点:不用现在进行时的情况 ) ①表示思考、理解等心理活动类动词不能用于进行时态:believe、hear、doubt、forget、know、remember、agree、understand等。 She understands you better now. 她现在更了解你了。 ②表示占有与从属类的动词及动词短语不能用于进行时态。常见的此类动词(短语)有have(有)、own、possess、belong to、consist of等。 This dictionary belongs to Tom.. 这本词典属于汤姆。 ③表示感觉、感知类的动词一般不能用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有look、sound、taste、feel、smell等。feel 用于进行时态时表示一时的感觉。 I'm not feeling well today. 我今天感觉不适。 ④表示感情类动词不能用于进行时态,常见的此类动词有like、love、hate、hope、prefer、want、wish等。 He loves her very much. 他爱她很深。 1.(2024·四川·中考真题)Look at the children. They ________ kites in the park now. A.flew B.flies C.are flying D.will fly 2.(2025·江西·中考真题)It ______ heavily. We are going to get all wet walking outside. A.is raining B.rains C.rained D.was raining 3.(2025·江苏连云港·中考真题)As people pay more and more attention to cultural treasures, the industry of ancient book repairing ________ fast in China now. A.developed B.was developing C.is developing D.will develop 4.(2025·北京房山·一模)Look! Some of our classmates ________ basketball on the playground now. A.are playing B.have played C.were playing D.played 5.(2024·河北邯郸·一模)Mary always makes careful notes while she ________. A.is read B.will read C.has read D.is reading 6.(2025·上海·模拟预测)—When ________ the train ________? —In ten minutes. A.has; left B.will; be leave C.is; leaving D.did; leave 7.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)—Cindy, my sunglasses are on the floor and they are broken. What happened? —Sorry, dear. I don’t know. I ________ in the kitchen then. A.cook B.was cooking C.have cooked D.will cook 8.(2024·江苏无锡·中考真题)Do you mind turning down the music? I (attend) an online meeting now. 9.(2025·江苏无锡·三模)Hurry up! The time (run) out soon. 10.(2025·甘肃兰州·二模)The teacher with the students (dig) the holes to plant trees now. 六、 过去进行时 ( 考点 一 过去进行时的谓语形式和句型结构 )过去进行时表示过去的某个时间点或时间段内正在进行的动作或存在的状态。其基本结构为“was/were+动词-ing形式”。 句式 结构 示例 肯定句 主语+was/were+动词-ing形式+其他. Alice was sitting with her classmates by the river. 爱丽丝正和她的同学坐在河边。 否定句 主语+was/were+not+动词-ing形式+其他. Alice was not/wasn’t sitting with her classmates by the river. 爱丽丝没有和她的同学们坐在河边。 一般疑问句 —Was/Were+主语+动词-ing形式+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+was/were. 否定回答:No,主语+was/were not. —Was Alice sitting with her classmates by the river? 爱丽丝正和她的同学们坐在河边吗? —Yes,I was./No,I wasn't.是的,她和同学坐在河边。 /不,她没有和同学坐在河边。 ( 考点 二 过去进行时的用法 ) 用法 例句 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。 When you called,I was having a shower. 你打电话时,我正在洗澡。 表示过去某一时间段内正在进行的动作。 I was working all day yesterday. 我昨天工作了一整天。 表示一个过去的动作持续发生时,另一个过去的动作正在进行。 I was watering the flowers when suddenly it began to rain. 我正在给花浇水,突然开始下雨了。 表示两个过去的动作同时进行,常与when, while, as引导的时间状语从句连用。 While Linda was doing homework, Jenny was helping their mother with housework. 当琳达正在做家庭作业时,珍妮正在帮她们的母亲做家务。 表示过去经常或习惯性的动作,常与always, forever 等副词连用,含有满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等情感色彩。 Lisa was always helping others . 丽莎总是在帮助别人。 ( 考点 三 过去进行时的时间标志词 ) 时间标志词 then (指过去)当时,那时 at that time 当时 this time yesterday 昨天这个时候 at ten yesterday 昨天十点 last night 昨晚 ( 考点 四 过去进行时的特殊用法 ) 现在进行时和过去进行时表达感情色彩时的区别: 一、现在进行时表达感情色彩 1.现在进行时表示当前正在发生的动作或状态,这有时可以使得语气显得委婉、客气。 例如:I am wondering if you can give me a lift. (不知你能否让我搭一下车。) 这种用法常常用于提出请求或询问的场合,使语气显得更为礼貌和委婉。 2.现在进行时也可以用来表示说话人现在的主观情感,如满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等。强调的是现在的表现,而不是过去的习惯或经验。 例如:They are always quarreling.他们总是吵架。 二、过去进行时表达感情色彩 过去进行时表示对过去经历的主观感情色彩,如赞扬、不满、厌烦等。 例如:He was forever complaining about something.他总是抱怨。 ★总的来说,过去进行时和现在进行时在表达情感色彩方面都有一定的作用,但使用的情境和表达的情感色彩有所不同。过去进行时主要用于表达对过去经历的情感色彩,如赞扬或不满;而现在进行时则主要用于表达对当前情况的情感色彩,如委婉的语气或对现在的反应。 ( 考点 五 易错点:when和while的用法区别 ) when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的,且从而多用一般过去时;而while 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的,且从句多用过去进行时。 When she came in, her mother was cooking.她进来时,她的妈妈正在做饭。 While I was reading, she sang.我看书的时候,她唱歌。 1.(2023·江苏南京·中考真题)When I passed by the music room, Tina ________ the song Auld Lang Syne for the coming school-leavers’ party. A.has practised B.will practise C.was practising D.is practising 2.(2024·北京·中考真题)—Amy, you didn’t answer my call yesterday evening. What were you doing? —Sorry, I didn’t hear the ring. I ________ a book in my study. A.am reading B.have read C.was reading D.will read 3.(2024·江苏无锡·中考真题)Hey, John! What’s up? I ________ a shower when you called. A.had taken B.have taken C.was taking D.am taking 4.(2024·黑龙江·中考真题)While we ________ an English song, some visitors came into our classroom. A.were singing B.sang C.are singing 5.(2025·江苏无锡·二模)I didn’t hear the knock on the door because I (listen) to music with headphones on. 6.(2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题)Peter (have) supper with his parents yesterday when the phone rang. 7.(2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测)—I didn’t see you at the party last night, Anna. We (expect) you then. —Oh, really? I was too busy and forgot all about it. 8.(2025·江苏无锡·三模)—Ouch! You hurt me!  —I am sorry. But I didn’t mean any harm. I (try) to drive a fly away. 9.(2025·江苏无锡·二模)—The lights in your house were on last night. What were you doing? —Well, I (read) a book in the living room. I didn’t notice the time. 10.(2025·甘肃定西·三模)The children (fly) kites in the park at that time yesterday. ( 考点 一 现在完成时的结构和句型 )七、现在完成时 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+have/has +过去分词+其他. They have been in China for two years. 他们已经来中国两年了。 否定句 主语+have/has+not +过去分词+其他. They have not/haven't been in China for two years yet. 他们来中国还没有两年。 一般疑问句 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他? 答语:Yes,主语+have/has.或No,主语+have /has+not. —Have they been in China for two years? 他们来中国两年了吗? —Yes,they have./No,they haven't.是的,他们已经来了两年了。/不,他们还没有。 ( 考点 二 现在完成时的用法归纳 ) 用法 例句 表示动作发生在过去,对现在造成的影响或结果。 —Have you had your dinner yet? 你吃过晚饭了吗? —Yes,I have.I've just had it.是的,我刚吃过。 I have already watched the film. 我已经看过这部电影了。 表示动作或状态在过去已经开始,持续到现在,也许还要持续下去,常和for、since 连用。 We have lived here since 2010. 自从2010年以来我们就住在这里。 用在固定句型中,如: have/has gone to 已去某地(还没有回来) have/has been to曾去过某地(已经回来) have/has been in已经在某地 It has been+时间段+since从句(从句用一般过去时) He has gone to Guangzhou. 他去了广州。 I have been to Guangzhou. 我去过广州。 He has been in Guangzhou since last week. 他从上周就一直在广州。 It has been five years since he left here. 他离开这里已经五年了。 温馨提示: 在“have been in”的用法中,若该地为小地点,需用at代替in;当 have been后的地点为副词时,不用介词。 例如:His brother has been at this school for nine years.(小地点) 他的哥哥已在这所学校九年了。 例如:They have been here for half a year.(地点为副词) ( 考点 三 现在完成时的时间标志词 )他们在这里已经半年了。 常与现在完成时连用的状语 since+时间点 for+一段时间 already yet recently lately never up to now ever before since then ever since for a long time in the past/ last few years so far still 温馨提示: already和yet常和现在完成时连用,already用于肯定句,可放在助动词之后、过去分词之前,也可放在句末;yet用在疑问句中,意为“已经”,用在否定句中表示“还”,常放在句末。 例如:I have already finished the work.我已经完成了工作。 例如:I haven't finished the work yet.我还没有完成工作。 3.现在完成时常用标志词的用法 (1) just意为“刚刚”, 表示动作刚刚结束,常放在助动词与过去分词之间。 例如:I've just finished my homework.我刚刚完成我的家庭作业。 (2) ever意为“从来,曾经,在任何时候”,用于疑问句或否定句中,放在助动词与过去分词之间。 例如:Have you ever been to Chengdu?你曾经去过成都吗? (3)never意为“从来没有”,常与before 连用,多放在助动词与过去分词之间。 例如:I have never been to such a beautiful place before. 我以前从来没有去过这么美丽的地方。 (4) before意为“以前”, 指过去不确定的某个时间,总是放在句末,不受句型的限制。 例如:I haven't heard of it before.我以前没有听说过这件事。 (5)since+过去某个时间点或一般过去时的从句;for+时间段。 例如:Helen has lived in New York since 2015. 海伦自2015年以来一直住在纽约。 例如:Great changes have taken place since you left. 自从你走后,这里发生了很大的变化。 例如:I have been in Guangzhou for two years. ( 考点 三 延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法 )我在广州有两年了。 (1)用法 现在完成时表示动作从过去某个时候开始一直持续到现在,与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词应是延续性动词,非延续性动词在肯定句中不和一段时间连用。 例如:我离开这所学校五年了。 误: I've left this school for five years. (×) 正:I've been away from this school for five years. (√) (2)非延续性动词与一段时间连用要转化为延续性动词。 非延续性动词→延续性动词 非延续性动词→延续性动词 非延续性动词→延续性动词 buy→have close→be closed open→be open borrow→keep begin/start→be on get up→be up go→be there wake up→be awake arrive→be in die→be dead lose→not have leave→be away join→be in come→be here fall asleep→be asleep put on→wear finish→be over stop→be over marry/get married→be married catch a cold→have a cold go to bed→be in bed 温馨提示: 非延续性动词在否定结构中可用现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。 ( 考点 四 易错点:一般过去时与现在完成时的 区别 ) 1.一般过去时只是表示过去的动作或状态,其着眼点是过去,和现在没有任何关系。 例:He went to Beijing last week.他上周去北京了。 (只是提到他过去做了某个动作根本就没有什么涉及到现在怎么样。) I have been to Beijing many times.我去过北京好多次了。 (暗示出来的着眼点是:我现在的情况是对北京很了解了。) 2.现在完成时暗示过去发生过的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情况,其着眼点是现在,所以它不和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday, last night, three weeks ago, in 1990 等。 例如:——Please have lunch with us.请和我们一起吃午饭。 ——No, thanks. I've just had it.不,谢谢。我刚吃过。 (吃饭是过去,但我要表示的或者说明它的意思是“现在我不饿”,也就是“我不吃”。) 1.(2025·云南·中考真题)The film Ne Zha 2 is worth seeing. I ________ it three times so far. A.have seen B.am going to see C.saw D.see 2.(2024·江苏南京·中考真题)Most people agree that smart technology ________ a big part of society so far. A.become B.became C.has become D.is becoming 3.(2024·甘肃甘南·中考真题)—Where is your uncle? —He ________ America and he will stay in New York for two weeks. A.has been to B.has gone to C.has been in 4.(2024·黑龙江·中考真题)—The book is worth reading. How long may I ________ it? —________ a week. A.keep, For B.borrow, For C.lend, In 5.(2024·四川凉山·中考真题)—Have you ever ______ the Great Wall? —Yes, I have. I went there on our last school trip. A.been to B.gone to C.been in 6.(2025·广东汕头·二模)The number of the visitors to the museum ________ by 3,000 in the last two months. A.increase B.increases C.has increased D.have increased 7.(2025·黑龙江大庆·三模)—How long is it since he ________ his hometown? —He ________ for nearly 10 years. A.left; left B.has left; has left C.has left; has been away D.left; has been away 8.(2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模)The old man _______ for ten years. A.died B.has died C.has been dead D.has been died 9.(2022·西藏拉萨·模拟预测)Neither my sister nor I ________ been to Xizang before. A.have never B.has never C.have ever D.has ever 10.(2024·江苏无锡·中考真题)The Shenzhou-18 astronauts (work) in Tiangong space station since late April. 11.(2024·西藏·中考真题)China (plan) to export (出口) railway technology to countries along the Belt and Road (一带一路) so far. 12.(2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)Have you ever (try) Chinese food outside of China? 8、 过去完成时(课标未作要求) (1) 含义: 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或状态。它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。 Mr.Black told me that he had seen the movie three times. 布莱克先生告诉我他已经把这部电影看了三遍了。 (2) 谓语结构: 肯定:had+去过分词 否定:had not (hadn’t) done 一般疑问句:Had人称 done+其他? (3) 常见的时间状语: by+过去时间点,by the end of+过去时间点,by the time+从句,until/before/since+过去时间点或从句。 I had finished reading the book by nine o'clock last night. 我已经在昨晚9点前读完这本书了。     They had planted one hundred trees before last Wednesday. 他们在上个星期三之前已经种了100棵树了。 We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. 我们已经在上个学期结束之前学习超过2000个英语单词了。 (四)过去完成时的用法 (1)宾语从句中 。当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作发生,从句要用过去完成时。在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句。 如: She said that she had seen the film before.她说她之前已经看过这个电影了。 (see 发生在 say之前。say用过去式,see用过去完成时) (2) 由when,after,before,because,until等引导的句子中 主、从句的动作发生有先后关系,动作在前的,要用过去完成时,动作在后的要用一般过去时。 如: After he had finished his homework,he went to bed.在他完成作业后,他去睡觉了             【注意】:before,after 引导的时间状语从句中,由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系,若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主、从句都用一般过去时。 After he closed the door,he left the classroom.他关门后,就离开教室。 (关门,离开这两个动作是紧密相连的) 1.(2025·甘肃张掖·二模)When I got to the classroom, I realized that all my classmates ________. A.arrive B.have arrived C.had arrived D.were arriving 2.(2025·黑龙江佳木斯·二模)The film ______ for five minutes when I got to the cinema. A.had begun B.has been on C.had been on D.has begun 3(2024·甘肃武威·一模)He (change) so much that I almost didn’t know who he was when I saw him last night. 4.(2025·甘肃兰州·模拟预测)When he got to the station, the train (leave) already. So he had to went back. 1.(2025·吉林长春·三模)Listen! Tim ________ singing for the graduation ceremony in his room. A.will practice B.practiced C.is practicing D.has practiced 2.(2025·江苏南通·模拟预测)The train to Zhenxing Lu ________, please wait in lines. A.arrives B.has arrived C.is arriving D.is arrived 3.(2025·云南·模拟预测)The new AI application ________ daily life by helping people with tasks like translation and information retrieval. A.changes B.changed C.is changing D.will change 4.(2025·江苏无锡·三模)The boys were playing football on the playground ________ the rainstorm came. A.when B.while C.until D.after 5.(2025·北京丰台·二模)We ________ for the Art Festival when the teacher came into the school hall. A.prepare B.are preparing C.were preparing D.will prepare 6.(2025·北京东城·二模)While I ________ my bedroom yesterday, I found my old toys. A.cleaned B.was cleaning C.clean D.have cleaned 7.(2024·江苏常州·二模)—Miss Liu, we haven’t seen each other for a long time. —Yeah, that’s true. I ________ as a volunteer in Yunnan Province for most of the time last year. A.work B.was working C.have worked D.am working 8.(2025·吉林长春·二模)More and more people ______ to go on trips at the past two years. A.choose B.chose C.have chosen D.had chosen 9.(2025·安徽滁州·三模)—I’m sorry for being late. —Never mind. The movie ________ for only 5 minutes. A.has begun B.has been on C.have begun D.began 10.(2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模)The old man ________ last year. He ________ for a year. A.died; has been dead B.died; has died C.was dead; has died D.was dead; has been dead 11.(2025·北京房山·一模)The movie Ne Zha 2 ________ millions of people since it was shown in cinemas. A.attracts B.attracted C.will attract D.has attracted 12.(2025·江苏常州·三模)—Where is your sister? —She ________ Canada for three months. A.has gone to B.had gone to C.has been to D.has been in 13.(2025·天津河西·二模)—Lucy, where is Mr. Wang? —He ________ Beijing to attend a meeting. A.has gone to B.has been to C.has been in D.has come to 14.(2025·江西九江·模拟预测)—Our country really makes great progress in space development. —I couldn’t agree more. It ________ greatly in recent years. A.has improved B.would improve C.was improving D.will improve 15.(2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模)—What were you doing when I called you last night? —I ________ my homework and was going to bed. A.did B.was doing C.had done D.have done 1、 单项选择 1、(2025·上海金山·一模)In the past five years, our school library ________ a lot, besides having more books. A.change B.changes C.changed D.has changed 2.(2025·安徽阜阳·一模)—I didn’t see you at the lantern fair yesterday afternoon. Where were you then? —I ________ lessons with my friend in the library. A.reviewed B.have reviewed C.was reviewing D.had reviewed 3. In 2024, Hefei’s quantum research center ________ a major breakthrough in secure communication technology. A.has achieved B.achieves C.achieved D.will achieve 4.—Mike, you are late. The talk show ________ since an hour ago. —What a pity! No wonder all the students have left. A.has started B.has been on C.has ended D.has been over 5.—History as well as PE________ more and more important in middle school. —We should pay more attention to them. A.are becoming B.are getting C.is becoming D.is getting 6.(2024·四川泸州·中考真题)—Hi, Ethan. I called you at 8:00 last night, but you didn’t answer. —Sorry, I ______ the dishes. A.wash B.washed C.am washing D.was washing 7.(2025·江苏扬州·二模)While we ________ dinner, the power suddenly went out. A.were having B.had C.have D.are having 8.I didn’t sleep well. My daughter _______ TV all night. That was too noisy. A.watches B.has watched C.was watching D.will watch 9.(2024·黑龙江·中考真题)—Lucy, where is Mr. Wang? —Hе ________ Beijing to attend a meeting. A.has gone to B.has been to C.has been in 10.(2024·四川成都·中考真题)The astronauts of the Shenzhou-18 ________ in the Tiangong space station for about two months since they were sent into space in April this year. A.will work B.have worked C.is working 11.—Will you watch the movie with us tonight? —No, I ________ the film twice. A.will see B.have seen C.saw D.was seeing 12.The students in our school ________ many trees already. A.plant B.planted C.have planted D.will plant 13.(2025·上海·模拟预测)Little John’s mother ________ for him for an hour when she saw him at the school gate. A.has waited B.had waited C.is waiting D.was waiting 14.I borrowed the book yesterday. I _______ it for a week. Next Monday is due. A.will keep B.have kept C.have borrowed 15.The old man ________ for ten years. A.died B.has died C.has been dead D.was dead 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1.(2025·江苏淮安·二模)There (be) great changes in Jiangsu Province over the past 30 years. 2.(2025·西藏·模拟预测)Since he fell off the bike, John (lie) in bed for nearly a week. 3.(2025·黑龙江佳木斯·二模)When seeing the girl yesterday, I just forgot when I (meet) her before. 4.(2025·江苏南京·二模)Plants (provide) great support for nature over millions of years. 5.(2025·甘肃白银·三模)I have (be) a member of the art club since last September. 6.(2025·江苏南京·一模)Life is a book and there are still many pages I (not read) yet. 7.(2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测)—Don’t make any noise. The baby is sleeping. —There is no need. He (wake) up. 8.(2025·黑龙江牡丹江·二模)She hasn’t (eat) anything since morning. 9.(2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)Tom and his parents (have) supper when the phone rang. 10.(2023·辽宁大连·中考真题)We decided to stay at home because it was heavily. (rain) 11.(2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测)I am very tired these days. I (prepare) for my mom’s birthday. 12.(2025·江苏无锡·二模)Be quiet! I (discuss) the details of the fashion show with Tony on the phone. 13.(2025·云南·模拟预测)Many traditional crafts are slowly out without young people's involvement. (die) 14.(2024·西藏·中考真题)I (read) stories to my sister while my mother was cooking. 15.(2024·甘肃武威·一模)You arrived too late. They (leave) already. 三、语法填空 Ole is a student from Norway at East China Normal University. He first visited China in 2016, and since then, he 1 (develop) a deep interest in traditional Chinese culture. Recently, he and his team won the Shanghai International Students Dragon Boat Race. It was the team’s 2 (six) win in a row and his second time winning the first prize. “I was introduced to the dragon boat racing in the spring of 2023. My teacher noticed my strong arms and encouraged me 3 (try) it,” said Ole. When he 4 (ask) the secret of his success, he replied, “There is no ‘I’, 5 only ‘we’. My teammates are international students coming 6 different countries. Before we became the champions, we practiced rowing three times a week, trying to match the strokes (划桨动作) with drumbeat.” At first, we weren’t very good. We did not know 7 the problem was. However, with great efforts, we learned that teamwork is the key. Although we are culturally different, we are one team in the race. Before each race, the team would stand in 8 circle and cheer loudly. “Taking part in this sport, we realized the 9 (important) of cooperation (合作). We trained hard, and each stroke brings us closer to understanding the tradition of the Dragon Boat Festival,” said Ole 10 (proud). 19 / 21 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 专题05 八下核心语法复习五(时态综合二) (现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时) 内容导航 考点聚焦:核心考点+中考考点,有的放矢 重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺 难点强化:即学即练强化效果,能力提升 复习提升:真题感知+提升专练,全面突破 核心考点聚焦 五、现在进行时 ( 考点一 现在进行时的谓语形式和句型结构 )现在进行时主要用来表示现在或当前一段时间内正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 句式 结构 示例 肯定句 主语+be动词(am/is/are)+动词-ing形式+其他. Jenny is reading in the classroom. 珍妮正在教室看书。 否定句 主语+be动词(am/is/are)+not+动词-ing形式+其他. Jenny is not/isn't reading in the classroom. 珍妮现在不在教室里看书。 一般疑问句 Be动词(Am/Is/Are)+主语+动词-ing形式+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+be. 否定回答:No,主语+be + not. —Is Jenny reading in the classroom? 珍妮在教室看书吗? —Yes, she is. /No, she isn't.是的,她在教室看书读书。/不,她没在教室看书。 ( 考点 二 现在进行时的用法 ) 用法 示例 表示说话人说话时正在进行的动作。 Someone is knocking at the door.Can you go and have a look? 有人在敲门。你能去看看吗? 表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态,但动作在说话时未必正在进行。 They are exercising hard this month. 他们这个月正在努力锻炼。 表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作,此时常与表示将来的时间状语连用,主语往往是人。 I am taking the kids to the park this Sunday. 这个星期天我要带孩子们去公园。 go,leave,arrive,start,come,begin等非延续性动词用现在进行时表示马上就要发生的事情。 如:The school sports meeting is coming. 学校运动会就要到来了。 表示现阶段经常或习惯性的动作,常与always, usually等副词连用,含有不满、好奇或赞扬等感情色彩。 I'm always losing keys.我总是丢钥匙。(生气) ( 考点 三 现在进行时的时间标志词 ) now 现在 at this time 这时 at present 目前 right now 此刻;此时此刻 at the/this moment此刻 when/while 当……时 Look/Listen!看/听! these days 近来 these days近来 ( 考点 四 易错点:不用现在进行时的情况 ) ①表示思考、理解等心理活动类动词不能用于进行时态:believe、hear、doubt、forget、know、remember、agree、understand等。 She understands you better now. 她现在更了解你了。 ②表示占有与从属类的动词及动词短语不能用于进行时态。常见的此类动词(短语)有have(有)、own、possess、belong to、consist of等。 This dictionary belongs to Tom.. 这本词典属于汤姆。 ③表示感觉、感知类的动词一般不能用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有look、sound、taste、feel、smell等。feel 用于进行时态时表示一时的感觉。 I'm not feeling well today. 我今天感觉不适。 ④表示感情类动词不能用于进行时态,常见的此类动词有like、love、hate、hope、prefer、want、wish等。 He loves her very much. 他爱她很深。 1.(2024·四川·中考真题)Look at the children. They ________ kites in the park now. A.flew B.flies C.are flying D.will fly 【答案】C 【详解】句意:看孩子们。他们现在正在公园放风筝。 考查时态。根据“Look at the children”以及“now”可知此处表示正在进行的动作,用现在进行时am/is/are doing。故选C。 2.(2025·江西·中考真题)It ______ heavily. We are going to get all wet walking outside. A.is raining B.rains C.rained D.was raining 【答案】A 【详解】句意:外面正在下大雨。我们出去走的话会被淋湿的。 考查动词时态。根据“We are going to get all wet walking outside”可知,说话时正在下雨,强调当前正在发生的动作,用现在进行时(am/is/are doing)。故选A。 3.(2025·江苏连云港·中考真题)As people pay more and more attention to cultural treasures, the industry of ancient book repairing ________ fast in China now. A.developed B.was developing C.is developing D.will develop 【答案】C 【详解】句意:随着人们对文化瑰宝的关注度越来越高,古籍修复行业在中国发展迅速。 考查时态。根据“now”可知此处表示正在迅速发展,用现在进行时,be动词用is。故选C。 4.(2025·北京房山·一模)Look! Some of our classmates ________ basketball on the playground now. A.are playing B.have played C.were playing D.played 【答案】A 【详解】句意:看!我们的一些同学现在正在操场上打篮球。 考查时态。根据“Look!”可知,此处是描述现在正发生的动作,用现在进行时am/is/are doing,主语是复数,be用are。故选A。 5.(2024·河北邯郸·一模)Mary always makes careful notes while she ________. A.is read B.will read C.has read D.is reading 【答案】D 【详解】句意:玛丽读书时总是仔细做笔记。 考查时态。根据“while”可知,阅读的时候总是做笔记,应用现在进行时“am/is/are+动词现在分词”,主语为she,be动词用is,故选D。 6.(2025·上海·模拟预测)—When ________ the train ________? —In ten minutes. A.has; left B.will; be leave C.is; leaving D.did; leave 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——火车什么时候出发?——十分钟后。 考查动词时态。根据答语“In ten minutes”可知,询问的是将来的动作,火车按时刻表出发,应该用现在进行时表将来,故选C。 7.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)—Cindy, my sunglasses are on the floor and they are broken. What happened? —Sorry, dear. I don’t know. I ________ in the kitchen then. A.cook B.was cooking C.have cooked D.will cook 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——Cindy,我的太阳镜在地上,它们坏了。发生了什么?——对不起,亲爱的。我不知道。我当时在厨房做饭。 考查时态。根据“What happened?”和“then”可知,此处指太阳镜坏的时候正在做饭,用过去进行时“was/were doing”。故选B。 8.(2024·江苏无锡·中考真题)Do you mind turning down the music? I (attend) an online meeting now. 【答案】am attending 【详解】句意:你介意把音乐关小一点吗?我现在正在参加一个在线会议。attend“参加”,动词。根据“Do you mind turning down the music?”及“now”可知,正在参加会议,应为现在进行时,结构是be doing,主语是第一人称I,be动词用am。故填am attending。 9.(2025·江苏无锡·三模)Hurry up! The time (run) out soon. 【答案】is running/will run 【详解】句意:快点!时间很快就会用完。根据“Hurry up!”、“soon”及提示词可知,此处强调时间在不久的将来会用完,run out表示“用完;耗尽”,既可以用现在进行时“is running”表将来(表示按照计划或安排即将发生的动作),也可以用一般将来时“will run”表将来(单纯描述将来会发生的动作)。故填is running/will run。 10.(2025·甘肃兰州·二模)The teacher with the students (dig) the holes to plant trees now. 【答案】is digging 【详解】句意:老师和学生们现在正在挖坑种树。根据句末的now可知,这句话应该用现在进行时,谓语动词应该是be+动词的ing形式。这句话的主语是the teacher,其后“with the students”是介词短语作伴随状语,不影响主语的单复数所以谓语动词应该用单数is。故填is digging。 六、 过去进行时 ( 考点 一 过去进行时的谓语形式和句型结构 )过去进行时表示过去的某个时间点或时间段内正在进行的动作或存在的状态。其基本结构为“was/were+动词-ing形式”。 句式 结构 示例 肯定句 主语+was/were+动词-ing形式+其他. Alice was sitting with her classmates by the river. 爱丽丝正和她的同学坐在河边。 否定句 主语+was/were+not+动词-ing形式+其他. Alice was not/wasn’t sitting with her classmates by the river. 爱丽丝没有和她的同学们坐在河边。 一般疑问句 —Was/Were+主语+动词-ing形式+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+was/were. 否定回答:No,主语+was/were not. —Was Alice sitting with her classmates by the river? 爱丽丝正和她的同学们坐在河边吗? —Yes,I was./No,I wasn't.是的,她和同学坐在河边。 /不,她没有和同学坐在河边。 ( 考点 二 过去进行时的用法 ) 用法 例句 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。 When you called,I was having a shower. 你打电话时,我正在洗澡。 表示过去某一时间段内正在进行的动作。 I was working all day yesterday. 我昨天工作了一整天。 表示一个过去的动作持续发生时,另一个过去的动作正在进行。 I was watering the flowers when suddenly it began to rain. 我正在给花浇水,突然开始下雨了。 表示两个过去的动作同时进行,常与when, while, as引导的时间状语从句连用。 While Linda was doing homework, Jenny was helping their mother with housework. 当琳达正在做家庭作业时,珍妮正在帮她们的母亲做家务。 表示过去经常或习惯性的动作,常与always, forever 等副词连用,含有满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等情感色彩。 Lisa was always helping others . 丽莎总是在帮助别人。 ( 考点 三 过去进行时的时间标志词 ) 时间标志词 then (指过去)当时,那时 at that time 当时 this time yesterday 昨天这个时候 at ten yesterday 昨天十点 last night 昨晚 ( 考点 四 过去进行时的特殊用法 ) 现在进行时和过去进行时表达感情色彩时的区别: 一、现在进行时表达感情色彩 1.现在进行时表示当前正在发生的动作或状态,这有时可以使得语气显得委婉、客气。 例如:I am wondering if you can give me a lift. (不知你能否让我搭一下车。) 这种用法常常用于提出请求或询问的场合,使语气显得更为礼貌和委婉。 2.现在进行时也可以用来表示说话人现在的主观情感,如满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等。强调的是现在的表现,而不是过去的习惯或经验。 例如:They are always quarreling.他们总是吵架。 二、过去进行时表达感情色彩 过去进行时表示对过去经历的主观感情色彩,如赞扬、不满、厌烦等。 例如:He was forever complaining about something.他总是抱怨。 ★总的来说,过去进行时和现在进行时在表达情感色彩方面都有一定的作用,但使用的情境和表达的情感色彩有所不同。过去进行时主要用于表达对过去经历的情感色彩,如赞扬或不满;而现在进行时则主要用于表达对当前情况的情感色彩,如委婉的语气或对现在的反应。 ( 考点 五 易错点:when和while的用法区别 ) when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的,且从而多用一般过去时;而while 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的,且从句多用过去进行时。 When she came in, her mother was cooking.她进来时,她的妈妈正在做饭。 While I was reading, she sang.我看书的时候,她唱歌。 1.(2023·江苏南京·中考真题)When I passed by the music room, Tina ________ the song Auld Lang Syne for the coming school-leavers’ party. A.has practised B.will practise C.was practising D.is practising 【答案】C 【详解】句意:当我经过音乐室时,Tina正在为即将到来的毕业晚会练习《友谊地久天长》。 考查过去进行时。根据“When I passed by the music room, Tina ... the song Auld Lang Syne for the coming school-leavers’ party.”可知,强调在过去某个时刻正在做某事,用过去进行时。故选C。 2.(2024·北京·中考真题)—Amy, you didn’t answer my call yesterday evening. What were you doing? —Sorry, I didn’t hear the ring. I ________ a book in my study. A.am reading B.have read C.was reading D.will read 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——Amy,你昨天晚上没接我的电话。你在干什么?——对不起,我没听到铃声。我当时正在书房里读书。 考查动词的时态。read阅读;am reading现在进行时;have read现在完成时;was reading过去进行时;will read一般将来时。根据“yesterday evening”和问句“What were you doing?”可知,此处是在描述过去某一时间正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时。故选C。 3.(2024·江苏无锡·中考真题)Hey, John! What’s up? I ________ a shower when you called. A.had taken B.have taken C.was taking D.am taking 【答案】C 【详解】句意:嗨,约翰!有什么事吗?你打电话的时候我正在洗澡。 考查过去进行时。根据“I...a shower when you called.”可知,强调在过去的某个时间点正在发生的动作,用过去进行时。故选C。 4.(2024·黑龙江·中考真题)While we ________ an English song, some visitors came into our classroom. A.were singing B.sang C.are singing 【答案】A 【详解】句意:当我们唱英语歌的时候,一些参观者走进了我们的教室。 考查动词时态。分析句子可知,此处是含while引导的状语从句的复合句。参观者进入教室时,我们正在唱歌,主句用一般过去时,从句应用过去进行时“was/were+动词现在分词”。故选A。 5.(2025·江苏无锡·二模)I didn’t hear the knock on the door because I (listen) to music with headphones on. 【答案】was listening 【详解】句意:我没有听到敲门声,因为我当时正戴着耳机听音乐。根据“I didn’t hear the knock on the door”以及“because”可知,“没听到敲门声”的原因是“我”当时正在听音乐,要用过去进行时,其结构是“was/were + 动词的现在分词”。主语是“I”,be动词用was,listen的现在分词是listening。故填was listening。 6.(2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题)Peter (have) supper with his parents yesterday when the phone rang. 【答案】was having 【详解】句意:彼得昨天正在和他的父母吃晚饭,这时电话响了。根据“Peter...supper with his parents yesterday when the phone rang.”可知,强调在过去的时间点正在发生的动作,用过去进行时,故填was having。 7.(2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测)—I didn’t see you at the party last night, Anna. We (expect) you then. —Oh, really? I was too busy and forgot all about it. 【答案】were expecting 【详解】句意:——安娜,我昨晚在派对上没看到你。我们那时一直在盼着你呢。——哦,真的吗?我太忙了,把这事全忘了。根据“last night及语境”可知,“盼你”动作在派对时持续进行,用过去进行时,结构“was/were + 现在分词”,主语“We”,be动词用“were”,“expect”的现在分词是“expecting”。故填were expecting。 8.(2025·江苏无锡·三模)—Ouch! You hurt me!  —I am sorry. But I didn’t mean any harm. I (try) to drive a fly away. 【答案】was trying 【详解】句意:——哎哟!你弄疼我了!——对不起。但我不是有意伤害你。我刚才在试着赶走一只苍蝇。根据“—Ouch! You hurt me! —I am sorry. But I didn’t mean any harm. I…to drive a fly away.”可知,“试图赶走苍蝇”是在对方被弄疼的那个时刻正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时。故填was trying。 9.(2025·江苏无锡·二模)—The lights in your house were on last night. What were you doing? —Well, I (read) a book in the living room. I didn’t notice the time. 【答案】was reading 【详解】句意:——你家的灯昨晚亮着。你当时在做什么? ——嗯,我在客厅看书。我没注意时间。根据“What were you doing?”可知,问句提问过去过某一刻正在做的事情,应该用过去进行时回答,过去进行时的结构是was/were+现在分词,主语是I,be动词用was。故填was reading。 10.(2025·甘肃定西·三模)The children (fly) kites in the park at that time yesterday. 【答案】were flying 【详解】句意:昨天那个时候孩子们正在公园里放风筝。根据“at that time yesterday”可知,句子描述的是过去某个具体时刻正在进行的动作,要用过去进行时态,其结构为“was/were + 现在分词”。句子主语“The children”是复数,所以be动词用were,fly的现在分词是flying,故填were flying。 ( 考点 一 现在完成时的结构和句型 )七、现在完成时 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+have/has +过去分词+其他. They have been in China for two years. 他们已经来中国两年了。 否定句 主语+have/has+not +过去分词+其他. They have not/haven't been in China for two years yet. 他们来中国还没有两年。 一般疑问句 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他? 答语:Yes,主语+have/has.或No,主语+have /has+not. —Have they been in China for two years? 他们来中国两年了吗? —Yes,they have./No,they haven't.是的,他们已经来了两年了。/不,他们还没有。 ( 考点 二 现在完成时的用法归纳 ) 用法 例句 表示动作发生在过去,对现在造成的影响或结果。 —Have you had your dinner yet? 你吃过晚饭了吗? —Yes,I have.I've just had it.是的,我刚吃过。 I have already watched the film. 我已经看过这部电影了。 表示动作或状态在过去已经开始,持续到现在,也许还要持续下去,常和for、since 连用。 We have lived here since 2010. 自从2010年以来我们就住在这里。 用在固定句型中,如: have/has gone to 已去某地(还没有回来) have/has been to曾去过某地(已经回来) have/has been in已经在某地 It has been+时间段+since从句(从句用一般过去时) He has gone to Guangzhou. 他去了广州。 I have been to Guangzhou. 我去过广州。 He has been in Guangzhou since last week. 他从上周就一直在广州。 It has been five years since he left here. 他离开这里已经五年了。 温馨提示: 在“have been in”的用法中,若该地为小地点,需用at代替in;当 have been后的地点为副词时,不用介词。 例如:His brother has been at this school for nine years.(小地点) 他的哥哥已在这所学校九年了。 例如:They have been here for half a year.(地点为副词) ( 考点 三 现在完成时的时间标志词 )他们在这里已经半年了。 常与现在完成时连用的状语 since+时间点 for+一段时间 already yet recently lately never up to now ever before since then ever since for a long time in the past/ last few years so far still 温馨提示: already和yet常和现在完成时连用,already用于肯定句,可放在助动词之后、过去分词之前,也可放在句末;yet用在疑问句中,意为“已经”,用在否定句中表示“还”,常放在句末。 例如:I have already finished the work.我已经完成了工作。 例如:I haven't finished the work yet.我还没有完成工作。 3.现在完成时常用标志词的用法 (1) just意为“刚刚”, 表示动作刚刚结束,常放在助动词与过去分词之间。 例如:I've just finished my homework.我刚刚完成我的家庭作业。 (2) ever意为“从来,曾经,在任何时候”,用于疑问句或否定句中,放在助动词与过去分词之间。 例如:Have you ever been to Chengdu?你曾经去过成都吗? (3)never意为“从来没有”,常与before 连用,多放在助动词与过去分词之间。 例如:I have never been to such a beautiful place before. 我以前从来没有去过这么美丽的地方。 (4) before意为“以前”, 指过去不确定的某个时间,总是放在句末,不受句型的限制。 例如:I haven't heard of it before.我以前没有听说过这件事。 (5)since+过去某个时间点或一般过去时的从句;for+时间段。 例如:Helen has lived in New York since 2015. 海伦自2015年以来一直住在纽约。 例如:Great changes have taken place since you left. 自从你走后,这里发生了很大的变化。 例如:I have been in Guangzhou for two years. ( 考点 三 延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法 )我在广州有两年了。 (1)用法 现在完成时表示动作从过去某个时候开始一直持续到现在,与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词应是延续性动词,非延续性动词在肯定句中不和一段时间连用。 例如:我离开这所学校五年了。 误: I've left this school for five years. (×) 正:I've been away from this school for five years. (√) (2)非延续性动词与一段时间连用要转化为延续性动词。 非延续性动词→延续性动词 非延续性动词→延续性动词 非延续性动词→延续性动词 buy→have close→be closed open→be open borrow→keep begin/start→be on get up→be up go→be there wake up→be awake arrive→be in die→be dead lose→not have leave→be away join→be in come→be here fall asleep→be asleep put on→wear finish→be over stop→be over marry/get married→be married catch a cold→have a cold go to bed→be in bed 温馨提示: 非延续性动词在否定结构中可用现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。 ( 考点 四 易错点:一般过去时与现在完成时的 区别 ) 1.一般过去时只是表示过去的动作或状态,其着眼点是过去,和现在没有任何关系。 例:He went to Beijing last week.他上周去北京了。 (只是提到他过去做了某个动作根本就没有什么涉及到现在怎么样。) I have been to Beijing many times.我去过北京好多次了。 (暗示出来的着眼点是:我现在的情况是对北京很了解了。) 2.现在完成时暗示过去发生过的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情况,其着眼点是现在,所以它不和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday, last night, three weeks ago, in 1990 等。 例如:——Please have lunch with us.请和我们一起吃午饭。 ——No, thanks. I've just had it.不,谢谢。我刚吃过。 (吃饭是过去,但我要表示的或者说明它的意思是“现在我不饿”,也就是“我不吃”。) 1.(2025·云南·中考真题)The film Ne Zha 2 is worth seeing. I ________ it three times so far. A.have seen B.am going to see C.saw D.see 【答案】A 【详解】句意:电影《哪吒2》值得一看。到目前为止我已经看过三次了。 考查现在完成时。由“so far”可知,句子应用现在完成时。故选A。 2.(2024·江苏南京·中考真题)Most people agree that smart technology ________ a big part of society so far. A.become B.became C.has become D.is becoming 【答案】C 【详解】句意:大多数人都认为到目前为止,智能技术已经成为社会的重要组成部分。 考查时态。根据“so far”可知句子用现在完成时have/has done。故选C。 3.(2024·甘肃甘南·中考真题)—Where is your uncle? —He ________ America and he will stay in New York for two weeks. A.has been to B.has gone to C.has been in 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你的叔叔在哪里?——他去了美国,他将在纽约待两个星期。 考查has gone to与has been to的用法。has been to去过某地,已经回来了;has gone to到某地去了,还没有回来;has been in一直在某地。根据“Where is your uncle”可知,下文应回答他去美国了,用has gone to。故选B。 4.(2024·黑龙江·中考真题)—The book is worth reading. How long may I ________ it? —________ a week. A.keep, For B.borrow, For C.lend, In 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——这本书值得一读。我可以借多久?——一周。 考查动词及介词辨析。keep保存,延续性动词;borrow借入,非延续性动词;lend借出,非延续性动词;For连接一段时间;In后接年、月、季节等。第一空与How long连用,应用延续性动词;第二空“a week”表一段时间,用For。故选A。 5.(2024·四川凉山·中考真题)—Have you ever ______ the Great Wall? —Yes, I have. I went there on our last school trip. A.been to B.gone to C.been in 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——你去过长城吗?——是的,我去过。我上次学校旅行时去了那里。 考查现在完成时。have been to去过某地,已经回来;have gone to去了某地,还未回来;have been in待在某地。根据“I went there on our last school trip.”可知,“我”去过长城,且已经回来了,应用have been to。故选A。 6.(2025·广东汕头·二模)The number of the visitors to the museum ________ by 3,000 in the last two months. A.increase B.increases C.has increased D.have increased 【答案】C 【详解】句意:过去两个月,博物馆的参观人数增加了3,000人。 考查现在完成时。根据“in the last two months”可知,此句时态为现在完成时,表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响。结构为has/have done。主语为“The number of the visitors”,助动词用has;increase的过去分词为increased。故选C。 7.(2025·黑龙江大庆·三模)—How long is it since he ________ his hometown? —He ________ for nearly 10 years. A.left; left B.has left; has left C.has left; has been away D.left; has been away 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——他离开家乡多久了?——他离开近10年了。 考查动词时态。第一空:“since”引导时间状语从句时,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时,故填left;第二空:“for nearly 10 years”表示持续的时间段,需用现在完成时的延续性动词结构,has been away符合语境,而“has left”是瞬间动词不能接时间段。故选D。 8.(2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模)The old man _______ for ten years. A.died B.has died C.has been dead D.has been died 【答案】C 【详解】句意:这位老人已经去世十年了。 考查动词时态。根据“for ten years”可知,句子时态应用现在完成时,其结构为have/has done,排除A;die是短暂性动词,不能与延续性时间连用,要转化为延续性动词“be dead”;主语“The old man” 是第三人称单数,助动词应用has,即has been dead。故选C。 9.(2022·西藏拉萨·模拟预测)Neither my sister nor I ________ been to Xizang before. A.have never B.has never C.have ever D.has ever 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我和妹妹以前都没有去过西藏。 考查现在完成时。have never从来不;has never从来不(has为have的第三人称单数);have ever曾经;has ever曾经(has为have的第三人称单数)。根据“been to”和“before”可知本句应用现在完成时“have/has done”,又因“Neither my sister nor I”中neither...nor表示“两者都不”,本身为否定意义,谓语遵循“就近一致”原则,因离其最近的主语是I,动词用原形。故选C。 10.(2024·江苏无锡·中考真题)The Shenzhou-18 astronauts (work) in Tiangong space station since late April. 【答案】have worked 【详解】句意:神舟18号的宇航员自4月下旬以来一直在天宫空间站工作。根据“since late April”可知,此处应使用现在完成时,主语是复数,助动词用have,故填have worked。 11.(2024·西藏·中考真题)China (plan) to export (出口) railway technology to countries along the Belt and Road (一带一路) so far. 【答案】has planned 【详解】句意:到目前为止,中国计划向“一带一路”沿线国家出口铁路技术。根据时间状语“so far”可知,句子应用现在完成时(have/has done),表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在。主语China是第三人称单数,因此助动词用has,动词用过去分词形式planned。故填has planned。 12.(2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)Have you ever (try) Chinese food outside of China? 【答案】tried 【详解】句意:你在国外吃过中国菜吗?try“尝试”,动词。根据“ever”及“Have…”可知,此处是现在完成时态,结构是have done。故填tried。 8、 过去完成时(课标未作要求) (1) 含义: 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或状态。它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。 Mr.Black told me that he had seen the movie three times. 布莱克先生告诉我他已经把这部电影看了三遍了。 (2) 谓语结构: 肯定:had+去过分词 否定:had not (hadn’t) done 一般疑问句:Had人称 done+其他? (3) 常见的时间状语: by+过去时间点,by the end of+过去时间点,by the time+从句,until/before/since+过去时间点或从句。 I had finished reading the book by nine o'clock last night. 我已经在昨晚9点前读完这本书了。     They had planted one hundred trees before last Wednesday. 他们在上个星期三之前已经种了100棵树了。 We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. 我们已经在上个学期结束之前学习超过2000个英语单词了。 (四)过去完成时的用法 (1)宾语从句中 。当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作发生,从句要用过去完成时。在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句。 如: She said that she had seen the film before.她说她之前已经看过这个电影了。 (see 发生在 say之前。say用过去式,see用过去完成时) (2) 由when,after,before,because,until等引导的句子中 主、从句的动作发生有先后关系,动作在前的,要用过去完成时,动作在后的要用一般过去时。 如: After he had finished his homework,he went to bed.在他完成作业后,他去睡觉了             【注意】:before,after 引导的时间状语从句中,由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系,若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主、从句都用一般过去时。 After he closed the door,he left the classroom.他关门后,就离开教室。 (关门,离开这两个动作是紧密相连的) 1.(2025·甘肃张掖·二模)When I got to the classroom, I realized that all my classmates ________. A.arrive B.have arrived C.had arrived D.were arriving 【答案】C 【详解】句意:当我到达教室时,我意识到所有的同学都到了。 考查过去完成时。根据“When I got to the classroom, I realized that all my classmates”可知,此句描述过去发生的事情对过去造成的影响,应用过去完成时,其结构为“had done”。故选C。 2.(2025·黑龙江佳木斯·二模)The film ______ for five minutes when I got to the cinema. A.had begun B.has been on C.had been on D.has begun 【答案】C 【详解】句意:当我到达电影院的时候,电影已经放映五分钟了。 考查动词时态。根据句中“when I got to the cinema”可知,主句动作发生在过去的过去,即“到达电影院”之前,所以主句应该用过去完成时;再根据句中“for five minutes”可知,句中谓语动词应为延续性动词,begin是瞬间性动词,其延续性形式为be on,所以此处使用had been on。故选C。 3(2024·甘肃武威·一模)He (change) so much that I almost didn’t know who he was when I saw him last night. 【答案】had changed 【详解】句意:他变化如此之大,以至于我昨晚见到他时几乎认不出他是谁。根据“when I saw him last night”可知,看到他发生在过去,变化很大是在过去的过去,应用过去完成时,结构为had done。故填had changed。 4.(2025·甘肃兰州·模拟预测)When he got to the station, the train (leave) already. So he had to went back. 【答案】had left 【详解】句意:当他到达车站的时候,火车已经离开了。因此他不得不回去。考查谓语动词的时态,此处already意为“已经”,是完成时的标志词,到达车站的时间是过去,在过去之前火车已经离开,所以是过去的过去,应用过去完成时had left。故填had left。 1.(2025·吉林长春·三模)Listen! Tim ________ singing for the graduation ceremony in his room. A.will practice B.practiced C.is practicing D.has practiced 【答案】C 【详解】句意:听!Tim正在他的房间里为毕业典礼练习唱歌。 考查时态。根据“Listen”可知他正在练习唱歌,用现在进行时be doing。故选C。 2.(2025·江苏南通·模拟预测)The train to Zhenxing Lu ________, please wait in lines. A.arrives B.has arrived C.is arriving D.is arrived 【答案】C 【详解】句意:开往振兴路的列车即将进站,请排队等候。 考查时态。根据“please wait in lines”可知,排队等候说明列车即将进站,这里需要使用现在进行时来表示火车即将到达的动作。故选C。 3.(2025·云南·模拟预测)The new AI application ________ daily life by helping people with tasks like translation and information retrieval. A.changes B.changed C.is changing D.will change 【答案】C 【详解】句意:新的人工智能应用正在通过帮助人们完成翻译和信息检索等任务来改变日常生活。 考查时态。句子描述的是新的AI应用当前对日常生活的影响,强调动作正在持续发生,符合现在进行时的用法,其结构为:am/is/are+现在分词,故选C。 4.(2025·江苏无锡·三模)The boys were playing football on the playground ________ the rainstorm came. A.when B.while C.until D.after 【答案】A 【详解】句意:暴风雨来临时,男孩们正在操场上踢足球。 考查连词辨析。when当……时;while在……期间;until直到;after在……之后。主句“The boys were playing football”表示持续进行的动作,而从句“the rainstorm came”描述的是瞬间发生的动作,应用when引导时间状语从句。故选A。 5.(2025·北京丰台·二模)We ________ for the Art Festival when the teacher came into the school hall. A.prepare B.are preparing C.were preparing D.will prepare 【答案】C 【详解】句意:当老师进入学校大厅时,我们正在为艺术节做准备。 考查过去进行时。根据“when the teacher came into the school hall”可知,此处是指主句动作“prepare for the Art Festival”是在“老师进入大厅”这一过去时间点正在进行的动作,因此应用过去进行时,其结构为was/were doing;主语为“We”,be动词应用were,动词prepare的现在分词为preparing。故选C。 6.(2025·北京东城·二模)While I ________ my bedroom yesterday, I found my old toys. A.cleaned B.was cleaning C.clean D.have cleaned 【答案】B 【详解】句意:昨天我打扫卧室时,发现了我的旧玩具。 考查过去进行时。根据题干可知,此处表示两个动作同时发生,强调一个动作(从句动作)正在进行时,另一个动作(主句动作)发生;空处属于从句动作,根据主句“I found my old toys”可知,主句时态是一般过去时,所以空处表示过去正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时。故选B。 7.(2024·江苏常州·二模)—Miss Liu, we haven’t seen each other for a long time. —Yeah, that’s true. I ________ as a volunteer in Yunnan Province for most of the time last year. A.work B.was working C.have worked D.am working 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——刘小姐,我们很久没见面了。  ——是啊,没错。去年大部分时间我都在云南省做志愿者。 考查过去进行时。work工作,动词原形;was working正在工作,过去进行时;have worked已经工作了,现在完成时;am working正在工作,现在进行时。结合语境及“for most of the time last year”可知,此处表示过去某一阶段一直发生的动作,应用过去进行时表示“那段时间一直在做某事”。故选B。 8.(2025·吉林长春·二模)More and more people ______ to go on trips at the past two years. A.choose B.chose C.have chosen D.had chosen 【答案】C 【详解】句意:过去两年中越来越多人选择去旅行。 考查动词时态。根据“at the past two years”可知,此处是强调从过去持续至今的动作,需用现在完成时have/has done,主语是复数,助动词用have。故选C。 9.(2025·安徽滁州·三模)—I’m sorry for being late. —Never mind. The movie ________ for only 5 minutes. A.has begun B.has been on C.have begun D.began 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——很抱歉我迟到了。——没关系。电影才开始5分钟。 考查现在完成时及非延续性动词。结合句意和语境,“begin”是短暂性动词,不能与“for+时间段(for only 5 minutes)”连用,需用对应的延续性动词短语“be on”。主语“the movie”是单数,现在完成时结构为“has+过去分词”,“be”的过去分词是“been”,所以用“has been on”。故选B。 10.(2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模)The old man ________ last year. He ________ for a year. A.died; has been dead B.died; has died C.was dead; has died D.was dead; has been dead 【答案】A 【详解】句意:这位老人去年去世了。他已经死了一年了。 考查动词时态。第一空根据“The old man …last year.”可知,此处时态为一般过去时,die过去式是died,因此第一空填died,排除CD;第二空根据“He …for a year.”可知,此处时态是现在完成时,其结构为have/has done,而die是瞬间动词,不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用;应用表示状态的短语be dead,be的过去分词是been。故选A。 11.(2025·北京房山·一模)The movie Ne Zha 2 ________ millions of people since it was shown in cinemas. A.attracts B.attracted C.will attract D.has attracted 【答案】D 【详解】句意:电影《哪吒2》自上映以来已吸引了数百万人。 考查现在完成时。根据“since it was shown”可知,动作从过去持续到现在并强调影响,需用现在完成时(have/has done)。故选D。 12.(2025·江苏常州·三模)—Where is your sister? —She ________ Canada for three months. A.has gone to B.had gone to C.has been to D.has been in 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——你姐姐在哪里?——她去加拿大三个月了。 考查现在完成时。has gone to去了某地还未回来,现在完成时;had gone to去了某地还未回来,过去完成时;has been to去过某地已经回来,现在完成时;has been in待在某地,现在完成时。根据“for three months”可知,应用现在完成时,表示“已经在加拿大待了三个月了”,故选D。 13.(2025·天津河西·二模)—Lucy, where is Mr. Wang? —He ________ Beijing to attend a meeting. A.has gone to B.has been to C.has been in D.has come to 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——露西,王先生在哪里?——王先生去了北京参加会议。 考查现在完成时。has gone to去了某地还未回来;has been to曾经去过某地;has been in已在某地待了一段时间;has come to已经来到某地。根据“Beijing to attend a meeting.”可知,王先生去了北京还未回来,需has gone to。故选A。 14.(2025·江西九江·模拟预测)—Our country really makes great progress in space development. —I couldn’t agree more. It ________ greatly in recent years. A.has improved B.would improve C.was improving D.will improve 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——我国在太空发展方面确实取得了巨大进步。——完全同意。近年来它进步很大。 考查动词时态。has improved现在完成时;would improve过去将来时;was improving过去进行时;will improve一般将来时。根据时间状语“in recent years”可知,此句用现在完成时。故选A。 15.(2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模)—What were you doing when I called you last night? —I ________ my homework and was going to bed. A.did B.was doing C.had done D.have done 【答案】C 【详解】句意   ——昨晚我给你打电话时你在做什么?   ——我已经做完作业,正要睡觉。 考查动词时态辨析。did做,一般过去时;was doing过去进行时;had done过去完成时;have done现在完成时。根据语境,“我” 在昨晚你打电话的时候已经做完作业准备睡觉了,“做作业” 这个动作发生在 “打电话” 之前,过去的过去用过去完成时,结构是 had + 过去分词,故选C。 1、 单项选择 1、(2025·上海金山·一模)In the past five years, our school library ________ a lot, besides having more books. A.change B.changes C.changed D.has changed 【答案】D 【详解】句意:在过去的五年里,我们学校的图书馆除了有更多的书外,还发生了很大的变化。 考查时态。根据“In the past five years”并结合语境可知,此处表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态,应用现在完成时。故选D。 2.(2025·安徽阜阳·一模)—I didn’t see you at the lantern fair yesterday afternoon. Where were you then? —I ________ lessons with my friend in the library. A.reviewed B.have reviewed C.was reviewing D.had reviewed 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——昨天下午在灯笼市场上我没有看到你,你在哪里呢?——我和我的朋友在图书馆复习功课。 考查时态。根据“Where were you then?”可知,这里指表示过去某个时间段正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时“was/were doing”,主语为I,be动词用was,故选C。 3. In 2024, Hefei’s quantum research center ________ a major breakthrough in secure communication technology. A.has achieved B.achieves C.achieved D.will achieve 【答案】C 【详解】句意:2024年,合肥量子研究中心在保密通信技术上实现重大突破。 考查一般过去时。空处位于主语Hefei’s quantum research center后,填动词作谓语。根据“In 2024”可知,此句时态为一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。achieve的过去式为achieved。故选C。 4.—Mike, you are late. The talk show ________ since an hour ago. —What a pity! No wonder all the students have left. A.has started B.has been on C.has ended D.has been over 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——Mike,你迟到了。脱口秀一小时前就结束了。——真遗憾!难怪所有学生都走了。 考查现在完成时。has started已经开始;has been on已经开始并持续;has ended已经结束;has been over已经结束。根据“What a pity! No wonder all the students have left.”可知学生们都离开了,脱口秀应是已经结束了,结合“since an hour ago”可知用持续性动词,此处用has been over。故选D。 5.—History as well as PE________ more and more important in middle school. —We should pay more attention to them. A.are becoming B.are getting C.is becoming D.is getting 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——历史和体育在中学变得越来越重要。——我们应该更加重视它们。 考查主谓一致和动词搭配。主语是“History as well as PE”,其中“as well as”连接两个名词时,谓语动词应与其前面的名词(History)保持一致,因此be动词用单数形式。“become important”和“get important”均可表示“变得重要”,但“become”更正式,更符合语境。故选C。 6.(2024·四川泸州·中考真题)—Hi, Ethan. I called you at 8:00 last night, but you didn’t answer. —Sorry, I ______ the dishes. A.wash B.washed C.am washing D.was washing 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——嗨,伊森。我昨晚8点给你打电话,但你没有接。——抱歉,我当时正在洗碗。 考查动词时态。根据“at 8:00 last night”可知,此处指昨晚8点打电话时伊森正在洗碗,过去某一时间点正在做某事,应用过去进行时。故选D。 7.(2025·江苏扬州·二模)While we ________ dinner, the power suddenly went out. A.were having B.had C.have D.are having 【答案】A 【详解】句意:当我们正在吃晚饭时,突然停电了。 考查动词时态。本句是while引导的时间状语从句,主句的动词(went out)是过去时,While常搭配进行时,强调两个过去动作同时发生,所以需用过去进行时(were having)表示“在过去的某一时刻正在发生”。故选A。 8.I didn’t sleep well. My daughter _______ TV all night. That was too noisy. A.watches B.has watched C.was watching D.will watch 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我睡得不好。我女儿整晚都在看电视。太吵了。 考查动词时态。根据“all night”可知,此处叙述的是过去某段时间正在发生或进行的动作,即女儿看电视的这个动作一整晚都在进行,应使用过去进行时was/were doing,故选C。 9.(2024·黑龙江·中考真题)—Lucy, where is Mr. Wang? —Hе ________ Beijing to attend a meeting. A.has gone to B.has been to C.has been in 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——露西,王先生在哪里?——他去北京参加会议了。 考查现在完成时。has gone to去了某地,还没回来;has been to去了某地,已经回来;has been in待在某地。分析句子可知,对话发生时王先生不在,可知他去北京还未回来,应用has gone to。故选A。 10.(2024·四川成都·中考真题)The astronauts of the Shenzhou-18 ________ in the Tiangong space station for about two months since they were sent into space in April this year. A.will work B.have worked C.is working 【答案】B 【详解】句意:神舟十八号航天员自今年4月发射升空以来,已在天宫空间站工作了约两个月。 考查动词时态。分析句子可知,此处是含since引导的时间状语从句的复合句,从句时态用一般过去时,主句时态应用现在完成时,结构是have/has done。故选B。 11.—Will you watch the movie with us tonight? —No, I ________ the film twice. A.will see B.have seen C.saw D.was seeing 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——今晚你愿意和我们一起看电影吗?——不,我已经看过这部电影两次了。 考查时态。根据“the film twice”可知,是表达已经看过两次,用现在完成时。故选B。 12.The students in our school ________ many trees already. A.plant B.planted C.have planted D.will plant 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我们学校的学生已经种了很多树。 考查动词时态辨析。根据句中“already”可知,句子时态为现在完成时,其结构为have/has+动词的过去分词,主语“The students”为复数,助动词用have,plant的过去分词为planted。故选C。 13.(2025·上海·模拟预测)Little John’s mother ________ for him for an hour when she saw him at the school gate. A.has waited B.had waited C.is waiting D.was waiting 【答案】B 【详解】句意:当小约翰的妈妈在学校门口看到他时,她已经等了他一个小时。 考查过去完成时。根据“Little John’s mother ... for him for an hour when she saw him at the school gate.”可知,约翰妈妈见到他,她已经等了一个小时。由此可知,“wait”持续到“she saw him”发生时,用过去完成时had done,表示从过去某一时间开始,持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。故选B。 14.I borrowed the book yesterday. I _______ it for a week. Next Monday is due. A.will keep B.have kept C.have borrowed 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我昨天借了这本书。我已经借了一个星期了。下周一是截止日期。 考查动词。keep保持,留下,是延续性动词;borrow借,是瞬间性动词。此处与时间段连用,用延续性动词,用现在完成时,故选B。 15.The old man ________ for ten years. A.died B.has died C.has been dead D.was dead 【答案】C 【详解】句意:这个老年人已经去世了十年了。 考查现在完成时。根据“for ten years”可知,表示一段时间,要用现在完成时,且动词要用延续性动词。die是短暂性动词,其延续性形式为be dead,所以用has been dead。故选C。 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1.(2025·江苏淮安·二模)There (be) great changes in Jiangsu Province over the past 30 years. 【答案】have been 【详解】句意:在过去的30年里,江苏省发生了巨大的变化。根据“over the past 30 years”可知,句子时态应用现在完成时。句子为there be句型的现在完成时结构,即 there have/has been。主语“great changes”是复数,因此助动词用have。故填have been。 2.(2025·西藏·模拟预测)Since he fell off the bike, John (lie) in bed for nearly a week. 【答案】has lain 【详解】句意:自从约翰从自行车上摔下来后,他已经躺在床上将近一个星期了。根据“Since he fell off the bike”可知,此处时态为现在完成时,主语是John,因此助动词用has,lie的过去分词是lain。故填has lain。 3.(2025·黑龙江佳木斯·二模)When seeing the girl yesterday, I just forgot when I (meet) her before. 【答案】had met 【详解】句意:昨天见到那个女孩时,我只是忘记了以前什么时候见过她。根据“When seeing the girl yesterday, I just forgot when I…her before.”可知,主句时态为一般过去时,提示词“meet”动作发生在“forgot”之前,从句时态应为过去完成时,其结构为:had done。meet“遇见”,其过去分词为“met”。故填had met。 4.(2025·江苏南京·二模)Plants (provide) great support for nature over millions of years. 【答案】have provided 【详解】句意:数百万年来,植物为自然界提供了巨大的支持。根据时间状语“over millions of years”可知,强调从过去持续到现在的动作,应用现在完成时,结构为“have/has + 过去分词”;主语“Plants”为复数名词,助动词用“have”,provide的过去分词为“provided”。故填have provided。 5.(2025·甘肃白银·三模)I have (be) a member of the art club since last September. 【答案】been 【详解】句意:自去年九月以来,我一直是艺术俱乐部的成员。根据“since last September”可知,这句话是现在完成时,表示“自从九月以来,我就是艺术俱乐部的成员”,表示动作或状态从过去持续到现在,结构为“have/has+过去分词”,be的过去分词形式是“been”,故填been。 6.(2025·江苏南京·一模)Life is a book and there are still many pages I (not read) yet. 【答案】haven’t read 【详解】句意:生活就像一本书,还有很多页我还未读完。根据“I...yet”可知,时态为现在完成时,结构为have/has + 过去分词,read”的过去分词仍为“read”,因为“未读完”这个动作还未完成,因此在助动词“have”后加“not”缩写为“haven’t”,主语为I,故填haven’t read。 7.(2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测)—Don’t make any noise. The baby is sleeping. —There is no need. He (wake) up. 【答案】has woken 【详解】句意:——别出声,宝宝正在睡觉呢。——没必要,他已经醒了。根据“There is no need. He...up.”可知,因为已经醒了,所以没必要避声了,用现在完成时,结构为have/has done,主语是He,助动词用has,故填has woken。 8.(2025·黑龙江牡丹江·二模)She hasn’t (eat) anything since morning. 【答案】eaten 【详解】句意:她从早上起就什么都没吃。根据“hasn’t”可知,句子时态为现在完成时,其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”。eat“吃”,动词,其过去分词形式为eaten。故填eaten。 9.(2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)Tom and his parents (have) supper when the phone rang. 【答案】were having 【详解】句意:汤姆和他的父母正在吃晚饭,这时电话铃响了。此处是含when引导的时间状语从句的复合句,从句动作发生时,主句动作正在进行。从句是一般过去时,主句应为过去进行时,结构是was/were doing。主语是复数,be动词用were。故填were having。 10.(2023·辽宁大连·中考真题)We decided to stay at home because it was heavily. (rain) 【答案】raining 【详解】句意:我们决定待在家里,因为雨正下得很大。根据“We decided to stay at home”及“was”可知because引导的原因状语从句应采用过去进行时,其谓语结构为:was/were+现在分词,动词rain的现在分词为raining。故填raining。 11.(2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测)I am very tired these days. I (prepare) for my mom’s birthday. 【答案】am preparing 【详解】句意:这些天我很累。我正在为妈妈的生日做准备。根据“I am very tired these days.”以及英文提示可知,“我”这些天一直处于很累的状态,原因是“我”正在为妈妈的生日做准备,强调动作正在进行,所以要用现在进行时。现在进行时的结构是“be + 动词的现在分词”,主语是“I”,be动词用am,prepare的现在分词是preparing。故填am preparing。 12.(2025·江苏无锡·二模)Be quiet! I (discuss) the details of the fashion show with Tony on the phone. 【答案】am discussing 【详解】句意:安静!我正在和Tony在电话里讨论时装秀的细节。根据语境“Be quiet!”和“on the phone”可知,此处强调动作正在进行,应使用现在进行时态(am/is/are + doing)。主语“I”对应be动词am,动词discuss的现在分词为discussing。故填am discussing。 13.(2025·云南·模拟预测)Many traditional crafts are slowly out without young people's involvement. (die) 【答案】dying 【详解】句意:由于没有年轻人的参与,许多传统手工艺正在慢慢消亡。空格处位于“are”后,结合“Look!”可知句子时态为现在进行时(am/is/are + 现在分词),表示正在发生的动作。“die out”为固定短语,意为“消亡;灭绝”,“die”的现在分词形式为“dying”。故填dying。 14.(2024·西藏·中考真题)I (read) stories to my sister while my mother was cooking. 【答案】was reading 【详解】句意:妈妈做饭的时候,我在给妹妹读书。根据“while my mother was cooking”可知,当while引导的时间状语从句强调两个动作同时进行,主从句都用进行时,结合was可知,此处是过去进行时,主语是I,was reading符合句意,故填was reading。 15.(2024·甘肃武威·一模)You arrived too late. They (leave) already. 【答案】had left 【详解】句意:你来得太晚了。他们已经离开了。根据arrived及already可知,时态为过去完成时,结构为had+done,leave的过去分词为left。故填had left。 三、语法填空 Ole is a student from Norway at East China Normal University. He first visited China in 2016, and since then, he 1 (develop) a deep interest in traditional Chinese culture. Recently, he and his team won the Shanghai International Students Dragon Boat Race. It was the team’s 2 (six) win in a row and his second time winning the first prize. “I was introduced to the dragon boat racing in the spring of 2023. My teacher noticed my strong arms and encouraged me 3 (try) it,” said Ole. When he 4 (ask) the secret of his success, he replied, “There is no ‘I’, 5 only ‘we’. My teammates are international students coming 6 different countries. Before we became the champions, we practiced rowing three times a week, trying to match the strokes (划桨动作) with drumbeat.” At first, we weren’t very good. We did not know 7 the problem was. However, with great efforts, we learned that teamwork is the key. Although we are culturally different, we are one team in the race. Before each race, the team would stand in 8 circle and cheer loudly. “Taking part in this sport, we realized the 9 (important) of cooperation (合作). We trained hard, and each stroke brings us closer to understanding the tradition of the Dragon Boat Festival,” said Ole 10 (proud). 【答案】 1.has developed 2.sixth 3.to try 4.was asked 5.but 6.from 7.what 8.a 9.importance 10.Proudly 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了挪威学生Ole在中国华东师范大学学习期间,和他的团队参加上海国际学生龙舟赛并获胜的经历,以及他们在训练和比赛过程中对团队合作和龙舟节传统的感悟。 1.句意:他在2016年首次访问中国,从那时起,他对中国传统文化产生了浓厚的兴趣。根据“since then”可知,句子时态为现在完成时,主语he是第三人称单数,所以用“has + 过去分词”结构,develop的过去分词是developed,意为“发展,开始产生”。故填has developed。 2.句意:这是该团队连续第六次获胜,也是他第二次获得一等奖。这里表示“第六次”,用序数词,six的序数词是sixth,故填sixth。 3.句意:我的老师注意到我强壮的手臂,鼓励我试一试。“encourage sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配,意为“鼓励某人做某事”,所以这里用动词不定式to try,故填to try。 4.句意:当他被问及成功的秘诀时,……。 根据语境,he和ask之间是被动关系,且事情发生在过去,所以用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were + 过去分词”,主语he是第三人称单数,所以用was asked,故填was asked。 5.句意:没有“我”,只有 “我们”。“There is no... but...”是固定表达,意为“没有…… 只有……”,故填but。 6.句意:我的队友是来自不同国家的国际学生。“come from”是固定短语,意为“来自……”,故填from。 7.句意:我们不知道问题是什么。这里是宾语从句,引导词在从句中作was的表语,表示“什么”,所以用what,故填what。 8.句意:每次比赛前,队员们都会站成一个圈,大声欢呼。“stand in a circle”是固定短语,意为“站成一个圈”,circle读音以辅音音素开头,所以用不定冠词a,故填a。 9.句意:通过参加这项运动,我们认识到了合作的重要性。根据空前的定冠词the可知,这里需要填名词,important的名词形式是importance,意为“重要性” ,故填importance。 10.句意:Ole自豪地说。这里修饰动词said,需要用副词形式,proud的副词形式是proudly,表示“骄傲地,自豪地”。故填proudly。 19 / 21 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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