专题04 八下核心语法复习四（时态综合一）-【暑假自学课】2025年新九年级英语暑假提升精品讲义（沪教牛津版）

专题04 八下核心语法复习四（时态综合一） （一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时） 内容导航 考点聚焦：核心考点+中考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：即学即练强化效果，能力提升 复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚焦 1、 一般现在时 一般现在时表示现在的状态或经常性、习惯性的动作，也可以表示主语具备的性格和能力。 ( 考点一 一般现在时谓语形式 ) (1)谓语动词是be型 句式 结构 示例 肯定句 主语+be动词(am/ is/are)+其他. I am a student. 我是一位学生。 否定句 主语+ be动词(am/is/are)+not +其他. I am not a student. 我不是一位学生。 疑问句 Be动词(Am/Is/ Are)+主语+其他? Are you a student? 你是学生吗？ 记忆口诀: 我(I)用am,你(you)用are, is连着他、她、它单数is, 复数are: 否定其后not加：疑问提前am、is、are。 知识拓展： 口语中常使用的缩略形式 I'm=I you're=you are he's=he is/has it's=it is/has aren't=are not isn't=is not that's=that is what's=what is who're=who are my name's=my name is (2)谓语动词是实义动词型 句式 结构 示例 肯定句 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数形式+其他. They take the bus to school every day. 他们每天都坐公共汽车去上学。 否定句 主语+do/does+not +词原形+其他. They do not/don’t take the bus to school every day. 他们不是每天坐公交车去上学。 一般疑问句 Do/Does +主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+ do./does. 否定回答:No,主语+ do/does not. —Do you take the bus to school every day? —Yes,they do.是的，他们坐公共汽车。/No, they don’t.不，他们不做公共汽车。 —Does he like ice-cream?他喜欢吃冰激凌吗? —Yes,he does./No,he doesn’t.是的，他喜欢。/不，他不喜欢。 ▲注意：当主语是第一、二人称(复数)和第三人称复数时，实义动词用原形；当主语是第三人称单数时，实义动词使用其第三人称单数形式。 ( 考点 二 一般现在时基本用法 ) 用法 示例 表示主语具备的特征、能力或状态等 Pandas are kind of interesting.熊猫有点有趣。 表示客观真理、科学事实或名言警句等 The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 表示经常性、习惯性或反复发生的动作或状态 I usually exercise from six fifteen to seven. 我通常从六点十五分锻炼到七点。 用在时间状语从句和if、unless、as soon as、when、once、until条件状语从句中(主将从现) I'll visit the Great Wall if it doesn't rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我将去游览长城。 表示按时间计划表将要发生的动作 The train leaves at eight in the morning. 这趟火车早上八点发车。 ( 考点 三 一般现在时的时间标志词 ) 常与一般现在时连用的状语： 频度副词:never、seldom、sometimes、often、usually、always等。 频率副词:once a week、twice a month、at weekends、on Sundays、every day等。 其他词组:on Monday、in the morning、every month等。 ( 考点 四 一般现在时的动词变化 ) 在一般情况下用动词原形，若主语为第三人称单数，一般在动词原形后加-s或-es。 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 直接加-s read→reads love→loves 以s，x，ch，sh结尾 加-es pass→passes box→boxes teach→teaches wash→washes 以辅音字母 + y结尾 将y变为i，再加-es carry→carries study→studies 不规则变化 have→has， be→am/is/are， go→goes，do→does 1．（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）Look! There ________ a notebook and three keys on the desk. A．is B．was C．are D．were 2．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）To make our hometown more beautiful, we _______ many trees and flowers every year. A．plant B．are planting C．planted D．were planting 4．（2024·河北·中考真题）Jenny is an early bird. She ________ at 6:00 in the morning. A．gets up B．got up C．will get up D．has got up 5．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）—Dear, I have an important meeting tomorrow. —It doesn’t matter. If you _______ go to the movie tomorrow, I _______ my friend to go with me. A．don’t; will ask B．won’t; will ask C．don’t; ask D．won’t; ask 6．（2024·内蒙古通辽·中考真题）千里之行，始于足下。 A thousand-mile journey the first step. 7．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）老师经常鼓励学生们相互紧密合作。 The teacher often each other. 8．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）万物靠太阳生长。 All living things the sun for their growth. 9．（2024·甘肃兰州·中考真题）I don’t have a volleyball, but my brother Jim (do). 10.（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）Every time we Chinese need help in a foreign country, at our back always (stand) a strong motherland. 二、 一般过去时 一般过去时主要表示过去某一时间或某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，及过去经常或反复发生的动作。 ( 考点 一 一般过去时的谓语结构和句型 ) 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 ①主语+was/were+其他. ②主语+动词的过去式+其他. I was lucky to have such a kind friend. 我很幸运拥有这么善良的朋友。 Bob wanted to go to Shanghai last year. 鲍勃去年想去上海。 否定句 ①主语+was/were+not+其他. ②主语+did not/didn't+动词原形+其他. My school trip was not/wasn’t excellent. 你的学校旅行并不是很好。 We didn't agree with you. 我们不同意你的观点。 一般疑问句 ①Was/Were+主语+其他.? 肯定回答:Yes,+主语+was/were. 否定回答:No,+主语+was/were not. —Was your school trip excellent? 你的学校旅行好吗？ —Yes,it was./No,it wasn’t.是的，它很好。/不，它并不是很好。 ②Did+主语+动词原形+其他.? 肯定回答:Yes,+主语+did. 否定回答:No,+主语+did not./didn’t. Did he invite you to his party? 他邀请你参加他的聚会了吗? Yes,he did./No,he didn’t.是的，他邀请了。/不，他没有邀请。 ( 考点 二 动词过去式的变化规则 ) 规则变化 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 加-ed wash→washed help→helped 以不发音的字母e结尾 加-d hope→hoped like→liked 以辅音字母 + y结尾 变y为i，再加-ed carry→carried study→studied 结尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节 双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed stop→stopped plan→planned （不规则变化参考教材书上的动词不规则变化表） ( 考点 三 一般过去时的具体用法 ) 用法 例词 表示过去某具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 I went to the film museum last weekend. 上周末我去了电影博物馆。 与always、usually often、sometimes、never、once a week等表示频度的副词或短语连用时，表示过去一段时间经常或反复发生的动作以及过去的习惯动作。 His grandpa always went fishing last year. 去年他爷爷总是去钓鱼。 用于since、before、by the time引导的时间状语从句中。 You have been at his bedside since he became ill. 自从他生病，你一直守在他的床边。 在时间和条件状语从句中代替过去将来时。 He said that he would give her the book if he saw her. 他说如果他看到她，他将把这本书还给她。 叙述发生在过去，但无过去具体时间的动作或状态。 I left my bag at home.May I borrow yours? 我把包落在家里了。我可以借你的(包)吗? “used to+动词原形”也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作 The river used to be clean. 这条河以前是干净的。 ( 考点 四 一般过去时的时间标志词 ) 表示过去某具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常见的标志词语有： 1.具体时间词：yesterday、the day before yesterday等； 2.last+时间名词(last year、last week、last month等); 3.时间段+ago(two weeks ago等)：three hours ago, five days ago... 4.in+过去的年份或月份：in 2001,in 2024... ( 考点 五 一般过去时的易错点 )5.just now、once upon a time等。 ①、含有be 动词的肯定句，变否定句或疑问句时，在be动词上变化。没有be 动词时，用助动词did 来帮助。 ②、在中考英语中，一般过去时表示过去经常重复的动作时，即使有often或always等状语，也要用一般过去时态。 1. I often played basketball after school last year.去年我经常放学后打篮球。 2. She always did her homework before dinner when she was a child.她小时候总是在晚饭前做作业。 1．（2024·北京·中考真题）—What did you do last Saturday, Tina? —I ________ to the nursing home and worked as a volunteer there. A．go B．went C．will go D．was going 2．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）In China, hotpot has a history of over 1,000 years. It first ________ in the Mongolia area, and then became popular in the southern part of China. A．has appeared B．appears C．will appear D．appeared 3．（2025·广东汕头·二模）—Look at the sign “No shouting”. —Sorry. I ________ it. I will not shout any longer. A．didn’t see B．don’t see C．haven’t seen D．wasn’t seeing 4．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）He ________ to school by bike, but now he ________ to school on foot. A．used to go; is used to go B．used to go; is used to going C．is used to go; used to go D．is used to going; used to go 4．（2024·云南昆明·一模）There ________ few trees on both sides of the road, but now we can see many jacaranda (蓝花楹) trees around. A．used to be B．used to have C．usedn’t to be D．usedn’t to have 5．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）Elena the novel she was reading on the desk and looked out the window. (drop) 6．（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）On April 26, three astronauts from Shenzhou-18 (succeed) in entering the space station and met the astronauts in Shenzhou-17. 7．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）He (prefer) country music to pop music when he was young. 8．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）We (visit) the Great Wall last summer vacation. 9．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Last year, my brother (finish) high school and we went camping by a lake. 10.（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）神舟十七号航天员乘组于2024年5月1日平安抵京。 The Shenzhou-17 astronaut crew Beijing safely on May 1st, 2024. 三、 一般将来时 一般将来时主要表示将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示将来某一时间内经常或反复发生或存在的状态。 ( 考点 一 一般将来时的谓语结构 ) 句式 结构 示例 肯定句 主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他. They will go to Beijing next week. 他们下周将要去北京。 主语+be(am/is/are)going to+动词原形+其他. The painting is so beautiful,so I'm going to hang it on the wall. 这幅画很好看，所以我打算将它挂在墙上。 否定句 主语+will/shall+not +动词原形+其他. I think pollution won't be a problem in 2040. 我认为在2040年污染不会是一个问题。 主语+be(am/is/are) not going to+动词原形+其他. We are not going to take singing lessons. 我们将不上声乐课。 一般疑问句 —Will/Shall+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+will. 否定回答:No,主语+won't. —Will you visit the museum tomorrow? 你明天会去参观博物馆吗？ 肯定回答: Yes, I will.是的，我会。 否定回答: No, I won't.不，我不会。 Be(Am/Is/Are)+主语+going to+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+be. 否定回答:No,主语+be +not. Are you going to study abroad next year? 你明年打算出国留学吗？ 肯定回答: Yes, I am.是的，我打算。 否定回答: No, I'm not.不，我不打算。 ( 考点 五 动词原形变现在分词（V-ing）规则 ) （1）直接在动词词尾加ing； 如: go→going, carry→carrying, play→playing等 （2）以不发音的e结尾的，去e加ing； 如: give→giving, make→making, live→living等 （3）以重读闭音节结尾的辅元辅结构双写词尾字母加ing, 初中阶段常见的单词有put, begin, run, sit, get, swim, forget, stop, shop, let, plan, hit, cut,chat等； 如: put→putting, swim→swimming, plan→planning （4）以ie结尾的，把ie变y加ing 如: lie→lying（说谎），tie→tying（系），die→dying（死） ( 考点 三 一般将来时的具体用法 ) 结构 用法 例句 will / shall +动词原形 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。shall只用于第一人称,will可用于各种人称。 We shall have a lot of rain next month. 下个月将下很多雨。 I will give my mother a special gift tomorrow. 明天我要给妈妈一份特别的礼物。 “will+动词原形”表示某种必然的趋势。 Fish will die without water. 鱼没有水会死。 be going to+动词原形 表示主观计划、打算或安排要做某事，或表示现在已有迹象表明将要发生某种情况。 We're going to meet outside the school gate. 我们打算在校门口见面。 be to+动词原形 表示按计划、安排、约定、职责、义务必须要做的事或即将发生的动作。 He is to leave for Beijing tomorrow. 他决定明天去北京。 be about to+动词原形 be about to do表示正要或即将发生的动作，不强调主观。一般不能与具体的时间状语连用。 The plane is about to take off. 飞机就要起飞了。 be to do+动词原形 be be to do表示计划中约定的或按职责、义务和要求必须去做的事或即将发生的动作。 Mary is to visit Chengdu in June. 玛丽六月要去成都。 注意：be going to do与 “will+动词原形”表将来的区别 1.be going to do往往表示事先经过考虑或做好安排。 I am going to visit my grandparents next week.下周我打算去看望我的祖父母。 2.“will+动词原形”则可表示在说话时才做出的决定，即临时做出决定。 —He is not in his office at the moment.他这会儿不在他的办公室。 —All right.I will call him later.好吧。我随后给他打电话。 （这些规则并不是绝对的，有时两者可以互换使用，根据语境和说话者的意图来决定使用哪种形式。） ( 考点 四 一般将来时的时间标志词 ) 1.具体时间词：tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,this afternoon... 2. next+时间词：next week,next month,next year,next time... 3.in+一段时间：in three days,in two months... 4.in+将来的时间词：in 2040, in 2050... ( 考点 五 There be句型的一般将来时 )⑤其他：some day,before long, Soon... 一、there be结构的一般将来时 1.含义:there will be表示某地将存在某人或某物,有时可与there is/are going to be相互转换。 2.there will be结构的三种句式 ①肯定句:There will be+主语+其他. ②否定句:There won't be+主语+其他. ③一般疑问句:Will there be+主语+其他? 答语:Yes，there will./No,there won't. 二、易错点：there will be和there is going to be表将来的区别 表示某地将存在某人或某物，两者有时可以互换。此句型中不能出现表示拥有关系的have或has。 There will be a meeting tomorrow.明天将有一个会议。 There is going to be a basketball match next week.下周将有一场篮球比赛。 1．（2024·天津·中考真题）— Jane and I _________ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us? — Sure. See you then. A．had B．have had C．were having D．are going to have 2．（2024·河北·中考真题）I’m expecting a friend. I’m afraid I ________ later. A．order B．ordered C．was ordering D．will order 3．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）—Oh, no! Your brother left his umbrella at home. There ________ heavy rain this afternoon. —Don’t worry, Mom. I’ll bring it to him. A．was B．has been C．are D．will be 4．（2025·云南·模拟预测）________ a new library built in our community next year. A．There is B．There was C．There will be D．There are 5．（2025·云南昆明·三模）Mother’s Day is coming. They ________ a gift for their mother. A．buy B．have bought C．are going to buy D．were buying 6．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）If you are lazy in spring, you ________ nothing in autumn. A．harvested B．will harvest C．are harvesting D．have harvested 7.（2024·上海·模拟预测）These guides and resources will help you succeed in your final year. (对划线部分提问) these guides and resources help you succeed? 8．（2024·甘肃兰州·中考真题）I wonder if they’ll (have) the races again next year. 4、 ( 考点 一 过去将来时定义 )过去将来时 表示从过去的某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。 She said she would retire the next year.她说她明年就退休了。 ( 考点 二 过去将来时谓语结构 )I wondered what my son would say the next moment.我想知道儿子接下来会说什么。 ①would do/ would be She said she would attend the meeting tomorrow. 她说她明天会去开会。 ②三种表示过去将来时的特殊结构：was/were going to＋动词原形；was/were to＋动词原形；was/were about to＋动词原形。 was/were going to＋动词原形表示过去打算或计划将要做某事。 He told me he was going to get married the next week.他告诉我他打算下周结婚。 was/were about to＋动词原形表示过去即将要发生的动作。常构成句型was/were about to do...when... We were about to leave when a big noise came from the next room. 我们正要离开，隔壁房间突然发出了巨大的响声。 1．（2024·甘肃武威·二模）He was about _________ the door when an idea came into his mind. A．shut B．shutting C．to shut D．to shutting 2．（2025·广东汕头·二模）Before going shopping, Mrs. Depp listed ________ for the next week on a piece of paper. A．what she would need B．what would she need C．what she will need D．what will she need 3．（2024·江苏无锡·二模）—Dave, don’t stay up too late! You need to get up early tomorrow morning. —OK, Mum. I thought I (finish) all my homework within two hours. 4．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）Our group leader told me we (have) a further discussion as soon as we finished reading the book. 5．（2024·广东广州·二模）我问妈妈是否愿意和我一起去看这部电影。 I asked my mother to see the film with me. 一、单项选择 1．（2024·江苏常州·三模）—Hello, is that Jim speaking? This is Peter speaking. —Sorry. Jim ________ for the station to meet his father. His train ________ at 2: 30 p.m. A．will leave; will arrive B．leaves; was arriving C．is leaving; was arriving D．is leaving; arrives 2．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）My grandparents used to _______ in the countryside, but now they are used to _______ in the city. A．live; live B．live; living C．living; live D．living; living 4．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）The children ________ to the zoo if it ________ tomorrow. A．will go; won’t rain B．go; doesn’t rain C．will go; doesn’t rain D．go; won’t rain 5．Your uncle _________ to see you as soon as he _________here. A．comes; arrives B．will come; arrives C．will come; will arrive D．comes; will arrive 6．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）—Jack, when ________ you ________ this novel? —I have had it for five months. A．have; bought B．have; had C．did; buy 7．Lucy ________ depend on her mom, but now she is old enough to live by herself. A．used to B．is used to C．is used for D．is used by 8.—Didn’t you hear the serious storm happening outside last night? —I certainly heard it. As the sun ________, the wind ________. A．rose; died down B．raised; was dying down C．rose; dead down 9.—Has your sister come back from Yunnan? —Yes. She ________ there for two months to help training teachers in the countryside. A．stays B．stayed C．has stayed D．will stay 10.The palace caught fires three times in the last century and little of the original buildings ________ now. A．is remaining B．is remained C．remains D．has been remained 11.There ________ a basketball match the day after tomorrow. A．will be B．is going to have C．will have D．are going to be 12.We’re not sure if it ________ tomorrow. If it ________ tomorrow, we will go hiking. A．will rain; doesn’t rain B．will rain; rains C．rains; rains D．rains; will rain 13.Could you tell me ________ a football match in the Moonlight Sports Center tomorrow? A．whether there is going to be B．whether there is going to have C．if there was going to be D．if is there going to be 14. My mum is cooking fish. It ________ so nice. A．smells B．is smelling C．smelt D．smell 15．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Linda prefers musicians who ________ different kinds of music. A．play B．plays C．was playing D．is playing 二、完成句子 1．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）Linda used to be a dancer. （改为一般疑问句） Linda to be a dancer? 2．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）木兰女扮男装，替父从军。 Mulan dressed up like a boy and her father’s to fight in the army. 3．（2024·上海静安·二模）“I will design a poster for our own clothing store,” said the shop owner. （改为间接引语） The shop owner said that he a poster for their clothing store. 4.（2024·甘肃甘南·中考真题）他在沙发上躺下，很快就睡着了。 He on the sofa and soon fell asleep. 5.（2024·广东广州·二模）现如今，学生们到毕业了才意识到校园生活的好处。 Nowadays, students the benefits of school life they graduate. 1（2024·江苏泰州·一模）Look at the timetable. The flight to Shanghai ________ at 10 o’clock. That’s to say, he’s leaving in two hours. A．left B．is leaving C．leaves D．has left 2．（2025·四川广元·模拟预测）—Have you heard of the popular personality test called MBTI, Millie? Would you like to have a try? —Oh, sounds interesting. I will try as soon as I ________ my homework. A．finish B．finished C．will finish D．am finishing 3．（2025·云南昆明·三模）—________ more time for the students to rest and relax in the future? —Yes! To start with, their break time between classes is longer now. A．Is there B．Are there C．Will there be D．Will there have 4．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）The teachers used to ________ key points on the blackboard, but now they are getting used to ________ them through PPTs. A．write; showing B．writing; show C．write; show D．writing; showing 5．（2024·西藏·中考真题）He ________ have breakfast because he woke up late this morning. A．does B．did C．doesn’t D．didn’t 6．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）As we all know, the Yangtze River ________ as a “mother river” of the Chinese nation. A．knows B．knew C．is known D．was known 7．（2024·北京·中考真题）A lot of people in China ________ by high-speed train every year. A．travel B．traveled C．will travel D．have traveled 8.What ________ you going to ________ when you grow up? A．are; are B．are; do C．do; do D．do; be 9.David has worked here for 10 years since he ________ from university. A．graduates B．graduated C．has graduated D．will graduate 10.What time ________ Lucy usually ________ home on school days? A．does, getting B．is, get C．does, get D．is, getting. 2、 用所给词的正确形式填空。 1.Tom with his parents often ______ (fly) kites in the park on Sundays. 2．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Education (keep) your choice open. 3．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）Yesterday, we (work) out the problem with our teacher’s help. 4．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Last year, my brother (finish) high school and we went camping by a lake. 5．（2024·内蒙古包头·中考真题）—What time does John usually have breakfast on school days? —He usually breakfast at 7 o’clock. (have) 6．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Some people believe robots (take) most jobs away from humans in the future. 7．（2024·江苏无锡·模拟预测）The company expected that ChatGPT (change) the way people work and live. 8．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）The manager promised that he (improve) their work according to the customers’ needs. 9．（2025·辽宁营口·二模）I will tell you as soon as he (come). 10．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）Last term, Mr Liu (teach) us English for three months. 11．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）My parents often (courage) me to take up some hobbies in my spare time when I was young. 12．（2025·江苏无锡·三模）The astronauts of Shenzhou-20 (stay) in space for three months and did many experiments. 13. Danny says he ______ (not want) a new computer. 14.Everyone in my class often ________ (study) late at night. 15.Miss White ________ (teach) us history and we all like her. 三、语法填空 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 Guyu, or Grain Rain, is the sixth solar term in the traditional Chinese lunar calendar. It usually arrives around April 19—21. The weather becomes warmer and the rainfall increases rapidly. This marks the end of cold weather and the beginning of a 1 (rain) season. Farmers are busy growing rice, wheat and other crops, in the hope that they 2 (achieve) a successful harvest in the coming autumn. Besides agriculture, Grain Rain is also of cultural importance to Chinese people. The Grain Rain Festival is celebrated in fishing villages across the coastal areas of eastern China. Grain Rain marks the start of the 3 (fisherman) first long journey of the year. The custom dates back to more than 2,000 years ago, when people believed the gods protected them from stormy seas. People would worship (敬奉) the sea 4 the Grain Rain Festival, hoping for a good harvest and the 5 (safe) of their loved ones. In southern China, people usually drink tea. Spring tea during Grain Rain is rich in vitamins and amino acids (氨基酸) which helps to take heat away 6 the body and are good for the eyes. Drinking tea on this day is said to help avoid bad luck. People in northern China usually eat Chinese toon, which is a vegetable with lots of 7 (leaf). The vegetable has a fresh and special taste. It is good for the stomach and skin. It can help to make our bodies 8 (health) and stronger. Around Guyu, the peony produces flowers. The peony is known 9 the “Queen of All Flowers” in Chinese culture. Many people go out 10 (enjoy) the local peonies. In Shandong, Henan and Sichuan, there are even festivals to appreciate the beauty of the peony. 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 八下核心语法复习四（时态综合一） （一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时） 内容导航 考点聚焦：核心考点+中考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：即学即练强化效果，能力提升 复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚焦 1、 一般现在时 一般现在时表示现在的状态或经常性、习惯性的动作，也可以表示主语具备的性格和能力。 ( 考点一 一般现在时谓语形式 ) (1)谓语动词是be型 句式 结构 示例 肯定句 主语+be动词(am/ is/are)+其他. I am a student. 我是一位学生。 否定句 主语+ be动词(am/is/are)+not +其他. I am not a student. 我不是一位学生。 疑问句 Be动词(Am/Is/ Are)+主语+其他? Are you a student? 你是学生吗？ 记忆口诀: 我(I)用am,你(you)用are, is连着他、她、它单数is, 复数are: 否定其后not加：疑问提前am、is、are。 知识拓展： 口语中常使用的缩略形式 I'm=I you're=you are he's=he is/has it's=it is/has aren't=are not isn't=is not that's=that is what's=what is who're=who are my name's=my name is (2)谓语动词是实义动词型 句式 结构 示例 肯定句 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数形式+其他. They take the bus to school every day. 他们每天都坐公共汽车去上学。 否定句 主语+do/does+not +词原形+其他. They do not/don’t take the bus to school every day. 他们不是每天坐公交车去上学。 一般疑问句 Do/Does +主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+ do./does. 否定回答:No,主语+ do/does not. —Do you take the bus to school every day? —Yes,they do.是的，他们坐公共汽车。/No, they don’t.不，他们不做公共汽车。 —Does he like ice-cream?他喜欢吃冰激凌吗? —Yes,he does./No,he doesn’t.是的，他喜欢。/不，他不喜欢。 ▲注意：当主语是第一、二人称(复数)和第三人称复数时，实义动词用原形；当主语是第三人称单数时，实义动词使用其第三人称单数形式。 ( 考点 二 一般现在时基本用法 ) 用法 示例 表示主语具备的特征、能力或状态等 Pandas are kind of interesting.熊猫有点有趣。 表示客观真理、科学事实或名言警句等 The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 表示经常性、习惯性或反复发生的动作或状态 I usually exercise from six fifteen to seven. 我通常从六点十五分锻炼到七点。 用在时间状语从句和if、unless、as soon as、when、once、until条件状语从句中(主将从现) I'll visit the Great Wall if it doesn't rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我将去游览长城。 表示按时间计划表将要发生的动作 The train leaves at eight in the morning. 这趟火车早上八点发车。 ( 考点 三 一般现在时的时间标志词 ) 常与一般现在时连用的状语： 频度副词:never、seldom、sometimes、often、usually、always等。 频率副词:once a week、twice a month、at weekends、on Sundays、every day等。 其他词组:on Monday、in the morning、every month等。 ( 考点 四 一般现在时的动词变化 ) 在一般情况下用动词原形，若主语为第三人称单数，一般在动词原形后加-s或-es。 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 直接加-s read→reads love→loves 以s，x，ch，sh结尾 加-es pass→passes box→boxes teach→teaches wash→washes 以辅音字母 + y结尾 将y变为i，再加-es carry→carries study→studies 不规则变化 have→has， be→am/is/are， go→goes，do→does 1．（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）Look! There ________ a notebook and three keys on the desk. A．is B．was C．are D．were 【答案】A 【详解】句意：看！桌子上有一个笔记本和三把钥匙。 考查there be和时态。根据“Look!”可知，句子是一般现在时；there be遵循就近原则，离be动词最近的主语是a notebook，应用is。故选A。 2．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）To make our hometown more beautiful, we _______ many trees and flowers every year. A．plant B．are planting C．planted D．were planting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了使我们的家乡更美丽，我们每年都种很多树和花。 考查时态。根据“every year”可知，是一般现在时，主语是we，动词用原形，故选A。 4．（2024·河北·中考真题）Jenny is an early bird. She ________ at 6:00 in the morning. A．gets up B．got up C．will get up D．has got up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：珍妮是个早起的人。她早上6点起床。 考查时态。根据“She ... at 6:00 in the morning.”可知，强调经常性动作，用一般现在时，故选A。 5．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）—Dear, I have an important meeting tomorrow. —It doesn’t matter. If you _______ go to the movie tomorrow, I _______ my friend to go with me. A．don’t; will ask B．won’t; will ask C．don’t; ask D．won’t; ask 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析: 句意：亲爱的，明天我有个重要的会议。没关系，如果明天你不能去看电影，我就邀请我的朋友和我一起去。此题考查if引导的条件状语从句，主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时；故选A。 6．（2024·内蒙古通辽·中考真题）千里之行，始于足下。 A thousand-mile journey the first step. 【答案】 begins with 【详解】对比中英文句子可知，动词短语begin with“开始于……”符合句意。本句描述的是真理，时态要用一般现在时，主语A thousand-mile journey为单数第三人称，动词要用三单形式。故填begins；with。 7．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）老师经常鼓励学生们相互紧密合作。 The teacher often each other. 【答案】encourages students to work closely with 【详解】encourage sb. do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，由“often”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语“The teacher”为第三人称单数，谓语动词要用三单；students“学生们”，作encourage的宾语；work with sb.“与某人合作/工作”，动词短语；closely“紧密地”，副词修饰动词work。故填encourages students to work closely with。 8．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）万物靠太阳生长。 All living things the sun for their growth. 【答案】depend on 【详解】根据题意，横线上应该填“依靠”，即短语“depend on”。所谈论的事情为一般真理，用一般现在时，主语为“all living things”，谓语动词用原形。故填depend on。 9．（2024·甘肃兰州·中考真题）I don’t have a volleyball, but my brother Jim (do). 【答案】does 【详解】句意：我没有排球，但我弟弟吉姆有。此处用do代替实义动词have。结合“don’t”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语my brother是第三人称单数，故用does。故填does。 10.（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）Every time we Chinese need help in a foreign country, at our back always (stand) a strong motherland. 【答案】stands 【详解】句意：每当我们中国人在国外需要帮助的时候，我们的背后都有一个强大的祖国。根据题意可知此处是倒装句，主语是a strong motherland，这里是一般现在时态，谓语动词变第三人称单数，stand是动词，表示站立，故填stands。 二、 一般过去时 一般过去时主要表示过去某一时间或某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，及过去经常或反复发生的动作。 ( 考点 一 一般过去时的谓语结构和句型 ) 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 ①主语+was/were+其他. ②主语+动词的过去式+其他. I was lucky to have such a kind friend. 我很幸运拥有这么善良的朋友。 Bob wanted to go to Shanghai last year. 鲍勃去年想去上海。 否定句 ①主语+was/were+not+其他. ②主语+did not/didn't+动词原形+其他. My school trip was not/wasn’t excellent. 你的学校旅行并不是很好。 We didn't agree with you. 我们不同意你的观点。 一般疑问句 ①Was/Were+主语+其他.? 肯定回答:Yes,+主语+was/were. 否定回答:No,+主语+was/were not. —Was your school trip excellent? 你的学校旅行好吗？ —Yes,it was./No,it wasn’t.是的，它很好。/不，它并不是很好。 ②Did+主语+动词原形+其他.? 肯定回答:Yes,+主语+did. 否定回答:No,+主语+did not./didn’t. Did he invite you to his party? 他邀请你参加他的聚会了吗? Yes,he did./No,he didn’t.是的，他邀请了。/不，他没有邀请。 ( 考点 二 动词过去式的变化规则 ) 规则变化 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 加-ed wash→washed help→helped 以不发音的字母e结尾 加-d hope→hoped like→liked 以辅音字母 + y结尾 变y为i，再加-ed carry→carried study→studied 结尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节 双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed stop→stopped plan→planned （不规则变化参考教材书上的动词不规则变化表） ( 考点 三 一般过去时的具体用法 ) 用法 例词 表示过去某具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 I went to the film museum last weekend. 上周末我去了电影博物馆。 与always、usually often、sometimes、never、once a week等表示频度的副词或短语连用时，表示过去一段时间经常或反复发生的动作以及过去的习惯动作。 His grandpa always went fishing last year. 去年他爷爷总是去钓鱼。 用于since、before、by the time引导的时间状语从句中。 You have been at his bedside since he became ill. 自从他生病，你一直守在他的床边。 在时间和条件状语从句中代替过去将来时。 He said that he would give her the book if he saw her. 他说如果他看到她，他将把这本书还给她。 叙述发生在过去，但无过去具体时间的动作或状态。 I left my bag at home.May I borrow yours? 我把包落在家里了。我可以借你的(包)吗? “used to+动词原形”也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作 The river used to be clean. 这条河以前是干净的。 ( 考点 四 一般过去时的时间标志词 ) 表示过去某具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常见的标志词语有： 1.具体时间词：yesterday、the day before yesterday等； 2.last+时间名词(last year、last week、last month等); 3.时间段+ago(two weeks ago等)：three hours ago, five days ago... 4.in+过去的年份或月份：in 2001,in 2024... ( 考点 五 一般过去时的易错点 )5.just now、once upon a time等。 ①、含有be 动词的肯定句，变否定句或疑问句时，在be动词上变化。没有be 动词时，用助动词did 来帮助。 ②、在中考英语中，一般过去时表示过去经常重复的动作时，即使有often或always等状语，也要用一般过去时态。 1. I often played basketball after school last year.去年我经常放学后打篮球。 2. She always did her homework before dinner when she was a child.她小时候总是在晚饭前做作业。 1．（2024·北京·中考真题）—What did you do last Saturday, Tina? —I ________ to the nursing home and worked as a volunteer there. A．go B．went C．will go D．was going 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——蒂娜，你上周六做了什么？——我去了养老院，在那里做志愿者。 考查动词的时态。根据“last Saturday”可知，句子使用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选B。 2．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）In China, hotpot has a history of over 1,000 years. It first ________ in the Mongolia area, and then became popular in the southern part of China. A．has appeared B．appears C．will appear D．appeared 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在中国，火锅已有1000多年的历史。它首先出现在蒙古地区，然后在中国南方流行起来。 考查时态。根据“It first...in the Mongolia area”可知动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选D。 3．（2025·广东汕头·二模）—Look at the sign “No shouting”. —Sorry. I ________ it. I will not shout any longer. A．didn’t see B．don’t see C．haven’t seen D．wasn’t seeing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——看那个“不许喊叫”的标志。——对不起，我没看到。我不会再大声喊叫了。 考查动词时态。根据“Sorry”和“will not shout”可知，说话人是在道歉并承诺不再大声喊叫，表明说话人刚才没看到这个标志，属于对过去事实的陈述，应用一般过去时。故选A。 4．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）He ________ to school by bike, but now he ________ to school on foot. A．used to go; is used to go B．used to go; is used to going C．is used to go; used to go D．is used to going; used to go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他过去骑自行车上学，但现在他习惯了步行上学。 考查动词短语。used to do sth过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth习惯做某事。根据“He…to school by bike”可知，第一空表示过去的习惯，填used to go；根据“but now he…to school on foot.”可知，第二空表示现在的习惯，为一般现在时，主语是“he”，动词填三单形式，第二空填is used to going。故选B。 4．（2024·云南昆明·一模）There ________ few trees on both sides of the road, but now we can see many jacaranda (蓝花楹) trees around. A．used to be B．used to have C．usedn’t to be D．usedn’t to have 【答案】A 【详解】句意：过去道路两旁树木很少，但现在我们可以看到周围有许多蓝花楹树。 考查there be和used to的用法。根据“There ... few trees on both sides of the road”可知，此句是there be句型，不与have连用，排除B、D选项；再根据“but now we can see many jacaranda (蓝花楹) trees around”可知，现在有许多蓝花楹树，说明过去道路两边树很少，few本身表达否定含义，故此处不用否定结构，排除C选项。故选A。 5．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）Elena the novel she was reading on the desk and looked out the window. (drop) 【答案】dropped 【详解】句意：埃琳娜把正在读的小说扔在桌子上，望向窗外。drop“使落下”，动词。根据“and looked”可知，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填dropped。 6．（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）On April 26, three astronauts from Shenzhou-18 (succeed) in entering the space station and met the astronauts in Shenzhou-17. 【答案】succeeded 【详解】句意：4月26日，神舟18号上的三名宇航员成功进入空间站，与神舟17号上的宇航员会合。根据“On April 26”可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填succeeded。 7．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）He (prefer) country music to pop music when he was young. 【答案】preferred 【详解】句意：他年轻时，比起流行音乐，他更喜欢乡村音乐。根据was可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填preferred。 8．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）We (visit) the Great Wall last summer vacation. 【答案】visited 【详解】句意：我们去年暑假参观了长城。visit“参观”，动词。根据“last summer vacation”可知，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填visited。 9．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Last year, my brother (finish) high school and we went camping by a lake. 【答案】finished 【详解】句意：去年，我哥哥高中毕业了，我们去湖边露营。句子时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，finished符合句意，故填finished。 10.（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）神舟十七号航天员乘组于2024年5月1日平安抵京。 The Shenzhou-17 astronaut crew Beijing safely on May 1st, 2024. 【答案】 arrived/got in/to 【详解】“Beijing”是大地点，用arrive in/get to表示“到达”，根据“on May 1st, 2024”可知，动词用过去式，故填arrived/got；in/to。 三、 一般将来时 一般将来时主要表示将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示将来某一时间内经常或反复发生或存在的状态。 ( 考点 一 一般将来时的谓语结构 ) 句式 结构 示例 肯定句 主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他. They will go to Beijing next week. 他们下周将要去北京。 主语+be(am/is/are)going to+动词原形+其他. The painting is so beautiful,so I'm going to hang it on the wall. 这幅画很好看，所以我打算将它挂在墙上。 否定句 主语+will/shall+not +动词原形+其他. I think pollution won't be a problem in 2040. 我认为在2040年污染不会是一个问题。 主语+be(am/is/are) not going to+动词原形+其他. We are not going to take singing lessons. 我们将不上声乐课。 一般疑问句 —Will/Shall+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+will. 否定回答:No,主语+won't. —Will you visit the museum tomorrow? 你明天会去参观博物馆吗？ 肯定回答: Yes, I will.是的，我会。 否定回答: No, I won't.不，我不会。 Be(Am/Is/Are)+主语+going to+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+be. 否定回答:No,主语+be +not. Are you going to study abroad next year? 你明年打算出国留学吗？ 肯定回答: Yes, I am.是的，我打算。 否定回答: No, I'm not.不，我不打算。 ( 考点 五 动词原形变现在分词（V-ing）规则 ) （1）直接在动词词尾加ing； 如: go→going, carry→carrying, play→playing等 （2）以不发音的e结尾的，去e加ing； 如: give→giving, make→making, live→living等 （3）以重读闭音节结尾的辅元辅结构双写词尾字母加ing, 初中阶段常见的单词有put, begin, run, sit, get, swim, forget, stop, shop, let, plan, hit, cut,chat等； 如: put→putting, swim→swimming, plan→planning （4）以ie结尾的，把ie变y加ing 如: lie→lying（说谎），tie→tying（系），die→dying（死） ( 考点 三 一般将来时的具体用法 ) 结构 用法 例句 will / shall +动词原形 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。shall只用于第一人称,will可用于各种人称。 We shall have a lot of rain next month. 下个月将下很多雨。 I will give my mother a special gift tomorrow. 明天我要给妈妈一份特别的礼物。 “will+动词原形”表示某种必然的趋势。 Fish will die without water. 鱼没有水会死。 be going to+动词原形 表示主观计划、打算或安排要做某事，或表示现在已有迹象表明将要发生某种情况。 We're going to meet outside the school gate. 我们打算在校门口见面。 be to+动词原形 表示按计划、安排、约定、职责、义务必须要做的事或即将发生的动作。 He is to leave for Beijing tomorrow. 他决定明天去北京。 be about to+动词原形 be about to do表示正要或即将发生的动作，不强调主观。一般不能与具体的时间状语连用。 The plane is about to take off. 飞机就要起飞了。 be to do+动词原形 be be to do表示计划中约定的或按职责、义务和要求必须去做的事或即将发生的动作。 Mary is to visit Chengdu in June. 玛丽六月要去成都。 注意：be going to do与 “will+动词原形”表将来的区别 1.be going to do往往表示事先经过考虑或做好安排。 I am going to visit my grandparents next week.下周我打算去看望我的祖父母。 2.“will+动词原形”则可表示在说话时才做出的决定，即临时做出决定。 —He is not in his office at the moment.他这会儿不在他的办公室。 —All right.I will call him later.好吧。我随后给他打电话。 （这些规则并不是绝对的，有时两者可以互换使用，根据语境和说话者的意图来决定使用哪种形式。） ( 考点 四 一般将来时的时间标志词 ) 1.具体时间词：tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,this afternoon... 2. next+时间词：next week,next month,next year,next time... 3.in+一段时间：in three days,in two months... 4.in+将来的时间词：in 2040, in 2050... ( 考点 五 There be句型的一般将来时 )⑤其他：some day,before long, Soon... 一、there be结构的一般将来时 1.含义:there will be表示某地将存在某人或某物,有时可与there is/are going to be相互转换。 2.there will be结构的三种句式 ①肯定句:There will be+主语+其他. ②否定句:There won't be+主语+其他. ③一般疑问句:Will there be+主语+其他? 答语:Yes，there will./No,there won't. 二、易错点：there will be和there is going to be表将来的区别 表示某地将存在某人或某物，两者有时可以互换。此句型中不能出现表示拥有关系的have或has。 There will be a meeting tomorrow.明天将有一个会议。 There is going to be a basketball match next week.下周将有一场篮球比赛。 1．（2024·天津·中考真题）— Jane and I _________ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us? — Sure. See you then. A．had B．have had C．were having D．are going to have 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这个星期天，简和我打算去野餐。你愿意和我们一起去吗？——当然。到时见。 考查动词时态。根据“this Sunday”可知，这个星期天要去野餐，事情发生在将来，时态是一般将来时，结构是will do或be doing to do。故选D。 2．（2024·河北·中考真题）I’m expecting a friend. I’m afraid I ________ later. A．order B．ordered C．was ordering D．will order 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我在等一个朋友。恐怕我要晚点点餐。 考查时态。根据“I’m expecting a friend. I’m afraid I ... later.”可知，在等朋友，所以要晚点点餐，用一般将来时will do，故选D。 3．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）—Oh, no! Your brother left his umbrella at home. There ________ heavy rain this afternoon. —Don’t worry, Mom. I’ll bring it to him. A．was B．has been C．are D．will be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——哦，不！你哥哥把伞忘在家里了。今天下午会有大雨。——别担心，妈妈。我会拿给他的。考查动词时态。根据“this afternoon”可知是一般将来时，故选D 4．（2025·云南·模拟预测）________ a new library built in our community next year. A．There is B．There was C．There will be D．There are 【答案】C 【详解】句意：明年我们社区将建一座新图书馆。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。句中时间状语“next year”表示将来，因此句子应使用一般将来时。there be句型的一般将来时形式是“There will be”。故选C。 5．（2025·云南昆明·三模）Mother’s Day is coming. They ________ a gift for their mother. A．buy B．have bought C．are going to buy D．were buying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：母亲节快到了。他们要给妈妈买一件礼物。 考查一般将来时。根据“Mother’s Day is coming.”可知，此句描述将来要发生的事情，应用一般将来时，其结构为“be going to do”。故选C。 6．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）If you are lazy in spring, you ________ nothing in autumn. A．harvested B．will harvest C．are harvesting D．have harvested 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你在春天懒惰，秋天你将一无所获。 考查动词时态。If引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，主句需用一般将来时，其谓语动词结构为“will do”。故选B。 7.（2024·上海·模拟预测）These guides and resources will help you succeed in your final year. (对划线部分提问) these guides and resources help you succeed? 【答案】 When will 【详解】句意：这些指南和资源将帮助你在最后一年取得成功。划线部分in your final year“在你的最后一年”是时间，对时间提问要用when，原句是一般将来时，变疑问句时，将助动词will提到主语前。故填When；will。 8．（2024·甘肃兰州·中考真题）I wonder if they’ll (have) the races again next year. 【答案】have 【详解】句意：我想知道他们明年是否会再次举办比赛。从句是一般将来时态，结构是will do，动词have用其原形。故填have。 4、 ( 考点 一 过去将来时定义 )过去将来时 表示从过去的某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。 She said she would retire the next year.她说她明年就退休了。 ( 考点 二 过去将来时谓语结构 )I wondered what my son would say the next moment.我想知道儿子接下来会说什么。 ①would do/ would be She said she would attend the meeting tomorrow. 她说她明天会去开会。 ②三种表示过去将来时的特殊结构：was/were going to＋动词原形；was/were to＋动词原形；was/were about to＋动词原形。 was/were going to＋动词原形表示过去打算或计划将要做某事。 He told me he was going to get married the next week.他告诉我他打算下周结婚。 was/were about to＋动词原形表示过去即将要发生的动作。常构成句型was/were about to do...when... We were about to leave when a big noise came from the next room. 我们正要离开，隔壁房间突然发出了巨大的响声。 1．（2024·甘肃武威·二模）He was about _________ the door when an idea came into his mind. A．shut B．shutting C．to shut D．to shutting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他正要关门，突然想到了一个主意。 考查时态。根据“was about”可知，此处是be about to do“正要做某事”。故选C。 2．（2025·广东汕头·二模）Before going shopping, Mrs. Depp listed ________ for the next week on a piece of paper. A．what she would need B．what would she need C．what she will need D．what will she need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：去购物之前，德普太太在一张纸上列出了她下周需要的东西。 考查宾语从句。根据“Mrs. Depp listed”可知，此处应用宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除B和D选项；主句时态为一般过去时，从句应用一般过去时，排除C选项。故选A。 3．（2024·江苏无锡·二模）—Dave, don’t stay up too late! You need to get up early tomorrow morning. —OK, Mum. I thought I (finish) all my homework within two hours. 【答案】would finish 【详解】句意：——Dave，不要熬夜太晚！你明天早上需要早起。——好的，妈妈。我想我会在两小时内完成所有的家庭作业。finish“完成”，根据thought可知，应为过去的某种时态，根据“within two hours”可知，时态应为过去将来时，结构为would+动词原形。故填would finish。 4．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）Our group leader told me we (have) a further discussion as soon as we finished reading the book. 【答案】would have 【详解】句意：我们组长告诉我，我们一读完这本书就会进行进一步的讨论。根据“Our group leader told me we…a further discussion as soon as we finished reading the book”可知，读完书之后讨论，从句时态是一般过去时，所以此处是过去的将来，即过去将来时would have。故填would have。 5．（2024·广东广州·二模）我问妈妈是否愿意和我一起去看这部电影。 I asked my mother to see the film with me. 【答案】 if/whether she would like 【详解】if/whether“是否”，引导宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，此处指的是“妈妈”，应用she指代，作从句主语，would like to do sth“想要做某事”，故填if/whether；she；would；like。 一、单项选择 1．（2024·江苏常州·三模）—Hello, is that Jim speaking? This is Peter speaking. —Sorry. Jim ________ for the station to meet his father. His train ________ at 2: 30 p.m. A．will leave; will arrive B．leaves; was arriving C．is leaving; was arriving D．is leaving; arrives 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——喂，是吉姆吗？我是彼得。——很抱歉。吉姆要去车站接他的父亲。他的火车下午两点半到达。 考查时态。根据“Jim...for the station”可知，吉姆将要去车站，动作发生在将来，leave“离开”在表示将要发生的动作时，要用现在进行时表示，故第一个空填is leaving；根据“His train...at 2: 30 p.m.”可知，他的火车下午两点半到达，火车按照时刻表出发，用一般现在时，故第二个空填arrives。故选D。 2．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）My grandparents used to _______ in the countryside, but now they are used to _______ in the city. A．live; live B．live; living C．living; live D．living; living 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我祖父母过去住在乡村，但是现在他们习惯于住在城市了。 考查非谓语动词和动词短语。根据语境可知，这里是说祖父母过去住在农村，现在习惯住在城市。第一个空用used to do“过去常常”，排除D和C，第二个空用be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”，排除A，故选B。 4．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）The children ________ to the zoo if it ________ tomorrow. A．will go; won’t rain B．go; doesn’t rain C．will go; doesn’t rain D．go; won’t rain 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果明天不下雨，孩子们将去动物园。 考查动词时态。根据“The children …to the zoo if it …tomorrow.”可知，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”原则，第一空主句用一般将来时，其结构为will do，排除BD；第二空从句用一般现在时，选项A为一般将来时，应排除。故选C。 5．Your uncle _________ to see you as soon as he _________here. A．comes; arrives B．will come; arrives C．will come; will arrive D．comes; will arrive 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你叔叔一到这儿就会来看你。 考查时态。本句是as soon as引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，因此空一处主句为将来时will do，空二处从句是一般现在时，主语是he，动词用第三人称单数。故选B。 6．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）—Jack, when ________ you ________ this novel? —I have had it for five months. A．have; bought B．have; had C．did; buy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Jack，你什么时候买的这本小说？——我拥有它五个月了。 考查动词时态。根据“I have had it for five months.”可知，此处表示“拥有小说”这个状态持续了五个月，问句应该问的是什么时候买了小说，buy是短暂性动作，强调动作发生的时间，要用一般过去时，一般过去时的特殊疑问句结构为“特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他”，第一空要用did，第二空要用buy。故选C。 7．Lucy ________ depend on her mom, but now she is old enough to live by herself. A．used to B．is used to C．is used for D．is used by 【答案】A 【详解】句意：露西过去依赖她的妈妈，但现在她已经足够大，可以独自生活了。 考查used的用法。used to曾经，过去常常；is used to习惯于；is used for用于，被用来；is used by用于，使用。根据句意可知，此处表示Lucy“过去常常”依赖妈妈。故选A。 8.—Didn’t you hear the serious storm happening outside last night? —I certainly heard it. As the sun ________, the wind ________. A．rose; died down B．raised; was dying down C．rose; dead down 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你没有听说昨晚外面发生了严重的暴风雨吗？——我当然听到了。太阳升起时，风停了下来。考查动词辨析和一般过去时。rise“升起”，不及物动词；raise“提起”，及物动词。第一空应用rise的过去式rose，此处表示“太阳升起”；根据“As the sun…, the wind…”可知太阳升起时，风停了，是两个相继发生的动作，原句是一般过去时，die down“逐渐消失”，过去式是died down。故选A。 9.—Has your sister come back from Yunnan? —Yes. She ________ there for two months to help training teachers in the countryside. A．stays B．stayed C．has stayed D．will stay 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你妹妹从云南回来了吗？——回来了。她在那里待了两个月，帮助培训农村的教师。 考查时态。根据“Yes.”和“there for two months to help training teachers in the countryside”可知，妹妹已经回来了，此处陈述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时。故选B。 10.The palace caught fires three times in the last century and little of the original buildings ________ now. A．is remaining B．is remained C．remains D．has been remained 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这座宫殿在上个世纪发生了三次火灾，现在原有的建筑几乎没有留下。考查一般现在时。分析“little of the original buildings...now”可知，主语little of the original buildings和动词remain“仍然存在”之间是主动关系，且此处表示事实，应用一般现在时。故选C。 11.There ________ a basketball match the day after tomorrow. A．will be B．is going to have C．will have D．are going to be 【答案】A 【详解】句意：后天将会有一场篮球赛。 考查there be句型时态。根据“the day after tomorrow.”可知，本文使用一般将来时，there be结构的一般将来时为：there will be或there is/are going to be，排除选项BC；主语为a basketball match，为名词单数，be动词用is，选项D错误。故选A。 12.We’re not sure if it ________ tomorrow. If it ________ tomorrow, we will go hiking. A．will rain; doesn’t rain B．will rain; rains C．rains; rains D．rains; will rain 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们不确定明天是否会下雨。如果明天不下雨，我们就去徒步旅行。考查时态。根据“tomorrow”可知，第一空所在句的时态为一般将来时，其结构为“will+动词原形”，所以第一空应填will rain；if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，即主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，所以第二空所在句的时态为一般现在时，主语为it，是第三人称单数，所以第二空应填doesn’t rain。故选A。 13.Could you tell me ________ a football match in the Moonlight Sports Center tomorrow? A．whether there is going to be B．whether there is going to have C．if there was going to be D．if is there going to be 【答案】A 【解析】句意:你能告诉我明天月光体育中心是否有足球比赛吗?宾语语从句。宾语从句中需用陈述语序，且根据“tomorrow”可知应用将来时态，此题含有there的一般将来时结构为there is going to be。选项A“whether there is going to be"符合时态和语序，故选A。 14. My mum is cooking fish. It ________ so nice. A．smells B．is smelling C．smelt D．smell 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我妈妈正在煮鱼。闻起来真香。 考查时态。根据“My mum is cooking fish. It...so nice”可知此处表示现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语是It，谓语动词用单三。故选A。 15．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Linda prefers musicians who ________ different kinds of music. A．play B．plays C．was playing D．is playing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：琳达更喜欢能演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。 考查动词时态。根据“Linda prefers musicians who…”可知，时态为一般现在时；关系代词who代替先行词musicians，在从句中作主语，谓语动词应使用动词原形。故选A。 二、完成句子 1．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）Linda used to be a dancer. （改为一般疑问句） Linda to be a dancer? 【答案】 Did use 【详解】句意：琳达过去是个舞者。used是动词过去式，一般疑问句借助于助动词did，后面的动词恢复原形，故填Did；use。 2．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）木兰女扮男装，替父从军。 Mulan dressed up like a boy and her father’s to fight in the army. 【答案】 took place 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处考查动词短语take one’s place“代替某人的位置”。时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填took；place。 3．（2024·上海静安·二模）“I will design a poster for our own clothing store,” said the shop owner. （改为间接引语） The shop owner said that he a poster for their clothing store. 【答案】 would design 【详解】句意：店主说：“我会为我们自己的服装店设计一张海报。”。此处改为了宾语从句，主句是一般过去时，故此处从句用过去将来时would do。故填would；design。 4.（2024·甘肃甘南·中考真题）他在沙发上躺下，很快就睡着了。 He on the sofa and soon fell asleep. 【答案】 lay down 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处为“躺下”lie down，由“and soon fell asleep”可知，时态用一般过去时，空格处动词和fell为并列结构，故此处应用动词过去式lay。故填lay；down。 5.（2024·广东广州·二模）现如今，学生们到毕业了才意识到校园生活的好处。 Nowadays, students the benefits of school life they graduate. 【答案】 won’t realize until 【详解】设空处应填“意识到”和“直到……才”。“意识到”对应的动词是realize；“直到……才”对应的连词是not...until。until引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，助动词用will，will和not缩写为won’t，后跟动词原形。故填won’t；realize；until。 1（2024·江苏泰州·一模）Look at the timetable. The flight to Shanghai ________ at 10 o’clock. That’s to say, he’s leaving in two hours. A．left B．is leaving C．leaves D．has left 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看时刻表。飞往上海的飞机10点钟起飞。那就是说，他两小时后离开。 考查动词时态。表示按规定或是时间表的安排将要发生某事时，常用一般现在时表示将来。飞机按时刻表起飞，应为一般现在时。故选C。 2．（2025·四川广元·模拟预测）—Have you heard of the popular personality test called MBTI, Millie? Would you like to have a try? —Oh, sounds interesting. I will try as soon as I ________ my homework. A．finish B．finished C．will finish D．am finishing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——米莉，你听说过那个很火的叫MBTI的性格测试吗？你想试一试吗？——哦，听起来很有趣。我一完成作业就去试试。 考查时态。在as soon as引导的时间状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。此处空后从句应使用一般现在时。故选A。 3．（2025·云南昆明·三模）—________ more time for the students to rest and relax in the future? —Yes! To start with, their break time between classes is longer now. A．Is there B．Are there C．Will there be D．Will there have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——未来将会有更多时间让学生休息和放松吗？——会的！首先，他们现在的课间休息时间更长了。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。根据“in the future”可知要用一般将来时，there be表示“有” ，其疑问句的一般将来时结构是“Will there be...” ，故选C。 4．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）The teachers used to ________ key points on the blackboard, but now they are getting used to ________ them through PPTs. A．write; showing B．writing; show C．write; show D．writing; showing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：老师们过去常常在黑板上写关键点，但现在他们习惯于通过PPT展示。 考查非谓语动词。used to do sth表示“过去常常做某事”，可排除BD选项；get used to doing sth表示“习惯于做某事”，可排除C选项。故选A。 5．（2024·西藏·中考真题）He ________ have breakfast because he woke up late this morning. A．does B．did C．doesn’t D．didn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他没有吃早饭，因为他今天早上起晚了。 考查动词时态。根据“woke”可知，此句是一般过去时，句中有实义动词have，结合“woke up late”可知，起晚了所以没有吃早餐，所以用助动词didn’t。故选D。 6．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）As we all know, the Yangtze River ________ as a “mother river” of the Chinese nation. A．knows B．knew C．is known D．was known 【答案】C 【详解】句意：众所周知，长江被誉为中华民族的“母亲河”。 考查动词时态。长江是中华民族的“母亲河”，本句阐述事实，应为一般现在时。be known as“被称为，被认为是”，固定短语。故选C。 7．（2024·北京·中考真题）A lot of people in China ________ by high-speed train every year. A．travel B．traveled C．will travel D．have traveled 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国每年有很多人乘坐高铁出行。 考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“every year”可知，本句应用一般现在时。故选A。 8.What ________ you going to ________ when you grow up? A．are; are B．are; do C．do; do D．do; be 【答案】B 【解析】句意：长大后你要做什么？考查动词。do做/助动词；be是；are是。be going to+动词原形表示一般将来时，主语是you，be动词用are。故选B。 9.David has worked here for 10 years since he ________ from university. A．graduates B．graduated C．has graduated D．will graduate 【答案】B 【详解】句意：大卫大学毕业后在这里工作了10年。 考查动词时态。since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，毕业的动作已经发生过，故选B。 10.What time ________ Lucy usually ________ home on school days? A．does, getting B．is, get C．does, get D．is, getting. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：露西在上学日通常什么时候回家？ 考查助动词和时态。does为助动词，后接动词原形，排除A选项；再根据“usually”可知，时态为一般现在时，故排除D选项；B选项表述有误，be动词和实义动词不能出现在同一个句子中。故选C。 2、 用所给词的正确形式填空。 1.Tom with his parents often ______ (fly) kites in the park on Sundays. 【答案】flies 【详解】句意：汤姆和他的父母经常在星期天在公园放风筝。fly“飞”，动词；根据“often”可知，本句是一般现在时，with遵循“就远原则”，谓语动词需与with前的主语保持一致。Tom是第三人称单数，谓语动词用其单三形式。故填flies。 2．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Education (keep) your choice open. 【答案】keeps/will keep 【详解】句意：教育（会）让你有更多的选择。分析“Education...your choice open.”可知，本句可强调事实或将来的动作，所以用一般现在时或一般将来时，主语是“Education”，一般现在时动词用三单。故填keeps/will keep。 3．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）Yesterday, we (work) out the problem with our teacher’s help. 【答案】worked 【详解】句意：昨天，我们在老师的帮助下解决了这个问题。根据“Yesterday”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式worked。故填worked。 4．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Last year, my brother (finish) high school and we went camping by a lake. 【答案】finished 【详解】句意：去年，我哥哥高中毕业了，我们去湖边露营。句子时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，finished符合句意，故填finished。 5．（2024·内蒙古包头·中考真题）—What time does John usually have breakfast on school days? —He usually breakfast at 7 o’clock. (have) 【答案】has 【详解】句意：——约翰上学时通常什么时候吃早餐？——他通常在7点钟吃早饭。根据usually可知，此句是一般现在时，根据He可知，动词用三单，故填has。 6．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Some people believe robots (take) most jobs away from humans in the future. 【答案】will take 【详解】句意：有些人认为机器人将来会抢走人类的大部分工作。根据“in the future”可知，是一般将来时，故填will take。 7．（2024·江苏无锡·模拟预测）The company expected that ChatGPT (change) the way people work and live. 【答案】would change 【详解】句意：公司期望ChatGPT将改变人们工作和生活的方式。change“改变”，动词原形；根据“expected that”可知，从句应用过去的某种时态，“期望”说明事情尚未发生，所以从句应用过去将来时，其结构为would+动词原形。故填would change。 8．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）The manager promised that he (improve) their work according to the customers’ needs. 【答案】would improve 【详解】句意：经理保证他会根据客户的需要改进他们的工作。根据“promised”可知宾语从句中应用过去的时态；根据“he...their work...”可知此处表示他会改进他们的工作，表示将来的动作，所以此处用过去将来时would do。故填would improve。 9．（2025·辽宁营口·二模）I will tell you as soon as he (come). 【答案】comes 【详解】句意：他一来我就会告诉你。根据“I will tell you as soon as he…”可知，这是一个由as soon as引导的时间状语从句。在时间状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。这里的主语he是第三人称单数，所以动词come要用第三人称单数形式comes。故填comes。 10．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）Last term, Mr Liu (teach) us English for three months. 【答案】taught 【详解】句意：上学期，刘老师教了我们三个月英语。根据“Last term”可知，动作发生在过去，所以谓语动词要用过去式。teach的过去式是taught。故填taught。 11．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）My parents often (courage) me to take up some hobbies in my spare time when I was young. 【答案】encouraged 【详解】句意：我小时候，父母经常鼓励我在业余时间培养一些爱好。根据“My parents often…me to take up some hobbies in my spare time when I was young.”可知，此处指鼓励自己在业余时间培养一些爱好，encourage“鼓励”，根据“when I was young”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。故填encouraged。 12．（2025·江苏无锡·三模）The astronauts of Shenzhou-20 (stay) in space for three months and did many experiments. 【答案】stayed 【详解】句意：神舟二十号的宇航员在太空待了三个月，并做了许多实验。根据“did many experiments”及提示词可知，神舟二十号宇航员在太空停留三个月并完成实验是已经发生的事实，空处应使用动词的过去式与“did”保持时态一致，stay的过去式是stayed。故填stayed。 13. Danny says he ______ (not want) a new computer. 【答案】doesn’t want 【详解】句意：丹尼说他不想要一台新电脑。根据says可知，从句也用一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数形式，否定句借助于助动词doesn’t，后面的动词用原形，故填doesn’t want。 14.Everyone in my class often ________ (study) late at night. 【答案】studies 【详解】句意：我们班的每个人都经常学习到很晚。根据often可知，此句是一般现在时，不定代词everyone作主语，动词用三单，故填studies。 15.Miss White ________ (teach) us history and we all like her. 【答案】teaches 【详解】句意：怀特小姐教我们历史，我们都喜欢她。teach“教”，动词。句子是描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填teaches。 三、语法填空 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 Guyu, or Grain Rain, is the sixth solar term in the traditional Chinese lunar calendar. It usually arrives around April 19—21. The weather becomes warmer and the rainfall increases rapidly. This marks the end of cold weather and the beginning of a 1 (rain) season. Farmers are busy growing rice, wheat and other crops, in the hope that they 2 (achieve) a successful harvest in the coming autumn. Besides agriculture, Grain Rain is also of cultural importance to Chinese people. The Grain Rain Festival is celebrated in fishing villages across the coastal areas of eastern China. Grain Rain marks the start of the 3 (fisherman) first long journey of the year. The custom dates back to more than 2,000 years ago, when people believed the gods protected them from stormy seas. People would worship (敬奉) the sea 4 the Grain Rain Festival, hoping for a good harvest and the 5 (safe) of their loved ones. In southern China, people usually drink tea. Spring tea during Grain Rain is rich in vitamins and amino acids (氨基酸) which helps to take heat away 6 the body and are good for the eyes. Drinking tea on this day is said to help avoid bad luck. People in northern China usually eat Chinese toon, which is a vegetable with lots of 7 (leaf). The vegetable has a fresh and special taste. It is good for the stomach and skin. It can help to make our bodies 8 (health) and stronger. Around Guyu, the peony produces flowers. The peony is known 9 the “Queen of All Flowers” in Chinese culture. Many people go out 10 (enjoy) the local peonies. In Shandong, Henan and Sichuan, there are even festivals to appreciate the beauty of the peony. 【答案】 1．rainy 2．will achieve 3．fishermen’s 4．during 5．safety 6．from 7．leaves 8．healthier 9．as 10．to enjoy 【导语】本文讲述了谷雨这一中国传统节气及其相关的文化习俗。 1．句意：这标志着寒冷天气的结束和雨季的开始。空处修饰名词，应用形容词rainy。故填rainy。 2．句意：农民们忙于种植水稻、小麦和其他作物，希望他们在即将到来的秋天能获得丰收。根据“hope”可知，希望的事情发生在将来，应用一般将来时。故填will achieve。 3．句意：谷雨标志着渔民们一年中第一次长途旅行的开始。fisherman“渔民”，应用复数形式fishermen，空处修饰后面名词，需要用复数名词的所有格形式，故填fishermen’s。 4．句意：人们会在谷雨节敬奉海神，希望获得丰收和亲人的安全。根据题干可知，此处应填入时间介词during表示在谷雨节期间内。故填during。 5．句意：人们会在谷雨节敬奉海神，希望获得丰收和亲人的安全。定冠词the后跟名词，safe的名词为safety。故填safety。 6．句意：谷雨时节的春茶富含维生素和氨基酸，有助于带走体内的热量，对眼睛有益。根据“take heat away...the body”可知，是指从身体中带走热量，此处应填入介词from表示来源。故填from。 7．句意：中国北方的人们通常吃香椿，这是一种有很多叶子的蔬菜。lots of修饰名词的复数形式。故填leaves。 8．句意：它有助于使我们的身体更健康和强壮。根据“stronger”可知，此处应用比较级。故填healthier。 9．句意：牡丹在中国文化中被称为“花中之王”。be known as“被称为”，是固定搭配。故填as。 10．句意：许多人外出欣赏当地的牡丹。根据题干可知，外出是为了欣赏牡丹，应用不定式表目的。故填to enjoy。 19 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$