期末Units1-2知识清单2024-2025学年沪教版（五四学制）六年级下册

6B Unit 1 Everyone is different知识点整理 一、词汇 （一）词性转换 1 different adj. 不同的 be different from difference n. 不同点 tell the difference between A and B; make a big difference; 2 excite v. 使激动，使兴奋 excited a. 使人激动的 修饰人用-ed exciting a. 令人激动的 修饰物用-ing 3 able a. 能够；有才能的 be able to do enable v. 使 能够 enable sb. to do unable a. 不能的 be unable to do=fail to do disabled a./n. 残疾的；残疾人士 the disabled ability n. 能力 have the ability to do sth. 4 wise a. 睿智的；明智的 =clever/smart/bright/intelligent a wise man/choice wisdom n. 智慧 5 colour n./v. 颜色；涂色 colourful a. 色彩鲜艳的 6 mean v./a. 意思是；吝啬的；刻薄的 meaning n. 意思 7 person n. 人 in person亲自 personal a. 个人的 8 happy a. 快乐的 happily ad. 快乐地 happiness n. 幸福 unhappy a. 不高兴的 9 fair a. 浅色的；公平的 unfair a. 不公平的 *10 high a. 高的 height n. 高度 be of average height *11 weigh v. 重...... weight n. 重量 *12 talent n. 天才；才能 talented a. 有天赋的 （二）主题词汇与句型描述外貌的几个方面 · sizes and shapes · skin colours · hair colours · clothes 1. 外貌（look/appearance） （1） 询问外貌 · What does he look like? · /How does he look?· Kim is short and slim. She has long curly fair hair. · Kim is short and slim with long curly fair hair. · She wears a yellow blouse and a pair of trousers. · Her skin colour is fair. （2） 描述外貌 · Finn is tall and fat. He has short straight blonde hair. · Finn is tall and fat with short straight blonde hair. · He wears a purple T-shirt and blue jeans. · His skin colour is dark. · He also wears a pair of glasses. · She has a round face. · He has a straight nose. · Her eyes are small and blue. · She always has a big smile. · *Paul is of medium height. · *Paula is well-shaped. · *Mika is well-built. 2. 提供帮助的句型 · Can/May I help you? · What can I do for you? · Is there anything I can do to help? 3. 、 描述人物：外貌、爱好、性格和才能 优秀品质： brave/strong-willed/tough, positive, creative, curious, have a strong will, have great persistence （三）重点词汇与句型 1. 特别之处 something special 2. 注意到不同之处 notice differences 3. 一个合作学校 a partner school 4. 一些来自天鹅湖中学的访问学生 some visiting students from Swan Lake Middle School 5. 和我共用这本书 share the book with me 6. 他长得怎么样? What does he look like? 7. Kim又矮又瘦。 Kim is short and slim. 8. Mika又高又壮。 Mika is tall and strong. 9. Paul留着一头黑色的短直发。 Paul has short straight black hair. 10. Kim有一头浅色的长卷发。 Kim has long curly fair hair. 11. 她的肤色白皙。 Her skin colour is fair./She has fair skin colour. 12. 穿蓝色牛仔裤的男孩 the boy in the blue jeans 13. 穿黄色裤子的女孩 the girl in the yellow trousers 14. 主持一场学生才艺秀 host a student talent show 15. 准备节目 prepare for the programmes 16. 主动提出帮助我们 offer to help us 17. 你有什么需要我帮助的吗？ Is there anything I can do to help? 18. 嘲笑他们 laugh at them 19. 毋庸置疑，几年以后，她会成 为一名优秀的歌手。 Without any doubt, she will be a good singer in a few years. 20. 舞蹈技巧 dancing skills 21. 优点，强项 strong points/advantages 22. 教会我一个道理 teach me a lesson 23. 每个人都与众不同。 Everyone is unique/different/special. 24. 她擅长拉小提琴。 He is good at playing the violin. 25. *他中等身材。 He is of medium/average height. （四）一词多义 · fat, notice, programme, host, look, sound,talent （五）词汇辨析 then和than then当时；然后 · “当时；那时”：I was living in Beijing then.当时我住在北京。 · “然后；接着”：He stood up, then walked out of the room.他站起身来，然后走出了房间。 than 比 · 作连词：She is taller than I (am). · 作介词：He is older than me. · What does he look like? 问外貌 · What does he like? 问爱好 · What is he like?问性格· prepare for · laugh at · look like · without any doubt · in the future · in a few years · the girl in blue jeans · the song by Li Bailing 四、语法点 1. 介词搭配 3. 一般将来时（另见课本P10-11，P121-123） 4. sound interesting sound为感官动词，后面加形容词，类似的感官动词还有look, smell, taste, feel。 5. 冠词用法： 乐器前加the: play the piano, play the violin 6. 其他： offer to do 主动提出做某事 五、同意改写 1. 为 做准备 (2) =prepare for sth. =get ready for sth. 2. 对 感兴趣(3) =be interested in =be keen on =be fond of 3. 优点(2) =strong point=advantage 4. 缺点(2) =weak point=disadvantage 5.特别的（3） =special=different=unique 6.擅长（2） =be good at =do well in 其他补充： 比较级、最高级的不规则变化 · good/well—better—best · bad/badly/ill—worse--worst · many/much—more—most · little—less—least · far—farther—farthest 两好三坏又两多 little不是小 一分为二有两个一是远来二是老 · --further--furthest（进一步further study/discussion） · old—older—oldest · --elder--eldest （有血缘关系） a与an的区别：an用在以元．音．音．素．（如/ʌ/）开头的单词前 a useful umbrella a university a UFO an European country a one-way ticket an hour an honest man an 8-year-old girl an+字母（a, e, f, h, i, l, m, n, o, r, s, x 钟点的读法 3:00 three o'clock · a.m. 上午 in the morning · p.m. 下午 in the afternoon · 不超过 30 分钟用 “past” · 超过 30 分钟用 “to” · hour, minute, second 6:15 a quarter past six 8:30 half past eight 4:07 seven past four four o(oh) seven 5:20 twenty past five 4:40 twenty to five 9:45 a quarter to ten in 2015 in November, 2015 on November 11, 2015 时间前的介词 某年用in 某年某月用in 某年某月某一天用on on the morning of November 11某年某月某一天的上午、下午等用on 人称代词表 主格 宾格 所有格/ 形容词性物主代 名词性物主代词 反身代词 I me my mine myself you you your yours yourself he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself we us our ours ourselves you you your yours yourselves they them their theirs themselves 6B Unit 2 Rules around us知识点整理 一、词汇 （一）词性转换 1 sit v. 坐 seat n. 座位 take a seat 2 important a. 重要的 play an important role 扮演一个重要的角色 importance n. 重要性 of great importance=important 3 follow v. 跟随；遵守 follow=obey=observe遵守 following a. 下列的 4 mean v./a. 意思是；吝啬的；刻薄的 What does this word mean? meaning n. 意思 What’s the meaning of this word? 5 danger n. 危险 be in danger处于危险之中 dangerous a. 危险的 ≠safe 6 save v. 拯救，节约，存储 safe adj./n. 安全的；保险箱 safely adv. 安全地 safety n. 安全；安全地带 wear safety belts; safety rules 7 happy a. 快乐的 happily ad. 快乐地 happiness n. 幸福 unhappy a. 不高兴的 *8 announce a. 宣告；宣布 announcement n. 通告 （二）主题词汇与句型 1. Rules Rules in the underground station · No leaning. · Please wait at the yellow line and mind the gap. · Please give your seat to anyone in need. · Don’t rush when the underground train is coming. · Don’t eat, drink, smoke or litter on trains. Rules on other means of transport · We should wait in a line at the bus stop. · We should let people get off the bus first. · We must hold the handrail when we stand on a bus. · On the train, we should keep quiet and avoid making loud noises. Rules in the lab · Don’t wear open-toed shoes in the lab. · Never leave rubbish on the floor. · No food or drinks in the lab. · Always wear safety gloves when working in the lab. · Always throw broken glass into the broken glass container. 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 School rules · Wear school uniforms and a red scarf every day. · Finish your homework on time. · Don’t be late for school. · Don’t fight with others. · Don’t cheat in the exam. · Don’t copy others’ homework. · Don’t bring mobile phones to school. Class rules · Be kind and helpful to others. · Let other people know before taking their things. · Take turns to clean the classroom. · Don’t shout in the classroom. · Don’t chase(=run after) each other in the classroom. · Don’t damage public things/property. Family rules · Respect each other. · Always be honest./Don’t tell lies. · Do the chores together. · Don’t waste food. · Don’t leave the house without telling family members. 2. Why rules are important? · Rules keep us safe. · Rules help to keep things in order. · Rules teach us to be good and polite. （三）重点词汇与句型 重点词汇与句型中的各项规则须背熟 1. 遵守规则 follow/obey/*observe rules 2. 违反规则 break rules 3. 不要倚靠。 Don’t lean. 4. 不要乱扔垃圾。 No littering. 5. 注意缝隙。 Mind the gap. 6. 请让座给有需要的乘客。 Please offer your seat to the passengers in need. 7. 一个交换生 an exchange student 8. 看展示板 look at a display board 9. 准备好做实验 be ready to do some experiments 10. 开始 get started 11. 在实验室做实验时，始终要 戴好安全手套。 Always wear safety gloves when working in the lab. 12. 始终将碎玻璃扔进碎玻璃回收容器内。 Always throw broken glass into the broken glass container. 13. 还有什么？ Anything else? 14. 关注到我 pay attention to me 15. 大声喊叫 cry out 16. 轮流打扫教室 take turns to tidy up the classroom 17. 轮到你擦黑板了。 It’s your turn to clean the blackboard. 18. 去春游/秋游 go on a spring outing /go on an autumn outing 19. 科技馆 the Science and Technology Museum 20. 在校门口碰头 meet at the school gate 21. Lily很乐于助人。 Lily is ready to help others. （四）一词多义 · leave, follow, wave, stay, grow, cry, lift （五）词汇用法 keep 的用法 1. 使处于（某种状态、位置等） keep + 宾语 + 形容词 Keep me warm, keep our classroom clean 2. 继续，持续 keep+doing一直做某事 The baby kept crying all night.（婴儿整晚都在哭。） 3. 饲养；喂养 She keeps a lot of chickens on her farm.（她在农场里养了很多鸡。） · 常见短语搭配 · keep one’s promise 遵守承诺 · keep in touch (with)表示“与……保持联系” We should keep in touch with each other.（我们应该彼此保持联系。） · keep up保持；不落后 You should keep up your good work.（你应该继续保持出色的工作。） · keep off让开；不接近 Keep off the grass.（勿踏草地。） leave的用法: 1. 使处于（某种状态） Don't leave the window open. 2.离开 leave for=go to前往 3.假期、休假 ask for leave 请假 He asked for a week's leave to take a trip with his family.（他请了一周的假和家人去旅行。）四、语法点· on the escalator · in the underground station · on the platform · on the beach · announcement for passengers 1. 介词搭配 2. 祈使句（另见课本P110 ） 祈使句也称为无主句，隐含的主语是第二人称you（你或你们）。 1) 用法 发出命令或指示 · Put the rubbish in the bin. 提供指导、说明或步骤 · First, put the desks and chairs away. After that, clean the blackboard and the floor. 提供建议 · Let’s tidy up today, shall we? 2)结构 肯定式 动词原形开头 Keep quiet and listen to others. 否定式 Don't+动词原形 Don’t shout in the classroom. 3. 连系动词 连系动词，也叫系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，必须与表语一 起构成谓语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征等情况。下表中为初中常见的连系动词。 系动词（1,2,3,5,5,） · be · seem appear · keep stay remain · look smell taste sound feel · go get grow become turn 4. else的用法 ( else放在疑问词或不定代词后) (1) 与something,anybody,no one等不定代词连用。如：There is no one else in the room.房间里没有其他人。 (2) 置于疑问词后。如： What else can I do to help you?我还能做些什么来帮助你? 5. must 和mustn’t的用法（另见课本P110 ） 6. 规则的多种表达： 1. No+名词或动名词 · No cameras./No photos · No fishing./No parking 2. 祈使句（动词原形/Don’t +动词原形） · Be quiet in the library. 3. 情态mustn’t/must/should/can+动词原形 · You must finish your homework before dinner. 五、同意改写 1. 对 感兴趣 =be interested in=be keen on=be fond of 2. 禁止吸烟。 =No smoking. =Don’t smoke here. =We mustn’t smoke here. =*We aren’t allowed to smoke here. =*Smoking is not allowed here. =*Smoking is prohibited here. 3. 实验室里不准吃喝。 =No food or drinks in the lab. =We mustn’t have food or drinks in the lab. =We mustn’t ear or drink in the lab. 其他补充： 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 · 10 个双写加 er 的形容词 : 大红胖子减肥怕热汗多 sad, big, fat/, red, hot, wet, thin, slim, fit/, glad mad · 比较级和最高级的提示词 1) 比较级：than, much, far, even, still, a little, a lot a bit 2) 最高级：so far, one of, in my class, of the three, among the teachers, I’ve ever hear $$