第2节 技法指导-【金榜题名】2026年高考英语一轮总复习话题晨背&进阶写作

续表 档次 描述 (1)创造了基本合理的内容，有一定的逻辑性，续写基本完整，与原文情境相关。 第三档 (2)使用了简单的词汇和语法结构，有一些错误或不恰当之处，但基本不影响理解。 (11-15分) (3)基本有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。 (1)内容或逻辑上有一些重大问题，续写不够完整，与原文情境有一定程度的脱节。 第二档 (2)所使用的词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误较多，影响理解。 (6-10分) (3)未能有效地使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不够清晰，意义不够连贯。 (1)内容或逻辑上有较多重大问题，或有部分内容抄自原文，续写不完整，与原文情境基本 第一档 脱节。 (1-5分) (2)所使用的词汇非常有限，语法结构单调，错误很多，严重影响理解。 (3)几乎没有使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不清晰，意义不连贯。 所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判：所写内容全部抄自原文或与题目要求完全不相 0分 关。未作答。 【续写“7-3一4”原则】 【续写5步骤】 记叙文六要素 不增加人物 三 原文一致原则 一读 读原文，理解脉络 个 双线「情节线 不增加旁支情节 曲折性原则 L情感线 遵循正能量原则先写出 不用过多对话 致 正能量原则 二定 确定主题一 结尾主题升华句 第一段的第二句 续写第一段第二句：衔 读后续写 分析两段首句 三析 写出三个衔接句 第一段的尾句 不用负能量结局 接（给出的）第一段首句 七 步成文 第二段的第二句 个 所做 不 不在文末设置悬念 四 续写第一段尾句：衔接 所说 个 (给出的)第二段首句 四思 思考中间 细节内容 主要角色十所思 所感 衔 所看 接 续写第二段第二句：衔 不偏离原文主题 精细打磨语言 接（给出的）第二段首句 五写 遣词造句，书写文章 L丰富细节描写 续写第二段尾句：衔接 不违背逻辑常理 前文并升华原文主旨 第2节 技法指导 读后续写以记叙文为主，记叙文是以记人、叙 课标【、Ⅱ卷为例来逐条讲解写作技法。 事、写景、状物为主，以人物的经历和事物的发展变 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语 化为主要内容的一种文体形式。下面以2023年新 续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 465 When I was in middle school,my social A few weeks later,when I almost forgot the studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest,there came the news. contest.I said no without thinking.I did not love writing.My family came from Brazil,so English was only my second language.Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play,where I played all the parts.No one laughed harder than he did. I went to my teacher's office after the award So,why did he suddenly force me to do presentation. something at which I was sure to fail?His reply: "Because I love your stories.If you're willing to apply yourself,I think you have a good shot at this."Encouraged by his words,I agreed to give it a try. I chose Paul Revere's horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith(银匠)in Boston 技法一阅读文本，获取有效信息 who rode a horse at night on April 18,1775 to 一、读懂原文，理清六要素 Lexington to warn people that British soldiers 记叙文有六要素（五个W和一个H),即who were coming.My story would come straight from (人物)、when(时间)、where(地点)、why(事件的起 the horse's mouth.Not a brilliant idea,but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else's choice. 因)、what(经过)和how(结果)。读后续写所提供 What did the horse think,as he sped through 的文本除了结果这一要素之外，把其余五个要素叙 the night?Did he get tired?Have doubts?Did he 述得清清楚楚。因此阅读文本时要紧扣这五个 want to quit?I sympathized immediately.I got 要素。 tired.I had doubts.I wanted to quit.But,like 读(2023·新课标I、Ⅱ)文本，得出六要素为： Revere's horse,I kept going.I worked hard.I 文本6要素 checked my spelling.I asked my older sister to 文本内容 (5W+1H) correct my grammar.I checked out a half-dozen books on Paul Revere from the library.I even read Who(人物) my social studies teacher and I a few of them. When(时间) when I was in middle school When I handed in the essay to my teacher,he read it,laughed out loud,and said,"Great.Now, Where(地点) in my school write it again.I wrote it again,and again and My social studies teacher asked again.When I finally finished it,the thought of What(事件) me to enter a writing contest. winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing.If I didn't win,I wouldn't care. Encouraged by his words,I 注意： Why(起因) agreed to give it a try. 1.续写词数应为150左右： 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 How(结果) 续写中介绍 466 二、细读原文，找出双线 师的感激：感激老师的鼓励和让他意识到“心之所 故事类记叙文有两条线索，一是情节(plot) 愿，无所不成”。所以续写部分应该是作品获奖和 线，二是情感(feeling)线。通常情况下，随着情节 感恩老师。遵循正能量原则，写出本文的结尾升 的发展，人物的情感会产生变化。所以，对情节的 华句。 整体把握就离不开对人物情感发展的分析。两条 1.从感恩老师和老师的鼓励的角度来写 线索既相对独立又相互交融，所以，在梳理时，可以 (1)No more words could convey my gratitude to 将两条线索互相参照，互相贯通。 him.It was he who made me realize nothing is 按照情节发展的顺序，同时提取表示情感的词 impossible to a willing heart. 汇、句型及表达，进而获取情感的发展方向。特别 (2)Since then,my teacher's encouraging words, 关注情节发展的高潮，也是情感的最大变化。这是 just like a lighthouse in the mist,would always 记叙文的核心，往往也是最大冲突的爆发点和续写 be lighting in the sky of my life. 的基础。 (3)Then he pointed that my passion,devotion 读(2023·新课标I、Ⅱ卷)文本，理出文章的 and persistence contributed to my success."Just 情节线和情感线如下： like the horse you wrote,he got tired and had 1.情节线：拒绝参赛→尝试参加→以马的口吻写作 doubts,but he kept going. →想放弃→继续坚持→不在乎是否能获奖。 (4)I benefit a lot from my loved teacher.His 2.情感线：自我否定→自我尝试→自我创新→自我 painstaking care and encouragement will 怀疑→自我坚持→自我突破。 influence my whole life. 可以清晰地在“情节山”上展示出来： (5)After that,his words have echoed in my ears for many years,and every time I start writing,I Climax will think of my teacher.He taught me how to If I didn't win.I wouldn't care -stress-free believe in myself and guided me towards a bright But.like Revere's horse,I kept going.-determined future. I got tired.I had doubts 2.从个人努力的角度来写 I wanted to quit. -self-doubting (1)From then on,not only did I have a good Development command of writing,but I also knew the truth- I wrote the story from fear never builds the future,but hope does. the horse's mouth -creative Encouraged by his words. (2)Only then did I realize that it was bravery I agreed to give/it a try.-adventurous and determination that can conquer all the When my teacher asked difficulties.Hard work paid off eventually. me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking.-unwilling 四、研判故事的语言风格和语言特色 Beginning Ending 阅读文本时，要留意文章使用的主体时态 三、确定主题，写出主题升华句 (tense),还要注意文章使用的句式结构，如三大从 读(2023·新课标I、Ⅱ卷)文本知本文的主题 句、非谓语动词、强调句型、倒装句式、虚拟语气等， 为“人与自我：个人成长”。概括文本大意知：本不 并画线标出，以使续写的内容在语言色彩和行文风 喜欢写作的作者在老师的鼓励下，通过自己的努 格上与所给文章保持一致。 力，不但尝试参加了写作比赛，而且通过自己的坚 读(2023·新课标I、Ⅱ卷)文本知本文的主体 持不解完成了参赛作品，实现了自我突破。由此我 时态是一般过去时，续写部分也应该继续使用该时 们可以推断出，作者写这篇文章的意图是表达对老 态。文本中运用了以下丰富的句式： 467 1.When I was in middle school,my social studies 根据第二段首句与正能量的结尾即“二框二首 teacher asked me to enter a writing contest.I said 正能量”策略，确定第二段应侧重介绍“我”与老师 no without thinking.(时间状语从句；非谓语 在办公室里发生的事（所说、所做等），以及“我”对 动词) 英语写作态度的转变（所悟），与前文“我”并不喜欢 2.Writing was so difficult and painful for me that 英语写作形成呼应，最后再点题，表明“我”对老师 my teacher had allowed me to present my paper 由衷的感激之情。 on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a 二、根据首句，写出衔接句 play,where I played all the parts.No one laughed 续写的几个衔接句即第一段的第二句，第一段 harder than he did..(动名词作主语；结果状语从 的最后一句和第二段的第二句都是得分要点，如图 句：定语从句：“否定词十比较级”表示最高级) 所示： 3.So,why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail?(定语从句) 续写第一段 续写第二段 4.Encouraged by his words,I agreed to give it a 段首句1 段首句2 try.(过去分词短语作状语) 5.If I didn'twin,I wouldn't care.(虚拟语气) 点1 点2点3 点4（升华） 由以上句子可知，文本中分词作状语、状语从句、 升华句前面已经写出来了，下面是几个衔 虚拟语气等句式的综合运用使得语言具有一定 接句。 的丰富性，配合着短句，形成了长短句结合的节 1.第一段的第二句：第一段所给首句是Afew 奏感。除了这些句式以外，文章还通过对主人公 weeks later,when I almost forgot the contest, 动作链的描写以及心理描写等丰富了细节，刻画 there came the news..(几个星期后，当我几乎忘 了主人公在情感上对待英语写作的转变。续写 记比赛的时候，传来了消息。)所以接着要写消息 部分的文风也要延续这些才行。 的内容，此消息一定和获奖、颁奖有关，再根据续 技法二利用信息，预测后续情节 写情感要积极(positive)的原则，应该是获得非 常好的奖项，传播此消息的方式可以多样，如电 一、根据首句，构建情节框架 话告知、同学告知、老师宣布等都可以，也可以不 对所给文本后面的故事情节及故事结尾的推 提，直接写消息的内容即可。 断是写好读后续写的前提。高考所给的读后续写 (1)It was exciting to learn that I had gained first 是半开放性的，这种形式既可以让人充分发挥想象 力，又能让人有章可循。可以根据下表中的口诀来 prize and an award ceremony would be held in 确定每段要写的内容： three days. (2)I received a phone call,and it was from the 两段首句定一框即根据两段所给首句来确定第 一段的框架 organization that said I had won the grand prize. 二框二首正能量即第二段的框架由第二段的首 (3)"You won first prize in the writing contest," 句和正能量结尾来确定 one of my classmates rushed to my desk. 根据(2023·新课标I、Ⅱ卷)的第一段所给首 (4)The moment I saw my name on the top of 句“A few weeks later,when I almost forgot the the first prize list,surprise and joy occupied my contest,.there came the news..”再结合第二段首句 mind. "I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation.". (5)When my teacher walked into the classroom, 使用“两段首句定一框”策略，可以推断出续写的第 a shining bright smile was on his face.He had 一段应侧重介绍消息的内容，再加上“我”听到消息 just announced I won first place in the writing 后的反应（所听、所思等）以及领奖的情景（所见、所 contest when everyone surprised in disbelief 听、所思、所做等)。 firstly but then gave me thunderous applause. 468 2.第一段的最后一句：因为第二段的第一句说领奖 技法三大胆设问，构思续写细节 后“我”去了老师的办公室，所以第一段的最后一 句要含有颁奖并提到老师。 以上步骤仅仅定出了写作框架，在构思时，还 (1)When the award presentation finished,I felt 要进行情节扩充，让续写有血有肉。建议大家写 a mixture of feelings.I wanted to say something “五所”，即所见（环境描写/人物描写/神态描写）、 to my teacher. 所闻（语言描写）、所说（语言描写）、所思（心理描 (2)With the trophy in one hand and award 写)、所做（动作描写），并对此进行设问，可以有效 certificate in the other hand,I threw my eyes at 地丰富续写的主要情节。如： my teacher,who gave me a thumbs-up,with his 读(2023·新课标1、Ⅱ卷)文本，我们可以对 eyes twinkling with pleasure and pride.It was at 两段内容进行如下设问： that moment that I was overwhelmed with 第一段：A few weeks later,when I almost forgot gratitude to my teacher. the contest,there came the news. (3)I explained why I chose this special subject and even acted out one-role play as Revere's 1.How did I get the news? horse on the stage,which made the audience 2.What was the news? laugh out.In the end,I showed my gratitude to 3.How did I and others feel about the news? the horse rider-my social studies teacher. 4.What did the people around do when hearing the (4)Everything went smoothly and I was surrounded news? by flowers and applause.However,the person 5.What did I do then? with whom I desired to share my joy was my 第二段：I went to my teacher's office after the teacher. award presentation. (5)Patiently and confidently,I told the audience 1.What was the teacher doing when I entered the how I once didn't love writing and now enjoyed teacher's office? writing and how I realized the value of perseverance 2.What did I say to the teacher? with the help of my teacher. 3.How did the teacher feel when hearing my words? 3.第二段的第二句：第二段所给首句是I went to 4.What did he do and say then? my teacher's office after the award presentation. 5.How did I feel when hearing the teacher's words? (颁奖后我去了老师的办公室。)所以接着应该写 把以上设问的参考范文组合起来，再增加一些衔接 “我”到办公室后的所见、所说与所做。也可以写 过渡句，就得到了续写的两段内容。尝试完成 “我”走进办公室老师见到“我”的反应。 续写。 (l)“Thank you very much！”I showed my A few weeks later,when I almost forgot the certificate to him with my eyes watering,"Without you,I couldn't have done it. contest,there came the news. (2)Bathed in the enjoyment,he waved at me and expressed his congratulations. (3)The teacher walked towards me excitedly and gave me a big hug,saying,"Congratulations,boy, and have a seat..” 469 I went to my teacher's office after the award The singer glanced at the audience,took a deep presentation. breath and began to sing..歌手瞥了一眼观众，深吸 了一口气，开始唱歌。 She would get off the car excitedly,laughing and dancing around..她会兴奋地下车，又笑又跳。 The old man sat under the sunset,reading the newspaper and listening to the radio.老人坐在夕阳 下，看着报纸，听着收音机。 技法四 遣词造句，精细打磨语言 Having queued for 3 hours,he was told that the ticket had been sold out.排了3个小时的队后，他 读后续写对语言综合运用能力要求更高。要 被告知票已经卖完了。 增添“读后续写”的表达效果，不仅要有词汇量的积 Deeply moved by the story,the children began to 累，还要注意避免使用泛泛而谈的词汇，应该多使 cy.孩子们被这个故事深深感动了，哭了起来。 用具体的词汇使表达更加准确到位。只有准确、连 Poppy trotted to him and got up on his back legs, 续的动作和夸张丰富的表情以及细致的心理活动 trying to lick his old friend.小狗波比小跑到他跟 描写，才能让人物棚栩如生！ 前，站立起来，要舔他的老朋友。 一、善用动作链 Tony rushed to Rose and threw his arms around 在读后续写的写作过程中，成功的动作描写可 her tightly without hesitation,wiping tears from 以交代人物的身份、地位，可以反映人物心理活动 her cheeks.托尼毫不犹豫地冲向罗斯，紧紧地抱住 她，帮她擦去脸颊上的泪水。 的进程，也可以表现人物的性格特征。人物的动作 二、会用高级句式 或简单或复杂，都不是一下子就能完成的，细心观 1.形容词（短语）作状语 察才能捕捉到最能体现人物特征的慢镜头。因此， 形容词（短语）在句中作状语，可以表明主语所处 在描写动作时，要学会细化动作，把动作过程分解 的状态。如： 成一连串细微的动作，形成动作链，写出动作的连 Lost in the mountain for two days,these students 贯性，这样才能使描写具有画面感，使人物更立体。 were finally rescued by the local police.这些学 动作链有以下结构形式： 生在山里迷路两天后最终被当地警察救了出来。 ·动作A+B+and+C Speechless and happy,she held her son tightly ·句子十-ing into her arms,with tears welling up in her eyes. ·句子+having done 她高兴得说不出话来，紧紧地抱着她的儿子，热 ·句子十ed 泪盈眶。 ·句子谓语连动十-ing 2.非谓语动词 巧妙地使用非谓语动词可以使句型更多样化，使 He stopped the taxi,jumped in with the suitcase 文章结构更加紧凑，使文章所表达的含义更加简 and told the driver,"Go to the police station, 明。如： please.”他拦下了出租车，拿着箱子跳进车里，然后 Exposed to the truth,I hugged dad in my arms 对司机说：“请到警察局去。” tightly.真相大白后，我紧紧地拥抱了爸爸。 The boys rushed to the lake,took off their clothes I lowered my head with embarrassment,standing and jumped into the water.男孩们冲到湖边，脱下 there like a fool.我尴尬地低下头，像个傻瓜一样 衣服跳进水里。 站在那里。 470 Wild with joy,she jumped up,grabbing the I embraced my father without a word,tears blouse and flourishing it while crying..她高兴得 streaming.我默默拥抱着父亲，泪流满面。 跳了起来，一把抓住衬衫，把它拿在手里挥舞着， She thought of Tom,memories flooding out as 哭了起来。 she closed her eyes and recalled the kindness of She made a final effort to cry for some help. him.她想起了汤姆，当她闭上眼睛，回忆起他的 Nevertheless,no one would come to save her. 友善，往事涌上心头。 Jane walked along the stream,with fear gradually My heart pumping wildly and my blood pulsing beating her bravery.她做了最后的努力，大声呼 through my veins,I pulled back the reins,distracted 救。然而，没有人会来救她。简沿着小溪走着， the horse and tried every means to stop the 恐惧渐渐打败了她的勇气。 horse but in vain.我的心在狂跳，血液在静脉中 3.with复合结构 跳动，我拉住缰绳，转移马的注意力，用尽一切办 with复合结构可以丰富句子的内容，其作用一 法想让马停下来，但都是徒劳。 般相当于一个状语从句，可以表示原因、条件、伴 The boy rushed to the old man's house,his face 随、结果、方式等。如： covered with sweat..男孩冲到老人家里，满脸 (2023·新课标I、Ⅱ卷)There was nobody 是汗。 inside.I slipped in and gingerly set the trophy on 5.复合句 my teacher's desk with a note attached,saying, 常用的复合句有定语从句、名词性从句和状语从 “It's a glory for both of us！Your inspiration 句。如： seems a beacon guiding my way ahead.”里面设 (2023·新课标I、Ⅱ卷)I firstly expressed my 有人。我溜进去，小心翼翼地把奖杯放在老师的 gratitude to my loved teacher and said,"What 桌子上，并附上一张纸条，上面写着：“这是我们 you said gave me a great deal of encouragement, 俩的荣耀！你的鼓舞就像指引我前进的灯塔。” which inspired my motivation to writing.I (2023·新课标I、Ⅱ卷)“Thank you very wouldn't have succeeded without your help.”我 much!"I showed my certificate to him with my 首先对我敬爱的老师表示感谢，并说：“您说的话 eyes watering."Without you,I couldn't have 给了我很大的鼓励，激发了我写作的动力。没有 done it..”“非常感谢你！”我把我的证书给他看， 您的帮助，我不可能取得成功。” 眼里流着泪，“没有你，我不可能做到。” Eagerly,the twins gazed at their mother,whose (2023·新课标I、Ⅱ卷)On hearing of the eyes were filled with tears of thrill..双胞胎热切地 unexpected news,she was so surprised that she 注视着妈妈，她的眼里充满激动的泪水。 froze with her mouth wide open.听到这个意外的 That's why Anna was surprised the following 消息，她惊讶得日瞪口呆。 day when Bobby had made several ads..这就是第 (2o23·新课标I、Ⅱ卷)With tears in my eyes I 二天鲍比做了几个广告时安娜感到惊讶的原因。 said to him,"I would like to express my heartfelt Cold and tired though we were,the kids'smiling gratitude to you for your timely help."我含着眼 faces cheered us up..虽然我们又冷又累，但孩子 泪对他说：“我要向您表示衷心的感谢，感谢您的 们的笑脸使我们振奋起来。 及时帮助。” 6.倒装句型 4.独立主格结构 为了突出或强调句子中的某个部分，我们可以将 独立主格结构的构成为“名词/代词+现在分词/ 其置于句首，形成倒装结构。如： 过去分词/不定式/形容词/介词短语”，其作用相 Hearing the dog barking fiercely,away fled the 当于一个状语从句。如： thief.听到狗凶猛的叫声，小偷逃走了. 471 Not only did we lose all our money,but we also If only I had not made such a stupid mistake. lost our way/,but also we lost our way.我们不仅 要是我过去没有犯这样一个愚蠢的错误就好了。 丢了所有的钱，还迷了路。 It's high time that we focused/should focus our Only when you find peace in your heart will you attention on our study.该是我们把注意力集中 keep good relationships with others..只有当你找 在学习上的时候了。 到内心的平静时，你才能跟别人保持良好的 (2023·新课标l、l卷)Without his encouragement,I 关系。 couldn't have won the prize,.要是没有他的鼓励， Never had Jane missed Tom so much.Even a 我不可能获奖。 quarrel would be sweet now.简从来没有这么想 9.“无灵主语”句 念过汤姆。现在即使是争吵也会是甜蜜的。 “无灵主语”简单理解就是“没有生命”的东西作 So tightly did he draw the wolf's neck against his 主语，比如时间、地点、自然现象等。比如My shoulders that the animal could scarcely breathe love goes to everybody.中love就是没有生命力 and tried in vain to use its teeth.他把狼的脖子 的名词，但是g0就是有生命力的动词。 紧紧地拉在肩上，以至于狼几乎无法呼吸，让它 “无灵主语”的应用大致分为五大类： 的牙齿也无法派上用场。 第一类：主语是表示情感状态的抽象名词 7.强调句型 这类名词有fear(恐惧)，excitement(兴奋)等。 强调句型的基本结构为“Itis/was十被强调部分 与之对应的动词有seize(突然侵袭，突然控制)， +hat/who十其他部分”。如： choke(使哽咽)，flood(使大受感动，充满)，creep Martin realized it was not about the quantity of (不知不觉地产生)，grp(使感兴趣，对…产生 friends but the quality that mattered.马丁意识 强有力的影响)，give way to(被…代替)等。 到重要的不是朋友的数量，而是质量。 Panic seized her.她突然惊慌失措。 (2023·新课标I、Ⅱ卷)It was at that moment Despair choked her words.她绝望得说不出话来。 that I was overwhelmed with gratitude to my A great sense of relief flooded over him.他深感 teacher.就在那一刻，我对老师充满了感激之情。 宽慰。 It was not until then that I came to realize that A slight feeling of fear slowly crept on him.他慢 we should always be honest.直到那时我才意识 慢地感到一丝恐惧。 到我们应该永远诚实。 I saw the puzzled look in his eyes gave way to 8.虚拟语气 sadness.我看见他眼神中的困惑变成了悲伤。 在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况 第二类：主语是表示时间和地点的名词 时用虚拟语气：表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感 这类名词有the town(镇)，the following year(第 时，也用虚拟语气。如： 二年)等。与之对应的动词有witness(见证)， If there hadn't been your help,the boy would see,boast(有引以为荣的事物)等。 have failed in the test.要是没有你的帮助，这个 Beijing has witnessed great changes in recent 男孩就会在测试中不及格。 years.北京见证了最近几年的巨大变化。 But for this experience,she wouldn't have The following year saw the death of his mother. realized that she should spend more time with 第二年他的妈妈去世了。 her family..如果没有这次经历，她就不会意识到 The town boasts a beautiful lake.这座小镇引以 她应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。 为荣的是有一片美丽的湖。 472 第三类：主语是表示自然现象的名词 The good idea of solving the problem delighted 这类名词有fog(雾)，earthquake(地震)等。与 all of us present at the meeting.解决这个问题的 之对应的动词有blanket(覆盖)，come,bring, 好主意使出席会议的我们都很高兴。 prevent,.strike(袭击)，hit,threaten等。 Overwhelmed by the feeling of excitement,Catalina The thick fog blanketed the field.浓雾笼罩着整 nodded and began to assist the astronomer..卡t塔 个大地。 琳娜非常兴奋，她点了点头，开始帮助那位天文 An earthquake came like a thief in the night, 学家 without warning.地震出乎意料地到来，没有任 三、巧用修辞手法 何警示。 无论是在汉语还是在英语中，修辞都是一门具 The rain prevented tourists from enjoying the 有独特魅力的艺术。在读后续写中，恰当地运用修 full moon.雨使得游客无法欣赏到满月。 辞手法可以使平淡的语言变得鲜活、生动，从而增 第四类：主语是表示身体部位和音容的名词 强文章的表现力，也有助于获得高分。较为常用的 这类名词有face(脸)，laughter(笑声)等。与之 修辞手法有比喻和拟人两种。 对应的动词有light up(照亮：露出喜色)， 1.比喻 比喻是根据事物之间的相似点，把某一事物比作 brightent(照亮)，linger(继续存留)，well up(涌 另一事物，从而把抽象的事物说得具体、形象，把 出)，f1ash(掠过：突然显露)等。 深奥的道理说得通俗、浅显、明白。常见的比喻 Her face lit up/brightened when I gave her the 形式有明喻和暗喻两种。 present.我给她礼物时，她的脸上焕发出了光彩。 (1)明喻通常是把被比喻的“本体”和用以比喻的 Laughter lingered around the room.笑声在房间 “喻体”同时说出，说明本体事物像喻体事物。它 里萦绕。 是最简单、最常见的一种修辞手法，其常见的标 When he saw the familiar handwriting,tears 志词有like,as,asif,as though等。 welled up in his eyes..当看到熟悉的字迹时，他热 Jenny couldn't resist her inner joy,flying into 泪盈眶。 the door like a bird.(情感描写) Her eyes flashed with anger.她的眼中闪出怒火。 珍妮控制不住内心的喜悦，像小鸟一样飞进了 第五类：主语是表示行为和动作的名词 家门。 这类名词有sight,thought,glance,.look,idea, The scenery along the journey is just like a feeling等。与之对应的动词有strike(突然想 breathtaking landscape painting.(景物描写) 到：让…觉得)，arouse(唤起)，remind,fill, 沿途的风景就像一幅令人叹为观止的山水画。 delight,frighten,overwhelm(压倒；满溢)等。 The icy wind started howling,cutting my face A terrible thought suddenly struck me.我突然有 like a sharp knife.(环境描写) 一个可怕的想法。 寒风开始咆哮，像锋利的小刀一样刺痛了我 The sight of the scene filled me with horror. 的脸。 到这个情景我心中充满了恐惧。 The smile on her face was as vibrant as the sun A glance along his bookshelves arouses my on a summer day..(情感描写) interest in reading.扫一眼他的书架就激发我读 她脸上的笑容和夏天的太阳一样充满活力。 书的兴趣 I reached out to touch her face,which was as His frightening look frightened all the boys cold as the ice.(人物描写) away.他那可怕的样子把所有的男孩都吓跑了。 我伸手去摸她的脸，她的脸像冰一样凉。 473 Her hair grew greyer and greyer,as if (it had 实战演练》 been)covered with snow and frost..(肖像描写) I.翻译句子 她的头发越来越白了，简直像盖了一头皑皑的 1.珍妮如释重负，把真相告诉了大家。（形容词作 霜雪。 状语) (2)暗喻与明喻不同，暗喻不通过比喻词表现出 来，而是直接将一种事物当成另一种事物来描 写，此时两种事物之间的联系和相似之处都是暗 2.简感到害怕和无助，坐在一棵树旁，用胳膊抱着 含的。暗喻较明喻而言更加简洁，也更加生动、 自己的肩膀取暖。（非谓语动词作状语） 深刻，表现力强。 Her hair was a golden river streaming down her shoulders.(肖像描写) 3.他们拥抱、亲吻，泪水顺着脸颊流淌下来。(wth 她的头发像是一条流淌在她肩上的金色河流。 复合结构) The beautiful park was a scented carpet of color. (景物描写) 那个美丽的公园就像一块芬芳的彩色地毯 I felt a lump in my throat,tears welling up in my 4.“我…我不知道。”他结结巴巴地说，他的声音 eyes.(情感描写) 因恐惧而颤抖。（独立主格） 我喉头哽咽，泪水湿润了眼眶。 The boy wolfed down the food.(动作描写) 这个男孩狼吞虎咽地吃完了食物。 5.如果她没有和汤姆吵架，他们在湖边就会玩得很 2.拟人 开心。（虚拟语气） 拟人就是把事物人格化，它既能生动形象地写出 某事物的某个特点，又使事物具有拟人化后特有 的具象效果 6.妈妈紧紧地拥抱这对双胞胎，他们的脸兴奋得通 The breeze gently kissed her cheeks.(环境描写) 红。（定语从句） 微风轻柔地亲吻着她的脸颊。 The feathery snowflakes danced in the night air, making a beautiful picture.(景物描写) 7.因为他一直说想要与世人分享他的画，我知道必 鹅毛般的雪花在夜空中飞舞，构成了一幅美丽的 须做什么。（名词性从句） 图画。 Immediately,an absolute darkness ruled the forest..(环境描写) 8.我感谢他，说他不仅用手艺补好了我的衬衫，还 顷刻间，一片黑暗统治了森林。 用体育精神补好了我的梦想。（倒装结构） Fear seized/swallowed him.(情感描写) 恐惧把他吞噬了。 Anger choked my words.(情感描写) 9.就在那一刻，我对老师充满了感激之情。（强调 我气得说不出话来。 句结构；overwhelm) A good idea suddenly struck me.(心理描写) 我突然想到一个好主意。 474十五、实战演练 8.I thanked him.saying that not only did he mend my shirt with his 【参考范文】 craftsmanship but he also repaired my dream with The Person I Admire Most sportsmanship. When it comes to the person I admire most,I can't help 9.It was at that moment that I was overwhelmed with gratitude to thinking of Fan Jinshi who is an archaeologist and a guard of my teacher. Dunhuang. 10.A cold feeling erept over his heart and made him shiver. After graduating from Peking University.Fan Jinshi chose to 11.Drowned in happiness.Jimmy dashed out of the school gate like work in Mogao Caves,Dunhuang.Although the living environment a free bird. was terrible,she was deeply attracted by the works of art and 12.Seeing such extraordinary beauty.I think every cell in my body desired to protect them for the future generations.She and her team woke up. overcame difficulties.explored scientific concepts and built a"digital Ⅱ，短文续写 Dunhuang",which has balanced the relationship between cultural 【参考范文】 relics protection and tourism. Paragraph 1: Fan Jinshi is called the daughter of Dunhuang.She deserves the But Molly insisted that they should wait and keep the book respect of all at home and abroad She didn't place the illustrated book on the bookshelf,hoping Rick 第二章读后续写 would show up soon.A kid might make all kinds of promises and fail to keep them.But Rick was so sincere and eager that Molly 第2节技法指导 believed he wouldn't break his promise.A kid's promise is more valuable than the cost of the book.The book would rest in the 技法三 drawer still until Rick showed up.Then on one sunny morning. 【参考范文】 Molly found a little boy running all the way towards her bookstore Paragraph 1: holding something.The little boy was exactly Rick. A few weeks later,when I almost forgot the contest,there Paragraph 2: came the news.To everyone's surprise,I,an immigrant,won first Rick pushed the door open and rushed to the counter holding place in the writing contest.Hearing the good news.I felt a sense of his money box.Molly excitedly pulled the drawer open,took out the joy surging through me.I leapt into the air and shouted out loud,"I illustrated book and walked out from the counter immediately.She made it!"During the award presentation ceremony.I was invited to knelt with one leg and smiled at Rick.handing the book to Rick. deliver a speech.Patiently and confidently,I told the audience how I Rick's eyes were shining looking at the book,and he put the box on once didn't love writing and now enjoyed writing and how I realized the floor and held the book."I think you guys had better make your the value of perseverance with the help of my teacher. deal here at the coffee table,"said Rex.Molly winked at him Paragraph 2: delightedly.The sunlight came through the glass window and cas I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation.With on the little customer and the nice lady the trophy in hand,I entered the office.My teacher rose from the seat and came up to me.“Congratulations！”he said,.slapping me on 第3节语料素材 the back.He grinned from ear to ear as I showed him the trophy."I 一、（五）实战演练 owe my success to you."I said sincerely."Without your 1.Her face lit up with happiness as she received the presents encouragement and belief,I wouldn't have succeeded."He laughed. prepared by the children. his eyes shining with excitement."I knew you had it in you.I'm 2.They jumped to their feet at the news.with their eyes filled with proud of you for not giving up.Whenever looking back on this joy. incident.I feel extremely grateful to him.It was my social studies Hearing the news,they jumped to their feet with joy in their teacher who encouraged me to realize my potential and thus changed eyes. the course of my life. 3.Overwhelmed with gratitude,I couldn't say a word. 技法四实战演练 4.I was so deeply moved that tears welled up in my eyes. 1.翻译句子 5.Hearing the news that his father passed away.his eyes welled up 1.Relieved.Jenny told the truth to everyone. with tears. 2.Feeling scared and helpless.Jane sat beside a tree and held her 6.She got lost and it began to rain.a deep sense of despair shoulders in her arms to make herself warm. overwhelming her. 3.They hugged and kissed with tears rolling/pouring/streaming 7.Her face turning pale,she stood there,tongue-tied. down their cheeks. 8.My heart was in my mouth when I walked into her office. 4."I...I don't know,"he stammered.his voice trembling with 9.At the thought of the frightening bear.a sense of fear welled up fear. in him. 5.If she had not quarreled with Tom.they would have enjoyed a 10.He was half dead with fear when he found he was surrounded by great time near the lake. wolves. 6.Mother hugged the twins tightly,whose faces were glowing with (九)实战演练 excitement. 1.Having known others'attitude,he shook/trembled with anger. 7.Since he continued speaking about wanting to share his paintings holding his clothes firmly. with the world.I knew what had to be done. 2.Filled with anger.Mike was unable to speak a word 640