Unit 4 Space Exploration-【金榜题名】2026年高考英语一轮总复习

必修第三册 Unit 4 Space Exploration 排查基础知识 》> ■ Ⅱ，重点单词一记形 [词汇句型必背] L.launch vt..&.n.发射；发起；上市 I.阅读单词一会意 2.mankind n.人类 l.astronaut n.宇航员；太空人 3.signal ot.&.vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号； 2.procedure n.程序；步骤；手续 标志 3.cm abbr.(centimetre or centimeter)厘米 4.recycle vt.回收利用；再利用 4.rocket n.火箭；火箭弹 5.muscle.肌肉；实力：影响力 6.float vi..浮动：漂流；漂浮t.使浮动：使漂流 5.gravity n.重力：引力 7.otherwise adv.否则：要不然 6.frontier n.边境；国界：边远地区 8.beyond prep.在更远处；超出 7.vehicle n.交通工具；车辆 9.current adj.当前的：现在的n.水流：电流； 8.satellite n.人造卫星；卫星 思潮 9.orbit n.(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力 10.towel n.毛巾；抹布 范围t.&vi.沿轨道运行：环绕…运行 1L.keen adj.热衷的；渴望的 l0.giant adj.巨大的：伟大的n.巨人；巨兽： 12.shallow adj.肤浅的；浅的 伟人 13.pattern n.模式；图案；模范 ll.leap n.跳跃；剧增；剧变vi.&.t.(leapt, 14.monitor n.监视器；监测仪t.监视；监测； leapt or leaped,leaped)跳过；跃过 监控 12.agency n.(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代 15.resource n.资源；财力；物力 理处 16.oxygen n.氧；氧气 Ⅲ.拓展单词一悉变 13.transmit vt..&.vi.传输：发送 l.mental ad.精神的；思想的→mentally adu. 14.data n.[pl.]资料；数据 精神上地 l5.spacewalk n.太空行走；太空行走的时间 2.intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→ 16.jade n.玉；翡翠；玉器 intelligence n.智慧 17.solar adj.太阳的：太阳能的 3.determined adj.有决心的：意志坚定的→ 18.solar system太阳系：类太阳系 determine ut..查明；确定；决定→determination l9.sufficient adj.足够的；充足的 n.决心；果断 20.soap n.肥皂 4.disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappoint 2l.microwave n.(also microwave oven)微波炉 t.使失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的一 22.tissue n.纸巾；（人，动植物细胞的）组织 disappointment n.失望；沮丧 23.facility n.设施；设备 5.desire n.渴望；欲望t.渴望；期望→desirable adj.值得做的 24.fatal adj.致命的；灾难性的 6.independent adj..独立的；自立的→independently 25.high-end adj.高端的 adu.独立地；自立地→independence n.独立； 26.foam n.泡沫橡胶；泡沫 自立→depend vi.依靠 27.pillow n.枕头 7.lack v.缺乏：没有n.缺乏；短缺→lacking 28.smartphone n.智能手机 adj.缺乏的；不足的 29.closing adj.结尾的：结束的n.停业：关闭： 8.globe n.地球；世界；地球仪→global adj.全球 倒闭 的：全面的 107 金榜题名创新高考总复习英语 9.argue vt.&.ui.论证；争辩；争论→argument V.悟经典句式 n.争论；争吵；论点 1.Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything I0.analysis n.(pl.analyses)(对事物的)分析；分 down while working in space because everything 析结果→analyz(s)eu.分析 would float off otherwise.(otherwise引导的含 ll.regular adj.定期的；经常的；正常的→ 蓄虚拟条件句) regularly adv.有规律地；经常定期地→ 宇航员在太空工作时，不得不用胶带把所有的 irregular adj.无规律的；不定期的 东西固定下来，否则所有的东西都会飘走。 l2.limited adj.有限的→limitless/unlimited 2.Sending people to other planets or even beyond adj.无限的→limit vt.&.n.限制 the solar system is not an easy goal to achieve. 13.mystery m.神秘事物；谜→mysterious adj.神 (主语+be十adj.十todo..) 秘的 把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个 14.attach ot.系；绑；贴→attached adj.附着的； 容易达到的目标。 依恋的→attachment n.附件；附属品；依恋 3.Firstly,exploring space has already made a [拔高词汇选修] difference in the fight against world hunger. 1.accustomed/3'kAstomd/adj.习惯于；通 (动名词短语作主语) 常的 首先，太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中 2.cherish/erl叮/t.抱有（信念、希望）：怀念； 发挥了重要作用。 珍爱 4.As a result,space-based science has helped 3.exhausted/Ig'zo:stId/adj.筋疲力尽的；枯 farming in its efforts to grow enough food to 竭的 feed Earth's increasing population.(现在分词 4.whatsoever/wptsou'evo(r)/adu.丝毫 作前置定语) (不)；一点也（不） 因此，基于太空的科学有助于提高农业产量， 5.spontaneous/sppn'teInios,/ad.自发的；自 从而为地球上不断增长的人口提供充足的 然的 食物。 6.unprecedented/an'presldentld./adj.前所 未有的：空前的 [语境词汇串记] 7.earnest/3nlst/ad.非常认真的；真诚的 Mankind has managed to create facilities 8.invade/n'veld/vi.&.vt.武装入侵；侵略； and vehicles to carry astronauts into the universe. 侵犯 They launch rockets 1. (carry)satellites. 9.surrender/s3 rendo(r)/i.&t.投降：（被 Many intelligent people around the globe are 迫)放弃，交出n.投降；屈服：屈从 determined to devote 2. (they)to space l0.capture/kaeptfo(r)/n.(被)捕获；（被）俘 exploration,even though fatal space disasters 获t.停虏；停获；捕获 which killed astronauts on board make them IN.背核心短语 3. (disappoint).Besides,when living in l.carry on继续做，坚持干 space,the astronauts have to recycle dirty water 2.on board在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上 so as to use it later.4. lack of gravity, 3.in the hope of doing sth..抱着…的希望 their muscles become weak.They have to tape 4.so as to(do sth.)为了：以便 everything up,5. they would float 5.figure out弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白 around.They also need to figure out a way to 6.result in导致；造成 store sufficient food and oxygen.However, 7.as a result所以；结果（是） people's desire 6. (explore)space never 8.provide for sb.提供生活所需 dies.China is the third country to send humans 9.in closing最后 into space independently.This signals a giant leap 10.run out用完；耗尽 forward for China.Some people argue that we 108 必修第三册 should stop 7. (waste)time and money the ever 9. (increase)population.In on space exploration,8. is a shallow closing,we attach great importance to solving view.Our planet's resources are limited,and as a the mystery about space and will carry on with result,we should find a new home to provide for space exploration 10. (regular). 突破核心考点 》 L.disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的(disappoint vt. (3)既然你渴望学习中国文化，我认为北京语 使失望disappointing adj.令人失望的 言文化大学是你的理想去处。（应用文写作之 disappointment n.失望，沮丧) 建议信) ·be disappointed at,/with/by..对…感到 Since you 失望 I think Beijing Language and Culture be disappointed to do sth..对做某事感到 University is an ideal place for you. 3.lack vt.缺乏；缺少；没有n.缺乏；短缺 失望 (lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的) be disappointed that.,.对…失望 ·(a)lack of缺少… ·to one's disappointment令某人失望的是 for/through lack of因缺少… (1)One by one,the applicants left the interviewer's ·be lacking in在…方面缺乏 office with disappoint)looks on (1)Later,he worked in Africa,where many their faces. people suffered from blindness lack (2)To their disappointment,they failed to of proper treatment.(2020·江苏高考) cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first (2)Though lack)money,his attempt..(2021·新课标I卷，读后续写) parents managed to send him to a university. ① (3)由于缺乏足够的训练，我们在即将到来的 was that they failed to cook a Mother's Day 比赛中将很难取胜。(2019·全国Ⅱ卷，书面 breakfast at the first attempt.(用what引导 表达) 的主语从句改写) → we will have 2They failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast great trouble in winning the coming match. at the first attempt, (介词短语) ,(用定语从句改写) we will have 2.desire n.渴望：欲望：愿望vt.渴望；期望 great trouble in winning the coming match. (desirable adj.值得做的) (分词作状语) 4.argue vt..&vi.争论；争辩；论证(argument n. ·have a desire to do sth.渴望做某事 争论：争辩；争吵：论点) have a desire for sth.渴望得到某物 ·desire to do sth.渴望做某事 ·argue with sb.about/over sth.因某事与 某人争吵/争论 desire sb.to do sth.渴望某人做某事 argue for/against(doing)sth.据理赞成 desire that..(should)do..渴望 反对（做）某事 (1)We desire that immediate help argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人 (give)to the local villagers who have been 做/不做某事 trapped by the flood. ·beyond argument无可争论 (2)We all share a common desire (1)It's no use (argue)with him pleasure,connection and something that is the question for he won't change his greater than us. mind. 109 金榜题名创新高考总复习英语 (2)When this happens,the important thing is 7.run out用完；耗尽（物作主语，无被动语态） to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a un out of用光，用完（人作主语，有被动语态） heated (argue). run across偶然遏到 (3)根据上面的表格，65%的学生赞成听英语 run after追逐；追求 歌曲而18%的学生主张他们可以通过读英语 run into撞上；遇上，偶然遇到；碰上（困境、麻 名著来提高他们的英语水平。(2022·全国乙 烦等) 卷，书面表达) 用run短语的正确形式填空 Based on the above chart, (1)I'm of petrol,so I have to stop at the next filling station. (2)Today I am very glad to have the chance to 5.attach vt.系；绑；贴；把…固定；重视(attached the vice president of the adj.附加的；依恋的，爱慕的attachment n.附 English Club. 件：附属品：依恋) (3)Mary was fond of every ·attach...to..把…附在…上；把… new fashion when she was young. (4)1 an old friend of mine in 绑在…上 the street,whom I haven't seen for several attach importance/significance/value/weight years. t0..认为…有重要性/意义/价值/分量 8.动名词短语作主语Firstly,exploring space ·be attached to喜欢，依恋：附属于 has already made a difference in the fight (1)This hospital (attach)to the against world hunger.首先，太空探索己经在对 medical college nearby was destroyed in the 抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用 flood. exploring space是动名词（短语）在句中作主 (2)On returning home,she found a note 语。单个动名词（短语）作主语，谓语动词用 (attach)to the door,reading“Call in later'”. 单数；两个或两个以上用复数，doing作主语 (3)在学习语言的过程中，你再怎么强调阅读 还有以下情况：(1)it作形式主语：It is no 的重要性也不为过。（应用文之建议信） use/no good/useless doing sth.“做某事没 You can never 用，”；It is a waste of time doing sth..“做某事 during the course of learning language. 浪费时间。”(2)动名词的复合结构：名词所有 6.result in导致；造成 格/形容词性物主代词十doing作主语。 ·result from由…导致；因…而产生 (1)Keeping a keen mind and being determined ·as a result因此 (be)what it takes to be successful. as a result of由于… (2)在森林中迷路使我的心提到了嗓子眼儿， without result没有结果；徒劳地 但是我知道感到害怕是没用的，找到走出森林 (1)用result短语的正确形式填空 的路才是我现在必须做的事情。（读后续写之 恐惧心理描写) Misunderstandings lack of made my social communication and,if not handled heart in my mouth.But I knew that properly,may more serious and problems. we should master was what I must do right now. sufficient communicating skills. (3)在我看来，玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。 (2)这次活动不仅将提供一个了解中国文化的 In my opinion, 机会，而且将增进相互理解和友谊。(2023· 天津6月卷，书面表达) (4)他考试又不及格使他很羞愧，他羞愧地低 Not only will the activity provide an opportunity 着头。（读后续写之羞愧心理描写） to learn about the Chinese culture made him ashamed and he hung down his head in shame. 110 必修第三册 基础达标练 >》 ■ I,一词多义练/熟词生义练一清除阅读障碍 (4)After the launch of the products,they have 1.signal won good praises from customers for their A.n.信号B.i.发信号，用信号示意 convenient and high-efficient superior properties. C.t.(用言语或行动)表明，表示 D.t.标志，证明 4.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉 (1)The traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard in 语意思 Bellevue,Washington,generally don't flash (1)And in contrast to our increasingly networked the same length of green twice in a row, lives where the information we consume is especially at rush hour..(2020·浙江7月卷) monitored and tracked,a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private,"off- (2)In addition,their arms that are unnecessary line”activity.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) for moving around are freed for other purposes,like throwing stones or signaling. (2)David had a brain disease which prevented (2019·江苏高考) him from walking or running like other (3)The lengthening days signal the end of children,but at school his classmates thought winter. of him as a regular kid.(2022·新课标I卷) (4)Both sides have signalled their willingness to start cooperation. (3)"We floated the idea to my mum of sharing 2.otherwise a house,”says Kathryn Whitehead..(2020· A.adu.以其他方式B.adu.否则：要不然 全国Ⅲ卷) C.adu.除此以外 (4)Start a business using the help of your local library.If you want to have a business of (1)Seize the chance,otherwise you won't enjoy your own,your local library can become a the beautiful traditional Chinese paintings. launch space for it.(2020·天津7月卷) (2021·浙江6月卷) (2)There was some music playing upstairs. Ⅱ.核心知识强化练一巩固语言知识 Otherwise the house was silent. 1.We prefer to describe emotional (3)It is not permitted to sell or otherwise (intelligent)as a specific set of skills that can distribute copies of past examination papers. be used for either good or bad purposes. 2.The young man had a strong desire 3.launch (earn)a living by himself soon after he graduated. A.发射卫星等B.创办：发行C.发动，发 3.By taking exercise (regular),I have 起运动、战役等D.新产品投入市场 grown healthy not only physically,but also (1)It is confirmed that China will launch more (mental)in the past few years. spacecrafts to the moon in the following year. 4.There is no denying that China's economy plays an important role in the (2)The police have launched an investigation (globe)economy. into the case,which has resulted in great 5.It was wise of him to admit what he had done, concerns nationwide. otherwise he (get)into (3)The Idler was launched by Tom Hodgkinson, series of trouble. back in1993.(2023·新课标卷，听力) 6.The diversity between minorities often brings about (argue). 111 金榜题名创新高考总复习英语 7.It is (universe)acknowledged that 9.We headed to the bar, (signal)to wealth doesn't necessarily mean happiness. the girl that she could take part in the campaign limit)though time was,they (launch)by the company. 8. 10 (blame)by my father made managed to achieve much after taking a series me so sad that I hid my face in my hands, of measures tears rolling down my cheeks. 写作提升练 》 ■ ◇应用文增分练一太空探索 最近，你班同学就“太空探索是否值得”这 一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下列提供的 5.70%的人重视太空探索，认为探索太空带来了 信息，用英语写一篇短文介绍讨论的情况。 很多好处，比如利用卫星进行通信和天气预 1.30%的同学认为太空探索不值得； 报。(attach:result in;动名词短语作主语) 2.70%的同学认为值得探索； 3.你的观点。 【完成句子】 6.随着地球上有限的能源逐渐耗尽，我们必须找 L.人类一直渴望探索太空。(desire to do..) 到解决能源短缺问题的新方法。(wth复合结 构；run out) 2.最近，我们班的学生就太空是否值得探索展开 了激烈的讨论。(argument:宾语从句)》 【组句成篇】 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组 3.30%的人认为太空探索不值得，认为太空离我 成一篇80词左右的短文。 们和我们的日常生活太远了。(argue that:现 在分词短语作状语) 4.我们在太空探索上花了太多钱，要不然这些钱 本可以用来解决地球上的饥饿和污染等问题。 (otherwise引导的含蓄虚拟条件句；定语 从句) ◇续写积累精练 教材语料整合 [情感描写]determined adj.→determine.;disappointed adj.→disappoint v.→disappointment.→ disappointing adj.desire v.&n.-desirable adj.:in the hope of:keen:shallow 亮词 [动作描写] launch:leap:carry on:signal;figure out;argue;result in;monitor:provide for:run out;so as to 112 必修第三册 续表 1.Looking up at the stars,people have always wanted to learn more about space,and scientists work hard to find answers.(动作描写) 2.However,some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space. (情感描写) 美句 3.These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed,but the desire to explore the universe never died..(情感描写十无灵主语) 4.Despite the difficulties,scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began,but also help us survive well into the future.（主旨升华) 5.As a result,space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth's increasing population.(拟人修辞) 拓展语料积累 【情感细节描写：震惊、惊讶（一）】 shocked adj.震惊的；stun.惊呆→stunned adj..惊呆的；amazement m.惊愕；惊诧→amazed adj.. 单词 惊诧的→amazing adj.令人惊诧的；astonish.使惊讶→astonishment n.惊讶→astonishing adj: 令人惊讶的→astonished adj.感到惊讶的 to one's shock/surprise/amazement/astonishment令人惊讶的是；wear a look of surprise on one's face面带惊讶的表情：be numb with surprise/shock惊呆；a look of surprise spread over/flash 词块 across one's face脸上闪过惊讶的表情：too surprised to utter a word/,be speechless with shock惊 讶得说不出话 l.So stunned was she that she could hardly say any word.(倒装结构)她惊愕得说不出话来。 2.They stopped in their tracks,raised their head and stared at him in amazement.他们停下脚步， 抬起头，惊奇地注视着他。 3.A look of surprise spread over the face of my companion as he listened to my story..(无灵主语 句)我的同伴听了我的故事，脸上露出惊讶的表情。 句型 4.At the the news of his death,I was so shocked that I went numb.听到他去世的消息，我太过震 惊，呆若木鸡。 5.Rose froze with shock,as if rooted on the ground.(比喻句)罗斯惊呆了，好像扎根在地上一样。 6.I stared at him in shock and a faint sound of surprise escaped my throat..我惊愕地盯着他，喉咙里 发出微弱的惊愕声。 语料运用 【太空事故】 News came that all astronauts on board died during their mission.Hearing the news,people all over the country① .② (倒装结构)his throat felt tight,③ (形容词短语作状语).The disaster made everyone sad and disappointed,but④ never died.Scientists and astronauts 5 so as to console those who sacrificed for the cause and make contributions to all mankind. 消息传来，机上所有宇航员在执行任务时全部遇难。听到这个消息，全国人民都惊呆了。总统如 此震惊，喉咙紧纫，一句话也说不出来。这场灾难使每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但是探索宇宙的愿望 却没有停止。科学家和宇航员决心找出原因，继续研究，以慰藉那些为航天事业牺牲的人们，为全人 类做出贡献。 请完成课时作业（十五） 113encounter problems in English learning,she listens to me patiently 续写积累精练语料运用 and explains them carefully,helping me overcome the difficulties.As DI was fortunate to be selected as I was close to tears teenage students,we are sometimes put into situations where we get experiencing authentic France culture first hand tears would lost and fall in despair.Whenever we are in trouble,it is always her roll down my cheeks I almost broke down Eyes watery who carries us through the tough period.She has won great respect from all us students and in our mind,no one is more beautiful Unit 4 Space Exploration than her. 排查基础知识 续写积累精练语料运用 [语境词汇串记] Dwhich threw her in the depth of despair she often sobbed wept with her face buried in her hands bathed in tears 1.carrying 2.themselves 3.disappointed 4.For 5.otherwise 6.to explore 7.wasting 8.which 9.increasing 10.regularly determined to assist her to regain strength and confidence accompanied her to join in community activities Susan's 突破核心考点 tension was replaced by confidence It is you that/who carry me 1.(1)disappointed (2)What made them disappointed/What through the tough situation disappointed them which made them disappointed/which disappointed them Unit 3 Diverse Cultures 2.(1)(should)be given (2)for (3)have a strong desire to learn 排查基础知识 Chinese culture [语境词汇串记] 3.(1)for (2)lacking (3)For lack of enough training Lacking 1.wearing 2.a 3.definitely 4.made 5.where 6.best enough training 7.to seek 8.activities 9.and 10.amazing 4.(1)arguing about/over (2)argument (3)65%of the 突破核心考点 students argue for enjoying English songs while 18%of the 1.(1)Unfortunately (2)seek/try his fortune if/whether he could students argue that they can have their English level improved by make a fortune had the good fortune to/was fortunate to reading English classics fortunately/luckily 5.(1)attached (2 attached (3)attach too much importance 2.(1)having made (2)admitted (3)admission (4)Learning that to reading you have been admitted into/to Peking University 6.(1)resulting from result in As a result (2)but also it will 3.(1)from (2)being killed escaped (3)At last,we had a result in mutual understanding and friendship narrow escape.fortunately escaping being hurt by the hungry 7.(1)running out (2)run for (3)runnig after (4)run across polar bear.(4)her name escapes me 8.(1)are (2)Being lost in the forest it was no use feeling 4.(1)be settled (2)settlers (3)settled down to working and frightened finding my way out of the forest (3)it is a waste of picking oranges time playing computer games (4)His failing in the exam again 5.(1)brought up brought about (2)bring down (3)brings back 基础达标练 (4)bring out I,1.(1)A(2)B(3)D(4)C 6.(1)focused (2)permitting (3)being (4)my legs trembling 2.(1)B(2)C(3)A and my heart beating wildly (5)tears welling up in her eyes 3.(1)A(2)C(3)B(4)D 基础达标练 L.(1)监视，监听(2)正常的：普通的(3).提出，提请考虑（想 1.1.(1)D(2)B(3)E(4)A(5)C 法或计划)(4)启动 2.(1)E(2)A(3)B(4)C(5)D ll,1.intelligence 2.to earn 3.regularly mentally 4.global 3.(1)控制：抑制(2)赢得：博得(3)满足需要(4)迅速成长： 5.would have got 6.arguments 7.universally 8.Limited 大量涵现(5)招纳：招收 9.signaling launched 10.Being blamed Il.1.selection 2.Fortunately 3.admission 4.diversity 写作提升练 5.collections 6.taking 7.construction 8.suitable 9.financial 应用文增分练【参考范文】 10.that Humans have always been desiring to explore space.Recently. 写作提升练 students in our class have had a heated argument about whether 应用文增分练【参考范文】 space is worth exploring. Dear Chris, 30%of us argue that space exploration is not worthwhile, How is everything going?Though it's long since we met at the thinking space is too far away from us and our daily life.We have China-Ireland Culture Festival,our acquaintance there and the festival itself stay fresh in my memory. spent too much money on space exploration which otherwise could have been used to deal with the earth's problems such as starvation To promote cultural exchange between the two countries,the China Ireland Culture Festival was held in our city last month. and pollution.On the other hand.70%attach importance to space Present at the festival were some student representatives of both exploration.believing that exploring space has resulted in a lot of countries.many of whom took part in such activities for the first benefits,such as using satellites for communication and weather time.The festival being so successful,student representatives forecast. travelled around the city,gave amazing performances and exchanged As far as I am concerned,space exploration is worthy to be ideas,helping me gain a glimpse into the diversity and richness of conducted.With the limited resourees running out on the earth,we the two dynamic cultures.What impressed me most was the Culture must find new ways to settle the problem of energy shortage. Night,where people from both countries presented their well Besides,with further space research,we may solve the population prepared art performances. problem by moving to other planets one day. It is fortunate that we made acquaintance with each other in the 续写积累精练语料运用 event and may we keep in touch and our friendship be everlasting. were numb with shock So stunned was the president that Yours sincerely, unable to utter a word the desire to explore the universe Li Hua determined to figure out the reason and carry on their research 613