课时冲关18 Unit 9 Human Biology-【金榜题名】2026年高考英语一轮总复习课时作业（北师大版）

课时冲关18UNIT9 HUMAN BIOLOGY I,阅读理解主题语境：人与自然题裁：说明文 话题：阳光会影响你的身心健康 You probably know that sunshine affects suggested that men and women may respond your mental and physical health.New differently to UV-B.But the number of research shows it may also affect your volunteers in these tests was too small to be appetite-but only if you're male. persuasive. That finding surprised Carmit Levy,who Fortunately,Levy's colleague Andrews had been studying how ultraviolet-B(UV-B) had access to data from almost 3,000 people. rays affect the skin of mice.The sun's UV-B They'd all participated in Israel's first rays are the main cause of sunburns and skin nutrition survey,some 20 years before.These changes that can lead to cancer.Levy exposed data showed that 1,330 of the surveyed men mice to these rays for a few weeks.The dose consumed more food in summer months.From was so weak that it didn't cause any redness. March to September,they tended to down But Levy noticed changes in the animals'fat about 2,188 daily calories.They averaged tissue.Part of the mice also became heavier. only about 1,875 calories from October to Levy ordered new mice to look into these February.The 1,661 women in this study unexpected changes.The new group included consumed about 1,500 calories per day all a mix of males and females.She found that year long. UV-B exposure enhanced the appetite of male mice -but not females'.The males also Longer days in summer give males of worked harder to get at food that was difficult many species more time to hunt and provide to reach.Something was really motivating for their families.Consuming more food would them to eat more. give them the energy to do just that.In human She wondered whether sunlight might evolution,UV-B might have motivated our have a similar effect on people.To find it out, male ancestors to hunt more to help their she gathered volunteers for two studies.Both community survive. 258 1.Where is the text most probably taken A.She gathered more volunteers. from? B.She set out to conduct more tests. A.A textbook on biology. C.She invited more scientists to join her. B.An abstract of a food journal. D.She turned to some previous research C.A review of medical research. data. 4.What does the last paragraph mainly talk D.An essay from the science website. about? 2.What happened to the mice after weeks' A.Advantages of males of many species exposure to UV-B rays? over females. A.Their fat tissue decreased. B Reasons why males of many species B.Some of them gained weight. prefer summer. C.Their skin became reddened. C.Benefits of UV-B exposure to males of D.Some of them developed cancer. many species. 3.What did Levy do when she found her D.Effects of sunlight on the health of studies weren't convincing enough? males of many species. Ⅱ.七选五主题语境：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：缓解焦虑的音乐形式 The human mind suffers from a lot of Spa music is the music that is used in spa stress and anxiety in daily life.There are centers.This music has special slow beats many sounds that can help the people to which arouse the relaxing cells.It feels relaxing and good to the mind and ear.These concentrate on current situation or matters. sounds are used as a soul spa therapy in many 1 The following is the best relaxing countries. music to improve your concentration. 3 Sounds of whispering grass,the Classical music is music played with hustle of leaves,the humming of birds, instruments including orchestra,sitar,etc. sound of the raindrop,a cool breeze,a wind, 2 It is best for introverts(内向的人)as etc.These sounds greatly affect the ability to well as for the people who want to focus on do work and provide relaxation to mind and their studies and want to be quiet. soul. 259 Electrical music is also instrumental A.This music has no or fewer lyrics. music,but it is different from classical. B.Nature beat consists of natural sounds Classical is Sufi music.On the other hand, C.Most of the music have unknown original this music is produced with the help of new authors. digital instruments and devices. 4 D.Music isn't just a means of entertaining Mostly,it is composed of beats or instrumental ourselves. sounds. E.The selection of music varies from person These mentioned sounds are those few that to person. help the people to rebuild their concentration. F.This music is also related to the soul of 5 Some introverts like slow and rhythmic music while some like sounds with lyrics(歌词). religious music. Hence,it depends on the mental ability and G.So many people do music therapy to nature of the people. stabilize their minds. Ⅲ.读后续写主题语境：人与社会 题裁：记叙文 话题：邻里之间 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开 the time and the oldest of six active girls. 头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Despite the warnings,my sisters and I would The neighborhood kids nicknamed the often find ourselves drawn to the allure of strange old couple Crazy Jack and Ruby mischief.We should have played our softball Rednose.Rumor was that they sat inside and games elsewhere to avoid hurting the roses, drank tea all day.The only words we ever far from the reach of Jack and Ruby's heard from them were "Keep out of our watchful eyes,but we secretly delighted in rosebushes！” annoying Crazy Jack and Ruby Rednose. Our house was situated just a stone's The day of the incident was like any throw away from theirs,separated by a other,filled with the laughter and energy of stretch of land covered in the most vibrant youth.Mary was trying to catch a fly ball.She rosebushes.The rosebushes served as a fence stumbled(绊倒)over one of Ruby Rednose's between our house and theirs.I was eleven at rosebushes and fell on top of several more. 260 Just at that moment,Ruby Rednose 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； emerged.Her voice,usually reserved,now 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 echoed through the yard,laden with pain and Ruby walked over to my mother,we fury,"Look at what you've done to our girls holding our breath. roses!You've always been a trouble.You have no idea what this rosebush means tome!” Scared to death,my sisters and I quickly ran back into our house.Breathlessly,I told Mom what had happened.Mom responded with a mixture of anger and disappointment, "Girls,how many times have I told you not to play softball near those bushes?Come and A few weeks later,the plants all came help me fix them right now,she commanded. back to life. "Mom,we thought you didn't like the couple,we protested..“They're mean to us.” Mom rushed out of the house without saying a word.Out we rushed immediately to follow her to help repair the rose fence.While Mom was examining the damaged roses,Ruby slowly walked closer.She looked sad.And it wasn't her nose that was red-it was her eyes. 2615.of考查介词。句意同上。compose of是固定搭配，意为 nutrition survey,some20 years before.(幸运的是，某维 “由…组成”。 的同事安德鲁斯获得了近3000人的数据。大约20年前， 6.made考查非谓语动词。句意：每件衣服上都有一个由 他们都参加了以色列的第一次营养调查。)”可知，为了使 五彩丝线织成的方形大印章图案，像四个印章合在一起， 研究数据更可信，他们求助于以前的研究数据。故选 展现了少数民族的历史和神秘魅力。be made of“由… D项。 组成”，逻辑主语a big square seal--shaped pattem与动词 4.C主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Longer days in 短语make of之间是逻样上的被动关系，此处应用过去分 summer give males of many species more time to hunt 词短语，作后置定语。 and provide for their families.Consuming more food T.mysterious考查形容词。句意同上。空处应填形容词 would give them the energy to do just that.In human mysterious“种秘的”，作定语，修饰名词charm。 evolution.UV-B might have motivated our male 8.a考查冠词。句意：2014年，四印苗绣工艺被认定为省 ancestors to hunt more to help their community survive. 级代表性非物质文化遗产。根据下文的“provincial (夏季的白天更长，许多物种的雄性有更多的时间狩猎和 representative intangible cultural heritage”可知，此处泛 养家糊口。吃更多的食物会让他们有精力去做这件事。 指“一个省级代表性非物质文化遗产”，应用不定冠词， 在人类进化过程中，UV-B可能促使我们的男性祖先更多 provincial以辅音音素开头，应用a。 地狩猎，以帮助他们的社区生存。)”可知，本段主要强调 9.to showcase考查非谓语动词。句意：通过国际化的策 UV-B辐射对男性物种的益处。故选C项。 限方式，展示深厚的贵州民族文化，为国际文化交流和苗 Ⅱ，[语篇解读]本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种不 绣推广提供平台。固定搭配aim to do sth.“想要微某 同风格的可以帮助人们援解焦虑并专注于当前事物的音乐 事”，动词不定式作宾语。 形式。人们偏爱某一种音乐，这取决于人们的心理能力和 l0.promotion考查名词。句意同上，连词and前是名词短 性格。 语“intemational cultural exchange'”,并且设空后是介词 L.G根据上文“The human mind suffers from a lot of stress of,应用名词promotion。 and anxiety in daily life.There are many sounds that can help 课时冲关18 the people to concentrate on current situation or matters..”和下 "The following is the best relaxing music to improve your I,[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。新的研究表明，阳光 concentration.(以下是最好的放松音乐，以提高你的注意 除了会影响你的身心健康，也可能影响雄性动物的食欲。 力。)”可知，上文指出人类有压力、焦虑时，可以用一些声 L.D推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“You 音来让人静下心来，专注做事。下文提出有提高注意力 probably know that sunshine affects your mental and 的好音乐。由此可知，音乐可以让人们稳定心态。根据 physical health.New research shows it may also affect G"So many people do music therapy to stabilize their your appetite一but only if you're male.(你可能知道阳光 minds.(很多人通过音乐疗法来稳定自己的心态。)”符合 会影响你的身心健康。新的研究表明，它也会影响你的 语意。 食欲—但仅限于男性。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项新 2.F根据上文“Classical music is music played with 的研究，新的研究表明，阳光除了会影响你的身心健康， instruments including orchestra,sitar,ete,(古典音乐是 也可能影响雄性动物的食欲。所以文章出自于科学网 用管弦乐队、锡塔琴等乐器演奏的音乐。)”可知，本段关 站。故选D项。 键词为Classical music,F项“This music is also related to 2.B细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“L.evy exposed the soul of religious music..(这种音乐也与宗教音乐的精 mice to these rays for a few weeks.The dose was so weak 髓有关。)”可知，This music指代上文的Classical music, that it didn't cause any redness.But Levy noticed changes 下文“It is best for introverts(内向的人)as well as for in the animals'fat tissue.Part of the mice also became the people who want to focus on their studies and want to heavier..(利雏将老鼠暴露在这些射线下几个星期。剂量 be quiet..(它最适合内向的人，以及那些想要集中新力学 很弱，不会引起发红。但利雏注意到动物的脂防组织发 习和想要安静的人。)”，此处lIt依旧指代Classical music, 生了变化。部分老鼠也变重了。)”可知，在这些射线下辐 F项和下文展现了古典青乐的特点，上下文语意一致，F 射几周后，一些实验鼠的体重增加了。故选B项 项符合语意。 3.D细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Both suggested 3.B根据下文“Sounds of whispering grass,the hustle of that men and women may respond differently to UV-B. leaves,the humming of birds.sound of the raindrop,a But the number of volunteers in these tests was too small cool breeze,a wind,ete.These sounds greatly affect the to be persuasive,(两项研究都表明，男性和女性对UV-B ability to do work and provide relaxation to mind and 的反应可能不同。但参加这些测试的志愿者数量太少， soul.”可知，下文中描述了自然界的声音能使人们放松：B 不是以让人信服。)”以及第五段中的“Fortunately, 项“Nature beat consists of natural sounds.(自然节拍由 Levy's colleague Andrews had access to data from almost 自然声音组成。)”中关键词为natural sounds,下文是对 3,000 people.They'd all participated in Israel's first natural sounds的具体化。B项符合语意。 306 4.A根据上文“Electrical music is also instrumental 2.B细节理解题。根据第二段“Recently,a group of music,but it is different from classical.Classical is Sufi researchers led by Dr.Gonzalez conducted an experiment music.On the other hand,this music is produced with and proved that immigration is good for the health of the help of new digital instruments and devices."可知，上 animal populations..”(最近，冈萨需斯博士领导的一组研 文阐述了电子音乐与古典音乐的不同之处，A项“This 究人员进行了一项实验，证明了移民对动物种群的健康 music has no or fewer lyrics..(这首音乐没有歌词或歌词 有益。)可知，移民对动物有益。故选B项。 更少.)”，以及下文“Mostly,it is composed of beats or 3.C推理判嘶题。根据第二段“Recently,a group of instrumental sounds.(它大多是由节拍或器乐声音组成 researchers led by Dr.Gonzalez conducted an experiment 的。)”可知，this music指代Electrical music,根据句中的 and proved that immigration is good for the health of fewer lyrics,说明电子音乐和古典音乐的另一个不同之 animal populations.”,第三段“According to this theory, 处：电子音乐主要有节拍或器乐声组成，相对来说歌词很 when a local population struggles to move about 少，甚至没有歌词。下文与A项为顺接关系。上下文衔 because of an epidemic.for example-individuals from 接顺畅，语义一致。 neighboring communities can fill the gaps..”和第五段 5.E根据上文“These mentioned sounds are those few that "After waiting six months,they found that in the help the people to rebuild their concentration,(以上提到 disturbed habitats nearly all the bug population had 的几个声音都能帮助人们重新集中注意力。)”可知，此处 declined compared with undisturbed moss,and 40%of 为对上面各种能助人集中注意力的音乐的总结：E项 the species had become extinct..”可知，短文是通过提供科 "The selection of music varies from person to person. 学发现来呈现观点的。故选C。 乐的选择因人而异.)”承接上文：下文“Some introverts 4.D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段"In Britain,tunnels like slow and rhythmic music while some like sounds with are often built under roads for animals of...nature rub lyrics ()Hence,it depends on the mental ability and along a bit better.”可推知，通过合理建设道路，作者认为 nature of the people.”指出，下文是对E项的音乐选择因人而 道路造成的环境破坏可能会被减轻，故选D。 异的原因分析。故E项在此段中起到承上启下的作用。 B.[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了阿尔伯塔大 Ⅲ.[参考范文] 学的一项新研究发现，强大的社会网络对树木也是有好处 Ruby walked over to my mother,we girls holding our 的，森林土壤中的真菌网络给树木的生长提供了有利的 breath.We waited to see who would shout first and what 条件。 terrible things would be said."We are sorry about the 5,D细节理解题。根据第一段“The study is the first to flowers.The girls will fix them and help weed the roses. show that the growth of adult trees is linked to their My sisters and I looked at each other in horror,but Ruby participation in fungal networks living in the forest soil. smiled through her tears."I know we're particular about Though past research has focused on young trees,these these roses,but they're very special because they remind findings give new insight into the significance of fungal me of my mother."Soon both women were down on their networks to older trees -which are more environmentally knees examining the damaged bushes together. beneficial for functions like capturing carbon.(这项研究 A few weeks later,the plants all came back to life. 首次表明，成年树木的生长与它们参与的生活在森林土 My mother and Ruby worked together on the roses all 壤中的真菌网络有关。尽管过去的研完主要集中在幼树 summer and many summers to follow.So did my sisters and 上，但这些发现为了解真菌网络对更老的树木的重要性 I.A friendship was formed between the families.Ruby 提供了新的见解，因为老树对碳捕获等功能更具环境效 became part of our family,spending many happy hours at 益。)”可知，新的研究关注成年树木，而之前的发现关注 our house,especially during countless birthdays, 的是幼树，所以新发现与之前的发现的不同之处在于，新 graduations and weddings.And the rose fence wasn't a fence 发现揭示了真菌网络对成年树木的价值。 any longer.My mother had turned it into a bridge. .D细节理解题。根据第二段“When they live in the 课时冲关19 forest soil,fungal networks act as a sort of highway, I,A[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了新建道路 allowing water,nutrients and compounds to flow back 对环境的破坏以及如何通过实验找到避免这种破坏的新 and forth among the trees.The network also helps 方法。 nutrients flow to resource-limited trees like family units 1.C 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Minimizing the that support one another in times of stress..(当它们生活 environmental damage that new roads cause is generally 在森林土壤中时，真菌网络就像一条高速公路，让水、养 regarded as a good thing.But to do that,it helps to 分和化合物在树木之间来回流动。该网络还帮助养分流 understand just how new roads cause the damage of 向资源有限的树木，就像家庭单位一样在压力下相互支 which they are accused.”可知，短文主要告诉我们新路对 持。)”可知，真菌网络通过保持资源平衡的方式来帮助 环境造成的破坏。故选C项。 树木 307