课时冲关4 Unit 4 Information Technology-【金榜题名】2026年高考英语一轮总复习课时作业（北师大版）

[必修第二册] 课时冲关4UNIT4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY I,阅读A主题语境：人与社会题裁：说明文话题：摄影术对视觉文化和艺术创作的影响 In 1835,William Talbot finally succeeded in As the twenty-first century becomes producing a photograph of his country house. increasingly automated,more and more He declared that his was the first house ever people attempt to identify where human known to have drawn its own picture.The agency exists in the technologically driven drawing was formed "by the action of light world.Images generated with artificial upon sensitive paper."Photography offered intelligence by companies like OpenAl are nature a“pencil”to paint herself through stimulating questions like those that emerged optical(光学的)and chemical means alone. with the coming of the photograph.By typing By the mid-nineteenth century,people no a sentence,users can generate“new”images longer needed to hire a draftsman to draw composed from images collected across the detailed images because the process could be Internet.The result has been a flood of AI completed instantly with a camera.Advocates generated images in places that are previously for the technology stated that not only was it unique to human authors.Painting competitions, more precise than the human hand-it was commercial graphic design and the fashion of faster and cheaper. portraiture(肖像)have all since collided(碰 The removal of human fallibility in the with the technology in troubling ways. creating process was one of photography's The fine arts were thought to be a final biggest selling points,but this also started hold-out of human creativity,but the surprisingly debates about the new medium's implications high quality of AI-generated images is producing for visual culture.Could images made largely deeper questions about the nature of by a machine be considered art?If so,where originality.If the history of photography tells did human creativity fit in this process? us anything,it's that the debate won't be 216 settled quickly,straightforwardly,or by the 3.What do Open Al and cameras have in institutions we typically associate with cultural common? gate keeping. A.They improve the taste of beauty. 1.Why did Talbot declare that his house had B.They advocate fashion designs. drawn its own picture? C.They challenge human agency. A.To downplay human factors in the creation. D.They produce original images. B.To investigate a supernatural phenomenon. 4.What did the author indicate by referring to C.To show his advanced knowledge in science. the history of photography? D.To demonstrate the beauty of his country A.Cultural gatekeepers will solve the issue house. as they did. 2.What does the underlined word "fallibility" B.AI-generated images will go through a mean in Paragraph 3? similar debate. A.Expecting a high price. C.The nature of originality will be held in B.Detailing the images. human hands. C.Being likely to make errors. D.The fine arts will include photography D.Becoming sensitive to light. and AI images. 阅读B 主题语境：人与社会题裁：记叙文 话题：科技帮助找回遗失的背包 There I was,after 12 hours of travel, my daughter's blue bag that she'd left standing on Lexington Avenue and hoping for behind,containing her diary,school laptop, a New York miracle.I'd only been in notebooks,iPhone and AirPods she'd bought Manhattan for an hour.and already I was with her saved-up allowance. flagging down a taxi late at night and The daughter who at that very moment shouting“Follow that cab！” was curled up on the hotel bed,regretting her Well,more accurately:"Follow that thoughtlessness,in tears.I was a small-town little dot on this tiny map.Meaning the GPS-enabled dot moving around a screen as dad in a huge,unfamiliar metropolis(大都 part of the Find My iPhone feature.The dot 市)，with maybe half an idea of what I was indicating that somewhere out there,in one of doing,at best.But I couldn't stand to see her New York City's other 13,000 taxi cabs,sat crying.I had to get that bag back. 217 An explanation is in order:at the airport 5.How did the author discover that his terminal,we'd had to switch to another daughter's bag was lost? taxicab to get a ride into Manhattan.Our first A.They realized it when they got to the taxi driver quoted us a fare higher than it hotel. should cost,and when I asked why,he B.The daughter called and told him. C.He saw the taxi driver speeding away immediately threw us out of his cab.We piled with the bag. into the next waiting taxi.It wasn't until D.They found the bag was missing when getting to our hotel,an hour later,that we they got into the taxi. realized the first taxi driver had sped away 6.How did the daughter feel when she found with the bag inside. out her bag was lost? While I called311(非紧急情况电话)， A.Disappointed. B.Cross. my wife remembered she'd set up tracking on C.Discouraged. D.Panicky. our daughter's phone in case of emergencies, 7.What did the author consider doing after and pulled up its map,excited to discover a discovering the dot on the map? little dot that refreshed every 15 seconds or A.Continuing to call 311. so,traveling around the streets of midtown. B.Waiting for the dot to come to him. Talking to the woman working 311,I C.Finding another cab to pursue the dot. casually remarked,“I'm half-tempted(诱惑) D.Giving up on looking for the lost item. 8.Which of the following would the author to get another cab and have them chase after probably agree with? this dot on the map.” A.People in big cities were more helpful “Well,”she said,“that's probably what than his hometown. New Yorker would do."Challenge B.Technology could sometimes make a accepted.The first taxi driver that pulled over difference. laughed at my wild goose chase,but the C.New York was a dangerous and scary second said,“Yeah.Get in.”His name was city. Gani.And so began our three-hour hunt for D.He was close to quitting tracking the the missing bag. bag's location. 218 Ⅱ，语法填空主题语境：人与自然题裁：说明文 话题：马蒂寺石窟的数字保护工程 The digital protection project of the Mati of the murals and sculptures 6. Temple Grottoes in Zhangye city,Northwest preserve)in primary caves,3D reconstruction China's Gansu Province,1. of cave structures and panoramic warping, complete )so far,according to local among others.Digital technology is a new authorities in Zhangye.First built around approach 7. permanently preserving 1,600 years ago along the route of the ancient cultural relics and will take the lead in a new Silk Road,the Mati Temple Grottoes are era for future exhibitions,the institute said. famous for Buddhist relics in more than 70 The work is focused on one of the site's caves,2. make)one of the top major attractions called the Thousand Buddha three Hexi Buddhism culture grottoes in Grottoes,8. have eight caves that China,with the 3. (value)position are among the best-preserved in the whole of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang and Yulin site,said Yao Gailan,9. (direct)of Grottoes in Anxi. the institute for cultural heritage preservation The project launched last Junes, with in Zhangye. 4. total investment of 3.89 million To preserve the site better,funds have yuan about $530,000),5. been raised 10. an archaeological (include)data collection for the surrounding investigation involving researchers at home environment of the grottoes,digital scanning and abroad is also underway. 2194.C根据下句“Beggars(乞丐)are usually seen tapping 4.B推理判斯题。根据文章最后一段“If the history of (on their bowls with chopsticks in the street,so photography tells us anything,it's that the debate won't tapping on bowls is not polite(在街上经常看见乞丐在用 be settled quickly,straightforwardly,or by the 筷子敲碗，因此敲碗是不礼貌的。)”可知空格处是作者的 institutions we typically associate with cultural gate 警告。此C.Don't tap on your bowl with your keeping.(如果说摄影的历史告诉了我们什么，那就是这 chopsticks,(不要用筷子敲击你的碗.)符合语境. 场争论不会很快、直截了当地得到解决，也不会由我们通 5.A根据上句“Although,teenagers are not supposed to 常与文化把关联系在一起的机构来解决)”可推知，作者 drink any wine,you can still say 'Ganbei'and drink to 提到摄影的历史是想说明人工智能生成的图像将经历类 the health of your grandparents and parents.(尽管青少年 似的辩论。故选B。 不应该饮酒，你仍旧可以说·干杯’，祝福你的长辈健 B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在纽 康。)”可知空格处将进一步解释这种做法的好处。因此 约市为了找回女儿遗失的背包，通过GPS追踪技术，在出租 A.It is sure to please them.(这种微法一定会让他们高 车司机的帮助下，经历了一系列冒险和困难，最终成功找回 兴。)符合语境 背包的故事。 Ⅲ，[参考范文] 5.A细节理解题。根据文章第四段“It wasn't until A Beacon of Unity:Our School's getting to our hotel,an hour later,that we realized the Annual Charity Gala first taxi driver had sped away with the bag inside. Last week,our school hosted a unique charity gala, 时后，我们到了洒店，才意识到第一辆出租车司机已经带 uniting students to aid local impoverished children.The 着里面的包飞驰而去了)”可知，作者一家到了酒店才意 event aimed to strengthen bonds and raise funds. 识到女儿的包丢了。故选A。 Activities kicked off with vibrant performances,followed 6.D推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The daughter who at by auctions and raffles,engaging everyone in a spirit of that very moment was curled up on the hotel bed,regretting generosity.The gala became a symbol of unity.where her thoughtlessness,.in tears..(女儿此刻正蟋缩在旅馆的床 cooperation shone brightly. 上，为自己的轻率而后悔，流着泪)”可知，作者的女儿因 Reflecting on the night,it was clear that the gala 为丢失了背包而感到焦虑不安。故选D。 achieved more than its goals.It was a powerful lesson in 7.C细节理解题。根据文章第五段“While1 called3l1(非 empathy and togetherness,leaving a lasting impression on all 紧急情况电话)，my wife remembered she'd set up who participated. tracking...have them chase after this dot on the map." (当我拨打311（非紧急情况电话）时，我妻子想起她在女 课时冲关4 儿的手机上设置了追踪功能，以防万一。地打开手机地 1·A.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 图，兴奋地发现一个小点大约每15秒刷新一次，在市中 摄影术自诞生以来对视觉文化和艺术创作的影南，以及这 心的街道上穿梭。在和311的女服务员交谈时，我随口 一影响如何在人工智能生成图像的当代背景下重演。 说道：“我有，点想再叫一辆出租车，让他们去追地图上的 L.A推理判断题。根据文章第一段“He declared that his 这个点。”)”可知，当作者发现地图上的点后考虑叫另一 was the first house...herself through optical and 辆出租车去追那个点。故选C。 chemical means alone.(他宣称他的房子是已知的第一个 8.B推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Meaning the GPS 自己画房子的房子。这幅画是“光在感光纸上的作用”形 enabled dot moving around a screen as part of...and 成的。摄影为大自然提供了一支“铅笔”，仅通过光学和 AirPods she'd bought with her saved-up allowance. 化学手段为自己作画)”可知，William Talbot在强调摄影 味着作为“查找我的Phone'”功能的一部分，启用GPS的 作为一种新技术，能够通过非人为直接操作的方式耥捉 点在屏幕上移动。这个点表明，在纽约市其他13000辆 图像，从而降低了人在创作过程中的介入程度。由此推 出租车中的某个地方，放着我女儿留下的蓝色袋子，里面 知，William Talbot宣称他的房子画了自己的画是为了茨 装着地的日记本、学校笔记本电脑、笔记本电脑、Phone 化创作中的人为因素。故选A。 和AirPods,.这些都是她用省下的钱买的)”以及文章内容 2.C词句猜测题。根据文章第二段空前"The removal of 可知，文章主要讲迷了作者如何使用技术，特别是带有 human(消除人类的)”及空后“in the creating process(在 GPS跟踪功能的“查找我的Phone”功能，来定位并最终 创造过程中)”可推知，摄影最大的卖点之一是它可以减 找回女儿在纽约丢失的包的。这表明作者可能会同意技 少在创作过程中人为错误的可能性。由此可知，划线词 术有时可以发挥作用，特别是在困难的情况下。故选B。 与C项“很可能犯错误”意义相近。故选C。 Ⅱ，[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是中国西北 3.C细节理解题。根据文章第四段“As the twenty-first 部甘肃省张掖市马蒂寺石窟的数字保护工程相关的情况。 century becomes...with the coming of the photograph. I.has been completed考查谓语动词。句意：据张掖市地 (随着21世纪自动化程度的不断提高，越来越多的人试 方政府称，中国西北部甘肃省张掖市马缇寺石窟的教宇 图在技术驱动的世界中确定人类能动性的存在位置。 保护项目迄今已完成。分析句子结构可知，此处应填谓 OpenAI等公司利用人工智能生成的图像，正如摄影术出 语动词形式，该动词与主语the digital protection project 现时一样，引发了诸多问题)”可知，OpenAI和相机的共 之间为被动关系且主语是单数，s0far意为“至今为止”， 同之处在于都挑战了人类的能动性。故选C。 用于现在完成时态。故填has been completed. 289 2.making考查非谓语动词。句意：马提寺石窟始建于距 课时冲关5 今约1600年前的古丝鋼之路沿线，以佛教文物闻名70多 1,[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和 个石窟，是中国三大河西佛教文化石窟之一，拥有敦煌莫 女儿们一起探索自己十分熟悉的树林，返回时他选择了一 高窟和安溪玉林石窟的宝贵地位。分析句子结构可知，此 条不同的下山路线，希望能找到一条小溪作为引导，邦迷路 处为非谓语动词作结采状语，make与句子主语the Mati Temple Grottoes为主动关系，所以使用现在分词。故填 了，手机也因为寒冷而无法使用，这让作者感到恐慌。在冷 naking。 静下来后，他依靠对环境的观察找到了回家的路。这次经 3.valuable考查形客词。句意：马提寺石窟始建于距今釣 历让他意识到过度依赖科技可能会忽视传统的生存技能和 1600年前的古丝铜之路沿线，以佛教文物闻名70多个石 环境观察能力。 窟，是中国三大河西佛教文化石窟之一，拥有敦煌莫高窟 1.B考查名词词义耕析。句意：所以当我发现自己迷失在 和安溪玉林石窟的宝贵地位。名词position前应该是形 那里时，我很震惊。A.challenge挑战：B.shock震惊： 容词作定语，所以此处应将value转换为形容词valua ble C.reward奖励；D.reminder提醒。根据上文“I'd been 意为“有价值的”。故填valuable。 exploring the 40-hectare woods around our cottage my 4.a考查冠词。句意：该项日于去年6月启动，总投资389 whole life and I knew the way well.."可知，作者很熟悉这 万元（约合53万美元），包括石窟周边环境的数据来集、 里的路，因此发现自己递失在那里时，他会很震惊。故 原始洞穴壁画和雕塑保存的数宇扫描、洞穴结构三维重 选B。 建和全景翘曲等。a total investment of意为“总投 2.D考查名词词义辩析。句意：二月里一个阴冷的下午， 资…”为固定用法。故填a。 我突然有一种冲动，想和两个女儿一起去爬山。 5.includes考查谓语动词。句意：该项目于去年6月启动， A.discovery发现：B.response回应：C.worry担恍： 总投资389万元（约合53万美元），包括石窟周边环境的 D.urge冲动。根据下文“to hike the hill with my two 数据采集，原始洞穴壁画和雕塑保存的数字扫描、洞穴结 daughters'”以及接下来叙述的他们的确去爬山了可知，作 构三维重建和全景翘曲等。分析句子结构可知，此处应为 者是我突然有一种冲动，想和两个女儿一起去爬山。故 谓语动词形式，include与句子主语project之间为主动关 选D。 系，根据全文时态一致原则以及句意可知，此处应用一般 3.C考查动词词义辩析。句意：穿上雪鞋，我们立即向西 现在时态，主语为单数。故填includes。 6.preserved考查非谓语动词。句意：核项目于去年6月 北方向行进。A.escaped逃脱；B.drove驾驶；C.headed 启动，总投资389万元（约合53万美元），包括石窟周边环 朝（某方向）行进；D.looked看。根据上文“to hike the hill 境的数据采集、原始洞穴壁画和雕塑保存的数字扫描、洞 with my two daughters”可知，作者是想和两个女儿一起 穴结构三维重建和全景翘曲等。分析句子结构可知，此处 去爬山，因此是向西北方向行进。故选C。 应该为非谓语动词作定语修饰sculptures,preserve与 4.C考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些真的让她们很开心。 sculpture间为被动关系，结合语意可知该动作已经发生， A.reputation声誉；B.dream梦想：C.day日子；D.way方 所以使用过去分词。故填preserved. 式。根据上文“my daughters stopped occasionally to 7,0考查介词。句：该研究所表示，数字技术是一种永 investigate unknown plants and to look at the abandoned 久保存文物的新方法，并将在未来展览的新时代发挥作 deer beds'”可知，作者的女儿偶尔会停下来调查未知的植 用。approach意为“方法，途径”，其后经常跟介词to表示 物，看看被遗弃的鹿床，可推知她们会很开心，固定短语 “…的方法”，且该空处后面跟的是动名词preserving。 make one'sday意为"让某人开心”。故选C。 故填t0。 5.A考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着影子开始拉长，我们 8.which考查连词。句意：这项工作的重，点是该遗址的主 继续向上移动。A.lengthen延长；B.swing摇摆： 要景点之一，称为千佛窟，该石窟有八个洞穴，是整个遗 C.emerge出现：D.fade褪色。根据上文“As the shadows 址中保存最完好的洞穴之一，张掖文化遗产保护研究所 started to”可推知，影子应渡是开始拉长，表明时间在流 所长姚盖兰说。分析句子结构可知，此处应填连词引导 逝，天色变晚。故选A。 非限制性定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，先行词指的是 6.D考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，疲倦开始超过热情。 物。故填which。 A.fuel(给…)提供燃料：B.witness目击；C.overlook俯 9.director考查名词。句意：这项工作的重点是该遗址的 敢：D.outpace超越。根据下文“We decided to return.”可 主要景点之一，称为千佛窟，该石窟有八个洞穴，是整个 遗址中保存最完好的洞穴之一，张掖文化遗产保护研究 知，他们准备返回，因此是疲倦开始超过热情。故选D。 所所长城盖兰说。分析句子结构可知，此处应该为名词 7.A考查彩容词词义瓣析。句意：我没有沿着原来的路线 作同位语，对前面的人物Yao Gailan进行解释说明，意为 折回，而是选择沿着陡峭的山坡走下去，相信我的直觉， “负责人，管理者”。故填director。 我们前面有一条小溪，它会指引我们走向大路 10.and考查连词。句意：为了更好地保护遗址，已经筹集 A.original原来的；B.rough粗糙的：C.offbeat另类的： 了资金，并正在进行涉及国内外研究人员的考古调查。 D.roundabout迁回的。根据下文“I chose to walk down 分析句子站构可知，此处应该为连词连接两个句子，根 the steep(徒峭的)side of the hill'”可知，作者选择沿着陡 据句意可知，此空前与空后两个句子之间为并列关系。 峭的山坡走下去，因此是没有沿着原来的路线折回。故 故填and. 选A。 290