题型1 语法填空-【黄金起点】2025年初高中衔接必刷题英语

第三部分) 初高中英语题型对接 题型一 语法填空 初中语法填空考点聚焦 CHUZHONGYUFATIANKONGKAODIANJUJIAO 一、有提示词 考点目考查形容词 考点一考查动词 如果设空句出现了提示使用比较等级的关键词 或短语时，则需要用提示词的适当形式填空。比 1.设空处是谓语动词的，考虑该词的时态和语态。 如形容词比较级前经常会有much,even,a little, The other day,we chatted with my grandmoth- abit等关键词或短语出现，后会有than出现。 er,and mentioned video calling over the Inter- My grandfather is much happier(happy)than before. net.It is invented/was invented(invent)for peo- 考点四考查代词 ple to see each other while talking online. 1.考查物主代词 设空处后出现名词，常考查形容词性物主代词。 2.设空处如果不是谓语动词，就有可能是动词的非 The San people have another name-"bush people". 谓语形式 Their(they)lifestyle is very simple,but they know (1)Su Yu-shan,the manager of the store,says the more about animals and plants than most people do. environment can help people learn to do“soul(灵魂) 2.考查人称代词 But he was very disappointed when he found no reading"by providing (provide)a private experience body here could play chess with him (he). with each book that draws one's attention. 3.考查反身代词 (2)Then I taught him how to use the Internet Now,she enjoys herself (her)when talking with and how to play (play)chess online. us every day.She is happy and you can tell from the expression on her face. 考点二考查名词 考点五词性转换 首先确定所给名词是可数名词还是不可数名词。 1.动词转换为形容词 如果是可数名词，还需要确定用单数还是复数 After changing into the dress and getting my 形式。 makeup done,I felt relaxed(relax). 2.名词转换为形容词 Now he is quite good at playing chess online and With the help of his father-in-law,a builder,he has made a lot of friends(friend)on the Internet moved into a comfortable(comfort)new home af- at the same time. ter only four months. 61 衔接必刷题英语 3.形容词转换为副词 考点日考查连词 The bookstore is almost completely (complete) 并列的两个或多个单词、短语或句子之间设空， dark,except for the shelves of books. 4.动词转换为名词 一般填入的连词有and,but,or,so。若句子之间 Su Yu-shan,the manager(manage)of the store, 为从属关系，则填从属连词。 says the environment can help people learn to do Although/Though/While it might not be for “soul(灵魂)reading"by providing a private experience everyone,Wuguan Books creates a very different with each book that draws one's attention. kind of environment from most bookstores. 二、无提示词 考点目考查介词 无提示词的一般是填写冠词、介词、连词、副 介词经常出现在固定搭配或者短语中。 词、作形式主语或宾语的t等。 "Grandpa,someone is waiting for you to play 考点一考查冠词 chess,"I went to him and said. 填写不定冠词时，注意其后单词若以元音音素开 考点四考查副词 头则使用an,以辅音音素开头则使用a。 副词经常在一些固定搭配或者短语中出现，比如： (1)The other day,we chatted with my grand- put off(推迟)，turn on(打开)，take off(起飞)等。 mother,and mentioned video calling over the In- I climbed out of my tent and looked out at the ternet.It was invented for people to see each mountain. other while talking online.Then we came up with an idea. 考点五考查t的用法 (2)I took him to the computer in my room and It is necessary to encourage kids to come up with new said,“Right here..” ways to make use of technology in school life. 高中语法填空考点聚焦 GAOZHONGYUFATIANKONGKAODIANJUJIAO [基础知识 无提示词类：设置3~4个小题 全国卷语法填空考点设置有如下特点： 0~1题。重点考查常见介词的基 一、有提示词类：设置6~7个小题 介词 本用法或固定搭配中的介词，一般 1~2题。考查时态、语态及主谓 不涉及短语介词。 谓语 致，其中涉及语态方面的不超过 动词 01题。重点考查冠词的特指、泛 1题，答案最多三个单词。 高频 冠词 指用法或固定搭配中的冠词，一般 非谓语 1~2题。考查不定式、动名词与 考点 不涉及零冠词。 动词 分词，每种最多设1题 0~2题。侧重于定语从句的引导 1~3题。考查方式有动词派生为名 从属关 高频 词。此外，名词性从句、状语从句也 派生词 词、名词派生为形容词或动词、形容 联词 考点 偶有涉及。 词派生为副词等。每种最多设1题。 0~1题。主要考查可数名词的复 并列 0~1题。并列句的关联词也偶有 名词 数，也可能会考查名词的所有格。 连词 涉及。 形容词 0~1题。主要考查形容词和副词 0~1题。包括助动词（如强调谓语动 和副词 词性的转换，以及其比较级或最 低频 词的do,does,did:构成部分倒装的 类 高级。 考点 do,does,did;构成一般疑问句的do, 其他 代词：0~1题。一般给出人称代词的主格 does,did),构成强调结构的it或that, 低频 要求考生填其宾格、名词性或形容词性物主 连接性副词(before,ago,however,any 考点 代词、反身代词等。 way.)等。 62 第三部分初高中英语题型对接 [解题攻略 一、“有提示词类”解题攻略 有提示词一“一看二思”解题法 先看给的是什么词 动词 名词 代词 形容词、副词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 词的派生 名词 词的派生 反 比较等级 词的派生 称 身 语 转化和用法 在分词 分 生为形容词 的单复数 的所有格 派 代 代 派生为动词 词 生为形容词 比较级 为副词 为名 词 (一)高频考点之一：提示词为动词 1.考查谓语动词 若句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是 解题 谓语动词：此时，应先考虑时态，考生可以根据句中的时间状语或语篇提示确定时态，然后考虑 攻略 语态，最后需考虑主谓一致和语气问题，来确定谓语动词的数。 分析：分析句子结构可知，前半句是由while引导 While running regularly can't make you 的让步状语从句，后半句是主句，主句中含有一个 live forever,the review says it 典例1 宾语从句，即it.,or swimming作says的宾语。 (be)more effective at lengthening life than 又因此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时， walking,cycling or swimming. 再根据主谓一致原则可知，应填is。 分析：分析句子成分可知，空格所在的句子中缺少 Diets have changed in China-and so too 谓语动词。根据时间状语Since20l1可知，谓语 典例2 has its top crop.Since20ll,the country 动词需用现在完成时，根据句意可知应用主动语 (grow)more corn than rice. 态，再根据主谓一致原则可知填has grown。 The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds 分析：分析句子结构可知，when the government that between 2005-when the government (start)a soil--testing program为关系副 (start)a soil-testing program that 词when引导的定语从句，先行词为2005。通过 典例3 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to 分析定语从句可知从句中缺少谓语动词，再根据 farmers-and 2011,fertilizer use dropped 时间状语between2005可知应填一般过去时，根 by 7.7 million tons. 据句意可知需用主动语态，故填started。 2.考查非谓语动词 若句中已有谓语动词，空处又不在句中作并列谓语时，所要填的通常是非谓语动词，此时需进 解题 步确定是非谓语动词的哪种形式。一般来说，作主语、宾语、表语、定语通常用动名词形式： 攻略 此外，doing表示主动、正在进行：done表示被动、完成：todo表示尚未发生的动作。 分析：第一句中已有谓语动词don'thave to run,故空 You don't have to run fast or for long 格处应为非谓语动词。根据句意可知应填不定式0 see)the benefit.You may drink, 典例4 see,作目的状语。第二句中已有谓语动词reduce,故 smoke,be overweight and still reduce your 空格处应为非谓语动词。又因空格前有介词o,结合 risk of (die)early by running. 句意可知，应填dying,作介词of的宾语。 63 衔接必刷题英语 Another reason for corn's rise:The government 分析：句中已有谓语动词encourages,故空格处应 典例5 encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 为非谓语动词。根据句意可知应填不定式toim (improve)water quality. prove,作目的状语。 China's approach to protecting its environ- 分析：分析句子成分可知，句中已有谓语动词of ment while (feed)its citizens"of- fers,再根据空格前有从属连词while可知，“while 6 fers useful lessons for agriculture and food (feed)its citizens”为时间状语从句的省 policymakers worldwide,”says the bank's略结构，所填的词与其逻辑主语China之间为主 Juergen Voegele. 动关系，故应填现在分词feeding。 But my connection with pandas goes back 分析：when引导的从句中已经有谓语动词was, to my days on a TV show in the mid- 且从句中无其他连词，故空处应填非谓语动词。 1980s,when I was the first Western TV re- 典例7 reporter与permit之间是被动关系，故用过去分 porter (permit)to film a special u- 词表被动。过去分词短语permitted to.,作后置 nit caring for pandas rescued from starva- 定语，修饰reporter。故填permitted. tion in the wild. 3.考查派生词 有时所给提示词虽然是动词，但是空格处既不是考查谓语动词也不是考查非谓语动词，而是要 解题 求填所给词的派生词。此时要结合空格处前后的修饰词来确定所给提示词应派生为哪种词 攻略 性。一般考查动词派生为名词，有时还需考虑动词变为形容词甚至副词。 This switch has decreased (pollute)in 分析：分析句子成分可知空格前面有谓语动词has 典例8 the country's major lakes and reservoirs and decreased,.其后缺少宾语，故填名词pollution。 made drinking water safer for people. This development was only possible with 分析：由前面的定冠词the可知，其后应接名词，故 典例9the (introduce)of electric-pow- 填introduction. ered engines and lifts. (二)高频考点之二：提示词为名词 解题攻略所给提示词为名词时，通常考查可数名词的单数变复数，或名词派生为形容词、动词等。 Two of the authors of the review also made 分析：分析句子成分可知，from all a study published in 2014 that showed a (cause)为介词短语作后置定语，空处位于介词 典例10 mere five to 10 minutes a day of running re- 之后作宾语，又因空格前面有al,所以填其复数 duced the risk of heart disease and early 形式causes。. deaths from all (cause). To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft分析：分析句子成分可知，空格前面有谓语动词 surfaces,do exercises to do,再根据句意可知，此处应填动词形式，与空 典例11 (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉)，avoid 前的不定式符号0构成不定式短语，在句中作 hills and get good running shoes. 目的状语。故填strengthen。 The Central London Railway was one of 分析：根据语境并结合空前的the most可知，空 典例12 the most success)of these new 处表达最高级意义。故填successful.. lines,and was opened in 1900. 64 第三部分初高中英语题型对接 (三)高频考点之三：提示词为形容词或副词 当提示词为形容词或副词时，需考虑是否是考查比较级或形容词和副词之间的相互转换。 解题攻略 当提示词为形容词时，还要考虑是否需要转换为名词形式。 According to a review of evidence in a med- 分析：根据空格后面的than可知，此处考查比 典例13 ical journal,runners live three years 较级形式，故填longer。 (long)than non-runners. A taste for meat is (actual)behind 分析：分析句子成分可知，空处在句中作状语， 典例14 the change:An important part of its corn is 修饰谓语动词is应用副词。故填actually。 used to feed chickens,pigs,and cattle. (四)低频考点：提示词为代词 解题 所给提示词是代词时，一般考查人称代词变为物主代词。有时需考虑人称代词单数变为复 攻略 数、主格变为宾格、人称代词变为反身代词等。 When the gorillas and I frightened each 分析：因空处作动词find的宾语，故应填人称代 典例15 other,I was just glad to find 词的宾格形式，即them。 (they)alive. On my recent visit,I held a lively three 分析：mother是名词，所填词作定语修饰moth 典例16 month-old twin that had been rejected by er,故填其形容词性物主代词its。 (it)mother. 二、“无提示词类”解题攻略 无提示词一“二定”解题法 先定填哪类词→ 代词 介词 冠词 并列连词 从属关联词 其他语境填词 介 搭 再定填什么词 指 and,but 连连 词 定 定冠 0r,s0 称代词 主代词 身代词 示代词 的基本用法 的 不定冠词 while. 语从句关系 名词性从句 、连接代词 副词 强调句型的 固定搭配或 法 for a,an the 等 语从句连接 动词 that 属 型 (一)高频考点之一：填介词 解题 当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般是填介词。对介词的考查通 攻略 常侧重于固定搭配中的介词及常见介词的习惯用法。 My name is Mireya Mayor.I'm a scientist who studies animals such as apes and mon 分析：search for是固定搭配，表示“寻找”，此处指 keys.I was searching these three 典例1 “我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。故 western lowland gorillas I'd been observ- 填for ing.No one had seen them for hours,and my colleagues and I were worried. 65 衔接必刷题英语 It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on分析：travel to and from work表示“上下班”，故 典例2 the roads above as they travelled to and from. work. (二)高频考点之二：填冠词 当空格后有名词而且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指含义，或者空格处修饰序数词、最高级 解题 表示特指意义的比较级等形式时，那么空格处一般是填冠词。有时还考查冠词在一些固定搭 攻略 配中的用法。 Corn production has jumped nearly 125 分析：句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近 典例3 percent over past25 years,while125%,而大米只增长了7%。特指在过去的25年 rice has increased only 7 percent. 里。故填定冠词the。 Unexpectedly,I'm face-to-face with the go 分析：固定短语at the top of“在…的顶部”，此 典例4 rilla,who begins screaming at top 处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。故填the。 of her lungs. (三)高频考点之三：填从属关联词 当空格前后为两个句子，且其中一个句子在另一句中充当某一句子成分时，空格处应填从属关 解题 联词。一般情况下，考查的是定语从句的关联词，有时也考查名词性从句或状语从句的关 攻略 联词。 Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 分析：分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从 典例5 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of 句，修饰先行词a study,并在定语从句中作主语， running reduced the risk of heart disease 故填that/which。 and early deaths from all causes. Over time, the population grew, 分析：根据句意和句子结构可知，空格处引导时间 典例6 people began cutting food into small pieces 状语从句，表示“随着”或“当…时候”，故填as/ so it would cook more quickly. when。 (四)低频考点：填并列连词 解题 当空格前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时，空格处一般是填并列连词。 攻略 Another reason for corn's rise:The gov- ernment encourages farmers to grow corn 分析：根据比较级less可知，此处将玉米和水稻用 典例7 instead of rice to improve water quality. 水量进行比较，需填连词，故填than。 Corn uses less water rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥)runoff. 66