内容正文:
新八年级衔接讲义
专题J803介词、数词、连词&频度副词
暑假自习提升(人教版2024)
内 容 提 要
考点速览
思维导图,把握考点框架
精讲精练
讲练结合,梳理关键考点
难点突破
突出重难点,提升能力
真题演练
感受真题,全面突破
考点一:介词
(一)核心语法点
1. 方位介词辨析
o in/on/to:in 表示 “在某一范围的内部”,如 “in the forest”(在森林里),强调处于整体之中;on 指 “与表面接触或两地接壤”,如 “North Korea is on the east of China”(朝鲜与中国东部接壤);to 表示 “两地相隔且不接壤”,如 “Canada is to the north of the U.S.”(加拿大位于美国北部,不接壤)。需注意 “in the + 方位 + of” 用于范围内部,“on the + 方位 + of” 用于接壤,“to the + 方位 + of” 用于相隔。
o at/in:at 后接具体小地点(如 at the bus stop/at home),in 后接大地点(如 in Shanghai/in Europe),但存在固定搭配如 “at school”“in the countryside”。此外,at 还可表示 “在某一点位置”,如 “at the door”(在门口)。
o above/over/on:above 泛指 “在…… 上方”(不强调垂直),如 “a bird flying above the house”(鸟在房子上方飞);over 强调 “在…… 正上方且不接触”,如 “a bridge over the canal”(运河上的桥);on 表示 “在…… 表面接触”,如 “a cup on the table”(桌上的杯子)。over 还可表示 “覆盖”,如 “cover the table with a cloth”(用布盖住桌子)。
o in front of/in the front of:in front of 指 “在物体外部的前方”,如 “a car parked in front of the building”(大楼前停的车);in the front of 指 “在物体内部的前部”,如 “the teacher’s desk in the front of the classroom”(教室前部的讲台),前者强调外部相对位置,后者强调内部空间布局。
2. 其他常用介词
o between/among:between 用于 “两者之间或两两之间”,如 “a conversation between the teacher and student”(师生间的对话),也可用于三者以上的两两关系,如 “agreements between nations”(国家间的协议);among 用于 “三者或以上之间”,如 “a flower among the weeds”(杂草中的一朵花),强调处于群体之中。
o beside/next to:均表示 “在…… 旁边”,可互换,如 “sit beside/next to the window”(坐在窗边),但 next to 更强调 “紧挨着的邻近”,如 “the house next to the river”(河边的房子),语气比 beside 更强烈。
(二)点对点练习题
1. (2024・北京阶段测试)The plane is flying ________ the clouds, so we can't see it clearly.
A. above B. over C. on D. under
2. (2024・上海阶段测试)Our school is located ________ the foot of the mountain.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
3. (2024・广州阶段测试)There is a small garden ________ the two buildings, where we often take a walk.
A. in front of B. in the front of C. between D. among
4. (2024・深圳阶段测试)Japan lies ________ the east of China, while Shandong Province is ________ the east of China.
A. in; to B. to; in C. on; in D. to; on
5. (2024・杭州阶段测试)The teacher stood ________ the blackboard and began to write.
A. beside B. between C. among D. behind
考点二:数词
(1) 核心语法点
(2)
1. 基数词
o 构成规则:1-12 为独立单词(one/two/three),13-19 以 - teen 结尾(thirteen/fifteen/eighteen),其中 thirteen/fifteen/eighteen 拼写特殊;20-90 以 - ty 结尾(twenty/thirty/forty),需注意 forty(非 fourty)、eighty 的拼写;三位数由 “hundred + and + 两位数” 构成(如 128→one hundred and twenty-eight),四位数以上从右向左每三位用逗号分隔,依次为 thousand(千)、million(百万)、billion(十亿),如 12,345,678→twelve million three hundred and forty-five thousand six hundred and seventy-eight。
o 用法拓展:表数量(three books)、时刻(six thirty/half past six)、年龄(a seven-year-old girl)、编号(Bus No. 5/Page 10)、概数(hundreds of birds),其中概数中 hundreds/thousands/millions 需加 - s 且与 of 连用,如 “thousands of students”(成千上万的学生)。
2. 序数词
o 构成规则:1st(first)、2nd(second)、3rd(third)为特殊形式;4th 及以后在基数词后加 - th(如 fourth/sixth),但需注意 fifth(第五)、eighth(第八)、ninth(第九)、twelfth(第十二)的拼写;整十数变 y 为 i 加 - eth(twenty→twentieth);“几十几” 仅变个位(twenty-one→twenty-first)。序数词前通常加 the,若有物主代词则省略 the,如 “my third attempt”(我的第三次尝试)。
o 用法拓展:表顺序(the first chapter)、日期(July 1st)、“又一 / 再一”(a second chance),其中 “a/an + 序数词” 表示 “额外的、另一”,如 “Can I have a second cup of coffee?”(我能再要一杯咖啡吗?)。
3. 分数 / 倍数 / 次数
o 分数表达:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子 > 1 时分母加 - s。如 1/3→one third,2/5→two fifths;特殊分数如 1/2→a/one half,1/4→a/one quarter(或 one fourth),带分数用 “整数 + and + 分数” 表示,如 2 3/4→two and three fourths。分数作主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于分数修饰的名词,如 “Three fourths of the water is clean.”(四分之三的水是干净的)。
o 倍数表达:twice(两倍),three times(三倍),常用结构:①“倍数 + as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as”(The room is twice as big as that one.);②“倍数 + 形容词 / 副词比较级 + than”(He runs three times faster than me.);③“倍数 + the + 名词(size/length/width 等) + of”(The box is four times the size of that one.)。
o 次数表达:once(一次)、twice(两次),三次及以上用 “基数词 + times”,如 five times(五次)。对次数提问用 how many times,如 “How many times have you been there?”(你去过那里几次?)。
(二)点对点练习题
1. (2024・北京阶段测试)About ________ of the students in our class are interested in science.
A. two third B. two thirds C. second third D. second thirds
2. (2024・上海阶段测试)The company was founded in the ________, and it will celebrate its ________ anniversary next year.
A. 1990; thirty B. 1990s; thirtieth
C. 1990’s; thirty D. 1990s; thirty
3. (2024・广州阶段测试)My brother is ________ years old, and tomorrow is his ________ birthday.
A. twelve; twelve B. twelfth; twelfth
C. twelve; twelfth D. twelfth; twelve
4. (2024・深圳阶段测试)The new building is ________ the height of the old one.
A. two B. two times C. second D. twice
5. (2024・杭州阶段测试)I have been to the Great Wall ________, but I still want to go there ________ time.
A. twice; a second B. two times; the second
C. twice; the second D. two times; a second
考点三:连词
(一)核心语法点
1. 并列连词
o and:表并列(连接同类词 / 短语 / 句子),如 “bread and butter”(面包和黄油)、“read books and listen to music”(读书和听音乐);表顺承(动作先后发生),如 “Get up early and you’ll catch the bus.”(早起就能赶上公交);在肯定句中连接多个宾语 / 表语,如 “I like apples, bananas and oranges.”(我喜欢苹果、香蕉和橙子)。注意:and 连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数,如 “Tom and Jerry are friends.”(汤姆和杰瑞是朋友)。
o but:表转折(前后语义相反),如 “She is short but strong.”(她个子矮但强壮);可连接结构对称的成分,如 “I want to go, but he wants to stay.”(我想走,但他想留下)。but 不能与 although/though 连用,如 “Although it’s raining, but we still go out.”(错误),应改为 “Although it’s raining, we still go out.” 或 “It’s raining, but we still go out.”。
o or:表选择(两者中选其一),如 “Coffee or tea?”(咖啡还是茶?);表 “否则”(=if not),如 “Hurry up, or you’ll be late.”(快点,否则会迟到);在否定句中连接并列成分,代替肯定句中的 and,如 “I don’t like coffee or tea.”(我不喜欢咖啡或茶)。注意:or 连接两个主语时,谓语动词遵循 “就近原则”,如 “Either you or he is wrong.”(不是你错就是他错)。
2. 从属连词
o because:引导原因状语从句,回答 why 提问,如 “Why didn’t you come? Because I was ill.”(你为什么没来?因为我病了)。because 从句可位于主句前或后,位于句首时用逗号隔开,如 “Because it was raining, we stayed at home.”(因为下雨,我们待在家里)。because 语气最强,比 as/since 更强调直接原因,且不能与 so 连用,如 “Because he is kind, so everyone likes him.”(错误),应改为 “Because he is kind, everyone likes him.” 或 “He is kind, so everyone likes him.”。
3. 句型转换中的 and/or
o 肯定句变否定句时,and 需改为 or,因为否定句中用 or 表示并列否定。如:
肯定句:I like math and English.
否定句:I don’t like math or English.
原理:肯定句中 “和” 用 and,否定句中 “或” 用 or,强调两者都不喜欢。
(二)点对点练习题
1. (2024・北京阶段测试)I wanted to buy a new bike, ________ I didn’t have enough money.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
2. (2024・上海阶段测试)Hurry up, ________ you will miss the beginning of the movie.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
3. (2024・广州阶段测试)—Why did you stay at home yesterday?
—________ I had to look after my little sister.
A. And B. But C. Or D. Because
4. (2024・深圳阶段测试)I don’t like swimming ________ running, but I like playing basketball.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
5. (2024・杭州阶段测试)She is good at math ________ science, and her brother is good at English.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
考点四:频度副词
一、核心语法点
1. 频率排序与含义
o 按频率从高到低:
o always(100%):表示 “总是”,强调无例外,如 “He always arrives early.”(他总是早到)。
o usually(80%):意为 “通常”,指习惯性行为,如 “Usually, she walks to school.”(通常她步行上学)。
o often(30-50%):表示 “经常”,频率低于 usually,如 “We often have dinner together.”(我们经常一起吃晚饭)。
o sometimes(20%):意为 “有时”,动作偶发,如 “Sometimes he reads novels.”(有时他读小说)。
o seldom(5%):表示 “很少”,接近否定,如 “I seldom eat junk food.”(我很少吃垃圾食品)。
o never(0%):意为 “从不”,完全否定,如 “She never lies.”(她从不说谎)。
o 记忆技巧:可结合 “always(总是)→ usually(通常)→ often(经常)→ sometimes(有时)→ seldom(很少)→ never(从不)” 的递减逻辑理解。
2. 位置规则
o be 动词之后:位于 am/is/are/was/were 后,如 “The boy is often late.”(这个男孩经常迟到)。
o 情态动词 / 助动词之后:在 can/may/will/have 等后、实义动词前,如 “I can never understand him.”(我永远无法理解他)、“They have usually finished homework.”(他们通常已完成作业)。
o 实义动词之前:在 run/eat/study 等动词前,如 “He sometimes forgets his keys.”(他有时忘带钥匙)。
o 特殊位置:
o sometimes 可放句首:如 “Sometimes, she listens to music.”(有时她听音乐)。
o often 可放句末:如 “She visits me often.”(她经常来看我)。
3. 特殊用法
o always + 进行时表情绪:不强调动作进行,而是表达赞叹或厌烦,如:
o 赞叹:“He is always helping others.”(他总是帮助别人。)
o 厌烦:“The baby is always crying.”(这个婴儿总是哭。)
o 提问方式:用how often询问频率,如:
o “How often do you exercise?”(你多久锻炼一次?)
o “Twice a week.”(一周两次。)
二、点对点练习题
1. (2024・北京阶段测试)—How often do you go to the library?
—________. I like reading there.
A. Seldom B. Never C. Often D. Hardly
2. (2024・上海阶段测试)She ________ gets up early, so she is never late for school.
A. always B. sometimes C. seldom D. never
3. (2024・广州阶段测试)He is ________ thinking of others, so everyone likes him.
A. always B. sometimes C. seldom D. never
4. (2024・深圳阶段测试)—Does your father drive to work?
—No, ________. He usually takes the subway.
A. always B. usually C. often D. seldom
5. (2024・杭州阶段测试)The old man ________ goes out because he can’t walk far.
A. always B. usually C. sometimes D. never
一、介词
难点 1:方位介词 in/on/to 的辨析
要点 1:易混淆 “范围内外与接壤关系”,如误将 “日本位于中国东部” 译为 “in the east of China”(实际日本与中国相隔,用 to)。
要点 2:牢记 “in 内部、on 接壤、to 相隔”,如 “Shandong is in the east of China”(山东在中国内部,用 in),“North Korea is on the east of China”(朝鲜与中国接壤,用 on)。
难点 2:in front of 与 in the front of 的误用
要点 1:前者指 “外部前方”(如车停在房子前),后者指 “内部前部”(如教室前的讲台),需通过 “物体是否在内部” 判断。
要点 2:例句对比:“There’s a tree in front of the house.”(外部) vs. “The blackboard is in the front of the classroom.”(内部)。
二、数词
难点 1:基数词与序数词的混用
要点 1:序数词前常漏加 the,如 “the fifth lesson” 易写成 “fifth lesson”;“又一” 需用 “a + 序数词”,如 “a second try”(再一次尝试)。
要点 2:几十几的序数词仅变个位,如 “twenty-first”(第 21),非 “twentieth-first”。
难点 2:分数表达规则
要点 1:分子 > 1 时分母加 s,如 “三分之二” 是 “two thirds”,非 “two third”;“四分之一” 可写 “a quarter” 或 “one fourth”。
要点 2:带分数需用 and 连接,如 “1 1/2” 是 “one and a half”,不可省略 and。
三、连词
难点 1:but 与 although 的连用错误
要点 1:中文 “虽然…… 但是……” 对应英文时,although/though 与 but 只能用其一,如 “Although he is poor, but he is happy.”(错误),应删去 but。
难点 2:否定句中 and 变 or 的规则
要点 1:肯定句并列用 and,否定句需换 or,如 “I like apples and bananas.”→否定句为 “I don’t like apples or bananas.”。
要点 2:例外情况:若否定词只否定部分内容,仍可用 and,如 “I don’t like red and blue, but green.”(仅否定红蓝,不否定绿色)。
四、频度副词
难点 1:位置规则的混淆
要点 1:易将频度副词放错位置,如 “Is she always late?”(正确) vs. “Is always she late?”(错误),需牢记 “be 动词后、实义动词前”。
要点 2:情态动词 / 助动词后接频度副词,如 “I will never forget.”(正确),非 “I never will forget.”。
难点 2:always + 进行时的情绪表达
要点 1:易误解为 “正在进行”,实则表 “反复发生的行为”,如 “He is always talking in class.”(含 “厌烦” 情绪,非 “正在说话”)。
要点 2:区分正常进行时:“He is talking now.”(此刻正在说,无情绪) vs. “He is always talking.”(总在说,表不满)。
考点一:介词
一、单项选择
1.(24-25七年级下·北京·期中)I play football twice a week, usually___________ weekends.
A.at B.in C.for D.by
2.(24-25七年级下·北京海淀·期中)Thai Elephant Day is ________ 13 March.
A.at B.in C.on D.for
3.(24-25七年级下·江苏淮安·期中)Look! There is a new blackboard ________ the classroom.
A.outside B.in front of
C.in the front of D.under
4.(24-25七年级下·北京·期中)In the Zhou Dynasty, Chinese people began to store winter ice to enjoy ________ summer.
A.in B.at C.on D.of
5.(24-25七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)Look at the picture on the right. Where is the cat?
A.It’s outside the house. B.It’s near the ball.
C.It’s below the floor. D.It’s under the table.
6.(24-25七年级下·江苏南通·期中)In the movie Nezha 2, when Nezha stood on the fiery wind wheel (风火轮) high in the sky, he looked down at the village ________ him. There, people lived a happy life.
A.over B.under C.above D.below
7.(24-25七年级下·广东广州·期中)Beijing, the capital city of China, _________ the north of the country.
A.lay at B.lies in C.lay on D.lies to
8.(24-25七年级下·江苏淮安·期中)Zhejiang is ________ the east of China and you can see beautiful views there.
A.at B.to C.in D.on
9.(24-25七年级下·广东广州·期中)Look! There is a tree ________ the house and a cat is lying ________ the tree.
A.in front of, between B.in front of, under C.from, under D.between, on
10.(24-25七年级下·江苏宿迁·期中)—Shirley, does Tom live two floors ________ you in the building?
—Yes. I can see his balcony when I look down.
A.below B.over C.among D.between
考点二:数词
1. (24-25七年级下·江苏宿迁·期中)We read “7,146,000” as “________”.
A.seven hundred million, six thousand
B.seven million and one hundred forty-six thousand
C.seven million, one hundred forty-six thousand
D.seven million, one hundred and forty-six thousand
2. (24-25七年级下·江苏淮安·期中)—Students in our school planted ________ trees on last Sunday.
—Good job! Everyone can do something to make our town greener.
A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundreds of D.five hundreds
3. (24-25七年级下·安徽马鞍山·期中)—How do we read the following number 4,536,200?
—________.
A.Four million five thousand thirty-six hundred and two hundred
B.Four million five hundred and thirty-six thousand two hundred
C.Fourteen million five hundred and thirty-six thousand two hundred
D.Forty million five thousand thirty-six hundred and two hundred
4. (23-24七年级下·山东青岛·期中)They have ________ son.
A.an 11-year-old B.a 11-year-old
C.an 11-years-old D.a 11-years-old
5. (23-24七年级下·山东青岛·期中)There are ________ students in that school.
A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundred of D.five hundred
6. (23-24七年级下·云南昆明·期中)There are over nine ________ books in this new library.
A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundred of D.hundreds of
7. (23-24七年级下·上海徐汇·期中)Over ________ doctors in this hospital have entered for the medical team.
A.two hundreds B.a hundred of C.one hundred D.hundreds of
8. (24-25七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)—What should we do now?
—Please turn to page ________ and look at ________ picture.
A.twelve; the fifth B.twelfth; the fifth C.twelve; a fifth D.the twelfth; the five
9. (24-25七年级下·江苏常州·期中)There are _______ books in the school library. Excitingly, it is going to buy five _______ books this year.
A.thousands of; hundreds B.thousand of; hundred C.thousands of; hundred D.thousand of; hundreds of
10. (24-25七年级下·山东东营·期中)—Anything else?
—Yes, one _________ thing. Please remember to turn off the lights when you leave the room.
A.another B.last C.any D.more
考点三:连词
1. (24-25七年级下·北京·期中)This cap is nice, ________ it doesn’t look good on me.
A.and B.so C.but D.or
2. (24-25七年级下·北京·期中)I drink water when I am thirsty, ___________ it’s better to drink before I get thirsty.
A.because B.but C.so D.or
3. (24-25七年级下·四川遂宁·期中)Which do you like, the red dress ________ the blue one?
A.and B.or C.with D.for
4. (24-25七年级下·广东深圳·期中)She tries ________ detailed notes in class ________ she may better understand the difficult points after class.
A.takes; because B.taking; but C.to take; so D.taking; or
5. (24-25七年级下·北京大兴·期中)Skateboarding is difficult, _______ I never give it up.
A.and B.so C.but D.or
6. (24-25七年级下·江西南昌·期中)—Do you like skateboarding?
—Yes. ________ I can’t do it well.
A.But B.And C.Or D.So
7. (24-25七年级下·广东广州·期中)Jane wants to practise her English, _________ she can hardly find a pen friend in England.
A.so B.and C.but D.or
8. (24-25七年级下·上海浦东新·期中)Lu Yao had a bad fever, ________ she couldn’t come to school today.
A.so B.but C.and D.or
9. (24-25七年级上·江苏无锡·期中)Love from parents is like the wind—you can’t see it ________ you can feel it.
A.and B.but C.or D.so
10. (24-25七年级上·天津河西·期中)I usually drink coffee in the morning, ________ today I feel like drinking tea.
A.and B.but C.so D.or
考点四:频度副词
1. (24-25七年级下·四川雅安·期中)—How often does John play volleyball?
—He _______ plays volleyball. Maybe once or twice a year.
A.never B.often C.always D.hardly ever
2. (24-25七年级下·北京·期中)Lucy is a good student. She is ________ late for school.
A.sometimes B.always C.usually D.never
3. (24-25七年级下·江西宜春·期中)I ________ play baseball. Because it is too difficult for me.
A.always B.usually C.sometimes D.seldom
4. (24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期中)—How often do you play football?
—_________. My left leg is not feeling well, so I always swim for exercise.
A.Always B.Often C.Usually D.Never
5. (24-25七年级下·江西吉安·期中)—Would you like some coffee?
—No, thanks. I ________ drink it. I think water is the best.
A.often B.usually C.never D.always
6. (24-25七年级下·安徽淮南·期中)Joyce ______ stays up late. She lives a healthy life.
A.hardly B.always C.often D.sometimes
7. (24-25七年级下·安徽宿州·期中)—You look strong and healthy. ________ do you do sports?
—I ________ play basketball after school.
A.How much; often B.How often; always C.How often; seldom D.How soon; sometimes
8. (24-25七年级下·北京·期中)—What do you usually have for breakfast?
—I _________ have some bread and milk. Sometimes I have eggs and beans.
A.seldom B.usually C.always D.never
9. (24-25七年级下·江西南昌·期中)— I can only play basketball once a week. How about you?
— You are lucky. I ________ play basketball.
A.always B.usually C.often D.seldom
10. (24-25七年级下·安徽宿州·期中)My mother is an English teacher. She is very busy every day and she ________ has a good rest.
A.always B.often C.usually D.hardly ever
中考真题
1. (2024·江苏南通·中考真题)Jack is crazy about sports. He ________ takes part in the school sports meeting.
A.never B.seldom C.sometimes D.always
2. (2024·江苏镇江·中考真题)Look at the picture on the right. Daniel ________ plays the piano.
A.never B.sometimes C.usually D.always
3. (2024·海南·中考真题)Jessica is really careful about what she eats. She ________ eats unhealthy food.
A.always B.often C.never
4. (2022·天津·中考真题)Although he failed many times, he ________ gave up his dream.
A.nearly B.never C.often D.always
5. (2022·湖南益阳·中考真题)—Does your brother play computer games?
—No, he ________ plays them. He always reads books.
A.sometimes B.often C.never
6. (2022·辽宁沈阳·中考真题)People should ________ pick up the rubbish whenever they see it.
A.never B.seldom C.sometimes D.always
7. (2022·广西贵港·中考真题)Tina gets up early every morning, so she is ________ late for school.
A.often B.always C.usually D.never
8. (2022·吉林·中考真题)I ________ go to the art museum because I like painting.
A.often B.hardly C.never
9. (2022·广西贺州·中考真题)Andy doesn’t like junk food at all, so she ________ eats it.
A.often B.sometimes C.usually D.never
10. (2022·四川乐山·中考真题)The little boy is ________ angry with his parents because he thinks they love his sister more.
A.never B.seldom C.often
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学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$新八年级衔接讲义
专题J803介词、数词、连词&频度副词
暑假自习提升(人教版2024)
内 容 提 要
考点速览
思维导图,把握考点框架
精讲精练
讲练结合,梳理关键考点
难点突破
突出重难点,提升能力
真题演练
感受真题,全面突破
考点一:介词
(一)核心语法点
1. 方位介词辨析
o in/on/to:in 表示 “在某一范围的内部”,如 “in the forest”(在森林里),强调处于整体之中;on 指 “与表面接触或两地接壤”,如 “North Korea is on the east of China”(朝鲜与中国东部接壤);to 表示 “两地相隔且不接壤”,如 “Canada is to the north of the U.S.”(加拿大位于美国北部,不接壤)。需注意 “in the + 方位 + of” 用于范围内部,“on the + 方位 + of” 用于接壤,“to the + 方位 + of” 用于相隔。
o at/in:at 后接具体小地点(如 at the bus stop/at home),in 后接大地点(如 in Shanghai/in Europe),但存在固定搭配如 “at school”“in the countryside”。此外,at 还可表示 “在某一点位置”,如 “at the door”(在门口)。
o above/over/on:above 泛指 “在…… 上方”(不强调垂直),如 “a bird flying above the house”(鸟在房子上方飞);over 强调 “在…… 正上方且不接触”,如 “a bridge over the canal”(运河上的桥);on 表示 “在…… 表面接触”,如 “a cup on the table”(桌上的杯子)。over 还可表示 “覆盖”,如 “cover the table with a cloth”(用布盖住桌子)。
o in front of/in the front of:in front of 指 “在物体外部的前方”,如 “a car parked in front of the building”(大楼前停的车);in the front of 指 “在物体内部的前部”,如 “the teacher’s desk in the front of the classroom”(教室前部的讲台),前者强调外部相对位置,后者强调内部空间布局。
2. 其他常用介词
o between/among:between 用于 “两者之间或两两之间”,如 “a conversation between the teacher and student”(师生间的对话),也可用于三者以上的两两关系,如 “agreements between nations”(国家间的协议);among 用于 “三者或以上之间”,如 “a flower among the weeds”(杂草中的一朵花),强调处于群体之中。
o beside/next to:均表示 “在…… 旁边”,可互换,如 “sit beside/next to the window”(坐在窗边),但 next to 更强调 “紧挨着的邻近”,如 “the house next to the river”(河边的房子),语气比 beside 更强烈。
(二)点对点练习题
1. (2024・北京阶段测试)The plane is flying ________ the clouds, so we can't see it clearly.
A. above B. over C. on D. under
答案:A
解析:飞机在云层 “上方” 飞行,不强调垂直正上方,用 above;over 指正上方,on 需接触云层表面,under 表 “下方”,均不符合语境,故选 A。
2. (2024・上海阶段测试)Our school is located ________ the foot of the mountain.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
答案:C
解析:“在山脚下” 用固定搭配 at the foot of,at 接具体小地点,故选 C。
3. (2024・广州阶段测试)There is a small garden ________ the two buildings, where we often take a walk.
A. in front of B. in the front of C. between D. among
答案:C
解析:花园在两栋建筑 “之间”,用 between(两者之间);in front of 指外部前方,in the front of 指内部前方,among 用于三者及以上,故选 C。
4. (2024・深圳阶段测试)Japan lies ________ the east of China, while Shandong Province is ________ the east of China.
A. in; to B. to; in C. on; in D. to; on
答案:B
解析:日本与中国相隔,用 to;山东省在中国内部,用 in,故选 B。
5. (2024・杭州阶段测试)The teacher stood ________ the blackboard and began to write.
A. beside B. between C. among D. behind
答案:A
解析:老师站在黑板 “旁边”,用 beside;between 用于两者之间,among 用于三者及以上,behind 表 “后方”,均不符合 “站在黑板旁写字” 的语境,故选 A。
考点二:数词
(一)核心语法点
1. 基数词
o 构成规则:1-12 为独立单词(one/two/three),13-19 以 - teen 结尾(thirteen/fifteen/eighteen),其中 thirteen/fifteen/eighteen 拼写特殊;20-90 以 - ty 结尾(twenty/thirty/forty),需注意 forty(非 fourty)、eighty 的拼写;三位数由 “hundred + and + 两位数” 构成(如 128→one hundred and twenty-eight),四位数以上从右向左每三位用逗号分隔,依次为 thousand(千)、million(百万)、billion(十亿),如 12,345,678→twelve million three hundred and forty-five thousand six hundred and seventy-eight。
o 用法拓展:表数量(three books)、时刻(six thirty/half past six)、年龄(a seven-year-old girl)、编号(Bus No. 5/Page 10)、概数(hundreds of birds),其中概数中 hundreds/thousands/millions 需加 - s 且与 of 连用,如 “thousands of students”(成千上万的学生)。
2. 序数词
o 构成规则:1st(first)、2nd(second)、3rd(third)为特殊形式;4th 及以后在基数词后加 - th(如 fourth/sixth),但需注意 fifth(第五)、eighth(第八)、ninth(第九)、twelfth(第十二)的拼写;整十数变 y 为 i 加 - eth(twenty→twentieth);“几十几” 仅变个位(twenty-one→twenty-first)。序数词前通常加 the,若有物主代词则省略 the,如 “my third attempt”(我的第三次尝试)。
o 用法拓展:表顺序(the first chapter)、日期(July 1st)、“又一 / 再一”(a second chance),其中 “a/an + 序数词” 表示 “额外的、另一”,如 “Can I have a second cup of coffee?”(我能再要一杯咖啡吗?)。
3. 分数 / 倍数 / 次数
o 分数表达:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子 > 1 时分母加 - s。如 1/3→one third,2/5→two fifths;特殊分数如 1/2→a/one half,1/4→a/one quarter(或 one fourth),带分数用 “整数 + and + 分数” 表示,如 2 3/4→two and three fourths。分数作主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于分数修饰的名词,如 “Three fourths of the water is clean.”(四分之三的水是干净的)。
o 倍数表达:twice(两倍),three times(三倍),常用结构:①“倍数 + as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as”(The room is twice as big as that one.);②“倍数 + 形容词 / 副词比较级 + than”(He runs three times faster than me.);③“倍数 + the + 名词(size/length/width 等) + of”(The box is four times the size of that one.)。
o 次数表达:once(一次)、twice(两次),三次及以上用 “基数词 + times”,如 five times(五次)。对次数提问用 how many times,如 “How many times have you been there?”(你去过那里几次?)。
(二)点对点练习题
1. (2024・北京阶段测试)About ________ of the students in our class are interested in science.
A. two third B. two thirds C. second third D. second thirds
答案:B
解析:“三分之二” 分子用基数词 two,分母用 thirds(分子 > 1),正确表达为 two thirds,故选 B。
2. (2024・上海阶段测试)The company was founded in the ________, and it will celebrate its ________ anniversary next year.
A. 1990; thirty B. 1990s; thirtieth
C. 1990’s; thirty D. 1990s; thirty
答案:B
解析:“20 世纪 90 年代” 用 in the 1990s 或 1990’s;“第三十周年” 用序数词 thirtieth,故选 B。
3. (2024・广州阶段测试)My brother is ________ years old, and tomorrow is his ________ birthday.
A. twelve; twelve B. twelfth; twelfth
C. twelve; twelfth D. twelfth; twelve
答案:C
解析:“十二岁” 用基数词 twelve;“第十二个生日” 用序数词 twelfth,故选 C。
4. (2024・深圳阶段测试)The new building is ________ the height of the old one.
A. two B. two times C. second D. twice
答案:D
解析:“两倍高” 用 twice,two times 较口语化,second 表 “第二”,two 表 “二”,均不符合倍数表达,故选 D。
5. (2024・杭州阶段测试)I have been to the Great Wall ________, but I still want to go there ________ time.
A. twice; a second B. two times; the second
C. twice; the second D. two times; a second
答案:A
解析:“两次” 用 twice 或 two times;“再一次” 用 a second time(表 “又一”),the second time 表 “第二次”,此处指 “想再去一次”,故选 A。
考点三:连词
(一)核心语法点
1. 并列连词
o and:表并列(连接同类词 / 短语 / 句子),如 “bread and butter”(面包和黄油)、“read books and listen to music”(读书和听音乐);表顺承(动作先后发生),如 “Get up early and you’ll catch the bus.”(早起就能赶上公交);在肯定句中连接多个宾语 / 表语,如 “I like apples, bananas and oranges.”(我喜欢苹果、香蕉和橙子)。注意:and 连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数,如 “Tom and Jerry are friends.”(汤姆和杰瑞是朋友)。
o but:表转折(前后语义相反),如 “She is short but strong.”(她个子矮但强壮);可连接结构对称的成分,如 “I want to go, but he wants to stay.”(我想走,但他想留下)。but 不能与 although/though 连用,如 “Although it’s raining, but we still go out.”(错误),应改为 “Although it’s raining, we still go out.” 或 “It’s raining, but we still go out.”。
o or:表选择(两者中选其一),如 “Coffee or tea?”(咖啡还是茶?);表 “否则”(=if not),如 “Hurry up, or you’ll be late.”(快点,否则会迟到);在否定句中连接并列成分,代替肯定句中的 and,如 “I don’t like coffee or tea.”(我不喜欢咖啡或茶)。注意:or 连接两个主语时,谓语动词遵循 “就近原则”,如 “Either you or he is wrong.”(不是你错就是他错)。
2. 从属连词
o because:引导原因状语从句,回答 why 提问,如 “Why didn’t you come? Because I was ill.”(你为什么没来?因为我病了)。because 从句可位于主句前或后,位于句首时用逗号隔开,如 “Because it was raining, we stayed at home.”(因为下雨,我们待在家里)。because 语气最强,比 as/since 更强调直接原因,且不能与 so 连用,如 “Because he is kind, so everyone likes him.”(错误),应改为 “Because he is kind, everyone likes him.” 或 “He is kind, so everyone likes him.”。
3. 句型转换中的 and/or
o 肯定句变否定句时,and 需改为 or,因为否定句中用 or 表示并列否定。如:
肯定句:I like math and English.
否定句:I don’t like math or English.
原理:肯定句中 “和” 用 and,否定句中 “或” 用 or,强调两者都不喜欢。
(二)点对点练习题
1. (2024・北京阶段测试)I wanted to buy a new bike, ________ I didn’t have enough money.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
答案:B
解析:“想买自行车” 与 “没钱” 为转折关系,用 but,故选 B。
2. (2024・上海阶段测试)Hurry up, ________ you will miss the beginning of the movie.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
答案:C
解析:表 “否则” 用 or,“快点,否则错过电影开头”,故选 C。
3. (2024・广州阶段测试)—Why did you stay at home yesterday?
—________ I had to look after my little sister.
A. And B. But C. Or D. Because
答案:D
解析:回答 why 提问用 because,故选 D。
4. (2024・深圳阶段测试)I don’t like swimming ________ running, but I like playing basketball.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
答案:C
解析:否定句中 “和” 用 or,“不喜欢游泳或跑步”,故选 C。
5. (2024・杭州阶段测试)She is good at math ________ science, and her brother is good at English.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
答案:A
解析:“数学和科学” 为并列关系,肯定句中用 and,故选 A。
考点四:频度副词
一、核心语法点
1. 频率排序与含义
o 按频率从高到低:
o always(100%):表示 “总是”,强调无例外,如 “He always arrives early.”(他总是早到)。
o usually(80%):意为 “通常”,指习惯性行为,如 “Usually, she walks to school.”(通常她步行上学)。
o often(30-50%):表示 “经常”,频率低于 usually,如 “We often have dinner together.”(我们经常一起吃晚饭)。
o sometimes(20%):意为 “有时”,动作偶发,如 “Sometimes he reads novels.”(有时他读小说)。
o seldom(5%):表示 “很少”,接近否定,如 “I seldom eat junk food.”(我很少吃垃圾食品)。
o never(0%):意为 “从不”,完全否定,如 “She never lies.”(她从不说谎)。
o 记忆技巧:可结合 “always(总是)→ usually(通常)→ often(经常)→ sometimes(有时)→ seldom(很少)→ never(从不)” 的递减逻辑理解。
2. 位置规则
o be 动词之后:位于 am/is/are/was/were 后,如 “The boy is often late.”(这个男孩经常迟到)。
o 情态动词 / 助动词之后:在 can/may/will/have 等后、实义动词前,如 “I can never understand him.”(我永远无法理解他)、“They have usually finished homework.”(他们通常已完成作业)。
o 实义动词之前:在 run/eat/study 等动词前,如 “He sometimes forgets his keys.”(他有时忘带钥匙)。
o 特殊位置:
o sometimes 可放句首:如 “Sometimes, she listens to music.”(有时她听音乐)。
o often 可放句末:如 “She visits me often.”(她经常来看我)。
3. 特殊用法
o always + 进行时表情绪:不强调动作进行,而是表达赞叹或厌烦,如:
o 赞叹:“He is always helping others.”(他总是帮助别人。)
o 厌烦:“The baby is always crying.”(这个婴儿总是哭。)
o 提问方式:用how often询问频率,如:
o “How often do you exercise?”(你多久锻炼一次?)
o “Twice a week.”(一周两次。)
二、点对点练习题
1. (2024・北京阶段测试)—How often do you go to the library?
—________. I like reading there.
A. Seldom B. Never C. Often D. Hardly
答案:C
解析:根据 “I like reading there.” 可知去图书馆频率高,often(经常)符合语境;seldom(很少)、never(从不)、hardly(几乎不)均表低频,故选 C。
2. (2024・上海阶段测试)She ________ gets up early, so she is never late for school.
A. always B. sometimes C. seldom D. never
答案:A
解析:“从不迟到” 说明总是早起,用 always(总是);sometimes(有时)、seldom(很少)、never(从不)无法支撑 “不迟到” 的结果,故选 A。
3. (2024・广州阶段测试)He is ________ thinking of others, so everyone likes him.
A. always B. sometimes C. seldom D. never
答案:A
解析:“大家都喜欢他” 因他 “总是” 为他人着想,always + 进行时表赞叹;sometimes(有时)、seldom(很少)、never(从不)不符合语境,故选 A。
4. (2024・深圳阶段测试)—Does your father drive to work?
—No, ________. He usually takes the subway.
A. always B. usually C. often D. seldom
答案:D
解析:“通常乘地铁” 说明很少开车,用 seldom(很少);always(总是)、usually(通常)、often(经常)与 “乘地铁” 矛盾,故选 D。
5. (2024・杭州阶段测试)The old man ________ goes out because he can’t walk far.
A. always B. usually C. sometimes D. never
答案:D
解析:“无法走远” 导致 “从不” 出门,用 never(从不);always(总是)、usually(通常)、sometimes(有时)与 “不能走远” 冲突,故选 D。
一、介词
难点 1:方位介词 in/on/to 的辨析
要点 1:易混淆 “范围内外与接壤关系”,如误将 “日本位于中国东部” 译为 “in the east of China”(实际日本与中国相隔,用 to)。
要点 2:牢记 “in 内部、on 接壤、to 相隔”,如 “Shandong is in the east of China”(山东在中国内部,用 in),“North Korea is on the east of China”(朝鲜与中国接壤,用 on)。
难点 2:in front of 与 in the front of 的误用
要点 1:前者指 “外部前方”(如车停在房子前),后者指 “内部前部”(如教室前的讲台),需通过 “物体是否在内部” 判断。
要点 2:例句对比:“There’s a tree in front of the house.”(外部) vs. “The blackboard is in the front of the classroom.”(内部)。
二、数词
难点 1:基数词与序数词的混用
要点 1:序数词前常漏加 the,如 “the fifth lesson” 易写成 “fifth lesson”;“又一” 需用 “a + 序数词”,如 “a second try”(再一次尝试)。
要点 2:几十几的序数词仅变个位,如 “twenty-first”(第 21),非 “twentieth-first”。
难点 2:分数表达规则
要点 1:分子 > 1 时分母加 s,如 “三分之二” 是 “two thirds”,非 “two third”;“四分之一” 可写 “a quarter” 或 “one fourth”。
要点 2:带分数需用 and 连接,如 “1 1/2” 是 “one and a half”,不可省略 and。
三、连词
难点 1:but 与 although 的连用错误
要点 1:中文 “虽然…… 但是……” 对应英文时,although/though 与 but 只能用其一,如 “Although he is poor, but he is happy.”(错误),应删去 but。
难点 2:否定句中 and 变 or 的规则
要点 1:肯定句并列用 and,否定句需换 or,如 “I like apples and bananas.”→否定句为 “I don’t like apples or bananas.”。
要点 2:例外情况:若否定词只否定部分内容,仍可用 and,如 “I don’t like red and blue, but green.”(仅否定红蓝,不否定绿色)。
四、频度副词
难点 1:位置规则的混淆
要点 1:易将频度副词放错位置,如 “Is she always late?”(正确) vs. “Is always she late?”(错误),需牢记 “be 动词后、实义动词前”。
要点 2:情态动词 / 助动词后接频度副词,如 “I will never forget.”(正确),非 “I never will forget.”。
难点 2:always + 进行时的情绪表达
要点 1:易误解为 “正在进行”,实则表 “反复发生的行为”,如 “He is always talking in class.”(含 “厌烦” 情绪,非 “正在说话”)。
要点 2:区分正常进行时:“He is talking now.”(此刻正在说,无情绪) vs. “He is always talking.”(总在说,表不满)。
考点一:介词
一、单项选择
1.(24-25七年级下·北京·期中)I play football twice a week, usually___________ weekends.
A.at B.in C.for D.by
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我每周踢两次足球,通常在周末。
考查介词辨析。at在,用于表示具体的时间点或较短的时间段;in用于较大的时间范围;for表示动作持续的时间;by到……为止。根据“weekends”及固定短语“at weekends”可知,at符合句意。故选A。
2.(24-25七年级下·北京海淀·期中)Thai Elephant Day is ________ 13 March.
A.at B.in C.on D.for
【答案】C
【详解】句意:泰国大象日是在3月13日。
考查介词辨析。at在,用于具体时刻;in在,用于年、月、季节等较长时间范围;on在,用于具体的某一天;for后常接一段时间。根据“13 March”可知,3月13日是具体的日期,在具体日期前用介词on。故选C。
3.(24-25七年级下·江苏淮安·期中)Look! There is a new blackboard ________ the classroom.
A.outside B.in front of C.in the front of D.under
【答案】C
【详解】句意:看!教室前面有一个新黑板。
考查介词辨析。outside在……外面; in front of在……前面(外部);in the front of在……的前面(内部);under在……下面。根据“There is a new blackboard ... the classroom.”可知,黑板在教室里,所以应该是教室内部的位置。“in the front of” 表示在内部的某个部分的前部。故选C。
4.(24-25七年级下·北京·期中)In the Zhou Dynasty, Chinese people began to store winter ice to enjoy ________ summer.
A.in B.at C.on D.of
【答案】A
【详解】句意:在周朝,中国人开始储存冬天的冰在夏天享受。
考查介词。in在某年某月某季节;at在某时刻;on在某一天;of……的。空后是季节,用介词in。故选A。
5.(24-25七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)Look at the picture on the right. Where is the cat?
A.It’s outside the house. B.It’s near the ball.
C.It’s below the floor. D.It’s under the table.
【答案】B
【详解】句意:看右边的图片。猫在哪里?
考查介词。It’s outside the house它在房子外面;It’s near the ball它在球附近;It’s below the floor它在地板下面;It’s under the table它在桌子下面。由图片可知,猫在球的附近。故选B。
6.(24-25七年级下·江苏南通·期中)In the movie Nezha 2, when Nezha stood on the fiery wind wheel (风火轮) high in the sky, he looked down at the village ________ him. There, people lived a happy life.
A.over B.under C.above D.below
【答案】D
【详解】句意:在电影《哪吒2》中,当哪吒高高站在天空中的风火轮上时,他俯视着他下面的村庄。在那里,人们过着幸福的生活。
考查方位介词辨析。over在……正上方;under在……正下方;above在……上方(不一定是正上方);below在……下方(不一定是正下方)。此处是从高处往下看村庄,村庄在其下方,不一定是正下方,所以用below。故选D。
7.(24-25七年级下·广东广州·期中)Beijing, the capital city of China, _________ the north of the country.
A.lay at B.lies in C.lay on D.lies to
【答案】B
【详解】句意:北京,中国的首都,位于这个国家的北部。
考查动词短语及主谓一致辨析和方位介词用法。lay at 无此搭配,不符合语法规则,可排除;lies in 意为“位于(某范围之内)”,通常用于描述某地处于另一个较大地理区域内部;lay on 无此搭配,不符合语法规则,可排除;lies to 意为“位于(某范围之外且不接壤)”,通常用于描述某地处于另一个地理区域外部且二者不相邻。根据常识可知,北京是中国的首都,它位于中国这个国家的内部,所以应该用 lies in。故选B。
8.(24-25七年级下·江苏淮安·期中)Zhejiang is ________ the east of China and you can see beautiful views there.
A.at B.to C.in D.on
【答案】C
【详解】句意:浙江在中国的东部,在那里你可以看到美丽的景色。
考查方位介词的用法。at通常用于表示较小的地点或具体地点;to表示在某个范围之外,且不接壤;in表示在某个范围之内;on表示与某个范围接壤。浙江是中国的一个省级行政区,在中国的内部,所以“in”符合题意。故选C。
9.(24-25七年级下·广东广州·期中)Look! There is a tree ________ the house and a cat is lying ________ the tree.
A.in front of, between B.in front of, under C.from, under D.between, on
【答案】B
【详解】句意:看!那座房子前面有一棵树,一只猫正躺在树下。
考查介词辨析。in front of在……的前面;from来自;between在……之间;under在……下面;on在……上面(树上生长的)。根据“a tree”和“the house”可知,此处应用in front of表示“树长在房子前面”,根据“a cat is lying”可知,猫躺在树下,用under。故选B。
10.(24-25七年级下·江苏宿迁·期中)—Shirley, does Tom live two floors ________ you in the building?
—Yes. I can see his balcony when I look down.
A.below B.over C.among D.between
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——Shirley,Tom住在你的楼下吗?——是的。我往下看时可以看到他的阳台。
考查介词词义辨析。below在……下方;over在……上方;among在……之间;between两者之间。根据“I can see his balcony when I look down.”可知,Tom应该是住在Shirley楼下。故选A。
考点二:数词
1. (24-25七年级下·江苏宿迁·期中)We read “7,146,000” as “________”.
A.seven hundred million, six thousand
B.seven million and one hundred forty-six thousand
C.seven million, one hundred forty-six thousand
D.seven million, one hundred and forty-six thousand
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们把“7,146,000”读作“七百一十四万六千”。
考查数词的读法。百位和十位数之间需要and连接,D项符合。故选D。
2. (24-25七年级下·江苏淮安·期中)—Students in our school planted ________ trees on last Sunday.
—Good job! Everyone can do something to make our town greener.
A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundreds of D.five hundreds
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我们学校的学生上周日种了数百棵树。——干得好!每个人都可以做些事情来使我们的城镇更加绿色。
考查数词表达。hundred百;hundreds无此结构;hundreds of数百;five hundreds无此结构。hundred意为“百”,和具体数字连用时,不能加s;空前没有具体的数字,所以此处是概数的表达,应用hundreds of“数百”表示。故选C。
3. (24-25七年级下·安徽马鞍山·期中)—How do we read the following number 4,536,200?
—________.
A.Four million five thousand thirty-six hundred and two hundred
B.Four million five hundred and thirty-six thousand two hundred
C.Fourteen million five hundred and thirty-six thousand two hundred
D.Forty million five thousand thirty-six hundred and two hundred
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——4536200这个数字怎么读?——四百五十万三千六千二百。
考查数词。根据英语的数字读法,首先应该分节,每三位数分一个节,从右往左;千百位与十位/个位之间,需加and连接,4,000,000读作“four million”;536,000读作“five hundred and thirty-six thousand ”(百位与十位间加and);200读作“two hundred”,只有选项B符合题意。故选B。
4. (23-24七年级下·山东青岛·期中)They have ________ son.
A.an 11-year-old B.a 11-year-old
C.an 11-years-old D.a 11-years-old
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他们有一个11岁的儿子。
考查复合形容词及不定冠词。根据“son”可知,此处应用复合形容词“基数词-year-old”的结构,即11-year-old,作定语,且此处表示泛指一个11岁的儿子,需用不定冠词,11是以元音音素开头的单词,不定冠词用an。故选A。
5. (23-24七年级下·山东青岛·期中)There are ________ students in that school.
A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundred of D.five hundred
【答案】D
【详解】句意:那所学校有500名学生。
考查大数的表达。hundred“百”,当其前有基数词限定时,hundred不加s,也不与of连用;当表示概数时,hundred后要加s,且与of连用。结合选项可知,D选项为正确表达方式。故选D。
6. (23-24七年级下·云南昆明·期中)There are over nine ________ books in this new library.
A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundred of D.hundreds of
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这个新图书馆有900多本书。
考查大数的表达。当hundred前有基数词或a,表示一个具体数值时,后面不加s,且其后不接of;hundreds of是一个概数,表示“数以百计”,其前不能加基数词。根据“nine”可知,此处表示一个确定的数“九百”,故应用nine hundred。故选A。
7. (23-24七年级下·上海徐汇·期中)Over ________ doctors in this hospital have entered for the medical team.
A.two hundreds B.a hundred of C.one hundred D.hundreds of
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这个医院有超过一百个医生进入了医疗团队。
考查数词。two hundreds错误写法;a hundred of……中的一百个;one hundred一百;hundreds of数百;根据“Over”可知,横线上是具体数字。故选C。
8. (24-25七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)—What should we do now?
—Please turn to page ________ and look at ________ picture.
A.twelve; the fifth B.twelfth; the fifth C.twelve; a fifth D.the twelfth; the five
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——现在我们应该做什么?——请翻到12页,看第五张图。
考查数词。twelve十二,是基数词;fifth第五,是序数词;five五,是基数词;twelfth第十二,是序数词。第一空表示页数,用page+基数词,因此用twelve;第二空特指第几张图片,用序数词,前面加the。故选A。
9. (24-25七年级下·江苏常州·期中)There are _______ books in the school library. Excitingly, it is going to buy five _______ books this year.
A.thousands of; hundreds B.thousand of; hundred C.thousands of; hundred D.thousand of; hundreds of
【答案】C
【详解】句意:学校图书馆里有成千上万本书。令人兴奋的是,它今年将购买500本书。
考查大数表达。thousand千;hundred百。hundred/thousand前有基数词修饰时,其后不加s,且通常不与of连用,“基数词+hundred/thousand”表示具体的“几百/几千”;hundred/thousand前无基数词修饰时,其后需加s,与of构成“hundreds/thousands of”表示“数以百计的/成千上万的”,表泛指。分析题干,前句空格前无基数词,应用“hundreds/thousands of”表泛指;后句空格前有具体的数词five,应用hundred/thousand表示具体的数量。故选C。
10. (24-25七年级下·山东东营·期中)—Anything else?
—Yes, one _________ thing. Please remember to turn off the lights when you leave the room.
A.another B.last C.any D.more
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——还有什么其他事吗?——是的,还有一件事,请记得离开房间时关灯。
考查代词。another另一个;last最后的;any任何;more更多。one more thing表示“还有一件事”,符合对话的语境。故选D。
考点三:连词
1. (24-25七年级下·北京·期中)This cap is nice, ________ it doesn’t look good on me.
A.and B.so C.but D.or
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这顶帽子很好看,但我戴起来不好看。
考查并列连词辨析。and和;so所以;but但是;or或者。前后分句为转折关系,需用“but”连接。故选C。
2. (24-25七年级下·北京·期中)I drink water when I am thirsty, ___________ it’s better to drink before I get thirsty.
A.because B.but C.so D.or
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我口渴时会喝水,但最好在口渴前就喝水。
考查连词辨析。because因为;but但是;so所以;or或者。前句“I drink water when I am thirsty”(我口渴时喝水) 表达常规行为,后句“it’s better to drink before I get thirsty”(最好在口渴前喝水) 提出相反建议,前后两句为转折关系,应用but。故选B。
3. (24-25七年级下·四川遂宁·期中)Which do you like, the red dress ________ the blue one?
A.and B.or C.with D.for
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你喜欢哪一个,红色的连衣裙还是蓝色的那个?
考查并列连词辨析。and和;or或者;with和……一起;for为了。根据“Which do you like”可知,此句为选择疑问句,需用or连接两个备选项,指选择红色的连衣裙还是蓝色的连衣裙。故选B。
4. (24-25七年级下·广东深圳·期中)She tries ________ detailed notes in class ________ she may better understand the difficult points after class.
A.takes; because B.taking; but C.to take; so D.taking; or
【答案】C
【详解】句意:她在课堂上尽力记详细的笔记,以便课后能更好地理解难点。
考查非谓语动词和连词辨析。takes记下;taking动名词或现在分词;to take动词不定式;so所以;or或者。because因为;but但是;首先,“try to do sth.”是固定用法,表示“尽力做某事”,“try doing sth.”表示“尝试做某事”,结合语境这里是说尽力记笔记,所以第一空应填“to take”。第二空“she may better understand the difficult points after class”是“她在课堂上尽力记详细笔记”的目的,所以填“so”。故选C。
5. (24-25七年级下·北京大兴·期中)Skateboarding is difficult, _______ I never give it up.
A.and B.so C.but D.or
【答案】C
【详解】句意:滑板很难,但我从未放弃。
考查连词辨析。and和;so因此;but但是;or否则。分析句子可知,前后句表示转折关系,表示虽然滑板很难但从未放弃,but“但是”表转折。故选C。
6. (24-25七年级下·江西南昌·期中)—Do you like skateboarding?
—Yes. ________ I can’t do it well.
A.But B.And C.Or D.So
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你喜欢滑板吗?——是的。但是我滑得不好。
考查连词辨析。But但是;And和;Or或者;So所以。根据“Yes...I can’t do it well.”可知,前后句意存在转折关系,应选用表示转折的连词“But”。故选A。
7. (24-25七年级下·广东广州·期中)Jane wants to practise her English, _________ she can hardly find a pen friend in England.
A.so B.and C.but D.or
【答案】C
【详解】句意:简想练习英语,但她很难在英格兰找到笔友。
考查连词辨析。so因此,表因果关系;and和,表并列关系;but但是,表转折关系;or或者,表选择关系。根据句中的“wants to practise… hardly find…”可知,此处是愿望与现实的转折,应用but连接,故选C。
8. (24-25七年级下·上海浦东新·期中)Lu Yao had a bad fever, ________ she couldn’t come to school today.
A.so B.but C.and D.or
【答案】A
【详解】句意:路遥发烧很厉害,所以她今天不能来上学了。
考查连词。so所以;but但是;and和;or或者。根据“Lu Yao had a bad fever...she couldn’t come to school today.”可知,前句是原因,后句是前句的结果,so“所以”符合句意。故选A。
9. (24-25七年级上·江苏无锡·期中)Love from parents is like the wind—you can’t see it ________ you can feel it.
A.and B.but C.or D.so
【答案】B
【详解】句意:父母的爱就像风——你看不见它,但是你可以感觉到它。
考查并列连词辨析。and和,表示并列或递进;but但是,表示转折或对比;or或者,表示选择;so所以,表示因果。根据句子“you can’t see it”与“you can feel it”之间存在着转折关系,应该用连词but。故选B。
10. (24-25七年级上·天津河西·期中)I usually drink coffee in the morning, ________ today I feel like drinking tea.
A.and B.but C.so D.or
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我通常早上喝咖啡,但今天我想喝茶。
考查并列连词辨析。and和,又;but但是;so因此;or或者。根据“I usually drink coffee in the morning…today I feel like drinking tea.”可知,此处指的是我通常早上喝咖啡,今天早上想喝茶,空格前后句子为转折关系。but“但是”,并列连词表转折,符合语境。故选B。
考点四:频度副词
1. (24-25七年级下·四川雅安·期中)—How often does John play volleyball?
—He _______ plays volleyball. Maybe once or twice a year.
A.never B.often C.always D.hardly ever
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——约翰多久打一次排球?——他很少打排球。也许一年一两次。
考查副词辨析。never从不;often经常;always总是;hardly ever几乎从不,很少。根据“Maybe once or twice a year.”可知,是一年打一两次排球,说明他很少打排球。故选D。
2. (24-25七年级下·北京·期中)Lucy is a good student. She is ________ late for school.
A.sometimes B.always C.usually D.never
【答案】D
【详解】Lucy是个好学生,她上学从不迟到。
考查频度副词。sometimes有时;always总是;usually经常;never从不。根据“Lucy is a good student. She is ... late for school.”可知,好学生上学从不迟到。故选D。
3. (24-25七年级下·江西宜春·期中)I ________ play baseball. Because it is too difficult for me.
A.always B.usually C.sometimes D.seldom
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我很少打棒球。因为这对我来说太难了。
考查频率副词。always经常;usually通常;sometimes有时;seldom很少。根据“Because it is too difficult for me.”可知,很少打棒球。故选D。
4. (24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期中)—How often do you play football?
—_________. My left leg is not feeling well, so I always swim for exercise.
A.Always B.Often C.Usually D.Never
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你多久踢一次足球?——从不。我的左腿感觉不舒服,所以我总是游泳来锻炼。
考查副词辨析。Always总是;Often经常;Usually通常;Never从不。根据“My left leg is not feeling well, so I always swim for exercise.”可知,因为左腿不舒服,总是游泳锻炼,所以是从不踢足球。故选D。
5. (24-25七年级下·江西吉安·期中)—Would you like some coffee?
—No, thanks. I ________ drink it. I think water is the best.
A.often B.usually C.never D.always
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——要喝点咖啡吗?——不了,谢谢。我从不喝咖啡,我觉得水最好。
考查频度副词辨析。often经常;usually通常;never从不;always总是。根据“I think water is the best.”可知,此处是说从不喝咖啡。故选C。
6. (24-25七年级下·安徽淮南·期中)Joyce ______ stays up late. She lives a healthy life.
A.hardly B.always C.often D.sometimes
【答案】A
【详解】句意:Joyce几乎不熬夜。她过着健康的生活。
考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不;always总是;often经常;sometimes有时。根据“She lives a healthy life”及常识可知,通常健康的生活方式是不会经常熬夜的。故选A。
7. (24-25七年级下·安徽宿州·期中)—You look strong and healthy. ________ do you do sports?
—I ________ play basketball after school.
A.How much; often B.How often; always C.How often; seldom D.How soon; sometimes
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你看起来强壮又健康。你多久做一次运动?——我放学后总是打篮球。
考查疑问词和频率副词。How much“多少”,用于询问数量或价格;How often“多久一次”,用于询问频率;How soon“多久以后”,用于询问将来的时间;often“经常”; always“总是”;seldom“很少”; sometimes“有时”。根据答句中的日常活动描述可知,此处询问活动的频率;根据“You look strong and healthy.”可知,经常做运动,How often和always最符合逻辑。故选B。
8. (24-25七年级下·北京·期中)—What do you usually have for breakfast?
—I _________ have some bread and milk. Sometimes I have eggs and beans.
A.seldom B.usually C.always D.never
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你早餐通常吃什么?——我通常吃面包和牛奶。有时吃鸡蛋和豆子。
考查副词辨析。seldom很少;usually通常;always总是;never从不。根据“What do you usually have for breakfast?”可知,此处回答通常吃什么,故选B。
9. (24-25七年级下·江西南昌·期中)— I can only play basketball once a week. How about you?
— You are lucky. I ________ play basketball.
A.always B.usually C.often D.seldom
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我一周只能打一次篮球。你呢?—— 你真幸运。我很少打篮球。
考查频度副词辨析。always总是;usually通常;often经常;seldom很少。根据“I can only play basketball once a week.”以及“You are lucky”可知,说话者认为对方能一周打一次篮球已经很幸运,暗示自己打篮球的频率更低,因此此处指的是“很少”,故选D。
10. (24-25七年级下·安徽宿州·期中)My mother is an English teacher. She is very busy every day and she ________ has a good rest.
A.always B.often C.usually D.hardly ever
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我妈妈是一名英语老师。她每天都很忙,几乎没有好好休息过。
考查频度副词。always总是;often经常;usually通常;hardly ever几乎不。根据“She is very busy every day”可知,每天都很忙,应是几乎没有好好休息过,D项符合。故选D。
中考真题
1. (2024·江苏南通·中考真题)Jack is crazy about sports. He ________ takes part in the school sports meeting.
A.never B.seldom C.sometimes D.always
【答案】D
【详解】句意:杰克酷爱运动。他总是参加学校运动会。
考查副词辨析。never从不;seldom很少;sometimes有时;always总是。根据“Jack is crazy about sports. He...takes part in the school sports meeting.”可知他喜欢运动,所以总是参加学校运动会。故选D。
2. (2024·江苏镇江·中考真题)Look at the picture on the right. Daniel ________ plays the piano.
A.never B.sometimes C.usually D.always
【答案】A
【详解】句意:看右边的图片。丹尼尔从不弹钢琴。
考查常识和副词辨析。never从不;sometimes有时;usually通常;always总是。根据图片显示可知,丹尼尔弹钢琴的频率是“never”,故选A。
3. (2024·海南·中考真题)Jessica is really careful about what she eats. She ________ eats unhealthy food.
A.always B.often C.never
【答案】C
【详解】句意:Jessica非常注意她吃的东西,她从不吃不健康的食物。
考查副词辨析。always总是;often经常;never从不。根据“Jessica is really careful about what she eats. She...eats unhealthy food.”可知,Jessica对饮食非常谨慎,因此应该是不吃不健康的食物,符合never的用法。故选C。
4. (2022·天津·中考真题)Although he failed many times, he ________ gave up his dream.
A.nearly B.never C.often D.always
【答案】B
【详解】句意:虽然他失败了很多次,但是他从不放弃他的梦想。
考查副词辨析。nearly几乎;never从不;often经常;always总是。根据“Although he failed many times, he...gave up his dream”可知虽然他失败了,但是他从不放弃。故选B。
5. (2022·湖南益阳·中考真题)—Does your brother play computer games?
—No, he ________ plays them. He always reads books.
A.sometimes B.often C.never
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你弟弟玩电脑游戏吗?——不,他很少玩。他总是看书。
考查频度副词。sometimes有时;often经常;never从不。根据“No”以及“He always reads books”可知,他很少玩电脑游戏,故选C。
6. (2022·辽宁沈阳·中考真题)People should ________ pick up the rubbish whenever they see it.
A.never B.seldom C.sometimes D.always
【答案】D
【详解】句意:每当人们看到垃圾,应该总是捡起它。
考查频度副词。never从不;seldom很少;sometimes有时;always总是。根据“People should…pick up the rubbish whenever they see it”及常识可知,看到垃圾应该捡起,保护环境人人有责,故选D。
7. (2022·广西贵港·中考真题)Tina gets up early every morning, so she is ________ late for school.
A.often B.always C.usually D.never
【答案】D
【详解】句意:蒂娜每天早上起得很早,所以她上学从不迟到。
考查频度副词。often经常;always总是;usually通常;never从不。根据“Tina gets up early every morning”可知,蒂娜每天早上起得很早,从而推断她上学从不迟到。故选D。
8. (2022·吉林·中考真题)I ________ go to the art museum because I like painting.
A.often B.hardly C.never
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我经常去艺术博物馆,因为我喜欢绘画。
考查副词辨析。often经常;hardly几乎不;never从不。根据“because I like painting”可知,因为喜欢绘画所以经常去艺术博物馆,故选A。
9. (2022·广西贺州·中考真题)Andy doesn’t like junk food at all, so she ________ eats it.
A.often B.sometimes C.usually D.never
【答案】D
【详解】句意:安迪一点都不喜欢垃圾食品,所以她从不吃。
考查副词辨析。often经常;sometimes有时;usually通常;never从不。根据“Andy doesn’t like junk food at all”可知,不喜欢垃圾食品应是从来不吃。故选D。
10. (2022·四川乐山·中考真题)The little boy is ________ angry with his parents because he thinks they love his sister more.
A.never B.seldom C.often
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这个小男孩经常生他父母的气,因为他认为他们更爱他的妹妹。
考查副词辨析。never从不;seldom很少;often经常。根据“because he thinks they love his sister more”可知,因为他认为他们更爱他的妹妹,所以他经常生父母的气,故选C。
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