上海市静安区2024-2025学年高二下学期期末英语试卷

静安区2024学年第二学期期末教学质量调研 高二英语试卷 2025.06 考生注意： 1.考试时间105分钟，试卷满分100分。 2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。全卷共11页。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非 选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。 4.答题纸涂号及答题与试卷题号一致。 I.Listening Comprehension Section A Directions:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1.A.$800. B.$850. C.$900. D.$950 2.A.She doesn't like the movie. B.She prefers to spend money on coffee. C.She needs to cut down on coffee D.She has already bought the tickets. 3.A.It was stressful but necessary. B.It was too short to be helpful. C.It was difficult to manage. D.It was valuable and enjoyable. 4.A.She's grateful for the extension. B.She'll stick to the original deadline. C.She will delay her submission D.She is puzzled by the professor's decision. 5.A.The woman thought the man shared her opinion. B.The woman asked the man for advice in advance. C.The woman deliberately ignored the man's opinion. D.The woman felt sorry for the man. 6.A.Many students share the woman's concern. B.The woman's data is definitely insufficient. C.He will help the woman collect more data. D.The professor requires more data. 高二英语第1页共11页 7.A.He doesn't understand economics articles. B.He needs help with his research paper. C.He is struggling to find research materials. D.He is behind schedule on his project. 8.A.Take the train to the terminal station. B.Wait for the train to complete its route. C.Call for help at the next station. D.Get off at the next stop and return by train 9.A.The presentation should be postponed. B.The woman should begin preparing at once. C.The woman has enough time to prepare. D.The presentation is not very important. 10.A The role of mathematics in music. B.Students'interest in music classes. C.A teacher's innovative teaching method. D.Problems with traditional teaching. Section B Directions:In Section B,you will hear one short passage and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on the passage and the longer conversation.The passage and the longer conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11.A.To replace Google Maps with its own app. B.To reduce reliance on American technology. C.To lower smartphone production costs. D.To compete with other Chinese operating systems. 12.A.Loss of access to Google's Android updates. B.Delays in launching new smartphone models. C.Increased dependence on Chinese software. D.A sharp increase in smartphone sales. 13.A.Because Harmony OS lacks technical innovation. B.Because Android already has most developers and users. C.Because Huawei refuses to share it with its competitors. D.Because Harmony OS requires special hardware modifications. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following conversation. 14.A.For its better taste. B.For its health-beneficial minerals. C.For its longer expiration date. D.For its convenience in transportation. 高二英语第2页共11页 15.A.Scientific studies on tap water pollution. B.Social media rumors about tap water additives. C.Bottled water companies'advertising campaigns. D.News reports about aging water pipelines. 16.A.The health benefits of bottled water. B.The environmental impact of plastic bottles. C.The debate between bottled water and tap water. D.The marketing strategies of luxury water brands. II.Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. Cats have the power to glow in the dark,scientists discover Cats always land on their feet and are seen as a symbol of good luck in some cultures.They enjoy nine lives.But now the cat folk story has received an extra boost as scientists have found they can even glow in the dark. The domestic cat is one of 125 species that 17 (find)to have fluorescent( properties that make them glow under UV light.This ability has been noted in various animals, including humans,but it was never known 18 widespread it was. Scientists in Australia reviewed a museum's collection of mammals to see how many glowed in the dark 19 a UV lignt was turned on.They found 125 species had the ability.The research found that all27 orders((目)一the level above genus(属)一20_(have)members that possessed fluorescent properties."Fluorescence was most common and most intense among night- active species,with more of their body 21(be)more fluorescent,"the study authors said. "22 remains unclear whether fluorescence has any specific biological role for mammals.It appears to be a common property of colorless fur and skin.But it may function 23 (make)these areas appear brighter therefore enhancing visual signaling.This is especially true for night-active species." There are various forms of fluorescence,but all involve the absorption of light and a low- level emission,24 otten resembles a glow.The role of this phenomenon in nature remains unknown but is likely to help animals of the same species communicate. People and rabbits were the first mammals 25 tshow)to have fluorescent properties when an academic paper in 1911 found human hair could emit light in the UV range.Over the years,a few studies have identified specific individual species 26 fluorescent capabilities and provided unproven story-based evidence. 高二英语第3页共11页 Section B Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A.advanced B.signs C fantasy D.mysterious E.shave F.track G.feed link L predictions J.updating K.risky When visiting a doctor a few years from now,you can expect to be accompanied by a virtual version of yourself.This so-called digital twin will be a working model of your body that can be called onto a physician's computer screen.Updated with your latest vital 27,it will help the doctor make an accurate diagnosis.It also opens the door for medicines and procedures designed specifically for you,greatly increasing recovery rates. This might seem like 28 but the foundations are being laid.Researchers at Queen Mary University of London already use computer simulations()of the hearts of individual patients to evaluate different treatments for atrial fibrillation,a common disorder.It would be far too 29 to experiment this way on someone's real heart.With other organs also being twinned by scientists,it seems likely they will eventually 30 up to form a virtual body. As our Science technology section reports,digital twins are starting to pop up everywhere. Among other things,they monitor the health of jet engines on airliners,keep 31 of Uber's network of vehicles and copy Amazon's extensive supply chain well enough for the online retailer to accurately forecast sales several years ahead.They are helping local authorities respond to the effects of flooding and letting carmakers 32 years off the development of new models by simulating test drives and crashes.Twins are also being developed to help manage factories, companies and entire cities.All this is being turbo-charged by recent progress in artificial intelligence (AD,which gives digital twins the ability to make 33 about their physical equivalents,and fine-tune themselves on new data. Digital twins began as basic computer models of physical objects and systems.As computers have become more powerful,twins have become more 34 Complex design and modelling software means many physical objects take shape in the virtual world.Small sensors,capable of measuring all sorts of things,35 twins with real-time data,ensuring that they mirror their physical equivalents.A Formula I racing car,for instance,may have more than 250 sensors 36 its digital twin during a grand race.The use of AI takes all this much further,allowing virtual models to become more sophisticated,and to both simulate and optimize activities in the real world. III.Reading Comprehension Section A Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. 高二英语第4页共11页 Checking packages is unhealthy obsession There's a child-like joy that comes with ordering something online-whether it be clothes or kitchen gadgets.We sit 37 the U.S.Postal Service or FedEx pages to see when our items will arrive,and we become overly excited,hopeful and anxious.But why? According to Owen O'Kane,a psychotherapist,even the smallest positive future events can 38 us when we're feeling down.This is why people look forward to dinner reservations, hair appointments and yes,receiving packages. But it's not the purchase itself that arouses this happiness.Experts say there's something about the 39 of a package arriving that is exciting for those in need of change in their lives When our package finally arrives,many of us are satisfied.But that initial excitement has probably 40 because our obsession with our parcel represents much more than the item we purchased. For some,the arrival of a package may represent"an imagined positive future,where you can control your needs for a book or blouse,"making life feel more 41 and less dull. Waiting for a parcel can also serve as a temporary 42 from the boredom,giving you something new to look forward to. "You're distracting yourself from other feelings like anxiety,boredom.When you imagine a positive event in the future,you feel only joyful expectation.And tracking it down to the street of the delivery truck makes it even more 43"O'Kane says.Nevertheless,anticipation isn't always a good thing. People became angry recently when the U.S.Postal Service announced its slower delivery. And now,many are worried about items arriving late,appearing broken,or simply not 44 expectations. This phenomenon is called pre-parcel anxiety and it's more common than you would think. "We live in a society where we build expectations and 45 perfectionism.We want efficiency and 46 with patience,"O'Kane explains. A delayed package may seem 47 to some.But for others,feeling hopeful and then being let down is angering and anxiety-provoking. "We feel tricked,sometimes on a personal level.We all want fair transactions,and when we 48 and the other party drops the ball,anger is often the result,"O'Kane says,comparing it to"broken,ignored or forgotten"promises.49,O'Kane says these reactions are telling about more deep-rooted issues beyond a delayed package."Anxiety is 50 to uncertainty, and many struggle with not having control.So it's really 51 of something bigger,of the need to control everything and to be perfect." 37.A.winding B.switching C.refreshing D.registering 38.A.fascinate B.motivate C.innovate D.cultivate 89.A.accommodation B.companion C.transportation D.anticipation 40.A.faded B.surged C.remained D.expanded 高二英语 第5页共11页 41.A.advisable B.manageable C.knowledgeable D.considerable 42.A.voyage B.liberty C.resistance D.distraction 43.A.cultural B.real C.pale D.fictional 44.A.catching up with B.giving rise to C.putting up with D.living up to 45.A.embrace B.reject C.sacrifice D.spot 46.A.interact B.struggle C.identify D.charge 47.A.insignificant B.invaluable C.indifferent D.inevitable 48.A.live in harmony B.do our part C.pave the way D.cheer up 49.A.However B.Generally C.Instead D.Fortunately 50.A.attachment B.dominance C.intolerance D.discrimination 51.A.critical B.suspicious C.fond D.symbolic Section B Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) After a few hours the road began to be rough,and the walking grew so difficult that the Scarecrow often fell over the yellow bricks,which were here very uneven.Sometimes,indeed, they were broken or missing altogether,leaving holes that Dorothy walked around.As for the Scarecrow,having no brains,he walked straight ahead,and so stepped into the holes and fell at full length on the hard bricks.It never hurt him,however,and Dorothy would pick him up and set him upon his feet again,while he joined her in laughing merrily at his own disaster. The farms were not nearly so well cared for here as they were farther back.There were fewer houses and fewer fruit trees,and the farther they went,the more disappointing and lonesome the country became. At noon they sat down by the roadside,near a little brook,and Dorothy opened her basket and got out some bread.She offered a piece to the Scarecrow,but he refused. "I am never hungry,"he said,"and it is a lucky thing I am not,for my mouth is only painted, and if I should cut a hole in it so I could eat,the straw I am stuffed with would come out,and that would spoil the shape of my head." Dorothy saw at once that this was true,so she only nodded and went on eating her bread. "Tell me something about yourself and the country you came from,"said the Scarecrow, when Dorothy had finished her dinner.So she told him all about Kansas,and how gray everything was there,and how the tornado had carried her to this strange Land of Oz. The Scarecrow listened carefully,and said,"I cannot understand why you should wish to leave this beautiful country and go back to the dry,gray place you call Kansas." "That is because you have no brains"answered the girl."No matter how dull and gray our homes are,we people of flesh and blood would rather live there than in any other country,be it ever so beautiful.There is no place like home." 高二英语第6页共11页 52.The Scarecrow often fell while walking on the road because A.he was too tired and hungry to walk steadily B.he lacked the brains to avoid the holes C.the road was narrow and slippery D.he was distracted by talking too much with Dorothy 53.What does Dorothy mean when she says,"There is no place like home"? A.She believes Kansas is the most beautiful place. B.She values home for its emotional significance. C.She prefers the simplicity and stability of her old life. D.She misses her family and friends in Kansas. 54.Which of the following best describes the Scarecrow's personality? A.Cheerful and eager to learn. B.Innocent and self-doubting. C.Humble but not practical. D.Observant but emotionally distant. (B) A new book by British photographer Jimmy Nelson tells the story of traditional Dutch communities through striking portraits featuring national costume and dramatic landscapes including the following places. Marken,Noord-Holland Marken,a former island just 20 km north-east of Amsterdam,was once separated from the mainland by water and has been connected since 1957.This historical isolation and its coastal location have significantly influenced its culture and traditions.The peninsula has more than 30 different traditional costumes-all handmade-including five stages of mourning dress, from darkest black through to purple."The clothing of Marken is very subtle,"Nelson said. "For every festival and important life moment,they have a different style." Zeeland Zeeland has barely changed in the last 100 years.Everything which makes the province what it is today,has to do with water.The sea is part of residents'life and every day it is different.When the wind is from the southwest,the dunes()cast dust over the village and the sand lies in the streets and in their gardens-a bit like snow.Sometimes the salty air from the sea,it's on their windows and people can't see outside because there's a thick layer of salt on the glass. Friesland For this province of ice-skating fanatics,the colder the better.As the ice thickens, excitement mounts at the prospect of the legendary Elfstedentocht,a 200km ice skating race 高二英语第7页共11页 through 11 Frisian towns. Cold is the distinct feature of Friesland.There are numerous words for ice,explained Anke Bijlsma,whose northeast Friesland farm was photographed by Nelson."There's rough ice,dark ice-that's the most beautiful one-snow ice,bubble ice..." The region's extraordinary star-filled skies make it equally impressive at night."There's not a lot of light pollution and it's amazingly dark,"said Bijlsma,who regularly takes a moment to absorb the incredible views."When you see the horizon on the sea,every little or big problem in your head blows away.You can stare into nothing:only sea and sky." 55.What is unique about the traditional costumes in Marken? A.They are all made of silk and come in bright colors.t B.They are bold or attention-grabbing in their design. C.They are all made of wool and represent different seasons. D.They are carefully designed for different life events. 56.What is the main feature of Friesland,according to the passage? A.It is a hot and sunny region,perfect for outdoor activities. B.The cold and ice play a major role in its ice-skating culture. C.It is known for its incredible views of amazing light. D.People there always feel lost due to sea and sky. 5Which of the following is true about all three places mentioned in the passage? A.They all have unique traditional clothing styles tied to important life events. B.They are known for their warm and sunny climates year-round. C.They are all greatly influenced by their relationship with the sea. D.They each have a large population of ice-skating enthusiasts. (C) n21 December182,HMS Challenger setof rom Englandn the first global scientific survey ofthe sas.The fouea,30,00-kilometre voyage reveald thevast scale ad its living inhabitants. Now,150 years ater,the Challenger expedition mains a milestne iray( Sisiltoucollction to sudy whWhile has changed s the Challenger erfrom piano wire tosoud beams for sbmping mllrsand theyugentlyebe bhnd. Backhnn was drivn jusbyiostbutals byisdfind and sto This mindset ofxprion going hand in hand with explotio persists today. 高二英语第8页共1页 戌子侦厘调州 We know far more now than we did 150 years ago about the critical role the ocean plays as a support system for all life on Earth.It regulates the climate,generates oxygen,absorbs carbon and contains masses of biodiversity.Meanwhile,industries are seeking to extract more than ever from the ocean,from seabed minerals to the fish that inhabit deep waters.Working closely with scientists not only shows industrialists what is there to exploit,and where,but it can also help justify their activities. With the ocean facing so many threats,this is a critical time for marine science to move beyond the old narrative of exploitation.In its place,we need a new model for seeking to better understand the ocean,to properly protect it and to find fair,right and truly sustainable ways to use the vast blue parts of our planet.Unlike the exploitative mindset of the past,this new model prioritizes understanding and protection over resource extraction. This global scientific cooperative isn't a single expedition,but combines the efforts of scientists worldwide on numerous research trips over the current decade.A major aim is to go to places scientists haven't been before,and to use that knowledge to better appreciate how all of society benefits from the ocean.Earth has one ocean,and we all depend on it-not just those who will gain the most commercially. 58.Why is the Challenger expedition mentioned in the passage? A.To compare with deep-sea exploration tools. B.To point out its imperialistic goals. C.To highlight its lasting impact on marine science. D.To criticize its outdated exploration methods. 59.According to the passage,what is a major concern in today's ocean development? A.The persistence of exploitative mindsets. B.The decline in global scientific cooperation. C.The lack of advanced technology for seabed mapping. D.The overemphasis on protecting biodiversity. 60.What does the underlined phrase"an imperialistic desire"(in paragraph 3)most likely refer to? A.A scientific curiosity about unknown marine life B.A political strategy to claim oceanic territories. C.A cultural preference for European-led research D.A drive to discover and control resources for power. 61.What can be inferred from paragraphs 5 and 6 of the passage? A.There is a continued reliance on traditional approaches to ocean exploration. B.Ocean research in the future should prioritize conservation and sustainable use. C.Scientists are increasingly supporting the industrial exploitation of ocean resources. D.Resource extraction is justified if it leads to advancements in scientific knowledge. 高二英语第9页共11页 个 Section C Directions:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A.In contrast,cultivated meat production facilities will provide safe,clean,and controlled environments. B.Factory farms necessitate the disposal of animal waste,drugs,and chemicals. C.Animal agriculture causes animal suffering,pollutes the environment,and threatens human welfare. D. While cultivated meat avoids slaughter,some worry about its sensory qualities. E.We have seen dramatic growth in the demand for plant-based meats and milks in recent years. Some worry that scaling up production may require significant energy,reducing its environmental edge. Innovations in Food Production:Cultivated Meat Innovators in the United States and around the world will soon bring to market new and transformative products that have the ability to reshape animal agriculture as we know it. Consumers will be able to purchase meat and other animal-derived foods without supporting cruel, unclean,and unsafe factory farms and slaughterhouses.Cultivated meat-also referred to as slaughter-free meat or cell-based meat,is just that-animal meat produced from animals'cells, without having to raise and kill living,feeling beings. 62 We do not need to rely on this flawed industrial system.Cultivated meat production will remove the need to crowd thousands of animals into cages and crowded barns, and of course would not require billions of animals to be slaughtered each year.The cell culturing process-similar to those used in making beer and cheese-can replace factory farms and eliminate the need to slaughter animals. Not only will cultivated meat production cut out the cruelty and suffering inherent in industrial factory farming,it promises to dramatically reduce environmental impacts. 63 They place these dangerous substances in massive "lagoons"that dot the American landscape.These waste lagoons threaten the public health and often spill over to pollute miles of waterways and kill countless wild animals.These lagoons are entirely absent from cultivated meat production.Absent too would be the bad smells and other harmful air pollutants local communities have to endure thanks to factory farms.And factory farms have to use huge amounts of antibiotics and other drugs to prevent and control disease because they crowd stressed, suffering animals by the thousands into dirty warehouses.164 Every year more and more consumers are rejecting cruel and unsustainable factory-farmed products and demanding something better.65 And that trend is only gaining momentum.For example,data collected by the Plant Based Foods Association (PBFA)found a 24%year to year growth in demand for plant-based meats in 2018!As interest in healthier and more sustainable options to slaughtered meat increases,cultivated meat can step in to help meet this booming demand. 高二英语第10页共11页