专题07 Unit 4 The Earth Section 1-2-【小升初】2025年新七年级英语暑期英衔接讲义（沪教版2024）

专题07 Unit 4 The Earth Section 1-2 单词学习 1 system /ˈsɪstəm/ n. 系统 2 file /faɪl/ n. 档案 3 amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ adj. 令人大为惊奇的 4 planet /ˈplænət/ n. 行星 5 billion /ˈbɪljən/ num. 十亿 6 cover /ˈkʌvər/ v. 盖；覆盖 7 area /ˈeərɪə/, n. 地区；地域 8 freezing /ˈfri:zɪŋ/ adj. 极冷的 9 north /nɔrθ/ n. 北；北方 10 pole /pəʊl/ n. （行星的）极，地级 11 desert /ˈdezət/ n. 沙漠；荒漠 12 meter /ˈmi:tər/ n. 米 13 reach /ri:ʧ/ v. 足够达到 14 grain /ɡreɪn/ n. 谷粒 15 wide /waɪd/ adj. 宽的；宽阔的 16 whale /weɪl/ n. 鲸 17 butterfly /ˈbʌtərˌflaɪ/ n. 蝴蝶 18 provide /prəˈvaɪd/ v. 提供；供应 19 explore /ɪkˈsplɔr/, v. 探索 20 disappear /ˌdɪsəˈpɪr/ v. 消失；不见 21 plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ n. 塑料 22 pollution /pəˈluʃən/ n. 污染 23 protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护 solar system 太阳系 fact file 事实档案 be covered by 被覆盖 as far as we know 据我们所知 sea level 海平面 what’s more 更重要的是 provide …with 提供；供应；给予 plastic pollution 塑料污染 课文解析 神奇的星球 地球是一个神奇的星球! 有些地方非常热，比如赤道附近地区。有些地方非常寒冷，比如北极和南极。这里有田野和山脉，河流和海洋，森林和沙漠。地球上最高的山海拔超过8800米。海洋的最深处有一万多米深。 地球上的植物在许多不同方面都很奇妙。世界上最高的树可以达到100米以上的高度。最小的植物就像一粒米一样小。 地球是无数动物的家园。有些动物，比如老虎和狮子，生活在陆地上。其他动物，如鸟类，享受着广阔的天空。巨大的蓝鲸以及许多神奇的鱼以大海为家。从熊到鸟，从蝴蝶到海马，各种动物使我们的星球可爱而有趣。更重要的是，地球为我们提供了我们需要的一切，比如食物、水、空气和能源。这是我们的家园，也是我们所知道的唯一一个支持生命存在的星球。让我们一起探索、了解和照顾我们的家园。 知识解析 1.Some are freezing cold, like the North and South Poles. 有些地方非常寒冷，比如南北两极。 (1) 东南西北的表达： 名词 形容词 east in the east of … eastern south in the south of … southern west in the west of… western north in the north of… northern south-east in the south-east of… north west in the north west of… south-west in the south-west of… north-east in the north-east of… (2) 辨析：in the + 方位名词 + of ...， 指在某一范围内的地区； to the + 方位名词 + of ...， 指互不接壤的两个地区； on the + 方位名词 + of ...， 指接壤的两个地区。如： in 表示在地点内部 on 表示两地接壤 to 表示两地相隔 用适当介词填空 1. Hong Kong is________ the south of China. 2. Japan is _________the east of China. 3. Canada is________ the north of the US. 4. Shanghai is a big city ______________ the east coast of China. A. by B. on C. in D. at 5. Taiwan is ______________ south of China and _____________ southeast of Fujian. A. in ; in B. on ; in C. to ; on D. in ; to 2.The highest mountain on Earth is over 8,800 metres above sea level. And the deepest part of the sea is more than 10,000 metres down. 地球上最高的山峰海拔超过 8800 米，而海的最深处超过 1 万米。 (1) over  prep. 多于 Now I have over 100 different postcards.  现在我有100多张不同的明信片。 over在这里做介词，意思相当于more than。 【拓展】over可以表示 1,“在……上方”、“在……上面”，例如The sun shines over the earth.太阳照耀着地球。 2,它也可以表示“超过”、“在……上”，例如He has lived in Beijing over two years.他在北京住了两年多。 3. over还可以表示“通过”、“越过”、“溢出”，例如I heard the news over the radio.”我从收音机里听到了这个消息。 1. He has over one thousand books. A. about B. fewer C. more than D. a bit of 2. It's 5 p.m. The last class is ___________. A. end B. finish C. over 3. Qinhuai River, a beautiful river, runs________Nanjing. And there are many bridges________the river. A. across; through B. through;over C. through;through D. across;over 3.The tallest trees in the world can reach over 100 metres in height. The smallest plant is as small as a grain of rice. 世界上最高的树可以高达 100 多米。最小的植物只有一粒米那么小。 (1) height n. 高度 表示某物的高度，其形容词形式是high 【考点】辨析：high, highly与height high 形容词或副词 作形容词讲时，意为“高的”，修饰名词；作副词讲时，意为“在高处”，修饰动词 highly 副词 意为“高级地”，修饰动词或形容词。 height 名词 意为“高度”，常与介词in连用。 The mountain is very high.那座山很高。 Don't climb too high. 别爬得太高。 Mary is a highly educated woman.玛丽是一位受过高等教育的女士。 【重点】height常用的结构 (1)at a height of在……的高度；在……的鼎盛时期 (2) in height 在高度上 (3) What‘s the height of...？＝What's...height？……的高度是多少？ 拓展： length n.长度 width n.宽度 depth n.深度 1.这座山有多高？ _________ ___________ _____________of the mountain. _________ ___________ ___________ the mountain 2.它有两米高。 It is 2 metres __________. It is 2 metres __________ __________. 3. —What's the ________ of the mountain?—It's about nine hundred metres. A. temperature B. height C. direction D. price (2) as…as… 意为“和……一样……”，表示同级比较。常用基本结构为： as + adj. / adv. + as, 其否定结构为： not as / so + adj. / adv. + as 1.Wang Wei speaks English as _____ as Yang Lan．They both study English hard． A. good B. well C. better D. best 2.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。This film is ______ _______ ______ that one. 3.这本字典没有那本字典厚This dictionary isn’t _____ ______ _______ that one. 4.用单词的正确形式填空 (1)Grace was as_______________( care) as Tom. They made few mistakes in the exam. (2)Grace wrote as _______________( care) as Tom . They made few mistakes in the exam. (3)Grace wrote as _______________( care) as Tom . They made a few mistakes in the exam. (4)English is not so interesting as maths. = English is ___________ interesting __________ maths. 4.The Earth is home to millions of animals. 地球是数百万动物的家园。 (1) be home to 这个短语在英语中表示“对某物而言是故乡、家园、栖息地或产地”。它是一个形容词短语，home前面不需要冠词。例如，Vienna is home to Mozart 表示维也纳是莫扎特的故乡. New York is home to the global finance industry.纽约是世界金融业的中心。 The Earth is home to both animals and humans地球是动物和人类的家园 1.地球是动物和人类的家园The Earth _____________both animals and humans (2) hundreds of 数百的，数以百计的 Those mountains are hundreds of metres high.那些山有数百米高。 【重点】hundreds of 后接复数名词形式。 They plant hundreds of trees every year. 他们每年种几百棵树。 【难点】当hundred前有具体的数词修饰，即表示确切的数目时，hundred只能用单数形式，且不与of连用。另外，hundred前也可用some, several, many等表示不确定的数目的词修饰。 Two hundred students attended the contest. 两百名学生参加了此次比赛。 【拓展】与hundred用法类似的还有thousand, million等。 thousands of数千的　three thousand 三千 1.—________ is the population of China, Jack?—Let me think for a moment, it is about ________. A. How many；1，400 million B. What；1，400 million C .What；140 million D. How many；140 million 2. It is reported that there are over ______ koalas dying in the disastrous wild fire broke out recently in Australia. A. thousands of B. 8 thousands C. 8 thousands of D. 8 thousand 5.Some, like tigers and lions, live on land. Other animals, like birds, enjoy the wide-open sky. 有些动物，如老虎和狮子，生活在陆地上，其他动物，如鸟类，则喜欢广阔的天空。 (1) land 的用法 land作动词，意为“降落(或跳落、跌落)到地面(或水面上)。” land还可作名词，意为“陆地;大地”。 by land意为“经陆路”, on land 意为”在陆地上” 1.请判断land的词性 We live on the land. The plane landed in Shanghai. 2.我从楼梯上摔了下去，重重地摔在下面。I fell and __________heavily at the bottom of the stairs. 3.一只鸟落在了他的头上。A bird _________on his head. (2) other 意为”其他的”，other + 名词复数 辨析：other, the other, others, the others other + 名词复数 others 后不加名词 ----- 没the没范围 the other + 名词复数 the others 后不加名词 ----- 有the有范围 1. Some people like to rest in their free time. ______ like to travel. A. Other B. The others C. Others D. Another 2. Where are ______ boys? A. the other B. the others C. others D. another 3. There were three books on my table. One is here. Where are ___? A. others B. the others C. the other D. another 4. This is not the only answer to the question. There are _____. A. the others B. others C. another D. the other 5. I don’ t like those shoes. Please show me ______. A. another B. other C. the other D. some others 6.From bears to birds, from butterflies to seahorses, animals make our planet lovely and interesting. 从熊到鸟，从蝴蝶到海马，动物让我们的星球变得可爱而有趣。 make 意为“制作；使得……”的， make 常考得固定搭配： make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 make sth. + adj. 使某事怎么样 你让我很伤心。 You _________ _________ _________. Simon抱怨说他的老板让他一天工作10小时。Simon complained that his boss _________ _________ _________ 10 hours a day. 7.And what's more, the Earth provides us with all the things we need, such as food, water, air and energy. 此外，地球还提供我们所需的一切，如食物、水、空气和能源。 (1) provide sth for sb.意为“为某人准备某物” The supermarket provides all kinds of fruits for us.超市为我们提供了各种各样的水果。 (2) provide sb. with sth 意思和(1)相同, 宾语换了一下 The supermarket provides us with all kinds of fruits.超市为我们提供了各种各样的水果。 1. 他为他的家人提供食物和衣服。 He provided food and clothes for his family.＝ He _________his family ________food and clothes. 2．They didn’t provide me food, so I had to find something to eat. A．for B．to C．about D．with 3. The newly-opened company ________ the local people with more chances to work. A. gives B. provides C. offers D. shows 4. —In the past five years, China has played an important role in the Belt and Road. —It has _____ many nations a great chance to communicate. A. offered B. supported C. included D. provided 5. When I’m in trouble, my sister always _________________. A. offers helping me B. offers to help me C. asks me to help D. asks me at help 8.Let's explore, learn about and take care of our home. 让我们一起探索、了解和爱护我们的家园。 explore 作为动词，主要表示“探索”、“研究”或“考察”某物，尤其是未知的、新的或复杂的领域。 搭配用法‌explore sth.‌：直接接名词，表示探索某物。 ‌explore (sth.) for sth.‌：表示为了寻找某物而探索某物。 ‌例句‌We explored the jungle for days, but found no sign of the lost city.‌ 我们在丛林中探索了数天，但没有找到失落城市的任何迹象。 1. The country is going to set up a manned space station to _______more space. A. explore B. reach        C. provide D. protect Listening 听力文本 Miss Liu:OK, now we are going to do a little quiz about the sea. Let's start with the first question. Why are sea levels on our planet rising? Wu Di:I know! The sea is getting warmer because of global warming. A lot of the ice in the North and South Poles is disappearing. That makes the sea levels rise. Miss Liu:That's right, Wu Di. Now question number two. Many kinds of fish are dying out. Why is this? Li Na:Is it because people catch too many fish? Miss Liu:That's correct. There is another reason too. Can anyone guess? Su Mei:Is it the plastic pollution? I read that a huge amount of plastic rubbish ends up in the sea each year. Fish and other sea animals eat it and get ill.Sea animals also get caught in the plastic and die. Miss Liu:You're right, Su Mei. We need to do something about this. Now, the next question ... (fade out) 刘老师:好的，现在我们要做一个关于海洋的小测验。让我们从第一个问题开始。为什么地球上的海平面在上升? 吴迪:我知道!由于全球变暖，海洋正在变暖。北极和南极的许多冰正在消失。这使得海平面上升。 刘老师:没错，吴迪。现在是第二个问题。许多种鱼正在灭绝。为什么会这样? 李娜:是因为人们抓了太多的鱼吗? 刘老师:没错。还有另外一个原因。有人能猜到吗? 苏梅:是塑料污染吗?我读到每年都有大量的塑料垃圾流入大海。鱼和其他海洋动物吃了它就生病了。海洋动物也会被塑料困住而死亡。 刘老师:你说得对，苏梅。我们得做点什么。现在，下一个问题……(淡出) 语法解析 there be句型的结构和用法规则 基本结构 There + is / are (名词+地点状语） 肯定句 There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+地点状语 There is a book / some paper on the table. There are +复数可数名词+地点状语 There are three apples in the basket. 否定句 在be动词后加上not,缩略形式是isn't, aren't There isn't a book on the table. There aren't any apples in the basket. 一般疑问句 将be动词提到there前 Is there a book on the table? Are there any apples in the basket? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词（如 what, how many/much, who 等）+is /are there +其他成分 What’s there on the table? How many people are there in the room? 就近原则 当there be后有两个或更多的名词时，be动词的形式应与 最靠近它的名词在数上保持一致 There is a pen and two books on the table, （pen 是离 be 动词 最近的单数名词） There are two books and a pen on the table, （books 是离 be 动词最近的复数名词） There be 与have的区别 there be和have的含义和用法不同，there be句型表达的是“在某个地方存在某人、某物等”， have/has则表示“某人拥有某物”。当主语为第三人称单数时，使用has；其他人称作主语，则使用have。 There are all kinds of books on my bookstore. 我的书柜上有各种各样的书。 I have all kinds of books. 我有各种各样的书。 【典例分析】 一、 翻译短句。 1 椅子下面有一只猫。_____________________________________________ 2 教室里没有20个学生。____________________________________________ 3 袋子里有一些面包。____________________________________________ 4 书桌上有两本书吗？___________________________________________ 5 你们学校有多少个班？____________________________________________ 随堂训练 一.根据句意及首字母提示填词 1.If they build the factory nearby, it may ____________ the water here. 2.What should we do to ____________ the Earth? 3.This is a ____________ bag and we'd better not use it. 4.The big and beautiful lake in Beihai Park takes up(占据)over half of the park _________. 5.Helen had a dream of walking to the North _________ alone when she was forty. 二.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 6.The small town ___________ (cover) an area of about 30 square kilometers(平方千米). 7.The ______________ (pollute) of the sea kills millions of sea animals every year. 8.It is an ____________ (amaze) film and we all like it. 9.The Earth is a beautiful place. There are forests and rivers, mountains and ___________(field). 10.Colorful ________________ (butterfly) danced in the garden, flitting (轻快地从一处到另一处) from flower to flower. 三.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词 11.每年都有数百万游客参观这个著名的景点。 Every year, _____________ _______ tourists visit this famous scenic spot. 12.父母应该为孩子提供一个安全且充满爱的环境。 Parents should ____________ their children _________ a safe and loving environment. 13.他把他的宠物猫当作家人一样照顾。 He __________ _________ _______ his pet cat like it's his family member. 14.据我们所知,中国是世界上最早发现茶和饮用茶的国家。 _______ ________ _______ _______ _________, China is the earliest country to discover and drink tea. 15.这本书非常有趣,而且它里面充满了有用的知识。 This book is very interesting. ___________ _________, it is full of useful knowledge. 四.语篇填空 阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯。 　　Hello everyone. Welcome to my blog. My name is Harry, and I come from Germany. Last week, I read 1._______ article about 2._______________ (protect) the Earth. I would like to share something with you. The Earth is a wonderful place. There're forests and rivers, mountains and fields. Besides (除了) the natural beauty, there are also different 3.____________ (season) and weather. Spring is warm, and it often 4.__________ (rain) heavily in summer. In autumn, leaves are colorful. In winter, it is often cold and 5._____________ (snow), so it's very exciting 6.____________ (make) snowmen. The Earth is our home, and it provides us 7._______ air, water and food. But today there 8._______ (be) a lot of 9.______________ (pollute). We burn things to make energy, and this pollutes the air. We throw away so much rubbish that we pollute the land. We must stop 10.__________ (do) these things to protect the Earth for our future. 　　I want to make friends with junior high school students from all over the world. If you have something good to share with me, email me, please. 综合训练 一．单项选择 1.In the forest fire, many animals went into the river to keep 　　　.  A.alive　　　 B.live　　　 C.lively　　　 D.to live 2.We must do something 　　　our classroom 　　　. A.keep;clean B.keep;cleaning C.to keep;cleaning D.to keep;clean 3.The engineers will keep　　　 the project with the manager of the company.  A.discuss　　　 B.discussed C.discussing　　　 D.to discuss 4.Mum, could you help me 　　　my toy car? I can't 　　　it anywhere!  A.look for;find B.find;look for C.look;find out D.look;find 5.　　 　 there any living things on other planets? I have no idea.  A.Is　　　 B.Are C.Has　　　 D.Have 6.We must study English well because it's very 　　　.  A.difficult　　　 B.important C.beautiful　　　 D.large 7.You 　　　drive without a license!  A.can　　　 B.must C.mustn't　　　 D.may 8.When the bell rings, everyone should stop 　　　and start reading books.  A.to talk　　　 B.talking C.to talking　　　 D.talk 9.It's dangerous for children 　　in the street.  A.play　　　 B.to play C.playing　　　 D.to playing 10.—Why are you taking a basket with you for shopping? —The store doesn't 　　　shopping bags for shoppers to protect the environment.  A.lend　　　 B.count　　　 C.provide　　　 D.collect 二．语法选择 Dear Museum Scientists, My name is Yang Jingjing. 　1　 live by the sea, near a mangrove swamp (红树林沼泽地).  My mom is 　2　 tour guide. She knows a lot about the mangrove swamp. She loves 　3　 people the beautiful animals that live there. I am writing to you 　4　 I'm worried about what is happening near my home. The mangroves are home to many 　5　 such as birds, butterflies and snakes. Down in the water under the trees are homes of fish and shrimp. The mangroves also protect us 　6　 wind, waves and floods (浪潮与水灾).  However, in the past few years, things 　7　 greatly. These changes bring lots of worries to more and more people. New neighborhoods (社区) 　8　 last year and the year before. It turned the place with mangroves into stores, houses, cinemas, restaurants and car parks. What is even 　9　, all these things are still going on! What will happen to the animals that live in the mangroves? I don't know 　10　. How I wish we can find a way to live together with the mangroves and animals!  Sincerely yours, Yang Jingjing 1.A.My　　　 B.Mine　　　 C.I　　　 D.Me 2.A.a　　　 B.an　　　 C.the　　　 D./ 3.A.show　　　 B.to show C.give　　 D.to give 4.A.although　 B.before C.because　 D.unless 5.A.plant　　　 B.plants C.animal D.animals 6.A.from　　　 B.with　　　 C.about　　 D.for 7.A.has changed　　　 B.have changed C.is changing　　　 D.are changing 8.A.build　　　 B.are built C.built　　　 D.were built 9.A.bad　　　 B.worse C.good　　 D.better 10.A.what we can do　　　 B.what can we do C.how we can do　　　 D.how can we do 三．完形填空（10分） 　　Jimmy is an American boy. He’s thirteen. He lives in China 　1　 his family. There are　2　people in his family. His father is David Clinton. His mother is Catherine. He has got a little sister and her name is Abbey. He also has a yellow dog. Its name is Larry.   Look! They are doing different things. Abbey is 　3　 with Larry. They are playing with a ball happily. Jimmy’s father　4　washing his car. His mother is cleaning the house. 　5　 is Jimmy doing? Ah, he is doing 　6　 homework.   Jimmy can’t 　7　 Chinese well, but he loves Chinese very much. He is studying hard. He wants to 　8　 Chinese well.   Jimmy’s parents have got 　9　 in China. His father works in a middle school as a 　10　. Of course he teaches English. His mother works at a TV station. 1. A.in　　　 B.on　　　 C.with　　　 D.for 2. A.three　　　 B.four　　　 C.five　　　 D.six 3. A.playing　 B.taking　　 C.driving　　　 D.sleeping` 4. A.am　　　 B.is　　　 C.are　　　 D.be 5. A.Where　　 B.What　　 C.Why　　　 D.When 6. A.her　　　 B.its　　　 C.his　　　 D.your 7. A.say　　　 B.tell　　　 C.speak　　　 D.talk 8. A.learn　　　 B.teach　　 C.hear　　　 D.play 9. A.hobbies　 B.jobs　　　 C.ways　　　 D.habits 10. A.student　　 B.teacher　　 C.manager　　　 D.doctor 四．阅读理解 The Earth is about 4,600 million years old. People live on the Earth for only 35,000 years. But we change the Earth in many ways. Many things we do are good, but some are not good for the Earth. Water pollution A lot of people, birds and fish die each day because of water pollution. Factories pollute the water. As a result, the water in many rivers and lakes is very dirty now. Air pollution In big cities, factories, cars and buses are the main causes (原因) of air pollution. Many people in cities now have health problems. For example, Mexico used to be a beautiful city and was a good place for people to live, but today there is lots of PM2.5 in the air. And many people get ill because of the polluted air. Soil (土壤) pollution In order to have a better harvest (收获), some farmers use chemicals (化学物质) in their fields. That’s bad for the soil. Hope for the future These problems are very bad for our future, so all of us should do something to protect the environment. If we can stop pollution, the Earth will become more and more beautiful. 1.How old is the Earth? A．About 3,500 million years old. B．About 3,700 million years old. C．About 4,600 million years old. D．About 4,800 million years old. 2.What makes the Earth change a lot? A．Plants. B．Cloud. C．Animals. D．People. 3.How many kinds of pollution are talked about in this passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 4.Which of the following is NOT true? A．The water in many rivers is very clean now. B．Mexico was a good place to live in the past. C．Factories, cars and buses can cause air pollution. D．Now more and more farmers use chemicals in the fields. 5.What is the purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To ask us to learn about the Earth. B．To ask us to thank the Earth. C．To ask us to enjoy the Earth. D．To ask us to protect the Earth. 知识清单 Section 1　Experiencing and understanding language 1. 　　　　　　 n. 系统　　　　　 2. 　　　　　　 n. 档案 3. 　　　　　　 adj. 令人大为惊奇的 4. 　　　　　　 n. 行星 5. 　　　　　　 num. 十亿 6. 　　　　　　 v. 盖；覆盖 7. 　　　　　　 n. 地区；地域　 8. 　　　　　　 adj. 极冷的 9. 　　　　　　 n. 北；北方　 10. 　　　　　　 n. （行星的）极；地极 11. 　　　　　　 n. 沙漠；荒漠 12. 　　　　　　 n. 米 13. 　　　　　　 v. 足够达到　 14. 　　　　　　 n. 谷粒 15. 　　　　　　 adj. 宽的；宽阔的　 16. 　　　　　　 n. 鲸 17. 　　　　　　 n. 蝴蝶 18. 　　　　　　 v. 提供；供应 19. 　　　　　　 v. 探索　 20. 　　　　　　 v. 消失；不见 21. 　　　　　　 n. 塑料 22. 　　　　　　 n. 污染 23. 　　　　　　 v. 保护 1. amazing—　　　　　　（动词）—　　　　　　（形容词，修饰人）　 2. north—　　　　　　（形容词） 3. wide—　　　　　　（副词）　 4. disappear—　　　　　　（反义词） 5. pollution—　　　　　　（动词） 6. protect—　　　　　　（名词） 7. high—　　　　　　（名词） 8. freezing—　　　　　　（动词） 9. butterfly—　　　　　　（复数） 10. love—　　　　　　（形容词） 11. friend—　　　　　　（形容词） 1. 　　　　　　　　 太阳系　 2. 　　　　　　　　 事实档案 3. 　　　　　　　　 被……覆盖 4. 　　　　　　　　 据我们所知 5. 　　　　　　　　 海平面 6. 　　　　　　　　 更重要的是 7. 　　　　　　　　 提供；供应；给予 8. 　　　　　　　　 塑料污染 9. 　　　　　　　　 照顾 10. 　　　　　　　　 以许多不同的方式 11. 　　　　　　　　 除了……以外（还） 12. 　　　　　　　　 ……的家园 13. 　　　　　　　　 有……高 14. 　　　　　　　　 数以百计 15. 　　　　　　　　 数以百万计 16. 　　　　　　　　 数以十亿计 17. 　　　　　　　　 两者都 18. 　　　　　　　　 充满…… 19. 　　　　　　　　 对……很重要 20. 　　　　　　　　 大量的 21. 　　　　　　　　 砍倒 22. 　　　　　　　　 由于 23. 　　　　　　　　 灭绝 1. 它绕着太阳转。It 　　　　　　　　 the Sun. 2. 地球的大约70%被海洋覆盖。About 70% of the Earth 　　　　　　　　 the sea. 3. 地球上的植物在许多不同的方面都是奇妙的。 The plants on Earth are wonderful 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 4. 而且更重要的是，地球为我们提供了我们所需的一切，如食物、水、空气和能源。 And what's more, the Earth 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， such as food，water，air and energy. 5. 让我们探索、了解并照顾我们的家园吧。 Let's explore, 　　　　　　　　 and 　　　　　　　　 our home. 6. 由于全球变暖，海洋正在变暖。The sea is 　　　　　　　　　　　　 global warming. 7. 我了解到每年有大量的塑料垃圾最终流入海洋。 I read that 　　　　　　　　 plastic rubbish 　　　　　　　　 in the sea each year. Section 2　Exploring and applying rules 1. 　　　　　　 v. 组织　　　　 2. 　　　　　　 n. 建议　　　　 3. 　　　　　　 n. 瓶子 4. 　　　　　　 n. 文章　　　　 5. 　　　　　　 v. 丢弃；留下；离开 1. suggest—　　　　　　（名词）—　　　　（同义词）　 2. organize—　　　　　　（名词） 3. leave—　　　　（过去式）　 1. 　　　　　　　　 在海滩上　 2. 　　　　　　　　 在……结束时 3. 　　　　　　　　 当然 4. 　　　　　　　　 把……捡起来 5. 　　　　　　　　 谈论 6. 　　　　　　　　　　 尽某人的最大努力去做某事 1. 我们能做什么来帮助保护大海？ 　　　　　　　　 we 　　　　　　　　 the sea? 2. 那是一个好主意！ 　　　　　　　　　　　　！ 3. 我们应该尽全力保护它。　We should 　　　　　　　　　　　　 it. 4. 我希望你能加入我们。I hope 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题07 Unit 4 The Earth Section 1-2 单词学习 1 system /ˈsɪstəm/ n. 系统 2 file /faɪl/ n. 档案 3 amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ adj. 令人大为惊奇的 4 planet /ˈplænət/ n. 行星 5 billion /ˈbɪljən/ num. 十亿 6 cover /ˈkʌvər/ v. 盖；覆盖 7 area /ˈeərɪə/, n. 地区；地域 8 freezing /ˈfri:zɪŋ/ adj. 极冷的 9 north /nɔrθ/ n. 北；北方 10 pole /pəʊl/ n. （行星的）极，地级 11 desert /ˈdezət/ n. 沙漠；荒漠 12 meter /ˈmi:tər/ n. 米 13 reach /ri:ʧ/ v. 足够达到 14 grain /ɡreɪn/ n. 谷粒 15 wide /waɪd/ adj. 宽的；宽阔的 16 whale /weɪl/ n. 鲸 17 butterfly /ˈbʌtərˌflaɪ/ n. 蝴蝶 18 provide /prəˈvaɪd/ v. 提供；供应 19 explore /ɪkˈsplɔr/, v. 探索 20 disappear /ˌdɪsəˈpɪr/ v. 消失；不见 21 plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ n. 塑料 22 pollution /pəˈluʃən/ n. 污染 23 protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护 solar system 太阳系 fact file 事实档案 be covered by 被覆盖 as far as we know 据我们所知 sea level 海平面 what’s more 更重要的是 provide …with 提供；供应；给予 plastic pollution 塑料污染 课文解析 神奇的星球 地球是一个神奇的星球! 有些地方非常热，比如赤道附近地区。有些地方非常寒冷，比如北极和南极。这里有田野和山脉，河流和海洋，森林和沙漠。地球上最高的山海拔超过8800米。海洋的最深处有一万多米深。 地球上的植物在许多不同方面都很奇妙。世界上最高的树可以达到100米以上的高度。最小的植物就像一粒米一样小。 地球是无数动物的家园。有些动物，比如老虎和狮子，生活在陆地上。其他动物，如鸟类，享受着广阔的天空。巨大的蓝鲸以及许多神奇的鱼以大海为家。从熊到鸟，从蝴蝶到海马，各种动物使我们的星球可爱而有趣。更重要的是，地球为我们提供了我们需要的一切，比如食物、水、空气和能源。这是我们的家园，也是我们所知道的唯一一个支持生命存在的星球。让我们一起探索、了解和照顾我们的家园。 知识解析 1.Some are freezing cold, like the North and South Poles. 有些地方非常寒冷，比如南北两极。 (1) 东南西北的表达： 名词 形容词 east in the east of … eastern south in the south of … southern west in the west of… western north in the north of… northern south-east in the south-east of… north west in the north west of… south-west in the south-west of… north-east in the north-east of… (2) 辨析： in the + 方位名词 + of ...， 指在某一范围内的地区； to the + 方位名词 + of ...， 指互不接壤的两个地区； on the + 方位名词 + of ...， 指接壤的两个地区。如： in 表示在地点内部 on 表示两地接壤 to 表示两地相隔 用适当介词填空 1. Hong Kong is________ the south of China. 2. Japan is _________the east of China. 3. Canada is________ the north of the US. 【答案】： 1，in 香港属于中国管辖的一部分。故用“in”。 2. to 日本不属于中国且隔海不接壤。故用“to” 3.on 加拿大与美国接壤的两个国家。故用“on” 4. Shanghai is a big city ______________ the east coast of China. A. by B. on C. in D. at 【答案】：C 【解析】句意：上海是坐落在中国东海岸的一座大城市。考查介词表示地点方位辨析。根据上海是属于中国范围之内，存在包含关系，因此表示地点方位时用介词in。故选C。 5. Taiwan is ______________ south of China and _____________ southeast of Fujian. A. in ; in B. on ; in C. to ; on D. in ; to 【答案】：D 【解析】句意：台湾坐落在中国的南方而且位于福建的东南。考查介词表示地点方位的辨析。根据台湾属于中国范围之内，存在包含关系，因此用in；而台湾与福建不存在包含关系，因此用to。故选D。 2.The highest mountain on Earth is over 8,800 metres above sea level. And the deepest part of the sea is more than 10,000 metres down. 地球上最高的山峰海拔超过 8800 米，而海的最深处超过 1 万米。 (1) over  prep. 多于 Now I have over 100 different postcards.  现在我有100多张不同的明信片。 over在这里做介词，意思相当于more than。 【拓展】 over可以表示 1,“在……上方”、“在……上面”，例如The sun shines over the earth.太阳照耀着地球。 2,它也可以表示“超过”、“在……上”，例如He has lived in Beijing over two years.他在北京住了两年多。 3. over还可以表示“通过”、“越过”、“溢出”，例如I heard the news over the radio.”我从收音机里听到了这个消息。 1. He has over one thousand books. A. about B. fewer C. more than D. a bit of 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：他有一千多本书。 考查同义词。about关于；fewer更少的；more than多于；a bit of一点。句中over表示“多于”，与more than同义。故选C。 2. It's 5 p.m. The last class is ___________. A. end B. finish C. over 【答案】C 3. Qinhuai River, a beautiful river, runs________Nanjing. And there are many bridges________the river. A. across; through B. through;over C. through;through D. across;over 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：秦淮河，这条美丽的河流穿过南京。河上有许多桥。 考查方位介词。across穿过（平面）；through穿过（立体空间）；over垂直上方。第一空表“河流穿过城市”，城市是立体空间，应该用through；第二空表示“桥在河流上方”，应该用over，故选B。 3.The tallest trees in the world can reach over 100 metres in height. The smallest plant is as small as a grain of rice. 世界上最高的树可以高达 100 多米。最小的植物只有一粒米那么小。 (1) height n. 高度 表示某物的高度，其形容词形式是high 【考点】辨析：high, highly与height high 形容词或副词 作形容词讲时，意为“高的”，修饰名词；作副词讲时，意为“在高处”，修饰动词 highly 副词 意为“高级地”，修饰动词或形容词。 height 名词 意为“高度”，常与介词in连用。 The mountain is very high.那座山很高。 Don't climb too high. 别爬得太高。 Mary is a highly educated woman.玛丽是一位受过高等教育的女士。 【重点】height常用的结构 (1)at a height of在……的高度；在……的鼎盛时期 (2) in height 在高度上 (3) What‘s the height of...？＝What's...height？……的高度是多少？ 拓展： length n.长度 width n.宽度 depth n.深度 1.这座山有多高？ _________ ___________ _____________of the mountain _________ ___________ ___________ the mountain 【答案】What’s the height How is high 2.它有两米高。 It is 2 metres __________. It is 2 metres __________ __________. 【答案】high in height 3. —What's the ________ of the mountain? —It's about nine hundred metres. A. temperature B. height C. direction D. price 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——这座山的高度是多少？——大约900米。A. temperature温度，气温；B. height高度；C. direction方向；D. price价格。根据下文It's about nine hundred metres.回答可知上文是提问山的高度。根据题意，故选B。 (2) as…as… 意为“和……一样……”，表示同级比较。常用基本结构为： as + adj. / adv. + as, 其否定结构为： not as / so + adj. / adv. + as 1.Wang Wei speaks English as _____ as Yang Lan．They both study English hard． A. good B. well C. better D. best 【解析】句意：王伟的英语讲的和杨澜的一样好。他们学习英语都努力。A为形容词 原级；B为副词的原级；C为比较级；D为最高级。本题考查同级的比较。as…as中间用形容词或副词的原级，排除C/D；此处是副词修饰动词speak。故选B。 2.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。This film is ______ _______ ______ that one. 3.这本字典没有那本字典厚This dictionary isn’t _____ ______ _______ that one. 【解析】 句式 甲与乙程度相同用 as as这个句式。答案：as interesting as甲不及乙 用否定形式。not as …as 或not so….as 故答案为： so/as thick as 4.用单词的正确形式填空 (1)Grace was as_______________( care) as Tom. They made few mistakes in the exam. (2)Grace wrote as _______________( care) as Tom . They made few mistakes in the exam. (3)Grace wrote as _______________( care) as Tom . They made a few mistakes in the exam. (4)English is not so interesting as maths. = English is ___________ interesting __________ maths. 【答案】（1）carful (2)carefully (3)careless (4) as….as 4.The Earth is home to millions of animals. 地球是数百万动物的家园。 (1) be home to 这个短语在英语中表示“对某物而言是故乡、家园、栖息地或产地”。它是一个形容词短语，home前面不需要冠词。例如，Vienna is home to Mozart 表示维也纳是莫扎特的故乡. New York is home to the global finance industry.纽约是世界金融业的中心。 The Earth is home to both animals and humans地球是动物和人类的家园 1.地球是动物和人类的家园The Earth _____________both animals and humans 【答案】is home to (2) hundreds of 数百的，数以百计的 Those mountains are hundreds of metres high.那些山有数百米高。 【重点】hundreds of 后接复数名词形式。 They plant hundreds of trees every year. 他们每年种几百棵树。 【难点】当hundred前有具体的数词修饰，即表示确切的数目时，hundred只能用单数形式，且不与of连用。另外，hundred前也可用some, several, many等表示不确定的数目的词修饰。 Two hundred students attended the contest. 两百名学生参加了此次比赛。 【拓展】与hundred用法类似的还有thousand, million等。 thousands of数千的　three thousand 三千 1.—________ is the population of China, Jack?—Let me think for a moment, it is about ________. A. How many；1，400 million B. What；1，400 million C .What；140 million D. How many；140 million 【答案】B根据句意：——中国的人口是多少，杰克? ——让我想想，大约是14亿. 提问人口用what；结合语境，1，400  million符合实际情况。故选B。 2. It is reported that there are over ______ koalas dying in the disastrous wild fire broke out recently in Australia. A. thousands of B. 8 thousands C. 8 thousands of D. 8 thousand 【答案】D millions of 数以百万计的。概数。 不能与具体数字连用。2.D thousands of 数以千计的。Thousand可以与具体数字连用。Thousand后面不加“s”。 5.Some, like tigers and lions, live on land. Other animals, like birds, enjoy the wide-open sky. 有些动物，如老虎和狮子，生活在陆地上，其他动物，如鸟类，则喜欢广阔的天空。 (1) land 的用法 land作动词，意为“降落(或跳落、跌落)到地面(或水面上)。” land还可作名词，意为“陆地;大地”。 by land意为“经陆路”, on land 意为”在陆地上” 1.请判断land的词性 We live on the land. 【答案】land 陆地。名词。 The plane landed in Shanghai. 【答案】land 着陆，动词。 2.我从楼梯上摔了下去，重重地摔在下面。I fell and __________heavily at the bottom of the stairs. 【答案】landed 3.一只鸟落在了他的头上。A bird _________on his head. 【答案】landed (2) other 意为”其他的”，other + 名词复数 辨析：other, the other, others, the others other + 名词复数 others 后不加名词 ----- 没the没范围 the other + 名词复数 the others 后不加名词 ----- 有the有范围 1. Some people like to rest in their free time. ______ like to travel. A. Other B. The others C. Others D. Another 2. Where are ______ boys? A. the other B. the others C. others D. another 3. There were three books on my table. One is here. Where are ___? A. others B. the others C. the other D. another 4. This is not the only answer to the question. There are _____. A. the others B. others C. another D. the other 5. I don’ t like those shoes. Please show me ______. A. another B. other C. the other D. some others 【答案】CABBA 6.From bears to birds, from butterflies to seahorses, animals make our planet lovely and interesting. 从熊到鸟，从蝴蝶到海马，动物让我们的星球变得可爱而有趣。 make 意为“制作；使得……”的， make 常考得固定搭配： make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 make sth. + adj. 使某事怎么样 你让我很伤心。 You _________ _________ _________.(make me sad) Simon抱怨说他的老板让他一天工作10小时。 Simon complained that his boss _________ _________ _________ 10 hours a day. (make him work) 7.And what's more, the Earth provides us with all the things we need, such as food, water, air and energy. 此外，地球还提供我们所需的一切，如食物、水、空气和能源。 (1) provide sth for sb.意为“为某人准备某物” The supermarket provides all kinds of fruits for us.超市为我们提供了各种各样的水果。 (2) provide sb. with sth 意思和(1)相同, 宾语换了一下 The supermarket provides us with all kinds of fruits.超市为我们提供了各种各样的水果。 1. 他为他的家人提供食物和衣服。 He provided food and clothes for his family.＝ He _________his family ________food and clothes. 【答案】provided with 2．They didn’t provide me food, so I had to find something to eat. A．for B．to C．about D．with 【答案】D句意：他们没有给我提供食物，于是我不得不找东西吃。provide sb．with sth．相当于provide sth．for sb．为某人提供某物。故选D。 3. The newly-opened company ________ the local people with more chances to work. A. gives B. provides C. offers D. shows 【答案】B考查动词辨析。句意为“这家新开业的公司给当地人提供了更多的就业机会”。provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物。 4. —In the past five years, China has played an important role in the Belt and Road. —It has _____ many nations a great chance to communicate. A. offered B. supported C. included D. provided 【答案】A考查动词词义辨析。句意为“—在过去的五年中, 中国在一带一路中发挥了重要作用。—它为很多国家提供了一个交流的好机会”。offer提供; support支持; include包括; provide提供。offer sb. sth. offer sth. to Sb. 提供某人某物。 Provide sb. with sth.= provide sth. for sb. 故答案选A 5. When I’m in trouble, my sister always _________________. A. offers helping me B. offers to help me C. asks me to help D. asks me at help 【答案】B句意：每当我遇到麻烦，我的姐姐总是会主动帮助我。考查动词短语辨析：offer to do sth主动提出做某事；ask sb to do sth要求某人去做某事；根据句意为主动做某事。故选B。 8.Let's explore, learn about and take care of our home. 让我们一起探索、了解和爱护我们的家园。 explore 作为动词，主要表示“探索”、“研究”或“考察”某物，尤其是未知的、新的或复杂的领域。 搭配用法 ‌explore sth.‌：直接接名词，表示探索某物。 ‌explore (sth.) for sth.‌：表示为了寻找某物而探索某物。 ‌例句 ‌We explored the jungle for days, but found no sign of the lost city.‌ 我们在丛林中探索了数天，但没有找到失落城市的任何迹象。 1. The country is going to set up a manned space station to _______more space. A. explore B. reach        C. provide D. protect 【答案】A句意：这个国家将会建立更多的人造太空站去探索更多的太空。 考查动词辨析。explore 探究 reach达到 provide提供 protect保护。可知是建造一个太空站，是为了探究太空，故选A。 Listening 听力文本 Miss Liu:OK, now we are going to do a little quiz about the sea. Let's start with the first question. Why are sea levels on our planet rising? Wu Di:I know! The sea is getting warmer because of global warming. A lot of the ice in the North and South Poles is disappearing. That makes the sea levels rise. Miss Liu:That's right, Wu Di. Now question number two. Many kinds of fish are dying out. Why is this? Li Na:Is it because people catch too many fish? Miss Liu:That's correct. There is another reason too. Can anyone guess? Su Mei:Is it the plastic pollution? I read that a huge amount of plastic rubbish ends up in the sea each year. Fish and other sea animals eat it and get ill.Sea animals also get caught in the plastic and die. Miss Liu:You're right, Su Mei. We need to do something about this. Now, the next question ... (fade out) 刘老师:好的，现在我们要做一个关于海洋的小测验。让我们从第一个问题开始。为什么地球上的海平面在上升? 吴迪:我知道!由于全球变暖，海洋正在变暖。北极和南极的许多冰正在消失。这使得海平面上升。 刘老师:没错，吴迪。现在是第二个问题。许多种鱼正在灭绝。为什么会这样? 李娜:是因为人们抓了太多的鱼吗? 刘老师:没错。还有另外一个原因。有人能猜到吗? 苏梅:是塑料污染吗?我读到每年都有大量的塑料垃圾流入大海。鱼和其他海洋动物吃了它就生病了。海洋动物也会被塑料困住而死亡。 刘老师:你说得对，苏梅。我们得做点什么。现在，下一个问题……(淡出) 语法解析 there be句型的结构和用法规则 基本结构 There + is / are (名词+地点状语） 肯定句 There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+地点状语 There is a book / some paper on the table. There are +复数可数名词+地点状语 There are three apples in the basket. 否定句 在be动词后加上not,缩略形式是isn't, aren't There isn't a book on the table. There aren't any apples in the basket. 一般疑问句 将be动词提到there前 Is there a book on the table? Are there any apples in the basket? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词（如 what, how many/much, who 等）+is /are there +其他成分 What’s there on the table? How many people are there in the room? 就近原则 当there be后有两个或更多的名词时，be动词的形式应与 最靠近它的名词在数上保持一致 There is a pen and two books on the table, （pen 是离 be 动词 最近的单数名词） There are two books and a pen on the table, （books 是离 be 动词最近的复数名词） There be 与have的区别 there be和have的含义和用法不同，there be句型表达的是“在某个地方存在某人、某物等”， have/has则表示“某人拥有某物”。当主语为第三人称单数时，使用has；其他人称作主语，则使用have。 There are all kinds of books on my bookstore. 我的书柜上有各种各样的书。 I have all kinds of books. 我有各种各样的书。 【典例分析】 一、 翻译短句。 1 椅子下面有一只猫。_____________________________________________ 2 教室里没有20个学生。____________________________________________ 3 袋子里有一些面包。____________________________________________ 4 书桌上有两本书吗？___________________________________________ 5 你们学校有多少个班？____________________________________________ 【答案】 1.There is a cat under the chair. 2.There aren’t 20 students in the classroom. 3.There is some bread in the bag. 4.Are there two books on the desk? 5.How many classes are there in your school? 随堂训练 一.根据句意及首字母提示填词 1.If they build the factory nearby, it may ____________ the water here. 2.What should we do to ____________ the Earth? 3.This is a ____________ bag and we'd better not use it. 4.The big and beautiful lake in Beihai Park takes up(占据)over half of the park _________. 5.Helen had a dream of walking to the North _________ alone when she was forty. 1.pollute     2.protect     3.plastic     4.area    5.Pole     二.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 6.The small town ___________ (cover) an area of about 30 square kilometers(平方千米). 7.The ______________ (pollute) of the sea kills millions of sea animals every year. 8.It is an ____________ (amaze) film and we all like it. 9.The Earth is a beautiful place. There are forests and rivers, mountains and ___________(field). 10.Colorful ________________ (butterfly) danced in the garden, flitting (轻快地从一处到另一处) from flower to flower. 6.covers    7.pollution    8.amazing    9.fields    10.butterflies     三.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词 11.每年都有数百万游客参观这个著名的景点。 Every year, _____________ _______ tourists visit this famous scenic spot. 12.父母应该为孩子提供一个安全且充满爱的环境。 Parents should ____________ their children _________ a safe and loving environment. 13.他把他的宠物猫当作家人一样照顾。 He __________ _________ _______ his pet cat like it's his family member. 14.据我们所知,中国是世界上最早发现茶和饮用茶的国家。 _______ ________ _______ _______ _________, China is the earliest country to discover and drink tea. 15.这本书非常有趣,而且它里面充满了有用的知识。 This book is very interesting. ___________ _________, it is full of useful knowledge. 11.millions    of 12.provide    with 13.takes    care of 14.As far as we know   15.What's    more 四.语篇填空 阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯。 　　Hello everyone. Welcome to my blog. My name is Harry, and I come from Germany. Last week, I read 1._______ article about 2._______________ (protect) the Earth. I would like to share something with you. The Earth is a wonderful place. There're forests and rivers, mountains and fields. Besides (除了) the natural beauty, there are also different 3.____________ (season) and weather. Spring is warm, and it often 4.__________ (rain) heavily in summer. In autumn, leaves are colorful. In winter, it is often cold and 5._____________ (snow), so it's very exciting 6.____________ (make) snowmen. The Earth is our home, and it provides us 7._______ air, water and food. But today there 8._______ (be) a lot of 9.______________ (pollute). We burn things to make energy, and this pollutes the air. We throw away so much rubbish that we pollute the land. We must stop 10.__________ (do) these things to protect the Earth for our future. 　　I want to make friends with junior high school students from all over the world. If you have something good to share with me, email me, please. 解析 [语篇解读]　文章主要介绍了地球的自然之美、四季和天气的特点,并呼吁大家保护地球。 1.此处泛指“一篇文章”,用不定冠词, article 是以元音音素开头的单词,故用不定冠词 an。 2.空前的about是介词,后接v.-ing 形式,故填 protecting。 3.根据空前的different可知,这里应用season的复数形式sea-sons,表示不同的季节。 4.句子描述的是客观事实,用一般现在时,分句的主语it是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词rain要用第三人称单数形式 rains。 5.and 连接两个并列的形容词,根据前面的 cold 可知,这里用 snow 的形容词形式snowy表示 “多雪的”。 6.固定句型 “It's+adj.+to do sth.”表示 “做某事是……的”,故填 to make。 7.固定短语 provide sb. with sth. 表示 “为某人提供某物”,故填with。 8.根据后面的pollute可知,主语是“污染”,不可数,be动词用 is。 9.a lot of 后接名词,pollute 是动词,其名词形式是 pollution。故填pollution。 10.stop doing sth. 表示 “停止做某事”,故填 doing。 综合训练 一．单项选择 1.In the forest fire, many animals went into the river to keep 　　　.  A.alive　　　 B.live　　　 C.lively　　　 D.to live 答案A　“keep+形容词”意为“保持某种状态”。alive作形容词,意为“活着的”;live作形容词,意为“活的”,通常作定语,作动词,意为“活着”;lively作形容词,意为“活泼的”。由语境可知选A。 2.We must do something 　　　our classroom 　　　. A.keep;clean B.keep;cleaning C.to keep;cleaning D.to keep;clean 答案D　句意:我们必须采取措施保持教室清洁。第一空应用不定式作定语来修饰something;keep...clean表示“使……保持干净”,clean是形容词,作宾语补足语。故选D。 3.The engineers will keep　　　 the project with the manager of the company.  A.discuss　　　 B.discussed C.discussing　　　 D.to discuss 答案C　句意:工程师们将继续与公司经理讨论这个项目。keep doing sth.为固定用法,意为“继续做某事”。故选C。 4.Mum, could you help me 　　　my toy car? I can't 　　　it anywhere!  A.look for;find B.find;look for C.look;find out D.look;find 答案A　句意:妈妈,你能帮我寻找我的玩具车吗?我哪儿都找不到!look for寻找;find发现,找到;look看;find out找出,查明。由句意可知,第一空表示“寻找”,第二空表示“找到”,故选A。 5.　　 　 there any living things on other planets? I have no idea.  A.Is　　　 B.Are C.Has　　　 D.Have 答案B　句意:其他星球上有任何生物吗?我不知道。There be结构表示“某地/某时有某物/人”,表示存在关系,不能与have/has(有)一起使用,根据things可知,此空应填are,故选B。 6.We must study English well because it's very 　　　.  A.difficult　　　 B.important C.beautiful　　　 D.large 答案B　句意:我们必须学好英语,因为它很重要。difficult困难的;important重要的;beautiful美丽的;large大的。故选B。 7.You 　　　drive without a license!  A.can　　　 B.must C.mustn't　　　 D.may 答案C　根据“without a license”和常识可知,没有驾照是不可以开车的。由句意可知,这里表示“禁止”。 8.When the bell rings, everyone should stop 　　　and start reading books.  A.to talk　　　 B.talking C.to talking　　　 D.talk 答案B　句意:铃声响起时,每个人都应该停止说话,开始读书。stop to do sth.停下来去做某事;stop doing sth.停下正在做的某事。此处指铃声响起时要停止说话。故选B。 9.It's dangerous for children 　　in the street.  A.play　　　 B.to play C.playing　　　 D.to playing 答案B　固定句型“It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事是……”。故选B。 10.—Why are you taking a basket with you for shopping? —The store doesn't 　　　shopping bags for shoppers to protect the environment.  A.lend　　　 B.count　　　 C.provide　　　 D.collect 答案C　句意:——你购物时为什么带着一个篮子?——为了保护环境,商店不为顾客提供购物袋。lend借出;count数;provide提供;collect收集。故选C。 二．语法选择 Dear Museum Scientists, My name is Yang Jingjing. 　1　 live by the sea, near a mangrove swamp (红树林沼泽地).  My mom is 　2　 tour guide. She knows a lot about the mangrove swamp. She loves 　3　 people the beautiful animals that live there. I am writing to you 　4　 I'm worried about what is happening near my home. The mangroves are home to many 　5　 such as birds, butterflies and snakes. Down in the water under the trees are homes of fish and shrimp. The mangroves also protect us 　6　 wind, waves and floods (浪潮与水灾).  However, in the past few years, things 　7　 greatly. These changes bring lots of worries to more and more people. New neighborhoods (社区) 　8　 last year and the year before. It turned the place with mangroves into stores, houses, cinemas, restaurants and car parks. What is even 　9　, all these things are still going on! What will happen to the animals that live in the mangroves? I don't know 　10　. How I wish we can find a way to live together with the mangroves and animals!  Sincerely yours, Yang Jingjing 1.A.My　　　 B.Mine　　　 C.I　　　 D.Me 2.A.a　　　 B.an　　　 C.the　　　 D./ 3.A.show　　　 B.to show C.give　　 D.to give 4.A.although　 B.before C.because　 D.unless 5.A.plant　　　 B.plants C.animal D.animals 6.A.from　　　 B.with　　　 C.about　　 D.for 7.A.has changed　　　 B.have changed C.is changing　　　 D.are changing 8.A.build　　　 B.are built C.built　　　 D.were built 9.A.bad　　　 B.worse C.good　　 D.better 10.A.what we can do　　　 B.what can we do C.how we can do　　　 D.how can we do [语篇解读]　杨静静因为她家附近的红树林沼泽地被破坏而担忧,向博物馆科学家们写了一封求助信。 1.C　根据上文的“My name is...”可知,作者在自我介绍,且设空处作主语,应用人称代词主格形式,故选C。 2.A　句意:我妈妈是一名导游。第一次提到的人或物用“a”或“an”,tour以辅音音素开头,其前不定冠词应用a,故选A。 3.B　根据“love to do sth.”排除A和C。此处表示“她喜欢给人们看生活在那里的漂亮的动物”,故选B。 4.C　根据下文语境可知,作者担心家乡附近(红树林沼泽地)所发生的事是写信给博物馆的科学家们的原因,故选C。 5.D　根据空前的“many”可知,设空处应用可数名词复数,再根据空后的“such as birds,butterflies and snakes”可知,此处指动物,故选D。 6.A　此处指红树林保护我们免受风、浪潮与水灾的袭击。protect...from...意为“保护……免受……”,故选A。 7.B　根据时间状语“in the past few years”可知,用现在完成时,主语“things”为复数,谓语动词应用复数形式,故选B。 8.D　主语“New neighborhoods”与 build 之间为被动关系,故用被动语态,又因为时间状语为“last year and the year before”,故应用一般过去时的被动语态,故选D。 9.B　根据空前的“even”可知,设空处应用形容词的比较级,再结合空后的内容可知,此处是说甚至更糟糕的是,所有这些事情仍然在继续,故选B。 10.A　宾语从句要用陈述句语序,又根据句意“我不知道我们能做什么”可知选A。 三．完形填空（10分） 　　Jimmy is an American boy. He’s thirteen. He lives in China 　1　 his family. There are　2　people in his family. His father is David Clinton. His mother is Catherine. He has got a little sister and her name is Abbey. He also has a yellow dog. Its name is Larry.   Look! They are doing different things. Abbey is 　3　 with Larry. They are playing with a ball happily. Jimmy’s father　4　washing his car. His mother is cleaning the house. 　5　 is Jimmy doing? Ah, he is doing 　6　 homework.   Jimmy can’t 　7　 Chinese well, but he loves Chinese very much. He is studying hard. He wants to 　8　 Chinese well.   Jimmy’s parents have got 　9　 in China. His father works in a middle school as a 　10　. Of course he teaches English. His mother works at a TV station. 1. A.in　　　 B.on　　　 C.with　　　 D.for 2. A.three　　　 B.four　　　 C.five　　　 D.six 3. A.playing　 B.taking　　 C.driving　　　 D.sleeping` 4. A.am　　　 B.is　　　 C.are　　　 D.be 5. A.Where　　 B.What　　 C.Why　　　 D.When 6. A.her　　　 B.its　　　 C.his　　　 D.your 7. A.say　　　 B.tell　　　 C.speak　　　 D.talk 8. A.learn　　　 B.teach　　 C.hear　　　 D.play 9. A.hobbies　 B.jobs　　　 C.ways　　　 D.habits 10. A.student　　 B.teacher　　 C.manager　　　 D.doctor 答案　[语篇解读]　本文介绍了Jimmy及其家庭成员,还介绍了他们正在做的事情以及他们在中国的生活。 1.C　句意:他和他的家人一起住在中国。表示“和……在一起”要用介词with。 2.B　根据后文中提到的His father、His mother、a little sister可推断,Jimmy家一共有四口人,故答案为B。 3.A　根据设空处后的描述可知,Abbey正在和Larry一起“玩耍”,所缺的词是playing。 4.B　主语是Jimmy’s father,对应的be动词是is,故答案为B。 5.B　根据设空处后的答语可知,该句的含义是“Jimmy正在做什么?”,所缺的词是What。 6.C　和主语he相对应的形容词性物主代词是his;his homework表示“他的家庭作业”。 7.C　表示“说某种语言”要用speak和语言类词汇搭配,故答案为C。 8.A　他想“学”好中文,所缺的词是learn。 9.B　本段介绍了Jimmy父母的“职业”,所缺的词是jobs。 10.B　根据设空处前的“他的爸爸在一所中学工作”以及设空处后的“他当然教英语”可知,他的爸爸是一名老师,故答案为B。 四．阅读理解 The Earth is about 4,600 million years old. People live on the Earth for only 35,000 years. But we change the Earth in many ways. Many things we do are good, but some are not good for the Earth. Water pollution A lot of people, birds and fish die each day because of water pollution. Factories pollute the water. As a result, the water in many rivers and lakes is very dirty now. Air pollution In big cities, factories, cars and buses are the main causes (原因) of air pollution. Many people in cities now have health problems. For example, Mexico used to be a beautiful city and was a good place for people to live, but today there is lots of PM2.5 in the air. And many people get ill because of the polluted air. Soil (土壤) pollution In order to have a better harvest (收获), some farmers use chemicals (化学物质) in their fields. That’s bad for the soil. Hope for the future These problems are very bad for our future, so all of us should do something to protect the environment. If we can stop pollution, the Earth will become more and more beautiful. 1.How old is the Earth? A．About 3,500 million years old. B．About 3,700 million years old. C．About 4,600 million years old. D．About 4,800 million years old. 2.What makes the Earth change a lot? A．Plants. B．Cloud. C．Animals. D．People. 3.How many kinds of pollution are talked about in this passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 4.Which of the following is NOT true? A．The water in many rivers is very clean now. B．Mexico was a good place to live in the past. C．Factories, cars and buses can cause air pollution. D．Now more and more farmers use chemicals in the fields. 5.What is the purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To ask us to learn about the Earth. B．To ask us to thank the Earth. C．To ask us to enjoy the Earth. D．To ask us to protect the Earth. 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐明了地球正在遭受各种污染，为了我们的明天，我们必须团结起来一起保护地球。 1．细节理解题。根据“The Earth is about 4,600 million years old”可知地球46亿岁，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“People live on the Earth for only 35,000 years. But we change the Earth in many ways.”可知人在地球上仅仅生活了35,000年，却在许多方面改变着地球，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Water pollution”“Air pollution”和“Soil (土壤) pollution”可知文章提到了三种污染，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“As a result, the water in many rivers and lakes is very dirty now.”可知现在许多江河湖泊里的水是非常脏的，故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“These problems are very bad for our future, so all of us should do something to protect the environment. If we can stop pollution, the Earth will become more and more beautiful.”及全文可知，本文主要讲述了地球正在遭受各种污染，这些问题将会严重地危害我们的未来，所有的我们应该保护环境，停止污染地球，故选D。 知识清单 Section 1　Experiencing and understanding language 1. 　　　　　　 n. 系统　　　　　 2. 　　　　　　 n. 档案 3. 　　　　　　 adj. 令人大为惊奇的 4. 　　　　　　 n. 行星 5. 　　　　　　 num. 十亿 6. 　　　　　　 v. 盖；覆盖 7. 　　　　　　 n. 地区；地域　 8. 　　　　　　 adj. 极冷的 9. 　　　　　　 n. 北；北方　 10. 　　　　　　 n. （行星的）极；地极 11. 　　　　　　 n. 沙漠；荒漠 12. 　　　　　　 n. 米 13. 　　　　　　 v. 足够达到　 14. 　　　　　　 n. 谷粒 15. 　　　　　　 adj. 宽的；宽阔的　 16. 　　　　　　 n. 鲸 17. 　　　　　　 n. 蝴蝶 18. 　　　　　　 v. 提供；供应 19. 　　　　　　 v. 探索　 20. 　　　　　　 v. 消失；不见 21. 　　　　　　 n. 塑料 22. 　　　　　　 n. 污染 23. 　　　　　　 v. 保护 1. amazing—　　　　　　（动词）—　　　　　　（形容词，修饰人）　 2. north—　　　　　　（形容词） 3. wide—　　　　　　（副词）　 4. disappear—　　　　　　（反义词） 5. pollution—　　　　　　（动词） 6. protect—　　　　　　（名词） 7. high—　　　　　　（名词） 8. freezing—　　　　　　（动词） 9. butterfly—　　　　　　（复数） 10. love—　　　　　　（形容词） 11. friend—　　　　　　（形容词） 1. 　　　　　　　　 太阳系　 2. 　　　　　　　　 事实档案 3. 　　　　　　　　 被……覆盖 4. 　　　　　　　　 据我们所知 5. 　　　　　　　　 海平面 6. 　　　　　　　　 更重要的是 7. 　　　　　　　　 提供；供应；给予 8. 　　　　　　　　 塑料污染 9. 　　　　　　　　 照顾 10. 　　　　　　　　 以许多不同的方式 11. 　　　　　　　　 除了……以外（还） 12. 　　　　　　　　 ……的家园 13. 　　　　　　　　 有……高 14. 　　　　　　　　 数以百计 15. 　　　　　　　　 数以百万计 16. 　　　　　　　　 数以十亿计 17. 　　　　　　　　 两者都 18. 　　　　　　　　 充满…… 19. 　　　　　　　　 对……很重要 20. 　　　　　　　　 大量的 21. 　　　　　　　　 砍倒 22. 　　　　　　　　 由于 23. 　　　　　　　　 灭绝 1. 它绕着太阳转。It 　　　　　　　　 the Sun. 2. 地球的大约70%被海洋覆盖。About 70% of the Earth 　　　　　　　　 the sea. 3. 地球上的植物在许多不同的方面都是奇妙的。 The plants on Earth are wonderful 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 4. 而且更重要的是，地球为我们提供了我们所需的一切，如食物、水、空气和能源。 And what's more, the Earth 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， such as food，water，air and energy. 5. 让我们探索、了解并照顾我们的家园吧。 Let's explore, 　　　　　　　　 and 　　　　　　　　 our home. 6. 由于全球变暖，海洋正在变暖。The sea is 　　　　　　　　　　　　 global warming. 7. 我了解到每年有大量的塑料垃圾最终流入海洋。 I read that 　　　　　　　　 plastic rubbish 　　　　　　　　 in the sea each year. 核心单词　1. system　2. file　3. amazing　4. planet5. billion　6. cover　7. area　8. freezing　9. north 10. pole　11. desert　12. metre　13. reach　14. grain　15. wide　16. whale　17. butterfly　18. provide 19. explore　20. disappear　21. plastic　22. pollution23. protect 单词变形　1. amaze；amazed　2. northern　3. widely4. appear　5. pollute　6. protection　7. height　8. freeze 9. butterflies　10. lovely　11. friendly 核心短语　1. solar system　2. fact file　3. be covered by4. as far as we know　5. sea level　6. what's more 7. provide…with…　8. plastic pollution　9. take care of　10. in many different ways　11. along with12. home to…　13. in height　14. hundreds of15. millions of　16. billions of17. both…and　18. be filled with/be full of 19. be important to…　20. a huge amount of21. cut down　22. because of　23. die out 重点句型　1. travels around　2. is covered by3. in many different ways4. provides us with all the things we need 5. learn about; take care of　6. getting warmer because of7. a huge amount of；ends up Section 2　Exploring and applying rules 1. 　　　　　　 v. 组织　　　　 2. 　　　　　　 n. 建议　　　　 3. 　　　　　　 n. 瓶子 4. 　　　　　　 n. 文章　　　　 5. 　　　　　　 v. 丢弃；留下；离开 1. suggest—　　　　　　（名词）—　　　　（同义词）　 2. organize—　　　　　　（名词） 3. leave—　　　　（过去式）　 1. 　　　　　　　　 在海滩上　 2. 　　　　　　　　 在……结束时 3. 　　　　　　　　 当然 4. 　　　　　　　　 把……捡起来 5. 　　　　　　　　 谈论 6. 　　　　　　　　　　 尽某人的最大努力去做某事 1. 我们能做什么来帮助保护大海？ 　　　　　　　　 we 　　　　　　　　 the sea? 2. 那是一个好主意！ 　　　　　　　　　　　　！ 3. 我们应该尽全力保护它。　We should 　　　　　　　　　　　　 it. 4. 我希望你能加入我们。I hope 　　　　　　　　　　　　. 核心单词　1. organize　2. suggestion　3. bottle4. article　5. leave 单词变形　1. suggestion；advice　2. organization　3. left 核心短语　1. on the beach　2. at the end of3. of course　4. pick…up5. talk about　6. try one's best to do sth.　 重点句型　1. What can; do to help protect2. That's a good idea　3. try our best to protect4. you can join us 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$