必修第2册 UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS-【金版教程】2026年高考英语一轮复习解决方案全书word（经典版 人教版2019）

一　背记单词

◎历史与文化

1．Confucius  孔子

2．descendant n. 后裔；后代；子孙

3．chief adj.  最重要的　n. 酋长

4．currency n. 通货；货币

5．military adj.  军事的；军用的

6．conquer  vt.  占领

7．battle n. 战役

8．ancestor n. 祖宗；祖先

9．custom n. 风俗

◎地理位置与场所

10．mansion n. 公馆；宅第

11．cemetery n. 墓地；公墓

12．kingdom n. 王国；领域

13．nearby  adj.  附近的　adv. 在附近

14．port n. 港口(城市)

15．gallery n. (艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊

16．position n. 位置

17．courtyard n. 庭院；院子

18．county n. (英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县

19．ocean n. 大海

20．pub n. 酒吧；酒馆

◎物品与自然

21．landscape n. (陆上，尤指乡村的)风景

22．butter n. 黄油；奶油

23．honey n. 蜂蜜

24．snack n. 点心；小吃

25．feast n. 盛宴

26．cattle n. 牛

27．wine n. 葡萄酒；果酒

28．beer n. (一杯)啤酒

29．stew n. 炖菜(有肉和蔬菜)

◎其他

30．individual adj.  单独的　n. 个人

31．heel n. 足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟

32．charge n．& vt. 收费

33．amount n. 金额；数量

34．approach n. 方法　vi. 靠近

35．ensure vt.  保证

36．roll vi.&  vt. (使)翻滚

37．dot n. 点

38．roar vi.& n. 吼叫；咆哮

39．scent n. 气味；气息

40．greet vt.  问候；迎接

41．transition n. 过渡；转变；变迁

42．crowd n. 人群　vt. 挤满

二　词形变化

1．philosophy n. 哲学→philosophical  adj.  哲学的→philosopher n. 哲学家

2．puzzle n. 谜　vt. 迷惑；使困惑→puzzling adj. 令人困惑的→puzzled adj. 感到困惑的→puzzlement n. 迷惑

3．belong vi. 应在(某处)→belongings n. 所有物；财物

4．defend v．防御→defensive adj. 防御的→defence n. 防御

5．legal adj. 法律的→illegal adj. 不合法的→legally adv. 法律上地

6．surround vt. 围绕→surrounding  adj. 周围的→surroundings n. 环境

7．evident adj. 明显的→evidence n. 证据

8．locate vt. 确定……的准确地点→located adj. 坐落于→location n. 地方

9．fascinate v. 使……入迷→fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的→fascinated adj. 着迷的→fascination n. 着迷

10．announce vt. 宣布→announcement  n. 宣布→announcer n. 广播员

11．generous adj. 慷慨的→generously  adv.  慷慨地→generosity n. 慷慨

12．eager adj. 热切的→eagerly adv. 热心地→eagerness  n. 热切

13．poet n. 诗人→poem n. 诗；韵文→poetry n. 诗歌(总称)

14．sense n．& v.  感觉→sensory adj.  感觉的→sensor n. 传感器

15．strike vt. 打击→striking adj. 引人注目的

16．achieve vt. 达到；实现→achievement n. 成就

1．We must take some defensive measures to defend our country against invasion.(defend)

2．The announcer softly announced the result, but the announcement shocked me.(announce)

3．It is evident that the man will be sentenced to prison with the newly­found evidence．(evident)

4．Although he lives here, all the belongings in the house don't belong to him.(belong)

5．She wore a puzzled expression on her face because she was puzzled about a puzzling problem. (puzzle)

6．We always dream of having a house surrounded by trees, flowers and grass. If we can live in such beautiful surroundings,__we must be happy every day. As is known to all, the surrounding things can always have a positive effect on us. (surround)

7．I hold the firm belief that you are bound to achieve your dream of being admitted to a key