Unit 1 Section B 人与自我 相关题型训练-训练1-2026届高三英语总复习系列题型专项复习

2025-2026学年度高三英语总复习系列题型专项复习 「Unit 1 阅读理解题型训练」 「Section B 人与自我 相关题型训练-训练1」 经典题目精读 把握最佳练习 第一次阅读：完成题目，按照考试节奏 2023年北京卷 英语高考真题 Sitting in the garden for my friend's birthday. I felt a buzz in my pocket. My heart raced when I saw the email sender's name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…” and my vision blurred (模糊). The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme — had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for. I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career. So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn't seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all. I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn't. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue. When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (视角) to keep it from sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited about. Rather than setting plans in stone, I've learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don't sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them. 1. How did the author feel upon seeing the email sender’s name? A．Anxious. B．Angry. C．Surprised. D．Settled. 2. After talking with Professor Devon, the author decided to ________. A．criticise the review process B．stay longer in the Sahara Desert C．apply to the original project again D．put his heart and soul into the lab work 3. According to the author, the project with the robotics professor was ________. A．demanding B．inspiring C．misleading D．amusing 4. What can we learn from this passage? A．An invitation is a reputation. B．An innovation is a resolution. C．A rejection can be a redirection. D．A reflection can be a restriction. 第二次阅读：识记单词，掌握英语基础 1. buzz n. 振动 例句：I felt a buzz in my pocket. 翻译：我感到口袋里一阵振动。 2. vision n. 视野 例句：We are sorry to inform you…”and my vision blurred. 翻译：邮件以 “很遗憾地通知你……” 结尾，我的视野模糊了。 3. measure v. 测量 例句：The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert… 翻译：这个职位——负责测量撒哈拉沙漠的土壤质量…… 4. undergraduate n. 本科生 例句：As part of an undergraduate research programme. 翻译：作为一项本科生研究项目的一部分。 5. rejection n. 拒绝 例句：I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career. 翻译：我以为这次拒绝意味着我科学生涯的终点。 6. emotional adj. 情感的 例句：I had put so much emotional energy into applying… 翻译：我在申请上投入了太多情感精力…… 7. observe v. 观察 例句：Invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. 翻译：邀请我观摩她实验室里进行的工作。 8. potential adj. 潜在的 例句：Talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. 翻译：和她谈论我可能在她实验室从事的潜在项目。 9. propose v. 提议 例句：What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project… 翻译：她提议的内容似乎不如最初申请的项目令人兴奋…… 10. robotics n. 机器人学 例句：Working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data… 翻译：与一位机器人学教授合作开发数据收集技术…… 11. technique n. 技术 例句：Techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. 翻译：从沙漠远程收集数据的技术。 12. remote adj. 远程的 例句：A project I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat—remote data collection. 翻译：一个无需身处酷热沙漠、在沙发上就能完成的项目 —— 远程数据收集。 13. lockdown n. 封锁 例句：That project…not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. 翻译：那个项目…… 不仅在封锁期间得以推进，还在传统方法失效的领域发挥了作用。 14. perspective n. 视角 例句：This time I had the perspective to keep it from sending me into panic. 翻译：但这一次，我有了正确的视角，避免让自己陷入恐慌。 15. panic n. 恐慌 例句：This time I had the perspective to keep it from sending me into panic. 翻译：但这一次，我有了正确的视角，避免让自己陷入恐慌。 第三次阅读：精读文章，寻觅佳句好句 1. 非限制性定语从句+并列谓语+时间状语从句 The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme—which had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for, ended with a rejection email that blurred my vision. 语法分析 （1）主干结构：The position ended with a rejection email. （2）修饰成分： 破折号间内容 “measuring soil quality...” 为同位语，解释职位性质，内含动名词短语作定语； “which had felt like...” 为非限制性定语从句，修饰 position，使用过去完成时 “had spent” 强调时间跨度； “that blurred my vision” 为限制性定语从句，修饰 email。 2. not only...but also... 平行结构+地点状语从句 That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. 语法分析 （1）主干结构：The project not only survived but worked. （2）修饰成分： “which I could complete...” 为定语从句，修饰 project，内含 instead of 引导的对比结构； not only...but also... 连接并列谓语，强调递进关系； “where traditional methods didn’t” 为地点状语从句，相当于 in the places where...。 3. 读后续写好句积累与背诵（挫折顿悟类） I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career, but it actually opened a door to unexpected opportunities in robotics research. 我曾以为拒信意味着科学生涯的终点，但它实际上为我打开了机器人研究中意想不到的机会之门。 可用于读后续写中主角遭遇失败后发现新可能的情节，如：“She thought the competition loss meant the end of her artistic journey, but it actually led her to a breakthrough in mixed-media creation.”（她曾以为比赛失利是艺术之路的终点，却因此在综合材料创作中获得突破）； 句式迁移：“thought...meant..., but it actually...” 结构，适合表达 “塞翁失马” 的哲理，突出认知转变。 3. 读后续写好句积累与背诵（机遇把握类） Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time. 我学会了不必固执于既定计划，有时需要抓住眼前的机会，即使它们当时听起来并不完美。 讨论 “规划与机遇” 时可以迁移应用，“Just as the author embraced the lab opportunity, we should remember that flexibility in plans allows life to unfold its unexpected gifts.”（正如作者接受实验室的机会，我们应记住，计划的灵活性让生命展现意外的馈赠）； 文章思路借鉴：“Rather than...+ that-clause + even if...” 结构，适合辩证论述，如：“Rather than fearing change, we should believe that stepping into the unknown, even if daunting, can lead to growth.”（不必恐惧改变，应相信踏入未知——即使令人畏惧——能带来成长）。 第四次阅读：短文填词，检验语法情况 Sitting in the garden at my friend's birthday party, I felt a buzz in my pocket. My heart raced as I saw the email sender's name. The message began: "Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest" and "the review process 1. ____________ (take) longer than expected," ending with "We regret to inform you…" My vision blurred instantly. The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme—had seemed like the 2. ____________ (long) -awaited answer to years of searching. I had invested so much time and emotional energy in the application, 3. ____________ (convince) that rejection meant the demise of my scientific career. Shock followed when Professor Mary Devon, 4. ____________ was leading the programme, invited me to observe her lab work weeks later. I seized the opportunity, and weeks after that, I was 5. ____________ (equal) astonished— and overjoyed—when she proposed discussing potential projects. 6. ____________ she offered didn't seem as thrilling as the original plan, but I was determined to commit fully. I ended up collaborating with a robotics professor on remote desert data-collection techniques. This project, 7. ____________ (complete) from my sofa instead of the scorching desert, not only survived lockdowns but outperformed traditional methods. Eventually, it sparked a new research interest. Applying to graduate school, I identified three programmes 8. ____________ (align) with my desired direction. Despite the same anxious excitement, rejection from one "perfect fit" didn't plunge me into panic. 9. ____________ helped was that I gained admission to another programme I cherished. I've learned not to fixate on rigid plans. Sometimes we must embrace offered opportunities, even if they seem imperfect initially, and maximize 10. ____________ (they) potential. 相同主题重现 体会主题奥秘 1. 2024年江苏无锡模拟 Are you good at interpreting other people's emotions? Then there's a good chance that you're also good at understanding what animals try to say. A new Danish-Swiss study published in the open journal Royal Society Open Science indicates that empathetic (能共情的) people are also good at decoding (解读) animal sounds. Other factors also improve your chance of communicating with animals—you are more likely to be animal-empathetic if you also work with animals, and the ability seems to peak in those aged 20-29 years old, according to the scientists. “Our results show that, based on animal sounds, people are able to tell whether an animal is agitated (焦虑不安的) or not and whether the animal expresses positive or negative emotions,” says behavioural biologist Elodie Briefer from the University of Copenhagen's Faculty of Science. “This is true in connection with a number of different mammals. We can also see that our ability to interpret the sounds depends on factors such as age, first-hand knowledge of animals, and not least how empathetic we are towards other people.” The study was based on answers from 1024 people across 48 countries. They were introduced to sounds from six mammals: goats, cattle, domesticated horses, Asian wild horses, pigs, and wild boars. The sounds from the six animals were played to the study's respondents together with sounds of human nonsense (胡言乱语) produced by actors. Afterwards, the participants had to guess whether the sounds expressed a high or low level of agitation, and if the emotions were positive or negative. Following the test, the participants were asked to take an empathy test that measured their empathy towards human beings. “It is a convincing test which measures empathy towards other people,” Elodie Briefer explains. “And we saw a clear connection with the ability to interpret animal sounds.” 1. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A．By stating opinions. B．By quoting a saying. C．By giving an example. D．By asking a question. 2. Who might be best at understanding animal emotions based on the study? A．A 15-year-old hard-working student. B．A 25-year-old caring animal raiser. C．A 29-year-old experienced hunter. D．A 30-year-old friendly teacher. 3. What does Elodie Briefer think of the test involved? A．Doubtful. B．Reliable. C．Ineffective. D．Disappointing. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Human empathy extends to animals B．Emotion interpretation helps animals C．Sound interpretation depends on ages D．Emotion expression protects animals 2. 2025年安徽合肥模拟 It was my birthday, and I was celebrating it as I had for years: Watching the annual Perseid meteor shower (流星雨). But this time, as the meteors flashed across the sky, I, a junior girl, began to question, “Could my lifelong love for astronomy be more than a hobby?” I grew up in a small town, where even graduating from high school was not a given for many students. But I was driven to pursue my education, and like my best friend's dad — a pharmacist (药剂师), one of the few professional role models in my neighborhood, therefore, I chose to major in pharmacy, the science of preparing medicines, at the University of North Carolina. The university was only a 3.5-hour drive away, but it felt across the universe. In the weeks since I began my pharmacy degree, I had met people with jobs and PhDs in different branches of science I had never considered — neuroscience, archaeology, and even astrophysics. Their passion and knowledge opened my eyes to worlds I had never imagined. As my birthday and the Perseid meteor shower approached, I was faced with a decision: Should I stick to my long-standing plans or take a step into the unknown? Ultimately, a solar eclipse (日食) helped me make my decision. As the Moon gradually shaded the Sun, the world darkened around me. The stillness of the water, the desperate calls of birds, and the fading sunset deeply moved me. I knew what I had to do. I dropped out of pharmacy school to pursue previously unimagined options. Facing years of challenges and growth, I worked odd jobs before earning a second degree in physics, starting a PhD in astronomy, and realized that the night sky's vastness inspired me to overcome doubts and follow my dreams. As I approach the final year of my PhD, I realize that growing up with the night sky gave me a valuable gift. It gave me an insight into life: On the scale of our vast universe, our individual needs, desires, fears, and insecurities shrink to insignificance, bringing humanity together. It liberated me from allowing earthly worries, shame, or self-doubt to stand in the way of pursuing new dreams. 1. What motivated the author to major in pharmacy? A．Her ambition to become a doctor. B．The encouragement of her friend. C．Her childhood passion for pharmacy D．The influence of her best friend's father. 2. How did the author's experience at university shape her? A．It helped her stick to her belief. B．It opened her mind to new ideas. C．It enhanced her pharmacy study. D．It developed her thinking abilities. 3. What can we learn from the author's understanding of life? A．Accepting insecurities helps us handle challenges. B．Personal problems still matter in the vast universe. C．It's vital to pursue dreams despite personal challenges. D．It is small and unimportant things that mean a lot to us. 4. Which of the following best describes the author? A．Caring and patient. B．Modest and honest. C．Generous and helpful. D．Curious and determined. 3. 2025年江西上饶模拟 Going through life can be very challenging at times. When we were young, no one told us how hard it would be in the future. But here we are. One of the biggest problems of adult life is having self-doubt. It is tiresome and can kill your confidence levels if not controlled from the get-go. We will all experience self-doubt. That is natural. It happens to us during normal days or whenever we are going to start a new task, or a new relationship, anything new in life will make you self-doubt. This sort of feeling forces you into a dark abyss (深渊) where nothing seems to go right and you might feel like giving up. That is the time to be strong. There are some people out there that mistake self-doubt for something else. Self-doubt is when you are unsure about one or more parts of yourself. For example, when starting a new job, you might feel inexperienced or might think that you are not fit enough for the job, this is an example of self-doubt. Self-doubt isn't all that bad. A low level of self-criticism is actually good for you. It motivates you and pushes you to be better in life, to become greater than yesterday. This type of feeling will push you to work harder and faster than before and will also increase your productivity, but it should be a low level of self-criticism. You don't want to punish yourself over things that are beyond your control. In order to be a better version of ourselves, tough love can be a good motivator but we don't need to become drill sergeants (教官) while doing that. Over-criticizing ourselves actually does more harm than good, and I say this from experience. Overworking and a fear of failure only lead to self-damage. 1. What is the author's view about self-doubt in Paragraph 2? A．It can happen anywhere at any time. B．It is an unnatural thing for all of us. C．It only makes us weak and disappointed. D．It can be easily avoided with our efforts. 2. Why is a new job mentioned in Paragraph 3? A．To state how hard it is to start it. B．To stress it needs previous experience. C．To cite a situation where self-doubt starts. D．To show the common reactions to getting it. 3. Self-doubt is beneficial only when . A．you overwork yourself B．you keep it in a proper level C．you feel sorry for your deeds D．you increase your productivity 4. Which of the following can be the best title of the selection? A．Self-doubt-a Natural Occurrence. B．Self-doubt and the Approach to It. C．Self-doubt Challenges One's Adult Life. D．Self-doubt Motivates 4. 2025年云南昆明模拟 About 6 months ago, I joined a gym. Every morning, there is one personal trainer there that works out. Meanwhile, my little group do our workout. He does his routine with such a quiet determination that he makes it all look very easy, although I know how hard he is working. A couple of weeks ago, I was watching him do chin ups. I broke away from my group and asked him if I could try a chin-up. I had never tried it before. He eagerly stepped aside and encouraged me to step up to the bar. I pulled myself up without thinking. Once… then twice. That was all I had in me, I having no strength left. I told him that was all I had, so he stepped up behind me and pushed me up for a third and fourth “poll”. A burst of content sweeping over me. I felt strong and good. The next day when I was doing my workout, I asked him to assist me again. Again, I did two. Again on day three. I thought it was disappointing that I could only do two, but when I finished my workout in the gym on day four, he was standing there just waving his hand at me. When I asked him what was up, he said he was impressed with my chin ups. He explained that most people couldn't do them at all, and that he was impressed by what I could. He further told me that if I practiced every day, I would be doing 5 or 6 in no time. At this point I should probably add that I am 50 years old… and female. I have a new approach now. I have experienced first hand how good it feels to rush in so innocently. To trust that we can do it and go on to accomplish exactly what we set out to do, as no one tells us we can't. I've learned how crucial it is to support others and ourselves in our attempts and to let them know that we believe they can do it rather than telling them we think that they can't. 1. How did the author feel after trying her first chin ups? A．Satisfied. B．Regretful. C．Relieved. D．Ashamed. 2. Why did the trainer wave his hand at the author? A．Because he was concerned about her health. B．Because she made an appointment with him. C．Because she did what most people couldn't do. D．Because he felt like pointing out the author's weakness 3. What does the author suggest in the last paragraph? A．Recognizing our restriction. B．Motivating others to achieve goals. C．Having faith in others' words. D．Weighing what you can and can't. 4. Which might be the best title of the text? A．Walk Out of Comfort Zone B．Because I Believe I Can C．Say No to Challenges D．Under No Circumstances Can We Quit 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年度高三英语总复习系列题型专项复习 「Unit 1 阅读理解题型训练」 「Section B 人与自我 相关题型训练-训练1」 答 案 经典题目精读 把握最佳练习 本文是一篇记叙文。文章中作者结合自己被拒绝后得到了更好的职业发展机会，告诉我们最初的拒绝给予了更好的方向。 1. A 题型：推理判断题 根据第一段"My heart raced when I saw the email sender's name.The email started off:"Dear Mr Green,thank you for your interest”and "the review process took longer than expected."It ended with"We are sorry to inform you..."and my vision blurred(模糊).(当我看到邮件发件人的名字时，我的心跳加速了。这封邮件是这样开头的：“亲爱的格林先生，感谢您的关注”,“审核过程比预期的要长。”信的结尾是“我们很抱歉地通知你……”,我的视线模糊了)”可知，收到的是被拒绝的邮件，所以推测作者在看到电子邮件发件人的名字时感到焦虑。故选A。 2. D 题型：细节理解题 根据第三段"So I was shocked when,not long after the email,Professor Mary Devon,who was running the programme,invited me to observe the work being done in her lab.I jumped at the chance,and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab.What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to,but I was going to give it my all.(因此，当我收到这封邮件后不久，负责这个项目的玛丽德文教授邀请我去她的实验室观察正在进行的工作时，我感到非常震惊。我欣然接受了这个机会，几周后，当她邀请我和她谈谈我可以在她的实验室里从事的潜在项目时，我同样感到震惊——同时也是欣喜若狂。她提出的建议似乎没有我最初申请的项目那么令人兴奋，但我打算全力以赴)”可知，与德文教授交谈后，作者决定全心全意地投入实验室工作。故选D。 3. B 题型：推理判断题 根据第四段"I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely.That project,which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert,not only survived the lock down but worked where traditional methods didn't.In the end,I had a new scientific interest to pursue.(我发现自己和一个机器人教授一起研究从沙漠中远程收集数据的技术。我可以在沙发上完成这个项目，而不是在沙漠的酷热中完成，它不仅在封锁期间幸存下来，而且在传统方法不奏效的地方也奏效了。最后，我有了新的科学兴趣去追求)”可推知，机器人学教授的项目很鼓舞人心。故选B。 4. C 题型：推理判断题 根据最后一段“Rather than setting plans in stone,I've learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered,even if they don't sound perfect at the time,and make the most of them.(我明白了有时候我需要抓住提供的机会，即使这些机会在当时听起来并不完美，也要充分利用，而不是一成不变地制定计划)”结合文章中作者结合自己被拒绝后得到了更好的职业发展机会，告诉我们最初的拒绝给予了更好的方向。故C选项“拒绝可以是重定向”最符合文章的主旨。故选C。 全文翻译： 我坐在花园里参加朋友的生日聚会，口袋里传来一阵震动。看到邮件发件人姓名的瞬间，我的心跳骤然加速。邮件开头写道：“亲爱的格林先生，感谢您的关注”，“评审过程比预期更久”。而结尾那句“很遗憾地通知您……”让我视线模糊起来。那个职位——作为本科生研究项目的一部分，前往撒哈拉沙漠测量土壤质量——曾被我视为多年来苦苦寻觅的人生答案。 我为申请投入了大量时间和情感，因此这场拒绝让我以为自己的科学生涯已走到尽头。 然而不久后，项目负责人玛丽・德文教授竟邀请我去观摩她实验室的工作，这让我大为震惊。我立刻抓住了这个机会。几周后，当她邀请我探讨在实验室可参与的潜在项目时，我既震惊又欣喜若狂。她提出的项目似乎不如我最初申请的那样激动人心，但我决定全力以赴。 后来我与一位机器人学教授合作，研发从沙漠远程采集数据的技术。这个项目让我无需置身沙漠的酷热，在沙发上就能完成工作。它不仅挺过了疫情封锁，还在传统方法失效的领域发挥了作用。最终，我找到了新的科研兴趣方向。 申请研究生院时，我发现有三个项目有望让我追寻理想的研究方向。投递申请时，我再次体验到既焦虑又兴奋的心情。当其中一个看似完美契合的项目拒绝我时，失落感毋庸置疑。但这一次，我已拥有不同的视角，没有让自己陷入恐慌。幸运的是，我最终被另一所同样令我向往的院校录取了。 我渐渐明白，不必将计划刻成磐石。有时需要接纳眼前的机遇——即便当时看似不完美——并充分发掘其中的价值。 第四次阅读：短文填词，检验语法情况 1.had taken 考查动词时态。review process 发生在 "ended" 之前，即过去的过去，用过去完成时 had taken。 2. longest 考查形容词最高级。由 "years of searching" 可知，此处表 "最期待的"，用最高级 longest。 3. convinced 考查非谓语动词。过去分词作伴随状语，表 "我确信"，相当于 I was convinced that...。 4. who 考查定语从句。先行词为 Professor Mary Devon，指人，在从句中作主语，用 who 引导非限制性定语从句。 5. equally 考查词性转换。修饰形容词 astonished 用副词 equally，表示 "同样地惊讶"。 6. What 考查主语从句。引导词在从句中作 offered 的宾语，指物，用 What 引导主语从句。 7. completed 考查非谓语动词。过去分词作后置定语，project 与 complete 为被动关系，意为 "被完成的项目"。 8. aligning 考查非谓语动词。现在分词作后置定语，programmes 与 align 为主动关系，表 "与……一致的项目"。 9. What 考查主语从句。引导词在从句中作主语，指物，用 What 引导，意为 "有帮助的是..."。 10. their 考查代词。修饰名词 potential 用形容词性物主代词 their，指 "它们的潜力"。 相同主题重现 体会主题奥秘 第1篇 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究表明有同理心的人也擅长解码动物的声音。 1. D 题型：推理判断题 根据文章第一段“Are you good at interpreting other people’s emotions?Then there’s a good chance that you′re also good at understanding what animals try to say.(你善于解读别人的情绪吗?那么很有可能你也很擅长理解动物想说什么。)”接下来第二段讲述文章的主题“A new Danish-Swiss study published in the open journal Royal Society Open Science indicates that empathetic(能共情的)people are also good at decoding (解读)animal sounds.(发表在开放期刊《皇家学会开放科学》上的一项丹麦——瑞士联合研究表明，有同理心的人也擅长解码动物的声音。)”可知，作者通过提问来引出文章的主题。故选D。 2. B 题型：细节理解题 根据文章第二段“Other factors also improve your chance of communicating with animals—you are more likely to be animal-empathetic if you also work with animals,and the ability seems to peak in those aged 20-29 years old, according to the scientists.(其他因素也会增加你与动物交流的机会——如果你也和动物一起工作，你更有可能具有动物同理心，而且这种能力似乎在20-29岁的人身上达到顶峰。)”可知，一个25岁的有爱心的动物饲养员可能最能理解动物的情绪。故选B。 3. B 题型：推理判断题 根据文章第五段中"He started searching his neighbourhood for used appliances,metal and electronic items,such as computers and cellphones.He sorted the material and sold it to a local recycling centre."Word has gotten out,so people now will give me their used electronics and metal stuff,"he said.The recycling effort raises around $20,000 annually,which covers the cost of the lacrosse program.(他开始搜索自己的附近，寻找二手电器，金属和电子产品，例如计算机和手机。他对材料进行了分类，并将其卖给了当地的回收中心。他说：“消息已经出来了，所以人们现在会给我他们二手的电子和金属东西。”回收工作每年筹集约20,000美元，涵盖了曲棍网兜球计划的成本。)”可知，资金来源于回收物品。故选B。 4. A 题型：主旨大意题 根据文章主题段第二段“A new Danish-Swiss study published in the open journal Royal Society Open Science indicates that empathetic(能共情的)people are also good at decoding(解读)animal sounds.(发表在开放期刊《皇家学会开放科学》上的一项丹麦-瑞士联合研究表明，有同理心的人也擅长解码动物的声音)”可知，文章主要讲述的是有同理心的人也擅长解码动物的声音，A项Human empathy extends to animals(人类的同理心也延伸到了动物身上)合乎题意。故选A。 全文翻译： 你擅长解读他人的情绪吗？如果是，那么你很可能也擅长理解动物试图表达的内容。 丹麦与瑞士研究人员在开放期刊《英国皇家学会开放科学》发表的一项新研究表明，具备共情能力的人也善于解码动物的声音。科学家指出，其他因素也会提升与动物沟通的可能性——如果你从事与动物相关的工作，就更可能具备动物共情力，且这种能力在20至29岁人群中似乎最为突出。 哥本哈根大学理学院的行为生物学家埃洛迪·布里弗（Elodie Briefer）表示：“我们的研究结果显示，基于动物的声音，人类能够判断动物是否处于焦虑状态，以及其表达的情绪是积极还是消极。”“这一结论适用于多种哺乳动物。我们还发现，解读动物声音的能力取决于年龄、对动物的第一手认知，尤其是我们对他人的共情程度等因素。” 该研究基于48个国家1024名参与者的反馈。研究人员向他们播放了六种哺乳动物的声音：山羊、牛、家养马、亚洲野马、猪和野猪，同时还播放了演员录制的人类胡言乱语声。随后，参与者需要猜测这些声音表达的焦虑程度是高还是低，以及情绪是积极还是消极。测试结束后，参与者被要求进行一项同理心测试，衡量他们对人类的共情能力。“这是一项衡量对他人共情力的可靠测试，”埃洛迪·布里弗解释道，“我们发现它与解读动物声音的能力存在明显关联。” 第2篇 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者在追求药学学位的过程中，因对天文学的热爱和一次日食的经历，最终决定追随梦想，转行投身天文学的故事。 1. D 题型：细节理解题 根据第二段中的“But I was driven to pursue my education,and like my best friend's dad—a pharmacist,one of the few professional role model sin my neighborhood,therefore,I chose to major in pharmacy,the science of preparing medicines,at the University of North Carolina.(但我被驱使着追求我的教育，就像我最好的朋友的父亲——我们社区中少数几位职业楷模之一的药剂师那样，因此我选择了在北卡罗来纳大学主修药学，即调配药物的科学。)”可知，作者选择药学专业受到了她最好的朋友的父亲的影响。故选D项。 2. B 题型：细节理解题 根据第三段中的"I had met people with jobs and PhDs in different branches of science I had never considered—neuroscience,archaeology,and even astrophysics.Their passion and knowledge opened my eyes to worlds I had never imagined.(我遇到了从事不同科学分支工作的人们和博士，这些是我从未考虑过的领域——神经科学、考古学，甚至是天体物理学。他们的热情和知识打开了我对未曾想象过的世界的眼界。)”可知，进入大学后作者了解到更多的领域，而且从事这些不同学科的人的激情打开了作者的眼界，由此可知，大学的经历为作者打开了新思路。故选B项。 3. C 题型：推理判断题 根据尾段中的“Facing years of challenges and growth,I worked odd jobs before earning a second degree in physics,starting a PhD in astronomy,and realized that the night sky's vastness inspired me to overcome doubts and follow my dreams.(面对多年的挑战与成长，我在获得第二个学位——物理学学位之前做过各种临时工作，随后开始了天文学的博士学位学习，并意识到夜空的广袤激励我克服了疑虑，追随自己的梦想。)”以及下文的"It liberated me from allowing earthly worries,shame,or self-doubt to stand in the way of pursuing new dreams.(它使我摆脱了让尘世的忧虑、羞耻或自我怀疑阻碍追求新的梦想。)”可知，作者在获得第二学位后转到天文学博士学位学习，并且广袤的夜空帮助作者克服疑虑去追随自己的梦想，由此可知，作者认为尽管面临个人挑战，追求梦想是非常重要的。故选C项。 4. D 题型：推理判断题 根据第三段中的“In the weeks since I began my pharmacy degree,I had met people with jobs and PhDs indifferent branches of science I had never considered—neuroscience,archaeology,and even astrophysics.Their passion and knowledge opened my eyes to worlds I had never imagined.As my birthday and the Perseid meteor shower approached,I was faced with a decision:Should I stick to my long-standing plans or take a step into the unknown?(在我开始药学学位的几周里，我遇到了一些从事我从未考虑过的不同科学领域工作的人们——神经科学，考古学，甚至是天体物理学——他们中有拥有博士学位的专业人士。他们的热情和知识为我打开了通往未曾想象过的世界的大门。随着我的生日和英仙座流星雨的临近，我面临着一个抉择：我是应该坚持长期以来的计划，还是迈出一步进入未知的领域?)”可知，作者遇到了从事不同科学分支工作的人们，这些经历打开了她的眼界，体现了她对新知识和领域的探索欲，作者在生日时观看一年一度的英仙座流星雨，并开始思考自己对天文学的热爱是否可以超越爱好，这显示了她对宇宙的好奇心；结合尾段或者的"Facing years of challenges and growth,I worked odd jobs before earning a second degree in physics,starting a PhD in astronomy,and realized that the night sky's vastness inspired me to overcome doubts and follow my dreams.(面对多年的挑战与成长，我在获得第二个学位—物理学学位之前做过各种临时工作，随后开始了天文学的博士学位学习，并意识到夜空的广袤激励我克服了疑虑，追随自己的梦想。)”可知，作者意识到夜空的广袤激励她克服疑虑，追随梦想。这表明了她在追逐梦想道路上的坚定不移，综合以上信息可知，作者拥有一个既好奇又坚定的性格。故选D项。 全文翻译： 那是我的生日，我像往年一样庆祝——观看一年一度的英仙座流星雨。但当流星划过夜空时，身为高二女生的我突然开始思索：“我毕生对天文学的热爱，能否超越兴趣的范畴？” 我在一个小镇长大，那里许多学生甚至无法保证高中毕业。但我一心渴望求学，受最好朋友的父亲——一位药剂师（他是邻里为数不多的职业榜样之一）的影响，我选择在北卡罗来纳大学主修药学。 大学离家不过3.5小时车程，却感觉像是跨越了整个宇宙。攻读药学学位的几周里，我遇见了从事神经科学、考古学甚至天体物理学等从未涉猎领域的工作者和博士。他们的热情与学识为我打开了未曾想象的世界。随着生日和英仙座流星雨临近，我面临一个抉择：是坚持既定的长期规划，还是向未知迈出一步？ 最终，一场日食帮我做出了决定。当月球逐渐遮蔽太阳，周遭世界暗了下来。水面的静谧、鸟儿急促的啼鸣、渐逝的晚霞深深触动了我。我知道该怎么做了——从药学院退学，追寻此前未曾设想的可能。 在经历多年挑战与成长后，我打过零工，随后取得物理学第二学位，开始攻读天文学博士学位。我意识到，夜空的浩瀚一直激励我克服疑虑、追随梦想。如今临近博士学业最后一年，我才明白，与夜空相伴成长赠予我一份珍贵礼物——它让我洞悉生命：在浩瀚宇宙的尺度下，个人的需求、欲望、恐惧与不安都渺小到微不足道，这让人类得以联结。它将我从尘世的忧虑、羞愧与自我怀疑中解放，让我无畏追寻新梦想。 第3篇 本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了自我怀疑的产生、自我怀疑的利弊，以及适度自我怀疑的重要性等。 1. A 题型：细节理解题 根据第二段"It happens to us during normal days or whenever we are going to start a new job,a new task,or a new relationship.Anything new in life will make you somehow doubt yourself.(它发生在我们平常的日子里，或者每当我们要开始一份新工作，一项新任务，或一段新的关系。生活中的任何新事物都会让你怀疑自己。)”可知，在作者看来自我怀疑随时随地可能发生。故选A项。 2. C 题型：推理判断题 根据第三段"Self-doubt is when you are unsure about one or more parts of yourself.For example,when starting a new job,you might feel inexperienced or might think that you are not fit enough for the job,this is an example of self-doubt.(自我怀疑是指你对自己的一个或多个部分不确定。例如，当你开始一份新工作时，你可能会感到缺乏经验，或者认为自己不够适合这份工作，这就是自我怀疑的一个例子)”可推知，作者提到新工作的目的是举个自我怀疑开始的例子。故选C项。 3. B 题型：细节理解题 根据第四段“A low level of self-criticism is actually good for you.It motivates you and pushes you to be better in life,to become greater than yesterday.This type of feeling will push you to work harder and faster than before and will also increase your productivity,but it should be a low level of self-criticism.(低水平的自我批评实际上对你有好处。它激励你，推动你在生活中变得更好，变得比昨天更优秀。这种感觉会促使你比以前更努力、更快地工作，也会提高你的生产力，但这应该是一种低水平的自我批评)”可知，只有当你将自我怀疑保持在适当的水平时才是有益的。故选B项。 4. A 题型：主旨大意题 根据第一段“Going through life can be very challenging at times.When we were young,no one told us how hard it would be in the future.But here we are One of the biggest problems of adult life is having self-doubt.It is tiresome and can kill your confidence levels if not controlled from the get-go.(人生有时会充满挑战。当我们年轻的时候，没有人告诉我们未来会有多难。但我们在这里。成年人生活中最大的问题之一就是自我怀疑。如果从一开始就不加以控制，它会让人厌烦，而且会扼杀你的信心”提出自我怀疑的话题，文章二、三段集中讲述自我怀疑的弊端，第四段介绍其好处，第五段指出进行适当自我怀疑的重要性。由此可见，文章自始至终都在围绕着自我怀疑的利弊及其应对方法来展开，所以选项B Self-doubt and the Approach to It(自我怀疑及其方法)作为文章题目最为合适。故选B项。 全文翻译： 人生之路有时充满挑战。年少时，从没人告诉我们未来会有多艰难，但如今我们已然身处其中。成年人生活中最大的难题之一，便是自我怀疑。这种情绪令人疲惫，若不及时控制，会摧毁你的自信心。 我们都会经历自我怀疑，这很正常。无论是在寻常日子里，还是在开启新任务、新关系时——生活中任何新事物都会引发自我怀疑。这种感觉会将人拖入黑暗深渊，让人觉得一切都不顺遂，甚至萌生放弃的念头。而此时，正是需要坚强的时候。 有些人会将自我怀疑与其他情绪混淆。自我怀疑是对自身某方面或多方面的不确定。例如，开始一份新工作时，你可能觉得自己缺乏经验，或认为自己不够胜任这份工作，这便是自我怀疑的体现。 但自我怀疑并非全然有害。适度的自我批判其实对人有益，它能激励你、推动你在生活中变得更好，超越昨日的自己。这种情绪会促使你比以往更努力、更高效地工作，提升 productivity，但必须是“适度”的自我批判。不要因无法掌控的事情惩罚自己。 为了成为更好的自己，“严厉的爱”或许是不错的动力，但不必因此化身“训练教官”。过度批判自己实则弊大于利——这是我的切身体会。过度工作和对失败的恐惧，只会导致自我伤害。 第4篇 本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是通过坚持和自我信任，一位50岁的女性克服挑战并成功完成引体向上的经历，以及从中获得的关于支持和激励的重要启示。 1. A 题型：推理判断题 根据第二段中的“A burst of content sweeping over me.I felt strong and good.(一股满足感涌上心头，我感到自己强大而良好)”可知，作者有一股满足感涌上心头，由此可知，作者在尝试引体向上后感到满意。故选A项。 2. C 题型：细节理解题 根据第二段中的"He explained that most people couldn’t do them at all,and that he was impressed by what I could.(他解释说，大多数人根本做不了引体向上，而他对我的表现印象深刻。)”可知，教练对作者的表现印象深刻，由此可知，教练挥手是因为作者完成了大多数人无法做到的事情。故选C项。 3. B 题型：推理判断题 根据尾段中的"I've learned how crucial it is to support others and ourselves in our attempts and to let them know that we believe they can do it rather than telling them we think that they can’t(我认识到，在我们尝试的过程中，支持他人和自己是多么重要，并让他们知道我们相信他们能做到，而不是告诉他们我们认为他们做不到。)”可知，作者意识到支持他人和自己是多么重要，并让他们知道我们相信他们能做到，由此可知，作者建议激励和支持他人去实现目标。故选B项。 4. B 题型：主旨大意题 通读全文，尤其是尾段中的"To trust that we can do it and go on to accomplish exactly what we set out to do,as no one tells us we can't.I've learned how crucial it is to support others and ourselves in our attempts and to let them know that we believe they can do it rather than telling them we think that they can’t.(相信我们能够做到，并继续完成我们最初设定的目标，因为没有人告诉我们不能。我认识到，在尝试的过程中，支持他人和自己是多么重要，并让他们知道我们相信他们能做到，而不是告诉他们我们认为他们做不到。)”以及上文讲述的作者克服挑战，成功完成引体向上的经历可知，本文通过坚持和自我信任，作者成功做到了一件原本认为不可能的事情，所以题目“因为我相信我能”概括了文章讲述的主题内容，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。 全文翻译： 大约 6 个月前，我加入了一家健身房。每天早晨，那里都有一位私人教练在锻炼。与此同时，我所在的小团队也在进行训练。他总是以一种沉静的毅力完成日常训练，让一切看起来轻松自如，尽管我深知他实则练得极为投入。 几周前，我看着他做引体向上，便离开自己的小组问他能否让我试试 —— 我此前从未尝试过。他立刻侧身让开，热情地鼓励我走到单杠前。我不假思索地向上牵引身体，一次…… 然后两次，已是极限，浑身力气耗尽。我告诉他只能做到这里，他便走到我身后，帮我向上推了第三、第四次 “引体”。一阵强烈的满足感涌上心头，我从未感觉如此强健而自信。次日锻炼时，我再次请他辅助，又完成了两次；第三天亦是如此。起初我因只能做两个而沮丧，但第四天在健身房练完时，他站在那里向我挥手。我问他怎么了，他说我做的引体向上让他印象深刻。他解释道，多数人根本做不了，而我的表现已让他刮目相看。他还说，若每天练习，很快就能做到五六个。此刻我或许该补充说明 —— 我今年 50 岁…… 而且是女性。 如今我有了新的人生态度。亲身体验过这般天真无畏地尝试是何等美好：相信自己能做到，并最终达成目标，只因从未有人说过 “你不行”。我懂得了在自己与他人尝试时给予支持何其重要 —— 要让他们知道我们相信他们能做到，而非断言他们无法做到。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$