Unit 1 Section A 人与自我 相关题型训练-训练1 -2026届高三英语总复习系列题型专项复习

2025-2026学年度高三英语总复习系列题型专项复习 「Unit 1 阅读理解题型训练」 「Section A 人与自我 相关题型训练-训练1」 答 案 经典题目精读 把握最佳练习 第一次阅读：完成题目，按照考试节奏 本文是一篇议论文。文章首先通过作者与教授关于小说结局的讨论引发了对结局的思考，接着阐述了不同类型的文学作品结局的特点，最后提出了写作好的结局的重要性并介绍了《Writer’s Digest》杂志如何帮助作家写出更好的结尾。 1. A 题型：细节理解题 根据第一段”"I didn't like the ending,"I said to my favorite college professor.It was my junior year of undergraduate,and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature.I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot,and I was heartbroken with the ending.Prof.Gracie,with all his patience,asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not.(“我不喜欢这个结局，”我对我最喜欢的大学教授说。那是我大三的时候，我正在做一项关于维多利亚文学的独立研究。我刚刚读完乔治艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》,读到结尾我很伤心。格雷西教授耐心地让我考虑一下，不要只看我喜不喜欢)”可知，作者去找格雷西教授是为了讨论小说。故选A项。 2. C 题型：推理判断题 根据第二段"This was an aha moment for me,and I never thought about endings the same way again.From then on,if l wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy,I'd pick up a love romance.If I wanted an ending I couldn't guess,I d pick up a mystery(悬疑小说).One where l kind of knew what was going to happen,historical fiction.Choosing what to read became easier.(这对我来说是一个顿悟的时刻，我再也没有想过同样的结局。从那时起，如果我想读一个保证幸福的结局，我就会选一部爱情小说。如果我想要一个我猜不到的结局，我会选一本神秘小说。一种是我知道会发生什么,历史小说。选择读什么变得更容易了)”可知，见过格雷西教授后，作者意识到了每种类型的文学都有其独特的结局。故选C项。 3. B 题型：推理判断题 根据第三段“But writing the end—that's hard.It's hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers.You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable,but doesn't seem to come from nowhere,one that fits what's right for the characters.(但是写出结局——那很难。对作家来说很难，因为结局对读者来说意义重大。你必须平衡创造一个不可预测的结局，但这个结局又不能显得凭空而来，要适合角色的设定)”可知，人们对一个好结局的期望是结局又不能显得凭空而来，要适合角色的设定，也就是符合故事的发展。故选B项。 4. B 题型：推理判断题 根据倒数第二段“That's why this issue(期)of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you re doing.If it's short stories,Peter Mount ford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing.Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work.(这就是为什么这期《Writer s Digest》旨在帮助你找出如何为你正在写的任何类型的作品写出最好的结局。如果是短篇小说，彼得蒙特福德分解了六种技巧，你可以尝试看看哪一种能帮助你完美着陆。伊丽莎白西姆斯分析了五部伟大小说的最后几章，看看它们包含了哪些关键点，以及你如何将它们应用到你的作品中)”可知，作者提到彼得蒙福德和伊丽莎白·西姆斯是为了强调这期《Writer's Digest》的主题，即帮助读者写出更好的结尾。故选B项。 全文翻译： “我不喜欢这个结局。”我对我最喜欢的大学教授说道。那是我本科三年级，正在进行一项关于维多利亚文学的独立研究。我刚刚读完乔治·艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》，结局让我心碎不已。格雷西教授总是充满耐心，他让我跳出“喜欢与否”的框架去思考结局。他建议我去思考：我期望角色拥有的结局，与真正适合角色的结局有何不同；有些结局即便没有传统意义上的积极结果，却能让故事本身得以圆满。当然，我本希望汤姆和玛吉·塔利弗能有不同的结局，但他们最终的结局确实最符合人物的命运逻辑。 这一刻我豁然开朗，此后我对结局的看法彻底改变。从那以后，如果我想读一个必定圆满的结局，就会选择爱情小说；如果想读一个无法预判的结局，就会选择悬疑小说；而若想读一个大致能猜到走向的故事，便会选择历史小说。选择读什么变得容易多了。 但写结局——这很难。对作家而言，结局之所以难，是因为它在读者心中分量极重。你必须平衡好两者：既要让结局出人意料，又不能显得突兀；既要契合故事逻辑，又要符合角色的性格轨迹。 正因如此，本期《作家文摘》旨在帮助你找到方法，无论你在创作何种类型的作品，都能写出最佳结局。如果是短篇小说，彼得·蒙特福德会拆解六种技巧，你可以逐一尝试，找到助你完美收尾的那一种；伊丽莎白·西姆斯则分析了五部经典小说的结尾章节，解析其中的关键要素，以及如何将其应用到你的创作中。 本期不会告诉你结局应该是什么样——那取决于你和你要讲述的故事——但它或许能为你提供抵达终点所需的启示。 第四次阅读：短文填词，检验语法情况 1. during 考查介词。"during my junior year" 表示 "在大学三年级期间"，表时间范围用 during。 2. on 考查介词。"study on sth." 表示 "对某主题的研究"，固定搭配用 on。 3. heartbroken 考查形容词。此处为形容词短语作伴随状语，修饰主语I，故填 heartbroken。 4. those 考查代词。指代前文 "endings"，避免重复用 those 替代复数名词。 5. inevitably 考查词性转换。修饰形容词 tied 需用副词，故填 inevitably。 6. completely 考查词性转换。修饰动词 shifted 需用副词，故填 completely。 7. with 考查介词。"carry weight with sb." 表示 "对某人有重要性"，固定搭配用 with。 8. in 考查介词。"be rooted in" 表示 "扎根于"，固定短语用 in。 9. to adapt 考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式作后置定语，修饰 elements，表 "可供改编的要素"，故填 to adapt。 10. inevitable 考查词性转换。修饰名词 choices 需用形容词，故填 inevitable。 相同主题重现 体会主题奥秘 第1篇 这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了Antifragile这本书，以及这本书给人们带来的关于韧性和稳定性的挑战。 1. A 题型：细节理解题 根据第一段"The book delves into various subjects,including education,politics,economics,health,business,science and risk,providing valuable insights and a deeper understanding of these complex topics.(这本书探讨了不同的话题，包括教育、政治、经济、健康、商业、科学和风险，提供了有价值的见解，以及对这些复杂话题的深入理解。)”可知，作者极力推荐Antiragile是因为这本书提供了对不同领域复杂性的深刻见解，故选C项。 2. B 题型：细节理解题 据第二段“Antifragile builds on the ideas presented in Nassim Taleb's earlier books,The Black Swan and Fooled by Randomness.(Antifragile建立在Nassim Taleb早期著作《黑天鹅》和《随机漫步的傻瓜》中提出的观点之上。)”以及第三段“While those books focus on “black swans”—rare and unpredictable events that have a significant impact,Antifragile further discusses the idea of antifragility and offers solutions to identify,build and benefit from antifragility in every aspect of life.(虽然这两本书关注的是“黑天鹅”——具有重大影响的罕见且不可预测的事件，但Antifragile进一步讨论了反脆弱性的概念，并提供了在生活的各个方面识别、构建和受益于反脆弱性的解决方案。)”可知，Antifragile和Taleb早期著作之间的关系是它扩展了它们的观点，故选B项。 3. D 题型：细节理解题 根据第四段“Taleb defines complex systems as systems composed of interconnected and inter dependent parts that exhibit nonlinear behavior.These systems a characterized by high uncertainty,volatility,and non-predictability an are often difficult to understand and control.(Taleb将复杂系统定义为由相互联系和相互依赖的部分组成的系统，这些部分表现出非线性行为。这些系统的特点是高度不确定性、易变性和不可预测性，通常难以理解和控制。)”可知，Taleb认为复杂系统的特征是重大的不可预测性，故选D项。 4. D 题型：推理判断题 根据第一段"I highly recommend Antifragile to any student or practitioner of business management,risk management,or anyone with a curious mind and a keen interest in understanding complex human systems.(我强烈推荐Antifragile给任何商业管理、风险管理的学生或从业者，或者任何对理解复杂的人类系统有好奇心和浓厚兴趣的人。)”以及最后一段“Overall,Antifragile is a thought-provoking and influential work that challenges readers to rethink their assumptions about resilience.(总的来说，Antifragile是一部发人深省且有影响力的作品，它促使读者重新思考他们对韧性的假设。)”及文章其他段落内容可知作者自始至终都在很热心地介绍并强烈推荐Antifragile这本书，因为作者认为这是一部发人深省且有影响力的作品，由此可推测这篇文章的基调是热情的，故选D项。 全文翻译： 我强烈向任何学习商业管理、风险管理的学生或从业者，以及任何拥有好奇心、渴望理解复杂人类系统的人推荐《反脆弱》。这本书深入探讨了教育、政治、经济、健康、商业、科学和风险等多个领域，为理解这些复杂议题提供了宝贵洞见与深层思考。 《反脆弱》建立在纳西姆·塔勒布此前著作《黑天鹅》和《随机漫步的傻瓜》的理论基础之上。在《黑天鹅》中，核心聚焦于罕见事件的极端影响，以及人类预测与预判能力的局限性；《随机漫步的傻瓜》则强调随机性与运气在生活和商业结果中的作用，以及区分真正能力与运气的难度。 尽管前两部作品主要围绕“黑天鹅”——即具有重大影响的罕见且不可预测事件，《反脆弱》则进一步探讨了“反脆弱性”的概念，并提供了方法论，帮助人们在生活的各个层面识别、构建反脆弱性并从中获益。 《反脆弱》中探讨的核心新议题之一是：部分系统和个体能从压力源与干扰中获益，而另一些则会因此受损。塔勒布将复杂系统定义为“由相互关联、相互依存的部分组成，并呈现非线性行为的系统”。这类系统的特征是高度不确定性、波动性与不可预测性，往往难以被理解和控制。 此外，塔勒布将“复杂性”定义为“系统因各部分间的交互关系，导致无法通过局部认知推断整体行为或结果的属性”。他提出，复杂性源于系统各部分间的互动与关联，且这是许多自然系统与人为系统（如经济、社会和生态系统）的根本特征。 总体而言，《反脆弱》是一部发人深省且具有影响力的作品，它挑战读者重新思考关于韧性与稳定性的固有认知。 第2篇 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在纽约通勤期间，从尝试解字谜到决心自己创作字谜，并最终在《纽约时报》上发表的经历，体现了坚持与努力的重要性。 1. D 题型：细节理解题 根据第一段最后一句"However,after noticing thatallof The New York Times puzles had bylines,I figured,"Why couldn't one of them be mine?"(然而，在注意到《纽约时报》上的所有字谜都有作者署名后，我想：“为什么不能有一个是我的呢?”)”可知，作者决心成为一名更好的解谜者是因为他想自己创作填字游戏。故选D项。 2. B 题型：推理判断题 根据第二段中“Several weeks later,I received an email from a staffer writing on behalf of editor Will Shortz. His answer was basically,"Thanks,but no thanks."What's worse,I received nearly the same rejection from Shortz and his colleagues for the next several puzzles I submitted.(几周后，我收到了一封由编辑威尔·肖茨的助手代写的电子邮件。他的回答基本上是：“谢谢，但不用了。”更糟糕的是，我提交的接下来的几个字谜几乎都收到了肖茨和他的同事同样的拒绝)”可知，作者连续遭到回绝，由此推知作者对于回复感到沮丧。故选B项。 3. C 题型：推理判断题 根据第一段中“So when I started my cross wording again during those long trips,I was determined to become a better solver.(所以当我在那些长途旅行中再次开始解字谜时，我决心成为一名更好的解谜者)”以及第三段中“After making some edits for my 21×21 grid at Mark's suggestion,I sent the puzzle off to The New York Times.A few months later,I got something new in my inbox:an actual acceptance message from The New York Times!(在马克的建议下，我对我的21×21网格做了一些编辑后，我把这个字谜寄给了《纽约时报》。几个月后，我的收件箱里收到了一条新消息：《纽约时报》发来的实际录用通知!)”可知，作者在创作填字游戏的过程中，虽然多次被拒绝，但并未放弃，而是继续努力，最终成功在《纽约时报》上发表了自己的作品，这体现了作者的决心和毅力。故选C项。 4. C 题型：推理判断题 根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段"Now I’ve made a lot in my spare time.Even if constructing a puzzle feels like an impossible task from time to time,it's probably not.Very few things in life are truly impossible.(现在我在业余时间做了很多。即使偶尔觉得构建一个字谜像是一项不可能完成的任务，但它可能并不是。生活中很少有事情是真正不可能的)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者通过不懈努力，最终实现了自己的目标，这体现了“有志者事竟成”的道理。故选C项。 全文翻译： 2012年我搬到新泽西州北部，在曼哈顿中城找了份软件测试工程师的工作，突然发现自己每天要坐一小时公交通勤。此前我玩报纸填字游戏多年，但一直缺乏耐心，水平也欠佳。于是当漫长通勤途中重新拾起填字游戏时，我下定决心要成为更厉害的解题者。然而注意到《纽约时报》所有谜题都有作者署名后，我突然冒出念头：“为什么不能有一个署名是我的？” 我买了填字游戏制作软件和一本收录有效词条的字典，从一张空白的15×15方格开始创作。在反复研读自己的谜题后，我觉得它已臻完善，便将其寄给《纽约时报》，然后焦灼地等待回复。几周后，我收到一位员工代表编辑威尔·肖尔茨发来的邮件，核心内容只有一句：“谢谢，但我们不需要。”更糟的是，接下来提交的几版谜题，我几乎收到了肖尔茨及其同事如出一辙的拒信。 后来我发现了Facebook上的“填字游戏合作名录”小组，在那里结识了更有经验的创作者马克，他成了我的导师。根据马克的建议修改完21×21的方格谜题后，我再次将其投给《纽约时报》。几个月后，收件箱里出现了从未有过的惊喜——一封来自《纽约时报》的正式录用通知！他们对部分线索做了更直白的调整，但无论如何，我的努力终于有了回报。我自然迫不及待地告诉所有亲友，让他们在2021年3月21日谜题刊登当天买份报纸。 如今我在业余时间创作了大量谜题。尽管有时会觉得创作谜题难如登天，但事实或许并非如此——生活中真正不可能的事，其实少之又少。 第3篇 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者求职时因为申请中的一个拼写错误未能获得心仪的校对工作，面对同事的打趣，作者以轻松愉快的心态应对，并从中领悟了自嘲式幽默的力量的故事。 1. B 题型：推理判断题 根据第二段中的“Our company was moving to a far-off location,and many of us,with ties here,started looking for new jobs.(相反，让网络再次让你的头脑平静下来。它们过去了)”可知，作者不愿意去搬迁后的公司工作是因为在当地有诸多联系，也就是在当地扎根很深。故选B。 2. D 题型：细节理解题 根据第五段中的"The reason? I had misspelled "proofreader" as “roofreader” in my application.(我没有得到那份工作。原因?我在申请表中将“校对员”拼错为“屋顶阅读器”)”可知，作者没得到校对工作是因为作者在申请中把“proofreader”这个单词拼写错了。故选D。 3. A 题型：推理判断题 根据倒数第二段中的“I would always laugh along with them,joining in the fun and even coming up with some smart comebacks.(我总是和他们一起笑，加入乐趣，甚至想出一些聪明的回归)”可推知，作者对同事的调侃持轻松态度，不仅一起笑还能巧妙回应。故选A。 4. A 题型：主旨大意题 通读全文，尤其是第一段的“I firmly believe that the ability to laugh at oneself is fundamental to the toughness of the human spirit.This belief was put to the test in an unforgettable experience during my job-hunting journey.(我坚信，自嘲的能力是人类精神坚韧的基础。这一信念在我求职过程中的一次难忘经历中得到了检验)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者求职时因为申请中的一个拼写错误未能获得心仪的校对工作，面对同事的打趣，作者以轻松愉快的心态应对，并从中领悟了自嘲式幽默的力量的故事。A选项"Learn to Laugh at Yourself(学会自嘲)”符合主旨。故选A。 全文翻译： 我坚信，自嘲的能力是人类精神韧性的基石。这一信念在我求职历程中一次难忘的经历中经受了考验。 当时公司即将搬迁至偏远地区，许多与本地有牵绊的同事开始另寻工作。我申请了一个校对员职位 —— 自幼我就对拼写错误极度敏感，深知即便是最先进的语法软件也无法捕捉所有细微差错，比如混淆 “discrete”（离散的）和 “discreet”（谨慎的）这类问题。我对自己的申请信心十足，同事们尤其是朱莉和 Yan 都笃定我能拿下这份工作。 与此同时，办公室里人事更迭不断：朱莉在别处找到了兼职，格雷格成了超市主管，玛克辛开始自主创业，而我只能焦灼地等待消息。 终于，那封期待已久的邮件来了。我心头涌上焦虑，迟迟不敢点开。在内心挣扎片刻后，才鼓起勇气点击阅读。读着邮件内容，我先是震惊，随即却出人意料地大笑起来。 我并未获得这份工作。原因何在？我在求职申请中将 “proofreader”（校对员）错拼成了 “roofreader”（屋顶校对员）。这真是极具讽刺意味的一幕 —— 一心想成为校对员的人，却犯了如此明显的错误。 所幸后来我找到了一份合适的工作，尽管并非从事校对。此后数周，同事们总忍不住拿这事打趣我。他们会问：“最近读过什么好‘屋顶’吗？” 或是开玩笑：“你的任务怎么又晚了？又在‘校对屋顶’吗？” 我总是跟着他们一起笑，不仅乐在其中，甚至还能想出几句巧妙的回应。 在我的送别派对上，他们送来的蛋糕果然做成了屋顶的形状。我深深感动于他们的贴心 —— 用幽默的方式纪念我们共度的时光。这段经历让我明白：不必把自己看得太重，而自我调侃的幽默力量何其珍贵。 第4篇 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者参加高中同学会，通过释怀过去的伤痛，重获快乐和自信的故事。 1. D 题型：推理判断题 根据第五段“Then I got an invitation to my fortieth high school reunion.I didn't like high school,but I wanted to go back and tell those boys off.I wanted to tell them how hurtful and unkind they were.And I wanted to show them they were wrong.I had a husband,a family and all the things they'd made me feel I wasn't worthy of.(然后我收到了我第四十次高中同学会的邀请。我不喜欢高中，但我想回去告诉那些男孩。我想告诉他们他们有多伤人、多不友善。我想让他们知道他们错了。我有一个丈夫，一个家庭，还有所有那些他们让我觉得我不配拥有的东西”可知，作者决定参加40周年高中同学会是为了对抗那些伤害过她的男孩，并向他们展示她的价值。故选D。 2. D 题型：细节理解题 根据倒数第二段“Back home,our senior fitness instructor noticed that I was wearing a new T-shirt."You are really rock in that shirt,"she said.(回家后，我们的高级健身教练注意到我穿了一件新T恤。“你这件T恤穿得太棒了，”她说。我笑了。她以前也这么说过，但这次我相信了)”可知，健身教练的赞美第一次被作者真正接受。故选D。 3. C 题型：推理判断题 根据倒数第三段"It was pointless to hold a grudge(怨恨)against people l couldn't even recognize.I was only hurting myself by replaying those memories in my mind.I knew I needed to forgive.A dark sorrow lifted from my soul I felt happier,more self-confident and attractive.(对那些我甚至都认不出来的人怀恨在心是毫无意义的。我只是在脑海中重复那些回忆来伤害自己。我知道我需要原谅。一种深深的悲伤从我的灵魂中消散。我感到更快乐，更自信，更有吸引力)”可知，作者在同学会后感到如释重负和自信。故选C。 4. A 题型：主旨大意题 根据全文内容，尤其是倒数第三段Back home, our senior fitness instructor noticed that I was wearing a new T-shirt. “You are really rockin’ that shirt,” she said.(我知道我需要原谅。一种深深的悲伤从我的灵魂中消散。我感到更快乐，更自信，更有吸引力)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者通过原谅过去伤害过她的人，释放了内心的痛苦，变得更加快乐和自信。因此，最好的标题是“释怀的力量”。故选A。 全文翻译： 那段楼梯的影像始终在我脑海中挥之不去。距离高中毕业已过去四十年，它却依然萦绕在记忆深处。 当年男生们总会坐在楼梯两侧，在女生经过时对我们评头论足。若觉得哪个女生“奇丑无比”，他们就会发出狗吠般的叫声。每次上下楼梯，那些“汪汪”的叫声和哄笑声总会在我耳边回荡。 “别理他们。”母亲这样劝我。表面上我确实做到了，但内心深处，“我很丑陋”的刺痛感早已扎根灵魂。 后来我顺利毕业，考入西海岸的大学，终于离开科罗拉多的小镇。我取得传播学学位，成为一名作家兼教师，事业顺遂，还组建了家庭，养育了两个出色的儿子。可每当照镜子时，那些疑虑总会卷土重来。 直到收到四十年同学聚会的邀请。我本不喜欢高中时光，但此刻却想回去痛斥那些男生——想告诉他们当年的言行有多伤人，想让他们知道自己错得有多离谱。我拥有了丈夫、家庭，以及所有曾被他们判定为“我不配拥有”的一切。 此后买菜、做饭、参加老年健身操时，我都在心里演练演讲稿。九月，我驱车回到高中所在的小镇，穿上最爱的衬衫，补好妆容，鼓足勇气参加周五晚的开场酒会。 或许人最先遗忘的就是记忆。当晚，人们手持酒杯礼貌地问候我，说着“你一点都没变”之类的恭维话。我盯着对方的脸，端详姓名牌上的毕业照，却大多毫无印象。 难道我已将那段人生彻底从记忆中抹去？难道我来错了聚会？并非如此——有人记得我母亲曾是她们的女童子军领队，还有人对身为本地大学教授的父亲赞不绝口。准备好的演讲稿在唇边渐渐“枯萎”，取而代之的是轻松聊着在西雅图生活的两个成年儿子，以及为波音员工撰写简历的工作。人们都很友善，但除了几位老友，我感觉自己像在与陌生人交谈。 对连面孔都记不清的人怀恨在心，实在毫无意义。反复咀嚼那些记忆，不过是在伤害自己。我知道自己需要原谅。当这样想时，心头的阴霾随之散去，我感到前所未有的轻松、自信与魅力。 回到家，老年健身班的教练注意到我穿了件新T恤：“你穿这件T恤太酷了！”她笑着说。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年度高三英语总复习系列题型专项复习 「Unit 1 阅读理解题型训练」 「Section A 人与自我 相关题型训练-训练1」 经典题目精读 把握最佳练习 第一次阅读：完成题目，按照考试节奏 2024年全国甲卷 英语高考真题 “I didn’t like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor. It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not. He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome. Of course, I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them. This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance. If I wanted an ending I couldn’t guess, I’d pick up a mystery (悬疑小说). One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. Choosing what to read became easier. But writing the end — that’s hard. It’s hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters. That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing. If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work. This issue won’t tell you what your ending should be — that’s up to you and the story you’re telling — but it might provide what you need to get there. 1. Why did the author go to Prof. Gracie? A．To discuss a novel. B．To submit a book report. C．To argue for a writer. D．To ask for a reading list. 2. What did the author realize after seeing Gracie? A．Writing is a matter of personal preferences. B．Readers are often carried away by character. C．Each type of literature has its unique end. D．A story which begins well will end well. 3. What is expected of a good ending? A．It satisfies readers’ taste. B．It fits with the story development. C．It is usually positive. D．It is open for imagination. 4. Why does the author mention Peter Mountford and Elizabeth Sims? A．To give examples of great novelists. B．To stress the theme of this issue. C．To encourage writing for the magazine. D．To recommend their new books. 第二次阅读：识记单词，掌握英语基础 1. undergraduate n. 本科生 例句：It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. 翻译：那是我本科三年级，正在进行一项关于维多利亚文学的独立研究。 2. Victorian adj. 维多利亚时代的 例句：It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. 翻译：那是我本科三年级，正在进行一项关于维多利亚文学的独立研究。 3. heartbroken adj. 心碎的 例句：I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. 翻译：我刚读完乔治・艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》，被结局弄得心碎不已。 4. patience n. 耐心 例句：...endings that satisfied the story even if they didn't have a traditionally positive outcome. 翻译：……那些即使没有传统意义上的积极结局，却能让故事自洽的结尾。 5. outcome n. 结果 例句：From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I'd pick up a love romance. 翻译：从那以后，如果我想读一个必定圆满的结局，就会拿起一本爱情小说。 6. guaranteed adj. 有保证的 例句：From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I'd pick up a love romance. 翻译：从那以后，如果我想读一个必定圆满的结局，就会拿起一本爱情小说。 7. romance n. 浪漫小说 例句：...if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I'd pick up a love romance. 翻译：……如果我想读一个必定圆满的结局，就会拿起一本爱情小说。 8. mystery n. 悬疑小说 例句：If I wanted an ending I couldn't guess, I'd pick up a mystery. 翻译：如果我想读一个猜不透的结局，就会选择悬疑小说。 9. historical adj. 历史的 例句：One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. 翻译：如果想读一个大致能猜到结局的故事，就选历史小说。 10. balance v. 平衡 例句：...creating an ending that's unpredictable, but doesn't seem to come from nowhere... 翻译：……创作出一个出人意料却又不显得突兀的结局…… 11. unpredictable adj. 不可预测的 例句：...creating an ending that's unpredictable, but doesn't seem to come from nowhere... 翻译：……创作出一个出人意料却又不显得突兀的结局…… 12. technique n. 技巧 例句：Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. 翻译：彼得・芒特福德拆解了六种你可以尝试的技巧，看看哪种能帮你写好结尾。 13. analyze v. 分析 例句：Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include... 翻译：伊丽莎白・西姆斯分析了五部经典小说的结局章节，探究其中包含的关键点…… 14. adapt v. 改编；适应 例句：...what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work. 翻译：……它们包含哪些关键点，以及你如何将其改编应用到自己的创作中。 15. issue n. （期刊的）期号 例句：That's why this issue of Writer's Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending... 翻译：正因如此，本期《作家文摘》旨在帮助你琢磨如何写出最佳结局…… 第三次阅读：精读文章，寻觅佳句好句 1. 复合从句嵌套句（定语从句+宾语从句+状语从句） Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not, suggesting I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome. 语法分析 （1）主干结构：Prof. Gracie asked me to think about it（主谓双宾结构）； （2）修饰成分： “with all his patience” 为介词短语作状语； “whether I liked it or not” 是宾语从句，作 beyond 的宾语； “suggesting...” 为现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中嵌套三个定语从句： “that I wanted for the characters”（修饰 endings）； “that were right for the characters”（同上）； “that satisfied the story...”（修饰endings，且内含 even if 引导的让步状语从句）。 2. 条件状语从句+并列结构 From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance; if I wanted an ending I couldn’t guess, I’d pick up a mystery; one where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. 语法分析： （1）并列结构：由两个 if 条件句（前两句）和一个省略句（第三句，完整为 “if I wanted an ending where I kind of knew..., I’d pick up historical fiction”）构成排比，句式工整； （2）省略技巧：第三句省略重复的 “if I wanted an ending”，直接用“one where...” 替代，避免冗余； （3）非谓语与从句：“guaranteed to be happy” 为过去分词作定语，“I couldn’t guess” 为省略 that 的定语从句（修饰 ending），“where I kind of knew...” 为 where 引导的定语从句（修饰one，即ending）。 3. 读后续写好句积累与背诵（适用于故事结尾升华） This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. 这对我而言是顿悟的一刻，从那以后，我对“结局”的看法再也不同了。 可用于读后续写中主角经历事件后的认知转折，如 “After struggling for days, this conversation became her aha moment, and she never viewed challenges the same way again.”（挣扎多日后，这次对话成为她的顿悟时刻，从此她对挑战的看法彻底改变）。 第四次阅读：短文填词，检验语法情况 "I didn’t like the ending," I said to my favorite college professor 1. _______________ my junior year of undergraduate. I was doing an independent study 2. ___________ Victorian literature and had just finished The Mill on the Floss, 3. _____________ (heartbreak) over its conclusion. Prof. Gracie urged me to look beyond personal preference, asking me to consider the difference between endings I wanted for characters and 4. ________ that suited their stories—endings that satisfied the narrative even without traditional happiness. Though I longed for a different fate for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, their ending was logically 5. ____________ (inevitable) tied to their journeys.​ This realization shifted my perspective on endings 6. ____________ (complete). I began choosing books based on desired ending types: love romances for guaranteed happiness, mysteries for unpredictability, and historical fiction for endings I could partially anticipate. The act of selecting reading material became more intentional.​ Crafting endings, however, remains challenging for writers. Endings carry immense weight 7. ____________ readers, requiring a balance between surprise and plausibility. An effective ending must feel both unexpected and rooted 8. ____________ the story’s logic, loyal to the characters’ development.​ This issue of Writer’s Digest aims to assist writers in navigating this challenge. Peter Mountford dissects six techniques for short stories, helping authors "stick the landing," while Elizabeth Sims analyzes final chapters of classic novels to identify key elements 9. ____________ (adapt) for modern work. The magazine won’t dictate your ending—it respects the unique bond between a writer, their story, and the 10. ____________ (inevitable) personal choices that shape a narrative’s conclusion. 相同主题重现 体会主题奥秘 1. 2025年浙江六校联盟模拟 I highly recommend Antifragile to any student or practitioner of business management, risk management, or anyone with a curious mind and a keen interest in understanding complex human systems. The book delves into various subjects, including education, politics, economics, health, business, science, and risk, providing valuable insights and a deeper understanding of these complex topics. Antifragile builds on the ideas presented in Nassim Taleb’s earlier books, The Black Swan and Fooled by Randomness. In The Black Swan, the focus was on the extreme impact of rare events and the limitations of human predictions and forecasting. Fooled by Randomness emphasizes the role of randomness and luck in life and business outcomes as well as the difficulty of distinguishing between actual skill and luck. While those books focus on “black swans” — rare and unpredictable events that have a significant impact, Antifragile further discusses the idea of antifragility and offers solutions to identify, build and benefit from antifragility in every aspect of life. One of the main new topics addressed in Antifragile is that some systems and individuals benefit from stressors and disruptions (干扰) while others are harmed by them. Taleb defines complex systems as systems composed of interconnected and interdependent parts that exhibit nonlinear (非线性) behavior. These systems are characterized by high uncertainty, volatility (波动性), and non-predictability and are often difficult to understand and control. Besides, Taleb defines complexity as the property of a system that makes it hard to predict its behaviour or outcomes based on knowledge of its parts. He argues that complexity emerges from the interactions and relationships between the parts of a system and that it’s a fundamental characteristic of many natural and human-made systems, including economies, societies, and ecosystems. Overall, Antifragile is a thought-provoking and influential work that challenges readers to rethink their assumptions about resilience and stability. 1. Why does the author highly recommend the book Antifragile? A．It provides practical tips for student and practitioner readers. B．It concentrates on business and risk management strategies. C．It offers deep insights into complexity across diverse fields. D．It simplifies complex topics into understandable summaries. 2. What is the relationship between Antifragile and Taleb’s earlier books? A．It contradicts their ideas. B．It expands on their perspectives. C．It disputes their concepts. D．It addresses comparable subjects. 3. What is a characteristic of complex systems according to Taleb? A．Stable outcomes. B．Straightforward interactions. C．Absolute certainty. D．Significant unpredictability. 4. What is the tone of the passage? A．Dismissive. B．Neutral. C．Skeptical. D．Enthusiastic. 2. 2025年湖南永州高三模拟 When I moved to northern New Jersey in 2012 and took a software test engineering job in midtown Manhattan, I suddenly found myself with an hour-long bus commute. I’d solved newspaper crossword puzzles for many years, but I had little patience and wasn’t very good. So when I started my crosswording again during those long trips, I was determined to become a better solver. However, after noticing that all of The New York Times puzzles had bylines, I figured, “Why couldn’t one of them be mine?” I bought crossword construction software and a dictionary of valid crossword puzzle entries. I started with a blank 15x15 grid. After reading, rereading, and more rereading of my puzzle, I decided that it was as good as it was ever going to be. So I sent it off to The Times and anxiously waited for their response. Several weeks later, I received an email from a staffer writing on behalf of editor Will Shortz. His answer was basically, “Thanks, but no thanks.” What’s worse, I received nearly the same rejection from Shortz and his colleagues for the next several puzzles I submitted. Then I found my way to the Crossword Puzzle Collaboration Directory group on Facebook. In the group I connected with Mark, a more experienced constructor who became my teacher. After making some edits for my 21x21 grid at Mark’s suggestion, I sent the puzzle off to The New York Times. A few months later, I got something new in my inbox: an actual acceptance message from The New York Times! They changed some of the clues to be more straightforward. Anyway, my hard work finally paid off. Naturally, I told all my friends and family to get a copy of the paper on the publication date, March 21, 2021. Now I’ve made a lot in my spare time. Even if constructing a puzzle feels like an impossible task from time to time, it’s probably not. Very few things in life are truly impossible. 1. Why was the author determined to become a better solver? A．Because the author likes the hour-long bus commute. B．Because the author wants to create a construction software. C．Because the author thinks the word games is too challenging. D．Because the author wants to create crossword puzzles by himself. 2. What can we know from Paragraph 2? A．The author feels overjoyed. B．The author feels down about the response. C．The editor anxiously waited for their response. D．The author doesn’t want to wait for the response . 3. Which word can be used to describe the author? A．Independent B．Hospitable C．Determined D．Cultured 4. What can we learn from the author’s story ? A．Education is the key to success B．Time and tide wait for no man. C．Where there is a will, there is a way. D．A friend in need is a friend indeed. 3. 2025年河南八市联考高三模拟 I firmly believe that the ability to laugh at oneself is fundamental to the toughness of the human spirit. This belief was put to the test in an unforgettable experience during my job-hunting journey. Our company was moving to a far-off location, and many of us, with ties here, started looking for new jobs. I applied for a proofreader (校对员) position. Since childhood, I’ve been extremely sensitive to spelling mistakes. I knew well that even the most advanced grammar software couldn’t catch all the minor mistakes, such as confusing “discrete” with “discreet”. I was quite confident in my application, and my colleagues, especially Julie and Yan, were certain I would get the job. In the meantime, changes were happening around the office. Julie landed a part-time job elsewhere, Greg became a supermarket supervisor, and Maxine started her own business. I, however, was left waiting anxiously for news. Finally, the long-awaited email arrived. Flooded with anxiety, I was hesitant to open it. After a moment of internal struggle, I gathered the courage to click. As I read the email, I was shocked at first, but then, unexpectedly, I burst into laughter. I hadn’t got the job. The reason? I had misspelled "proofreader" as “roofreader” in my application. It was a truly ironic (讽刺的) situation. Despite my strong desire to be a proofreader, I made such an obvious mistake. Thankfully, I eventually found a suitable job, though not in proofreading. For weeks after, my colleagues couldn’t resist making fun of me. They would ask, “Read any good roofs lately?” or joke, “Why is your assignment late? Were you roofreading again?” I would always laugh along with them, joining in the fun and even coming up with some smart comebacks. At my goodbye party, the cake they presented was, unsurprisingly, in the shape of a roof. I was truly touched by their thoughtfulness and the way they used humor to celebrate our time together. This experience taught me the importance of not taking myself too seriously and the power of self-teasing (自我调侃) humor. 1. Why was the author unwilling to work at the relocated company? A．He has found a better job. B．He had deep roots in the local area. C．He was attached to the old company. D．He was afraid of being laughed at. 2. What made the author fail to get the proofreader position? A．Lack of real competence. B．Advanced grammar software. C．Colleagues’ wrong prediction. D．A spelling error in application. 3. How did the author feel about the colleagues’ teasing? A．Light-hearted. B．Annoyed. C．Embarrassed. D．Indifferent. 4. What’s the best title for the text? A．Learn to Laugh at Yourself B．A Road to Realization C．A Call of Transformation D．Face the Challenges in Life 4. 2025年北京朝阳高三模拟 The image of that staircase never left my mind. It had been forty years since I graduated high school, but the staircase haunted my memories. Boys would sit on both sides of the staircase, rating the girls as we walked by. If they thought a girl was really ugly, they barked. Every time I walked up or down those stairs, the barks, woofs, and laughter rang in my ears. “Just ignore them,” my mother advised. And I did. On the surface. But inside the painful message that I was ugly rooted deep into my soul. Eventually, I graduated, got accepted to college on the West Coast, and left small-town Colorado behind me. I earned a degree in Communications, launched a rewarding career as a writer and teacher, got married, and raised two amazing boys. But when I looked in the mirror, the doubts returned. Then I got an invitation to my fortieth high school reunion. I didn’t like high school, but I wanted to go back and tell those boys off. I wanted to tell them how hurtful and unkind they were. And I wanted to show them they were wrong. I had a husband, a family and all the things they’d made me feel I wasn’t worthy of. I practiced my speech in my mind as I ran errands (差事), cooked dinner, and exercised at senior aerobics. In September, I drove down to the town where I’d spent my high school years. I put on my favorite blouse, touched up my make-up, and steeled myself for the Friday night opening reception. Maybe it’s true that memory is the first thing to go. On the night, people greeted me politely, drinks in hand, flattering me with “You haven’t changed at all.” I’d look at the face and study the nametag with the graduation photo, but it didn’t ring a bell most of the time. Had I completely erased that whole period of my life from my memory? Was I at the wrong reunion? No, some women remembered my mother being their Girl Scout leader. Others had kind things to say about my father, a local college professor. My planned speech wilted (枯萎) on my lips. Instead, I chatted breezily about my two grown sons, living in Seattle, and writing résumés for Boeing workers. People were nice enough, but aside from a couple of friends, I felt like I was talking to strangers. It was pointless to hold a grudge (怨恨) against people I couldn’t even recognize. I was only hurting myself by replaying those memories in my mind. I knew I needed to forgive. A dark sorrow lifted from my soul. I felt happier, more self-confident and attractive. Back home, our senior fitness instructor noticed that I was wearing a new T-shirt. “You are really rockin’ that shirt,” she said. I smiled. She’d said that before, but this time I believed it. 1. Why did the author decide to attend the 40th high school reunion? A．To meet her old teachers. B．To prove her career success. C．To apologize for past misunderstandings. D．To confront hurtful boys and show her worth. 2. What can we learn from this passage? A．The author fought against her bullies directly. B．The reunion attendees were mostly strangers. C．The author’s career success healed her trauma. D．The instructor’s compliment was first genuinely embraced. 3. What can be inferred about the author’s feelings after the high school reunion? A．Confused and sad. B．Angry and proud. C．Relieved and confident. D．Disappointed and regretful. 4. Which is the best title for the passage? A．The Power of Letting Go B．A Surprising Reunion Letter C．Finding Friends in Strangers D．The Painful High School Years 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$