精品解析：广东省东莞市第八高级中学2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷

2024-2025学年度第二学期期中联考 高一英语 说明： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，考号填写在答题卡上相应的位置。 2.全部答案在答题卡上完成，考试结束只交答题卡。 3. 满分150分, 考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 听力部分 (共两节，满分20分) 第一节 听力理解 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 听下面两段材料，每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 听下面一段对话，回答第1——2题。 1. What should the man do when he gets out of the. train station? A. Walk straight. B. Go left. C. Go right. 2. Where does the man want to po? A. To a bank. B. To a museum. C. To a post office. 听下面一段对话，回答第3—5题。 3. What does the man take out? A. The weekly tests. B. The monthly reports. C. The term paper. 4. How does the man suggest the woman collect information? A. By looking through the books. B. By reading the magazines. C. By doing the interviews. 5. Which month is it probably now? A. September. B. October. C. December. 第二节 听取信息 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 听下面一段独白，请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入答题卡标号为6-10 的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间。录音读两遍，你将有60秒钟的作答时间。 Today's plan An introduction from James Crosbie The_______ of Auckland International College is looking forward to getting to know you all much better. A talk from Miss Judith Benton About some details which will help to make your stay more_______ A short break Students will have some_______. A talk from Dr. Randall About the college, our _______and information about the social programs. Free time Students will unpack and settle in. A formal dinner At _______p. m. in the dining hall No jeans or shorts. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A France is a land where excitement and diversity in festivals and events are the norm. From historic dates to famous festivals or sports events, there’s always something to celebrate in France! If you are planning a trip to France, discover what’s on in France in the next half year. Bastille Day (14 July) Bastille Day, France’s national holiday, is celebrated in memory of the Storming of the Bastille. Celebrations are staged throughout France on this day every year, such as all-night parties at fire stations, huge parades and various free concerts in Paris. Even the Eiffel Tower lights up with fireworks, best viewed from Champ de Mars. Festival d’ Avignon (July) Held in the courtyard of the Palais des Papes, Avignon, the festival turns the town into a lively theater center every July. Tens of thousands of theater fans of all ages come to enjoy theatre performances, dance, and live music there. The town also becomes an open-air gathering place where festival-goers can talk about the shows and share their experiences. Tour de France 2024 (June 29 — July 21) Starting in Florence, Italy, the 111th Tour de France will go across Italy to Turin (Italy’s 3rd biggest city) on July 1st before entering France. For the first time in its history, the race will not finish in Paris. Instead it will head for Nice by way of Monaco due to the Olympics. Covering 3,600 km over 21 stages, the route is a true test of will and skill. 1. What do Bastille Day and Festival d’ Avignon have in common? A. There are various parades. B. They attract theater-goers. C. There are fireworks shows. D. They are celebrated yearly. 2. Where will the 111th Tour de France finish? A. Florence. B. Nice. C. Monaco. D. Turin. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A travel guide. B. A sports magazine. C. An encyclopedia. D. A festival brochure. B My parents were excellent cooks. Growing up, I enjoyed being in the kitchen with them. It was a place where I could relax myself, be creative and have fun. In September of 2020, I started a side business in São Paulo selling bread, sauces and other foods online. At the same time, my husband and I were revisiting our dream of living abroad. Canada seemed like the perfect choice because of its diverse (多样的) food culture. I chose to study culinary (烹饪的) management at George Brown College, one of Canada’s top culinary schools. I started my two-year program in September 2022. The program included business courses, such as human resources, and marketing, as well as hands-on cooking classes. I learned skills to be a cook, like working with flavors (味道), and how to prepare large amounts of food. Some days, I was on my feet from 7 am to 5 pm, but my heart was filled with happiness. Being in a kitchen invigorated me. I knew that cooking was what I wanted to do. During my studies, I had some exciting opportunities. I was a finalist in a school cooking competition, where I made salpicao, a traditional Brazilian turkey salad. In April 2024, I entered a cooking competition hosted by Cookin, an app where chefs sell and deliver meals. I created a Brazilian-inspired menu, with dishes from the countryside to the coast, including pulled pork with guava jam and chips. I was one of the winners and got to run an online store, Flavia’s Taste of Brazil, for a week. Using the college’s kitchen, I completed 25 orders, preparing a total of 41 meals. Going back to college wasn’t just about learning the hard skills of cooking. It gave me courage and confidence to go for my love. 4. What can we know about the author when she was a child? A. She loved staying in the kitchen. B. She spent a lot of time in Canada. C. She dreamed of studying abroad. D. She offered to run a side business. 5 Why did the author go to George Brown College? A. To work with her husband. B. To follow her love for cooking. C. To meet her parents’ wishes. D. To find a well-paid job in Brazil. 6. Which best explains the underlined word “invigorated” in paragraph 2? A. Made fun of someone. B. Gave energy to someone. C. Kept track of someone. D. Left a message to someone, 7. What does the author’s success in cooking competitions suggest? A. She is a uniquely gifted teacher. B. She is inspired by other winners. C. She is highly skilled and creative. D. She is lucky enough to be a finalist. C If you’ve ever cooked a complex meal with someone, you know the level of cooperation required. American researchers recently showed that in a virtual kitchen, artificial intelligence (AI) learned how to cooperate with a human just by watching humans work together. There are some ways researchers have already trained AI to work with people. Many approaches involve reinforcement learning, where an AI interacts with an environment online — which can include other AIs or humans — and is rewarded for making decisions that lead to desired outcomes. Google Deep Mind’s program Alpha Go, for example, learned the board game Go using reinforcement learning. But starting training an AI from zero to interact with people through complete trial and error can waste a lot of time and can be risky. Another choice is to train one AI to model human behavior, and then use that as a tireless human replacement for another AI to learn to interact with. Researchers have used this method in a simple game. But repeating human behavior in more complex settings can be difficult. Thus in the study, researchers used offline reinforcement learning — a method for developing strategies by analyzing recorded behavior rather than through real-time interaction. Previously, offline reinforcement learning had been used mostly to help virtual robots move or to help AIs solve mazes (迷宫), but here it was applied to the tricky problem of working with humans. Instead of learning by interacting with people, this AI learned by watching human interactions. “The research work introduces a way for AI to learn to team up with humans, without even practicing with us. It could help improve human-AI interactions.” Says Nikolaidis, director of a lab. In the future, humans will increasingly work with AI, both online and in the physical world. Sometimes we’ll want an AI to silently guide our choices and strategies, like a good teammate who knows our weaknesses. “It solves an important problem — how AI can learn to work with people.” says Nikolaidis. 8. What is the function of reinforcement learning in the passage? A. It’s how AI learned to work with people B It’s how researchers helped AI learn cooking. C. It’s how Google Deep Mind developed AlphaGo. D. It’s how AI got rewards for making correct choices. 9. What is the advantage of offline reinforcement learning? A. It relies on real-time interaction. B. It helps AI learn by interacting with people. C. It takes less time and has less danger. D. It is realized through mistakes and corrections. 10. What is AI expected to do in the future? A. To cook a complex meal on its own. B. To point out our weaknesses directly. C. To offer voiceless guidance sometimes. D. To solve difficult problems for humans. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. AI learns cooperation by practicing. B. AI learns cooking from humans. C AI learns cooking without humans’ help. D. AI learns teamwork by watching humans. D The pressure of a watching audience can have positive or negative effects on human performance, and it turns out the same is true of our closest relatives. Christen Lin at Kyoto University, Japan, and his colleagues tested a group of six chimps (黑猩猩) on three numerical tasks with different difficulty. In the first task, the numbers 1 to 5 appeared on a screen in different locations and the chimps simply had to touch the numbers in the correct order to get a food reward (奖赏). In the second task, the chimps had to press non-adjacent numbers (like 1,3,5,7,11,15) from smallest to largest for a reward. Finally, in the hardest test, when the first number was pressed, the rest of the numbers went dark on the screen. This meant the chimps had to remember the location of the numbers in order to press them in the correct order. The chimps were tested on the tasks thousands of times over a six-year period with different audiences — from one to eight human observers. When the task was easy, the chimps performed worse when there were more people watching. But on the most difficult task, all six of the chimps did better as the size of the audience grew. “It was very surprising to find a great increase in performance as human observer numbers increased, because we might expect more humans being present to be more distracting (分心的),” says Lin. “For the easiest task, the humans may be distracting to them, but for the most difficult task it is possible that the humans are a stressor that actually drives them to perform better.” Miguel Llorente at the University of Girona, Spain, suggests further studies could be about how the audience effect is related to chimps’ individual personalities. “It would also be interesting to study these effects with chimp audiences to understand more fully how these interactions play out in a natural social context,” he says. 12. What is a unique challenge to the chimps in the third task? A. Number ordering. B. Location memory. C. Audience pressure. D. Reward system 13. In what situation did the chimps perform the best? A. During task 3 with 8 observers. B. During task 1 with 7 observers C. During task 3 with 1 observer. D. During task 1 with 8 observers. 14. What can we learn from Lin’s words about the humans in difficult tasks? A. They may reduce task pressure. B. They may serve as a driving force. C. They may break concentration. D. They may offer task guidance. 15. What does Llorente suggest studying about the audience effect? A. Its relation with human presence. B. Its influence on human personalities. C. Its relation with chimps’ personalities. D. Its influence on chimps’ memory. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 For years, research has linked sitting too much with numerous health conditions such as heart disease, diabetes and cancer. Researchers have found that walking for five minutes every 30 minutes is the most effective way to reduce the harm of too much sitting. Want to spend less time sitting before your screens and more time on your feet in 2025? ____16____ Here are the top five tips. Make a movement plan. ____17____ Make sure it’s a reasonable goal and try to push yourself. Five minutes every 30 minutes is best, but if you can’t, change that aim for every hour or two hours. Get someone to join you. Having a partner can make taking movement feel less discouraging. Think: co-workers taking quick walks or friends encouraging each other through text! Long distance friends, husband, kids, co-workers, neighbors—anyone can be your companion! ____18____ Keep going but take it slow. It’s tempting to get all your movement done first thing in the morning, but studies have shown that one longer workout doesn’t reduce the harm of long sitting. ____19____ Besides, walking slowly is enough to get the physical and mental benefits of movement. ____20____ Your 5-minute walks don’t have to all be walking. You can turn your movement breaks into dance breaks! Or you can get housework done, like taking out the garbage cans. Get creative! If standing isn’t a choice, chair-based exercises are great too. Track your progress. Counting your movement encourages you to keep going and helps you be mindful of how your body is feeling throughout the day. A. Mix up your movement. B. Add regular breaks to your movement. C. What can help you stick to your movement? D Send them an invitation and take the challenge together. E. But missing some movement is not the end of the world. F. What amount of movement will you build into your day? G. There is no replacement for short but regular movement throughout the day. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分37.5分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I clearly remember that night many years ago. I was driving when a serious head-on crash occurred and I was ___21___ to the hospital. What followed were months of ___22___ and despair (绝望) as I lay in bed. I can still picture the moment when the ___23___ entered the room. “I’m afraid you’ll probably have a difficult time ___24___ again, let alone be able to play sports,” he said. This news was a ___25___to me as basketball was my favourite ___26___. I cried uncontrollably imagining the very worst for my future. My parents, however, remained firm. “Thank you, doctor,” they responded___27___,“but our daughter will be soon on her feet again.” With their ___28___ and my own determination, I began the long and challenging road to recovery. As I ___29___ got better, I also experienced a deep inner change. The experience provided me with the opportunity for ____30____ , leading me to reevaluate my life choices and mindset. Over time, not only did I play ____31____ again, but I also changed the way I ____32____life. I replaced despair with hope and reactivity with reflection. I came to realize that every challenge ____33____ an opportunity for personal growth, if we remain ____34____ to its lessons. Now, thirty-five years later, I have authored a book to share the lessons I’ve learned and to help others live with purpose and ____35____. 21. A. rushed B. invited C. returned D. committed 22. A. anger B. regret C. pain D. shame 23. A. driver B. policeman C. doctor D. caregiver 24. A. dancing B. walking C. competing D. graduating 25. A. bet B. blow C. relief D. signal 26. A. topic B. program C. occasion D. passion 27. A. sadly B. coldly C. calmly D. proudly 28. A. support B. permission C. treatment D. prediction 29. A. hardly B. generally C. hopefully D. gradually 30. A. self-awareness B. self-confidence C. self-defense D. self-reflection 31. A. basketball B. baseball C. games D. music 32. A. approached B. enjoyed C. started D. calculated 33. A. rejects B. presents C. requires D. destroys 34. A. blind B. close C. brave D. open 35. A. pride B. knowledge C. hope D. dream 第二节 单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词语或使用括号中词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卷上标号为46-55的相应位置上。 36. In addition _________ fresh vegetables, the market offers a wide range of fruits. （用适当的词填空） 37. At the book fair, one of the __________ (poet) signed books for his young fans, who were excited to meet him. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38. It is ___________ (absolute) necessary to follow the safety rules in the factory. （所给词的适当形式填空） 39. The student, _________ (absorb) in doing his chemistry experiment, worked throughout the night. (所给词适当形式填空) 40. The trees ___________ (surround) the house were planted by my father 10 years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空) 41. Yesterday, the winners’ names of the singing competition ___________ (announce) on campus radio. (所给词的适当形式填空) 42. The heavy rain made_________ much more difficult for Mike to move forward. （用适当的词填空） 43. The background music created an atmosphere ________ the students could exchange their ideas freely. (用适当的词填空) 44. She finally received __________ award for her outstanding contributions to environmental protection. (用适当的词填空) 45. Her _________ (believe) in the power of kindness encouraged her to volunteer at the local shelter every weekend. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分42.5分) 第一节 句子考查(共9小题,56-61题,每空0.5分;62-64题,每小题3分,满分17.5分) 根据下面各个句子的要求，完成、改写或翻译句子。 46. ________________ (坦白说), I don't understand this. Can you explain it again? （根据汉语提示完成句子） 47. He________________ (爱上) painting when he took an art class in primary school. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 48. Yesterday morning, they ________________ (出发) on foot to the neighboring village. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 49. Grandma was happy when we decided to stay with her during the holiday. (同义转换) Grandma was happy when we decided to ________________ during the holiday. 50. Although he is young, he knows a lot about military strategies. (同义转换) ________________ his young age, he knows a lot about military strategies. 51. We are grateful to Tom. The team couldn’t have got such great achievements without him. (定语从句合并) We are grateful to Tom, ________________ the team couldn’t have got such great achievements. 52. Because the couple were inspired by the speech, they decided to take up the challenge.(用分词改写句子) _____________________________________________ 53. The athlete’s story has encouraged younger teammates to aim for higher goals.(用被动语态改写) _____________________________________________ 54. 请牢记你懂的语言越多，你得到的机会就会更多。 （汉译英） _____________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写 (满分 25 分) 55. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 An A for Mrs. Bartlett I was sitting next to Missy in my ninth-grade world history class when Mrs. Bartlett announced a new project. In groups, we were to create a poster around what we were studying. On a piece of paper, we wrote the names of three friends we wanted in our group. After collecting all the requests, Mrs. Bartlett informed us that she would take into consideration the names we chose and would let us know the results the next day. I was a well-rounded top student in the class, so I had no doubt I would get the group of my choice. There were only a handful of sociably decent people in the class, and Missy was one of them. I knew we had chosen each other. The next day, I anxiously awaited the class. After the bell rang, Missy and I stopped talking as Mrs. Bartlett called for our attention. She started to call out names. When she reached group three, Missy’s name was called. So I’m in group three, I thought. The second, third and fourth members of the group were called. My name was not included. There had to be some mistake! Then I heard it. The last group: “ Mauro, Juliette, Rachel, Karina. ” I could feel the tears well in my eyes. How could I face being in that group — the boy who barely spoke English, the one girl who was always covered by skirts that went down to her ankles, and the other girl who was often wearing very strange and unusual clothes with fancy items. They certainly fell into the category of the least popular in our class. They were considered misfits (不合群的人)! There must be something wrong! Mrs. Bartlett was such a person of insight, vision and thoughtfulness that she never forgot to bring out the potential of all her students. Oh, how badly I wanted to be with my friends. Finally I was determined to convince her I should be in the “ good ” group. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I fought back tears as I walked up to Mrs. Bartlett. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Halfway through the week, I felt myself enjoying the company of these three misfits. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年度第二学期期中联考 高一英语 说明： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，考号填写在答题卡上相应的位置。 2.全部答案在答题卡上完成，考试结束只交答题卡。 3. 满分150分, 考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 听力部分 (共两节，满分20分) 第一节 听力理解 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 听下面两段材料，每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 听下面一段对话，回答第1——2题。 1. What should the man do when he gets out of the. train station? A. Walk straight. B. Go left. C. Go right. 2. Where does the man want to po? A. To a bank. B. To a museum. C. To a post office. 听下面一段对话，回答第3—5题。 3. What does the man take out? A. The weekly tests. B. The monthly reports. C. The term paper. 4. How does the man suggest the woman collect information? A. By looking through the books. B. By reading the magazines. C. By doing the interviews. 5. Which month is it probably now? A. September. B. October. C. December. 第二节 听取信息 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 听下面一段独白，请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入答题卡标号为6-10 的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间。录音读两遍，你将有60秒钟的作答时间。 Today's plan An introduction from James Crosbie The_______ of Auckland International College is looking forward to getting to know you all much better. A talk from Miss Judith Benton About some details which will help to make your stay more_______ A short break Students will have some_______. A talk from Dr. Randall About the college, our _______and information about the social programs. Free time Students will unpack and settle in. A formal dinner At _______p. m. in the dining hall No jeans or shorts. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A France is a land where excitement and diversity in festivals and events are the norm. From historic dates to famous festivals or sports events, there’s always something to celebrate in France! If you are planning a trip to France, discover what’s on in France in the next half year. Bastille Day (14 July) Bastille Day, France’s national holiday, is celebrated in memory of the Storming of the Bastille. Celebrations are staged throughout France on this day every year, such as all-night parties at fire stations, huge parades and various free concerts in Paris. Even the Eiffel Tower lights up with fireworks, best viewed from Champ de Mars. Festival d’ Avignon (July) Held in the courtyard of the Palais des Papes, Avignon, the festival turns the town into a lively theater center every July. Tens of thousands of theater fans of all ages come to enjoy theatre performances, dance, and live music there. The town also becomes an open-air gathering place where festival-goers can talk about the shows and share their experiences. Tour de France 2024 (June 29 — July 21) Starting in Florence, Italy, the 111th Tour de France will go across Italy to Turin (Italy’s 3rd biggest city) on July 1st before entering France. For the first time in its history, the race will not finish in Paris. Instead it will head for Nice by way of Monaco due to the Olympics. Covering 3,600 km over 21 stages, the route is a true test of will and skill. 1. What do Bastille Day and Festival d’ Avignon have in common? A. There are various parades. B. They attract theater-goers. C There are fireworks shows. D. They are celebrated yearly. 2. Where will the 111th Tour de France finish? A. Florence. B. Nice. C. Monaco. D. Turin. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A travel guide. B. A sports magazine. C. An encyclopedia. D. A festival brochure. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了法国的一些重要节日和活动，包括巴士底日、阿维尼翁节和2024年的环法自行车赛。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Bastille Day, France’s national holiday, is celebrated in memory of the Storming of the Bastille. Celebrations are staged throughout France on this day every year…”（巴士底日是法国的国庆日，每年都会举行庆祝活动）和第三段“Held in the courtyard of the Palais des Papes, Avignon, the festival turns the town into a lively theater center every July.”（每年7月，在阿维尼翁教皇宫的院子里举行的戏剧节使这个小镇变成了一个热闹的戏剧中心。）可知，这两个节日的共同点是它们每年都会庆祝。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Instead it will head for Nice by way of Monaco due to the Olympics.”（因为奥运会，比赛将会经过摩纳哥，最后在尼斯结束）可知，比赛将在尼斯结束。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“If you are planning a trip to France, discover what’s on in France in the next half year.”（如果你计划去法国旅行，了解一下未来半年法国要举办什么活动。）可知，主要介绍了法国的一些重要节日和活动，包括巴士底日、阿维尼翁节和2024年的环法自行车赛。所以短文来自旅游指南。故选A。 B My parents were excellent cooks. Growing up, I enjoyed being in the kitchen with them. It was a place where I could relax myself, be creative and have fun. In September of 2020, I started a side business in São Paulo selling bread, sauces and other foods online. At the same time, my husband and I were revisiting our dream of living abroad. Canada seemed like the perfect choice because of its diverse (多样的) food culture. I chose to study culinary (烹饪的) management at George Brown College, one of Canada’s top culinary schools. I started my two-year program in September 2022. The program included business courses, such as human resources, and marketing, as well as hands-on cooking classes. I learned skills to be a cook, like working with flavors (味道), and how to prepare large amounts of food. Some days, I was on my feet from 7 am to 5 pm, but my heart was filled with happiness. Being in a kitchen invigorated me. I knew that cooking was what I wanted to do. During my studies, I had some exciting opportunities. I was a finalist in a school cooking competition, where I made salpicao, a traditional Brazilian turkey salad. In April 2024, I entered a cooking competition hosted by Cookin, an app where chefs sell and deliver meals. I created a Brazilian-inspired menu, with dishes from the countryside to the coast, including pulled pork with guava jam and chips. I was one of the winners and got to run an online store, Flavia’s Taste of Brazil, for a week. Using the college’s kitchen, I completed 25 orders, preparing a total of 41 meals. Going back to college wasn’t just about learning the hard skills of cooking. It gave me courage and confidence to go for my love. 4. What can we know about the author when she was a child? A. She loved staying in the kitchen. B. She spent a lot of time in Canada. C. She dreamed of studying abroad. D. She offered to run a side business. 5. Why did the author go to George Brown College? A. To work with her husband. B. To follow her love for cooking. C. To meet her parents’ wishes. D. To find a well-paid job in Brazil. 6 Which best explains the underlined word “invigorated” in paragraph 2? A. Made fun of someone. B. Gave energy to someone. C. Kept track of someone. D. Left a message to someone, 7. What does the author’s success in cooking competitions suggest? A. She is a uniquely gifted teacher. B. She is inspired by other winners. C. She is highly skilled and creative. D. She is lucky enough to be a finalist. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何从童年时期对烹饪的热爱出发，通过在加拿大的烹饪管理课程学习，最终实现自己的梦想并取得成就。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“My parents were excellent cooks. Growing up, I enjoyed being in the kitchen with them. It was a place where I could relax myself, be creative and have fun.(我的父母是出色的厨师。从小到大，我喜欢和他们一起在厨房里。这是一个我可以放松自己，发挥创造力，享受乐趣的地方)”可知，作者小时候喜欢和父母一起待在厨房。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“I chose to study culinary (烹饪的) management at George Brown College, one of Canada's top culinary schools.(我选择了在加拿大顶级烹饪学校之一的乔治布朗学院学习烹饪管理)”并结合最后一段“Going back to college wasn’t just about learning the hard skills of cooking. It gave me courage and confidence to go for my love.(回到大学不仅仅是为了学习烹饪的硬技能。它给了我勇气和信心去追求我的爱)”可推断，作者去 George Brown College是为了追求她对烹饪的热爱。故选B。 【6题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词前“Some days, I was on my feet from 7 am to 5 pm, but my heart was filled with happiness.(有些日子，我从早上7点一直到下午5点不歇脚，但我的心里充满了幸福)”及画线词后“I knew that cooking was what I wanted to do.(我知道烹饪是我想做的事情)”可推断，一直待在厨房里使作者感到快乐，使作者充满干劲儿。画线词与“Gave energy to someone(给予某人能量)”的意思最接近。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“I was a finalist in a school cooking competition, where I made salpicao, a traditional Brazilian turkey salad. In April 2024, I entered a cooking competition hosted by Cookin, an app where chefs sell and deliver meals. I created a Brazilian-inspired menu, with dishes from the countryside to the coast, including pulled pork with guava jam and chips.(我是学校烹饪比赛的决赛选手，我做了一种传统的巴西火鸡沙拉salpicao。2024年4月，我参加了Cookin举办的一场烹饪比赛。Cookin是一款厨师销售和送餐的应用。我设计了一份巴西风味的菜单，包括从乡村到海岸的菜肴，包括番石榴酱猪肉和薯条)”可推断，在烹饪方面, 作者不仅技术熟练，而且富有创造力。故选C。 C If you’ve ever cooked a complex meal with someone, you know the level of cooperation required. American researchers recently showed that in a virtual kitchen, artificial intelligence (AI) learned how to cooperate with a human just by watching humans work together. There are some ways researchers have already trained AI to work with people. Many approaches involve reinforcement learning, where an AI interacts with an environment online — which can include other AIs or humans — and is rewarded for making decisions that lead to desired outcomes. Google Deep Mind’s program Alpha Go, for example, learned the board game Go using reinforcement learning. But starting training an AI from zero to interact with people through complete trial and error can waste a lot of time and can be risky. Another choice is to train one AI to model human behavior, and then use that as a tireless human replacement for another AI to learn to interact with. Researchers have used this method in a simple game. But repeating human behavior in more complex settings can be difficult. Thus in the study, researchers used offline reinforcement learning — a method for developing strategies by analyzing recorded behavior rather than through real-time interaction. Previously, offline reinforcement learning had been used mostly to help virtual robots move or to help AIs solve mazes (迷宫), but here it was applied to the tricky problem of working with humans. Instead of learning by interacting with people, this AI learned by watching human interactions. “The research work introduces a way for AI to learn to team up with humans, without even practicing with us. It could help improve human-AI interactions.” Says Nikolaidis, director of a lab. In the future, humans will increasingly work with AI, both online and in the physical world. Sometimes we’ll want an AI to silently guide our choices and strategies, like a good teammate who knows our weaknesses. “It solves an important problem — how AI can learn to work with people.” says Nikolaidis. 8. What is the function of reinforcement learning in the passage? A. It’s how AI learned to work with people B. It’s how researchers helped AI learn cooking. C. It’s how Google Deep Mind developed AlphaGo. D. It’s how AI got rewards for making correct choices. 9. What is the advantage of offline reinforcement learning? A. It relies on real-time interaction. B. It helps AI learn by interacting with people. C. It takes less time and has less danger. D. It is realized through mistakes and corrections. 10. What is AI expected to do in the future? A. To cook a complex meal on its own. B. To point out our weaknesses directly. C. To offer voiceless guidance sometimes. D. To solve difficult problems for humans. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. AI learns cooperation by practicing. B. AI learns cooking from humans. C. AI learns cooking without humans’ help. D. AI learns teamwork by watching humans. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工智能通过观察人类合作学会与人类团队合作。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“There are some ways researchers have already trained AI to work with people. Many approaches involve reinforcement learning, where an AI interacts with an environment online — which can include other AIs or humans — and is rewarded for making decisions that lead to desired outcomes. (研究人员已经通过一些方法训练AI与人类共同工作。许多方法都涉及强化学习，即AI在一个在线环境中与其他AI或人类进行交互，并因做出导致期望结果的决策而获得奖励。)”可知，强化学习的作用是AI学会能如何与人的合作。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“But starting training an AI from zero to interact with people through complete trial and error can waste a lot of time and can be risky. (但是，从零开始训练一个人工智能，通过完全的试错来与人互动，可能会浪费大量时间，而且具有风险。)”以及第四段中“Thus in the study, researchers used offline reinforcement learning — a method for developing strategies by analyzing recorded behavior rather than through real-time interaction. (因此，在这项研究中，研究人员使用了离线强化学习——一种通过分析记录的行为而不是通过实时互动来制定策略的方法。)”可知，离线强化学习的优势是节省时间且危险性小。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Sometimes we’ll want an AI to silently guide our choices and strategies, like a good teammate who knows our weaknesses. (有时我们希望人工智能能默默地指导我们的选择和策略，就像一个了解我们弱点的优秀队友。)”可知，未来人工智能有望在某些时候提供无声的指导。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“American researchers recently showed that in a virtual kitchen, artificial intelligence (AI) learned how to cooperate with a human just by watching humans work together. (美国研究人员最近发现，在一个虚拟厨房中，人工智能（AI）仅通过观察人类合作的过程，就学会了如何与人类协作。)”可知，本文主要讲述的是人工智能通过观察人类学会团队合作。故选D。 D The pressure of a watching audience can have positive or negative effects on human performance, and it turns out the same is true of our closest relatives. Christen Lin at Kyoto University, Japan, and his colleagues tested a group of six chimps (黑猩猩) on three numerical tasks with different difficulty. In the first task, the numbers 1 to 5 appeared on a screen in different locations and the chimps simply had to touch the numbers in the correct order to get a food reward (奖赏). In the second task, the chimps had to press non-adjacent numbers (like 1,3,5,7,11,15) from smallest to largest for a reward. Finally, in the hardest test, when the first number was pressed, the rest of the numbers went dark on the screen. This meant the chimps had to remember the location of the numbers in order to press them in the correct order. The chimps were tested on the tasks thousands of times over a six-year period with different audiences — from one to eight human observers. When the task was easy, the chimps performed worse when there were more people watching. But on the most difficult task, all six of the chimps did better as the size of the audience grew. “It was very surprising to find a great increase in performance as human observer numbers increased, because we might expect more humans being present to be more distracting (分心的),” says Lin. “For the easiest task, the humans may be distracting to them, but for the most difficult task it is possible that the humans are a stressor that actually drives them to perform better.” Miguel Llorente at the University of Girona, Spain, suggests further studies could be about how the audience effect is related to chimps’ individual personalities. “It would also be interesting to study these effects with chimp audiences to understand more fully how these interactions play out in a natural social context,” he says. 12. What is a unique challenge to the chimps in the third task? A. Number ordering. B. Location memory. C. Audience pressure. D. Reward system 13. In what situation did the chimps perform the best? A. During task 3 with 8 observers. B. During task 1 with 7 observers C. During task 3 with 1 observer. D. During task 1 with 8 observers. 14. What can we learn from Lin’s words about the humans in difficult tasks? A. They may reduce task pressure. B. They may serve as a driving force. C. They may break concentration. D. They may offer task guidance. 15. What does Llorente suggest studying about the audience effect? A. Its relation with human presence. B. Its influence on human personalities. C. Its relation with chimps’ personalities. D. Its influence on chimps’ memory. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过对黑猩猩研究发现观众的压力会对人的表现产生积极或消极的影响，并解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的有关发现。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Finally, in the hardest test, when the first number was pressed, the rest of the numbers went dark on the screen. This meant the chimps had to remember the location of the numbers in order to press them in the correct order.(最后，在最难的测试中，当第一个数字被按下时，屏幕上其余的数字都变黑了。这意味着黑猩猩必须记住数字的位置，以便按正确的顺序按下它们)”可知，在第三个任务中，黑猩猩面临的独特挑战是位置记忆。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“When the task was easy, the chimps performed worse when there were more people watching. But on the most difficult task, all six of the chimps did better as the size of the audience grew.(当任务很简单时，当有更多的人观看时，黑猩猩表现得更差。但在最困难的任务中，随着观众人数的增加，所有6只黑猩猩都表现得更好)”可推知，任务3最难，故推测，黑猩猩在任务3中，有8名观察员情况下表现最好。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“For the easiest task, the humans may be distracting to them, but for the most difficult task it is possible that the humans are a stressor that actually drives them to perform better.(对于最简单的任务，人类可能会分散它们的注意力，但对于最困难的任务，人类可能是一种压力源，实际上会促使它们表现得更好)”可知，困难任务对人类可能是一种推动力。故选B。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Miguel Llorente at the University of Girona, Spain, suggests further studies could be about how the audience effect is related to chimps’ individual personalities.(西班牙赫罗纳大学的米格尔·略伦特建议，进一步的研究可能是关于观众效应与黑猩猩的个性之间的关系)”可知，他建议研究观众效应与黑猩猩性格的关系。故选C。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 For years, research has linked sitting too much with numerous health conditions such as heart disease, diabetes and cancer. Researchers have found that walking for five minutes every 30 minutes is the most effective way to reduce the harm of too much sitting. Want to spend less time sitting before your screens and more time on your feet in 2025? ____16____ Here are the top five tips. Make a movement plan. ____17____ Make sure it’s a reasonable goal and try to push yourself. Five minutes every 30 minutes is best, but if you can’t, change that aim for every hour or two hours. Get someone to join you. Having a partner can make taking movement feel less discouraging. Think: co-workers taking quick walks or friends encouraging each other through text! Long distance friends, husband, kids, co-workers, neighbors—anyone can be your companion! ____18____ Keep going but take it slow. It’s tempting to get all your movement done first thing in the morning, but studies have shown that one longer workout doesn’t reduce the harm of long sitting. ____19____ Besides, walking slowly is enough to get the physical and mental benefits of movement. ____20____ Your 5-minute walks don’t have to all be walking. You can turn your movement breaks into dance breaks! Or you can get housework done, like taking out the garbage cans. Get creative! If standing isn’t a choice, chair-based exercises are great too. Track your progress. Counting your movement encourages you to keep going and helps you be mindful of how your body is feeling throughout the day. A. Mix up your movement. B. Add regular breaks to your movement. C. What can help you stick to your movement? D. Send them an invitation and take the challenge together. E. But missing some movement is not the end of the world. F. What amount of movement will you build into your day? G. There is no replacement for short but regular movement throughout the day. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. D 19. G 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了通过减少久坐、增加运动来改善健康的五条建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文的“Researchers have found that walking for five minutes every 30 minutes is the most effective way to reduce the harm of too much sitting. Want to spend less time sitting before your screens and more time on your feet in 2025?(研究人员发现，每30分钟步行5分钟是减少久坐危害最有效的方法。想在2025年减少屏幕前的久坐时间，多站起来活动吗？)”可知，此处提到久坐对健康的危害以及步行5分钟每30分钟的好处，并提出“想要减少久坐时间、多站立活动”的目标，结合下文的“Here are the top five tips.(以下是五大建议)”可知，下文讲述五个建议，由此可知，此处需要一个引导性的问题来过渡到具体的建议内容，C选项“What can help you stick to your movement?(什么可以帮助你坚持运动？)”承接上文提出的目标，同时引出下文的建议，符合语境。故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据本段的主题句“Make a movement plan. (制定运动计划)”可知，本段讲述的是建议制定运动计划，让自己坚持运动，结合下文的“Make sure it’s a reasonable goal and try to push yourself. Five minutes every 30 minutes is best, but if you can’t, change that aim for every hour or two hours. (确保目标合理，并努力挑战自己。每30分钟5分钟最佳，但如果做不到，可以调整为每小时或每两小时一次)”可知，此处讲述的内容与运动量相关，F选项“What amount of movement will you build into your day?(你会在一天中安排多少运动？)”与本段的主题吻合，且引出下文对制定运动量计划的标准，符合语境。故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据本段的主题句“Get someone to join you.(找一个同伴)”可知，本段建议通过找一个同伴一起参加运动，结合上文的“Think: co-workers taking quick walks or friends encouraging each other through text! Long distance friends, husband, kids, co-workers, neighbors — anyone can be your companion!(想象一下：同事一起快步走，或者朋友通过短信互相鼓励！远方的朋友、丈夫、孩子、同事、邻居——任何人都可以成为你的伙伴！)”可知，此处提出可以寻找的伙伴对象，D选项“Send them an invitation and take the challenge together.(给他们发送邀请，一起接受挑战！)”与本段的主题吻合，且其中的them指代的是上文中提到的可以成为运动伙伴的对象，符合语境。故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据本段的主题句“Keep going but take it slow. (保持运动但放慢节奏)”可知，本段建议保持运动但放慢节奏，结合上文的“It’s tempting to get all your movement done first thing in the morning, but studies have shown that one longer workout doesn’t reduce the harm of long sitting.(早上一次性完成所有运动可能很诱人，但研究表明，一次长时间的锻炼并不能减少久坐带来的危害)”可知，一次长时间的锻炼并不能减少久坐带来的危害，G选项“There is no replacement for short but regular movement throughout the day.(全天短暂而规律的运动是无可替代的)”对上文内容进一步进行阐述，且与本段的主题句吻合，符合语境。故选G项。 【20题详解】 分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，结合其它段落的主题句可知，此处应为祈使句，结合下文的“Your 5-minute walks don’t have to all be walking. You can turn your movement breaks into dance breaks! Or you can get housework done, like taking out the garbage cans.(你的5分钟步行不必全是走路。你可以把运动休息时间变成舞蹈时间！或者利用这段时间完成家务，比如倒垃圾)”可知，此处提到5分钟的步行不一定是纯粹的步行，你可以跳舞、做家务等，强调运动形式的多样性，A选项“Mix up your movement.(多样化你的运动方式)”为祈使句，且准确概括了这一段落的主题，符合语境。故选A项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分37.5分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I clearly remember that night many years ago. I was driving when a serious head-on crash occurred and I was ___21___ to the hospital. What followed were months of ___22___ and despair (绝望) as I lay in bed. I can still picture the moment when the ___23___ entered the room. “I’m afraid you’ll probably have a difficult time ___24___ again, let alone be able to play sports,” he said. This news was a ___25___to me as basketball was my favourite ___26___. I cried uncontrollably imagining the very worst for my future. My parents, however, remained firm. “Thank you, doctor,” they responded___27___,“but our daughter will be soon on her feet again.” With their ___28___ and my own determination, I began the long and challenging road to recovery. As I ___29___ got better, I also experienced a deep inner change. The experience provided me with the opportunity for ____30____ , leading me to reevaluate my life choices and mindset. Over time, not only did I play ____31____ again, but I also changed the way I ____32____life. I replaced despair with hope and reactivity with reflection. I came to realize that every challenge ____33____ an opportunity for personal growth, if we remain ____34____ to its lessons. Now, thirty-five years later, I have authored a book to share the lessons I’ve learned and to help others live with purpose and ____35____. 21. A. rushed B. invited C. returned D. committed 22. A. anger B. regret C. pain D. shame 23. A. driver B. policeman C. doctor D. caregiver 24. A. dancing B. walking C. competing D. graduating 25. A. bet B. blow C. relief D. signal 26. A. topic B. program C. occasion D. passion 27. A. sadly B. coldly C. calmly D. proudly 28. A. support B. permission C. treatment D. prediction 29. A. hardly B. generally C. hopefully D. gradually 30. A. self-awareness B. self-confidence C. self-defense D. self-reflection 31. A. basketball B. baseball C. games D. music 32. A. approached B. enjoyed C. started D. calculated 33. A. rejects B. presents C. requires D. destroys 34. A. blind B. close C. brave D. open 35. A. pride B. knowledge C. hope D. dream 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文属于记叙文，文章讲述了一个关于个人遭遇车祸、经历艰难康复过程并最终实现自我成长的故事。通过第一人称的叙述，文章展现了主人公面对挑战的心路历程，以及如何在逆境中找到新的生活视角和意义。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我清楚地记得多年前的那个夜晚，当一场严重的正面碰撞发生后，我被急速送往医院。A. rushed急速送往；B. invited邀请；C. returned返回；D. committed承诺，委托。根据上文“I was driving when a serious head-on crash occurred”和下文的“and despair (绝望) as I lay in bed”可知，发生了严重的交通事故，作者受伤严重，应该是急速送往医院。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：接下来的几个月里，我躺在床上，经历了无尽的疼痛和绝望。A. anger愤怒；B. regret后悔；C. pain疼痛；D. shame羞耻。根据下文的“and despair (绝望) as I lay in bed” 可知，重伤后的恢复期间应是经历身体上的疼痛和心理上的绝望。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然能记得那一刻，当医生走进房间。A. driver司机；B. policeman警察；C. doctor医生；D. caregiver照顾者。根据下文的“I’m afraid you’ll probably have a difficult time 4 again, let alone be able to play sports”可知，下文是医生的诊断，此处应是医生进入房间。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“恐怕你可能很难再行走，更不用说能够进行体育运动了，”他说。A. dancing跳舞；B. walking行走；C. competing竞争；D. graduating毕业。根据上文的“I’m afraid you’ll probably have a difficult time”和下文的“let alone be able to play sports”可知，本句谈论事故后的康复情况，此处医生说行走会很困难，更不用说能够进行体育运动了。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个消息对我来说是一个打击，因为篮球是我最喜欢的爱好。A. bet打赌；B. blow打击；C. relief宽慰；D. signal信号。根据上文的“I’m afraid you’ll probably have a difficult time 4 again, let alone be able to play sports”和下文的“as basketball was my favourite”可知，得知可能无法再行走或进行体育运动，这对热爱篮球的作者来说是一个沉重的打击。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个消息对我来说是一个打击，因为篮球是我最喜欢的爱好。A. topic话题；B. program项目；C. occasion场合；D. passion酷爱，热衷的爱好（或活动等）。根据上文的“basketball was my favourite”可知，篮球作为一项运动，对作者而言是一种最喜欢的爱好。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“谢谢你，医生，”他们平静地回应道，“但我们女儿很快就会重新站起来的。”A. sadly悲伤地；B. coldly冷漠地；C. calmly平静地；D. proudly自豪地。根据上文的“Thank you, doctor”和下文的“but our daughter will be soon on her feet again”可知，父母对作者的康复持积极态度，因此是平静而有信心地回应。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们支持和我自己决心的支撑下，我开始了漫长而充满挑战的康复之路。A. support支持；B. permission允许；C. treatment治疗；D. prediction预测。根据上文的“but our daughter will be soon on her feet again”和“With their”可知，父母的支持对于作者的康复至关重要。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着我逐渐地好转，我也经历了深刻的内心变化。A. hardly几乎不；B. generally大体上；C. hopefully有希望地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据下文的“got better, I also experienced a deep inner change”可知，康复是一个逐步的过程，因此是逐渐好转。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段经历为我提供了自我反思的机会，使我重新评估我的生活选择和心态。A. self-awareness自我意识；B. self-confidence自信；C. self-defense自卫；D. self-reflection自我反思。根据下文的“leading me to reevaluate my life choices and mindset”可知，经历重大变故后，作者有机会反思自己的生活，重新评估我的生活选择和心态。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我不仅再次打起了篮球，而且还改变了我处理生活的方式。A. basketball篮球；B. baseball棒球；C. games游戏；D. music音乐。根据上文的“as basketball was my favourite”可知，篮球是作者的最爱，所以是再次打篮球。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我不仅再次打起了篮球，而且还改变了我处理生活的方式。A. approached接近，处理；B. enjoyed享受；C. started开始；D. calculated计算。根据上文的“I also changed the way”和下文的“life”可知，此处指改变处理生活的方式。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始意识到，如果我们对其中的教训保持开放的心态，每一个挑战都是一个个人成长的机会。A. rejects拒绝；B. presents提供；C. requires需要；D. destroys破坏。根据下文的“an opportunity for personal growth”可知，挑战通常被视为提供成长的机会。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始意识到，如果我们对其中的教训保持开放的心态，每一个挑战都是一个个人成长的机会。A. blind盲目的；B. close亲密的；C. brave勇敢的；D. open开放的。根据下文的“to its lessons”可知，此处指对学习和成长持开放的心态，这样才能成长。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，三十五年后，我撰写了一本书来分享我学到的教训，并帮助他人带着目标和希望生活。A. pride自豪；B. knowledge知识；C. hope希望；D. dream梦想。根据上文的“but our daughter will be soon on her feet again”和“to help others live with purpose and”可知，作者从绝望中找到了希望，故书的内容也应传递希望的信息。故选C项。 第二节 单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词语或使用括号中词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卷上标号为46-55的相应位置上。 36. In addition _________ fresh vegetables, the market offers a wide range of fruits. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】to 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：除了新鲜蔬菜，市场还提供各种各样的水果。固定短语in addition to表示“除了……之外（还）”，to为介词。故填to。 37. At the book fair, one of the __________ (poet) signed books for his young fans, who were excited to meet him. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】poets 【解析】 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：在书展上，其中一位诗人为他的年轻粉丝签名，这些粉丝见到他都很兴奋。根据空前的one of the可知，空处需用名词复数形式，表示“……之一”，poet的复数形式为poets。故填poets。 38. It is ___________ (absolute) necessary to follow the safety rules in the factory. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】absolutely 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：在工厂里遵守安全规则是绝对必要的。修饰形容词necessary应用副词absolutely，作状语。故填absolutely。 39. The student, _________ (absorb) in doing his chemistry experiment, worked throughout the night. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】absorbed 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个学生全神贯注地做化学实验，工作了一整晚。已有谓语动词 worked，此处要用非谓语动词；根据be absorbed in 为固定短语，意为 “全神贯注于”可知，absorb与逻辑主语The student之间为被动关系，所以此处省用过去分词形式 作后置定语，修饰The student。故填absorbed。 40. The trees ___________ (surround) the house were planted by my father 10 years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】surrounding 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：环绕着房子的树是我父亲 10 年前种的。句中已有谓语动词were planted，所以surround 要用非谓语形式；trees与surround 之间是主动关系，即“树环绕房子”，所以用现在分词 surrounding作后置定语，修饰trees。故填surrounding。 41. Yesterday, the winners’ names of the singing competition ___________ (announce) on campus radio. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】were announced 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：昨天，校园广播公布了歌唱比赛的获胜者名单。空格处处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“Yesterday”可知，时态应用一般过去时，主语“the winners’ names”与“announce”之间为被动关系，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“be +过去分词”，主语为名词复数，所以be动词用复数形式were，announce的过去分词为announced。故填were announced。 42. The heavy rain made_________ much more difficult for Mike to move forward. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】it 【解析】 【详解】考查代词。句意：大雨使得Mike更难前行。make it adj.+for sb to do为固定句型，it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语。故填it。 43. The background music created an atmosphere ________ the students could exchange their ideas freely. (用适当词填空) 【答案】where 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：背景音乐营造了一种学生能够自由交流想法的氛围。这里考查定语从句，先行词an atmosphere ，为抽象地点，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 44. She finally received __________ award for her outstanding contributions to environmental protection. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】an 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词。句意：她最终因对环境保护的杰出贡献而获得了一个奖项。award 为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个奖项”，且award以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 45. Her _________ (believe) in the power of kindness encouraged her to volunteer at the local shelter every weekend. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】belief 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她对善良力量的信念鼓励她每个周末都去当地的收容所做志愿者。此处为名词作主语，believe的名词belief，意为“信念”，不可数名词。故填belief。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分42.5分) 第一节 句子考查(共9小题,56-61题,每空0.5分;62-64题,每小题3分,满分17.5分) 根据下面各个句子的要求，完成、改写或翻译句子。 46. ________________ (坦白说), I don't understand this. Can you explain it again? （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】To be frank/honest 【解析】 【详解】考查不定式。句意：坦白说，我不明白。你能再解释一遍吗？表示“坦白说”可用固定短语to be frank或to be honest等表达。位于句首，故填To be frank/honest。 47. He________________ (爱上) painting when he took an art class in primary school. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】fell in love with 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：他在小学上美术课时爱上了绘画。“爱上”英文为fall in love with，固定短语，根据“took”可知，句子应用一般过去时，fall应用过去式fell。故填fell in love with。 48. Yesterday morning, they ________________ (出发) on foot to the neighboring village. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】set off/set out 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。根据中英文对比可知，空处应填“出发”，英文表达为set off/set out，根据时间状语Yesterday morning可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词set的过去式为set。故填set off/set out。 49. Grandma was happy when we decided to stay with her during the holiday. (同义转换) Grandma was happy when we decided to ________________ during the holiday 【答案】keep her company 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。通过两个句子对比可知，空处应填stay with her的同义表达，keep her company“陪伴她”，与stay with her意思相近，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，动词不定式符号to后应用动词原形。故填keep her company。 50. Although he is young, he knows a lot about military strategies. (同义转换) ________________ his young age, he knows a lot about military strategies. 【答案】In spite of 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：尽管他很年轻，但他对军事策略了解很多。原句中“Although”引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”，空后接名词“his young age”，所以转换后需用介词短语“in spite of”，二者均表达让步含义，即“尽管他年纪小”，保持原句逻辑关系不变。位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填In spite of。 51. We are grateful to Tom. The team couldn’t have got such great achievements without him. (定语从句合并) We are grateful to Tom, ________________ the team couldn’t have got such great achievements. 【答案】without whom 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们很感激汤姆。没有他，团队不可能取得如此伟大的成就。先行词是Tom，在从句中应该用作介词without的宾语，故用whom引导，整个句子应为We are grateful to Tom, without whom the team couldn’t have got such great achievements，故答案为without whom。 52. Because the couple were inspired by the speech, they decided to take up the challenge.(用分词改写句子) _____________________________________________ 【答案】Inspired by the speech, the young couple decided to take up the challenge. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受到演讲的启发，这对年轻夫妇决定接受挑战。过去分词inspired可以作原因状语，表被动。句首字母大写，去掉Because the couple were。故答案为Inspired by the speech, the young couple decided to take up the challenge. 53. The athlete’s story has encouraged younger teammates to aim for higher goals.(用被动语态改写) _____________________________________________ 【答案】Younger teammates have been encouraged to aim for higher goals by the athlete’s story. 【解析】 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：年轻的队友们被这位运动员的故事激励着去追求更高的目标。根据要求把原为主动语态的句子改为被动语态，原句的宾语younger teammates提前作主语。原谓语has encouraged改为被动形式，由于新主语younger teammates是复数，谓语需用复数形式have been encouraged。原主语the athlete’s story通过介词by引出，表示动作发出者。不定式短语to aim for higher goals作为补足语，保持不变。故答案是Younger teammates have been encouraged to aim for higher goals by the athlete’s story. 54. 请牢记你懂的语言越多，你得到的机会就会更多。 （汉译英） _____________________________________________ 【答案】Please keep in mind that the more languages you understand, the more chances you will get. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型、时态。表示“请牢记”常用短语 keep in mind，此处为祈使句，用动词原形开头；“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”表示“越……，越……”，是固定句型；“懂的语言”译为“know languages”，“机会”用 opportunity 更正式，其复数形式为opportunities；“得到”用get。句式主将从现。故整句翻译为Please keep in mind that the more languages you know, the more opportunities you will get。 第二节 读后续写 (满分 25 分) 55. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 An A for Mrs. Bartlett I was sitting next to Missy in my ninth-grade world history class when Mrs. Bartlett announced a new project. In groups, we were to create a poster around what we were studying. On a piece of paper, we wrote the names of three friends we wanted in our group. After collecting all the requests, Mrs. Bartlett informed us that she would take into consideration the names we chose and would let us know the results the next day. I was a well-rounded top student in the class, so I had no doubt I would get the group of my choice. There were only a handful of sociably decent people in the class, and Missy was one of them. I knew we had chosen each other. The next day, I anxiously awaited the class. After the bell rang, Missy and I stopped talking as Mrs. Bartlett called for our attention. She started to call out names. When she reached group three, Missy’s name was called. So I’m in group three, I thought. The second, third and fourth members of the group were called. My name was not included. There had to be some mistake! Then I heard it. The last group: “ Mauro, Juliette, Rachel, Karina. ” I could feel the tears well in my eyes. How could I face being in that group — the boy who barely spoke English, the one girl who was always covered by skirts that went down to her ankles, and the other girl who was often wearing very strange and unusual clothes with fancy items. They certainly fell into the category of the least popular in our class. They were considered misfits (不合群的人)! There must be something wrong! Mrs. Bartlett was such a person of insight, vision and thoughtfulness that she never forgot to bring out the potential of all her students. Oh, how badly I wanted to be with my friends. Finally I was determined to convince her I should be in the “ good ” group. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I fought back tears as I walked up to Mrs. Bartlett. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Halfway through the week, I felt myself enjoying the company of these three misfits. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph l: I fought back tears as I walked up to Mrs. Bartlett. Before I opened my mouth, she gently placed a hand on my shoulder, saying with a knowing smile, “ I know what you want, but your group needs you. ” So stunned was I that I couldn’t utter a single word for a moment. She had seen something in me that I hadn’t seen. Suddenly, a mixture of guilt as well as pride seized me. The power of being trusted made me stand straighter. “ I’ll help them. ” I replied in a firm voice. I couldn’t believe it came out of my mouth, but it did. Paragraph 2: Halfway through the week, I felt myself enjoying the company of these three misfits. The project was going smoothly with our joint efforts. Besides, I found out Mauro was struggling with English, Juliette wore long skirts because of her religion and Rachel dreamed to be a fashion designer. They weren’t misfits, just people that no one cared enough about to try to understand — except Mrs. Bartlett. I was lucky to be given a chance to see other people in a new light. Mrs. Bartlett gave us an A on that assignment, which should be handed back, for she was the one who truly deserved it. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了历史课上，老师分小组做任务时，作者被老师分在了一个不好的小组，小组内的几个学生都是不受人欢迎的孩子，作者很委屈，希望和好朋友们一组，老师却鼓励她留在这组帮助这几个同学完成任务。 【详解】1. 段落续写 ①由第一段首句“我忍着眼泪走向Mrs. Bartlett”可知，续写应围绕我跟老师见面后的语言、动作、神情等展开描写，包括倾诉“我”对分组结果的不解，如何说服老师把我分在“优生组”等，以及老师的回答、反应和举措等。为与下一段首句呼应，“我”一定是说服未遂，继续和这三个不合群的人在同一个组。 ②由第二段首句“这周过半的时候，我觉得自己很享受这三个不合群的人的陪伴”可知，续写应围绕“我”与组员们完成项目的过程和结果，与此同时，“我”的心态发生了转变，理解了老师的良苦用心，明白了应该抛弃成见，学会接纳和包容的做人哲学。 2. 续写线索：试图说服老师——老师期望——接受任务——完成任务——感悟与成长 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①一言不发：not utter a single word/say nothing ②帮助：help/aid/assist ③回答：reply/respond/answer ④得到机会：be given a chance/be offered an opportunity 情绪类 ①感到惊讶的：stunned/astonished/amazed ②内疚：guilt/compunction/self-reproach 【点睛】[高分句型1]So stunned was I that I couldn’t utter a single word for a moment.（“so+adj.”位于句首时的倒装句及that引导结果状语从句） [高分句型2]She had seen something in me that I hadn’t seen.（由关系代词that引导限制性定语从句） [高分句型3]Mrs. Bartlett gave us an A on that assignment, which should be handed back, for she was the one who truly deserved it.（由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句以及由关系代词who引导限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$