内容正文:
2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(译林版2024)
Unit 3 To be a good learner语法知识
必备知识清单
单元语法释疑
副词的比较级与最高级及反身代词
一、副词的比较级与最高级
(一)构成
1.规则变化
①一般情况:在词尾直接加 - er 构成比较级,加 - est 构成最高级。例如:
hard(努力地)→harder(更努力地)→hardest(最努力地)
fast(快地)→faster(更快地)→fastest(最快地)
high(高地)→higher(更高地)→highest(最高地)
②以不发音的字母 e 结尾:在词尾直接加 - r 构成比较级,加 - st 构成最高级。例如:
late(晚地)→later(更晚地)→latest(最晚地)
nice(好地)→nicer(更好地)→nicest(最好地)
③以辅音字母 + y 结尾:把 y 变为 i,再加 - er 构成比较级,加 - est 构成最高级。例如:
early(早地)→earlier(更早地)→earliest(最早地)
happy(愉快地)→happier(更愉快地)→happiest(最愉快地)
④部分双音节词和多音节词:分别在原级前加 more 构成比较级,加 most 构成最高级。例如:
slowly(缓慢地)→more slowly(更缓慢地)→most slowly(最缓慢地)
quickly(迅速地)→more quickly(更迅速地)→most quickly(最迅速地)
beautifully(漂亮地)→more beautifully(更漂亮地)→most beautifully(最漂亮地)
2.不规则变化
有一些副词的比较级和最高级变化是不规则的,需要特别记忆。例如:
well(好地)→better(更好地)→best(最好地)
badly(坏地;恶劣地)→worse(更坏地;更恶劣地)→worst(最坏地;最恶劣地)
much(多地)→more(更多地)→most(最多地)
little(少地)→less(更少地)→least(最少地)
far(远地)→farther/further(更远地)→farthest/furthest(最远地)
(二)用法
1.副词用原级的常用句型
①as + 副词原级 + as...:表示 “和…… 一样”。例如:
She runs as fast as her sister.(她跑得和她姐姐一样快。)
②not so (as) + 副词原级 + as...:表示 “不如……”。例如:
He doesn't study so hard as his classmates.(他学习不如他的同学们努力。)
2.副词用比较级的常用句型
①A + 副词比较级 + than + B:表示 “A 比 B……”。例如:
Tom drives more carefully than Jack.(汤姆开车比杰克更小心。)
②A + 副词比较级 + than any other + 单数名词或 all the other + 复数名词。例如:
He jumps higher than any other student in his class.(他比他班上其他任何一个学生都跳得高。)
③副词比较级 + and + 副词比较级:表示 “越来越……”。例如:
The plane is flying higher and higher.(飞机飞得越来越高。)
④the + 副词比较级,the + 副词比较级:表示 “越…… 就越……”。例如:
The harder you work, the better you will get.(你越努力工作,你得到的就会越好。)
⑤No other + 单数名词 + 比较级 + than...:表示 “没有其他…… 比…… 更……”。例如:
No other student runs faster than him in the school.(在学校里没有其他学生比他跑得更快。)
3.副词用最高级的常用句型
A + 副词最高级 + 表示范围的 of 或 in 短语:意为 “在…… 中最……”,副词最高级前通常不用定冠词 the。例如:
Of all the players, he plays football best.(在所有的运动员中,他足球踢得最好。)
In our class, she sings most beautifully.(在我们班,她唱歌最动听。)
二、反身代词的用法
(一)形式
反身代词是表示 “我自己,你自己,他 (她、它) 自己,我们自己,你们自己,他们自己” 的代词。第一、二人称是在形容词性物主代词后加 self 或 selves 构成,第三人称是在人称代词宾格后加 self 或 selves 构成。具体形式如下:
人称
单数
复数
第一人称
myself(我自己)
ourselves(我们自己)
第二人称
yourself(你自己)
yourselves(你们自己)
第三人称
himself(他自己)、herself(她自己)、itself(它自己)
themselves(他们 / 她们 / 它们自己)
(二)用法
1.作宾语:当宾语和主语是同一个人或事物时,用反身代词作宾语。例如:
He teaches himself English.(他自学英语。)
The little girl can dress herself.(这个小女孩能自己穿衣服。)
2.作表语:当表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物时,用反身代词作表语。例如:
The poor boy was myself.(那个可怜的男孩就是我自己。)
I'm not quite myself today.(我今天不太舒服。)
3.作主语或宾语的同位语:常用来加强语气,可位于名词或代词之后,也可位于句末。例如:
She herself cleaned the classroom. = She cleaned the classroom herself.(她自己打扫了教室。)
I met the writer himself last week.(上周我见到了那位作家本人。)
4.用在某些固定短语当中
①look after oneself / take care of oneself:照顾自己。例如:
You should look after yourself when your parents are away.(当你父母不在家时,你应该照顾好自己。)
②teach oneself sth. / learn sth. by oneself:自学。例如:
He taught himself French. = He learned French by himself.(他自学法语。)
③enjoy oneself:玩得高兴,过得愉快。例如:
We enjoyed ourselves at the party last night.(我们昨晚在聚会上玩得很开心。)
④help oneself to sth.:请自用……(随便吃 / 喝些……)。例如:
Help yourself to some fruit, please.(请随便吃些水果。)
⑤hurt oneself:摔伤自己。例如:
The boy hurt himself when he fell off the bike.(那个男孩从自行车上摔下来时摔伤了自己。)
⑥say to oneself:自言自语。例如:
She often says to herself when she is alone.(她独自一个人的时候经常自言自语。)
⑦leave sb. by oneself:把某人单独留下。例如:
Don't leave the little child by himself at home.(不要把小孩一个人留在家里。)
⑧buy oneself sth.:给自己买…… 东西。例如:
She bought herself a new dress.(她给自己买了一条新裙子。)
⑨introduce oneself:介绍自己。例如:
Let me introduce myself. I'm Tom.(让我来介绍一下自己。我是汤姆。)
核心知识回顾
含有反身代词的介词短语
在英语中,含有反身代词的介词短语在表达中起着重要作用,它们赋予句子独特的含义。
1.by oneself:表示 “独自地,单独地”,强调不依赖他人,独立完成某事 。
[例句]The old man lives by himself in the countryside.(这位老人独自住在乡下。)
[分析]常作状语,修饰动词,描述动作的执行者单独进行某一行为。
2.for oneself:有 “为自己;亲自” 的含义。
[例句]You need to think for yourself and make your own decision.
(你需要为自己考虑,做出自己的决定。)
Come and see for yourself.(亲自来看看。)
[分析]“为自己” 时,强调行为目的是满足自身需求;“亲自” 时,突出亲自去体验或了解。
3.to oneself:意思是 “供自己用;暗自,私下里” 。
[例句]She kept the delicious cake to herself.(她把美味的蛋糕留给自己吃。)
He was muttering to himself.(他在自言自语。)
[分析]“供自己用” 表示独享某物;“暗自,私下里” 用于描述某人内心的活动或小声嘀咕的状态。
4.of oneself:意为 “自动地,自然而然地”。
[例句]The door opened of itself.(门自己开了。)
[分析]常用来描述事物自发地发生某种变化或动作,不涉及人为干预。
5.in oneself:表示 “本身,本质上”。
[例句]The idea is good in itself, but it needs some improvement in practice.
(这个想法本身是好的,但在实践中还需要一些改进。)
[分析]用于对事物本身的性质、特点进行评价或分析。
6.between ourselves:意思是 “只限于咱俩之间(别外传)”。
[例句]This is just between ourselves, don't tell anyone else.
(这件事就我们俩知道,别告诉其他人。)
[分析]常用于提醒对方保守秘密,通常位于句首或句尾。
综合实战演练
一、单项选择
1.—John is good at English.
—Yes!No one speaks ______ than him in our class.
A.good B.well C.worse D.better
2.With the development of AI, people can finish work ________ than before.
A.easily B.more easily C.most easily D.easier
3.—The CR450 bullet train is amazing! It runs ________ than any other train in the world.
—Yeah, China’s high-speed rail technology is truly advanced.
A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.more fast
4.Rockets fly ________ than airplanes.
A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest
5.—Judy practices her oral English hard every day.
—So she does. She pronounces words _________ than before.
A.more clearly B.most clearly C.more happily D.most happily
6.As the saying goes, “Have more than we show but speak ________ than we know.”
A.little B.more C.less D.much
7.Lily runs ________ than her sister Lucy.
A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest
8.Our school basketball team trains ________ this year than last year.
A.carefully B.more carefully C.more careful D.careful
9.—Mr. Smith, would you please speak much ________?
—Sorry, I thought you could follow me.
A.slower B.more slowly C.slowly D.slow
10.In the group discussion, Sarah spoke ________ than before to share her ideas so that everyone could hear her clearly.
A.more quietly B.most quietly C.most loudly D.more loudly
11.—Doctor Lee, can you help that man in danger first? I’m afraid he is getting ________.
—I will do it immediately.
A.faster and faster B.worse and worse C.more and more healthily D.better and better
12.With the help of Mrs. Li, Li Hua does his homework ________.
A.carefully and carefully
B.more carefully and more carefully
C.more carefully and carefully
D.more and more carefully
13.—Why does the man want to increase his car’s speed?
—Because he wants to get to his destination (目的地) on time. _________ he drives, _________ he will get there.
A.The faster; the earlier B.The slower; the earlier
C.The faster; the later D.The slower; the later
14.At last, he began to cry ________.
A.hard and hard B.more hard and more hard
C.the harder and the harder D.harder and harder
15.Look! The kite is flying ________.
A.higher and higher B.more and more high C.high and high D.more and more highly
16.—I think his hard work will pay off.
—Of course. ________ he works, ________ he will be.
A.Hardly; luckily B.The hard; the lucky
C.The hardest; the luckiest D.The harder; the luckier
17.Learning is like mountain climbing. ______ you climb, ______ you will see.
A.The high; the far B.The higher; the far C.The higher; the farther D.The high; the farther
18.Generally speaking, the more you pay, _______ you will get better service.
A.the more easily B.the easier C.the harder D.the more hardly
19.—Could you tell me why you learn English so well?
—It’s very simple. ________ you study, ________ grades you will get.
A.The harder; better B.Harder; better C.The harder; the better D.Harder; the better
20.The ________ you drive, the ________ you are.
A.more carefully, safer B.carefully, safe
C.carefully, safer D.more careful, safer
21.________ you practice, ________ you can understand.
A.Much; good B.More; better C.The more; the better D.The most; the best
22.—What do you think is the meaning of “欲穷千里目,更上一层楼”?
—________ you stand, ________ you will see.
A.Higher, farther B.Higher, the farther
C.The higher, farther D.The higher, the farther
23.—How to become a good learner?
—The ________ you learn, the better you will learn.
A.wiser B.the wisest C.more wisely D.the most wisely
24.—Could you tell me why you always get good grades?
—________ you study, ________ mistakes you’ll make.
A.The harder, fewer B.The harder; the less C.Harder; fewer D.The harder; the fewer
25.—How do you improve your English, Li Ming?
—Well, ________ you speak, ________ your English will be.
A.the less; there more B.the more; the better C.the less; the better D.the more; the less
26.Health is important to all of us. In our daily life, ________ you eat, ________ you will be.
A.the better; the healthier B.the better; the more healthier C.the less; the healthier D.the less; the more healthier
27.Which do you like ________, tea or milk?
A.good B.better C.best D.the best
28.— Who jumps ________, Tom or Henry?
—Henry. In fact, he jumps ________ of all the boys.
A.long; longer B.longer; longest
C.long; longest D.longest; longer
29.—Who danced ________ in the competition, Greg or Tara?
—Tara, I think she acted pretty ________.
A.the best, well B.better, well C.the best, good D.well, good
30.Who sings ________, Alice or Linda?
A.beautiful B.beautifully C.more beautiful D.more beautifully
31.Which do you like ________, basketball or football?
A.good B.better C.best D.well
32.Who runs ________, Jack or Mike?
A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest
33.—Who did ________ in the math test, Jack or Tony?
—Tony did, I think.
A.good B.well C.better D.best
34.—What is your favorite subject, Mary?
—Of all the subjects, I like science ________ because it is interesting.
A.well B.better C.best D.the best
35.—Did Kate listen to the teacher in every class?
—Yes, actually, of all the students, she listened _________ .
A.the most careful B.more careful C.the most carefully D.more carefully
36.—Who usually comes to the classroom ________ in your class?
—Sue. She is always the first.
A.earlier B.earliest C.later D.latest
37.Among all my subjects, I like French ________. Learning foreign languages is fun.
A.good B.well C.better D.best
38.Chinese high-speed trains travel ________ of all the trains in the world so far.
A.fast B.faster C.much faster D.the fastest
39.Who chose ________ of all, Jack, Ann or Lily?
A.careful B.carefully C.the most careful D.most carefully
40.—Many actors are in My People, My Country. Who do you think act ________?
—Of course Mr. Huang. We can’t find ________ one.
A.better; a best B.a better; best
C.best; a better D.a best; better
41.—Who ran ________ in the school sports meet?
—Henry did, and he usually practices running on the playground.
A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.most fast
42.—Who jumps ________ in the high jump, Sam, Tom or Jim?
—Tom. He won the first place.
A.high B.higher
C.the higher D.highest
43.Who runs ________, Jane, Jones or Sally?
A.fastest B.faster C.most fastest D.fast
44.—Which do you like _______, fish, birds or dogs?
—Dogs.
A.good B.better C.best D.well
45.Which subject do you like ________, math, English or Chinese?
A.good B.well C.best D.better
46.Which season do you like ________, spring, summer or winter?
A.best B.well C.good D.better
47.—Which sport do you like ________, swimming, running or skating?
—I like skating.
A.good B.better C.best D.well
48.—Who does homework ________ Tom, Jack or Bill?
—Bill. He always looks it over after finishing it.
A.carefully B.more carefully C.less carefully D.the most carefully
49.—Who runs ________, Amy, Lily or Nancy?
—Lily.
A.more quickly B.most quickly C.quicker D.much quicker
50.Who do you think dances ________, Linda, Grace or Anna?
A.good B.well C.better D.best
51.Self-driving cars are smart enough to follow traffic rules and park ________.
A.they B.their C.them D.themselves
52.We felt proud of ________ after the activity.
A.our B.us C.ourselves D.ours
53.My brother is only two. He is too young to look after ________.
A.he B.him C.his D.himself
54.She taught ________ French last year.
A.she B.her C.herself D.hers
55.—Did you have a good Sunday?
—Yeah. Everybody enjoyed ________ at the party.
A.itself B.himself C.herself D.themselves
56.Minnie tried to make a dress for ________, but she made a mess of it.
A.myself B.yourself C.himself D.herself
57.I finished the math project all by ______ without anyone’s help.
A.me B.my C.myself D.mine
58.—Did your brother help you with your English homework last night, Simon?
—No, I did it all by ________.
A.myself B.yourself C.himself D.herself
59.Linda, this question is easy. I think you can answer it by ________.
A.myself B.himself C.herself D.yourself
60.The smart cleaning robot, after sweeping the floor completely, can clean ________ to stay dust-free without our help.
A.it B.itself C.them D.themselves
61.At my first class of the chess club, I was asked to introduce ________ to the other members.
A.myself B.yourself C.ourselves D.themselves
62.After several minutes’ thought, the small boy promised me to keep the secret to ______.
A.me B.him C.myself D.himself
63.I can look after ________, although it won’t be easy for ________.
A.myself; me B.mine; me C.myself; my D.mine; my
64.The Yi people’s Torch Festival is full of joy. People dress ________ in colorful clothes and dance around the fire.
A.they B.them C.their D.themselves
65.—Jim, you don’t seem to be quite ________. What’s the matter with you?
—I have a bad headache.
A.you B.yours C.yourselves D.yourself
二、完成句子
66.她更喜欢自己做这项工作。
She the work by .
67.不要对自己要求太苛刻。
Don’t .
68.每个周末,我都喜欢亲近大自然,放松自己。
Every weekend, I like to get close to nature and .
69.你能独自完成这项工作吗?
Can you finish the work ?
70.你应该自己完成这项作业。
You should finish the homework .
71.鸽子能够在镜子里认出自己。
Pigeons can in .
72.昨晚我玩得很开心。
Last night, I really .
73.这个小孩自己不能穿衣,他妈妈给他穿衣。
This kid can’t , and his mother .
74.——你三岁的时候能自己穿衣服吗?
——不能,我需要妈妈帮忙。
—Could you when you were three years old?
—No, I couldn’t. I needed my mother to help.
75.上个星期天我的父母和我去了北京,我们玩得很愉快。
Last Sunday my parents and I went to Beijing. We there.
76.我希望你能独立完成任务。
I hope you can finish the task .
77.他们会在派对上玩得很开心。
They will at the party.
78.去年他在家自学英语。
He English at home last year.
79.我自己打扫了教室。
I cleaned the classroom all .
80.她独自画了这幅漫画。
She drew the cartoon .
81.你可能懂得比你认为得多。
You probably understand you think.
82.我认为安娜比内莉唱得更清楚。
I think Anna sang than Nelly.
83.我认为我学习比本杰明认真。
I think I study Benjamin.
84.我认为Mike学习比他弟弟认真得多。
I think Mike studies much his brother.
85.随着科学的发展,计算机将得到更广泛的应用。
With the development of science, computers will be used .
86.蒂姆在上次校运会中跳的比我远。
Tim than me in the last school sports meeting.
87.为了能更好表演戏剧,我比以往更加努力学习英语。
I study English even before to perform the play better.
88.100米赛跑多刺激啊!每个选手都想跑得比别人快。
the 100-meter race was! Each player wanted to than the others.
89.彼得的哭喊声比他哥哥的声音大。
Peter cried than his brother.
90. we get together, the happier we will be.
我们相聚得越多,就会越快乐。
91.你可以在那儿最快地买到票。
You can buy tickets quickly there.
92.他的工作做得最糟糕。
He did the work .
93.107.9 FM广播台选择歌曲最细心。
107.9 FM Radio Station the most .
94.在我们班,他对待英语作业最认真。
He takes English homework in our class.
95.在她的网店里,你能最便宜地买到鞋子。
You can buy shoes in her online store.
参考答案
一、
1.D
【解析】句意:——约翰擅长英语。——是的!在我们班没有人比他说得更好。
考查副词比较级。good好的,形容词;well好,副词;worse更坏的/更坏地,bad/badly的比较级;better更好,good/well的比较级。根据“John is good at English.”和“No one speaks...than him in our class.”可知,这句话要用比较级,表示在班里没人比约翰英语说得更好,所以要用“well”的比较级“better”。故选D。
2.B
【解析】句意:随着人工智能的发展,人们可以比以前更容易地完成工作。
考查比较级。easily容易地,副词原级;more easily更容易地,副词比较级;most easily最容易地,副词最高级;easier更容易的,形容词比较级。此处用来修饰动词finish,表示完成工作的容易程度,结合“than”可知,此处应该用副词比较级,表示与之前相比更容易完成工作,故选B。
3.B
【解析】句意:——CR450动车组太棒了!它比世界上任何其他列车跑得快。——是啊,中国的高铁技术确实先进。
考查比较级。根据“than”可知,此处用比较级,fast的比较级是faster。故选B。
4.B
【解析】句意:火箭比飞机飞得快。
考查副词比较级。fast快速;faster更快地;fastest最快。根据“than”可知,此处用副词比较级。故选B。
5.A
【解析】句意:——Judy每天都努力练习英语口语。——的确如此。她单词发音比以前更清晰了。
考查副词比较级。more clearly更清晰地;most clearly最清晰地;more happily更快乐地;most happily最快乐地。根据“Judy practices her oral English hard every day.”可知,因为每天都努力练习英语口语,所以是发音更清晰了,由“than”可知,此处用副词比较级。故选A。
6.C
【解析】句意:俗话说:“藏多显少,言少知多”。
考查副词比较级。little少的;more更多;less更少;much多的。根据“Have more than we show but speak …than we know.”可知,前后句构成对比,speak less与have more形成呼应,是指说得更少,应用比较级less。故选C。
7.B
【解析】句意:莉莉比她的妹妹露西跑得更快。
考查比较级。根据空后的“than”可知,此处用比较级形式,B项符合。故选B。
8.B
【解析】句意:我们学校篮球队今年训练比去年更认真。
考查副词比较级。carefully认真地,副词原级;more carefully更认真地,副词比较级;more careful更认真的,形容词比较级;careful认真的,形容词原级。根据“than”可知,空处填比较级,且空处修饰动词“trains”,填副词比较级。故选B。
9.B
【解析】句意:——史密斯先生,请你说得更慢一点好吗? ——对不起,我原以为你能跟上我。
考查副词的比较级。空前“speak”为动词,应用副词修饰;而slow常作形容词,其副词形式为slowly;再根据“much”可知,这里应用比较级,是希望史密斯先生说话比之前更慢一些,所以要用more slowly“更慢地”。故选B。
10.D
【解析】句意:在小组讨论中,莎拉比之前说得更响亮,以便每个人都能清楚地听到她的想法。
考查副词的比较级。more quietly更安静地;most quietly最安静地;most loudly最响亮地;more loudly更响亮地。根据“In the group discussion, Sarah spoke than before to share her ideas so that everyone could hear her clearly.”可知,莎拉是为了让大家都能清楚地听到她的想法,所以应该是说得“更响亮”,“than”表明此处应该使用比较级,more loudly意为 “更响亮地”符合语境。故选D。
11.B
【解析】句意:——李医生,你能先帮那个有危险的男人吗?我恐怕他越来越严重了。——我马上做。
考查形容词、副词比较级辨析。faster and faster越来越快的;worse and worse越来越差的;more and more healthily越来越健康地;better and better越来越好的。根据“that man in danger”可知男人的情况是越来越坏的,“worse and worse”复合题意。故选B。
12.D
【解析】句意:在李老师的帮助下,李华做作业越来越认真。
考查副词比较级。more and more“越来越……”,后接形容词或副词的原级。more and more carefully是more carefully and more carefully省略重复的carefully后的形式,意为“越来越认真”。故选D。
13.A
【解析】句意:——那个男士为什么想要提高车速? ——因为他想准时到达目的地。他开得越快,就越早到达那里。
考查比较级。根据本题语境可知,他开车开得越快,就越早到达目的地。结合句子结构可知使用“the+比较级,the+比较级”的句式,表示“越……越……”。The faster和the earlier符合题意。故选A。
14.D
【解析】句意:最后,他开始哭得越来越厉害。
考查副词比较级。cry表示“哭”,是动词,应用动词hard修饰,表示“猛烈地”,其比较级为harder,短语harder and harder表示“越来越厉害”,符合题意。故选D。
15.A
【解析】句意:看!风筝飞得越来越高。
考查副词比较级结构。fly飞,动词需用副词修饰;high高高地,比较级是higher。比较级+and+比较级,意思是“越来越……”。故选A。
16.D
【解析】句意:——我认为他的努力会得到回报。——当然。他越努力,就越幸运。
考查比较级。根据“…he works…he will be.”的语境可知,此处为“the+比较级…, the+比较级…”结构,指他越努力,就越幸运。故选D。
17.C
【解析】句意:学习就像爬山。爬得越高,看得越远。
考查副词比较级。“the+比较级,the+比较级”意为“越……,就越……”;high“高”,比较级是high,far“远”,比较级是farther。故选C。
18.A
【解析】句意:一般来说,你付的钱越多,你就会越容易得到更好的服务。
考查副词比较级。根据“the more you pay”可知此处是“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”的结构,表示“越……,越……”。这里需要用副词的比较级来修饰动词get,此处表达的是付的钱越多,越容易得到更好的服务,easily的比较级是more easily,故选A。
19.C
【解析】句意:——你能告诉我为什么你英语学得这么好吗?——它非常简单。你越努力,成绩就会越好。
考查比较级用法。the+比较级,the+比较级,表示“越……,越……”,固定用法,故需The harder...the better...。故选C。
20.A
【解析】句意:你开车越小心,你就越安全。
考查比较级。carefully小心地,副词;careful小心的,形容词。本句是比较级结构“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”,表示“越……越……”,排除B、C;第一空修饰动词drive,应用副词。故选A。
21.C
【解析】句意:你练习得越多,你理解得越透彻。
考查比较级。the +比较级,the +比较级“越……越……”。故选C。
22.D
【解析】句意:——你认为“欲穷千里目,更上一层楼”是什么意思?——你站得越高,就看得越远。
考查副词比较级。“The +比较级……,the +比较级……”表示“越……就越……”的含义,high的比较级为higher,far的比较级为farther。故选D。
23.C
【解析】句意:——如何成为一名优秀的学习者? ——你学得越明智,学得就越好。
考查比较级用法。固定句型:The+比较级+主语+谓语,the+比较级+主语+谓语“越……,就越……”,根据“The...you learn”可知,此处需使用副词的比较级,修饰动词。故选C。
24.D
【解析】句意:——你能告诉我你为什么总是取得好成绩吗?——你学习越努力,犯的错误就越少。
考查比较级。less修饰不可数名词;fewer修饰可数名词。此处是“the+比较级;the+比较级”的结构,表示“越……,越……”。第二空后为名词mistakes的复数形式,用比较级fewer修饰,表示“更少的”,故选D。
25.B
【解析】句意:——李明,你是怎么提高英语水平的?——嗯,你说得越多,你的英语就会越好。
考查比较级结构。less更少;more更多;better更好。本句是“the +比较级, the +比较级”结构,根据“…you speak…your English will be”可知想要提高英语,应是说得越多,才会提高越好。故选B。
26.A
【解析】句意:健康对我们所有人都很重要。在我们的日常生活中,你吃得越好,你就会越健康。
考查比较级句型。句中包含句型“the+比较级,the+比较级”,意为“越……,越……”。根据句意可知,你吃得越好,就会越健康,“好”的比较级是better,“健康的”的比较级是healthier。故选A。
27.B
【解析】句意:你更喜欢哪一个,茶还是牛奶?
考查比较级用法。good好;better更;best最;the best最好的。根据“tea or milk”表示在两者中选择,需用比较级“better”。故选B。
28.B
【解析】句意:——谁跳得更远,Tom还是Henry?——Henry。事实上,他是所有男孩中跳得最远的。
考查副词比较级和最高级。第一空是两者之间进行比较,应使用“longer”;第二空是三者以上进行比较,应使用最高级“longest”。故选B。
29.B
【解析】句意:——比赛中谁跳得更好,格雷格还是塔拉?——塔拉,我觉得她表现得很好。
考查副词比较级和副词的用法。good好的,形容词;well好地, 副词。根据“Who danced…in the competition, Greg or Tara?”可知,此处为两者比较,应用比较级better;第二个空修饰动词acted用副词well。故选B。
30.D
【解析】句意:谁唱得更好,爱丽丝还是琳达?
考查副词比较级。beautiful出色的,形容词;beautifully美妙地,副词;more beautiful更出色,形容词比较级; more beautifully更美妙,副词比较级。根据“Alice or Linda?”可知,此处问谁唱得更好,且修饰动词sings,应该填副词比较级。故选D。
31.B
【解析】句意:你更喜欢哪一个,篮球还是足球?
考查比较级。good好的,原级;better更好,比较级;best最好,最高级;well好地,原级。根据“basketball or football”可知,是两者比较,用比较级。故选B。
32.B
【解析】句意:谁跑得更快,杰克还是迈克?
考查比较级。根据“Jack or Mike”可知,此处指两者之间相比较,用比较级形式。故选B。
33.C
【解析】句意:——数学考试谁考得更好,杰克还是托尼?——我认为是托尼。
考查副词比较级。good好的,形容词原级;well好地,副词原级;better更好,形容词/副词比较级;best最好,形容词/副词最高级。根据“Jack or Tony”可知,此处是两者比较,修饰动词did,用副词比较级。故选C。
34.C
【解析】句意:——玛丽,你最喜欢的科目是什么?——在所有科目中,我最喜欢科学,因为它很有趣。
考查副词最高级用法。well好,副词;better更好,比较级;best最好,最高级;the best最好,最高级。根据“Of all the subjects”可知,比较范围是所有科目,空处需用副词最高级形式。like...best表示“最喜欢……”。故选C。
35.C
【解析】句意: ——凯特每节课都认真听讲吗?——是的,事实上,她是所有学生中听得最认真的。
考查副词最高级。根据“of all the students”可知是比较范围是所有学生,需要最高级,且修饰动词用副词,空处需用最高级the most carefully。故选C。
36.B
【解析】句意:——在你们班谁通常最早来到教室? ——苏。她总是第一个到教室。
考查副词最高级。earlier早期地;earliest最早地;later较晚地;latest最新地。根据“She is always the first.”可知,此处表达她是最早到学校的,应用副词最高级修饰谓语动词。故选B。
37.D
【解析】句意:在我所有的科目中,我最喜欢法语。学习外语很有趣。
考查副词最高级用法。good好的,形容词原级;well好,副词原级;beter更好,更,比较级;best最好,最,最高级。根据“Among all my subjects”可知,此处是指三者或者三者以上的范围,要用最高级,且此处需要副词修饰动词“like”,故选D。
38.D
【解析】句意:到目前为止,中国高铁是世界上所有火车中行驶最快的。
考查副词最高级。fast快的;faster更快的;much faster快得多;the fastest最快的。根据“in the world”可知,在世界范围内,应用最高级,fast的最高级是the fastest。故选D。
39.D
【解析】句意:谁选得最仔细,杰克、安还是莉莉?
考查副词最高级的用法。careful仔细的,形容词原级;carefully仔细地,副词原级;the most careful最仔细的,形容词最高级;most carefully最仔细地,副词最高级。根据“Jack, Ann or Lily”可知,表示三者进行比较,要用最高级。空处修饰动词chose,用副词carefully的最高级most carefully。故选D。
40.C
【解析】句意:——《我和我的祖国》里有许多演员。你认为谁演的最好?——当然是黄先生。我们找不到更好的了。
考查比较级和最高级。better更好,比较级;best最好,最高级。根据“Many actors are in My People, My Country. Who do you think act...”可知,第一句比较范围为三人以上,设空处应用最高级best,且最高级前不可加不定冠词a,排除A、B、D;第二句将黄渤与泛指的某一人进行比较,所以填写比较级a better。故选C。
41.C
【解析】句意:——在学校运动会上谁跑得最快?——亨利,他经常在操场上练习跑步。
考查副词最高级。根据“in the school sports meet”可知此处是在询问谁跑得最快,应该用最高级形式。故选C。
42.D
【解析】句意:——在跳高比赛中谁跳得最高,萨姆、汤姆或者吉姆?——汤姆。他赢得了第一名。
考查副词最高级。high高;higher更高;highest最高。根据“Sam, Tom or Jim”可知,是三者之间的比较,要用最高级。故选D。
43.A
【解析】句意:谁跑得最快,简,琼斯还是莎莉?
考查最高级。fastest最快;faster更快;most fastest错误格式;fast快。根据“Jane, Jones or Sally”可知,此处是三者以上的比较,这里用副词的最高级。故选A。
44.C
【解析】句意:——鱼、鸟和狗,你最喜欢哪一个?—— 狗。
考查最高级用法。good好的,形容词原级;better是good/well的比较级,意为“更好”;best是good/well的最高级,意为“最好”;well是“好”的副词,原级。本题中是鱼、鸟和狗三者之间进行比较,所以应使用最高级。故选C。
45.C
【解析】句意:你最喜欢哪门课,数学、英语还是语文?
考查副词最高级。根据空后的“math, English or Chinese”可知,此处是在三者之间比较,因此使用最高级。故选C。
46.A
【解析】句意:你最喜欢哪个季节,春天,夏天还是冬天?
考查最高级。best最高级,最好;well副词,好地;good形容词,好的;better比较级,更好。由“spring, summer or winter”可知本题为三者进行比较,应用最高级。故选A。
47.C
【解析】句意:——你最喜欢哪项运动,游泳、跑步还是溜冰?——我喜欢溜冰。
考查比较级和最高级。good好的;better更好(用于两者中选择);best最好(用于三者或以上);well好。根据所给运动“swimming, running or skating”可知此处是在三项运动中选择,因此用best。故选C。
48.D
【解析】句意:——谁做作业最认真?汤姆,杰克还是比尔?——比尔。他总是做完后再看一遍。
考查副词最高级。根据题干处的“Tom, Jack or Bill”可知是三者的比较,因此用副词最高级。故选D。
49.B
【解析】句意:——谁跑得最快,艾米、莉莉还是南希?——莉莉。
考查副词最高级。more quickly更快地,副词比较级;most quickly最快地,副词最高级;quicker更快的,形容词比较级;much quicker更快的(much+形容词比较级)。根据语境可知,“疑问词+谓语+副词最高级, A, B or C?”表示三者或三者以上的事物中“……最……”,空处需填副词最高级,修饰runs,most quickly“最快地”,副词最高级。故选B。
50.D
【解析】句意:你认为谁跳舞跳得最好,琳达,格蕾丝还是安娜?
考查副词最高级。good好的,形容词;well好地,副词;better更好;best最好。dance是动词,应用副词对其进行修饰,排除A;根据“Linda, Grace or Anna”可知,此处是在三者之间进行比较,应使用副词最高级。故选D。
51.D
【解析】句意:自动驾驶汽车足够聪明,可以遵守交通规则并自行停车。
考查代词辨析。they它们;their它们的;them它们;themselves它们自己。此处指“自动驾驶汽车可以自己停车”,应用反身代词themselves。故选D。
52.C
【解析】句意:活动结束后,我们为自己感到骄傲。
考查反身代词。our我们的,形容词性物主代词;us我们,宾格人称代词;ourselves我们自己,反身代词;ours我们的,名词性物主代词。分析句子结构以及选项可知,应选反身代词ourselves,作宾语,表示我们为自己感到骄傲。feel proud of oneself“为自己感到骄傲”。故选C。
53.D
【解析】句意:我弟弟只有两岁。他年龄太小了不能照顾自己。
考查代词辨析。he他,主格;him他,宾格;his他的,形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词;himself他自己,反身代词。根据“ He is too young to”可知,弟弟年龄太小不能照顾自己,主语为He,此处应用look after oneself表示“照顾某人自己”,he的反身代词为himself。故选D。
54.C
【解析】句意:她去年自学了法语。
考查代词辨析。she她;her她、她的,宾格或形容词性物主代词;herself她自己,反身代词;hers她的,名词性物主代词。根据“She taught...French last year.”可知,此处“自学”就是“自己教自己”,此处应该使用“She”的反身代词“herself”,“taught herself French”表示“自学法语”。故选C。
55.D
【解析】句意:——你周日过得开心吗?——是的。聚会上每个人都玩得很开心。
考查反身代词。itself它自己;himself他自己;herself她自己;themselves他们自己。根据“Everybody”可知,主语为复数概念,指代“每个人”时强调整体,enjoy oneself为固定搭配,意为“玩得开心”,反身代词应用themselves。故选D。
56.D
【解析】句意:米妮试图为自己做一条连衣裙,但她把事情搞砸了。
考查反身代词辨析。myself我自己;yourself你自己;himself他自己;herself她自己。根据主语“Minnie (米妮,女性)”可知,这里要用对应的反身代词“herself”表示“她自己”。故选D。
57.C
【解析】句意:我独自完成了数学项目,没有任何人的帮助。
考查代词和介词短语。me我,是宾格;my我的,是形容词性物主代词;myself我自己,是反身代词;mine我的(东西),是名词性物主代词。by oneself“独自地”,因此用反身代词myself。故选C。
58.A
【解析】句意:——西蒙,昨晚你哥哥帮你做英语作业了吗?——不,我自己做的。
考查反身代词。myself我自己;yourself你自己;himself他自己;herself她自己。主语是I,对应的反身代词是myself。故选A。
59.D
【解析】句意:琳达,这个问题很简单。我想你可以自己回答。
考查代词辨析。myself我自己;himself他自己;herself她自己;yourself你自己。根据“I think you can answer it by...”可知,主语是you,所以此处用yourself。故选D。
60.B
【解析】句意:智能清洁机器人在完成扫地后,能够自行清洁,无需我们帮助就能保持无尘状态。
考查代词辨析。it它;itself它自己;them他们;themselves它们自己。根据“can clean...to stay dust-free without our help.”可知,此处说明智能扫地机器人可以自行清洁。The smart cleaning robot作主语,此处使用反身代词itself。故选B。
61.A
【解析】句意:在国际象棋俱乐部的第一节课上,我被要求向其他成员介绍我自己。
考查反身代词辨析。myself我自己;yourself你自己;ourselves我们自己;themselves他们自己。根据主语“I”可知,此处应与主语在人称和数上保持一致,使用第一人称单数反身代词。故选A。
62.D
【解析】句意:经过几分钟的思考,小男孩向我承诺会保守这个秘密。
考查代词辨析。me我,宾格;him他,宾格;myself我自己;himself他自己。“keep the secret to oneself”为固定短语,表示“保守秘密”,其中反身代词需与主语保持一致。主语是“the small boy”,对应的反身代词为himself。故选D。
63.A
【解析】句意:我能照顾自己,尽管这对我来说并不容易。
考查代词辨析。myself我自己,反身代词;me我,宾格形式;mine我的,名词性物主代词;my我的,形容词性物主代词。根据“I can look after...although it won’t be easy for...”可知,第一个空表示“照顾我自己”,需要用反身代词“myself”;第二个空“for”是介词,后面接人称代词的宾格形式“me”,表示“对我来说”。故选A。
64.D
【解析】句意:彝族的火把节充满了欢乐。人们穿上色彩鲜艳的衣服,围着篝火跳舞。
考查反身代词的用法。they是主格形式,意为“他们”;them 是宾格形式,意为“他们”;their是形容词性物主代词,意为“他们的”,后接名词;themselves是反身代词,意为“他们自己”。根据“dress”可知,此处应是“dress oneself”结构,意为“给他们自己穿衣服”,应用反身代词themselves。故选D。
65.D
【解析】句意:——吉姆,你好像不太对劲。你怎么了?——我头痛得厉害。
考查代词。you你,代词主格或宾格;yours你的,名词性物主代词;yourselves你们自己,反身代词;yourself你自己,反身代词。根据“I have a bad headache”可知,Jim今天状态不好,be oneself意为“处于正常状态”,固定用法。故选D。
二、
66. prefers to finish/complete herself
【解析】根据 “prefer to do sth.”表示“更喜欢做某事”,因为主语“She”是第三人称单数,应用“prefers”;“finish”和“complete”都有“完成”的意思; “by oneself”是固定短语,意为“独自地;靠自己”,“herself”是反身代词,符合此处语境。故填prefers;to;finish;herself。
67. be too hard on yourself
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,句中缺少“对自己要求太苛刻”的表达。根据句意,“对自己要求太苛刻”可以用“be too hard on yourself”表示,是固定表达结构。本句为祈使句的否定结构,be用动词原形。故填be;too;hard;on;yourself。
68. relax myself
【解析】根据汉语提示可知,空处所缺内容为relax oneself,固定短语,表示“放松自己”,relax是“放松”,主语是I,此处应用反身代词myself;and连接并列结构,前面是“to get close to nature”,其后动词应与get保持一致,故relax用动词原形。故填relax;myself。
69. by yourself
【解析】独自:by oneself;根据“you...”可知此处用反身代词yourself。故填by;yourself。
70. by yourself
【解析】对比所给中英文可知,设空处为“自己;独自”;by oneself“独自”,是固定词组,句子主语为“You”,所以反身代词用yourself。故填by;yourself。
71. recognise/recognize themselves mirrors
【解析】认出:recognize/recognize,情态动词后加动词原形;主语和宾语都是“Pigeons”,故宾语用反身代词themselves;in mirrors“在镜子里”。故填recognise/recognize;themselves;mirrors。
72. enjoyed myself
【解析】根据中英文提示可知,空处表示“玩得开心”,用enjoy oneself,主语是I,其反身代词为myself。由时间状语“Last night”可知,句子为一般过去时。故填enjoyed;myself。
73. get dressed himself dresses him
【解析】对比中英文可知,空处缺少“自己穿衣”和“给他穿衣”;结合英文题干和汉语提示可知,get dressed“穿衣服”,动词短语,空前有情态动词“can’t”,这里动词用原形;himself“他自己”,反身代词;dress sb.“给某人穿衣服”,其中dress为动词,句子时态为一般现在时,且主语“his mother”为第三人称单数,谓语动词dress应用三单形式dresses;him“他”,人称代词宾格,作动词“dresses”的宾语。故填get;dressed;himself;dresses;him。
74. dress yourself
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,dress oneself“自己穿衣服”,动词短语;根据“Could you…when you were three years old?”可知,句子是以“Could you”开头的一般疑问句,第一个空应用动词原形;yourself“你自己”,反身代词。故填dress;yourself。
75. enjoyed ourselves
【解析】enjoy oneself“玩得开心”,句子是一般过去时,动词用过去式;主语是we,反身代词用ourselves。故填enjoyed;ourselves。
76. by yourself
【解析】根据汉语提示可知,by oneself表示“独立”,根据“you can finish the task”可知,反身代词用yourself。故填by;yourself。
77. enjoy themselves
【解析】对比所给中英文可知,设空处为“玩得很开心”;enjoy oneself“玩得很开心”,固定词组,根据空前的“will”可知,此处用动词原形;根据主语为“They”可知,此处用themselves。故填enjoy;themselves。
78. taught himself
【解析】根据汉语提示及“He……English at home last year.”可知空缺为teach oneself表示“自学”,由“last year”可知应用过去时,he对应的反身代词为“himself”,故填taught himself。
79. by myself
【解析】by oneself靠自己,句中主语是I,反身代词用myself。故填by;myself。
80. by herself
【解析】根据所给句意可知,空白处表示“独自”,应用短语by oneself,根据主语“She”可知,此处反身代词用herself,意为“她自己”。故填by;herself。
81. more than
【解析】根据句意可知,比:than;更多:more,比较级通常位于than之前。故填more;than。
82. more clearly
【解析】根据语境和“than”可知,横线处应使用比较级,clearly表示“清楚地”,其比较级形式为more clearly。故填more;clearly。
83. harder than
【解析】学习认真:work hard;比:than,此处用副词的比较级harder。故填harder;than。
84. harder than
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,此处是much harder“认真得多,努力得多”,副词比较级修饰动词studies;than“比”。故填harder;than。
85. more widely
【解析】对比中英文可知,此空应填more widely“更广泛地”,副词比较级修饰动词,故填more;widely。
86. jumped farther
【解析】“跳”jump,根据“in the last school sports meeting.”可知,时态是一般过去时,所以谓语动词用过去式;“远”far,副词,修饰动词jump,由than可知,此处用far的比较级farther,故填jumped;farther。
87. harder than
【解析】harder“更努力”;than“比”,此处是与之前相比较。故填harder;than。
88. How exciting run
faster
【解析】第一句是感叹句,exciting表示“刺激的,激动的”,修饰物,是形容词,所以应用结构:How+形容词+主语+谓语。run“跑”,动词,位于动词不定式符号后,动词用原形;faster“更快”,是副词比较级,故填How;exciting;run;faster。
89. more loudly
【解析】根据“cried”可知“声音大”应用副词loudly来修饰动词,根据“than”可知应用loudly的比较级more loudly。故填more;loudly。
90. The more
【解析】根据中文提示可知,此处使用the+比较级……,the+比较级……“越……,越……”。越多:the more,位于句首,句首单词首字母大写。故填The;more。
91. the most
【解析】结合中英文可知,此处缺的是“最”,快速地quickly,是副词,因此应用quickly的最高级,前面需加定冠词the,英语表达为the most quickly。故填the;most。
92. the worst
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,空处应填“最糟糕”。the worst表示“最糟糕地”,用来修饰动词did。故填the;worst。
93. chooses songs carefully
【解析】根据句意可知是一般现在时,“choose songs选择歌曲”,主语是第三人称单数,choose后要加“s”,“细心”这里是修饰动词要用副词“carefully”,故填chooses;songs;carefully。
94. most seriously
【解析】对……认真:take sth seriously;最认真地:most seriously,故填most;seriously。
95. the most cheaply
【解析】根据中英文句子可知,空格处缺少“最便宜地”的英文表达,应用副词cheaply“便宜地”的最高级形式。故填the;most;cheaply。
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2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(译林版2024)
Unit 3 To be a good learner语法知识
必备知识清单
单元语法释疑
副词的比较级与最高级及反身代词
一、副词的比较级与最高级
(一)构成
1.规则变化
①一般情况:在词尾直接加 - er 构成比较级,加 - est 构成最高级。例如:
hard(努力地)→harder(更努力地)→hardest(最努力地)
fast(快地)→faster(更快地)→fastest(最快地)
high(高地)→higher(更高地)→highest(最高地)
②以不发音的字母 e 结尾:在词尾直接加 - r 构成比较级,加 - st 构成最高级。例如:
late(晚地)→later(更晚地)→latest(最晚地)
nice(好地)→nicer(更好地)→nicest(最好地)
③以辅音字母 + y 结尾:把 y 变为 i,再加 - er 构成比较级,加 - est 构成最高级。例如:
early(早地)→earlier(更早地)→earliest(最早地)
happy(愉快地)→happier(更愉快地)→happiest(最愉快地)
④部分双音节词和多音节词:分别在原级前加 more 构成比较级,加 most 构成最高级。例如:
slowly(缓慢地)→more slowly(更缓慢地)→most slowly(最缓慢地)
quickly(迅速地)→more quickly(更迅速地)→most quickly(最迅速地)
beautifully(漂亮地)→more beautifully(更漂亮地)→most beautifully(最漂亮地)
2.不规则变化
有一些副词的比较级和最高级变化是不规则的,需要特别记忆。例如:
well(好地)→better(更好地)→best(最好地)
badly(坏地;恶劣地)→worse(更坏地;更恶劣地)→worst(最坏地;最恶劣地)
much(多地)→more(更多地)→most(最多地)
little(少地)→less(更少地)→least(最少地)
far(远地)→farther/further(更远地)→farthest/furthest(最远地)
(二)用法
1.副词用原级的常用句型
①as + 副词原级 + as...:表示 “和…… 一样”。例如:
She runs as fast as her sister.(她跑得和她姐姐一样快。)
②not so (as) + 副词原级 + as...:表示 “不如……”。例如:
He doesn't study so hard as his classmates.(他学习不如他的同学们努力。)
2.副词用比较级的常用句型
①A + 副词比较级 + than + B:表示 “A 比 B……”。例如:
Tom drives more carefully than Jack.(汤姆开车比杰克更小心。)
②A + 副词比较级 + than any other + 单数名词或 all the other + 复数名词。例如:
He jumps higher than any other student in his class.(他比他班上其他任何一个学生都跳得高。)
③副词比较级 + and + 副词比较级:表示 “越来越……”。例如:
The plane is flying higher and higher.(飞机飞得越来越高。)
④the + 副词比较级,the + 副词比较级:表示 “越…… 就越……”。例如:
The harder you work, the better you will get.(你越努力工作,你得到的就会越好。)
⑤No other + 单数名词 + 比较级 + than...:表示 “没有其他…… 比…… 更……”。例如:
No other student runs faster than him in the school.(在学校里没有其他学生比他跑得更快。)
3.副词用最高级的常用句型
A + 副词最高级 + 表示范围的 of 或 in 短语:意为 “在…… 中最……”,副词最高级前通常不用定冠词 the。例如:
Of all the players, he plays football best.(在所有的运动员中,他足球踢得最好。)
In our class, she sings most beautifully.(在我们班,她唱歌最动听。)
二、反身代词的用法
(一)形式
反身代词是表示 “我自己,你自己,他 (她、它) 自己,我们自己,你们自己,他们自己” 的代词。第一、二人称是在形容词性物主代词后加 self 或 selves 构成,第三人称是在人称代词宾格后加 self 或 selves 构成。具体形式如下:
人称
单数
复数
第一人称
myself(我自己)
ourselves(我们自己)
第二人称
yourself(你自己)
yourselves(你们自己)
第三人称
himself(他自己)、herself(她自己)、itself(它自己)
themselves(他们 / 她们 / 它们自己)
(二)用法
1.作宾语:当宾语和主语是同一个人或事物时,用反身代词作宾语。例如:
He teaches himself English.(他自学英语。)
The little girl can dress herself.(这个小女孩能自己穿衣服。)
2.作表语:当表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物时,用反身代词作表语。例如:
The poor boy was myself.(那个可怜的男孩就是我自己。)
I'm not quite myself today.(我今天不太舒服。)
3.作主语或宾语的同位语:常用来加强语气,可位于名词或代词之后,也可位于句末。例如:
She herself cleaned the classroom. = She cleaned the classroom herself.(她自己打扫了教室。)
I met the writer himself last week.(上周我见到了那位作家本人。)
4.用在某些固定短语当中
①look after oneself / take care of oneself:照顾自己。例如:
You should look after yourself when your parents are away.(当你父母不在家时,你应该照顾好自己。)
②teach oneself sth. / learn sth. by oneself:自学。例如:
He taught himself French. = He learned French by himself.(他自学法语。)
③enjoy oneself:玩得高兴,过得愉快。例如:
We enjoyed ourselves at the party last night.(我们昨晚在聚会上玩得很开心。)
④help oneself to sth.:请自用……(随便吃 / 喝些……)。例如:
Help yourself to some fruit, please.(请随便吃些水果。)
⑤hurt oneself:摔伤自己。例如:
The boy hurt himself when he fell off the bike.(那个男孩从自行车上摔下来时摔伤了自己。)
⑥say to oneself:自言自语。例如:
She often says to herself when she is alone.(她独自一个人的时候经常自言自语。)
⑦leave sb. by oneself:把某人单独留下。例如:
Don't leave the little child by himself at home.(不要把小孩一个人留在家里。)
⑧buy oneself sth.:给自己买…… 东西。例如:
She bought herself a new dress.(她给自己买了一条新裙子。)
⑨introduce oneself:介绍自己。例如:
Let me introduce myself. I'm Tom.(让我来介绍一下自己。我是汤姆。)
核心知识回顾
含有反身代词的介词短语
在英语中,含有反身代词的介词短语在表达中起着重要作用,它们赋予句子独特的含义。
1.by oneself:表示 “独自地,单独地”,强调不依赖他人,独立完成某事 。
[例句]The old man lives by himself in the countryside.(这位老人独自住在乡下。)
[分析]常作状语,修饰动词,描述动作的执行者单独进行某一行为。
2.for oneself:有 “为自己;亲自” 的含义。
[例句]You need to think for yourself and make your own decision.
(你需要为自己考虑,做出自己的决定。)
Come and see for yourself.(亲自来看看。)
[分析]“为自己” 时,强调行为目的是满足自身需求;“亲自” 时,突出亲自去体验或了解。
3.to oneself:意思是 “供自己用;暗自,私下里” 。
[例句]She kept the delicious cake to herself.(她把美味的蛋糕留给自己吃。)
He was muttering to himself.(他在自言自语。)
[分析]“供自己用” 表示独享某物;“暗自,私下里” 用于描述某人内心的活动或小声嘀咕的状态。
4.of oneself:意为 “自动地,自然而然地”。
[例句]The door opened of itself.(门自己开了。)
[分析]常用来描述事物自发地发生某种变化或动作,不涉及人为干预。
5.in oneself:表示 “本身,本质上”。
[例句]The idea is good in itself, but it needs some improvement in practice.
(这个想法本身是好的,但在实践中还需要一些改进。)
[分析]用于对事物本身的性质、特点进行评价或分析。
6.between ourselves:意思是 “只限于咱俩之间(别外传)”。
[例句]This is just between ourselves, don't tell anyone else.
(这件事就我们俩知道,别告诉其他人。)
[分析]常用于提醒对方保守秘密,通常位于句首或句尾。
综合实战演练
一、单项选择
1.—John is good at English.
—Yes!No one speaks ______ than him in our class.
A.good B.well C.worse D.better
2.With the development of AI, people can finish work ________ than before.
A.easily B.more easily C.most easily D.easier
3.—The CR450 bullet train is amazing! It runs ________ than any other train in the world.
—Yeah, China’s high-speed rail technology is truly advanced.
A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.more fast
4.Rockets fly ________ than airplanes.
A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest
5.—Judy practices her oral English hard every day.
—So she does. She pronounces words _________ than before.
A.more clearly B.most clearly C.more happily D.most happily
6.As the saying goes, “Have more than we show but speak ________ than we know.”
A.little B.more C.less D.much
7.Lily runs ________ than her sister Lucy.
A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest
8.Our school basketball team trains ________ this year than last year.
A.carefully B.more carefully C.more careful D.careful
9.—Mr. Smith, would you please speak much ________?
—Sorry, I thought you could follow me.
A.slower B.more slowly C.slowly D.slow
10.In the group discussion, Sarah spoke ________ than before to share her ideas so that everyone could hear her clearly.
A.more quietly B.most quietly C.most loudly D.more loudly
11.—Doctor Lee, can you help that man in danger first? I’m afraid he is getting ________.
—I will do it immediately.
A.faster and faster B.worse and worse C.more and more healthily D.better and better
12.With the help of Mrs. Li, Li Hua does his homework ________.
A.carefully and carefully
B.more carefully and more carefully
C.more carefully and carefully
D.more and more carefully
13.—Why does the man want to increase his car’s speed?
—Because he wants to get to his destination (目的地) on time. _________ he drives, _________ he will get there.
A.The faster; the earlier B.The slower; the earlier
C.The faster; the later D.The slower; the later
14.At last, he began to cry ________.
A.hard and hard B.more hard and more hard
C.the harder and the harder D.harder and harder
15.Look! The kite is flying ________.
A.higher and higher B.more and more high C.high and high D.more and more highly
16.—I think his hard work will pay off.
—Of course. ________ he works, ________ he will be.
A.Hardly; luckily B.The hard; the lucky
C.The hardest; the luckiest D.The harder; the luckier
17.Learning is like mountain climbing. ______ you climb, ______ you will see.
A.The high; the far B.The higher; the far C.The higher; the farther D.The high; the farther
18.Generally speaking, the more you pay, _______ you will get better service.
A.the more easily B.the easier C.the harder D.the more hardly
19.—Could you tell me why you learn English so well?
—It’s very simple. ________ you study, ________ grades you will get.
A.The harder; better B.Harder; better C.The harder; the better D.Harder; the better
20.The ________ you drive, the ________ you are.
A.more carefully, safer B.carefully, safe
C.carefully, safer D.more careful, safer
21.________ you practice, ________ you can understand.
A.Much; good B.More; better C.The more; the better D.The most; the best
22.—What do you think is the meaning of “欲穷千里目,更上一层楼”?
—________ you stand, ________ you will see.
A.Higher, farther B.Higher, the farther
C.The higher, farther D.The higher, the farther
23.—How to become a good learner?
—The ________ you learn, the better you will learn.
A.wiser B.the wisest C.more wisely D.the most wisely
24.—Could you tell me why you always get good grades?
—________ you study, ________ mistakes you’ll make.
A.The harder, fewer B.The harder; the less C.Harder; fewer D.The harder; the fewer
25.—How do you improve your English, Li Ming?
—Well, ________ you speak, ________ your English will be.
A.the less; there more B.the more; the better C.the less; the better D.the more; the less
26.Health is important to all of us. In our daily life, ________ you eat, ________ you will be.
A.the better; the healthier B.the better; the more healthier C.the less; the healthier D.the less; the more healthier
27.Which do you like ________, tea or milk?
A.good B.better C.best D.the best
28.— Who jumps ________, Tom or Henry?
—Henry. In fact, he jumps ________ of all the boys.
A.long; longer B.longer; longest
C.long; longest D.longest; longer
29.—Who danced ________ in the competition, Greg or Tara?
—Tara, I think she acted pretty ________.
A.the best, well B.better, well C.the best, good D.well, good
30.Who sings ________, Alice or Linda?
A.beautiful B.beautifully C.more beautiful D.more beautifully
31.Which do you like ________, basketball or football?
A.good B.better C.best D.well
32.Who runs ________, Jack or Mike?
A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest
33.—Who did ________ in the math test, Jack or Tony?
—Tony did, I think.
A.good B.well C.better D.best
34.—What is your favorite subject, Mary?
—Of all the subjects, I like science ________ because it is interesting.
A.well B.better C.best D.the best
35.—Did Kate listen to the teacher in every class?
—Yes, actually, of all the students, she listened _________ .
A.the most careful B.more careful C.the most carefully D.more carefully
36.—Who usually comes to the classroom ________ in your class?
—Sue. She is always the first.
A.earlier B.earliest C.later D.latest
37.Among all my subjects, I like French ________. Learning foreign languages is fun.
A.good B.well C.better D.best
38.Chinese high-speed trains travel ________ of all the trains in the world so far.
A.fast B.faster C.much faster D.the fastest
39.Who chose ________ of all, Jack, Ann or Lily?
A.careful B.carefully C.the most careful D.most carefully
40.—Many actors are in My People, My Country. Who do you think act ________?
—Of course Mr. Huang. We can’t find ________ one.
A.better; a best B.a better; best
C.best; a better D.a best; better
41.—Who ran ________ in the school sports meet?
—Henry did, and he usually practices running on the playground.
A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.most fast
42.—Who jumps ________ in the high jump, Sam, Tom or Jim?
—Tom. He won the first place.
A.high B.higher
C.the higher D.highest
43.Who runs ________, Jane, Jones or Sally?
A.fastest B.faster C.most fastest D.fast
44.—Which do you like _______, fish, birds or dogs?
—Dogs.
A.good B.better C.best D.well
45.Which subject do you like ________, math, English or Chinese?
A.good B.well C.best D.better
46.Which season do you like ________, spring, summer or winter?
A.best B.well C.good D.better
47.—Which sport do you like ________, swimming, running or skating?
—I like skating.
A.good B.better C.best D.well
48.—Who does homework ________ Tom, Jack or Bill?
—Bill. He always looks it over after finishing it.
A.carefully B.more carefully C.less carefully D.the most carefully
49.—Who runs ________, Amy, Lily or Nancy?
—Lily.
A.more quickly B.most quickly C.quicker D.much quicker
50.Who do you think dances ________, Linda, Grace or Anna?
A.good B.well C.better D.best
51.Self-driving cars are smart enough to follow traffic rules and park ________.
A.they B.their C.them D.themselves
52.We felt proud of ________ after the activity.
A.our B.us C.ourselves D.ours
53.My brother is only two. He is too young to look after ________.
A.he B.him C.his D.himself
54.She taught ________ French last year.
A.she B.her C.herself D.hers
55.—Did you have a good Sunday?
—Yeah. Everybody enjoyed ________ at the party.
A.itself B.himself C.herself D.themselves
56.Minnie tried to make a dress for ________, but she made a mess of it.
A.myself B.yourself C.himself D.herself
57.I finished the math project all by ______ without anyone’s help.
A.me B.my C.myself D.mine
58.—Did your brother help you with your English homework last night, Simon?
—No, I did it all by ________.
A.myself B.yourself C.himself D.herself
59.Linda, this question is easy. I think you can answer it by ________.
A.myself B.himself C.herself D.yourself
60.The smart cleaning robot, after sweeping the floor completely, can clean ________ to stay dust-free without our help.
A.it B.itself C.them D.themselves
61.At my first class of the chess club, I was asked to introduce ________ to the other members.
A.myself B.yourself C.ourselves D.themselves
62.After several minutes’ thought, the small boy promised me to keep the secret to ______.
A.me B.him C.myself D.himself
63.I can look after ________, although it won’t be easy for ________.
A.myself; me B.mine; me C.myself; my D.mine; my
64.The Yi people’s Torch Festival is full of joy. People dress ________ in colorful clothes and dance around the fire.
A.they B.them C.their D.themselves
65.—Jim, you don’t seem to be quite ________. What’s the matter with you?
—I have a bad headache.
A.you B.yours C.yourselves D.yourself
二、完成句子
66.她更喜欢自己做这项工作。
She the work by .
67.不要对自己要求太苛刻。
Don’t .
68.每个周末,我都喜欢亲近大自然,放松自己。
Every weekend, I like to get close to nature and .
69.你能独自完成这项工作吗?
Can you finish the work ?
70.你应该自己完成这项作业。
You should finish the homework .
71.鸽子能够在镜子里认出自己。
Pigeons can in .
72.昨晚我玩得很开心。
Last night, I really .
73.这个小孩自己不能穿衣,他妈妈给他穿衣。
This kid can’t , and his mother .
74.——你三岁的时候能自己穿衣服吗?
——不能,我需要妈妈帮忙。
—Could you when you were three years old?
—No, I couldn’t. I needed my mother to help.
75.上个星期天我的父母和我去了北京,我们玩得很愉快。
Last Sunday my parents and I went to Beijing. We there.
76.我希望你能独立完成任务。
I hope you can finish the task .
77.他们会在派对上玩得很开心。
They will at the party.
78.去年他在家自学英语。
He English at home last year.
79.我自己打扫了教室。
I cleaned the classroom all .
80.她独自画了这幅漫画。
She drew the cartoon .
81.你可能懂得比你认为得多。
You probably understand you think.
82.我认为安娜比内莉唱得更清楚。
I think Anna sang than Nelly.
83.我认为我学习比本杰明认真。
I think I study Benjamin.
84.我认为Mike学习比他弟弟认真得多。
I think Mike studies much his brother.
85.随着科学的发展,计算机将得到更广泛的应用。
With the development of science, computers will be used .
86.蒂姆在上次校运会中跳的比我远。
Tim than me in the last school sports meeting.
87.为了能更好表演戏剧,我比以往更加努力学习英语。
I study English even before to perform the play better.
88.100米赛跑多刺激啊!每个选手都想跑得比别人快。
the 100-meter race was! Each player wanted to than the others.
89.彼得的哭喊声比他哥哥的声音大。
Peter cried than his brother.
90. we get together, the happier we will be.
我们相聚得越多,就会越快乐。
91.你可以在那儿最快地买到票。
You can buy tickets quickly there.
92.他的工作做得最糟糕。
He did the work .
93.107.9 FM广播台选择歌曲最细心。
107.9 FM Radio Station the most .
94.在我们班,他对待英语作业最认真。
He takes English homework in our class.
95.在她的网店里,你能最便宜地买到鞋子。
You can buy shoes in her online store.
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