专题06 阅读理解（议论文）（天津专用）-【好题汇编】2025年天津高考英语二模试题分类汇编

专题06 阅读理解（议论文） （2025年和平二模） Sorry, I’m just now seeing your email! (You sent it 15 minutes ago.) Sorry that you completely misinterpreted that thing I said Sorry you just rammed (冲撞) into me with your grocery-store cart. Apology is everywhere in conversations and communications. We drop it indiscriminately crying “my fault” for all manner of things we really should’t be sorry for-and diluting (稀释) the apologies that truly matter. Is it time to stop? Could we even cut back if we wanted to? “Sorry” has lost its meaning, she realized, no longer a heartfelt declaration of remorse (燠悔) but a knee-jerk (下意识的) response. Now, faced with the blinking cursor (光标) of a blank email, Ms. Julig asks herself, did I miss something, or mess someone else up? If the answer is no, she’s not sorry. “Don’t give away your power,” suggests Jeffrey Pfeffer, a professor of organizational behavior at Stanford Graduate School of Business and author of a book about commanding authority at work. Apologizing in business, especially when you’ve actually done something wrong, is just asking for trouble, he says. People are never satisfied with an apology, he adds. Groveling (卑躬屈膝) and exhibiting vulnerability (脆弱) only make you look weak and sink team morale (士气). “Always feeling like you need to say ‘sorry’ makes you kind of feel like crap,” says Jen Fisher, the chief well-being officer for Deloitte. Last year, she logged her own apologies, flagging the ones that felt unnecessary and replacing them with expressions of gratitude. Have to move a meeting? Try, “I appreciate your flexibility,” or “I’m grateful for your understanding,” she says. Remember that it’s not your responsibility to apologize for things out of your control, such as the weather or a client moving a deadline. Putting “sorry” on loop (循环,环状) waters down the moments when you really do need to show remorse, she adds. And of course, people often employ “sorry” to mean exactly the opposite, more a passive-aggressive insult (冒犯) than real regret. Be aware of how others respond when you use words of contrition (忏悔), Dr. Tannen cautions. If colleagues call out your apologizing, you might explain that you were just saying you were sorry a thing happened, and not sorry sorry. Kingston Vickers tried. After moving to Texas years ago, the native Canadian resolved to remove the “ehs” and “sorrys” from his vocabulary. Doing so consumed so much mental effort that he grew nervous when talking and wasn’t as effective at his sales job. Now he embraces his tendency, and says his work has benefited. 51．Which of the following is not a disadvantage of always wanting to apologize? A．It may weaken the power of true apologies. B．The people you apologize to may ask for more. C．It makes it easy for people to look down on you. D．It can do harm to the people you work with in business. 52．What suggestion does Jen Fisher give about making apologies? A．Try putting sorry on loops. B．Avoid apologies as many as possible. C．Express more appreciation than apologies. D．Only apologize for things out of your control. 53．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．Making apologies too much can be harmful to us mentally and physically. B．Sometimes when people say they are sorry they do not genuinely mean that. C．We should avoid making apologies in business world to avoid being exploited. D．Sorry has lost its meaning so we should choose other words to express our regret. 54．What can we infer from the example of Kingston Vickers? A．Natural communication style can enhance job performance. B．Apologizing is an important part of Canadian culture. C．Adapting to a new communication style is always beneficial for work. D．Trying to stop apologizing is a waste of time and energy. 55．What is the main idea of the passage? A．We should stop using the word “sorry” in our daily conversations. B．The overuse and misuse of the word “sorry” in conversations and communications. C．People from different cultures have different attitudes towards apologizing. D．There are better ways to express remorse than just saying “sorry”. （2025年河北二模） Ancient Greek philosopher Socrates famously declared that the unexamined life wasn't worth living for a human being, implying that we should attempt to know ourselves, to think through our actions, choices, prejudices, and attitudes. But when it comes to thinking about our own happiness and what makes our lives go well, it really does seem that this reflective attitude can ruin our chances of finding what we seek. For instance, constantly overthinking our social interactions or obsessing over minor details at work can lead to missed opportunities and increased anxiety. Perhaps, in our quest for self-improvement, we need to achieve harmony between reflection and action. Perhaps it's not surprising that we are better designed for engaging in other activities than reflecting on how best to achieve our own happiness and well-being. Doing things that enhance our growth in physical, social, and intellectual areas tends to bring the reward of feeling good, and so stimulates us further to pursue those activities. Sitting around reflecting on what will make us happy is a lot less efficient than chasing the things that make us happy. If we think too much, there is an opportunity cost — time that we could have spent in a worthwhile activity has gone while we were thinking deeply about the best way to develop. The philosopher David has explored the role of reflective thinking in sports, and his observations offer valuable insights. He notes that while athletes must think about the basic actions they perform, overthinking the mechanics of those actions can be counterproductive. For instance, a footballer needs to focus on kicking the ball low and hard to the left of the goalkeeper, but not on the minute movements of the legs and feet that produce the desired outcome. Overthinking often leads to a poorer performance; instead, an automatic response to the situation is required. This is because the human mind and body are designed to work in harmony when engaged in activities, and overthinking disrupts this natural flow. A similar dynamic could also be operating in our lives. Individuals who start detailed programs of self-development in various dimensions, focusing on diet, habits, exercise, mental activity, work output, and so on, are like the footballer overthinking their development. Their well-intentioned self-reflection might actually prevent them from achieving a high level of fulfillment. Sometimes, it is better to engage in activities wholeheartedly rather than constantly analyzing every aspect of our lives. After all, happiness may be found more easily through action than through endless contemplation. As we know, the path to fulfillment, then, may lie not in relentless self-dissection, but in the courage to act — even imperfectly — while allowing reflection to guide, not govern, our lives. 50．By citing Socrates in Paragraph 1, the author primarily intends to . A．show the history of self-examination B．compare ancient and modern views C．criticize philosophical traditions D．introduce the topic of reflection 51．What may cause an opportunity cost according to the passage? A．Spending time on worthy activities. B．Focusing on efficient physical exercises. C．Spending too much time in self-reflection. D．Participating actively in social interactions. 52．Why does the author mention David's observations? A．To praise a wise philosopher. B．To show overthinking effects. C．To teach readers football skills. D．To argue for reflective thinking. 53．The author believes happiness is primarily achieved by . A．recording every life detail for analysis B．balancing action with timely reflection C．studying happiness theories extensively D．following self-improvement checklists strictly 54．How does the author develop this passage? A．By using numbers and test results. B．By telling stories from his own life. C．By comparing old and new ideas about thinking. D．By giving examples from sports and philosophy. 55．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Thinking deeply guarantees success. B．Philosophers misunderstand human nature. C．Overthinking may prevent self-improvement. D．Physical activities outweigh mental exercises. （2025年红桥二模） Ralph Emerson once said that the purpose of life is not to be happy, but to be useful, to be loving, to make some difference in he world. While we appreciate such words of wisdom, we rarely try to follow them in our lives. Most people prefer to live a good life themselves, ignoring their responsibilities for the world. This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering. A good life based on comfort and luxury may eventually lead to more pain be-cause we spoil our health and even our character, principles, ideals, and relationships. What then, is the secret of a good life? A good life is a process, not a state of being : a direction, not a destination. We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their happiness is the very source of our own happiness. More importantly, we must know ourselves inside out. Only when we examine ourselves deeply can we discover our abilities and recognize our limitations, and then work accordingly to create a better world. The first requirement for a good life is having a loving heart. When we do certain right things merely as a duty, we find our job so tiresome that we’ll soon burn out. However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling. However, love alone is insufficient to lead a good life. Love sometimes blinds us to the reality. Consequently, our good intentions may not lead to good results. To achieve desired outcome, those who want to do good to others also need to equip themselves with accurate world knowledge. False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance. If love is the engine of a car knowledge is the steering wheel(方向盘). If the engine lacks power, the car can’t move; if the driver loses control of the steering, a road accident probably occurs. Only with love in heart and the right knowledge in mind can we lead a good life. With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others. When we see the impact of our good work on the world we give meaning to our life and earn lasting joy and happiness. 51．What effect does the narrow perception of a good life have on us? A．Making us simple-minded B．Making us short-sighted. C．Leading us onto a busy road. D．Keeping us from comfort and luxury. 52．According to the author, how can one gain true happiness? A．Through maintaining good health. B．By going through pain and suffering. C．By recognizing one’s abilities and limitations. D．Through offering help much needed by others. 53．According to Paragraph 4, doing certain right things with a loving heart makes one________. A．less selfish B．less annoying C．more motivated D．more responsible 54．In what case may good intentions fail to lead to desired results? A．When we have wrong knowledge of the world. B．When our love for the world is insufficient. C．When we are insensitive to dangers in life. D．When we stay blind to the reality. 55．According to Paragraph 5, life can be made truly good when ________. A．inspired by love and guided by knowledge B．directed by love and pushed by knowledge C．purified by love and enriched by knowledge D．promoted by love and defined by knowledge （2025年九校二模） In today’s closely-connected world, silence is rare and undervalued. From morning to night, we are flooded with notifications, social media, and distractions. But at what cost? Constant engagement consumes our time and disturbs peace of mind. However, silence is of great significance nowadays. Silence is as essential to mental health as nutrients are to physical well-being. We carefully choose what we eat but rarely consider the mental input we absorb. Just as our bodies need rest, our minds need quiet to slow down, process information, and restore cognitive (认知的) energy. Yet, the myth of multitasking makes this difficult. Studies show it reduces efficiency and focus by forcing the brain to switch between tasks, consuming mental resources. We have grown so used to life’s constant stimulation that stillness feels uncomfortable. However, absence of constant stimulation allows the brain to ease stress, enhance concentration and spark creativity. Even a brief pause, like watching the clouds, can help reset the mind. As artist Leonard Koren noted, silence is “an emptiness full of possibilities”. Modern life fills us with sensory overload. Screens flash, notifications demand attention, and artificial noise fills every space. Recognizing this, many turn to nature for relief. For example, the Japanese practice of shinrin-yoku has been shown to lower stress, reduce blood pressure and improve cognition. Natural settings, with their soft sounds and quiet atmosphere, provide a much-needed comfort zone for the mind. Yet, true silence is increasingly difficult to approach. Whether at work, home or even on vacation, we remain constantly connected. The habitual urge to reach for our phones during spare time reveals our discomfort with stillness. But silence is not an absence — it is a space for reflection and self-connection. Small steps, like turning off notifications for an hour or walking without a phone, help cultivate stillness. Over time, these moments become essential for mental and emotional well-being. In a world demanding constant connectivity, seeking silence is an act of self-preservation. Next time you feel the urge to check your phone, pause. Sit in silence. Your mind will thank you. 51．In Paragraph 1, the author presents ________. A．an imaginary scene B．the brief conclusion C．a vivid example D．the main topic 52．According to the passage, how does multitasking affect the brain? A．It enhances cognitive energy. B．It increases the brain’s capacity. C．It lowers focus and efficiency. D．It chooses our mental output. 53．How does the author view modern life’s constant stimulation? A．As a source of stress and distraction. B．As something necessary in daily life. C．As something beneficial to mental health. D．As a way to connect with others. 54．What might the Japanese practice of shinrin-yoku be? A．Film watching. B．Forest bathing. C．Vehicle noises. D．Amusement parks. 55．What might be the best title of the passage? A．Multitasking: a Solution to Silence B．Emptiness: a Limit for Possibilities C．Silence: Well-being to Embrace D．Connectivity: Space for Silence （2025年耀华二模） I watch documentaries, not movies. I read history books, not fiction. I use every free moment to accomplish one of the tasks on my never-ending checklist, and I am completely filled with thoughts of productivity. An hour sleeping is an hour wasted. And like the rest of 21st century America, I like it. But this fixation (固恋) on productivity is increasingly destroying character and transforming men into robots. New York Times columnist David Brooks warned American University students of this cultural decline in a speech. “We cut off all things spiritual and emotional in a competitive urge to stand out”, he said, “The pressure to succeed professionally, to acquire skills, to do the things you need to do to succeed in an information age economy really became the overwhelming (难以应付的) pressure, and it sort of eclipses the thinking about character and morality.” Many students happily go to college, viewing it as a next step on their rise to professional achievement. Forcing as many success-building activities into their schedules as they can, they enjoy keeping busy with little sleep. “Today’s outstanding kids are likely to spend their afternoons and weekends shuttling from one skill-improving activity to the next,” Brooks wrote in an article, “We fear failure more than we desire success.” A century ago, college was about character building. Today, our characters are in decline. We are experts on economics, material things and professional skills. We fail to discuss and understand relationships, emotions and all things spiritual. Philosophers Karl Popper divided the world into two categories: Clocks and Clouds. Clock problems are those that can be taken apart, examined and solved through deductive reasoning (演绎推理). Clouds cannot be taken apart. Cloud problems represent whole systems that need to be understood in a different way. “When we have a Cloud problem, we try to turn into a Clock problem,” Brooks said. And in a reason-centered culture, adding titles to one’s resume becomes a trend. At American University, 85 percent of seniors (and 89 percent of business majors) graduate with at least one practical experience which is often helpful to a student’s future career, but can sometimes draw focus away from academics. To prevent the death of man’s character, Brooks urges rediscovering our human matures through falling in love. And by love he means love for a task, job, or another person. “Synchronicity (同步性) is key to happiness,” he said. Rather than crazily increasing our long lists of accomplishments, we need to lose ourselves in what we do, and success will come on its own. 51．From Paragraph 1, we can learn that people ________. A．are controlled by time B．are keen on reading books C．are eager to achieve more D．are changing their characters 52．According to Brooks’ warning, what is the ultimate consequence of emphasizing professional success? A．A society driven by emotional intelligence. B．A stronger focus on academic excellence. C．A loss of moral and spiritual depth in individuals. D．An increase in collaborative problem-solving skills. 53．Paragraph 4 is mainly developed by ________. A．making comparisons B．following the time order C．giving examples D．analyzing causes 54．The last paragraph mainly tells us that ________. A．love is more important than focus B．the focus on human natures counts C．more work contributes to happiness D．success comes from devotion to work. 55．The purpose of this passage is to ________. A．raise awareness to character building B．stress the importance of productivity C．warn about the pressure to seek success D．criticize students’ desire for achievements （2025年新华二模） Anybody can write. I believe it as much as I believe that nobody is boring. Are people writing more? I believe so. There is a lot of writing going on. All kinds of writing — amateur writing, professional writing, creative writing, boring writing, etc. Enthusiastic reader is hardly a thing anymore. Storyteller, published author and productive blogger are words that decorate people’s bio more often. The trend of listing what one is reading has been replaced by listing self-authored articles. Reading is unavoidable. Reading generates the road map for a society’s progress. But then why write? The most substantial reason could be ease of Expression, Record, and Reach. Enabled by present-day technology, the ease of Record (digitally saved forever) and Reach (to readers anywhere in the world) are undoubtedly the more straightforward motivations to write. But ease of Expression? We perhaps partly owe that to technology too. The social shaping (e. g. messaging behaviors) caused by technology has resulted in the breakdown of structures and rules of writing to a great extent, if not entirely, thus freeing up the technique of writing like music and art. Consequently, writing in all forms (short-long), structures (words-graphics-sound), and shapes (books-blogs-posts-tweets-open letters) has appeared like a movement. Writing is a promise, It is a promise to deliver not just pleasure, information, or inspiration; it is a promise to care. Writing can be intrusive (侵扰的). It can even be rude, as Joan Didion puts it in her essay Why I Write. The readers are the victims of the writer’s thoughts and views. But that’s how writers challenge the readers to think, look around and push back. Even after we have managed to ease the disciplinary demands of good literature, it still wouldn’t take the pain away from writing because thinking is the pain point of writing. We have to make things up or think about things we see. One could be as local, raw, and not remain preoccupied with presenting a stylized piece of sentence and still find a platform to write. But let us ensure we don’t ever give up thinking and never make writing completely painless. 51．What phenomenon is described in paragraph 1? A．Writing has become more popular. B．People no longer enjoy reading books. C．Readers are uninterested in others’ reading lists. D．Listing self-authored articles is a new form of social networking. 52．How has technology influenced writing? A．It has made writing more structured and formal. B．It has strengthened the bonds between writing and art. C．It has made writing more accessible and diverse. D．It has decreased the number of professional writers. 53．What is the ultimate purpose of writing according to Joan Didion? A．To entertain and amuse readers. B．To deliver the latest information. C．To impress readers with literary skills. D．To inspire readers to form new thoughts. 54．What does the author expect of writing? A．The challenges of thinking should be valued. B．There will be various platforms to choose from. C．There will be more works focusing on pain in life. D．The disciplinary demands of good literature will stay. 55．Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? A．The relationship between reading and writing. B．The influence of technology on writing. C．The various forms and trends of modern writing. D．The reasons and nature of writing in modern society. 1 / 37 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题06 阅读理解（议论文） （2025年和平二模） Sorry, I’m just now seeing your email! (You sent it 15 minutes ago.) Sorry that you completely misinterpreted that thing I said Sorry you just rammed (冲撞) into me with your grocery-store cart. Apology is everywhere in conversations and communications. We drop it indiscriminately crying “my fault” for all manner of things we really should’t be sorry for-and diluting (稀释) the apologies that truly matter. Is it time to stop? Could we even cut back if we wanted to? “Sorry” has lost its meaning, she realized, no longer a heartfelt declaration of remorse (燠悔) but a knee-jerk (下意识的) response. Now, faced with the blinking cursor (光标) of a blank email, Ms. Julig asks herself, did I miss something, or mess someone else up? If the answer is no, she’s not sorry. “Don’t give away your power,” suggests Jeffrey Pfeffer, a professor of organizational behavior at Stanford Graduate School of Business and author of a book about commanding authority at work. Apologizing in business, especially when you’ve actually done something wrong, is just asking for trouble, he says. People are never satisfied with an apology, he adds. Groveling (卑躬屈膝) and exhibiting vulnerability (脆弱) only make you look weak and sink team morale (士气). “Always feeling like you need to say ‘sorry’ makes you kind of feel like crap,” says Jen Fisher, the chief well-being officer for Deloitte. Last year, she logged her own apologies, flagging the ones that felt unnecessary and replacing them with expressions of gratitude. Have to move a meeting? Try, “I appreciate your flexibility,” or “I’m grateful for your understanding,” she says. Remember that it’s not your responsibility to apologize for things out of your control, such as the weather or a client moving a deadline. Putting “sorry” on loop (循环,环状) waters down the moments when you really do need to show remorse, she adds. And of course, people often employ “sorry” to mean exactly the opposite, more a passive-aggressive insult (冒犯) than real regret. Be aware of how others respond when you use words of contrition (忏悔), Dr. Tannen cautions. If colleagues call out your apologizing, you might explain that you were just saying you were sorry a thing happened, and not sorry sorry. Kingston Vickers tried. After moving to Texas years ago, the native Canadian resolved to remove the “ehs” and “sorrys” from his vocabulary. Doing so consumed so much mental effort that he grew nervous when talking and wasn’t as effective at his sales job. Now he embraces his tendency, and says his work has benefited. 51．Which of the following is not a disadvantage of always wanting to apologize? A．It may weaken the power of true apologies. B．The people you apologize to may ask for more. C．It makes it easy for people to look down on you. D．It can do harm to the people you work with in business. 52．What suggestion does Jen Fisher give about making apologies? A．Try putting sorry on loops. B．Avoid apologies as many as possible. C．Express more appreciation than apologies. D．Only apologize for things out of your control. 53．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．Making apologies too much can be harmful to us mentally and physically. B．Sometimes when people say they are sorry they do not genuinely mean that. C．We should avoid making apologies in business world to avoid being exploited. D．Sorry has lost its meaning so we should choose other words to express our regret. 54．What can we infer from the example of Kingston Vickers? A．Natural communication style can enhance job performance. B．Apologizing is an important part of Canadian culture. C．Adapting to a new communication style is always beneficial for work. D．Trying to stop apologizing is a waste of time and energy. 55．What is the main idea of the passage? A．We should stop using the word “sorry” in our daily conversations. B．The overuse and misuse of the word “sorry” in conversations and communications. C．People from different cultures have different attitudes towards apologizing. D．There are better ways to express remorse than just saying “sorry”. 【答案】51．D 52．C 53．B 54．A 55．B 【知识点】社会问题与社会现象、议论文 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕“道歉”探讨了道歉文化以及其影响，并说明了改变道歉习惯可能带来的问题。 51．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Apologizing in business, especially when you’ve actually done something wrong, is just asking for trouble, he says. People are never satisfied with an apology, he adds. Groveling (卑躬屈膝) and exhibiting vulnerability (脆弱) only make you look weak and sink team morale (士气).(在商业活动中道歉，尤其是当你确实做了错事的时候，简直就是自找麻烦。他还补充说，人们永远不会对一次道歉感到满足。卑躬屈膝和表现出自己的脆弱只会让你显得软弱，还会打击团队士气)”可知，过度且不恰当的道歉行为对商业伙伴或团队关系的负面影响，而不是本身会直接伤害同事关系。由此可知，选项D“It can do harm to the people you work with in business.(它可能会伤害到与你共事的商业伙伴)”并不是总想道歉的直接劣势。故选D。 52．细节理解题。根据文章第四段““Always feeling like you need to say ‘sorry’ makes you kind of feel like crap,” says Jen Fisher, the chief well-being officer for Deloitte. Last year, she logged her own apologies, flagging the ones that felt unnecessary and replacing them with expressions of gratitude.(德勤公司的首席幸福官Jen Fisher说：“总是觉得自己需要说‘抱歉’会让你感觉糟透了。”去年，她记录下了自己的道歉行为，标记出那些她觉得不必要的道歉，并把它们换成了感激之词)”以及第五段“Have to move a meeting? Try, “I appreciate your flexibility,” or “I’m grateful for your understanding,” she says. Remember that it’s not your responsibility to apologize for things out of your control, such as the weather or a client moving a deadline. Putting “sorry” on loop (循环,环状) waters down the moments when you really do need to show remorse, she adds.(要是不得不更改会议时间呢？可以试着说：“感谢你的灵活性。”或者“感谢你的理解。”她说。要记住，对于那些你无法控制的事情，比如天气或者客户更改了截止日期，你没有责任去道歉。她还补充说，不停地说“抱歉”会淡化那些你真正需要表达悔意的时刻)”可知，Jen Fisher建议表达更多的感激之情而不是道歉。故选C。 53．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“And of course, people often employ “sorry” to mean exactly the opposite, more a passive-aggressive insult (冒犯) than real regret.(当然，人们经常会用“抱歉”来表达完全相反的意思，这更多的是一种带有消极攻击性的冒犯，而不是真正的懊悔)”可知，有时人们说抱歉并非真心。故选B。 54．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Kingston Vickers tried. After moving to Texas years ago, the native Canadian resolved to remove the “ehs” and “sorrys” from his vocabulary. Doing so consumed so much mental effort that he grew nervous when talking and wasn’t as effective at his sales job. Now he embraces his tendency, and says his work has benefited.( Kingston Vickers曾尝试过改变。几年前搬到得克萨斯州后，这位土生土长的加拿大人决心从自己的词汇中去掉 “呃”和“抱歉”这类词。但这样做耗费了他太多的心力，以至于他在交谈时变得紧张不安，做销售工作时也没有那么高效了。现在，他接受了自己的这种习惯，并且说他的工作因此受益了)”可知，Kingston Vickers试图改变道歉习惯却导致工作表现下降，而恢复自然沟通方式后工作受益，由此推断自然的沟通风格能提升工作表现。故选A。 55．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章开篇通过列举生活中频繁道歉的场景，引出“道歉在对话和交流中无处不在，我们常为不应抱歉之事随意道歉，稀释了真正重要的道歉”这一话题。接着，阐述了“抱歉”一词失去原本意义，变成下意识反应的现象，还引用不同人的观点说明过度道歉的弊端，如在商业中可能带来麻烦、让人感觉糟糕等，同时提到人们有时用 “抱歉”表达相反意思。最后通过Kingston Vickers的例子进一步说明改变道歉习惯可能带来的问题。因此，文章的主要观点是在对话和交流中“抱歉”一词的过度使用和误用。故选B。 （2025年河北二模） Ancient Greek philosopher Socrates famously declared that the unexamined life wasn't worth living for a human being, implying that we should attempt to know ourselves, to think through our actions, choices, prejudices, and attitudes. But when it comes to thinking about our own happiness and what makes our lives go well, it really does seem that this reflective attitude can ruin our chances of finding what we seek. For instance, constantly overthinking our social interactions or obsessing over minor details at work can lead to missed opportunities and increased anxiety. Perhaps, in our quest for self-improvement, we need to achieve harmony between reflection and action. Perhaps it's not surprising that we are better designed for engaging in other activities than reflecting on how best to achieve our own happiness and well-being. Doing things that enhance our growth in physical, social, and intellectual areas tends to bring the reward of feeling good, and so stimulates us further to pursue those activities. Sitting around reflecting on what will make us happy is a lot less efficient than chasing the things that make us happy. If we think too much, there is an opportunity cost — time that we could have spent in a worthwhile activity has gone while we were thinking deeply about the best way to develop. The philosopher David has explored the role of reflective thinking in sports, and his observations offer valuable insights. He notes that while athletes must think about the basic actions they perform, overthinking the mechanics of those actions can be counterproductive. For instance, a footballer needs to focus on kicking the ball low and hard to the left of the goalkeeper, but not on the minute movements of the legs and feet that produce the desired outcome. Overthinking often leads to a poorer performance; instead, an automatic response to the situation is required. This is because the human mind and body are designed to work in harmony when engaged in activities, and overthinking disrupts this natural flow. A similar dynamic could also be operating in our lives. Individuals who start detailed programs of self-development in various dimensions, focusing on diet, habits, exercise, mental activity, work output, and so on, are like the footballer overthinking their development. Their well-intentioned self-reflection might actually prevent them from achieving a high level of fulfillment. Sometimes, it is better to engage in activities wholeheartedly rather than constantly analyzing every aspect of our lives. After all, happiness may be found more easily through action than through endless contemplation. As we know, the path to fulfillment, then, may lie not in relentless self-dissection, but in the courage to act — even imperfectly — while allowing reflection to guide, not govern, our lives. 50．By citing Socrates in Paragraph 1, the author primarily intends to . A．show the history of self-examination B．compare ancient and modern views C．criticize philosophical traditions D．introduce the topic of reflection 51．What may cause an opportunity cost according to the passage? A．Spending time on worthy activities. B．Focusing on efficient physical exercises. C．Spending too much time in self-reflection. D．Participating actively in social interactions. 52．Why does the author mention David's observations? A．To praise a wise philosopher. B．To show overthinking effects. C．To teach readers football skills. D．To argue for reflective thinking. 53．The author believes happiness is primarily achieved by . A．recording every life detail for analysis B．balancing action with timely reflection C．studying happiness theories extensively D．following self-improvement checklists strictly 54．How does the author develop this passage? A．By using numbers and test results. B．By telling stories from his own life. C．By comparing old and new ideas about thinking. D．By giving examples from sports and philosophy. 55．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Thinking deeply guarantees success. B．Philosophers misunderstand human nature. C．Overthinking may prevent self-improvement. D．Physical activities outweigh mental exercises. 【答案】50．D 51．C 52．B 53．B 54．D 55．C 【知识点】哲理感悟、议论文 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了过度思考可能会阻碍自我提升，我们应在行动和反思之间找到平衡，幸福可能更多地通过行动而非无尽的沉思来实现。 50．推理判断题。根据第一段“Ancient Greek philosopher Socrates famously declared that the unexamined life wasn't worth living for a human being, implying that we should attempt to know ourselves, to think through our actions, choices, prejudices, and attitudes. (古希腊哲学家苏格拉底有句名言：未经审视的生活对人类来说是不值得过的，这意味着我们应该努力了解自己，思考我们的行为、选择、偏见和态度。)” 可知，作者引用苏格拉底的话是为了引出反思这个话题。故选D。 51．细节理解题。根据第二段“If we think too much, there is an opportunity cost — time that we could have spent in a worthwhile activity has gone while we were thinking deeply about the best way to develop. (如果我们思考得太多，就会有机会成本 —— 当我们在深入思考最佳发展方式时，我们本可以花在有价值活动上的时间就过去了。)” 可知，花太多时间在自我反思上会导致机会成本。故选C。 52．推理判断题。根据第三段“He notes that while athletes must think about the basic actions they perform, overthinking the mechanics of those actions can be counterproductive .(他指出，虽然运动员必须考虑他们所执行的基本动作，但过度思考这些动作的机制可能会适得其反。)” 可知，作者提到大卫的观察是为了展示过度思考的影响。故选B。 53．细节理解题。根据第一段“Perhaps, in our quest for self - improvement, we need to achieve harmony between reflection and action. (也许，在我们追求自我提升的过程中，我们需要在反思和行动之间实现和谐。)” 以及最后一段 “As we know, the path to fulfillment, then, may lie not in relentless self - dissection, but in the courage to act — even imperfectly — while allowing reflection to guide, not govern, our lives. (正如我们所知，通往实现自我的道路可能不在于无情的自我剖析，而在于有勇气去行动 —— 即使不完美 —— 同时让反思来引导，而不是支配我们的生活。)” 可知，作者认为幸福主要是通过平衡行动和及时反思来实现的。故选B。 54．推理判断题。文章第一段通过引用古希腊哲学家苏格拉底的话引入反思的话题，接着第二段指出过度反思存在机会成本，第三段引用哲学家大卫在体育方面的观察，以足球运动员为例说明过度思考动作的力学原理会适得其反，第四段将这种情况类比到生活中，说明在生活中过度的自我反思也可能阻碍实现高度的满足感，最后一段得出结论。由此可见，作者是通过举体育和哲学方面的例子来展开文章的。故选D。 55．主旨大意题。文章开篇引用苏格拉底的话引出反思的话题，接着指出过度反思会破坏我们找到幸福的机会，如第一段“But when it comes to thinking about our own happiness and what makes our lives go well, it really does seem that this reflective attitude can ruin our chances of finding what we seek. (但当涉及到思考我们自己的幸福以及什么能让我们的生活变得美好时，这种反思态度似乎确实会破坏我们找到所求之物的机会。)”第二段提到过度思考存在机会成本，第三段以运动员为例说明过度思考动作技巧会适得其反，第四段指出在生活中类似的情况也会发生，个体过度的自我发展反思可能阻碍他们实现高度的满足感，最后一段总结实现满足感的途径在于行动，让反思起到引导作用。综合全文可知，文章主要讲述的是过度反思可能会阻碍自我提升。故选C。 （2025年红桥二模） Ralph Emerson once said that the purpose of life is not to be happy, but to be useful, to be loving, to make some difference in he world. While we appreciate such words of wisdom, we rarely try to follow them in our lives. Most people prefer to live a good life themselves, ignoring their responsibilities for the world. This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering. A good life based on comfort and luxury may eventually lead to more pain be-cause we spoil our health and even our character, principles, ideals, and relationships. What then, is the secret of a good life? A good life is a process, not a state of being : a direction, not a destination. We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their happiness is the very source of our own happiness. More importantly, we must know ourselves inside out. Only when we examine ourselves deeply can we discover our abilities and recognize our limitations, and then work accordingly to create a better world. The first requirement for a good life is having a loving heart. When we do certain right things merely as a duty, we find our job so tiresome that we’ll soon burn out. However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling. However, love alone is insufficient to lead a good life. Love sometimes blinds us to the reality. Consequently, our good intentions may not lead to good results. To achieve desired outcome, those who want to do good to others also need to equip themselves with accurate world knowledge. False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance. If love is the engine of a car knowledge is the steering wheel(方向盘). If the engine lacks power, the car can’t move; if the driver loses control of the steering, a road accident probably occurs. Only with love in heart and the right knowledge in mind can we lead a good life. With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others. When we see the impact of our good work on the world we give meaning to our life and earn lasting joy and happiness. 51．What effect does the narrow perception of a good life have on us? A．Making us simple-minded B．Making us short-sighted. C．Leading us onto a busy road. D．Keeping us from comfort and luxury. 52．According to the author, how can one gain true happiness? A．Through maintaining good health. B．By going through pain and suffering. C．By recognizing one’s abilities and limitations. D．Through offering help much needed by others. 53．According to Paragraph 4, doing certain right things with a loving heart makes one________. A．less selfish B．less annoying C．more motivated D．more responsible 54．In what case may good intentions fail to lead to desired results? A．When we have wrong knowledge of the world. B．When our love for the world is insufficient. C．When we are insensitive to dangers in life. D．When we stay blind to the reality. 55．According to Paragraph 5, life can be made truly good when ________. A．inspired by love and guided by knowledge B．directed by love and pushed by knowledge C．purified by love and enriched by knowledge D．promoted by love and defined by knowledge 【答案】51．B 52．D 53．C 54．A 55．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了美好生活的秘诀是什么。人生的目的不是生而快乐，而是生而有益。 51．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering.(这种对美好生活的狭隘看法可能会带来短期的好处，但肯定会导致长期的伤害和痛苦。)”可知，对美好生活的狭隘看法只能给我们带来短期的好处，所以时间长了会让我们目光短浅、短视。故选B项。 52．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their happiness is the very source of our own happiness.(我们必须先为他人服务而不求回报，因为他人的幸福是我们自己幸福的源泉。)”可知，我们能够从帮助他人获得真正的幸福。故选D项。 53．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling.(然而，当我们出于热爱做同样的工作时，我们不仅享受我们做的事情，而且也享受那种毫不费力的感觉。)”可知，带着热爱去做事会让人更加享受做这件事情；越享受做某件事，做事越有动力。故选C项。 54．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance.(虚假的知识比无知更危险。)”可以推测出，当我们对世界有错误的认识的时候，就算意图良好，也可能导致不好的、违背预期的结局。故选A项。 55．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others.(带着爱和知识，我们全力以赴，通过对他人做好事来创造一个更美好的世界。)”可知，有爱和知识，生活就会变得更美好。故选A项。 （2025年九校二模） In today’s closely-connected world, silence is rare and undervalued. From morning to night, we are flooded with notifications, social media, and distractions. But at what cost? Constant engagement consumes our time and disturbs peace of mind. However, silence is of great significance nowadays. Silence is as essential to mental health as nutrients are to physical well-being. We carefully choose what we eat but rarely consider the mental input we absorb. Just as our bodies need rest, our minds need quiet to slow down, process information, and restore cognitive (认知的) energy. Yet, the myth of multitasking makes this difficult. Studies show it reduces efficiency and focus by forcing the brain to switch between tasks, consuming mental resources. We have grown so used to life’s constant stimulation that stillness feels uncomfortable. However, absence of constant stimulation allows the brain to ease stress, enhance concentration and spark creativity. Even a brief pause, like watching the clouds, can help reset the mind. As artist Leonard Koren noted, silence is “an emptiness full of possibilities”. Modern life fills us with sensory overload. Screens flash, notifications demand attention, and artificial noise fills every space. Recognizing this, many turn to nature for relief. For example, the Japanese practice of shinrin-yoku has been shown to lower stress, reduce blood pressure and improve cognition. Natural settings, with their soft sounds and quiet atmosphere, provide a much-needed comfort zone for the mind. Yet, true silence is increasingly difficult to approach. Whether at work, home or even on vacation, we remain constantly connected. The habitual urge to reach for our phones during spare time reveals our discomfort with stillness. But silence is not an absence — it is a space for reflection and self-connection. Small steps, like turning off notifications for an hour or walking without a phone, help cultivate stillness. Over time, these moments become essential for mental and emotional well-being. In a world demanding constant connectivity, seeking silence is an act of self-preservation. Next time you feel the urge to check your phone, pause. Sit in silence. Your mind will thank you. 51．In Paragraph 1, the author presents ________. A．an imaginary scene B．the brief conclusion C．a vivid example D．the main topic 52．According to the passage, how does multitasking affect the brain? A．It enhances cognitive energy. B．It increases the brain’s capacity. C．It lowers focus and efficiency. D．It chooses our mental output. 53．How does the author view modern life’s constant stimulation? A．As a source of stress and distraction. B．As something necessary in daily life. C．As something beneficial to mental health. D．As a way to connect with others. 54．What might the Japanese practice of shinrin-yoku be? A．Film watching. B．Forest bathing. C．Vehicle noises. D．Amusement parks. 55．What might be the best title of the passage? A．Multitasking: a Solution to Silence B．Emptiness: a Limit for Possibilities C．Silence: Well-being to Embrace D．Connectivity: Space for Silence 【答案】51．D 52．C 53．A 54．B 55．C 【知识点】科普知识 、社会问题与社会现象、议论文 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了在当今信息高度连接的社会中，沉默对心理健康的重要性，分析了现代社会缺乏沉默的原因及其负面影响，并倡导人们主动寻求沉默以提升身心福祉。 51．主旨大意题。根据第一段“In today’s closely-connected world, silence is rare and undervalued. From morning to night, we are flooded with notifications, social media, and distractions. But at what cost? Constant engagement consumes our time and disturbs peace of mind. However, silence is of great significance nowadays.(在如今紧密相连的世界里，沉默变得稀有且被低估。从早到晚，我们淹没在通知、社交媒体和干扰之中。但这需要付出什么代价呢？持续不断的参与消耗我们的时间，扰乱我们的内心平静。然而，如今沉默具有重要意义)”可知，作者描述了现代世界中我们如何被通知、社交媒体和各种干扰所淹没，并指出这种持续的参与消耗了我们的时间并扰乱了内心的平静。然而，作者随后提到“然而，沉默在当今社会具有重要意义。”这句话引出了文章的主要话题，即沉默的价值和重要性。因此，第一段中作者呈现的是文章的主要话题。故选D。 52．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Studies show it reduces efficiency and focus by forcing the brain to switch between tasks, consuming mental resources. (研究表明，多任务处理会迫使大脑在不同任务之间切换，消耗心智资源，从而降低效率和专注力)”可知，多任务处理会降低专注力和效率。故选C。 53．推理判断题。根据第三段中“We have grown so used to life’s constant stimulation that stillness feels uncomfortable. (我们已经如此习惯生活中持续不断的刺激，以至于寂静反而让人感到不适)”及第四段中的“Modern life fills us with sensory overload. Screens flash, notifications demand attention, and artificial noise fills every space.(现代生活让我们的感官不堪重负。屏幕闪烁，通知吸引注意力，人造噪音充斥每个空间)”以及后文提到的这些刺激如何影响我们的心理健康，由此推断，作者认为现代生活中的持续刺激是压力和分心的来源。故选A。 54．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“For example, the Japanese practice of shinrin-yoku has been shown to lower stress, reduce blood pressure and improve cognition. Natural settings, with their soft sounds and quiet atmosphere, provide a much-needed comfort zone for the mind.(例如，日本的shinrin-yoku实践已被证明可以减轻压力、降低血压并改善认知能力。自然环境以其柔和的声音和安静的氛围，为心灵提供了急需的舒适空间)”可推知，shinrin-yoku指的是一种亲近自然、缓解压力的活动，即森林浴。故选B。 55．主旨大意题。根据第一段“In today’s closely-connected world, silence is rare and undervalued. From morning to night, we are flooded with notifications, social media, and distractions. But at what cost? Constant engagement consumes our time and disturbs peace of mind. However, silence is of great significance nowadays.(在如今紧密相连的世界里，沉默变得稀有且被低估。从早到晚，我们淹没在通知、社交媒体和干扰之中。但这需要付出什么代价呢？持续不断的参与消耗我们的时间，扰乱我们的内心平静。然而，如今沉默具有重要意义)”及全文内容可知，全文围绕“沉默对心理健康的重要性”展开，强调在充满干扰的现代社会中应拥抱沉默。因此，最适合这篇文章的标题是“Silence: Well-being to Embrace(沉默：值得拥抱的幸福)”。故选C。 （2025年耀华二模） I watch documentaries, not movies. I read history books, not fiction. I use every free moment to accomplish one of the tasks on my never-ending checklist, and I am completely filled with thoughts of productivity. An hour sleeping is an hour wasted. And like the rest of 21st century America, I like it. But this fixation (固恋) on productivity is increasingly destroying character and transforming men into robots. New York Times columnist David Brooks warned American University students of this cultural decline in a speech. “We cut off all things spiritual and emotional in a competitive urge to stand out”, he said, “The pressure to succeed professionally, to acquire skills, to do the things you need to do to succeed in an information age economy really became the overwhelming (难以应付的) pressure, and it sort of eclipses the thinking about character and morality.” Many students happily go to college, viewing it as a next step on their rise to professional achievement. Forcing as many success-building activities into their schedules as they can, they enjoy keeping busy with little sleep. “Today’s outstanding kids are likely to spend their afternoons and weekends shuttling from one skill-improving activity to the next,” Brooks wrote in an article, “We fear failure more than we desire success.” A century ago, college was about character building. Today, our characters are in decline. We are experts on economics, material things and professional skills. We fail to discuss and understand relationships, emotions and all things spiritual. Philosophers Karl Popper divided the world into two categories: Clocks and Clouds. Clock problems are those that can be taken apart, examined and solved through deductive reasoning (演绎推理). Clouds cannot be taken apart. Cloud problems represent whole systems that need to be understood in a different way. “When we have a Cloud problem, we try to turn into a Clock problem,” Brooks said. And in a reason-centered culture, adding titles to one’s resume becomes a trend. At American University, 85 percent of seniors (and 89 percent of business majors) graduate with at least one practical experience which is often helpful to a student’s future career, but can sometimes draw focus away from academics. To prevent the death of man’s character, Brooks urges rediscovering our human matures through falling in love. And by love he means love for a task, job, or another person. “Synchronicity (同步性) is key to happiness,” he said. Rather than crazily increasing our long lists of accomplishments, we need to lose ourselves in what we do, and success will come on its own. 51．From Paragraph 1, we can learn that people ________. A．are controlled by time B．are keen on reading books C．are eager to achieve more D．are changing their characters 52．According to Brooks’ warning, what is the ultimate consequence of emphasizing professional success? A．A society driven by emotional intelligence. B．A stronger focus on academic excellence. C．A loss of moral and spiritual depth in individuals. D．An increase in collaborative problem-solving skills. 53．Paragraph 4 is mainly developed by ________. A．making comparisons B．following the time order C．giving examples D．analyzing causes 54．The last paragraph mainly tells us that ________. A．love is more important than focus B．the focus on human natures counts C．more work contributes to happiness D．success comes from devotion to work. 55．The purpose of this passage is to ________. A．raise awareness to character building B．stress the importance of productivity C．warn about the pressure to seek success D．criticize students’ desire for achievements 【答案】51．C 52．C 53．A 54．D 55．A 【知识点】社会问题与社会现象、议论文 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了现代社会对生产力的过度重视导致人们性格的缺失，并通过Brooks的观点呼吁重视品格培养。 51．推理判断题。第一段中提到“I use every free moment to accomplish one of the tasks on my never - ending checklist, and I am completely filled with thoughts of productivity. An hour sleeping is an hour wasted(我利用每一个空闲的时间来完成我永无止境的清单上的一个任务，我完全充满了效率的想法。睡觉一小时就是浪费一小时)” 说明人们利用每一刻空闲时间去完成任务，认为睡觉是浪费时间。由此推知，人们渴望取得更多成就。故选C项。 52．细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“The pressure to succeed professionally, to acquire skills, to do the things you need to do to succeed in an information age economy really became the overwhelming (难以应付的) pressure, and it sort of eclipses the thinking about character and morality(在职业上取得成功的压力，获得技能的压力，在信息时代经济中取得成功所需要做的事情的压力，真的变成了压倒性的压力，它在某种程度上掩盖了对品格和道德的思考)”可知，强调职业成功的最终后果是个人在道德和精神层面的深度缺失。故选C项。 53．推理判断题。根据第四段的内容“A century ago, college was about character building. Today, our characters are in decline. We are experts on economics, material things and professional skills. We fail to discuss and understand relationships, emotions and all things spiritual. Philosophers Karl Popper divided the world into two categories: Clocks and Clouds. Clock problems are those that can be taken apart, examined and solved through deductive reasoning (演绎推理). Clouds cannot be taken apart. Cloud problems represent whole systems that need to be understood in a different way.(一个世纪前，大学教育的核心是品格塑造。如今，我们的品格却在衰退。我们精于经济学、物质财富与专业技能，却疏于探讨和理解人际关系、情感及一切精神层面的存在。哲学家卡尔·波普尔将世界划分为两类：钟表与云。钟表问题可被拆解、分析并通过演绎推理解决；而云无法被拆解——云问题代表需要以不同方式理解的完整系统)”可知，第4段通过对比“百年前大学教育注重品格培养”与“如今品格衰退”，并引入“Clocks vs. Clouds”的哲学分类，属于比较分析。故选A。 54．主旨大意题。最后一段提到“Rather than crazily increasing our long lists of accomplishments, we need to lose ourselves in what we do, and success will come on its own(与其疯狂地堆砌成就清单，不如全身心投入所做之事，成功自会水到渠成)” ，强调我们不应疯狂追求成就清单，而应投入到所做的事情中，成功会自然到来，即成功来自对工作的投入。故选D项。 55．推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第一段“But this fixation (固恋) on productivity is increasingly destroying character and transforming men into robots.(但这种对生产力的执着正日益摧毁人的性格，把人变成机器人)”，第四段“A century ago, college was about character building. Today, our characters are in decline. (一个世纪前，大学教育的核心是品格塑造。如今，我们的品格却在衰退)”和最后一段“(To prevent the death of man’s character, Brooks urges rediscovering our human matures through falling in love.为了防止人类性格的死亡，布鲁克斯敦促人们通过恋爱来重新发现人类的成熟)”可知，文章通过阐述现代社会人们对生产力的过度追求导致品格下降的现象，最后呼吁人们重新发现人性，投入工作，目的是唤起人们对品格培养的意识。故选A项。 （2025年新华二模） Anybody can write. I believe it as much as I believe that nobody is boring. Are people writing more? I believe so. There is a lot of writing going on. All kinds of writing — amateur writing, professional writing, creative writing, boring writing, etc. Enthusiastic reader is hardly a thing anymore. Storyteller, published author and productive blogger are words that decorate people’s bio more often. The trend of listing what one is reading has been replaced by listing self-authored articles. Reading is unavoidable. Reading generates the road map for a society’s progress. But then why write? The most substantial reason could be ease of Expression, Record, and Reach. Enabled by present-day technology, the ease of Record (digitally saved forever) and Reach (to readers anywhere in the world) are undoubtedly the more straightforward motivations to write. But ease of Expression? We perhaps partly owe that to technology too. The social shaping (e. g. messaging behaviors) caused by technology has resulted in the breakdown of structures and rules of writing to a great extent, if not entirely, thus freeing up the technique of writing like music and art. Consequently, writing in all forms (short-long), structures (words-graphics-sound), and shapes (books-blogs-posts-tweets-open letters) has appeared like a movement. Writing is a promise, It is a promise to deliver not just pleasure, information, or inspiration; it is a promise to care. Writing can be intrusive (侵扰的). It can even be rude, as Joan Didion puts it in her essay Why I Write. The readers are the victims of the writer’s thoughts and views. But that’s how writers challenge the readers to think, look around and push back. Even after we have managed to ease the disciplinary demands of good literature, it still wouldn’t take the pain away from writing because thinking is the pain point of writing. We have to make things up or think about things we see. One could be as local, raw, and not remain preoccupied with presenting a stylized piece of sentence and still find a platform to write. But let us ensure we don’t ever give up thinking and never make writing completely painless. 51．What phenomenon is described in paragraph 1? A．Writing has become more popular. B．People no longer enjoy reading books. C．Readers are uninterested in others’ reading lists. D．Listing self-authored articles is a new form of social networking. 52．How has technology influenced writing? A．It has made writing more structured and formal. B．It has strengthened the bonds between writing and art. C．It has made writing more accessible and diverse. D．It has decreased the number of professional writers. 53．What is the ultimate purpose of writing according to Joan Didion? A．To entertain and amuse readers. B．To deliver the latest information. C．To impress readers with literary skills. D．To inspire readers to form new thoughts. 54．What does the author expect of writing? A．The challenges of thinking should be valued. B．There will be various platforms to choose from. C．There will be more works focusing on pain in life. D．The disciplinary demands of good literature will stay. 55．Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? A．The relationship between reading and writing. B．The influence of technology on writing. C．The various forms and trends of modern writing. D．The reasons and nature of writing in modern society. 【答案】51．A 52．C 53．D 54．A 55．D 【知识点】哲理感悟、社会问题与社会现象、议论文 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述写作在现代社会中的变化、技术对写作的影响、写作的本质（如表达、挑战读者思考）以及作者对写作的期望（强调思考的重要性）。 51．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Anybody can write. I believe it as much as I believe that nobody is boring. Are people writing more? I believe so. There is a lot of writing going on. All kinds of writing — amateur writing, professional writing, creative writing, boring writing, etc. Enthusiastic reader is hardly a thing anymore. Storyteller, published author and productive blogger are words that decorate people’s bio more often. The trend of listing what one is reading has been replaced by listing self-authored articles.(任何人都能写作。我坚信这一点，就如同我坚信没有人是乏味的那样。人们是不是在写更多的东西呢？我认为是这样的。有大量的写作活动正在进行。各种各样的写作——业余写作、专业写作、创意写作、乏味的写作等等。热情的读者这个概念已经不复存在了。讲故事的人、已出版的作者和有产出的博主这些词汇在人们个人简介中出现的频率越来越高。列出自己正在阅读的内容这一趋势已经被列出自己创作的文章这一趋势所取代)”可知，第一段描述的是写作变得越来越流行了。故选A。 52．细节理解题。根据第二段“Enabled by present-day technology, the ease of Record (digitally saved forever) and Reach (to readers anywhere in the world) are undoubtedly the more straightforward motivations to write.(借助当今的技术，记录（以数字化形式永久保存）的便捷性以及传播（面向全球任何地方的读者）的便利性无疑成为了人们写作的更为直接的动机)”以及“Consequently, writing in all forms (short-long), structures (words-graphics-sound), and shapes (books-blogs-posts-tweets-open letters) has appeared like a movement.(因此，各种形式的写作（长短不一）、不同的结构（文字、图形、声音）以及不同的形式（书籍、博客、帖子、推文、公开信）就像一场运动一样涌现出来)”可知，技术使写作变得更加容易且更加多样化。故选C。 53．细节理解题。根据第三段“It can even be rude, as Joan Didion puts it in her essay Why I Write. The readers are the victims of the writer’s thoughts and views. But that’s how writers challenge the readers to think, look around and push back.(它甚至可能显得很粗鲁，正如琼·迪登在其《我为何写作》一文中所言。读者实际上是作者思想和观点的“受害者”。但正是这种形式让作家促使读者去思考、观察周围环境并做出回应)”可知，写作的最终目的是激励读者产生新的想法。故选D。 54．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But let us ensure we don’t ever give up thinking and never make writing completely painless.(但让我们务必确保自己永远不要停止思考，也永远不要让写作变得毫无难度)”可知，作者期望应当重视思考过程中所面临的挑战。故选A。 55．主旨大意题。根据第1段（写作流行现象）、第2段（技术影响如表达、记录和触及）、第3段（写作本质为挑战思考）和第4段（作者期望重视思考）可推知文章核心是现代社会写作的原因（如技术推动）和本质（如表达和思考），可知，D选项“现代社会中写作的原因及本质”最能概括这篇文章的主要观点。故选D。 1 / 37 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$