第一部分 必修第三册 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION-【高考DNA解码】2026年高考英语一轮总复习学生用书word（人教版2019）

核心 词汇 1．____________ vt．缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺　　　　　2．____________ vt．& n．发射；发起；上市 3．____________ adj．巨大的；伟大的 n．巨人；巨兽；伟人 4．____________ n．跳跃；剧增；剧变 vi．& vt．跳过；跃过 5．____________ vt．& vi．标志着；标明；发信号n．信号；标志 6．____________ vt．回收利用；再利用 7．____________ vi．浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt．使浮动；使漂流 8．____________ adv．否则；要不然 9．____________ prep．在更远处；超出 10．____________ adj．当前的；现在的n．水流；电流；思潮；洋流；气流 11．____________ adj．足够的；充足的 12．____________ adj．热衷的；渴望的 13．____________ n．监视器；监测仪；班长 vt．监视；监测；监控 14．____________ adj．定期的；经常的；正常的 阅读 词汇 1．____________ n．程序；步骤；手续　　　　　　　2．____________ n．重力；引力 3．____________ n．(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围 vt．& vi．沿轨道运行；环绕……运行 4．____________ vt．& vi．传输；发送 5．____________ adj．肤浅的；浅的 6．spacecraft n．____________ 7．solar adj．____________ 8．fatal adj．____________ 9．high-end adj．____________ 拓展 词汇 1．intelligent adj．有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→____________ n．智力；才智；智慧 2．determine vt．查明；确定；决定→____________ adj．有决心的；意志坚定的→____________ n．决心；决定 3．desire n．渴望；欲望 vt．渴望；期望→____________ adj．可取的；值得做的 4．independent adj．独立的；自立的→____________ adv．自立地；独立地→____________ n．独立 5．analysis n．(对事物的)分析；分析结果→____________ vt．分析 6．limit n．限制；极限；界限 vt．限制→____________ adj．有限的→____________ adj．无限制的 7．mystery n．神秘事物；谜→____________ adj．神秘的 高频 短语 1．________________ 继续做，坚持干　　　　　　　　　2．________________ 用完；耗尽 3．________________ 导致；造成 4．________________ 为了；以便 5．in the hope of doing sth．________________ 6．as a result ________________ 7．in closing ________________ 8．on board ________________ 句型 公式 1．Afterwards，the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space．(不定式短语作后置定语) 后来，苏联集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。 2．Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything down while working in space because everything would float off otherwise．(状语从句的省略) 宇航员在太空工作时必须用胶带把所有东西都固定下来，否则这些东西就会飘走。 句型 公式 3．Firstly，exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger． (动词-ing形式短语作主语) 首先，探索太空已经在对抗世界性饥饿的斗争中产生了影响。 4．While sleeping，they must attach themselves to something so as to prevent floating around．(so as to do作目的状语) 睡觉时，他们必须将自己绑在某个东西上，以防四处飘浮。 Mankind has managed to create facilities and vehicles to carry astronauts into the universe．They launch rockets 1．____________(carry) satellites．Many intelligent people around the globe are determined to devote 2．____________ (they) to space exploration，even though fatal space disasters which killed astronauts on board make them 3．____________ (disappoint)．Besides，when living in space，the astronauts have to recycle dirty water so as to use it later．4．____________ lack of gravity，their muscles become weak．They have to tape everything up，5．____________ they would float around．They also need to figure out a way to store sufficient food and oxygen．However，people's desire 6．____________(explore) space never dies．China is the third country to send humans into space independently．This signals one giant leap for China．Some people argue that we should stop 7．____________(waste) time and money on space exploration，8．____________ is a shallow view．Our planet's resources are limited，and as a result，we should find a new home to provide for the 9．____________ (increase) population．In closing，we attach great importance to solving the mystery about space and will carry on with space exploration 10．____________(regular)． 1．desire n．渴望；欲望 vt．渴望；期望 ①(外研版必修第三册Unit 5)Research also suggests that our desire ____________(seek) risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result． ②(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 2)There is greater public interest in old stories and traditions，as well as a desire ____________ high-quality products． 　应用文写作之邀请信 如果你很渴望用英语与外国人流利地交流，我呼吁你立即加入我们的英语口语角。 If you have a strong desire ________________________________________________，I appeal to you to join our Spoken English Corner right away． ◎have a desire for.../to do...渴望……/渴望做…… ◎desire to do sth．渴望做某事 desire sb． to do sth．想要某人做某事 ◎desirable adj．可取的；值得做的 ◎It is desirable that...(should) do sth．做某事是可取的 ◎(2025年1月·八省高考适应性考试)Friends are united by a shared love for the arts and for the university, and by a desire to be part of a cultural community． 朋友们因对艺术和大学的共同热爱，以及成为文化社区一员的愿望而团结在一起。 2．argue vt．& vi．论证；争辩；争论 ①(北师大版选择性必修第三册Unit 7)You and your parents are having an ____________ (argue) about you staying out late on Friday night． ②(译林版选择性必修第四册Unit 3)Indeed, it could ____________ (argue) that our education is geared towards preparing us for a life of work． 　应用文写作之观点表达 65%的学生赞成听英文歌曲，而18%的学生主张他们可以通过读英文经典来提高他们的英语水平。 65% of the students argue for enjoying English songs ________________________ they can have their English level improved by reading English classics． ◎argue sb． into/out of doing sth．说服某人做/不做某事 argue for/against (doing) sth． 赞成/反对(做)某事 argue that...主张……；认为…… ◎argument n．争论；争吵；论点 ◎(2024·北京卷)The 18th-century philosopher Kant argued that the universe ultimately consists of things-in-themselves that are unknowable． 18世纪的哲学家康德认为，宇宙最终是由那些不可知的事物本身组成的。 3．lack n．缺乏；短缺 vt．没有；缺乏 由于缺乏自信和经验，简完全不知道该如何应对这可怕的情况。 ①____________________________________，Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation．(分词短语作状语) ②____________________________________，Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation．(lack n．) ③____________________________________，Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation．(lacking adj．) 　应用文写作之健康生活 健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。 Health problems are closely connected with ________________________________． ◎(a/the) lack of... 缺乏…… for/through lack of... 因缺乏…… ◎lacking adj．缺少的，不足的 ◎Extreme heat for prolonged periods, coupled with lack of rain, dries out the dams and reduces water availability, she said． 她说，长时间的极端高温，再加上没有雨水，使大坝干涸，减少了水的可用性。 4．signal vt．& vi．标志着；标明；发信号 n．信号；标志 ①A police car drew abreast(并排) of us and signaled us ____________(stop)． ②The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, ____________ (signal) the end of the Spring Festival celebrations． 　读后续写之动作描写 当我站在一个小摊旁叹息没钱时，小贩注意到我的困境，亲切地微笑着向我打招呼，并示意我坐下。 When I stood beside a stand and sighed for lack of money，the seller noticed my dilemma，greeted me with a kind smile and ____________________________． ◎signal at/to sb．向某人发信号 give/send a signal 发出信号 traffic signals交通信号灯 ◎The siren was a signal for everyone to leave the building． 警报器一响，就是要所有人离开大楼。 ◎The dove is widely regarded as a signal of peace around the world． 鸽子在全世界被广泛视为和平的象征。 5．result in导致；造成 ①(译林版选择性必修第二册Unit 1)There have been a number of changes to the Pulitzer Prizes over time． Some of these resulted ____________ advances in technology． ②(北师大版选择性必修第一册Unit 3)Reduced rainfall in Canada resulted ____________ a huge forest fire in May 2016． ③Kids will feel that parents don't care and，as ___________ result，may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments． 　应用文写作之活动意义 这次活动不仅会提供一个了解中国文化的机会，而且将增进相互理解和友谊。 Not only will the activity provide an opportunity to learn about the Chinese culture but also ______________________________________________________． ◎result from由……导致；因……而产生 ◎as a result所以；结果(是) as a result of由于…… ◎(中国日报)Expanded educational exchange programs may result from increased regional integration, giving me the opportunity to study abroad and acquire a variety of viewpoints． 扩大的教育交流项目可能是加强地区一体化的结果，给了我出国学习和获得各种不同观点的机会。 6．run out用完；耗尽 ①Tom started to run ____________ Jerry at the sight of him, so Jerry had to run ____________． Jerry was so nervous that he ran ____________ a tree accidentally after a few minutes' chase． Finally，their strength ran ____________． ②I had run out ____________ all my patience and I began to explode with anger． 　读后续写之人物描写 大卫的体力快耗尽了，但当他听到其他孩子的欢呼声时，便满身大汗、拖着沉重的步伐朝着终点线艰难前行。 David's energy ________________________ but when he heard loud cheers from the other kids，he was plodding his way towards the finishing line，bathed in sweat． ◎run out of 用光，用完(人作主语，有被动语态) ◎use up用尽；吃光(及物动词短语，人作主语) ◎run across偶然遇到 ◎run after追逐；追求 ◎run into 撞上；途中遭遇(恶劣天气)；碰上(麻烦等) ◎run away (from...)逃离；避开 ◎(中国日报)In January last year, a truck driver ran out of fuel on the road where there was no mobile phone signal or network． 去年1月，一名卡车司机在没有手机信号或网络的路上耗尽了燃料。 7．[教材原句]Afterwards，the USSR focused on sending people into space，and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space．(不定式短语作后置定语) 后来，苏联集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。 ① John was the first person ____________ (think) of making popcorn to help Bernard earn some extra money．He was convinced that he had the ability ____________ (help) Bernard out of the difficulty． ②Personally speaking，I think I am the best person ____________ (take) up the job． ③(人教版必修第二册Unit 3)She realised that one of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability ____________(remove) the distance that usually exists between people． 　应用文写作之感谢信 你总是第一个主动提出帮忙，对此我非常感激。 You'd always ____________________________， for which I was quite grateful． ◎当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、the next/only/last/very/right等修饰或限定时，常用不定式作后置定语。 ◎动词不定式作后置定语常用来修饰抽象名词，常见的这类名词有：way, time, ability, chance, ambition，anxiety，belief，attempt等。 ◎For the first time to do such work, I was really under great pressure． 对于第一次做这种工作的我，真的压力很大。 Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．What ____________ me was that my parents had adopted a homeless boy and it seemed as if he had stolen my parents' love．Sensing that I was ____________ at his arrival，he did whatever he could to help me and care for me and my ____________gradually gave way to my gratitude to him．(disappoint) 2．____________ (blame) by my father made me so sad that I hid my face in my hands，tears rolling down my face． 3．He headed to the bar, ____________(signal) to the girl that she could take part in the campaign ____________(launch) by the company． 4．What counts is that I can't wait to earn some pocket money to prove my ____________ (independent)． 5．I like music and my parents always argue ____________ me ____________ my hobby．They think my hobby will result ____________ my poor academic performance． 6．By taking exercise ____________ (regular)，I have grown healthy not only physically，but also ____________ (mental) in the past years． 7．I attach great importance to ____________ (communicate) with my parents in a peaceful way．____________ (lack) effective face-to-face communication can only worsen the relationship between my parents and me． 8．There exists a problem between my parents and me, making ____________ impossible for me to carry on with my study．Actually, I am so keen on space exploration that I usually go to the library ____________ the hope of gaining sufficient knowledge about the universe． 9．It is ____________ (universe) acknowledged that wealth doesn't necessarily mean happiness． 10．I desired ____________ (cycle) along the Mekong River with my friends．I was disappointed that my parents argued against my decision, but I was determined ____________ (have) a try． Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义 1．current A．adj．当前的；现在的　B．n．(河、湖或海的)水流；气流　C．n．潮流 (1)Suddenly, a warm current washed over me． ________ (2)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence． ________ (3)We should try our best to go with the current of the times． ________ 2．otherwise (1)Seize the chance，otherwise you won't enjoy the beautiful traditional Chinese paintings． ________ (2)There was some music playing upstairs．Otherwise the house was silent． ________ (3)It is not permitted to sell or otherwise distribute copies of past examination papers． ________ 3．The barman gave free drinks to the regulars at Christmas． ________ A．n．常客　　　　　　 B．adj．有规律的 C．adj．规则的 4．She floated down the steps to greet us． ________ A．漂浮　　　B．轻盈走动　　　C．提出 Ⅲ．写作迁移 1．由于汤姆这么粗心，造成了不少麻烦。(动词-ing形式作主语) ____________________________________ resulted in so much trouble． 2．我们已到了这样一个阶段：为了拯救我们自己，我们必须采取有效措施来保护环境。(so as to do作目的状语) We have reached a stage where we must take effective measures to protect the environment ____________________________________． 3．成功在于有能力在失败中继续努力。(不定式作定语) Success consists in the ability ________________________ through failures． 4．早睡早起使我们健康、聪明和富有。(make＋宾语＋宾补) Early to rise and early to bed ____________________________． 最近，你班同学就“太空探索是否值得”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下列提供的信息，用英语写一篇短文介绍讨论的情况。 1．30%的同学认为太空探索不值得； 2．70%的同学认为值得探索； 3．你的观点。 注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 　写作微练 ①人类一直渴望探索太空。(desire to do．．．) Humans _____________________________________________________________． ②最近，我们班的学生就太空是否值得探索展开了激烈的讨论。(argument；宾语从句) Recently，students in our class have ________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________． ③30%的人认为太空探索不值得，认为太空离我们和我们的日常生活太远了。(argue that．．．) 30% of us ________________________________________________，and they think space is too far away from us and our daily life． ④我们在太空探索上花了太多钱。否则，这些钱本可以用来解决地球上的饥饿和污染问题。(otherwise引导的含蓄虚拟条件句) We have spent too much money on space exploration． _________________________ such as starvation and pollution． ⑤70%的人重视太空探索，认为探索太空带来了很多好处，比如利用卫星进行通信和天气预报。(attach；result in；动词-ing形式短语作主语) 70% of us ________________________ space exploration，believing that ________________________________________________，such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast． ⑥随着地球上有限的资源逐渐耗尽，我们必须找到解决能源短缺问题的新方法。(with复合结构；run out) __________________________________________________________，we must find new ways to settle the problem of energy shortage． 　句式升级 ⑦用非谓语结构改写③中的句子。 30% of us argue that space exploration is not worthwhile，_____________________ _____________________________________________________________________． ⑧用定语从句合并④中的两个句子。 We have spent too much money on space exploration _______________________ such as starvation and pollution． 　妙笔成篇 _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 　语料积累 教材 语料 亮词 determined；disappointed；desire；in the hope of；keen；shallow；launch；leap；carry on；signal；figure out；argue；result in；monitor；provide for；run out；so as to 美句 1．However，scientists were determined to realise that dream． 2．As a result，space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth's increasing population． 拓展 语料 单词 shocked adj．震惊的；stunned adj．惊讶的；amazed adj．大为惊奇的；astonished adj．感到十分惊讶的 语块 to one's shock/surprise/amazement/astonishment令某人惊讶的是；wear a look of surprise on one's face面带惊讶的表情；be numb with surprise/shock惊呆；a look of surprise spread over/flash across one's face脸上闪过惊讶的表情；too surprised to utter a word/be speechless with shock惊讶得说不出话 句型 1．Rose froze with shock，as if rooted on the ground． 罗斯惊呆了，好像扎根在地上一样。 2．So stunned was she that she could hardly say any word． 她惊愕得说不出话来。 3．At the news of his death，I was so shocked that I went numb． 听到他去世的消息，我如此震惊，呆若木鸡。 4．I stared at him in shock and a faint sound of surprise escaped my throat． 我惊愕地盯着他，喉咙里发出微弱的惊愕声。 5．They stopped in their tracks，raised their heads and stared at him in amazement． 他们停下脚步，抬起头，惊讶地注视着他。 6．A look of surprise spread over the face of my companion as he listened to my story． 我的同伴听着我的故事，脸上露出惊讶的表情。 　语料运用 ①听到这个消息，全国人民都惊呆了。 Hearing the news，people all over the country _______________________． ②总统如此震惊，喉咙紧绷，一句话也说不出来。(倒装结构；形容词短语作状语) _____________________ that his throat felt tight，_________________________． ③这场灾难使每个人都感到悲伤和沮丧，但是探索宇宙的愿望却没有停止。(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语；不定式作定语) The disaster ____________________________________________， but the desire ____________________________________ never died． ④科学家和航天员决心找出原因，继续探索，以慰藉那些为航天事业牺牲的人们，为全人类作出贡献。(定语从句) Scientists and astronauts determined to figure out the reason and carry on their research so as to console those ___________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________． 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 必修第三册　UNIT 4 单元词句 语境背记 核心词汇 1．lack　2．launch　3．giant　4．leap　5．signal　6．recycle　7．float　8．otherwise　9．beyond　10．current　11．sufficient　12．keen　13．monitor　14．regular 阅读词汇 1．procedure　2．gravity　3．orbit　4．transmit　5．shallow　6．航天器；宇宙飞船　7．太阳的；太阳能的　8．致命的；灾难性的　9．高端的 拓展词汇 1．intelligence　2．determined；determination　3．desirable　4．independently；independence　5．analyze/analyse　6．limited；limitless/unlimited　7．mysterious 高频短语 1．carry on　2．run out　3．result in　4．so as to (do sth．)　5．抱着……的希望　6．所以；结果(是)　7．最后　8．在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上 语境串记 1．carrying/to carry　2．themselves　3．disappointed　4．For/Through　5．otherwise　6．to explore　7．wasting　8．which　9．increasing　10．regularly 考点归纳 精准讲练 1．①to seek　②for [完美写作]that you (should)/to communicate fluently with foreigners in English 2．①argument　②be argued [完美写作]while 18% of the students argue that 3．①Lacking confidence and experience　②For/Through lack of confidence and experience　③Lacking in confidence and experience [完美写作]bad eating habits and (a) lack of exercise 4．①to stop　②signal(l)ing [完美写作]signal(l)ed me to sit down 5．①from　②in　③a [完美写作]it will result in mutual understanding and friendship 6．①after；away；into；out　②of [完美写作]was running out 7．①to think；to help　②to take　③to remove [完美写作]be the first to offer to help 基础巩固 达标训练 Ⅰ．1．disappointed；disappointed；disappointment 　2．Being　blamed　3．signal(l)ing；launched　4．independence　5．with；about/on/over；in　6．regularly；mentally　7．communicating；Lacking　8．it；in　9．universally　10．to cycle；to have Ⅱ．1．(1)B　(2)A　(3)C 2．(1)B　(2)C　(3)A 3．A　4．B Ⅲ．1．Tom's being so careless　2．so as to save ourselves 3．to continue efforts　4．makes us healthy，wise and wealthy 主题引领 写作提能 应用文写作 Step 1 ①have always been desiring to explore space　②had a heated argument about whether space is worth exploring　③argue that space exploration is not worthwhile　④Otherwise it could have been used to deal with the earth's problems　⑤attach importance to；exploring space has resulted in a lot of benefits　⑥With the limited resources on the earth gradually running out Step 2 ⑦thinking space is too far away from us and our daily life ⑧which otherwise could have been used to deal with the earth's problems Step 3 Humans have always been desiring to explore space．Recently，students in our class have had a heated argument about whether space is worth exploring． 30% of us argue that space exploration is not worthwhile，thinking space is too far away from us and our daily life．We have spent too much money on space exploration which otherwise could have been used to deal with the earth's problems such as starvation and pollution．On the other hand，70% of us attach importance to space exploration，believing that exploring space has resulted in a lot of benefits，such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast． As far as I am concerned，space exploration is worthy to be conducted．With the limited resources on the earth gradually running out，we must find new ways to settle the problem of energy shortage．Besides，with further space research，we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day． 读后续写 Step 2 ①were numb with shock　②So stunned was the president；unable to utter a word　③made everyone sad and disappointed；to explore the universe　④who sacrificed for the cause and make contributions to all mankind 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$