内容正文:
2025年秋新七年级英语单元词汇规律巧记专练(外研版2024)
02.Unit 1 A new start
目录
板块
内容
1
单元词汇记忆规律
词汇记忆规律、词汇记忆练习
2
单元词汇默写清单
核心词汇、重点短语、句式默写
第一部分 单元词汇记忆规律
【词汇记忆规律】
(一)派生法(加前缀/后缀构成新词)
1. polite → impolite
【构词规律】加前缀“im-”表示否定,意为“不礼貌的”。
例:
① She is a polite girl and always says “thank you”.(她是个礼貌的女孩,总是说“谢谢”。)
② It’s impolite to laugh at others.(嘲笑别人是不礼貌的。)
③ Please be polite when talking to your teachers.(和老师说话时请礼貌些。)
2. meaning → mean
【构词规律】动词“mean”加后缀“-ing”构成名词“meaning”,表示“意义”。
例:
① What’s the meaning of this word?(这个单词是什么意思?)
② I mean to finish my homework before dinner.(我打算晚饭前完成作业。)
③ Can you explain the meaning of this sentence?(你能解释这个句子的意思吗?)
3. important → importance
【构词规律】加后缀“-ance”构成名词,意为“重要性”。
例:
① It’s important to learn English well.(学好英语很重要。)
② Do you know the importance of exercise?(你知道锻炼的重要性吗?)
③ Eating vegetables is important for your health.(吃蔬菜对健康很重要。)
4. advice → advise
【构词规律】名词“advice”去“e”加“-ise”构成动词“advise”,意为“建议”。
例:
① Can you give me some advice?(你能给我一些建议吗?)
② The teacher advises us to read more books.(老师建议我们多读书。)
③ His advice helped me solve the problem.(他的建议帮我解决了问题。)
5. wind → windy
【构词规律】名词“wind”加后缀“-y”构成形容词“windy”,意为“多风的”。
例:
① The wind is strong today.(今天风很大。)
② It’s a windy day. Let’s fly a kite.(今天刮风,我们放风筝吧。)
③ I don’t like windy weather.(我不喜欢刮风的天气。)
6. pain → painful
【构词规律】名词“pain”加后缀“-ful”构成形容词“painful”,意为“疼痛的”。
例:
① He has a pain in his leg.(他腿疼。)
② The cut is very painful.(伤口很疼。)
③ She cried because of the painful experience.(她因痛苦的经历而哭泣。)
(二)转化法(单词词性转换)
1. mistake(名词→动词)
【构词规律】名词“错误”直接转化为动词“犯错误”。
例:
① I made a mistake in the math test.(我在数学考试中犯了一个错误。)
② Don’t mistake his meaning.(不要误解他的意思。)
③ It’s easy to mistake her for her sister.(很容易把她和她姐姐认错。)
2. start(动词→名词)
【构词规律】动词“开始”转化为名词“开端”。
例:
① Let’s start the class now.(我们现在开始上课吧。)
② The start of the movie is very interesting.(电影的开头很有趣。)
③ He made a good start in his new job.(他在新工作中开了个好头。)
转化法是英语中一种重要的构词法,指不改变单词的拼写形式,直接使其从一种词性转化为另一种词性的构词方式。转化后的单词与原单词在词形上完全相同,但词性、词义和用法发生变化。
【词汇记忆练习】
【基础练习】
一、词汇构造规律
1. 给“polite”加前缀构成反义词:_________
2. “mean”的名词形式是:_________
3. “wind”的形容词形式是:_________
4. “advice”的动词形式是:_________
5. “pain”的形容词形式是:_________
6. “mistake”作为动词时的中文意思是:_________
7. “start”作为名词时的中文意思是:_________
8. 给“important”加后缀构成名词:_________
9. “real”的副词形式是:_________
10. “dry”的反义词是:_________(提示:与“湿”相关)
11. “protect”的名词形式可加后缀“-ion”:_________
12. “wide”的名词形式是:_________
13. “hope”的近义词是:_________
14. “thought”的近义词是:_________
15. “journey”的中文意思是:_________
16. “task”的中文意思是:_________
17. “together”的中文意思是:_________
18. “through”的中文意思是:_________
19. “storm”的中文意思是:_________
20. “gain”的中文意思是:_________
答案:
1. impolite 2. meaning 3. windy 4. advise 5. painful
6. 犯错误 7. 开端 8. importance 9. really 10. wet
11. protection 12. width 13. wish 14. idea 15. 旅行;历程
16. 工作;任务 17. 一起;共同 18. 穿过;通过 19. 暴风雨(雪) 20. 好处;利益
二、单词拼写(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1. Don’t be _________ (polite) to your parents. Always say “please”.
2. Can you tell me the _________ (mean) of this sign?
3. I made a few _________ (mistake) in my composition.
4. It’s _________ (importance) to drink water every day.
5. Remember _________ (bring) your notebook to school tomorrow.
6. She looked at me _________ (real) angrily after I broke her pen.
7. The _________ (wind) day made us stay at home.
8. His words gave me much _________ (gain) in my study.
9. We should protect the earth _________ (face) new environmental problems.
10. The little boy fell into the _________ (pool) and cried loudly.
11. They started _________ (work) on the project last week.
12. Please write down the key points _________ (with) forgetting them.
13. The _________ (dry) weather made the plants die.
14. Her _________ (hers) is the best story in the competition.
15. The doctor told him to rest because of the _________ (pain) in his back.
16. We need to finish the _________ (task) before Friday.
17. The _________ (storm) last night broke many trees.
18. He gave me some _________ (advice) on how to learn English.
19. The river is too _________ (wide) for us to swim across.
20. They went _________ (through) the forest and found a small house.
21. The _________ (fact) is that he didn’t tell the truth.
22. I hope _________ (see) you again soon.
23. Let’s think about how _________ (solve) the problem.
24. The little girl turned red when she made a _________ (mistake).
25. The _________ (sentence) is too long. Can you break it into two?
26. They sailed _________ (away) from the island yesterday.
27. The _________ (life) of plants needs water and sunlight.
28. Please put up your hand if you have a _________ (problem).
29. The _________ (main) idea of the story is about friendship.
30. We should share our happiness _________ (with) our friends.
答案与解析:
1. impolite(解析:根据句意“不要对父母不礼貌”,用polite的反义词。)
2. meaning(解析:the meaning of...表示“……的意义”,用名词形式。)
3. mistakes(解析:a few后接可数名词复数,mistake变复数加s。)
4. important(解析:It’s + adj. + to do sth.结构,用形容词important。)
5. to bring(解析:remember to do sth.表示“记得去做某事”,动作未发生。)
6. really(解析:修饰副词angrily用副词really。)
7. windy(解析:修饰名词day用形容词windy。)
8. gain(解析:much后接不可数名词gain,意为“好处”。)
9. to face(解析:protect...to do sth.表示“保护……去面对”,用不定式。)
10. pool(解析:pool为可数名词,此处用单数。)
11. working/to work(解析:start doing/to do sth.表示“开始做某事”,两者均可。)
12. without(解析:without doing sth.表示“没有做某事”,符合句意“写下要点以免忘记”。)
13. dry(解析:修饰名词weather用形容词dry。)
14. hers(解析:hers=her story,名词性物主代词作主语。)
15. pain(解析:the pain in...表示“……的疼痛”,用名词。)
16. task(s)(解析:task为可数名词,单复数均可,根据语境可用单数。)
17. storm(解析:last night提示用单数storm,指“昨晚的暴风雨”。)
18. advice(解析:advice为不可数名词,无复数形式。)
19. wide(解析:too + adj. + to do sth.结构,用形容词wide。)
20. through(解析:go through表示“穿过”,固定搭配。)
21. fact(解析:the fact is that...表示“事实是……”,用单数。)
22. to see(解析:hope to do sth.表示“希望做某事”,用不定式。)
23. to solve(解析:how to do sth.作宾语,用不定式。)
24. mistake(解析:make a mistake表示“犯错误”,固定搭配。)
25. sentence(解析:根据is可知用单数sentence。)
26. away(解析:sail away from...表示“从……驶离”,固定搭配。)
27. life(解析:life作“生命”讲时为不可数名词,用原形。)
28. problem(解析:a后接可数名词单数problem。)
29. main(解析:main idea表示“主要思想”,用形容词。)
30. with(解析:share...with sb.表示“与某人分享……”,固定搭配。)
【提升练习】
三、单项选择
1. It’s not polite ______ others when they make mistakes.
A. laugh at B. to laugh at C. laughing at D. laughed at
2. The ______ of “hard work” is getting good results.
A. mean B. meaning C. means D. meant
3. Be careful! Don’t ______ any mistakes in your homework.
A. make B. take C. do D. have
4. It’s important ______ early in the morning.
A. exercise B. exercising C. to exercise D. exercised
5. Remember ______ the door when you leave the room.
A. close B. to close C. closing D. closed
6. The weather is ______ today. Let’s fly a kite.
A. wind B. windy C. winds D. winded
7. She gave me some ______ on how to learn math.
A. advice B. advices C. advise D. advises
8. We should ______ the environment from pollution.
A. protect B. prevent C. provide D. prefer
9. The river is too ______ for us to cross on foot.
A. wide B. long C. short D. tall
10. They went ______ the forest and found a beautiful lake.
A. across B. through C. over D. above
11. The little boy felt ______ when he fell off the bike.
A. pain B. painful C. pains D. painfully
12. The ______ of the story is about love and friendship.
A. main idea B. grammar rule C. new friend D. paper boat
13. Can you ______ the mistake in my composition?
A. point out B. write down C. think about D. look up
14. Don’t forget to ______ your hand if you have a question.
A. put up B. put on C. put off D. put down
15. ______, he is a kind and helpful boy.
A. In fact B. On time C. Day by day D. Of course
16. It takes me two hours ______ my homework every day.
A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished
17. “No pain, no gain” means you can’t get something ______ working hard.
A. with B. without C. for D. from
18. The students are ready ______ the new term.
A. to B. for C. at D. in
19. They made the old paper ______ a beautiful boat.
A. into B. to C. from D. with
20. Let’s share the happiness ______ our classmates.
A. to B. for C. with D. about
21. The ______ is that he didn’t pass the exam.
A. fact B. meaning C. mistake D. problem
22. She looked up ______ the bird in the sky.
A. at B. to C. for D. of
23. The teacher asked us ______ ourselves in English.
A. introduce B. to introduce C. introducing D. introduced
24. His words made me ______ better.
A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt
25. The ______ is difficult to solve. Can you help me?
A. sentence B. task C. journey D. pool
26. They started their ______ to the new city yesterday.
A. task B. project C. journey D. life
27. The ______ is blowing strongly. Close the window!
A. rain B. wind C. storm D. snow
28. We hope ______ good grades in the exam.
A. get B. to get C. getting D. got
29. The little girl turned ______ when she spoke in front of the class.
A. red B. blue C. yellow D. green
30. ______ the help of my teacher, I passed the exam.
A. With B. Under C. On D. For
答案与解析
1. 答案:B. to laugh at
解析:本题考查固定句型 “It’s + adj. + to do sth.”,表示 “做某事是…… 的”。句意为 “当别人犯错时嘲笑他们是不礼貌的”,动词不定式 “to laugh at” 作真正主语,故选 B。
2. 答案:B. meaning
解析:定冠词 “the” 后需接名词。A 项 “mean” 为动词(意思是);B 项 “meaning” 是名词(意义);C 项 “means” 是名词(方法);D 项 “meant” 是动词过去式。句意为 “‘努力工作’的意义是取得好结果”,故选 B。
3. 答案:A. make
解析:考查固定搭配 “make mistakes”(犯错误)。其他选项:take(拿)、do(做)、have(有)均不与 “mistakes” 构成正确搭配,故选 A。
4. 答案:C. to exercise
解析:同第 1 题,“It’s important to do sth.” 为固定句型,句意为 “早上早起锻炼很重要”,动词不定式 “to exercise” 作真正主语,故选 C。
5. 答案:B. to close
解析:考查 “remember to do sth.”(记得去做某事,未做)和 “remember doing sth.”(记得做过某事,已做)的区别。句意为 “离开房间时记得关门”,动作未发生,用不定式,故选 B。
6. 答案:B. windy
解析:系动词 “is” 后接形容词作表语。A 项 “wind” 是名词(风);B 项 “windy” 是形容词(有风的);C、D 项为动词形式。句意为 “今天风很大,我们去放风筝吧”,故选 B。
7. 答案:A. advice
解析:“some” 后接名词,且 “advice” 是不可数名词,无复数形式;C 项 “advise” 是动词(建议)。句意为 “她给了我一些学数学的建议”,故选 A。
8. 答案:A. protect
解析:考查固定搭配 “protect...from...”(保护…… 免受……)。B 项 “prevent” 常与 “from” 搭配,但意为 “阻止”;C 项 “provide”(提供);D 项 “prefer”(更喜欢)。句意为 “我们应该保护环境免受污染”,故选 A。
9. 答案:A. wide
解析:形容河流 “宽” 用 “wide”。句意为 “这条河太宽了,我们无法步行穿过”,其他选项 “long”(长)、“short”(短)、“tall”(高)均不符合语境,故选 A。
10. 答案:B. through
解析:“go through” 表示 “穿过(内部)”,如森林、隧道;A 项 “across”(穿过表面);C 项 “over”(越过上方);D 项 “above”(在…… 上方)。句意为 “他们穿过森林,发现了一个美丽的湖泊”,故选 B。
11. 答案:B. painful
解析:系动词 “felt” 后接形容词作表语。A 项 “pain” 是名词 / 动词;B 项 “painful” 是形容词(疼痛的);C 项 “pains” 是名词复数;D 项 “painfully” 是副词。句意为 “小男孩从自行车上摔下来时感到很疼”,故选 B。
12. 答案:A. main idea
解析:句意为 “这个故事的______是关于爱和友谊”。A 项 “main idea”(主旨);B 项 “grammar rule”(语法规则);C 项 “new friend”(新朋友);D 项 “paper boat”(纸船)。只有 A 符合语境,故选 A。
13. 答案:A. point out
解析:A 项 “point out”(指出);B 项 “write down”(写下);C 项 “think about”(思考);D 项 “look up”(查阅)。句意为 “你能指出我作文里的错误吗?”,故选 A。
14. 答案:A. put up
解析:A 项 “put up”(举起);B 项 “put on”(穿上);C 项 “put off”(推迟);D 项 “put down”(放下)。句意为 “如果有问题,别忘了举手”,故选 A。
15. 答案:A. In fact
解析:A 项 “In fact”(事实上);B 项 “On time”(按时);C 项 “Day by day”(一天天);D 项 “Of course”(当然)。句意为 “事实上,他是个善良又乐于助人的男孩”,故选 A。
16. 答案:C. to finish
解析:考查固定句型 “It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth.”(做某事花费某人多长时间),动词不定式 “to finish” 作真正主语,故选 C。
17. 答案:B. without
解析:“No pain, no gain” 意为 “不劳无获”,句意为 “没有努力就得不到任何东西”。“without” 表示 “没有”,后接动名词,故选 B。
18. 答案:B. for
解析:考查固定搭配 “be ready for sth.”(为…… 做准备)。句意为 “学生们为新学期做好了准备”,故选 B。
19. 答案:A. into
解析:考查固定搭配 “make...into...”(把…… 制成……)。句意为 “他们把旧纸做成了一艘漂亮的小船”,故选 A。
20. 答案:C. with
解析:考查固定搭配 “share sth. with sb.”(与某人分享某物)。句意为 “让我们和同学们分享快乐吧”,故选 C。
21. 答案:A. fact
解析:句意为 “______是他没有通过考试”。A 项 “fact”(事实);B 项 “meaning”(意义);C 项 “mistake”(错误);D 项 “problem”(问题)。“未通过考试” 是事实,故选 A。
22. 答案:A. at
解析:考查固定搭配 “look up at”(抬头看)。句意为 “她抬头看天空中的鸟”,故选 A。
23. 答案:B. to introduce
解析:考查 “ask sb. to do sth.”(要求某人做某事)。句意为 “老师让我们用英语介绍自己”,用不定式,故选 B。
24. 答案:A. feel
解析:考查 “make sb. do sth.”(使某人做某事),省略 to 的不定式作宾补。句意为 “他的话让我感觉好多了”,故选 A。
25. 答案:B. task
解析:句意为 “这个______很难解决,你能帮我吗?”。A 项 “sentence”(句子);B 项 “task”(任务);C 项 “journey”(旅程);D 项 “pool”(池塘)。“解决任务” 符合语境,故选 B。
26. 答案:C. journey
解析:句意为 “他们昨天开始了去新城市的______”。A 项 “task”(任务);B 项 “project”(项目);C 项 “journey”(旅程);D 项 “life”(生活)。“前往新城市” 是旅程,故选 C。
27. 答案:B. wind
解析:根据 “blowing strongly” 和 “Close the window!” 可知,与 “吹” 和 “关窗” 相关的是风。A 项 “rain”(雨);C 项 “storm”(暴风雨);D 项 “snow”(雪),均不如 “wind” 贴切,故选 B。
28. 答案:B. to get
解析:考查 “hope to do sth.”(希望做某事)。句意为 “我们希望在考试中取得好成绩”,用不定式,故选 B。
29. 答案:A. red
解析:“turn red” 表示 “脸红”,符合 “在全班面前讲话” 时害羞的语境。其他颜色 “blue”(蓝)、“yellow”(黄)、“green”(绿)均不符合常识,故选 A。
30. 答案:A. With
解析:考查固定搭配 “with the help of...”(在…… 的帮助下)。句意为 “在老师的帮助下,我通过了考试”,故选 A。
四、短文填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
Dear Lucy,
How are you? I’m writing to tell you about my new life in middle school. It’s a little difficult, but I’m trying my best to face all the 1. _________ (problem).
First, the teachers here ask us to do more things by 2. _________ (we). For example, we need to finish a book report every month. It takes me about two weeks 3. _________ (finish) it. Sometimes I make 4. _________ (mistake) in grammar, but my teacher always 5. _________ (point) them out kindly.
Second, I have to learn how to manage my time. There is a lot of homework every day, and it’s hard 6. _________ (decide) what to do first. My friend Lily gave me some good 7. _________ (advice). She said, “No pain, no 8. _________ (gain). You must work hard.”
Yesterday, we had a science class. We made a paper boat 9. _________ (use) an old letter. Then we sailed it in a small 10. _________ (pool). It was so interesting!
I hope you can visit me soon and see my new school.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Emma
答案与解析:
1. problems
解析:空前有 “all the”,后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。“problem” 为可数名词,故用复数形式 “problems”。
2. ourselves
解析:“by oneself” 为固定短语,意为 “独自地”。主语是 “we”,对应的反身代词为 “ourselves”。
3. to finish
解析:句型 “It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth.” 表示 “做某事花费某人多长时间”,故填不定式 “to finish”。
4. mistakes
解析:“make mistakes” 为固定搭配,意为 “犯错误”,用复数形式 “mistakes”。
5. points
解析:主语 “my teacher” 为第三人称单数,且句子时态为一般现在时,故谓语动词用 “points”。
6. to decide
解析:句型 “It’s + adj. + to do sth.” 表示 “做某事是…… 的”,故填不定式 “to decide”。
7. advice
解析:“advice” 为不可数名词,无复数形式,故填原形 “advice”。
8. gain
解析:“No pain, no gain.” 为谚语,意为 “不劳无获”,“gain” 在此处为名词,用原形。
9. using
解析:句中已有谓语动词 “made”,此处用现在分词 “using” 作方式状语,表示 “用旧信件制作纸船”。
10. pool
解析:“pool” 意为 “水池”,符合语境 “在小水池里航行纸船”,且空前有 “a”,用单数形式。
第二部分 单元词汇默写清单
Unit 1 A new start
Ⅰ.核心单词
1.缺乏;没有 prep.______________→______________ prep.(反义词)
2.句子 n. ______________
3.开始(做某事) ______________
4.错误 n.______________→______________ v.
5.有礼貌的,客气的 adj.______________→______________ adj.(反义词)
6.头脑;思想,思维 n. ______________
7.她的 pron. ______________
8.干的,干燥的 adj. ______________
9.意义;意思;含义 n. ______________→______________ v.
10.事实;真相 n. ______________
11.重要的,重大的 adj. ______________
12.记住,记得 v. ______________
13.很,十分 adv.______________→______________ adj.
14.问题,难题;困难 n. ______________
15.意见,建议;忠告,劝告 n. ______________→______________ v.
16.(学校的)课题,研究项目 n. ______________
17.工作,任务 n. ______________
18.旅行,旅程;历程,过程 n. ______________
19.一起,共同,一齐,一块儿 adv. ______________
20.水塘,水洼 n. ______________
21.起航 v. ______________
22.朝另一方向 adv. ______________
23.意见,主意,观点 n. ______________→______________ n.(近义词)
24.生活 n. ______________
25.保护,防护 v. ______________
26.风 n.______________→______________ adj.
27.宽的,宽阔的 adj. ______________
28.(肉体上的)疼,痛,疼痛 n.______________→______________ adj.
29.(尤指靠计划或努力得到的)好处,利益,改进 n. ______________
30.从一端至另一端,穿过,通过 prep. ______________
31.暴风雨(雪)n. ______________
32.希望,期望,指望 v.______________→______________ v.(近义词)
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.写下,记下 ______________
2.指出,指明 ______________
3.跳入 ______________
4.朝上看 ______________
5.思考,考虑 ______________
6.举手 ______________
7.做得好 ______________
8.事实上 ______________
9.犯错误 ______________
10.主要思想 ______________
11.语法规则 ______________
12.我的一个新朋友 ______________
13.上一节好课 ______________
14.变红 ______________
15.使某人做某事 ______________
16.好好利用 ______________
17.把……变成 ______________
18.一天天,逐渐地 ______________
19.给某人一些建议 ______________
20.第一条建议 ______________
21.按时,准时 ______________
22.当然,自然 ______________
23.和某人分享…… ______________
24.为……做准备 ______________
25.小学 ______________
26.保护……不受…… ______________
27.面对新困难 ______________
28.你自己 ______________
29.尽某人最大努力 ______________
30.通过,穿过 ______________
31.代表 ______________
32.在……的帮助下 ______________
33.添加……到…… ______________
Ⅲ.句式默写
1.学而不思则罔。
______________________________
2.请把这(句话)写下来。
______________________________
3.但是指出这个错误合适吗?
______________________________
4.在学习方面多思考很重要。
______________________________
5.他要求我们介绍自己。
______________________________
6.但是潘老师恰好带着微笑看着我。
______________________________
7.他聪明的言语使我感觉更好。
______________________________
8.今天有很多作业。
______________________________
9.很难决定先做什么。
______________________________
10.完成一本书籍报告花费一个月时间。
______________________________
11.不劳无获。
______________________________
12.你准备好迎接你的新生活了吗?
______________________________
13.你将会穿过风暴,驶向大海。
______________________________
14.我们把这封信制作成一个新纸船。
______________________________
15.我们希望在未来的几年里它会帮到你!
______________________________
参考答案:
Ⅰ.核心单词
1.缺乏;没有 prep.without→with prep.(反义词)
2.句子 n. sentence
3.开始(做某事) start
4.错误 n.mistake→mistake v.
5.有礼貌的,客气的 adj.polite→impolite adj.(反义词)
6.头脑;思想,思维 n. mind
7.她的 pron. hers
8.干的,干燥的 adj. dry
9.意义;意思;含义 n. meaning→mean v.
10.事实;真相 n. fact
11.重要的,重大的 adj. important
12.记住,记得 v. remember
13.很,十分 adv.really→real adj.
14.问题,难题;困难 n. problem
15.意见,建议;忠告,劝告 n. advice→advise v.
16.(学校的)课题,研究项目 n. project
17.工作,任务 n. task
18.旅行,旅程;历程,过程 n. journey
19.一起,共同,一齐,一块儿 adv. together
20.水塘,水洼 n. pool
21.起航 v. sail
22.朝另一方向 adv. away
23.意见,主意,观点 n. thought→idea n.(近义词)
24.生活 n. life
25.保护,防护 v. protect
26.风 n.wind→windy adj.
27.宽的,宽阔的 adj. wide
28.(肉体上的)疼,痛,疼痛 n.pain→painful adj.
29.(尤指靠计划或努力得到的)好处,利益,改进 n. gain
30.从一端至另一端,穿过,通过 prep. through
31.暴风雨(雪)n. storm
32.希望,期望,指望 v.hope→wish v.(近义词)
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.写下,记下 write down
2.指出,指明 point out
3.跳入 jump into
4.朝上看 look up at
5.思考,考虑 think about
6.举手 put up one’s hand
7.做得好 well done
8.事实上 in fact
9.犯错误 make a mistake/mistakes
10.主要思想 main idea
11.语法规则 grammar rules
12.我的一个新朋友 a new friend of mine
13.上一节好课 have a great lesson
14.变红 turn red
15.使某人做某事 make sb.do sth.
16.好好利用 make good use of
17.把……变成 turn...into
18.一天天,逐渐地 day by day
19.给某人一些建议 give sb.some advice
20.第一条建议 the first piece of advice
21.按时,准时 on time
22.当然,自然 of course
23.和某人分享…… share...with sb.
24.为……做准备 be ready for...
25.小学 primary school
26.保护……不受…… protect...from...
27.面对新困难 face new problems
28.你自己 by yourself
29.尽某人最大努力 try one’s best
30.通过,穿过 go through
31.代表 stand for
32.在……的帮助下 with the help of...
33.添加……到…… add...to...
Ⅲ.句式默写
1.学而不思则罔。
Learning without thinking is of no use.
2.请把这(句话)写下来。
Please write this down.
3.但是指出这个错误合适吗?
But is it OK to point out the mistake?
4.在学习方面多思考很重要。
It’s important to think more in your learning.
5.他要求我们介绍自己。
He asked us to introduce ourselves.
6.但是潘老师恰好带着微笑看着我。
But Mr Pan just looked at me with a smile.
7.他聪明的言语使我感觉更好。
His clever words made me feel better.
8.今天有很多作业。
There is a lot of homework today.
9.很难决定先做什么。
It’s hard to decide what to do first.
10.完成一本书籍报告花费一个月时间。
It takes one month to finish a book report.
11.不劳无获。
No pain, no gain.
12.你准备好迎接你的新生活了吗?
Are you ready for your new life?
13.你将会穿过风暴,驶向大海。
You will go through storms towards the sea.
14.我们把这封信制作成一个新纸船。
We made this letter into a new paper boat.
15.我们希望在未来的几年里它会帮到你!
We hope it helps you in the coming years!
1 / 13
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$
2025年秋新七年级英语单元词汇规律巧记专练(外研版2024)
02.Unit 1 A new start
目录
板块
内容
1
单元词汇记忆规律
词汇记忆规律、词汇记忆练习
2
单元词汇默写清单
核心词汇、重点短语、句式默写
第一部分 单元词汇记忆规律
【词汇记忆规律】
(一)派生法(加前缀/后缀构成新词)
1. polite → impolite
【构词规律】加前缀“im-”表示否定,意为“不礼貌的”。
例:
① She is a polite girl and always says “thank you”.(她是个礼貌的女孩,总是说“谢谢”。)
② It’s impolite to laugh at others.(嘲笑别人是不礼貌的。)
③ Please be polite when talking to your teachers.(和老师说话时请礼貌些。)
2. meaning → mean
【构词规律】动词“mean”加后缀“-ing”构成名词“meaning”,表示“意义”。
例:
① What’s the meaning of this word?(这个单词是什么意思?)
② I mean to finish my homework before dinner.(我打算晚饭前完成作业。)
③ Can you explain the meaning of this sentence?(你能解释这个句子的意思吗?)
3. important → importance
【构词规律】加后缀“-ance”构成名词,意为“重要性”。
例:
① It’s important to learn English well.(学好英语很重要。)
② Do you know the importance of exercise?(你知道锻炼的重要性吗?)
③ Eating vegetables is important for your health.(吃蔬菜对健康很重要。)
4. advice → advise
【构词规律】名词“advice”去“e”加“-ise”构成动词“advise”,意为“建议”。
例:
① Can you give me some advice?(你能给我一些建议吗?)
② The teacher advises us to read more books.(老师建议我们多读书。)
③ His advice helped me solve the problem.(他的建议帮我解决了问题。)
5. wind → windy
【构词规律】名词“wind”加后缀“-y”构成形容词“windy”,意为“多风的”。
例:
① The wind is strong today.(今天风很大。)
② It’s a windy day. Let’s fly a kite.(今天刮风,我们放风筝吧。)
③ I don’t like windy weather.(我不喜欢刮风的天气。)
6. pain → painful
【构词规律】名词“pain”加后缀“-ful”构成形容词“painful”,意为“疼痛的”。
例:
① He has a pain in his leg.(他腿疼。)
② The cut is very painful.(伤口很疼。)
③ She cried because of the painful experience.(她因痛苦的经历而哭泣。)
(二)转化法(单词词性转换)
1. mistake(名词→动词)
【构词规律】名词“错误”直接转化为动词“犯错误”。
例:
① I made a mistake in the math test.(我在数学考试中犯了一个错误。)
② Don’t mistake his meaning.(不要误解他的意思。)
③ It’s easy to mistake her for her sister.(很容易把她和她姐姐认错。)
2. start(动词→名词)
【构词规律】动词“开始”转化为名词“开端”。
例:
① Let’s start the class now.(我们现在开始上课吧。)
② The start of the movie is very interesting.(电影的开头很有趣。)
③ He made a good start in his new job.(他在新工作中开了个好头。)
转化法是英语中一种重要的构词法,指不改变单词的拼写形式,直接使其从一种词性转化为另一种词性的构词方式。转化后的单词与原单词在词形上完全相同,但词性、词义和用法发生变化。
【词汇记忆练习】
【基础练习】
一、词汇构造规律
1. 给“polite”加前缀构成反义词:_________
2. “mean”的名词形式是:_________
3. “wind”的形容词形式是:_________
4. “advice”的动词形式是:_________
5. “pain”的形容词形式是:_________
6. “mistake”作为动词时的中文意思是:_________
7. “start”作为名词时的中文意思是:_________
8. 给“important”加后缀构成名词:_________
9. “real”的副词形式是:_________
10. “dry”的反义词是:_________(提示:与“湿”相关)
11. “protect”的名词形式可加后缀“-ion”:_________
12. “wide”的名词形式是:_________
13. “hope”的近义词是:_________
14. “thought”的近义词是:_________
15. “journey”的中文意思是:_________
16. “task”的中文意思是:_________
17. “together”的中文意思是:_________
18. “through”的中文意思是:_________
19. “storm”的中文意思是:_________
20. “gain”的中文意思是:_________
二、单词拼写(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1. Don’t be _________ (polite) to your parents. Always say “please”.
2. Can you tell me the _________ (mean) of this sign?
3. I made a few _________ (mistake) in my composition.
4. It’s _________ (importance) to drink water every day.
5. Remember _________ (bring) your notebook to school tomorrow.
6. She looked at me _________ (real) angrily after I broke her pen.
7. The _________ (wind) day made us stay at home.
8. His words gave me much _________ (gain) in my study.
9. We should protect the earth _________ (face) new environmental problems.
10. The little boy fell into the _________ (pool) and cried loudly.
11. They started _________ (work) on the project last week.
12. Please write down the key points _________ (with) forgetting them.
13. The _________ (dry) weather made the plants die.
14. Her _________ (hers) is the best story in the competition.
15. The doctor told him to rest because of the _________ (pain) in his back.
16. We need to finish the _________ (task) before Friday.
17. The _________ (storm) last night broke many trees.
18. He gave me some _________ (advice) on how to learn English.
19. The river is too _________ (wide) for us to swim across.
20. They went _________ (through) the forest and found a small house.
21. The _________ (fact) is that he didn’t tell the truth.
22. I hope _________ (see) you again soon.
23. Let’s think about how _________ (solve) the problem.
24. The little girl turned red when she made a _________ (mistake).
25. The _________ (sentence) is too long. Can you break it into two?
26. They sailed _________ (away) from the island yesterday.
27. The _________ (life) of plants needs water and sunlight.
28. Please put up your hand if you have a _________ (problem).
29. The _________ (main) idea of the story is about friendship.
30. We should share our happiness _________ (with) our friends.
【提升练习】
三、单项选择
1. It’s not polite ______ others when they make mistakes.
A. laugh at B. to laugh at C. laughing at D. laughed at
2. The ______ of “hard work” is getting good results.
A. mean B. meaning C. means D. meant
3. Be careful! Don’t ______ any mistakes in your homework.
A. make B. take C. do D. have
4. It’s important ______ early in the morning.
A. exercise B. exercising C. to exercise D. exercised
5. Remember ______ the door when you leave the room.
A. close B. to close C. closing D. closed
6. The weather is ______ today. Let’s fly a kite.
A. wind B. windy C. winds D. winded
7. She gave me some ______ on how to learn math.
A. advice B. advices C. advise D. advises
8. We should ______ the environment from pollution.
A. protect B. prevent C. provide D. prefer
9. The river is too ______ for us to cross on foot.
A. wide B. long C. short D. tall
10. They went ______ the forest and found a beautiful lake.
A. across B. through C. over D. above
11. The little boy felt ______ when he fell off the bike.
A. pain B. painful C. pains D. painfully
12. The ______ of the story is about love and friendship.
A. main idea B. grammar rule C. new friend D. paper boat
13. Can you ______ the mistake in my composition?
A. point out B. write down C. think about D. look up
14. Don’t forget to ______ your hand if you have a question.
A. put up B. put on C. put off D. put down
15. ______, he is a kind and helpful boy.
A. In fact B. On time C. Day by day D. Of course
16. It takes me two hours ______ my homework every day.
A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished
17. “No pain, no gain” means you can’t get something ______ working hard.
A. with B. without C. for D. from
18. The students are ready ______ the new term.
A. to B. for C. at D. in
19. They made the old paper ______ a beautiful boat.
A. into B. to C. from D. with
20. Let’s share the happiness ______ our classmates.
A. to B. for C. with D. about
21. The ______ is that he didn’t pass the exam.
A. fact B. meaning C. mistake D. problem
22. She looked up ______ the bird in the sky.
A. at B. to C. for D. of
23. The teacher asked us ______ ourselves in English.
A. introduce B. to introduce C. introducing D. introduced
24. His words made me ______ better.
A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt
25. The ______ is difficult to solve. Can you help me?
A. sentence B. task C. journey D. pool
26. They started their ______ to the new city yesterday.
A. task B. project C. journey D. life
27. The ______ is blowing strongly. Close the window!
A. rain B. wind C. storm D. snow
28. We hope ______ good grades in the exam.
A. get B. to get C. getting D. got
29. The little girl turned ______ when she spoke in front of the class.
A. red B. blue C. yellow D. green
30. ______ the help of my teacher, I passed the exam.
A. With B. Under C. On D. For
四、短文填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
Dear Lucy,
How are you? I’m writing to tell you about my new life in middle school. It’s a little difficult, but I’m trying my best to face all the 1. _________ (problem).
First, the teachers here ask us to do more things by 2. _________ (we). For example, we need to finish a book report every month. It takes me about two weeks 3. _________ (finish) it. Sometimes I make 4. _________ (mistake) in grammar, but my teacher always 5. _________ (point) them out kindly.
Second, I have to learn how to manage my time. There is a lot of homework every day, and it’s hard 6. _________ (decide) what to do first. My friend Lily gave me some good 7. _________ (advice). She said, “No pain, no 8. _________ (gain). You must work hard.”
Yesterday, we had a science class. We made a paper boat 9. _________ (use) an old letter. Then we sailed it in a small 10. _________ (pool). It was so interesting!
I hope you can visit me soon and see my new school.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Emma
第二部分 单元词汇默写清单
Unit 1 A new start
Ⅰ.核心单词
1.缺乏;没有 prep.______________→______________ prep.(反义词)
2.句子 n. ______________
3.开始(做某事) ______________
4.错误 n.______________→______________ v.
5.有礼貌的,客气的 adj.______________→______________ adj.(反义词)
6.头脑;思想,思维 n. ______________
7.她的 pron. ______________
8.干的,干燥的 adj. ______________
9.意义;意思;含义 n. ______________→______________ v.
10.事实;真相 n. ______________
11.重要的,重大的 adj. ______________
12.记住,记得 v. ______________
13.很,十分 adv.______________→______________ adj.
14.问题,难题;困难 n. ______________
15.意见,建议;忠告,劝告 n. ______________→______________ v.
16.(学校的)课题,研究项目 n. ______________
17.工作,任务 n. ______________
18.旅行,旅程;历程,过程 n. ______________
19.一起,共同,一齐,一块儿 adv. ______________
20.水塘,水洼 n. ______________
21.起航 v. ______________
22.朝另一方向 adv. ______________
23.意见,主意,观点 n. ______________→______________ n.(近义词)
24.生活 n. ______________
25.保护,防护 v. ______________
26.风 n.______________→______________ adj.
27.宽的,宽阔的 adj. ______________
28.(肉体上的)疼,痛,疼痛 n.______________→______________ adj.
29.(尤指靠计划或努力得到的)好处,利益,改进 n. ______________
30.从一端至另一端,穿过,通过 prep. ______________
31.暴风雨(雪)n. ______________
32.希望,期望,指望 v.______________→______________ v.(近义词)
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.写下,记下 ______________
2.指出,指明 ______________
3.跳入 ______________
4.朝上看 ______________
5.思考,考虑 ______________
6.举手 ______________
7.做得好 ______________
8.事实上 ______________
9.犯错误 ______________
10.主要思想 ______________
11.语法规则 ______________
12.我的一个新朋友 ______________
13.上一节好课 ______________
14.变红 ______________
15.使某人做某事 ______________
16.好好利用 ______________
17.把……变成 ______________
18.一天天,逐渐地 ______________
19.给某人一些建议 ______________
20.第一条建议 ______________
21.按时,准时 ______________
22.当然,自然 ______________
23.和某人分享…… ______________
24.为……做准备 ______________
25.小学 ______________
26.保护……不受…… ______________
27.面对新困难 ______________
28.你自己 ______________
29.尽某人最大努力 ______________
30.通过,穿过 ______________
31.代表 ______________
32.在……的帮助下 ______________
33.添加……到…… ______________
Ⅲ.句式默写
1.学而不思则罔。
______________________________
2.请把这(句话)写下来。
______________________________
3.但是指出这个错误合适吗?
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4.在学习方面多思考很重要。
______________________________
5.他要求我们介绍自己。
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6.但是潘老师恰好带着微笑看着我。
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7.他聪明的言语使我感觉更好。
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8.今天有很多作业。
______________________________
9.很难决定先做什么。
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10.完成一本书籍报告花费一个月时间。
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11.不劳无获。
______________________________
12.你准备好迎接你的新生活了吗?
______________________________
13.你将会穿过风暴,驶向大海。
______________________________
14.我们把这封信制作成一个新纸船。
______________________________
15.我们希望在未来的几年里它会帮到你!
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