课时数智作业12-【高考DNA解码】2026年高考英语一轮总复习学生用书word（北师大版2019）

课时数智作业(十二) Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟) (2024·山东曲阜模拟) On Dec．4，2022，Chinese astronauts Chen Dong，Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe touched down at the Dongfeng landing site in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region，according to the China Manned Space Agency． The astronauts were in orbit for 183 days，during which they oversaw the completion of China's Tiangong space station and several life sciences experiments．They returned with the world's first rice seeds produced in orbit，a feat that allows scientists to examine the effects of microgravity on rice growth so as to find a sustainable food source for long-term space exploration． One such experiment involved reproducing the entire life cycle of rice for the first time in space．It began with selecting rice seeds carefully，which were then nurtured and monitored as they hatched into seedlings．The astronauts diligently tended to these delicate young plants，which grew into mature plants producing new seeds．It began on July 29，and after 120 days in orbit they successfully produced new space grains． The new seeds，along with other bio-samples，have been delivered to the Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing．They will also be transferred to labs in Shanghai for further research．The institute said researchers would conduct microbiology and cellular analysis to better understand how microgravity affects these plants on a molecular (分子的) level．This would provide key insights on creating new crops that are more adaptive to the space environment． Zheng Huiqiong，a researcher at the Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences，said seeds are crucial for growing new crops and supporting humanity's long-term survival in space． While more research is in the pipeline，Zheng said scientists have already noticed several interesting differences between rice grown on Earth and that grown in space．For instance，the flowering period for the space rice begins slightly earlier than rice planted on Earth．Flowering is a crucial stage for plant reproductive development．“The stems for the space rice are also looser，with the dwarf rice variety becoming shorter while the tall shoot rice variety experiencing no change in height，” she added． 1．Why were the rice experiments conducted in space？(　　) A．To gain a thorough insight into the space environment． B．To find long-lasting food supply for space exploration． C．To collect diverse space rice seeds for space research． D．To explore the impact of microgravity on plants in space． 2．What is mainly discussed in paragraph 3？(　　) A．The experiment process． B．The research procedures． C．The current new findings． D．The exploration duration． 3．How did the researchers handle the newly acquired seeds？(　　) A．By preserving them in a secure facility． B．By shipping them to labs for further analysis． C．By studying their adaptability to microgravity． D．By assessing their growth under controlled conditions． 4．What conclusion can be drawn from Zheng's words？(　　) A．More advanced research methods are in great demand． B．Potential application of the research results is promising． C．Space rice varieties commonly suffer decreases in height． D．Distinctions between Earth rice and space rice are evident． Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟) (2024·江西南昌模拟) For decades，I was a hard drinker who could drink anyone under the table．This lasted from the age of 27 until after 50，a golden time during which I felt very sorry for non-drinkers and people who couldn't or wouldn't drink．How did they make it through social situations，especially parties? What did they do at the end of a workday to celebrate and relax? 1 When I first tried to quit drinking myself in my early 50s，I wasn't sure at first how it would work for me．But I did it anyway． 2 I was getting older．I had to concede that I wasn't as tough as I used to be．Nights of drinking too much showed in my face，and I could feel it in my bones．I wanted to take care of myself．So for the next few years，I bounced between not drinking at all for months at a time，then slowly starting again until I had to quit again． During these years，I didn't love not drinking．But I had to admit that when I was off booze，I looked and felt better physically: I slept more deeply，had more energy，and exercised more．My mind was clearer．My moods were brighter．Parties were hard，and so was cooking at the end of a day of writing without a glass of wine at my elbow． 3 I finally quit drinking for real almost four years ago，on 12 July，2019，when a writer friend stayed with my husband and me after his wife kicked him out．After my husband had gone upstairs to bed，my friend sat on our sofa drinking an entire bottle of gin，complaining about his fate，until he passed out next to our dog，whose bed that sofa was． 4 I didn't have a drink the next night，or ever again since． I'm not going to lie: being sober is not a hot-air balloon ride． 5 Having to feel my damn feelings without filters compels me to face and change the things in my life that keep me stuck．Hard work all around，but as my reward，I connect more deeply with the people I care about．I think of not drinking as a kindness I've given myself．And to my surprise，it's rewarded me with true，hard-won happiness． A．It was a wake-up call． B．My body demanded it． C．How did they quit drinking? D．How did they get through life? E．My health started improving rapidly． F．It's more like a hike in the mountains． G．But the pluses seemed to outweigh the minuses． Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟) (2025·重庆三校联考) Science fiction，or sci-fi，has 1． __________ (explosive) grown in popularity since the 21st century．Its impact on media，art，pop culture，film and technology has consolidated sci-fi as 2． unique storytelling genre． Before the 2000s，Chinese science fiction was a lesser-known and community-oriented genre．Few works were translated，and the western world took no interest 3． __________ it．But the once subgenre has become internationally recognized，mainly because of Ken Liu，a writer，4． __________ (translate) and computer scientist．Liu has done more work than anyone else to translate Chinese sci-fi．After he translated The Three-Body Problem，it became the first contemporary Chinese sci-fi novel in English．5． __________ (publish) in 2014，it proved to be a raging success． Writing in Chinese is，of course，different from writing in English．The meanings and references used in Chinese sci-fi are unique to the genre．In the works Liu translated，multiple footnotes are used 6． __________ (describe) the complexity western readers can't understand，and they explain why a word or sentence 7． __________ (write) in a certain way．The cultures and languages within China each have their own subtle differences，giving translated works a foreign and distinct feel 8． __________ no western novel can match． The use of traditional and cultural objects，words and places in Chinese science fiction makes the genre a cultural and 9． __________ (history) analysis of China．After reading The Three-Body Problem，for example，western readers discover some differences and 10． __________ (similarity) between western and Asian cultures． Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2024·湖南长沙模拟) Many years ago I stepped into a bookstore in Cincinnati in search of some books that I wanted．While I was there，a poor little boy，about twelve，came in to ask whether they had a world atlas (地图册) for sell． “Yes．It costs one dollar，” replied the salesman．“I have only sixty-two cents，” the boy said． “Would you let me have it and wait a little while for the rest of the money？” His request being refused，the boy left．I followed him．“And what now？” I asked． “I shall try another place，sir．” “Do you mind if I go too and see how you succeed？” “If you like，” he said in surprise． Four times I saw the look on the boy's face turn to disappointment．But he continued．When we entered the fifth store，he told the bookseller what had happened．When asked why he wanted the atlas so much，the boy said，“My father was a sailor，but he is dead．I want to know about the places he used to go to and I'm going to be a sailor，too．” Deeply touched，the bookseller sold the boy an atlas and presented him with a new pencil for his perseverance (毅力)．I also gave him two dollars for other books he wanted．Tears in his eyes，he told us his name is William Hartley．He hoped to repay us some day． Many years later，I left for Liverpool by water．At the end of the journey，there came a terrible storm and the ship was in trouble．A great leak was filling the ship with water．The crew was made up of strong and able men．But after fighting for one whole night with the water still flowing in，the sailors gave up desperately． But the captain didn't give up．He ordered every man to his position and went below to look for the leak．As he passed me，I asked whether there was any hope of saving the ship．He looked at me，firmly saying “Yes，sir．As long as one inch of this ship remains above water，there is hope．” 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Three times during that day we encountered rather dangerous situations．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Before I expressed my thanks to him，the captain said first，“Sir，do you not recognize me？” 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 6/6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时数智作业(十二) Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。据中国载人航天局消息，2022年12月4日，中国宇航员陈冬、刘洋和蔡旭哲在内蒙古自治区东风着陆点着陆。宇航员在轨道上运行了183天，在此期间，他们监督了中国天宫空间站的竣工和几项生命科学实验。 1．B　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“They returned with the world's first rice seeds produced in orbit，a feat that allows scientists to examine the effects of microgravity on rice growth so as to find a sustainable food source for long-term space exploration．”可知，在太空中进行水稻实验的目的是为太空探索寻找长期的食物供应。故选B。] 2．A　[段落大意题。根据文章第三段“One such experiment involved reproducing the entire life cycle of rice for the first time in space．．．It began on July 29，and after 120 days in orbit they successfully produced new space grains．”可知，第三段主要讨论了实验的过程。故选A。] 3．B　[细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知，研究人员将新获得的种子运送到实验室进行进一步分析。故选B。] 4．C　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句可知，从郑的话中我们可以总结出：太空水稻品种通常会出现高度上的下降。故选C。] Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者戒酒的过程。 1．D　[上文“这种情况从27岁一直持续到50岁以后，在那段黄金时期，我为那些从不喝酒的人和那些不能或不愿喝酒的人感到非常遗憾。他们是如何度过社交活动，特别是派对的？他们在工作日结束时做了什么来庆祝和放松？”指出作者爱喝酒，并提出几个问题为那些从不喝酒的人和那些不能或不愿喝酒的人表示遗憾，由此可知，空处也应是提出问题，表达遗憾。D项“How did they get through life？”符合语境。故选D。] 2．B　[上文“When I first tried to quit drinking myself in my early 50s，I wasn't sure at first how it would work for me．But I did it anyway．”指出作者开始戒酒，下文“I was getting older．I had to concede that I wasn't as tough as I used to be．”说明作者戒酒的原因，即岁数大了，身体不允许作者再喝酒了。B项“My body demanded it．”符合语境，引起下文。故选B。] 3．G　[上文“但我不得不承认，当我戒酒后，我的身体状况看起来好多了：睡得更深了，精力更充沛了，锻炼得更多了。我的头脑更清醒了。我的心情好多了。聚会是艰难的，在一天写作结束的时候，手边没有一杯葡萄酒，做饭也变得艰难起来。”重点描述了戒酒的好处与坏处，由此可知，戒酒利大于弊，空处对上文进行总结。G项“But the pluses seemed to outweigh the minuses．”符合语境。故选G。] 4．A　[上文“After my husband had gone upstairs to bed，my friend sat on our sofa drinking an entire bottle of gin，complaining about his fate，until he passed out next to our dog，whose bed that sofa was．”描述作者的朋友喝醉酒后躺在狗的床上失去知觉，下文“I didn't have a drink the next night，or ever again since．”指出作者从那以后戒酒了，由此可知，空处应该是描述朋友喝酒对作者的影响，即让作者戒酒了。A项“It was a wake-up call．”符合语境。故选A。] 5．F　[由上文“I'm not going to lie: being sober is not a hot-air balloon ride．”可知，空处承接上文，应该指出不喝酒的感觉是什么样的。F项“It's more like a hike in the mountains．”符合语境。故选F。] Ⅲ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了作家、翻译员和计算机科学家刘宇昆翻译中国科幻小说《三体》，取得了巨大成功。 1．explosively　[考查副词。修饰动词grown应用副词。故填explosively。] 2．a　[考查冠词。名词短语“unique storytelling genre”是单数泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定。unique的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。] 3．in　[考查介词。take no interest in“对……不感兴趣”，是固定搭配。故填in。] 4．translator　[考查名词。根据句意可知，此处应用表示人的名词translator，和前文writer及后文computer scientist并列构成名词短语，作名词Ken Liu的同位语。故填translator。] 5．Published　[考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语，动词publish和主语it之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用其过去分词作状语。位于句首，单词首字母大写。故填Published。] 6．to describe　[考查非谓语动词。be used to do sth．“被用来做某事”，是固定搭配，不定式作目的状语。故填to describe。] 7．is written　[考查时态、语态和主谓一致。动词write和主语之间是被动关系，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态。又因主谓一致原则，故填is written。] 8．that/which　[考查定语从句。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为“a foreign and distinct feel”，指代事物，可用关系代词that或which引导从句，作宾语。故填that/which。] 9．historical　[考查形容词。修饰名词analysis应用形容词historical“历史的，历史学的”。故填historical。] 10．similarities　[考查名词复数。根据前文some可知，此处应用名词复数和differences并列作宾语。故填similarities。] Ⅳ．【参考范文】 Three times during that day we encountered rather dangerous situations．But the cool-headed captain's courage，perseverance and powerful will inspired everyone on board，and we all went to work together．In the end we survived rough seas．With the ship successfully docking in Liverpool，I heard many people cheering with excitement and saw the captain standing on the deck with a smile．Thinking that the ship would have sunk with all on board had it not been for the captain，I decided to go to thank him for making us out of the woods． Before I expressed my thanks to him, the captain said first, “Sir, do you not recognize me？” I shook my head and was a little confused after thinking back for a while．“Do you remember the boy you followed and who had great difficulty in getting a world atlas some thirty years ago in Cincinnati？” he asked．“Oh，yes，I remember that boy very well．His name is William Hartley，” I said excitedly．“I'm William Hartley，” the captain laughed．“The perseverance that got you that atlas many years ago has saved our lives now，” I said，feeling proud of him． 1/3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$