第一部分 必修第二册 UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE-【高考DNA解码】2026年高考英语一轮总复习学生用书word（北师大版2019）

必修第二册　UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE 单元词句 语境背记 核心词汇 1．disaster　2．flood　3．wildlife　4．comment　5．crowded　6．living　7．soil　8．climate　9．lecture　10．overuse　11．million　12．greenhouse　13．title　14．wave　15．escape　16．float　17．file　18．soul　19．edge　20．rescue　21．vehicle　22．trap　23．attempt　24．damage　25．measure　26．overseas　27．site　28．process　29．battle　30．duty　31．suffering　32．nearby　33．dust　34．captain　35．base　36．distant　37．shelter　38．varied　39．scary　40．harmless 阅读词汇 1．旱灾，干旱　2．飓风　3．滑坡；塌方　4．火山的；由火山作用引起的　5．风景，景色　6．野草；海藻　7．鹿　8．昆虫　9．鲸　10．海豚　11．鲨(鱼)　12．袋鼠　13．鹰　14．狐狸　15．(热带)丛林　16．旋涡　17．descent　18．tidal　19．barrel　20．extent　21．tube　22．lamp　23．sledge　24．ski　25．polar　26．continent　27．tent　28．brochure　29．aftershock　30．metal　31．skiing　32．originality 拓展词汇 1．erupt　2．ecological　3．shocking；shocked　4．survival；survivor　5．poem；poet　6．mysterious　7．frightening；frighten　8．horror；horribly　9．curiously；curiosity　10．observe　11．equally；equality　12．interruption　13．die；dying；dead　14．lose；lost　15．operate；operator　16．conductor　17．protect；protective 18．breath；breathless；breathlessly　19．explore；exploration　20．prepare　21．anxious；anxiety　22．ambitious　23．cheer　24．proof　25．honest；dishonest　26．sincere；sincerely　27．brave；bravely　28．disappear；appear 高频短语 1．对……置之不理，对……撒手不管　2．朝……方向　3．在……边缘；某事快要发生(尤指不好的事)　4．高速地　5．对……感到好奇　6．最后　7．pick up　8．breathe in　9．run out　10．on the way to．．．　11．have difficulties with sth．　12．break down 语境串记 1．who　2．Expecting　3．down　4．Trapped　5．to call　6．found　7．observation　8．disasters　9．it　10．natural 考点归纳 精准讲练 1．①shocked　②to hear；shocking　③at/by [完美写作]he was numb with shock 2．①to escape　②being caught　③from [完美写作]had I escaped from the building 3．①survivors　②survival [完美写作]how to survive the storm 4．①frightened　②signing　③frightening [完美写作]She was frightened that 5．①Curiosity　②about　③to know [完美写作]no one seems to be able to satisfy his curiosity 6．①equally　②an　③in；without [完美写作]I am equal to the position 7．①to climb　②at [完美写作]①attempted to persuade him　②made an attempt to persuade him 8．①to measure　②measured　③measuring [完美写作]take measures 9．①breathe　②in；out　③breathless [完美写作]might take/draw a deep breath before giving your speech 10．①anxious　②about　③to show [完美写作]was anxiously waiting for 11．①of　②into [完美写作]①have run out of　②has run out 12．①down　②out　③in [完美写作]after it breaks down 13．①more independent　②less　③happier [完美写作]The more complicated 14．①would have inspired　②were　③snowed/should snow/were to snow [完美写作]①hadn't seen；wouldn't have believed　②didn't have；would 基础巩固 达标训练 Ⅰ．1．curious；curiously；curiosity　2．equal；equally；equality　3．operator；operated；operation　4．protections　5．honesty　6．cheerful　7．distance　8．ambition　9．explorers　10．preparation Ⅱ．1．(1)C　(2)A　(3)B　(4)D 2．B　3．B Ⅲ．1．turn our back on　2．frightened was she　3．all at once 主题引领 写作提能 应用文写作 Step 1 ①I am shocked to hear that　②I am anxious to take this opportunity；who suffered greatly in the earthquake　③I breathe a sigh of relief　④They have attempted to rescue people trapped in ruins，totally leaving their own safety behind．　⑤more people have escaped being killed in the disaster　⑥I'm fully convinced that everything will be fine Step 2 ⑦Learning that rescue teams have rushed to your hometown to lend a helping hand，I breathe a sigh of relief．　⑧They have attempted to rescue people trapped in ruins，totally leaving their own safety behind，which deserves our respect and admiration． Step 3 Dear Jim， I am shocked to hear that a horrible earthquake unexpectedly broke out in your hometown． I am anxious to take this opportunity to express my deepest sympathy and concern for the people who suffered greatly in the earthquake．Learning that rescue teams have rushed to your hometown to lend a helping hand，I breathe a sigh of relief．They have attempted to rescue people trapped in ruins，totally leaving their own safety behind，which deserves our respect and admiration．What's more，with the aid of the world，more people have escaped being killed in the disaster． I'm fully convinced that everything will be fine and the stricken area will recover soon． Yours， Li Hua 读后续写 Step 2 ①have I experienced such a hopeless moment　②tears of horror and despair mixed with rain streaming down my face　③death was waiting for me　④Thrown into a world of darkness and sinking into hopelessness　⑤when my husband Joe came to my rescue；inched forward in the muddy water　⑥Only then did I get rid of my terror 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 核心 词汇 1．__________ n．灾难；灾祸 2．__________ n．洪水，水灾 3．__________ n．野生动植物，野生生物 4．__________ n．评论；意见 5．__________ adj．拥挤的；挤满人的 6．__________ adj．活的，活着的 7．__________ n．土壤 8．__________ n．气候 9．__________ n．讲座，讲课；演讲 10．__________ vt．过度使用；滥用 11．__________ n．百万 12．__________ n．温室，暖房 13．__________ n．题目，标题 14．__________ n．海浪；波涛 15．__________ vi．& vt．逃离；逃避 16．__________ vi．浮；漂 17．__________ n．档案，卷宗 18．__________ n．灵魂 19．__________ n．边缘 20．__________ n．& vt．营救；救援 21．__________ n．交通工具，车辆 22．__________ vt．困住；使陷于危险中 23．__________ n．& vt．努力，尝试，企图 24．__________ n．伤害，损伤，损害 25．__________ vt．估量，衡量；测量 26．__________ adv．在海外，在外国 27．__________ n．场所，地点 28．__________ n．过程，进程 29．__________ n．较量，竞争；斗争；战斗 30．__________ n．职责，义务；责任 31．__________ n．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨 32．__________ adv．附近 33．__________ n．灰尘；尘埃 34．__________ n．上校；队长；组长 35．__________ n．基地，大本营；基础vt．以……为基地 36．__________ adj．久远的；遥远的 37．__________ n．避难所 38．__________ adj．各种各样的，形形色色的 39．__________ adj．可怕的，恐怖的 40．__________ adj．无害的 阅读 词汇 1．drought n．__________ 2．hurricane n．__________ 3．landslide n．__________ 4．volcanic adj．__________ 5．landscape n．__________ 6．weed n．__________ 7．deer n．__________ 8．insect n．__________ 9．whale n．__________ 10．dolphin n．__________ 11．shark n．__________ 12．kangaroo n．__________ 13．eagle n．__________ 14．fox n．__________ 15．jungle n．__________ 16．whirlpool n．__________ 17．__________ n．下降，下落 18．__________ adj．潮汐的，潮水的 19．__________ n．桶 20．__________ n．面积；长度；范围；程度 21．__________ n．圆管，管子；(伦敦)地铁 22．__________ n．灯 23．__________ n．雪橇 24．__________ n．滑雪板vi．滑雪 25．__________ adj．极地的，地极的 26．__________ n．洲，大洲；大陆 27．__________ n．帐篷 28．__________ n．小册子 29．__________ n．(地震的)余震 30．__________ n．金属 31．__________ n．滑雪运动 32．__________ n．独创性；创造力 拓展 词汇 1．eruption n．爆发→__________ v．爆发；喷出 2．ecology n．生态；生态学→__________ adj．生态学的；生态的 3．shock vt．使震惊；使难以置信 n．震惊；休克→__________ adj．令人震惊的→__________ adj．震惊的 4．survive vi．& vt．活下来；幸存→__________ n．幸存→__________ n．幸存者 5．poetry n．诗歌；作诗的艺术→__________ n．诗；诗歌→__________ n．诗人 6．mystery n．神秘事物，难以理解的事物→__________ adj．神秘的；不可思议的 7．frightened adj．受惊的，害怕的→__________ adj．令人害怕的→__________ v．使受惊；使惊恐 8．horrible adj．可怕的，吓人的，令人恐惧的→__________ n．恐惧，害怕；令人惊恐的事→__________ adv．害怕地；可怕地；极其地 9．curious adj．好奇的→__________ adv．好奇地→__________ n．好奇心 10．observation n．观察；观察结果→__________ v．观察；注意到；庆祝；遵守 11．equal adj．相等的；相同的；平等的→__________ adv．同样地；平等地→__________ n．平等 12．interrupt vi．& vt．打断讲话→__________ n．打断，打扰；中断时间 13．death n．死，死亡→__________ v．死亡→__________ adj．垂死的→__________ adj．失去生命的；不再使用的 14．loss n．丧失；死亡→__________ vt．失去；丢失；使迷路→__________ adj．丢失的；迷路的 15．operation n．行动，活动；手术；操作→__________ v．运转；做手术；操作→__________ n．接线员；操作者 16．conduct vt．实施；进行；执行vi．& vt．指挥→__________ n．指挥；售票员 17．protection n．保护；防护→__________ v．保护；防护→__________ adj．保护的；防护的 18．breathe vi．& vt．呼吸→__________ n．呼吸→__________ adj．气喘吁吁的，喘不过气来的→__________ adv．气喘吁吁地 19．explorer n．探险者；勘察者→__________ v．探索；探究；勘察→__________ n．探险；探索 20．preparation n．预备，准备→__________ v．准备；预备 21．anxiously adv．焦虑地；不安地→__________ adj．焦虑的，担心的→__________ n．忧虑，焦虑 22．ambition n．抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿→__________ adj．有雄心的；野心勃勃的 23．cheerful adj．高兴的，兴高采烈的→__________ v．使高兴；欢呼 n．欢呼声 24．prove vt．证明；证实→__________ n．证据 25．honesty n．坦诚；诚实，正直→__________ adj．诚实的→__________ adj．不诚实的 26．sincerity n．真诚，真挚，诚实→__________ adj．真诚的→__________ adv．诚挚地 27．bravery n．勇气；勇敢的行为→__________ adj．勇敢的→__________ adv．勇敢地 28．disappearance n．消亡；消失→__________ vi．消失；消亡；灭绝→__________ vi．出现linking v．看来；似乎 高频 短语 1．turn one's back (on sb．/sth．)__________ 2．in the direction of__________ 3．on the edge of__________ 4．at great speed__________ 5．be/become curious about__________ 6．in the end__________ 7．__________ 去接(某人)；拿起；捡起； 营救，搭救 8．__________ 吸气 9．__________ 用完；耗尽 10．__________在去往……的路上 11．__________在某事方面有困难 12．__________ 停止运转，出故障 句型 公式 1．It took less than a single day to change my hair from black to white．(It takes/took sb．＋时间段＋to do．．．) 不到一天的时间，我的头发就由黑变白了。 2．I felt sick，as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream．(as if 引导方式状语从句) 我觉得恶心，好像在梦中从山顶上掉下来似的。 3．The first，the larger the bodies were，the more rapidly they fell．．．(the＋比较级，the＋比较级) 第一，物体越大，下落越快…… 4．As you can see，the reason why I'm here to tell the story is that I made the right decision．(the reason why．．．is/was that．．．) 如你所见，我能在这里讲这个故事正是因为我做了正确的决定。 5．But what if I'm trapped？(what if．．．？) 但是如果我被困住了怎么办？ 6．Then came the total darkness of the polar winter．(全部倒装) 极地的冬季来临，四处一片黑暗。 7．Amundsen was the first to leave on 8 September，1911．(the first．．．to do sth．) 阿蒙森于1911年9月8日第一个离开。 8．The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking．[have difficulty (in) doing．．．] 下一个离去的是奥茨上校，他连走路都很困难。 In fact，it was out of curiosity that I attended the lecture given by a famous explorer，1．__________ had just returned from a distant continent．2．__________ (expect) to hear varied horrible experiences and mysteries in the process of his exploration，I went to the site cheerfully．He indeed shared some stories of battling against nature with bravery，in one of which his vehicle broke 3．__________ in the polar area because the gas had run out．4．__________ (trap) in the scary snowstorm，he attempted 5．__________ (call) for rescue through the phone，but it proved useless．Frightened and hungry，he was at a loss and was faced with death several times．He was walking anxiously until he 6．__________ (find) shelter in a nearby base．Besides，the suffering of wildlife shocked us．According to his 7．__________ (observe)，millions of animals are on the edge of disappearance．Apart from natural 8．__________ (disaster) such as floods，droughts，landslides，volcanic eruptions and hurricanes，to some extent，too much greenhouse gas also caused damage to them．Instead of turning our back on the terrible climate，we should take measures to conduct wildlife protection．Having heard his lecture，I find 9．__________ everyone's duty to keep the balance of ecology．Equally important is that we should hand out some brochures to teach people to observe 10．__________ (nature) laws． 1．shock [课本义]vt．使震惊；使难以置信　[增补义]n．休克；震惊 ①We found ourselves __________ (shock) by the large number of visitors． ②Tom was shocked __________ (hear) the __________ (shock) news that there would be a volcanic eruption． ③I am shocked __________ the news that the number of baleen whales has reduced by 99% in the last century． 　读后续写之神态描写 看到窗外浓烟滚滚，他惊呆了。 Seeing heavy smoke shooting out of the window，____________________________． ◎in shock震惊地；休克 ◎be numb with shock震惊得目瞪口呆 ◎shocked adj．感到震惊的 ◎be shocked at/by．．．对……感到震惊 ◎be shocked to do．．．因做……而震惊 ◎shocking adj．令人震惊的 ◎The violence in her tone gave Tyler a shock． 她语气激烈，使泰勒大为震惊。 2．escape [课本义]vi．& vt．逃离；逃避　[增补义]vt．被遗忘 vi．(气体、液体等)泄漏 n．逃脱；逃避；漏出 ①(人教版必修第三册Unit 4)One of the most dangerous parts of space exploration is helping people __________ (escape) Earth's gravity． ②The frightened deer tried to escape __________ (catch) by the tiger，but in vain． ③To our relief，these trapped miners escaped __________ the collapsed mine． 　读后续写之场景描写 我刚逃离这座大楼，它就烧毁了。 Hardly ________________________________________ when it burned down． ◎escape from从……逃脱；逃避…… ◎escape doing/being done sth．逃避做/被做某事 ◎have a narrow escape死里逃生；侥幸躲过 ◎It was an actor whose name escapes me for the moment． 那是个我一时想不起名字的演员。 3．survive [课本义]vi．& vt．活下来；幸存　[增补义]vt．比……活的时间长 ①A plane crashed yesterday，and there were no __________ (survive)． ②Amy's only chance of __________ (survive) was a liver transplant． 　读后续写之主旨升华 生活不在于如何在风暴中幸存，而在于学会在风雨中翩翩起舞。 Life isn't about ____________________________；it's about learning to dance in the rain． ◎survive sth．幸免于，挺过…… ◎survive on sth．靠……存活 ◎survive sb．by．．．years比某人多活了……年 ◎survivor n．幸存者 ◎survival n．幸存，幸免 ◎He owed his survival to his strength as a swimmer． 他把自己幸免于难归功于自己擅长游泳。 4．frightened adj．受惊的，害怕的 ①(外研版必修第二册Unit 6)It made people __________ (frighten) of sharks，especially of the great white shark． ②They frightened the old lady into __________ (sign) the paper． ③Then we heard a __________ (frighten) sound after a bright flash of lightning． 　读后续写之心理描写 她害怕玻璃会破碎。 ______________________________________________ the glass would break． ◎frighten sb．into/out of doing sth．把某人吓得做/不做某事 ◎be frightened of (doing) sth．害怕(做)某事 ◎be frightened that．．．害怕…… ◎frightening adj．令人惊恐的；骇人的 ◎All this was just designed to frighten me and keep me in line． 所有这一切只是设计来吓唬我，让我守规矩。 5．curious adj．好奇的 ①(人教版选择性必修第三册Unit 4)Have you heard of the saying “__________ (curious) killed the cat”？ ②Curious __________ the process of making a lamp，the boy went to the factory to make a careful observation． ③I am really curious __________ (know) what comments others have made on my poetry． 　应用文写作之人物介绍 我弟弟总是爱问为什么，似乎没有人能满足他的好奇心。 My brother always loves to ask why，and ____________________________． ◎be curious about对……感到好奇 ◎be curious to do sth．极想做某事 ◎curiosity n．好奇；好奇心 ◎curiously adv．好奇地 ◎(2024·全国甲卷)I was curious and planned a special one-day trip there with a friend of mine． 我很好奇，便和我的一个朋友计划了一次特别的一日游。 6．equal [课本义]adj．相等的；相同的　[增补义]n．同等的人；相等物 linking v．与……相等，等于；比得上 ①(外研版必修第二册Unit 4)If so，why has one of the earliest and greatest works in Western storytelling，Homer's The Odyssey，never had an __________ (equal) great movie based on it? ②I respect my mother so much as she never treats me as a child，but as __________ equal． ③No one can equal him __________ sports；that is to say，he is __________ equal in sports in my class． 　应用文写作之申请信 我确信我能胜任这个职位，因为我曾经当过导游。 I am sure ____________________________ because I have ever worked as a tour guide． ◎be equal to (doing) sth．等于/胜任(做)某事 ◎equal sb．/sth．in (doing) sth．在(做)某事上比得过某人/物 ◎without equal无与伦比 ◎equality n．平等；相等 ◎equally adv．相等地；平等地 ◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)But equally important is the mental aspect． 但同样重要的是心理方面。 7．attempt n．& vt．努力，尝试，企图 ①(外研版必修第三册Unit 5)With the majority of attempts __________ (climb) Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure，is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking? ②The students who are not successful __________ the first attempt may take the exam again． 　一句多译 昨天我试图说服他，但是徒劳无功。 ①Yesterday，I ______________________，but in vain．(attempt v．) ②Yesterday，I ______________________，but in vain．(attempt n．) ◎attempt to do sth．尝试/试图做某事 ◎make an attempt/attempts (to do sth．)尝试(做某事) ◎in an attempt to do sth．试图做某事 ◎at the first attempt第一次尝试 ◎attempted adj．未遂的 ◎(2024·全国甲卷)The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation． 圣卢卡斯号每年的抵达是改善这种状况的又一次尝试。 8．measure [课本义]vt．估量，衡量；测量　[增补义] n．措施；计量标准 ①(外研版必修第三册Unit 6)Weather forecasting advanced over time，with more and more instruments __________ (measure) temperature，humidity and air pressure． ②In the US，distance is __________ (measure) in miles． ③He was on the front lawn，__________ (measure) out two circles． 　词汇升级 (普通表达)We will do something to prevent the river from being polluted． (高级表达)We will ______________________ to prevent the river from being polluted． ◎measure．．．by．．．用……来衡量…… ◎be measured by/in用……来衡量/计算 ◎take measures/steps/action to do sth．采取措施做某事 ◎make sth．to one's measure照某人的尺寸做某物 ◎measurement n．尺寸；度量；测量 ◎(2024·全国甲卷)The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem． 政府一直在努力提出解决这一问题的措施。 9．breathe vi．& vt．呼吸 ①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 2)We are always around you! We eat，drink，wake up，__________ (breath) and live with you! ②It has been proved that in the daytime，plants will breathe __________ carbon dioxide and breathe __________ oxygen． ③We all became __________ (breathe) when we arrived at the crowded lecture hall in a hurry． 　应用文写作之建议信 如果你仍然感到紧张，你可以在演讲前深吸一口气。 If you still feel nervous，you ________________________________________． ◎breathe in/out 吸气/呼气 ◎breathe a sigh of relief松了一口气 ◎breath n．呼吸 ◎hold one's breath屏息；屏气 ◎take/draw a deep breath深呼吸 ◎out of breath喘不过气来 ◎in one breath一口气，同时 ◎breathless adj．气喘吁吁的，喘不过气来的 ◎We all breathed a sigh of relief when it was over． 事情过去后，我们大家都松了一口气。 10．anxiously adv．焦虑地；不安地 ①(译林版必修第一册Unit 2)You may feel __________ (anxiously) that you are developing at a different rate to your friends，shooting up in height or getting left far behind． ②Jack still can't help being anxious __________ his job interview． ③Peggy is anxious __________ (show) that she can cope with extra responsibility． 　读后续写之心理描写 我在忧心忡忡地等着他的电话。 I ______________________________________________ his phone call． ◎anxious adj．焦虑的、担心的 ◎be anxious about为……担心/忧虑 ◎be anxious for sth．渴望某事 ◎be anxious to do sth．渴望做某事 ◎anxiety n．忧虑，担心 ◎with anxiety焦虑地 ◎The boy appeared anxious，had lost weight and was not sleeping well． 那个男孩显得很焦虑，体重减轻了，觉也睡不好。 11．run out 用完；耗尽 ①(译林版必修第三册Unit 2)Were you afraid of running out __________ supplies? ②We went too fast round the corner and ran __________ a lamp post． 　一句多译 问题是我们的钱已经用完了。 ①The problem is that we __________________________________ our money． ②The problem is that our money ____________________________． ◎run out (of sth．)用完，耗尽(供应品) ◎run into碰撞；遇上；偶然遇到 ◎run over (车辆)碾压；匆匆看一遍；浏览 ◎run after追逐；追求 ◎run across偶然遇见(或看到) ◎We've nearly run out of paper．Do you think there's enough for today? 我们的纸差不多已用完了。你看今天够用吗？ 12．break down [课本义]停止运转，出故障　[增补义](身体)垮掉；(谈判等)失败；分解；划分；崩溃；拆毁 ①(译林版必修第三册Unit 1)When a jaguar dies，a tiny army of microorganisms helps break __________ its body and return the nutrients to the earth． ②Not long after his return，a local war broke __________ near his town． ③He broke __________ with some ideas of his own． 　应用文写作之情感评论 只要我们真诚地为朋友做点什么，友谊破裂后是可以弥补的。 Friendship can be mended __________________________________，as long as we sincerely do something for our friends． ◎break up 结束；(使)破碎；分裂；(使)散开 ◎break in破门而入；打断(谈话等) ◎break into强行闯入；突然……起来 ◎break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；发生(无被动语态) ◎break away from脱离；挣脱 ◎We had gone about fifty miles when the car broke down． 我们行驶了大约五十英里，汽车突然抛锚了。 13．[教材原句]The first，the larger the bodies were，the more rapidly they fell．．． (the＋比较级，the＋比较级)第一，物体越大，下降速度越快…… ①(外研版必修第三册Unit 1)The __________ (independent) you are，the better your life will be． ②The more roads and parking lots we pave，the __________ (little) water can flow into the ground to become groundwater． ③The more we do for the people，the __________ (happy) we will feel． 　应用文写作之人物描写 他面临的困难越复杂，他就越冷静、越勇敢。 ____________________________ the difficulties he faces，the calmer and braver he is． ◎“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”意为“越……，就越……”。 ◎“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”，表示本身程度的变化。 ◎“the more．．．，the less．．．”意为“越……，越不……”。 ◎The more time you spend on a task，the easier it becomes． 花在某项任务上的时间越多，它就会变得越简单。 14．[教材原句]If people hadn't taken the meat，the wolves would have left the farmers' sheep alone． (虚拟语气)如果人们不把肉拿走，狼就不会打农民的羊的主意了。 ①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 6) Christa __________ (inspire) lots of people if she hadn't lost her life on board the Challenger． ②If I __________ (be) you，I would choose to work in a small town． ③If it __________ (snow) tomorrow，our plan would be postponed． 　完成句子 ①如果我不是亲眼所见，我是不会相信的。 If I ______________________ it with my own eyes，I ________________ it． ②要是我现在没有这么多事情要去应付，我一定会参加你的婚礼的。 If I ______________________ so many things to deal with now，I ______________________ definitely attend your wedding． ◎对过去情况的虚拟，条件句用had done形式，主句用would/should/might/could have done形式。 ◎对现在情况的虚拟，条件句用一般过去时，主句谓语用“would/should/might/could＋动词原形”。 ◎对将来情况的虚拟，条件句中谓语动词可用should do，were to do或动词的过去式三种形式，主句谓语用“would/should/might/could＋动词原形”。 ◎I'd pay you double if you got the work finished by Friday． 如果你周五前完工，我付你双倍的报酬。 Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．We were __________ about the wildlife，so my classmates and I walked into the thick forest __________．It was this experience that satisfied our __________．(curious) 2．As teachers，we must be __________ to the job．We should treat every student __________ and teach them about the importance of __________ by what we do．(equal) 3．The __________ first looked through the brochure，then __________ the machine according to the instructions properly．The new __________ rule should be paid more attention to．(operate) 4．(2023·全国甲卷)Their recovery has been so successful that the U．S．Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies，which would loosen legal __________ (protection) and allow them to be hunted． 5．(人教版选择性必修第四册Unit 1)We believe he is a man of absolute __________ (honest)，and trust his words completely． 6．(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)For instance，most comedians never cease to have smiles on their faces and always sound __________ (cheer) because that's the nature of their work． 7．(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 3)Professors and students alike in the three universities made an epic journey over a __________ (distant) of more than 2，000 kilometres，most of them on foot． 8．(译林版选择性必修第二册Unit 2) As Coubertin believed，“With the Olympic Games，each generation celebrates its advent，its joy of living，its faith in the future，its __________ (ambitious) and its will to ascend．” 9．(人教版选择性必修第三册Unit 4)Because of the cruel weather and very little knowledge of how to survive in the Antarctic，the chances of success were quite slim and many __________ (explore) died． 10．(译林版选择性必修第一册Unit 1)The __________ (prepare) of home-cooked meals is easy and enjoyable． Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义 1．flood A．n．洪水，水灾　B．vi．& vt．(使)淹没　C．vi．大量涌入　D．vi．& vt．照进；覆盖 (1)A wave of happiness flooded over me． __________ (2)The river is in flood again． __________ (3)The whole town flooded when the river burst its banks． __________ (4)She drew the curtains and the sunlight flooded in． __________ 2．(2022·全国甲卷)However，after I went to high school，somehow I became distant from him． __________ A．久远的　 B．疏远的　　　　 C．不同的 3．A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder． __________ A．逃跑，逃走 B．(暂时的)解脱 C．漏出；溢出 Ⅲ．写作迁移 1．每当我们的同学遇到困难时，我们绝不应该置之不理。我们应该做的是伸出援手。 Whenever our classmates meet difficulties，we should never ________________ it．What we should do is to offer a helping hand． 2．She was so afraid that she could not fix her thoughts on anything． →So ______________________ that she could not fix her thoughts on anything． 3．The fire alarm went off suddenly，causing panic among the students． →The fire alarm went off ______________________causing panic among the students． 假如你是李华，在得知外国笔友Jim家乡发生地震后，你决定用英文给Jim写一封慰问信，内容包括： 1．表达安慰； 2．世界各地进行援助； 3．表达希望和对其重建家园的信心。 　写作微练 ①听说你的家乡意外地发生了一场可怕的地震，我很震惊。(shock) ________________________________________ a horrible earthquake unexpectedly broke out in your hometown． ②我很想借此机会向在地震中遭受巨大苦难的人们表达我最深切的同情和关心。(anxious；定语从句) ________________________________________ to express my deepest sympathy and concern for the people ________________________________________． ③得知救援队已经赶到你的家乡伸出援助之手，我松了一口气。(breathe a sigh of relief) I learn that rescue teams have rushed to your hometown to lend a helping hand．______________________________________________． ④他们试图营救被困在废墟中的人们，完全将他们自身的安全抛在脑后，值得我们的尊重和钦佩。(attempt to do；动词-ing形式短语作状语) ________________________________________This deserves our respect and admiration． ⑤在世界各国人民的帮助下，更多的人避免了在灾难中丧生的命运。(escape doing) With the aid of the world，__________________________________． ⑥我完全相信，一切都会好起来的，受灾地区将很快恢复。(convinced) __________________________________ and the stricken area will recover soon． 　句式升级 ⑦用动词-ing形式短语作状语改写③中的句子 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ⑧用定语从句改写④中的句子 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 　妙笔成篇 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 　语料积累 教材 语料 亮词 人物描写：ambition；honesty；sincerity；bravery 情感描写：shock；frightened；horrible；curious；anxiously；cheerful 美句 1．All at once，the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm． 2．So I tied myself to a barrel to help me float．I tried to make my brother understand，but he was too frightened and stayed in the heavy boat．Without waiting，I jumped into the sea to try and escape． 3．Then the sky was clear，the wind calmer，and the moon was shining． 拓展 语料 单词 shout v．大声喊叫；scream v．惊声尖叫；struggle v．挣扎；奋斗；艰难行进；hopeless adj．不抱希望的；无望的→hopelessly adv．绝望地；无望地；threat n．威胁→threaten v．威胁；胁迫；despair n．绝望→desperate adj．绝望的→desperation n．绝望 语块 in despair/desperation绝望地；fall into despair/sink into hopelessness/abandon oneself to despair陷入绝望；be in the depths of despair陷入绝望的深渊；give up all hope绝望；be thrown into a world of darkness被扔进黑暗世界；be getting desperate with＋情感名词　因为……而感到越来越绝望；weep bitter tears of despair/desperation绝望得痛哭流涕；be seized with overwhelming despair绝望到极点；one's eyes be glued to/be fixed on sb．with disappointment失望地盯着某人 句型 1．As time went by，the faith that I could make it alive faded gradually． 随着时间的推移，我能活着的信念逐渐消退。 2．Despair/Desperation was written all over his pale face．(无灵主语句) 他苍白的脸上写满了绝望。 3．A sense of despair swallowed/seized/took hold of him completely．(无灵主语句) 他完全被绝望吞没了。 4．His heart was torn with despair． 他的心因绝望而被撕裂了。 　语料运用 ①我一生中从未经历过如此绝望的时刻。(倒装句) Never ____________________________________________________ in my life． ②我正开车回家，突然下起了倾盆大雨。我被困在大雨中，挣扎着前进，但没有成功，恐惧和绝望的泪水夹杂着雨水顺着我的脸流了下来。(独立主格结构) I was driving home when it rained cats and dogs．Stuck in the heavy rain，I struggled to make my way but in vain，______________________________________． ③更糟糕的是，我的车开始越来越剧烈地摇晃。我感到更害怕，感觉到死亡在等着我。(拟人) What's worse，my car began to shake increasingly wildly．I felt more frightened and sensed ___________________________________________________________． ④我被扔进了一个黑暗的世界，陷入了绝望，我扯着嗓子大喊，但没有回应。(分词短语作状语) ____________________________________________________，I yelled at the top of my lung but no response． ⑤我正打算放弃，这时我的丈夫乔(Joe)前来营救我。他走近我，打开车门，帮我下了车。确认安全后，我们在泥泞的水中慢慢前进，最终平安到家。(时间状语从句) I was about to give up _______________________________．He approached me and opened the door，helping me get out of the car．After confirming the safety，we _______________________________ and eventually made it home safe and sound． ⑥直到那时，我才摆脱了恐惧。乔把我抱在怀里，不停地拍我的背，温柔地安慰我。(倒装句) ______________________________________．Joe gathered me into his arms and kept patting my back，comforting me gently． 22/22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$