精品解析：北京市第八中学京西校区2024-2025学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题

北京市第八中学京西校区2024-2025学年度第二学期期中练习题 高二英语 2025.4 考生须知 1.本试卷共10页，共七道大题，44个小题。满分100分。考试时间90分钟。 2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校和姓名，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡相应位置处。 3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。选择题、作图题用2B铅笔作答，其它试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 4.考试结束，将试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。 第一部分 选择题 第一节 完形填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。 Early in my teaching career, I heard countless make-believe stories for unfinished homework. Then I grew less trusting and quitted ___1___ any excuse. When the students at my new school didn’t finish homework, I never asked why. Instead, I just sighed loudly and recorded a zero in the grade book. I soon gained the ___2___ I thought I wanted. One day, Anthony approached me. “Could I talk to you?” he asked ___3___. “I know you said no excuse, but I don’t want you to think I’m ___4___ because I often come without my homework.” He then looked up at me for the first time. “It’s just that... my dad moved out, and my mom works at night, so I have to look after my little brothers. Often, they cry a lot, and it’s hard for me to ___5___...” I was about to ask why he didn’t tell me earlier when I suddenly realized why. So I changed the ___6___. “Would it help if you stayed after school and worked on it before you go home?” He nodded hard. Anthony became the first student in my after-school study session. Several days later, Terrell joined him, followed by Sandy and Randy. Before long, I had a room full of students. Their stories were not amusing, but all very ___7___: ·The power company ___8___ our lights because we couldn’t pay the bill. ·My dad says schoolwork is just a waste of time. ·We don’t have any paper in the house. I thus discovered not all kids come from families that are ___9___. Not all kids have a quiet bedroom with a desk and study light. Some don’t even have home. Most importantly, I learned that “I’ll listen” _____10_____ better than “No excuse!” 1. A. inventing B. finding C. accepting D. offering 2. A. reputation B. benefit C. experience D. praise 3. A. loudly B. shyly C. curiously D. eagerly 4. A. poor B. mean C. lazy D. weak 5. A. behave B. concentrate C. struggle D. compete 6. A. question B. tune C. process D. thought 7. A. complex B. moving C. cool D. real 8. A. broke down B. put out C. cut off D. shut out 9. A. disciplined B. peaceful C. traditional D. supportive 10. A. works B. feels C. understands D. controls 第二节 阅读理解（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Technology is changing fast. Every year, there are some inventions that make our life so much easier, smarter. You’ll find the new technologies below are brilliant, and some of them are a little fun. A Scent-Based Alarm Clock $59 Who wants the noisy beeping of an alarm clock waking them up every morning and starting their day off on the wrong foot? We believe, nobody. This special alarm clock replaces that sharp sound with a calming melody-oh, and it can give off a pleasant smell. Think: freshly ground coffee, freshly mown grass, and the fresh scent of flowers. Voice-Activated Lights $70 About 50 percent of people in the United Kingdom admitted to keeping the lights on when they leave the house. The sad reality is that sometimes we forget to turn the lights off and other times, we’re just too lazy to walk over to the light switch. But there’s a simple solution: Voice-activated light switches. If you own a Google Assistant, then these automated lights will connect to your smart device so you can command them to dim, stay on for a specified period of time, or just turn off completely. A Mug with a Customizable Temperature $80 Drinking boiled hot coffee is no fun-it may burn your mouth. Luckily one company has come up with a solution for liquids that are too hot for a long time. They designed a mug that allows you to choose your ideal liquid temperature, and their technology will maintain the temperature as you sip leisurely. The mug is so high-tech that you can even connect it to your phone and it will keep you updated on the status of the temperature. An Instant Voice Translator $85 Since many kinds of languages are spoken around the world, being bilingual is a valuable skill. Most of us don’t exactly have the time on our hands to learn that many languages, so the next-best thing is this device that will translate over 32 languages in real time. One person tested the device and stated that it is “simple and readily understood, with proper information on word synonyms.” 11. Which of the following can give off the pleasant smell? A. Voice-Activated Lights. B. A Scent-Based Alarm Clock. C. A Mug with a Customizable Temperature. D. An Instant Voice Translator. 12. From the passage, we know the Instant Voice Translator ______. A. can communicate with people B. can test a person’s language ability C. offers translation in many languages D. helps improve a person’s writing skills 13 We can probably read this passage from ______. A. a geography magazine B. a new technology website C. a biology textbook D. a health research report B Huang Danian, the well-known Chinese geophysicist, was born in 1958 in Guangxi, China. As a keen and able student, Huang went to the UK in 1993 to further his studies. By the time Huang moved back to China in 2008, he had been living and working in the UK for 15years. He had a good job and a life there, but he gave it all up to return to China driven by the idea that he desired to contribute to his country. As one of the world’s leading experts in deep earth exploration technology, Huang was invited to participate in the “Thousand Talent” programme. He took up a position at Jilin University, Changchun. Huang was named lead scientist on China’s deep earth exploration programme, developing advanced cameras that can see through the Earth’s crust (外壳) so that it can be analysed without having to dig into it. He set up an advanced lab, sometimes paying for equipment with his own money. Some described him as a “lunatic” (a “madman”), but this passion and drive enabled Huang to push forwards China’s deep earth exploration technology into a world-leading position. Huang’s devotion contributed to China’s lunar probe (月球探测器) Yutu being landed on the moon in 2013 and the launch of the space crafts Shenzhou-11 and Tiangong-2 in 2016. Huang’s health also paid the price for his commitment. He began having fainting fits (昏厥) in 2012, but paid them little attention, stating he did not have time to go to see a doctor — his work always came first. In November 2016, Huang fainted and was taken to hospital, where he was diagnosed with cancer. The disease was so advanced that he had just a couple of months to live. Like the true scientist he was, Huang never gave up, but always tried to push forwards. Even from his hospital bed, he continued his work, writing letters of reference for his colleagues and replying to questions from his students. Huang, such a patriotic (爱国的) hero, died in January 2017, aged just 58. More than 800 people attended his funeral to celebrate a life that burned so bright, but was so short. 14. Huang returned to China in 2008 because ______. A. he desired to contribute to his country B. the “Thousand Talent” program attracted him C. Jilin University offered him a top position D. he wasn’t satisfied with the life in the UK 15. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. China’s nuclear development. B. Huang’s working attitude. C. Huang’s great contributions to China. D. China’s biological technology. 16. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. The working environment caused Huang’s disease. B. Huang continued his work despite his poor health. C. Huang was taken to hospital after he fainted in 2014 D. Much money was paid to treat Huang’s illness. 17. According to the passage, Which of the following can be used to describe Huang Danian? A. Patriotic and committed. B. Selfish and arrogant. C. Modest and courageous. D. Generous and honest. C The Land Under the Sea Ten thousand years ago as the last ice age ended, sea levels around the world were far lower than they are today. Much of the land under both the North Sea to the east of Britain and the English Channel which now separates France and Britain was part of a huge region of forests and grassy plains. Then the climate gradually became warmer and the water trapped in large masses of ice was released. Now the development of advanced sonar (声纳) technology, known as bathymetry, is making it possible to study this flooded landscape in extraordinary detail. A special echo (回声) sounder is fixed to the bottom of a survey ship and it makes wide sweeps across the seabed. While previous technology has only been able to produce two-dimensional images, bathymetry can now use computers, satellite-positioning equipment and special software to create accurate and remarkably detailed maps. For the first time, an ancient riverbed jumps out of the three-dimensional image. The site of pre-historic settlements can now be pinpointed. According to expert Linda Andrews, this technological development is of huge significance. “We now have the ability to map the seabed as accurately as we can map dry land,” she says. Once bathymetric techniques have identified sites where people might have built their homes and villages, divers can be sent down to investigate further. Robot submarines (潜艇) can also be used, and researchers hope they will find stone tools and wood from houses as proof of human activity. The idea shared by many people in Britain of their country as a natural island kingdom will be challenged by the findings: Britain has been inhabited for about 500,000 years and much of this time it has been linked on and off to continental Europe. It remains to be seen how far this new awareness is taken on board, however. In fact, the use of bathymetry will not be limited to the study of lost landscapes and ancient settlements. It will also be vital in finding ships that have been destroyed in accidents. In addition, commercial applications are a real possibility. Aggregates (骨材) for the construction industry are becoming increasingly expensive, and bathymetry can be used to identify suitable sites for digging for this material. Mapping the seabed will also identify places where rare plants and shellfish are living. Digging at such sites should be prevented, either to work for a profit or to make deeper waterways for massive container ships. 18. How does bathymetry work? A. It has an echo sounder placed on the seabed. B. It makes use of a number of different devices. C. It produces two-dimensional images of the sea floor. D. It bases its calculations on the location of construction sites. 19. The author believes a better understanding of the settlements on the seabed may ______. A. attract investment in the research under the sea B. inspire people to take an interest in modern technology C. adapt the attitudes of the British to their country’s history D. receive confirmation of rebuilding ancient man-made objects 20. We can learn that the use of bathymetry will help to ______. A. identify new species of plants and animals B. provide the precise location of sunken ships C. evaluate the cost of seeking certain resources D. promote the development of deeper waterways D Humans have little difficulty recognizing one another. We may not recall a name, but we can usually remember if we’ve seen a face. And we know that no two faces are exactly alike. Even “identical” twins have slightly different faces. Each human face is truly unique, which makes seeing someone’s face a great way to confirm their identity. And now we’ve invented machines that are able to recognize faces, which they are doing daily for innumerable purposes at lightning speed. Governments, banks, employers, border security and police services are increasingly using facial recognition technology. This allows them to quickly confirm an individual’s identity. Systems are becoming so competent that a wanted criminal can instantly be picked out of a crowd of thousands of people. All that’s required is an image in a database to compare with the image of any number of people in a crowd. Ordinary people, too, are using facial recognition to unlock their phones, their computers and other devices. Such systems are generally quite secure. According to a cellphone company, for example, there is only one chance in a million that a face other than your own could unlock your phone which is produced by them. Personal facial recognition protection has several benefits. It is instantaneous, and it relieves us of the need to memorize passwords or PINs (Personal Identification Numbers). However, a device will require a password in the rare event it doesn’t, for whatever reason, recognize the user’s face. Technology often makes our lives easier in everyday ways. However, sometimes the same technology is used in ways that we might find disturbing. For some people, it is good, but for other people, it might bring bad and uncomfortable feelings. Is there a downside to the rapid spread of facial recognition technology? There are numerous concerns about the use of facial recognition. Primarily, the concern is that it may threaten privacy. The installation of more and more cameras in public and private places is now a part of everyday life. Those cameras are being linked with huge image databases. This means people can be observed and recognized wherever they go and do whatever they do. Cameras on every lamppost may make public spaces safer, but keeping citizens who obey the law under constant watch is disturbing to many. When a person wears a mask or a scarf, which covers his face, facial recognition systems are having some difficulty. A mask covers many of the facial data points used by recognition software to confirm a person’s identity. In response, facial recognition systems are being trained to use less facial data. That could affect how dependable it is as a method of identity detection and authentication. 21. What can we learn from this passage? A. People find it difficult to recognize one another. B. People can use technological equipment to recognize faces in our lives. C. People have already used facial recognition systems without facial data. D. People feel it necessary for governments to use facial recognition technology. 22. The example in the third paragraph is used to _________. A. prove the safety of the facial recognition systems B compare different ways to unlock phones and computers C. stress technology makes our lives easier in everyday ways D. introduce the development of facial recognition technology 23. Why are some people concerned about the use of facial recognition? A. They think that the image databases are not dependable. B. They dislike that their behaviors are watched and tracked. C. They believe it is against the law to use facial recognition in public. D. They are afraid that they may forget the passwords of their cell phones. 24. What’s the author’s attitude towards facial recognition systems? A. Positive. B. Indifferent. C. Objective. D. Negative. 第三节 阅读还原（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有2项为多余选项。 A healthy lifestyle is one that is full of healthy choices and behavior. It helps you keep physical and mental health and helps you live longer. Generally speaking, the factors that contribute to a healthy lifestyle may include physical activity, a healthy diet, low stress and healthy habits. _____25_____ ___26___It helps to reduce your risk of diseases, such as cancer, and diabetes, and helps you control your weight. In children, physical activity also builds confidence. As part of a healthy lifestyle, adults should take part in moderate(适度的)to intense aerobic exercises and muscle-strengthening activities regularly. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends at least 150 minutes of aerobic activity per week, such as walking, bicycling, playing tennis. swimming or aerobics. Eating a healthy diet can help you prevent disease and keep a healthy weight. This means eating a range of whole foods from the different food groups. Overall, a healthy diet is high in plant-based foods and low in sugary and high fat foods. Meat can be part of a healthy diet if it is eaten in moderation._____27_____ Although stress is a natural human reaction designed to keep you out of danger, there are negative health consequences to dealing with long term stress.___28___ In order to manage your stress, you need to learn what causes it and how you can deal with it. Ways to deal with unavoidable stress include exercise and talking to family or friends. A healthy lifestyle includes healthy habits. This means protecting your skin from the sun, getting regular health check-ups and avoiding substance abuse. Smoking and tobacco use are unhealthy because they increase your risk of diseases such as cancer and heart disease. ____29____. It can damage your liver, cause cancer and hurt loved ones. A. Your lifestyle should support a healthy weight, so remain active daily. B. These factors help reduce the risk of diseases and increase your quality of life. C. For a longer and better life, put together your plan for a healthy lifestyle. D. Eating a wide variety of healthy food will help cover your nutritional(营养的) needs. E. Physical activity is a key part of becoming and staying healthy. F. Drinking too much alcohol is also an unhealthy habit. G. Preventing and managing stress is important if you want to live a healthy lifestyle. 第二部分 非选择题 第一节 单句语法填空 阅读下列句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。（共5题，每小题1分，共5分） 30. The film's special effects are particularly ______________ (impress).（所给词的适当形式填空） 31. The plan is designed to ______ employees to work more efficiently. (motivated) (所给词的适当形式填空) 32. Using a seatbelt will reduce the ______ of serious injury in a car accident. (likely) (所给词的适当形式填空) 33. ________ by the noise in the night, the girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room. (frighten) (所给词的适当形式填空) 34. ______ carefully this time, he found something he hadn’t known before. (read) (所给词的适当形式填空) 第二节 选词填空 用方框中所给的词或者词组的适当形式填空。 rely compare to secure apply for determination 35. I would ______ the post if I were you. I think you stand a good chance. 36. Your attitude, not your aptitude, will ______ your altitude. 37. We all like friends who are ______ so that we can always count on them. 38. There are strict ______ checks on everyone entering the Opera House. 39. ______ just a few years ago, private companies are now generally much bigger and easier to do deals with. 第三节 阅读表达 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Skyscrapers (摩天大楼) are the ultimate symbol of urban life. By 2050, almost 80 percent of the earth’s population could live in cities. The human population could increase to 9.1 billion people yet the amount of land available for farming will be the same. How to meet the increasing food needs of our planet could be a big problem. Vertical farms, where urban farmers could grow crops in environmentally friendly skyscrapers, could be the solution. In spite of concerns over high costs, experts want to make these urban farms a reality and use these skyscrapers to grow crops. They believe that we can increase food production by changing our thinking from out to up. Vertical farms would have many advantages, experts say. The food would be grown with minimal effects on the environment. Unlike traditional farming, vertical farming would not force animals out of their habitats by taking over large areas of land, nor would it pollute the air with the use of heavy farming equipment. Those farms would also reduce the cost and negative effects of transporting food over long distances. These have been well recognized. Growing prosperity has led to many people demanding that all foods are available all year round. Indoor farming could produce crops constantly and crops would not suffer from weather-related problems like drought or flooding. In addition, the use of agricultural chemicals for controlling insects would be minimal. Experts agree that new farming practices are needed to support the planet’s need for more and more food at affordable costs, both to the farmer and to the consumer. Vertical farms may be a small-scale answer, but the best ideas could be yet to come. 40. According to this passage, what could be a big problem? _______________________________________________________________ 41. What would be the advantages of vertical farming? _______________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Vertical farms could meet people’s demand for available food all year round, because it could produce crops constantly and crops would not be affected by any problems. _______________________________________________________________ 43. In addition to vertical farms, what else do you think can help solve the food shortage? (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________ 第四节 书面表达（共1题，共20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你获悉首都博物馆正在招募于暑假期间做英文讲解的志愿者，向外国游客介绍中国文化。请你用英文给相关负责人写一封申请信，内容包括： 1. 介绍你的相关经验和优势；2. 希望能被录用； 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir/Madam ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 北京市第八中学京西校区2024-2025学年度第二学期期中练习题 高二英语 2025.4 考生须知 1.本试卷共10页，共七道大题，44个小题。满分100分。考试时间90分钟。 2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校和姓名，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡相应位置处。 3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。选择题、作图题用2B铅笔作答，其它试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 4.考试结束，将试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。 第一部分 选择题 第一节 完形填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。 Early in my teaching career, I heard countless make-believe stories for unfinished homework. Then I grew less trusting and quitted ___1___ any excuse. When the students at my new school didn’t finish homework, I never asked why. Instead, I just sighed loudly and recorded a zero in the grade book. I soon gained the ___2___ I thought I wanted. One day, Anthony approached me. “Could I talk to you?” he asked ___3___. “I know you said no excuse, but I don’t want you to think I’m ___4___ because I often come without my homework.” He then looked up at me for the first time. “It’s just that... my dad moved out, and my mom works at night, so I have to look after my little brothers. Often, they cry a lot, and it’s hard for me to ___5___...” I was about to ask why he didn’t tell me earlier when I suddenly realized why. So I changed the ___6___. “Would it help if you stayed after school and worked on it before you go home?” He nodded hard. Anthony became the first student in my after-school study session. Several days later, Terrell joined him, followed by Sandy and Randy. Before long, I had a room full of students. Their stories were not amusing, but all very ___7___: ·The power company ___8___ our lights because we couldn’t pay the bill. ·My dad says schoolwork is just a waste of time. ·We don’t have any paper in the house. I thus discovered not all kids come from families that are ___9___. Not all kids have a quiet bedroom with a desk and study light. Some don’t even have home. Most importantly, I learned that “I’ll listen” _____10_____ better than “No excuse!” 1. A. inventing B. finding C. accepting D. offering 2. A. reputation B. benefit C. experience D. praise 3. A. loudly B. shyly C. curiously D. eagerly 4. A. poor B. mean C. lazy D. weak 5. A. behave B. concentrate C. struggle D. compete 6. A. question B. tune C. process D. thought 7. A. complex B. moving C. cool D. real 8. A. broke down B. put out C. cut off D. shut out 9. A. disciplined B. peaceful C. traditional D. supportive 10. A. works B. feels C. understands D. controls 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. D 10. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者作为老师，对任何没有交作业的学生都不接受理由，但是安东尼改变了她，让她开始学会倾听学生，也意识到倾听比不让孩子找借口更有效。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我变得不那么信任了，不再接受任何借口。A. inventing发明；B. finding发现；C. accepting接受；D. offering提供。根据上文“I heard countless make-believe stories for unfinished homework.”推知，作者不再接受任何借口。故选C。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很快就获得了我认为我想要的声誉。A. reputation名声，名誉；B. benefit益处，好处；C. experience经历，经验；D. praise表扬。根据上文“Instead, I just sighed loudly and recorded a zero in the grade book.”推知，学生不完成作业的情况有所改善，作者得到了自己想要的“好老师”的声誉。故选A。 【3题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我能和你谈谈吗？”他害羞地问。A. loudly大声地；B. shyly害羞地；C. curiously好奇地；D. eagerly迫切地。根据下文“because I often come without my homework.”可知，男孩常常没有完成作业，因此和老师说话时应该是害羞的。故选B。 【4题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我知道你说没有借口，但我不想让你认为我很懒，因为我经常不带作业来。”A. poor贫穷的，可怜的；B. mean吝啬的；C. lazy懒惰的；D. weak虚弱的，差的。根据“because I often come without my homework.”推知，男孩不希望作者因为他常常不做作业就认为他懒惰。故选C。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只是……我爸爸搬出去了，我妈妈晚上工作，所以我必须照顾我的小弟弟。他们经常哭，我很难集中注意力……”A. behave举止；B. concentrate集中注意力；C. struggle挣扎；D. compete竞争。根据“Often, they cry a lot”可知，弟弟们的哭声让男孩很难集中注意力。故选B。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我改变了问题。A. question问题；B. tune调子；C. process进程，过程；D. thought想法。根据上文“I was about to ask why he didn’t tell me earlier when I suddenly realized why.”和下文“Would it help if you stayed after school and worked on it before you go home?”可知，作者改变了自己原本打算问男孩的问题。故选A。 【7题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们的故事不再令人发笑，所有的都非常真实。A. complex复杂的；B. moving令人感动的；C. cool酷的，凉爽的；D. real真的。呼应上文“I heard countless make-believe stories for unfinished homework”可知，现在孩子们没有完成作业的原因都是真实的。故选D。 【8题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为我们付不起账单，电力公司把我们的灯关掉了。A. broke down出故障；B. put out熄灭；C. cut off切断；D. shut out把……关在门外。根据“because we couldn’t pay the bill.”可知，因为付不起电费，所以电力公司切断电源，即关了灯。故选C。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，我发现并非所有的孩子都来自可以给与他们帮助的家庭。A. disciplined遵守纪律的；B. peaceful和平的；C. traditional传统的；D. supportive给与帮助的，支持的。根据下文“Not all kids have a quiet bedroom with a desk and study light. Some don’t even have home.”推知，并非所有的孩子都来自可以给他们的学习提供帮助的家庭。故选D。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我学会了“我会倾听”比“没有借口”更有效!A. works工作，起作用，凑效；B. feels感觉；C. understands理解；D. controls控制。根据上文讲述的故事可知，作者规定学生不能为没有完成作业找借口，后来通过倾听，孩子们告诉了作者真实的原因，而不再是乱编的谎话。由此可知，作者认为“我会倾听”比“没有接口”更有效。故选A。 第二节 阅读理解（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Technology is changing fast. Every year, there are some inventions that make our life so much easier, smarter. You’ll find the new technologies below are brilliant, and some of them are a little fun. A Scent-Based Alarm Clock $59 Who wants the noisy beeping of an alarm clock waking them up every morning and starting their day off on the wrong foot? We believe, nobody. This special alarm clock replaces that sharp sound with a calming melody-oh, and it can give off a pleasant smell. Think: freshly ground coffee, freshly mown grass, and the fresh scent of flowers. Voice-Activated Lights $70 About 50 percent of people in the United Kingdom admitted to keeping the lights on when they leave the house. The sad reality is that sometimes we forget to turn the lights off and other times, we’re just too lazy to walk over to the light switch. But there’s a simple solution: Voice-activated light switches. If you own a Google Assistant, then these automated lights will connect to your smart device so you can command them to dim, stay on for a specified period of time, or just turn off completely. A Mug with a Customizable Temperature $80 Drinking boiled hot coffee is no fun-it may burn your mouth. Luckily, one company has come up with a solution for liquids that are too hot for a long time. They designed a mug that allows you to choose your ideal liquid temperature, and their technology will maintain the temperature as you sip leisurely. The mug is so high-tech that you can even connect it to your phone and it will keep you updated on the status of the temperature. An Instant Voice Translator $85 Since many kinds of languages are spoken around the world, being bilingual is a valuable skill. Most of us don’t exactly have the time on our hands to learn that many languages, so the next-best thing is this device that will translate over 32 languages in real time. One person tested the device and stated that it is “simple and readily understood, with proper information on word synonyms.” 11. Which of the following can give off the pleasant smell? A. Voice-Activated Lights. B. A Scent-Based Alarm Clock. C. A Mug with a Customizable Temperature. D. An Instant Voice Translator. 12. From the passage, we know the Instant Voice Translator ______. A. can communicate with people B. can test a person’s language ability C. offers translation in many languages D. helps improve a person’s writing skills 13. We can probably read this passage from ______. A. a geography magazine B. a new technology website C. a biology textbook D. a health research report 【答案】11. B 12. C 13. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了几种新的科技产品，包括基于气味的闹钟、声控灯、可定制温度的马克杯和即时语音翻译器。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据A Scent-Based Alarm Clock $59部分“This special alarm clock replaces that sharp sound with a calming melody-oh, and it can give off a pleasant smell. Think: freshly ground coffee, freshly mown grass, and the fresh scent of flowers.(这种特殊的闹钟用舒缓的旋律代替了刺耳的声音，而且它能散发出宜人的气味。想想看：现磨的咖啡、刚割过的草和鲜花的清香。)”可知，基于气味的闹钟可以散发出宜人的气味。故选B。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据An Instant Voice Translator $85部分“Most of us don’t exactly have the time on our hands to learn that many languages, so the next-best thing is this device that will translate over 32 languages in real time.(我们大多数人都没有时间学习那么多语言，所以下一个最好的选择就是这款能实时翻译32种以上语言的设备。)”可知，即时语音翻译器提供多种语言的翻译。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Technology is changing fast. Every year, there are some inventions that make our life so much easier, smarter. You’ll find the new technologies below are brilliant, and some of them are a little fun.(技术变化很快。每年都有一些发明让我们的生活变得更加轻松、更加智能。你会发现下面的新技术都很棒，其中一些还很有趣。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一些新技术，所以这篇文章可能来自一个新技术网站。故选B。 B Huang Danian, the well-known Chinese geophysicist, was born in 1958 in Guangxi, China. As a keen and able student, Huang went to the UK in 1993 to further his studies. By the time Huang moved back to China in 2008, he had been living and working in the UK for 15years. He had a good job and a life there, but he gave it all up to return to China driven by the idea that he desired to contribute to his country. As one of the world’s leading experts in deep earth exploration technology, Huang was invited to participate in the “Thousand Talent” programme. He took up a position at Jilin University, Changchun. Huang was named lead scientist on China’s deep earth exploration programme, developing advanced cameras that can see through the Earth’s crust (外壳) so that it can be analysed without having to dig into it. He set up an advanced lab, sometimes paying for equipment with his own money. Some described him as a “lunatic” (a “madman”), but this passion and drive enabled Huang to push forwards China’s deep earth exploration technology into a world-leading position. Huang’s devotion contributed to China’s lunar probe (月球探测器) Yutu being landed on the moon in 2013 and the launch of the space crafts Shenzhou-11 and Tiangong-2 in 2016. Huang’s health also paid the price for his commitment. He began having fainting fits (昏厥) in 2012, but paid them little attention, stating he did not have time to go to see a doctor — his work always came first. In November 2016, Huang fainted and was taken to hospital, where he was diagnosed with cancer. The disease was so advanced that he had just a couple of months to live. Like the true scientist he was, Huang never gave up, but always tried to push forwards. Even from his hospital bed, he continued his work, writing letters of reference for his colleagues and replying to questions from his students. Huang, such a patriotic (爱国的) hero, died in January 2017, aged just 58. More than 800 people attended his funeral to celebrate a life that burned so bright, but was so short. 14. Huang returned to China in 2008 because ______. A. he desired to contribute to his country B. the “Thousand Talent” program attracted him C. Jilin University offered him a top position D. he wasn’t satisfied with the life in the UK 15. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. China’s nuclear development. B. Huang’s working attitude. C. Huang’s great contributions to China. D. China’s biological technology. 16. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. The working environment caused Huang’s disease. B. Huang continued his work despite his poor health. C. Huang was taken to hospital after he fainted in 2014 D. Much money was paid to treat Huang’s illness. 17. According to the passage, Which of the following can be used to describe Huang Danian? A. Patriotic and committed. B. Selfish and arrogant. C. Modest and courageous. D. Generous and honest. 【答案】14. A 15. C 16. B 17. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了中国著名地球物理学家黄大年的生平事迹，包括他的求学经历、回国贡献以及他在科研工作中的付出和成就。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“He had a good job and a life there, but he gave it all up to return to China driven by the idea that he desired to contribute to his country.(他在那里有一份好工作和生活，但他放弃了一切回到中国，因为他渴望为他的国家做出贡献。)”可知，黄大年2008年回到中国是因为他渴望为祖国做出贡献。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Huang was named lead scientist on China’s deep earth exploration programme, developing advanced cameras that can see through the Earth’s crust so that it can be analysed without having to dig into it.( 黄大年被任命为中国深地探测计划的首席科学家，开发先进的相机，可以穿透地壳，这样就可以在不挖掘地壳的情况下进行分析。)”以及“Huang’s devotion contributed to China’s lunar probe Yutu being landed on the moon in 2013 and the launch of the space crafts Shenzhou-11 and Tiangong-2 in 2016.(黄大年的奉献精神为中国月球探测器“玉兔”在2013年登陆月球以及2016年“神舟十一号”和“天宫二号”宇宙飞船的发射做出了贡献。)”可知，第三段主要讲述了黄大年对中国的巨大贡献。故选C。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“In November 2016, Huang fainted and was taken to hospital, where he was diagnosed with cancer.(2016年11月，黄大年晕倒，被送往医院，被诊断出患有癌症。)”以及最后一段“Even from his hospital bed, he continued his work, writing letters of reference for his colleagues and replying to questions from his students.(即使在病床上，他仍继续工作，为同事撰写推荐信，回答学生的问题。)”可知，尽管身体不好，黄大年还是继续工作。故选B。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“He had a good job and a life there, but he gave it all up to return to China driven by the idea that he desired to contribute to his country.(他在那里有一份好工作和生活，但他放弃了一切回到中国，因为他渴望为他的国家做出贡献。)”，第三段“Huang’s devotion contributed to China’s lunar probe Yutu being landed on the moon in 2013 and the launch of the space crafts Shenzhou-11 and Tiangong-2 in 2016.( 黄大年的奉献精神为中国月球探测器“玉兔”在2013年登陆月球以及2016年“神舟十一号”和“天宫二号”宇宙飞船的发射做出了贡献。)”以及最后一段“Huang, such a patriotic hero, died in January 2017, aged just 58.(黄大年，这样一位爱国英雄，于2017年1月去世，年仅58岁。)”可知，黄大年是爱国的和敬业的。故选A。 C The Land Under the Sea Ten thousand years ago, as the last ice age ended, sea levels around the world were far lower than they are today. Much of the land under both the North Sea to the east of Britain and the English Channel which now separates France and Britain was part of a huge region of forests and grassy plains. Then the climate gradually became warmer and the water trapped in large masses of ice was released. Now the development of advanced sonar (声纳) technology, known as bathymetry, is making it possible to study this flooded landscape in extraordinary detail. A special echo (回声) sounder is fixed to the bottom of a survey ship and it makes wide sweeps across the seabed. While previous technology has only been able to produce two-dimensional images, bathymetry can now use computers, satellite-positioning equipment and special software to create accurate and remarkably detailed maps. For the first time, an ancient riverbed jumps out of the three-dimensional image. The site of pre-historic settlements can now be pinpointed. According to expert Linda Andrews, this technological development is of huge significance. “We now have the ability to map the seabed as accurately as we can map dry land,” she says. Once bathymetric techniques have identified sites where people might have built their homes and villages, divers can be sent down to investigate further. Robot submarines (潜艇) can also be used, and researchers hope they will find stone tools and wood from houses as proof of human activity. The idea shared by many people in Britain of their country as a natural island kingdom will be challenged by the findings: Britain has been inhabited for about 500,000 years and much of this time it has been linked on and off to continental Europe. It remains to be seen how far this new awareness is taken on board, however. In fact, the use of bathymetry will not be limited to the study of lost landscapes and ancient settlements. It will also be vital in finding ships that have been destroyed in accidents. In addition, commercial applications are a real possibility. Aggregates (骨材) for the construction industry are becoming increasingly expensive, and bathymetry can be used to identify suitable sites for digging for this material. Mapping the seabed will also identify places where rare plants and shellfish are living. Digging at such sites should be prevented, either to work for a profit or to make deeper waterways for massive container ships. 18. How does bathymetry work? A. It has an echo sounder placed on the seabed. B. It makes use of a number of different devices. C. It produces two-dimensional images of the sea floor. D. It bases its calculations on the location of construction sites. 19. The author believes a better understanding of the settlements on the seabed may ______. A. attract investment in the research under the sea B. inspire people to take an interest in modern technology C. adapt the attitudes of the British to their country’s history D. receive confirmation of rebuilding ancient man-made objects 20. We can learn that the use of bathymetry will help to ______. A. identify new species of plants and animals B. provide the precise location of sunken ships C. evaluate the cost of seeking certain resources D. promote the development of deeper waterways 【答案】18. B 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了关于海底陆地测量的方法——深度测量法及实际运用。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“While previous technology has only been able to produce two-dimensional images, bathymetry can now use computers, satellite-positioning equipment and special software to create accurate and remarkably detailed maps. (虽然以前的技术只能产生二维图像，但测深学现在可以使用计算机、卫星定位设备和特殊软件来绘制精确而非常详细的地图。)”可知，水深测量技术使用许多不同的设备来工作。故选B。 【19题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The idea shared by many people in Britain of their country as a natural island kingdom will be challenged by the findings: Britain has been inhabited for about 500,000 years and much of this time it has been linked on and off to continental Europe. (许多英国人认为他们的国家是一个天然的岛屿王国，这一发现将挑战这一观点：英国已经有人居住了大约50万年，在这段时间里，它一直与欧洲大陆断断续续地联系在一起)”可推知，海底定居点的发现刷新了英国人对自己国家的认识。故选C。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“In fact, the use of bathymetry will not be limited to the study of lost landscapes and ancient settlements. It will also be vital in finding ships that have been destroyed in accidents. (事实上，测深法的应用将不仅仅局限于对失落的景观和古代定居点的研究。它对于寻找在事故中被毁的船只也至关重要。)”可知，使用测深法将有助于提供沉船的准确位置。故选B。 D Humans have little difficulty recognizing one another. We may not recall a name, but we can usually remember if we’ve seen a face. And we know that no two faces are exactly alike. Even “identical” twins have slightly different faces. Each human face is truly unique, which makes seeing someone’s face a great way to confirm their identity. And now we’ve invented machines that are able to recognize faces, which they are doing daily for innumerable purposes at lightning speed. Governments, banks, employers, border security and police services are increasingly using facial recognition technology. This allows them to quickly confirm an individual’s identity. Systems are becoming so competent that a wanted criminal can instantly be picked out of a crowd of thousands of people. All that’s required is an image in a database to compare with the image of any number of people in a crowd. Ordinary people, too, are using facial recognition to unlock their phones, their computers and other devices. Such systems are generally quite secure. According to a cellphone company, for example, there is only one chance in a million that a face other than your own could unlock your phone which is produced by them. Personal facial recognition protection has several benefits. It is instantaneous, and it relieves us of the need to memorize passwords or PINs (Personal Identification Numbers). However, a device will require a password in the rare event it doesn’t, for whatever reason, recognize the user’s face. Technology often makes our lives easier in everyday ways. However, sometimes the same technology is used in ways that we might find disturbing. For some people, it is good, but for other people, it might bring bad and uncomfortable feelings. Is there a downside to the rapid spread of facial recognition technology? There are numerous concerns about the use of facial recognition. Primarily, the concern is that it may threaten privacy. The installation of more and more cameras in public and private places is now a part of everyday life. Those cameras are being linked with huge image databases. This means people can be observed and recognized wherever they go and do whatever they do. Cameras on every lamppost may make public spaces safer, but keeping citizens who obey the law under constant watch is disturbing to many. When a person wears a mask or a scarf, which covers his face, facial recognition systems are having some difficulty. A mask covers many of the facial data points used by recognition software to confirm a person’s identity. In response, facial recognition systems are being trained to use less facial data. That could affect how dependable it is as a method of identity detection and authentication. 21. What can we learn from this passage? A. People find it difficult to recognize one another. B. People can use technological equipment to recognize faces in our lives. C. People have already used facial recognition systems without facial data. D. People feel it necessary for governments to use facial recognition technology. 22. The example in the third paragraph is used to _________. A. prove the safety of the facial recognition systems B. compare different ways to unlock phones and computers C. stress technology makes our lives easier in everyday ways D. introduce the development of facial recognition technology 23. Why are some people concerned about the use of facial recognition? A. They think that the image databases are not dependable. B. They dislike that their behaviors are watched and tracked. C. They believe it is against the law to use facial recognition in public. D. They are afraid that they may forget the passwords of their cell phones. 24. What’s the author’s attitude towards facial recognition systems? A. Positive. B. Indifferent. C. Objective. D. Negative. 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了面部识别技术的应用、优缺点及可提升的方向。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“And now we’ve invented machines that are able to recognize faces, which they are doing daily for innumerable purposes at lightning speed.(现在我们已经发明了能够识别人脸的机器，出于各种不同目的，它们每天都在以闪电般的速度识别人脸。)”可知，在我们的生活中，人们可以使用技术设备来识别人脸。故选B项。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Such systems are generally quite secure.(这样的系统通常是相当安全的。)”可知，人脸识别系统是相当安全的，由下文“According to a cellphone company, for example, there is only one chance in a million that a face other than your own could unlock your phone which is produced by them.(例如，根据一家手机公司的说法，只有百万分之一的机会，除了你自己的脸以外，其他人可以解锁他们生产的手机。)”可知，别人的脸只有百万分之一的几率能解锁你的手机，此处是举例说明人脸识别系统很安全。故选A项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段最后两句“This means people can be observed and recognized wherever they go and do whatever they do. Cameras on every lamppost may make public spaces safer, but keeping citizens who obey the law under constant watch is disturbing to many.(这意味着人们无论走到哪里，做什么都可以被观察和识别。每个路灯柱上的摄像头可能会使公共空间更安全，但让遵守法律的公民受到持续监视令许多人感到不安。)”可知，有些人担心人脸识别技术的使用，是因为他们不喜欢自己的行为被监视和跟踪。故选B项。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Personal facial recognition protection has several benefits.(个人面部识别保护有几个好处。)”及第五段中“However, sometimes the same technology is used in ways that we might find disturbing.(然而，有时同样的技术以让我们可能会感到不安的方式被应用。)”可知，面部识别技术的优缺点文章均有提及，所以作者对面部识别系统的态度是客观的。故选C项。 第三节 阅读还原（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有2项为多余选项。 A healthy lifestyle is one that is full of healthy choices and behavior. It helps you keep physical and mental health and helps you live longer. Generally speaking, the factors that contribute to a healthy lifestyle may include physical activity, a healthy diet, low stress and healthy habits. _____25_____ ___26___It helps to reduce your risk of diseases, such as cancer, and diabetes, and helps you control your weight. In children, physical activity also builds confidence. As part of a healthy lifestyle, adults should take part in moderate(适度的)to intense aerobic exercises and muscle-strengthening activities regularly. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends at least 150 minutes of aerobic activity per week, such as walking, bicycling, playing tennis. swimming or aerobics. Eating a healthy diet can help you prevent disease and keep a healthy weight. This means eating a range of whole foods from the different food groups. Overall, a healthy diet is high in plant-based foods and low in sugary and high fat foods. Meat can be part of a healthy diet if it is eaten in moderation._____27_____ Although stress is a natural human reaction designed to keep you out of danger, there are negative health consequences to dealing with long term stress.___28___ In order to manage your stress, you need to learn what causes it and how you can deal with it. Ways to deal with unavoidable stress include exercise and talking to family or friends. A healthy lifestyle includes healthy habits. This means protecting your skin from the sun, getting regular health check-ups and avoiding substance abuse. Smoking and tobacco use are unhealthy because they increase your risk of diseases such as cancer and heart disease. ____29____. It can damage your liver, cause cancer and hurt loved ones. A. Your lifestyle should support a healthy weight, so remain active daily. B. These factors help reduce the risk of diseases and increase your quality of life. C. For a longer and better life, put together your plan for a healthy lifestyle. D. Eating a wide variety of healthy food will help cover your nutritional(营养的) needs. E. Physical activity is a key part of becoming and staying healthy. F. Drinking too much alcohol is also an unhealthy habit. G Preventing and managing stress is important if you want to live a healthy lifestyle. 【答案】25. B 26. E 27. D 28. G 29. F 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。一个健康生活方式是一个充满健康的选择和行为。它帮助你保持身心健康，帮助你活得更久。一般来说，形成健康生活方式的因素包括体育活动、健康的饮食、低压力和健康的习惯。文章主要从这个五个因素展开，说明了每个因素对人健康的影响和好处。 【25题详解】 根据上文A healthy lifestyle is one that is full of healthy choices and behavior. It helps you keep physical and mental health and helps you live longer. Generally speaking, the factors that contribute to a healthy lifestyle may include physical activity, a healthy diet, low stress and healthy habits.可知一个健康的生活方式是一个充满健康的选择和行为。它帮助你保持身心健康，帮助你活得更久。一般来说，形成健康生活方式的因素包括体育活动、健康的饮食、低压力和健康的习惯。由此可知，上文提到了一些形成健康生活方式的因素，那么本句应当承接上文说明，这些因素给人带来的好处是有助于降低患病风险，提高生活质量。B选项中These factors指代上文中the factors。故B选项“这些因素有助于降低患病风险，提高生活质量”符合语境，故选B。 【26题详解】 本句为本段中心句，根据本段内容It helps to reduce your risk of diseases, such as cancer, and diabetes, and helps you control your weight. In children, physical activity also builds confidence. As part of a healthy lifestyle, adults should take part in moderate(适度的)to intense aerobic exercises and muscle-strengthening activities regularly. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends at least 150 minutes of aerobic activity per week, such as walking, bicycling, playing tennis. swimming or aerobics.可知它有助于降低你患癌症、糖尿病等疾病的风险，并帮助你控制体重。对孩子来说，体育活动也能建立信心。作为健康生活方式的一部分，成年人应该定期参加中等强度的有氧运动和增强肌肉的活动。美国疾病控制与预防中心建议每周至少进行150分钟的有氧运动，比如步行、骑自行车、打网球。游泳或有氧运动。由此可知，本段主要说明的是体育活动对保持健康的重要作用。故E选项“体育活动是变得健康和保持健康的关键部分”符合语境，故选E。 【27题详解】 根据上文Eating a healthy diet can help you prevent disease and keep a healthy weight. This means eating a range of whole foods from the different food groups. Overall, a healthy diet is high in plant-based foods and low in sugary and high fat foods. Meat can be part of a healthy diet if it is eaten in moderation.可知健康的饮食可以帮助你预防疾病，保持健康的体重。这意味着从不同的食物组中吃一系列的天然食物。总的来说，健康的饮食应该多吃植物性食物，少吃含糖和高脂肪的食物。适量食用肉类可以成为健康饮食的一部分。由此可知，本段说明的是饮食对健康的作用，吃各种各样的健康食物有助于满足你的营养需求。故D选项“吃各种各样的健康食物有助于满足你的营养需求”符合语境，故选D。 【28题详解】 根据上文Although stress is a natural human reaction designed to keep you out of danger, there are negative health consequences to dealing with long term stress.(虽然压力是一种自然的人类反应，旨在让你远离危险，但长期应对压力会对健康产生负面影响)以及后文In order to manage your stress, you need to learn what causes it and how you can deal with it. Ways to deal with unavoidable stress include exercise and talking to family or friends.(为了管理你的压力，你需要了解产生压力的原因以及如何处理它。处理不可避免的压力的方法包括锻炼和与家人或朋友交谈)由此可知，本段主要是关于压力对健康的影响，上文提到了压力的危害，那么本句起承上启下的作用，说明预防和管理压力是很重要的。故G选项“如果你想过健康的生活方式，预防和管理压力是很重要的”符合语境，故选G。 【29题详解】 根据上文A healthy lifestyle includes healthy habits. This means protecting your skin from the sun, getting regular health check-ups and avoiding substance abuse. Smoking and tobacco use are unhealthy because they increase your risk of diseases such as cancer and heart disease.可知健康的生活方式包括健康的习惯。这意味着保护你的皮肤不受日晒，定期做健康检查，避免药物滥用。吸烟和使用烟草是不健康的，因为它们会增加你患癌症和心脏病等疾病的风险。以及后文It can damage your liver, cause cancer and hurt loved ones.(它会损害你的肝脏，导致癌症，还会伤害你所爱的人)由此可知，上文主要列举了一些不健康的生活习惯，那么本句承接上文继续说明喝太多酒也是不健康的习惯，会损害肝脏。故F选项“喝太多酒也是一种不健康的习惯”符合语境，故选F。 第二部分 非选择题 第一节 单句语法填空 阅读下列句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。（共5题，每小题1分，共5分） 30. The film's special effects are particularly ______________ (impress).（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】impressive 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这部电影的特效尤其令人印象深刻。分析句子结构，are为系动词，后面需加形容词作表语。impressive意为“令人印象深刻的”，是形容词。故填impressive。 31. The plan is designed to ______ employees to work more efficiently. (motivated) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】motivate 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划旨在激励员工更高效地工作。be designed to do为固定搭配，意为“目的是”，空处需填动词原形，和to构成动词不定式。故填motivate。 32. Using a seatbelt will reduce the ______ of serious injury in a car accident. (likely) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】likelihood 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：系安全带会降低车祸中严重受伤的可能性。空处作宾语，需填名词likelihood，为不可数名词。故填likelihood。 33. ________ by the noise in the night, the girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room. (frighten) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Frightened 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这个女孩被夜里的噪音吓坏了，不敢在房间里睡觉。此空为非谓语动词作状语，frighten与逻辑主语the girl之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式frightened，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Frightened。 34. ______ carefully this time, he found something he hadn’t known before. (read) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Reading 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这次仔细阅读后，他发现了一些以前不知道的东西。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，he和read为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式作时间状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Reading。 第二节 选词填空 用方框中所给的词或者词组的适当形式填空。 rely compare to secure apply for determination 35. I would ______ the post if I were you. I think you stand a good chance. 36. Your attitude, not your aptitude, will ______ your altitude. 37. We all like friends who are ______ so that we can always count on them. 38. There are strict ______ checks on everyone entering the Opera House. 39. ______ just a few years ago, private companies are now generally much bigger and easier to do deals with. 【答案】35. apply for 36. determine 37. reliable 38. security 39. Compared to 【解析】 【35题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：如果我是你，我会申请这个职位。我认为你很有机会。根据后文“the post”及“I think you stand a good chance”可知，此处表示“申请”职位，符合语境，所以使用动词短语apply for，空格前有would，后接动词原形。故填apply for。 【36题详解】 考查动词。句意：你的态度，而不是你的才能，将决定你的高度。根据语境，此处需填动词“决定”，determine意为“决定”，空格前有情态动词will，后接动词原形。故填determine。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我们都喜欢可靠的朋友，这样我们就可以一直依赖他们。根据后文“so that we can always count on them”可知，此处表示朋友是“可靠的”，需填形容词作表语，reliable意为“可靠的”。故填reliable。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：进入歌剧院每个人都要接受严格的安全检查。根据语境，此处表示“安全检查”，需填名词修饰名词checks，security“安全”符合题意，security checks“安全检查”。故填security。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与几年前相比，现在的私人公司一般规模更大，更容易打交道。根据“private companies are now generally much bigger and easier to do deals with.”可知，此处把现在的情况和以前的情况进行对比，此处表示“与……相比”，compare to符合要求。句子主语private companies与compare to之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Compared to。 第三节 阅读表达 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Skyscrapers (摩天大楼) are the ultimate symbol of urban life. By 2050, almost 80 percent of the earth’s population could live in cities. The human population could increase to 9.1 billion people yet the amount of land available for farming will be the same. How to meet the increasing food needs of our planet could be a big problem. Vertical farms, where urban farmers could grow crops in environmentally friendly skyscrapers, could be the solution. In spite of concerns over high costs, experts want to make these urban farms a reality and use these skyscrapers to grow crops. They believe that we can increase food production by changing our thinking from out to up. Vertical farms would have many advantages, experts say. The food would be grown with minimal effects on the environment. Unlike traditional farming, vertical farming would not force animals out of their habitats by taking over large areas of land, nor would it pollute the air with the use of heavy farming equipment. Those farms would also reduce the cost and negative effects of transporting food over long distances. These have been well recognized. Growing prosperity has led to many people demanding that all foods are available all year round. Indoor farming could produce crops constantly and crops would not suffer from weather-related problems like drought or flooding. In addition, the use of agricultural chemicals for controlling insects would be minimal. Experts agree that new farming practices are needed to support the planet’s need for more and more food at affordable costs, both to the farmer and to the consumer. Vertical farms may be a small-scale answer, but the best ideas could be yet to come. 40. According to this passage, what could be a big problem? _______________________________________________________________ 41. What would be the advantages of vertical farming? _______________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Vertical farms could meet people’s demand for available food all year round, because it could produce crops constantly and crops would not be affected by any problems. _______________________________________________________________ 43. In addition to vertical farms, what else do you think can help solve the food shortage? (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. How to meet the increasing food needs of our planet. 41. Minimal environmental impact, no habitat disruption for animals, reduced air pollution, lower transportation costs and effects, constant crop production, and minimal use of agricultural chemicals. 42. The false part is “crops would not be affected by any problems”. Although indoor farming can provide constant production and avoid weather-related issues like drought or flooding, it does not mean crops are immune to all problems. Other factors such as disease, pests, or technical malfunctions could still affect crop growth, so this part of the statement is overly absolute and therefore false. 43. Other solutions to address food shortages could involve improving crop yields through advanced genetics and precision agriculture, promoting sustainable farming practices to preserve soil health, reducing food waste through better supply chain management, and increasing public awareness about balanced diets to reduce pressure on specific food groups. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了垂直农场作为应对未来食物需求增长和环境保护的新型农业模式，能够在城市中高效、环保地生产食物。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“How to meet the increasing food needs of our planet could be a big problem.(如何满足地球日益增长的粮食需求可能是一个大问题)”可知，随着地球人口增加至91亿且可耕种土地面积不变，如何满足日益增长的食物需求成为了一个重大问题。故答案为How to meet the increasing food needs of our planet。 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“The food would be grown with minimal effects on the environment. Unlike traditional farming, vertical farming would not force animals out of their habitats by taking over large areas of land, nor would it pollute the air with the use of heavy farming equipment. Those farms would also reduce the cost and negative effects of transporting food over long distances.(这种食物的种植对环境的影响微乎其微。与传统农业不同，垂直农业不会占领大片土地，迫使动物离开栖息地，也不会使用重型农业设备污染空气。这些农场还将减少长途运输粮食的成本和负面影响)”及第四段中“Indoor farming could produce crops constantly and crops would not suffer from weather-related problems like drought or flooding. In addition, the use of agricultural chemicals for controlling insects would be minimal.(室内农业可以持续生产作物，作物不会受到干旱或洪水等天气相关问题的影响。此外，用于控制昆虫的农用化学品的使用将是最低限度的)”可知，垂直农业的优点，包括对环境影响小、不破坏动物栖息地、减少空气污染、降低长途运输食物的成本和负面影响、能够持续生产作物以及减少农药使用。故答案为Minimal environmental impact, no habitat disruption for animals, reduced air pollution, lower transportation costs and effects, constant crop production, and minimal use of agricultural chemicals。 【42题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第四段中“Indoor farming could produce crops constantly and crops would not suffer from weather-related problems like drought or flooding. In addition, the use of agricultural chemicals for controlling insects would be minimal.(室内农业可以持续生产作物，作物不会受到干旱或洪水等天气相关问题的影响。此外，用于控制昆虫的农用化学品的使用将是最低限度的)”可知，室内农业能持续生产且不受天气影响，但并未说作物不会受到任何问题的影响，它们仍然可能受到疾病、害虫和操作问题等问题的影响。因此，所给句子“Vertical farms could meet people’s demand for available food all year round, because it could produce crops constantly and crops would not be affected by any problems.(垂直农场可以满足人们全年对可用粮食的需求，因为它可以持续生产作物，作物不会受到任何问题的影响)”中“crops would not be affected by any problems(作物不会受到任何问题的影响)”这一表述过于绝对，是错误的。故答案为The false part is “crops would not be affected by any problems”. Although indoor farming can provide constant production and avoid weather-related issues like drought or flooding, it does not mean crops are immune to all problems. Other factors such as disease, pests, or technical malfunctions could still affect crop growth, so this part of the statement is overly absolute and therefore false. 【43题详解】 开放性题目。此题要求提出除垂直农业外的其他解决食物短缺的方案，答案不唯一，合理即可。解决粮食短缺的其他解决方案可能包括通过先进的遗传学和精准农业提高作物产量，促进可持续农业实践以保护土壤健康，通过更好的供应链管理减少粮食浪费，提高公众对均衡饮食的认识以减轻特定粮食群体的压力。Other solutions to address food shortages could involve improving crop yields through advanced genetics and precision agriculture, promoting sustainable farming practices to preserve soil health, reducing food waste through better supply chain management, and increasing public awareness about balanced diets to reduce pressure on specific food groups. 第四节 书面表达（共1题，共20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你获悉首都博物馆正在招募于暑假期间做英文讲解的志愿者，向外国游客介绍中国文化。请你用英文给相关负责人写一封申请信，内容包括： 1. 介绍你的相关经验和优势；2. 希望能被录用； 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir/Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, Knowing English volunteer guides for the Forbidden City are wanted in the summer vacation I am writing to apply for this position. I am a Senior 3 student in Hongxing Middle School, and I believe I am qualified for the position. These years, I have been on several exchange programs in America, which makes me confident with my communication skills in English. Besides, as a fan of Chinese ancient history, I am sure my knowledge will prove helpful when introducing the Forbidden City to foreign guests. I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity. Thank you for your consideration. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇属于应用文，要求考生给首都博物馆写信申请成为该馆暑期英文讲解志愿者，介绍自己的优势和经验。 【详解】1.词汇积累 胜任的：qualified→competent 此外：besides→what’s more 确信：sure→certain 机会：opportunity→chance 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Knowing English volunteer guides for the Forbidden City are wanted in the summer vacation, I am writing to apply for this position. 拓展句：As I know English volunteer guides for the Forbidden City are wanted in the summer vacation, I am writing to apply for this position. 【点睛】【高分句型1】These years, I have been on several exchange programs in America, which makes me confident with my communication skills in English.（运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Besides, as a fan of Chinese ancient history, I am sure my knowledge will prove helpful when introducing the Forbidden City to foreign guests.（when引导的时间状语从句的省略） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$