选择性必修第三册 Unit 3 Environmental Protection(教用Word)-【金榜题名】2026年高考英语一轮总复习

Unit 3　Environmental Protection [词汇句型必背] Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意 1．graph n．图；图表；曲线图 2．emission n．排放物；散发物；排放 3．seal n．海豹 4．methane n．甲烷；沼气 5．dioxide n．二氧化物 6．carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 7．habitable adj.适合居住的 8．fossil n．化石 9．fossil fuel化石燃料(如煤或石油) 10．worldwide adv.遍及全球地 adj.世界各地的；影响全世界的 11．footprint n．足迹；(某物所占的)空间量；面积 12．basin n．流域；盆地；盆 13．penguin n．企鹅 14．implement vt.使生效；贯彻；执行 15．moderate adj.适度的；中等的；温和的 vi.& vt.缓和；使适中 16．tropical adj.热带的；来自热带的 17．nuclear adj.原子能的；核能的；原子核的 18．jungle n．(热带)丛林；密林 19．smog n．烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物) 20．originate vi.& vt.起源；发源；创立 21．volume n．量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷 22．enterprise n．公司；企业；事业 23．regulation n．章程；规章制度 24．disposal n．去掉；清除；处理 25．waterway n．水道；航道 26．agenda n．议程表；议事日程 Ⅱ.重点单词——记形 1．melt vi.& vt.(使)融化；熔化；软化 2．ecology n．生态；生态学 3．release vt.& n．排放；释放；发布 4．carbon n．碳 5．fuel n．燃料；刺激性言行 vt.加强；刺激 6．comprehensive adj.全部的；所有的；详尽的 7．trend n．趋势；趋向；动向 8．broadcast vt.& vi.(broadcast，broadcast)播送；广播；传播 n．广播节目；电视节目 9．policy n．政策；方针；原则 10．seize vt.抓住；夺取；控制 11．reform vt.& vi.改革；(使)改正；改造 n．改革；变革；改良 12．undergo vt.(underwent，undergone)经历；经受(变化、不快等) 13．annual adj.每年的；一年的 n．年刊；年鉴 14．chaos n．混乱；杂乱；紊乱 15．garbage n．垃圾；废物 16．restore vt.恢复；使复原；修复 17．dozen n．(一)打；十二个 18．fine vt.对……处以罚款 19．campaign n．运动；战役 vi.& vt.参加运动；领导运动 Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变 1．starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死→starvation n．饥饿；饿死 2．sustain vt.维持；遭受；承受住→sustainable adj.可持续的；合理利用的 3．frequently adv.频繁地；经常→frequent adj.频繁的→frequency n．频繁；频率 4．restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚→restriction n．限制规定；限制法规；约束→restrictive adj.限制性的；约束性的 5．harmonious adj.和谐的→harmony n．和谐→harmoniously adv.和谐地 6．submit vt.& vi.提交；呈递；屈服→submission n．提交(物)；呈递(书)；屈服 7．sensitive adj.敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的→sensible adj.明智的；合理的→sense n．意义；感官 vt.感觉到；察觉到 8．conservation n．(对环境、文物等)保护；保持→conservative adj.保守的；守旧的→conserve v．保护；保存；节省；节约 9．inspection n．检查；查看；视察→inspect vt.检查；视察；检阅→inspector n．检察员；督察员 10．tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许→tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的→tolerance n．容忍 1．clash /kl/ n．撞击声；冲突 vi.发出撞击声；冲突 2．alert /ə'lt/ vt.使警惕；使戒备 adj.警惕的；戒备的 3．furious /'fjəriəs/ adj.猛烈的；狂怒的 4．scatter /'sktə(r)/ vt.& vi.撒；散开 5．penetrate /'penətreIt/ vt.& vi.打入；进入；穿透 6．tragedy /'trdədi/ n．悲剧；不幸 7．utterly /'təli/ adv.彻底地；完全地 8．plead /plid/ vi.& vt.恳求；认(罪) 9．clutch /klt/ vi.& vt.猛地抓住；紧握 10．quiver /'kwIvə(r)/ n．箭筒；轻微的颤抖 vi.颤抖；哆嗦　 Ⅳ.背核心短语 1．on behalf of 代表(代替)某人 2．dozens of 许多；很多 3．have an impact on对……有影响 4．lead to导致 5．cause damage to对……造成损害 6．take measures采取措施 7．deal with处理 8．a number of许多 9．carry out履行；执行 10．in effect在实施中；实际上 Ⅴ.悟经典句式 1．There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer(see the graph).(There is little doubt that...毫无疑问……) 毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越温暖(如图)。 2．Experts claimed that low sea­ice levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before，so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food.(过去分词短语作后置定语) 专家声称，气候变化导致的海冰面降低意味着北极熊无法像以前那样捕食海豹，因此它不得不走更远的距离去寻找食物。 3．The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short­wave radiation.(that引导的同位语从句) “天然”温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量以短波辐射的形式进入大气层，使地表变暖。 4．Without this process，Earth could not sustain life.(含蓄虚拟条件句) 如果没有这个过程，地球就无法维系生命。 5．When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels，more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth's surface temperature to rise quickly.(when引导的时间状语从句) 当人类由于燃烧化石燃料产生了大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热能被困在大气层中，导致地表温度迅速上升。 [词汇句型默写] Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分) 1．moderate adj.适度的；中等的；温和的 vi.& vt.缓和；使适中 2．emission n．排放物；散发物；排放 3．disposal n．去掉；清除；处理 4．agenda n．议程表；议事日程 5．habitable adj.适合居住的 6．fossil n．化石 7．worldwide adv.遍及全球地 adj.世界各地的；影响全世界的 8．footprint n．足迹；(某物所占的)空间量；面积 9．tropical adj.热带的；来自热带的 10．originate vi.& vt.起源；发源；创立 Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．seize vt.抓住；夺取；控制 2．release vt.& n．排放；释放；发布 3．undergo vt.经历；经受(变化、不快等) 4．fuel n．燃料；刺激性言行 vt.加强；刺激 5．restore vt.恢复；使复原；修复 6．trend n．趋势；趋向；动向 7．broadcast vt.& vi.播送；广播；传播 n．广播节目；电视节目 8．campaign n．运动；战役 vi.& vt.参加运动；领导运动 9．annual adj.每年的；一年的 n．年刊；年鉴 10．reform vt.& vi.改革；(使)改正；改造 n．改革；变革；改良 Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分) 1．starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死→starvation n．饥饿；饿死 2．sustain vt.维持；遭受；承受住→sustainable adj.可持续的；合理利用的 3．restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚→restriction n．限制规定；限制法规；约束→restrictive adj.限制性的；约束性的 4．inspection n．检查；查看；视察→inspect vt.检查；视察；检阅→inspector n．检察员；督察员 5．conservation n．(对环境、文物等)保护；保持→conservative adj.保守的；守旧的→conserve v．保护；保存；节省；节约 Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分) 1．alert vt.使警惕；使戒备 adj.警惕的；戒备的 2．scatter vt.& vi.撒；散开 3．tragedy n．悲剧；不幸 4．utterly adv.彻底地；完全地 5．quiver n．箭筒；轻微的颤抖 vi.颤抖；哆嗦 Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1．on behalf of 代表(代替)某人 2．have an impact on对……有影响 3．cause damage to对……造成损害 4．in effect在实施中；实际上 5．a number of许多 [语境即时运用] Ⅰ．词形变化填空(每小题3分，共15分) 1．As a consequence of frequent smoking，the frequency of his asthma attacks is increasing，and he coughs frequently．(frequent) 2．If everyone can live in harmony with others，our society will become more harmonious．(harmony) 3．Our activities should be regulated by the regulation．And we should do things through regular channels.So those irregular activities must be corrected.(regulate) 4．Millions of animals in this area are facing starvation this winter.If they fail to find enough food，many will starve to death.(starve) 5．Tom was very sensitive about his weight.When he sensed that other students were laughing at him，he would fail to stay sensible and conflicts would break out.(sense) Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分) on behalf of; dozens of; along with; end up; in effect 1．Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires，Asia's biggest building，and fancy new hotels. 2．I will participate in the national dancing competition on behalf of my school. 3．By giving kids a lot of praise，parents think they're building their children's confidence，when，in effect，it may be just the opposite. 4．The musician along with his band members has given ten performances in the last three months. 5．“Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own，” says an expert. Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共20分) 1．毫无疑问，人类被火星吸引，梦想着把它作为我们的第二个家园。 There is no doubt that humankind is drawn towards Mars，with dreams of making it our second home. 2．大多数被邀请参加会议的人都是我的老朋友。(过去分词短语作后置定语) Most of the people invited to the conference were my old friends. 3．这使琼斯得出结论，在他的社区中有太多极其孤独的人，他们很容易成为行骗的目标。(that引导的同位语从句) This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely lonely people in his community，who are easy to be targets of cheating. 4．没有强大的团队精神，我们就不会高效地完成我们的任务。(without引导的含蓄虚拟条件句) Without a strong teamwork spirit，we wouldn't complete our tasks very efficiently. 5．当我发现自己迷路时，我的心吓得开始狂跳。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)(when引导的时间状语从句) When I found I lost my way，my heart started fluttering feverishly with fright. [语境词汇串记] With moderate greenhouse gases，such as methane and carbon dioxide 1.released(release) into the atmosphere，Earth can sustain life.But comprehensive evidence shows that more heat energy 2.than necessary exists because of burning an increasing volume of fossil fuels.Hence，the warming trend has affected Earth's ecology and 3.harmonious(harmony) development.News reports are 4.frequently(frequent) broadcast about polar bears，seals and penguins that are starved to death because of the melting ice.Tropical jungles 5.are destroyed(destroy)，making them less habitable for animals.6.What human beings can't tolerate is that garbage is thrown everywhere，such as waterways and basins.Faced with the severe situations，worldwide governments have reformed policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and restore the sensitive ecology.Dozens of enterprises 7.have submitted(submit) and implemented their conservation regulations，8.saying(say)，“We will immediately carry out the disposal of the waste we produce.” Individuals can also seize every chance 9.to reduce(reduce) the carbon footprint in the daily life.Although Earth has undergone some ecological chaos，people from all over the world confidently say that those measures can create 10.a sustainable world. 1．starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死(starvation n．饥饿；饿死) starve to death饿死 be starving for sth./to do sth. 渴望某事/做某事 同义短语：be thirsty/hungry/eager/desperate for sth./to do sth. (1)When the two men entered into the deserted island，they got lost and starved to death. (2)With the serious drought，these people living in Africa faced increased risk of starvation (starve) and disease. (3)我渴望学好英语，因为掌握英语意味着我们可以通过一个新窗口看世界。(话题写作之语言学习) I am starving to study English well，because mastering English means we can see the world through a new window. 2．seize vt.抓住；夺取；控制 seize sb. by the arm抓住某人的胳膊 表情感的名词＋seize sb.某人感到…… (1)警察看到一个小偷，冲向前，抓住了他的胳膊。(读后续写之动作链描写) The policeman spotted a thief，charged forward and seized him by the arm． (2)我强烈建议你抓住这个宝贵的机会提高你的英语口语。 I strongly recommend that you (should) seize the precious chance to improve your oral English． (3)我一看到父亲阴云密布的脸，就感到恐惧。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写) The moment I saw my father's cloudy face，panic seized me． 3．submit vt.& vi.提交；呈递；屈服[submission n．提交(物)；呈递(书)；屈服] submit sth. to sb. 将某物提交给某人 submit (oneself) to屈从于…… (1)The name，address，and telephone number of the cartoonist must be included in the submission(submit). (2)An essay not submitted(submit) in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late.(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷) (3)大卫擦掉眼泪，昂起头，坚定地说道：“我不会屈从于其他人的看法。”(2022·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写) David wiped his tears and held his head high，remarking determinedly，“I won't submit (myself) to others' thoughts．” (4)对这次夏令营感兴趣的人必须在5月15日前提交申请书和相关资料。(应用文写作之通知) Those who are interested in the summer camp must submit the applications and relevant materials by May 15. 4．tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许(tolerance n．宽恕；忍耐；容忍 tolerant adj.忍耐的；宽容的) ·tolerate (sb./sb.'s) doing sth. 忍受(某人)做某事 ·be tolerant of/towards sb./sth. 容忍/宽容某人/某事 (1)We can't tolerate people throwing(throw) garbage here and there，so we will launch a campaign to appeal to people to protect the environment. (2)If neighbors want to get along well with each other，they have to show their tolerance (tolerate). (3)那些懂得如何包容他人的人自然会过得幸福。 Those who know how to tolerate/be tolerant of/towards others can naturally lead a happy life. Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．release A．vt.排放　B．n.发布　C．vt.释放，放 D．vt.发行，上映 (1)The new film will be released on July 16 in the downtown cinema. D (2)The kind girl decides to release the bird from the cage. C (3)The new software is planned for release in April. B (4)The factory keeps releasing smoke，making the air dirty. A 2．moderate A．adj.适度的；中等的　B．adj.温和的 C．vi.&vt.缓和；使适中　D．v.调节 (1)He was an easy­going man of very moderate views. B (2)They are hoping that once in office he can be persuaded to moderate his views. C (3)Contrary to popular belief，moderate exercise actually decreases your appetite. A (4)We're increasingly aware of the fact that we can't control Earth systems with engineering alone，and realizing that we need to moderate our actions if we hope to live in balance.(2021·北京高考) D 3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 (1)Encourage readers to use the library.Share library announcements on your social media.Frequent them and talk about them when you can. (2020·全国Ⅱ卷)vt.常去，常到 (2)Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas，while reducing it in other spots，leading to changes in the ocean's appearance. (2019·北京高考)vt.刺激 (3)A comprehensive initiative was started, with a number of measures that addressed the issues.vt.处理 Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．With time going by，more and more countries have realized that sustainable(sustain) development is vital for human beings. 2．Traffic police temporarily lifted the speed restriction(restrict) on this section of the road during the Spring Festival. 3．Finally，I made up my mind to seize(seize) the opportunity to enhance my overall competence. 4．Ted discovered many long poems submitted(submit) for poetry competition were composed on computers. 5．Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation (regulate). (2020·江苏高考) 6．The dentist was sensitive to criticism，so she couldn't accept criticism from others. 7．Few countries would tolerate anybody carrying(carry) out illegal and criminal activities openly or secretly. 8．To enhance people's awareness of conservation(conserve) of cultural relics，a lecture will be given in the city hall this Friday afternoon. 9．As is known to us all，a harmonious (harmony)society means that human beings can live in harmony with each other. 10．Under this Act，all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually(annual) purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp.(2021·新课标Ⅰ卷) 应用文增分练——环境保护 假定你是李华，你校学生会即将举办一次以“Earth Guardian”为主题的环境保护运动，请你代表学生会写一封倡议信，倡导大家积极参与该活动，内容包括： 1．地球环境的现状； 2．该运动的目的和要求； 3．号召大家积极参加。 【完成句子】 1．毫无疑问，许多人类活动对我们的地球母亲造成了巨大的伤害。(There is little doubt that...) 2．在这里，我代表学生会提出建议，我们学生应该为环境保护做出一些贡献。(on behalf of；that引导的同位语从句；conservation) 3．为了建设一个更加和谐和可持续的社会，我们发起了一项名为“地球卫士”的运动，旨在采取有效和切实可行的措施来保护环境。(harmonious；sustainable；campaign；which引导的定语从句) 4．对该活动感兴趣的人必须在10月1日之前提交你的申请和相关材料。(submit；定语从句) 5．我真诚地希望你能抓住这个宝贵的机会，立即加入我们。(seize) 【组句成篇】 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。 【参考范文】 There is little doubt that a great many human activities have caused great damage to our earth mother.Here，on behalf of the students' council，I make a suggestion that we students should make some contributions to environmental conservation. It's (high) time that we took/should take various methods to protect the earth from pollution.To build a more harmonious and sustainable society，we have launched a campaign named “Earth Guardian”，which is aimed at taking effective and practical measures to protect the environment.Those who are interested in the campaign must submit your application and relevant materials before October 1st. I sincerely hope that you can seize the precious chance and join us immediately. 续写积累精练 教材语料整合 亮词 [环境描写]　melt；ecology；habitable；sustainable；footprint；basin；jungle；harmonious adj.→harmony n．；moderate；tropical；sensitive；waterway [动作描写]　starve；release；broadcast；restrict；reform；undergo；submit；restore v．→restoration n．；fine；tolerate v．→tolerant adj.→tolerance n． 续表 美句 1.There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.(环境描写) 2.A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate.(环境描写) 3.In 2013，a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway's Arctic island of Svalbard.(情感描写) 4.It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts，because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.(主旨升华) 5.The beautiful Li River and its amazing surrounding scenery is one of the most well­known tourist destinations in China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.(环境描写) 6.Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the river's original beauty.(情感描写) 拓展语料积累　【动作细节描写：“脚动”】 单词 tiptoe v．踮着脚走；蹑手蹑脚地走；barefoot adj.& adv.赤脚；dance v．雀跃；跳跃；spring v．跳；跃；creep v．悄悄地缓慢行进；chase v．追赶；flee (away) v．逃跑 词块 in bare feet 光脚；get/rise to one's feet 起立；struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来；jump to one's feet猛地站起、跳起来；spring to one's feet一跃而起；leap to one's feet 跳起来；plant one's feet to the ground 双脚钉在地上；raise oneself on tiptoe 踮起脚尖；stamp one's feet 跺脚 句型 1.Disappointed and frustrated，the poor man dragged his feet back home.这个可怜的人既失望又沮丧，慢腾腾地回家了。 2.He leapt/jumped/sprang to his feet/jumped up and rushed out of the living room.他一跃而起，冲出起居室。 3.She planted her feet firmly to the spot and refused to move.她牢牢地站在原地，一动也不动。 4.He was so worn out that he lifted his feet to leave as if they were 100 kilos.(比喻)他是如此疲惫以至于抬脚离开时好像双脚有千斤重。 5.The little man left the cottage with a sad，slow step.小个子男人迈着忧伤的步子慢慢走出了小屋。 6.She tapped/stamped her feet impatiently.她不耐烦地跺着脚。 7.She slipped out of bed and tiptoed to the window.她溜下床，踮起脚尖走向窗户。 8.He had twisted his ankle and was limping.他扭伤了脚踝，一瘸一拐地走着。 语料运用　【保护动物】 On an early spring morning ①when the snow hadn't melted completely(定语从句)，my brother and I were having a walk along the country track when a little cat ②lying on the dry straw(分词短语作后置定语) attracted our eyes.Out of curiosity，③we tiptoed to it slowly．We thought it would ④spring to its feet and flee away seeing us.But the cat just struggled to its feet，⑤releasing some weak and painful moans(分词短语作状语).Approaching closer，we found in surprise that the little cat ⑥got seriously injured in one of its legs and was badly in need of medical help.Not knowing what to do，⑦we planted our feet firmly to the spot for a moment and then decided that we should take it home；⑧otherwise it would die in the cold weather． 早春的一个早晨，雪还没有完全融化，我和哥哥正在乡间小路上散步，一只躺在干稻草上的小猫吸引了我们的目光。出于好奇，我们慢慢地踮着脚尖走向它。我们以为它看到我们会跳起来逃跑，但猫只是挣扎着站起来，发出一些虚弱而痛苦的呻吟。走近时，我们惊讶地发现，这只小猫的一条腿受了重伤，急需医疗救助。不知道该怎么办，我们牢牢地在原地站了一会儿，然后决定把它带回家，否则它会在寒冷的天气里死去。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$