选择性必修第二册 Unit 3 Food and Culture(教用Word)-【金榜题名】2026年高考英语一轮总复习

Unit 3　Food and Culture [词汇句型必背] Ⅰ．阅读单词——会意 1．cuisine n．菜肴；风味；烹饪 2．pepper n．甜椒；灯笼椒；胡椒粉 3．recipe n．烹饪法；食谱 4．chef n．厨师；主厨 5．peppercorn n．胡椒粒 6．vinegar n．醋 7．onion n．洋葱；葱头 8．lamb n．羊羔肉；羔羊 9．lamb kebab烤羊肉串 10．dim sum n．点心(中国食品) 11．vegetarian n．素食者 12．junk n．无用的东西 13．junk food(＝junk)垃圾食品 14．garlic n．蒜 15．bacon n．熏猪肉；咸肉 16．ham n．火腿 17．sausage n．香肠；腊肠 18．cabbage n．甘蓝；卷心菜；洋白菜 19．bean curd n．(＝tofu)豆腐 20．brand n．品牌 21．olive n．油橄榄；橄榄树 22．fig n．无花果 23．ingredient n．(尤指烹饪)材料；成分 24．dough n．生面团 25．haggis n．(苏格兰)羊杂碎肚 26．cafeteria n．自助餐厅；自助食堂 27．bun n．圆面包；小圆甜饼 28．chilli n．(NAmE＝chili)[pl.­es]辣椒 29．pork n．猪肉 30．red braised pork红烧肉 31．pearl n．珍珠 32．vitamin n．维生素 33．dairy adj.奶制的；乳品(业)的 n．乳制品；乳品店；牛奶厂 34．moderation n．适度；合理 35．chew vi.& vt.咀嚼；嚼碎 n．咀嚼 Ⅱ．重点单词——记形 1．bold adj.大胆自信的；敢于冒险的 2．stuff vt.填满；把……塞进 n．东西；物品 3．slice n．(切下的食物)薄片 vt.把……切成薄片 4．elegant adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的 5．exceptional adj.特别的；罕见的；杰出的 6．minimum adj.最低(限度)的；最小的 n．最小值；最少量 7．temper n．脾气；火气 8．dessert n．(饭后)甜点 9．canteen n．食堂；餐厅 10．somewhat adv.有点；稍微 11．madam n．夫人；女士 12．calorie n．卡路里(热量单位) 13．regardless adv.不顾；不加理会 14．category n．类别；种类 15．fibre(especially US fiber)n.纤维；纤维制品 16．quantity n．数量；数额 17．ideal adj.完美的；理想的；想象的 n．理想；完美的人(或事物) 18．fundamental adj.根本的；基础的；基本的 n．基本规律；根本法则 19．modest adj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的 20．overall adv.总体上；大致上 adj.全面的；综合的 Ⅲ．拓展单词——悉变 1．prior adj.先前的；优先的→priority n．优先事项；优先权 2．consist vi.由……组成(或构成)；在于→consistent adj.一致的；连续的 3．consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→consumer n．消费者；用户；客户→consumption n．消费；消耗(量) 4．stable adj.稳定的；稳重的→stability n．稳定(性)；稳固(性) 5．association n．协会；关联→associate vt.联想；联系 vi.交往 adj.副的；联合的→associated adj.有关联的；相关的 6．trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏 vt.欺骗→tricky adj.棘手的；难对付的 1．solidarity /slI'drəti/ n．团结；相互支持 2．be glued to全神贯注看着某物；像用胶固定 3．overlook /əvə'lk/ vt.忽略；未注意到；俯视 4．worship /'wIp/ vi.& vt.信奉(神)；崇拜；敬仰 5．evolve /i'vlv/ vi.& vt.逐步形成；进化 6．renowned /rI'nand/ adj.有声望的；著名的 7．solo /'sələ/ adj.独自的；单独的 8．merge /md/ vi.& vt.融合；合并 9．accumulate /ə'kjumjəleIt/ vt.& vi.积累；积聚 10．pave /peIv/ vt.铺路；(用砖石)铺(地) pave the way to为……铺平道路，创造条件　 Ⅳ．背核心短语 1．prior to在……之前的 2．consist of由……组成(或构成) 3．slice...off切下 4．regardless of不管；不顾 5．relate...to...把……与……联系起来 6．in many ways在许多方面 7．on the other hand另一方面 8．make up组成；构成；化妆 9．in other words换言之 10．be up to sb. 由某人决定 Ⅴ．悟经典句式 1．Prior to coming to China，my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America，with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes.(had been done) 来中国之前，我只在美国接触过中式烹饪，那里的中国食物已被改变，以适应美国人的口味。 2．On the other hand，it does tell us a lot about Americans.(强调谓语动词) 另一方面，它确实让我们对美国人有了很多的了解。 3．Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.(形容词短语作状语) 又累又饿，一个汉字也不认识，我们压根儿不知道如何点餐，于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。 4．Everywhere，the food was as varied as the people.(as...as...平级比较) 所到之处的美食与当地人一样精彩纷呈。 5．And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day.(倍数表达法) 在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍。 [词汇句型默写] Ⅰ．阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分) 1．cafeteria n．自助餐厅；自助食堂 2．pearl n．珍珠 3．recipe n．烹饪法；食谱 4．dairy adj.奶制的；乳品(业)的 n．乳制品；乳品店；牛奶厂 5．brand n．品牌 6．moderation n．适度；合理 7．chew vi.& vt.咀嚼；嚼碎 n．咀嚼 8．ingredient n．(尤指烹饪) 材料；成分 9．vitamin n．维生素 10．vegetarian n．素食者 Ⅱ．重点单词(每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．bold adj.大胆自信的；敢于冒险的 2．stuff vt.填满；把……塞进 n．东西；物品 3．elegant adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的 4．minimum adj.最低(限度)的；最小的 n．最小值；最少量 5．ideal adj.完美的；理想的；想象的 n．理想；完美的人(或事物) 6．modest adj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的 7．fundamental adj.根本的；基础的；基本的 n．基本规律；根本法则 8．category n．类别；种类 9．overall adv.总体上；大致上 adj.全面的；综合的 10．quantity n．数量；数额 Ⅲ．拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分) 1．prior adj.先前的；优先的→priority n．优先事项；优先权 2．consist vi.由……组成(或构成)；在于→consistent adj.一致的；连续的 3．trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏 vt.欺骗→tricky adj.棘手的；难对付的 4．consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→consumer n．消费者；用户；客户→consumption n．消费；消耗(量) 5．stable adj.稳定的；稳重的→stability n．稳定(性)；固定(性) Ⅳ．拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分) 1．evolve vi.& vt.逐步形成；进化 2．renowned adj.有声望的；著名的 3．overlook vt.忽略；未注意到；俯视 4．accumulate vt.& vi.积累；集聚 5．pave the way to为……铺平道路，创造条件 Ⅴ．核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1．prior to在……之前的 2．in many ways在许多方面 3．on the other hand另一方面 4．in other words换言之 5．be up to sb.由某人决定 [语境即时运用] Ⅰ．词形变化填空(每小题3分，共15分) 1．Success consists in the ability to make consistent efforts through failures.(consist) 2．In western countries，the number “thirteen” is usually associated with bad luck，but actually there isn't any association between them.(associate) 3．The air conditioners of this type consume too much electricity.Many consumers complain about this.(consume) 4．We had to think of a trick to deal with this tricky problem.(trick) 5．All the people in the country hope that the agreement can bring peace and stability，so they can live a stable life.(stable) Ⅱ．选词填空(每小题3分，共15分) quantities of; regardless of; prior to; be regarded as; play tricks on1.Constitution is prior to all other laws. 2．Regardless of whether he is right or wrong, we have to obey him. 3．The last supper is regarded as one of Leonardo da Vinci's masterpieces. 4．If you want to attend the course, you'd better prepare quantities of money. 5．Prior to coming to America, she worked at the People's Bank of China for two years. Ⅲ．经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共20分) 1．当他到家的时候，他发现他的家被人闯入了。(had been done) When he arrived at his house，he found that his house had been broken into． 2．我们确实希望今后有更多这样有意义的活动。(强调谓语动词) We do hope that there will be more such meaningful activities in the coming future. 3．经过大约两个小时，我们最终到达了山顶，又累又饿。(形容词短语作状语) After about two hours，we finally arrived at the top of the mountain，tired and hungry． Excited and overjoyed，the children got off the bus，rushed to the seaside and began playing happily. 4．她的心灵像雪一样纯洁，因此她受到同学们的欢迎。(as...as...) Her soul is as pure as snow，so she is popular with her classmates. 5．我花在学习上的时间是你的三倍。(倍数表达法) I spent three times as much time on my study as you did. [语境词汇串记] Foods are fundamental to our life.Among 1.various/varied(vary) recipes，Chinese exceptional cuisine 2.consisting(consist) of quantities of categories is popular all over the world.Regardless of what you like，you can always have something delicious 3.to consume(consume).If you are a vegetarian，you can choose 4.ingredients(ingredient) such as olive and garlic.You can also eat rice，bean curd，raw vegetables 5.served(serve) in vinegar and pancake rolls stuffed with sliced green onions，6.which contain abundant vitamins and fibre.If not，you can select dairy，lamb kebab，ham，sausage，red braised pork，and bacon，through which you can receive more calories.Prior to having the next meal，you can also enjoy elegant desserts like a bun.If you often include pepper，peppercorn or chili in your daily diets，you are likely to be somewhat bold or lose your temper 7.easily(easy).Overall，to keep fit，we should have a consistent good eating habit，eat a modest amount of food 8.and chew slowly each time.Although there is no trick to ideal healthy eating，moderation is the key.So if you always enjoy junk food，perhaps your health will break 9.down．Let's take action to live 10.a healthy life. 1．association n．协会；社团；关联；联想；交往(associate vt.联想；联系 vi.交往 adj.副的；联合的 associated adj.相关的；有关联的) ·in association with...与……合作；与……有关联 ·associate...with...把……和……联系在一起 associate with与……交往 ·be associated with与……有关 (1)The book on Chinese cuisine was published in association(associate) with a local company. (2)Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. (2020·全国Ⅱ卷) (3)只要你和思想积极的人交往，你一定会获得成功。 As long as you associate with positive­thinking people，it is certain that you are going to achieve success. 2．trick n．诀窍；计谋；诡计；把戏 vt.欺骗；欺诈(tricky adj.棘手的；难对付的) ·play a trick/tricks on sb. 捉弄某人 ·trick sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 (1)It's a very tricky (trick) problem，but I think there are a number of things you can do. (2)青少年被骗购买热量过高的垃圾食品是很常见的。 It is common that teenagers are tricked into buying junk food that contains too many calories. (3)那个顽皮的男孩捉弄那个害羞的女孩，女孩发脾气了，她气得两颊通红。(读后续写之愤怒心理描写) The naughty boy played a trick/tricks on the shy girl，who lost her temper，her cheeks flaming with anger. 3．consist of由……组成(或构成)(consistent adj.一致的；连续的 consistency n．一致性，连贯性) ·consist in在于；存在于 consist of＝be made up of由……组成 ·be consistent with与……一致 (1)Remember，even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent (consist) basis. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) (2)这部短片由两部分组成，介绍了我校的历史和现状。 →The short film，consisting of/made up of/composed of/comprised of two parts，introduces the history and present situation of our school.(分词短语作定语) →The short film，which consists of/is made up of/is composed of/is comprised of two parts，introduces the history and present situation of our school.(定语从句) 4．regardless of不顾；不管 ·regardless of the fact that...不顾……的事实 ·in spite of＝despite尽管(后常接名词，不接从句) ·with regard to关于；至于 (1)You will hurt others if you say what you think，regardless of other people's feelings. (2)I feel greatly honored to deliver a speech with regard to the tricks of improving oral English. (3)不顾他们缺乏烹饪经验的事实，双胞胎仍然满怀期待地为妈妈准备一顿特别的早餐。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写) Regardless of the fact that they lacked cooking experience，the twins still prepared an exceptional breakfast for their mother with great expectations. 5．形容词(短语)作状语　Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.又累又饿，一个汉字也不认识，我们压根儿不知道如何点餐，于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。 形容词tired，hungry和现在分词短语not knowing a word of Chinese在本句中作状语。 形容词(短语)作状语： ·说明谓语动词表示的动作发生时主语所处的状态。 ·表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。 (1)很高兴得知你对中国画感兴趣，我写信真诚地邀请你参观我们学校正在举行的展览。(应用文写作之邀请信) Glad/Delighted to know that you are interested in Chinese paintings，I am writing to sincerely invite you to visit the exhibition being hosted in our school. (2)又冷又饿，我在空荡荡的街道上漫无目的地徘徊，思考着我的未来。(读后续写之情感描写) Cold and hungry，I wandered aimlessly in the empty street，wondering about my future. (3)害怕找不到我们回农场的路，我坐在树旁，胳膊紧紧地抱着肩膀。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写) Afraid of not finding our way to the farm，I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly. 6．倍数表达法 　And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day.在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍。 倍数的表达方式： ·A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as B ·A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than B ·A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length/...)＋of B 正在修建的教学楼是那座教学楼的两倍高。 →The teaching building being built now is twice as high as that one. →The teaching building which is being built now is twice higher than that one. →The teaching building being built now is twice the height of that one. Ⅰ．一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．consume (1)These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被)，which reduced plant diversity in the park. (全国Ⅲ卷) B (2)The hotel was quickly consumed by fire. C (3)They consumed a bit more calories. (2020·江苏高考) A 2．stuff (1)I am having a tight schedule today because I have got a lot of stuff to do. B (2)You will find much to laugh at and much useful stuff as well.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) A (3)I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside，closing the door securely behind me.(2023·浙江1月卷) C 3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 (1)He had saved a modest amount of money，which made him very happy.不太多的；些许的 (2)We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai. (2020·全国Ⅲ卷)adj.特别的 (3)I think that is one of the major ingredients for his success.要素 (4)It was also a beautiful recipe for how to keep a marriage together.秘诀；诀窍 Ⅱ．核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．The government has given top priority (prior) to reforming the tax system. 2．Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent (consist) basis. (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷) 3．Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed (consume) in the US. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷) 4．We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional (exception) museum in Shanghai. (2020·全国Ⅲ卷) 5．A large quantity of ambitious students have(have) participated in extra­curricular activities since last semester. 6．No one can deny the fact that fresh air is fundamental to good health，so we must regularly go outdoors. 7．Overall，there are many serious health problems in association (associate) with smoking. 8．If you come to visit China, you will experience a culture of amazing depth and variety (vary). 9．So he bought ten fried rolls stuffed (stuff) with delicious meat. 10．Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum(minimize) delay.(2021·浙江1月卷) 应用文增分练——传统美食 假定你是李华，你将接受校英语报专栏A Bite of My Hometown的主持人Cindy的访问。请你写一篇有关中国传统食物的发言稿，内容包括： 1．介绍一种美食； 2．说明该美食背后的意义； 3．邀请来体验美食。 【完成句子】 1．饺子是中国北方的一种传统食物，与许多重要的场合有关。(in association with；定语从句) 2．尤其是在春节期间，全家人会其乐融融地聚在一起包饺子。(形容词短语作状语) 3．要做出好看又好吃的饺子，需要很多技巧。(trick) 4．包饺子主要包括三个步骤——准备生面团并将其制成薄片，用薄片包裹各种馅料并在沸水中煮熟。(consist of) 5．饺子真的是一种美味的食物，来中国时一定要亲自品尝。(强调谓语动词) 【组句成篇】 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。 【参考范文】 Thank you，Cindy，for giving me a precious opportunity to talk about one of the traditional food in China.Today，I'd like to introduce dumplings to you.Dumplings are a kind of traditional Chinese food in Northern China，which are in association with many significant occasions.Happy and delighted，the whole family will gather together to make dumplings，especially during the Spring Festival.Many tricks are needed to make good dumplings which look attractive and taste delicious.Making dumplings mainly consists of three procedures—preparing the dough and making it into slices，wrapping various stuffing with the slices and boiling them in boiled water. Dumplings are really a delicious food and do have a taste of them in person when visiting China. Thank you again! 续写积累精练 教材语料整合 亮词 [人物描写]　bold；elegant；exceptional；temper；ideal；modest；stable [动作描写]　stuff；slice...off；consume；trick；chew 美句 1.Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.(动作描写) 2.At a minimum，the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region，what kinds of lives they lead，and what they like and do not like.(排比) 3.What we can say，however，is that culture and cuisine go hand in hand.(拟人) 4.And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day.(比较) 拓展语料积累　【情感细节描写：愤怒(二)】 单词 shout v．喊叫；怒骂；scream v．尖叫；roar v．怒吼；stamp v．跺(脚)；storm v．怒吼；大发雷霆 词块 shout in anger/furiously怒吼；answer through clenched teeth 咬牙切齿地回答；shake one's fist at sb.挥拳(威胁)；slam/pound sth. with fists 用拳头猛捶；hands tremble with rage/anger手因愤怒而颤抖；slam the door furiously/angrily behind sb.愤然摔门而去；spring up in anger气得跳起来；stamp one's foot in anger气得跺脚 句型 1.Boiling with rage，he shook his fist at me fiercely.(现在分词短语作状语)他勃然大怒，猛烈地向我挥舞拳头。 2.Being scolded without reason，he stamped his foot in anger.因为被毫无缘由地责骂，他气得直跺脚。 3.She slapped her palm against the desk in fury.她愤怒地用手掌拍打桌子。 4.He was tongue－tied with anger，unable to utter a single word，his hands trembling.(形容词短语作状语、独立主格)他气得张口结舌，一句话也说不出来，双手直颤抖。 5.I sprang up in anger，turned around and stormed out of the room，slamming the door furiously behind me.(动作链描写)我愤怒地跳了起来，转过身，气呼呼地冲出房间，怒不可遏地砰地关上身后的门。 语料运用　【做饭被误解】 Early in the morning，he tiptoed into the kitchen with the intention of cooking a breakfast for his drunk father.①Not knowing the tricks of cooking(分词短语作状语)，he soon made the whole room in a mess.Just at that time，his father reeled in，②who angrily scolded him and ordered him to leave the kitchen immediately(定语从句).Modest and mild as the boy typically was，③he was to burst into anger and lose his temper with his father this time．④His hands trembling with rage(独立主格), he turned his head not to see his father.Again，his father ordered him to go out quickly.This time he couldn't ⑤contain his anger/rage and grievance any more.“I was preparing a breakfast for you！” he ⑥roared with anger，tears streaming down his cheeks.After that，he stormed out of the room，⑦slammed the door angrily behind him，rushed back to his bedroom，leaving his father in shock and guilty. 一大早，他踮着脚走进厨房，打算为他喝醉酒的父亲做一顿早餐。因为不知道做饭的窍门，他很快就把整个房间弄得一团糟。就在这时，他的父亲踉踉跄跄地走了进来，愤怒地责骂了他并要求他立刻离开厨房。尽管男孩平时很温顺、谦逊，但他这次差点陷入愤怒并对父亲发脾气。他的双手因愤怒而颤抖，他转过头不去看他的父亲。他父亲又命令他赶快出去。这一次他再也无法抑制自己的愤怒和委屈了。“我正在为你准备早餐！”他愤怒地咆哮出来，眼泪顺着他的脸颊流了下来。之后，他怒气冲冲地走出房间，怒不可遏地砰地关上身后的门，冲回自己的卧室，留下他的父亲在原地震惊、内疚。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$