内容正文:
弯道超车·新七年级
第5讲 你有尺子吗? - Have/Has & 一般疑问句
内容提要
思维导图
知识点讲解
针对性练习
一、知识点讲解
(一)Have/Has 的核心用法
1. 基本含义与句型结构
核心意义:表示 “拥有” 或 “具有” 某种事物、特征。
主谓一致规则:
I/You/We/They + have(第一、二人称及复数主语)
He/She/It + has(第三人称单数主语)
肯定句示例:
I have a notebook.(我有一个笔记本。)
She has long hair.(她有长头发。)
2. 否定句构成
结构:have/has + not(可缩写为 haven't/hasn't)
示例:
They haven't a computer.(他们没有电脑。)
He hasn't any friends.(他没有朋友。)
注意:在美式英语中,更常用 “don't/doesn't + have” 表示否定(见 Do/Does 用法)。
3. 传统疑问句结构(英式)
结构:Have/Has + 主语 + 宾语?
示例:
Have you a pen?(你有钢笔吗?)
Has he a car?(他有车吗?)
回答:
Yes, I have./No, I haven't.(英式回答)
(二)Do/Does 引导的一般疑问句
1. 适用场景
当谓语动词为实义动词(如 like, play, have 等)时,需借助助动词 Do/Does 构成疑问句。
2. 主谓一致规则
I/You/We/They + do(第一、二人称及复数主语)
He/She/It + does(第三人称单数主语)
关键规则:使用 does 时,谓语动词需还原为原形。
3. 句型转换示例
肯定句→疑问句:
原句:She plays football.
疑问:Does she play football?(√,plays 还原为 play)
错误:Does she plays football?(×)
回答结构:
Do you like coffee? → Yes, I do./No, I don't.
Does he study hard? → Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.
(三)Have/Has 与 Do/Does 的混合用法
1. 现代英语中 “Have” 的疑问式
美式及现代英式首选结构:Do/Does + 主语 + have + 宾语?
示例:
传统:Have you a ruler?(英式)
现代:Do you have a ruler?(美 / 英式通用)
传统:Has he a brother?
现代:Does he have a brother?
优势:与其他实义动词的疑问结构统一,更符合英语初学者习惯。
2. Have 作为实义动词的特殊情况
当 have 表示‘吃 / 患(病)/ 经历’时,仍用 Do/Does 提问:
Do you have breakfast at 7:00?(你 7 点吃早餐吗?)
Does she have a headache?(她头疼吗?)
(四)易混点对比与辨析
1. Have/Has vs Do/Does
对比维度
Have/Has(传统疑问)
Do/Does(现代疑问)
使用场景
英式英语,较正式
美式英语及日常口语
结构
Have/Has + 主语 + 宾语?
Do/Does + 主语 + have + 宾语?
例句
Have they a house?
Do they have a house?
2. Does 与动词原形的搭配
错误示例:Does he has a book?(×)
正确示例:Does he have a book?(√)
解析:助动词 does 已体现第三人称单数,动词必须用原形。
二、知识拓展与记忆技巧
(一)记忆口诀
Have/Has 用法:
“我你我们他们有,have 跟在后;
他她它有 has,单数三人称。”
Do/Does 疑问句:
“实义动词疑问难,do/does 来帮忙;
我你我们他们 do,他她它 does 上;
does 一来动词原,疑问句序要记详。”
(二)场景训练法
1. 校园场景
肯定句:I have a textbook.(我有一本教科书。)
疑问句:Do you have a pencil?(你有铅笔吗?)
回答:Yes, I do./No, I don't.
2. 家庭场景
肯定句:She has a new phone.(她有一部新手机。)
疑问句:Does your brother have a bike?(你哥哥有自行车吗?)
回答:Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.
3. 动物场景
肯定句:The dog has a short tail.(这条狗有一条短尾巴。)
疑问句:Do the cats have long tails?(这些猫有长尾巴吗?)
回答:Yes, they do./No, they don't.
(三)文化对比与实际应用
1. 英式 vs 美式表达差异
拥有表达:
英式:Have you a car?(较正式)
美式:Do you have a car?(更常用)
原因:美式英语更倾向于使用统一的助动词结构(do/does),而英式英语保留了传统的 have 前置结构。
2. 日常口语中的缩略形式
否定缩略:
haven't = have not
hasn't = has not
don't = do not
doesn't = does not
示例:
He hasn't a book. = He has not a book.
She doesn't have a pen. = She does not have a pen.
三、高阶应用与难点突破
(一)Have 的特殊含义与用法
1. have + 名词 = 动词短语
示例:
have a look(看一眼)= look
have a rest(休息)= rest
have a drink(喝东西)= drink
疑问句结构:
Do you have a look?(√)
Have you a look?(×,因 have 在此处为实义动词,非 “拥有”)
2. have to(不得不)的疑问与否定
结构:
疑问:Do/Does + 主语 + have to + 动词原形?
否定:don't/doesn't + have to + 动词原形
示例:
Do you have to go now?(你现在必须走吗?)
He doesn't have to study tonight.(他今晚不必学习。)
(二)复杂句型中的 Do/Does 应用
1. 含频率副词的疑问句
例句:She always plays tennis.
疑问:Does she always play tennis?(√,always 位置不变,plays 还原为 play)
错误:Does always she play tennis?(×,副词应位于主语后)
2. 特殊疑问句 + do/does
结构:特殊疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + 动词原形?
示例:
What do you have?(你有什么?)
Where does he live?(他住在哪里?)
四、学习误区与纠正
(一)常见错误类型及解析
1. 主谓一致错误
典型错误:He have a book.(×)
正确表达:He has a book.(√)
解析:第三人称单数主语(he/she/it)需搭配 has,have 仅用于 I/You/We/They 及复数主语。
2. Does 与动词原形搭配错误
典型错误:Does she has a pen?(×)
正确表达:Does she have a pen?(√)
解析:助动词 does 已体现第三人称单数,其后动词必须还原为原形(has→have)。
3. 传统疑问与现代疑问结构混用
典型错误:Has you a ruler?(×)
正确表达:Do you have a ruler?(√)
解析:现代英语中更常用 “Do/Does + have” 结构,传统 “Has/Have + 主语” 仅在英式正式语境中使用。
4. 否定句结构错误
典型错误:He don't have a car.(×)
正确表达:He doesn't have a car.(√)
解析:第三人称单数否定需用 doesn't,而非 don't,且 have 保持原形。
(二)易错场景训练
1. 第三人称单数陷阱
题目:用 have/has 填空:The cat _______ a long tail.
错误答案:have(×)
正确答案:has(√)
解析:the cat 为第三人称单数,用 has。
2. Does 提问后的动词还原
题目:句型转换:She has a bike. → _______ she _______ a bike?
错误答案:Does; has(×)
正确答案:Does; have(√)
解析:does 后动词必须为原形(has→have)。
3. 第一人称与第二人称的疑问句转换
题目:I have a pen. → 一般疑问句(现代式)
错误答案:Do I have a pen?(×)
正确答案:Do you have a pen?(√)
解析:第一人称 I 在疑问句中需变为 you。
(三)混淆点对比表格
错误类型
错误示例
正确示例
核心原因解析
主谓一致错误
He have a dog.
He has a dog.
第三人称单数未用 has
动词原形遗漏
Does she likes apples?
Does she like apples?
未牢记 “does + 动词原形” 规则
传统疑问误用
Have you a ruler?(口语)
Do you have a ruler?
现代英语更倾向 Do/Does 结构
否定式错误
They hasn't a house.
They haven't a house.
复数主语误用 hasn't
(一)Have/Has 填空练习(10 小题)
1. 题目:I _______ a dog. My brother _______ a cat.
2. 题目:They _______ a big house. She _______ any money.
3. 题目:We _______ a new teacher. He _______ a car.
4. 题目:You _______ a pen, but she _______ a pencil.
5. 题目:The students _______ textbooks. The teacher _______ a laptop.
6. 题目:I _______ a bike, but I _______ a scooter.( scooter:滑板车)
7. 题目:They _______ a garden, but it _______ many flowers.
8. 题目:My parents _______ a car, and my sister _______ a bike.
9. 题目:The dog _______ a short tail. The cats _______ long tails.
10. 题目:You _______ a map, and he _______ a compass.(compass:指南针)
(二)Do/Does 句型转换练习(10 小题)
1. 题目:You like music. → _______ you like music?
2. 题目:She speaks English. → _______ she speak English?
3. 题目:They go to school by bus. → _______ they go to school by bus?
4. 题目:He plays basketball. → _______ he play basketball?
5. 题目:I eat breakfast at 7:00. → _______ you eat breakfast at 7:00?
6. 题目:The cat sleeps on the chair. → _______ the cat sleep on the chair?
7. 题目:We study English every day. → _______ you study English every day?
8. 题目:Her brother works in a hospital. → _______ her brother work in a hospital?
9. 题目:The students do homework after school. → _______ the students do homework after school?
10. 题目:My sister likes reading. → _______ your sister like reading?
(三)Have 的 Do/Does 提问练习(10 小题)
1. 题目:You have a dictionary. → _______ you have a dictionary?
2. 题目:He has a red car. → _______ he have a red car?
3. 题目:They have a big house. → _______ they have a big house?
4. 题目:She has a new bike. → _______ she have a new bike?
5. 题目:I have a pet dog. → _______ you have a pet dog?
6. 题目:The boy has a football. → _______ the boy have a football?
7. 题目:We have a computer. → _______ you have a computer?
8. 题目:Her parents have a garden. → _______ her parents have a garden?
9. 题目:The school has a library. → _______ the school have a library?
10. 题目:My friend has a camera. → _______ your friend have a camera?
(四)综合句型转换练习(10 小题)
1. 题目:He has a pen.(变否定句)
_________________________________
2. 题目:They have books.(变一般疑问句)
_________________________________
3. 题目:She likes apples.(变一般疑问句,回答)
_________________________________
4. 题目:I have a ruler.(变一般疑问句)
_________________________________
5. 题目:They play football.(变否定句)
_________________________________
6. 题目:He has time.(变一般疑问句)
_________________________________
7. 题目:You have a bike.(变否定句)
_________________________________
8. 题目:She has a cat.(变否定句)
_________________________________
9. 题目:We like music.(变一般疑问句,回答)
_________________________________
10. 题目:The boy has a pen.(变否定句)
_________________________________
(五)句型转换(10 小题)
1. 题目:I have a ruler.(变一般疑问句)
_________________________________
2. 题目:He plays football.(变否定句)
_________________________________
3. 题目:They have books.(变一般疑问句)
_________________________________
4. 题目:She has a cat.(变否定句)
_________________________________
5. 题目:You like apples.(变一般疑问句,回答)
_________________________________
6. 题目:The boy has a pen.(变一般疑问句)
_________________________________
7. 题目:We have a computer.(变否定句)
_________________________________
8. 题目:She has time.(变一般疑问句)
_________________________________
9. 题目:They do homework.(变一般疑问句)
_________________________________
10. 题目:He has a brother.(变否定句,两种形式)
_________________________________
(六)汉译英专项(10 小题)
1. 题目:你有尺子吗?
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2. 题目:她有一辆新自行车。
_________________________________
3. 题目:他们没有钱。
_________________________________
4. 题目:他喜欢苹果吗?
_________________________________
5. 题目:我有一只狗。
_________________________________
6. 题目:你们有书吗?
_________________________________
7. 题目:她没有猫。
_________________________________
8. 题目:他有一个兄弟吗?
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9. 题目:我们不得不走了。
_________________________________
10. 题目:他们踢足球吗?
_________________________________
10 / 10
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$$弯道超车·新七年级
第5讲 你有尺子吗? - Have/Has & 一般疑问句
内容提要
思维导图
知识点讲解
针对性练习
一、知识点讲解
(一)Have/Has 的核心用法
1. 基本含义与句型结构
核心意义:表示 “拥有” 或 “具有” 某种事物、特征。
主谓一致规则:
I/You/We/They + have(第一、二人称及复数主语)
He/She/It + has(第三人称单数主语)
肯定句示例:
I have a notebook.(我有一个笔记本。)
She has long hair.(她有长头发。)
2. 否定句构成
结构:have/has + not(可缩写为 haven't/hasn't)
示例:
They haven't a computer.(他们没有电脑。)
He hasn't any friends.(他没有朋友。)
注意:在美式英语中,更常用 “don't/doesn't + have” 表示否定(见 Do/Does 用法)。
3. 传统疑问句结构(英式)
结构:Have/Has + 主语 + 宾语?
示例:
Have you a pen?(你有钢笔吗?)
Has he a car?(他有车吗?)
回答:
Yes, I have./No, I haven't.(英式回答)
(二)Do/Does 引导的一般疑问句
1. 适用场景
当谓语动词为实义动词(如 like, play, have 等)时,需借助助动词 Do/Does 构成疑问句。
2. 主谓一致规则
I/You/We/They + do(第一、二人称及复数主语)
He/She/It + does(第三人称单数主语)
关键规则:使用 does 时,谓语动词需还原为原形。
3. 句型转换示例
肯定句→疑问句:
原句:She plays football.
疑问:Does she play football?(√,plays 还原为 play)
错误:Does she plays football?(×)
回答结构:
Do you like coffee? → Yes, I do./No, I don't.
Does he study hard? → Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.
(三)Have/Has 与 Do/Does 的混合用法
1. 现代英语中 “Have” 的疑问式
美式及现代英式首选结构:Do/Does + 主语 + have + 宾语?
示例:
传统:Have you a ruler?(英式)
现代:Do you have a ruler?(美 / 英式通用)
传统:Has he a brother?
现代:Does he have a brother?
优势:与其他实义动词的疑问结构统一,更符合英语初学者习惯。
2. Have 作为实义动词的特殊情况
当 have 表示‘吃 / 患(病)/ 经历’时,仍用 Do/Does 提问:
Do you have breakfast at 7:00?(你 7 点吃早餐吗?)
Does she have a headache?(她头疼吗?)
(四)易混点对比与辨析
1. Have/Has vs Do/Does
对比维度
Have/Has(传统疑问)
Do/Does(现代疑问)
使用场景
英式英语,较正式
美式英语及日常口语
结构
Have/Has + 主语 + 宾语?
Do/Does + 主语 + have + 宾语?
例句
Have they a house?
Do they have a house?
2. Does 与动词原形的搭配
错误示例:Does he has a book?(×)
正确示例:Does he have a book?(√)
解析:助动词 does 已体现第三人称单数,动词必须用原形。
二、知识拓展与记忆技巧
(一)记忆口诀
Have/Has 用法:
“我你我们他们有,have 跟在后;
他她它有 has,单数三人称。”
Do/Does 疑问句:
“实义动词疑问难,do/does 来帮忙;
我你我们他们 do,他她它 does 上;
does 一来动词原,疑问句序要记详。”
(二)场景训练法
1. 校园场景
肯定句:I have a textbook.(我有一本教科书。)
疑问句:Do you have a pencil?(你有铅笔吗?)
回答:Yes, I do./No, I don't.
2. 家庭场景
肯定句:She has a new phone.(她有一部新手机。)
疑问句:Does your brother have a bike?(你哥哥有自行车吗?)
回答:Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.
3. 动物场景
肯定句:The dog has a short tail.(这条狗有一条短尾巴。)
疑问句:Do the cats have long tails?(这些猫有长尾巴吗?)
回答:Yes, they do./No, they don't.
(三)文化对比与实际应用
1. 英式 vs 美式表达差异
拥有表达:
英式:Have you a car?(较正式)
美式:Do you have a car?(更常用)
原因:美式英语更倾向于使用统一的助动词结构(do/does),而英式英语保留了传统的 have 前置结构。
2. 日常口语中的缩略形式
否定缩略:
haven't = have not
hasn't = has not
don't = do not
doesn't = does not
示例:
He hasn't a book. = He has not a book.
She doesn't have a pen. = She does not have a pen.
三、高阶应用与难点突破
(一)Have 的特殊含义与用法
1. have + 名词 = 动词短语
示例:
have a look(看一眼)= look
have a rest(休息)= rest
have a drink(喝东西)= drink
疑问句结构:
Do you have a look?(√)
Have you a look?(×,因 have 在此处为实义动词,非 “拥有”)
2. have to(不得不)的疑问与否定
结构:
疑问:Do/Does + 主语 + have to + 动词原形?
否定:don't/doesn't + have to + 动词原形
示例:
Do you have to go now?(你现在必须走吗?)
He doesn't have to study tonight.(他今晚不必学习。)
(二)复杂句型中的 Do/Does 应用
1. 含频率副词的疑问句
例句:She always plays tennis.
疑问:Does she always play tennis?(√,always 位置不变,plays 还原为 play)
错误:Does always she play tennis?(×,副词应位于主语后)
2. 特殊疑问句 + do/does
结构:特殊疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + 动词原形?
示例:
What do you have?(你有什么?)
Where does he live?(他住在哪里?)
四、学习误区与纠正
(一)常见错误类型及解析
1. 主谓一致错误
典型错误:He have a book.(×)
正确表达:He has a book.(√)
解析:第三人称单数主语(he/she/it)需搭配 has,have 仅用于 I/You/We/They 及复数主语。
2. Does 与动词原形搭配错误
典型错误:Does she has a pen?(×)
正确表达:Does she have a pen?(√)
解析:助动词 does 已体现第三人称单数,其后动词必须还原为原形(has→have)。
3. 传统疑问与现代疑问结构混用
典型错误:Has you a ruler?(×)
正确表达:Do you have a ruler?(√)
解析:现代英语中更常用 “Do/Does + have” 结构,传统 “Has/Have + 主语” 仅在英式正式语境中使用。
4. 否定句结构错误
典型错误:He don't have a car.(×)
正确表达:He doesn't have a car.(√)
解析:第三人称单数否定需用 doesn't,而非 don't,且 have 保持原形。
(二)易错场景训练
1. 第三人称单数陷阱
题目:用 have/has 填空:The cat _______ a long tail.
错误答案:have(×)
正确答案:has(√)
解析:the cat 为第三人称单数,用 has。
2. Does 提问后的动词还原
题目:句型转换:She has a bike. → _______ she _______ a bike?
错误答案:Does; has(×)
正确答案:Does; have(√)
解析:does 后动词必须为原形(has→have)。
3. 第一人称与第二人称的疑问句转换
题目:I have a pen. → 一般疑问句(现代式)
错误答案:Do I have a pen?(×)
正确答案:Do you have a pen?(√)
解析:第一人称 I 在疑问句中需变为 you。
(三)混淆点对比表格
错误类型
错误示例
正确示例
核心原因解析
主谓一致错误
He have a dog.
He has a dog.
第三人称单数未用 has
动词原形遗漏
Does she likes apples?
Does she like apples?
未牢记 “does + 动词原形” 规则
传统疑问误用
Have you a ruler?(口语)
Do you have a ruler?
现代英语更倾向 Do/Does 结构
否定式错误
They hasn't a house.
They haven't a house.
复数主语误用 hasn't
(一)Have/Has 填空练习(10 小题)
1. 题目:I _______ a dog. My brother _______ a cat.
答案:have; has
解析:I 为第一人称,用 have;my brother 为第三人称单数,用 has。
2. 题目:They _______ a big house. She _______ any money.
答案:have; hasn't
解析:they 为复数,用 have;she 为第三人称单数,否定用 hasn't。
3. 题目:We _______ a new teacher. He _______ a car.
答案:have; has
解析:we 为复数,用 have;he 为第三人称单数,用 has。
4. 题目:You _______ a pen, but she _______ a pencil.
答案:have; has
解析:you 为第二人称,用 have;she 为第三人称单数,用 has。
5. 题目:The students _______ textbooks. The teacher _______ a laptop.
答案:have; has
解析:students 为复数,用 have;teacher 为第三人称单数,用 has。
6. 题目:I _______ a bike, but I _______ a scooter.( scooter:滑板车)
答案:have; haven't
解析:第一空 I 用 have;第二空否定用 haven't。
7. 题目:They _______ a garden, but it _______ many flowers.
答案:have; hasn't
解析:they 用 have;it 为第三人称单数,否定用 hasn't。
8. 题目:My parents _______ a car, and my sister _______ a bike.
答案:have; has
解析:parents 为复数,用 have;sister 为第三人称单数,用 has。
9. 题目:The dog _______ a short tail. The cats _______ long tails.
答案:has; have
解析:dog 为第三人称单数,用 has;cats 为复数,用 have。
10. 题目:You _______ a map, and he _______ a compass.(compass:指南针)
答案:have; has
解析:you 用 have;he 为第三人称单数,用 has。
(二)Do/Does 句型转换练习(10 小题)
1. 题目:You like music. → _______ you like music?
答案:Do
解析:you 为第二人称,用助动词 Do 提问,动词 like 保持原形。
2. 题目:She speaks English. → _______ she speak English?
答案:Does
解析:she 为第三人称单数,用 Does 提问,speaks 还原为 speak。
3. 题目:They go to school by bus. → _______ they go to school by bus?
答案:Do
解析:they 为复数,用 Do 提问,go 保持原形。
4. 题目:He plays basketball. → _______ he play basketball?
答案:Does
解析:he 为第三人称单数,用 Does 提问,plays 还原为 play。
5. 题目:I eat breakfast at 7:00. → _______ you eat breakfast at 7:00?
答案:Do
解析:I 在疑问句中变为 you,用 Do 提问,eat 保持原形。
6. 题目:The cat sleeps on the chair. → _______ the cat sleep on the chair?
答案:Does
解析:the cat 为第三人称单数,用 Does 提问,sleeps 还原为 sleep。
7. 题目:We study English every day. → _______ you study English every day?
答案:Do
解析:we 在疑问句中变为 you,用 Do 提问,study 保持原形。
8. 题目:Her brother works in a hospital. → _______ her brother work in a hospital?
答案:Does
解析:her brother 为第三人称单数,用 Does 提问,works 还原为 work。
9. 题目:The students do homework after school. → _______ the students do homework after school?
答案:Do
解析:students 为复数,用 Do 提问,do 保持原形。
10. 题目:My sister likes reading. → _______ your sister like reading?
答案:Does
解析:my sister 为第三人称单数,用 Does 提问,likes 还原为 like。
(三)Have 的 Do/Does 提问练习(10 小题)
1. 题目:You have a dictionary. → _______ you have a dictionary?
答案:Do
解析:you 为第二人称,用 Do 提问,have 保持原形。
2. 题目:He has a red car. → _______ he have a red car?
答案:Does
解析:he 为第三人称单数,用 Does 提问,has 还原为 have。
3. 题目:They have a big house. → _______ they have a big house?
答案:Do
解析:they 为复数,用 Do 提问,have 保持原形。
4. 题目:She has a new bike. → _______ she have a new bike?
答案:Does
解析:she 为第三人称单数,用 Does 提问,has 还原为 have。
5. 题目:I have a pet dog. → _______ you have a pet dog?
答案:Do
解析:I 在疑问句中变为 you,用 Do 提问,have 保持原形。
6. 题目:The boy has a football. → _______ the boy have a football?
答案:Does
解析:the boy 为第三人称单数,用 Does 提问,has 还原为 have。
7. 题目:We have a computer. → _______ you have a computer?
答案:Do
解析:we 在疑问句中变为 you,用 Do 提问,have 保持原形。
8. 题目:Her parents have a garden. → _______ her parents have a garden?
答案:Do
解析:parents 为复数,用 Do 提问,have 保持原形。
9. 题目:The school has a library. → _______ the school have a library?
答案:Does
解析:the school 为第三人称单数,用 Does 提问,has 还原为 have。
10. 题目:My friend has a camera. → _______ your friend have a camera?
答案:Does
解析:my friend 为第三人称单数,用 Does 提问,has 还原为 have。
(四)综合句型转换练习(10 小题)
1. 题目:He has a pen.(变否定句)
_________________________________
答案:He hasn't a pen. 或 He doesn't have a pen.
解析:英式否定用 hasn't,美式 / 现代英式用 doesn't have。
2. 题目:They have books.(变一般疑问句)
_________________________________
答案:Have they books?
解析:英式传统结构,将 have 提至句首。
3. 题目:She likes apples.(变一般疑问句,回答)
_________________________________
答案:Does she like apples? Yes, she does./No, she doesn't.
解析:she 为第三人称单数,用 does 提问,likes 还原为 like。
4. 题目:I have a ruler.(变一般疑问句)
_________________________________
答案:Do you have a ruler?
解析:现代英语用 do 提问,I 变为 you,have 保持原形。
5. 题目:They play football.(变否定句)
_________________________________
答案:They don't play football.
解析:they 为复数,用 don't + 动词原形。
6. 题目:He has time.(变一般疑问句)
_________________________________
答案:Does he have time?
解析:he 为第三人称单数,用 does 提问,has 还原为 have。
7. 题目:You have a bike.(变否定句)
_________________________________
答案:You haven't a bike. 或 You don't have a bike.
解析:两种否定结构均正确,后者更常用。
8. 题目:She has a cat.(变否定句)
_________________________________
答案:She hasn't a cat. 或 She doesn't have a cat.
解析:第三人称单数否定,英式用 hasn't,美式用 doesn't have。
9. 题目:We like music.(变一般疑问句,回答)
_________________________________
答案:Do you like music? Yes, we do./No, we don't.
解析:we 在疑问句中变为 you,用 do 提问,like 保持原形。
10. 题目:The boy has a pen.(变否定句)
_________________________________
答案:The boy hasn't a pen. 或 The boy doesn't have a pen.
解析:两种否定形式均可,注意 has 还原为 have(当用 doesn't 时)。
(五)句型转换(10 小题)
1. 题目:I have a ruler.(变一般疑问句)
_________________________________
答案:Do you have a ruler?
解析:I 变 you,用 Do 提问,have 保持原形。
2. 题目:He plays football.(变否定句)
_________________________________
答案:He doesn't play football.
解析:he 为第三人称单数,用 doesn't + 动词原形。
3. 题目:They have books.(变一般疑问句)
_________________________________
答案:Have they books?
解析:英式传统结构,将 have 提至句首。
4. 题目:She has a cat.(变否定句)
_________________________________
答案:She doesn't have a cat.
解析:美式否定用 doesn't + have。
5. 题目:You like apples.(变一般疑问句,回答)
_________________________________
答案:Do you like apples? Yes, I do./No, I don't.
解析:you 用 Do 提问,回答用 do/don't。
6. 题目:The boy has a pen.(变一般疑问句)
_________________________________
答案:Does the boy have a pen?
解析:the boy 为第三人称单数,用 Does 提问,has 还原为 have。
7. 题目:We have a computer.(变否定句)
_________________________________
答案:We haven't a computer.
解析:英式否定直接用 haven't。
8. 题目:She has time.(变一般疑问句)
_________________________________
答案:Has she time?或 Does she have time?
解析:传统英式结构,将 has 提至句首。
9. 题目:They do homework.(变一般疑问句)
_________________________________
答案:Do they do homework?
解析:they 为复数,用 Do 提问,动词 do 保持原形。
10. 题目:He has a brother.(变否定句,两种形式)
_________________________________
答案:He hasn't a brother. / He doesn't have a brother.
解析:英式用 hasn't,美式 / 现代英式用 doesn't have。
(六)汉译英专项(10 小题)
1. 题目:你有尺子吗?
_________________________________
答案:Do you have a ruler?
解析:现代英语用 Do 提问,“有” 用 have。
2. 题目:她有一辆新自行车。
_________________________________
答案:She has a new bike.
解析:第三人称单数用 has。
3. 题目:他们没有钱。
_________________________________
答案:They haven't any money. / They don't have any money.
解析:两种否定结构均正确。
4. 题目:他喜欢苹果吗?
_________________________________
答案:Does he like apples?
解析:第三人称单数用 Does 提问,like 保持原形。
5. 题目:我有一只狗。
_________________________________
答案:I have a dog.
解析:第一人称用 have。
6. 题目:你们有书吗?
_________________________________
答案:Do you have books?
解析:第二人称复数用 Do 提问。
7. 题目:她没有猫。
_________________________________
答案:She hasn't a cat. / She doesn't have a cat.
解析:第三人称单数否定,英式和美式结构均可。
8. 题目:他有一个兄弟吗?
_________________________________
答案:Does he have a brother?
解析:现代英语用 Does 提问,have 保持原形。
9. 题目:我们不得不走了。
_________________________________
答案:We have to go.
解析:“不得不” 用 have to,we 为复数用 have。
10. 题目:他们踢足球吗?
_________________________________
答案:Do they play football?
解析:they 为复数,用 Do 提问,play 保持原形。
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