内容正文:
假期作业5 NATURALDISASTERS
No.1 基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.写作句型练
(五) 主系表结构
构 成 主语+系动词+表语
此类句型用于说明某物或某人或某事所
具有的特性或存在的状态,在写作中准确地介
绍话题所处的状况.
系动词的种类有:1.be动词;2.look,feel,
sound,seem,taste,smel 等;3.become,go,turn,
get,grow,fal 等;4.keep,remain,stay,lie,stand
等;5.prove,turnout等.
用作表语的有:名词、代词、形容词、数词、
副词、不定式、动名词、分词(短语)、介词短语、
从句.
1. Herjob主语(名词)
is
系动词
lookingafterthebaby.
表语(动名词短语)
2. It主语(代词)
is
系动词
nouse
表语(名词)
/ useless
表语(形容词)
doingitnow.
主语(动名词)
1.我是红星中学的李华.
2.这是你应该牢记在心的事.
3.他们是来自美国的外教.
4.他今天看起来很高兴.
5.事实是他从未出过国.
Ⅱ.单词分类记
一、写作单词
1. /̍reskjuː/n.&vt.营救;救援
2. /̍dæmIdʒ/vt.损害;破坏n.损
坏;损失
3. /dI̍strɒI/vt.摧毁;毁灭
4. /ə̍fekt/vt.影响;(疾病)侵
袭;深深打动
5. /̍ruːIn/n.&vt.破坏;毁坏
6. /sə̍plaI/n.补 给 品;供 应
(量);补给vt.供应;供给
7. /km/adj.镇静的;沉着的
vt.使平静;使镇静
8. /dI̍lIvə(r)/vt.&vi.递送;传
达;发表
9. /I̍fekt/n.影响;结果;效果
二、拓展单词
1. vi.生存;存活vt.幸存;艰难
度过→ n.幸存者;生还者→
survivaln.幸存
2. n.死;死亡→deadadj.无生
命的;死的
3. vi.&vt.统一;(使)成一体→
unitevi.&vt.团结
4. vt.遭受;蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛
苦、悲伤等)受苦→sufferingn.折磨;苦难
5. n.震惊vt.(使)震惊→
adj.震惊的→ adj.令
人震惊的
6. vt.&vi.呼吸→
n.呼吸
7. n.长度;长→
adj.长的
Ⅲ.短语双向记
1. 严重受损;破败不堪
2. 震惊;吃惊
3. 在手边
4. 像往常一样
5. 建立
6.intheopenair
7.sweepaway
8.thinkof
9.sufferfrom
10.lookup
Ⅳ.经典句式记
1.现在分词作状语
Miceranoutofthefields
,andfish
jumpedoutofthewater.
老鼠从田里跑出来寻找藏身之处,鱼从水里
跳了出来.
12
2.asif...好像
the
worldwerecomingtoanend!
仿佛到了世界末日!
3.主语+be+adj.+todo...
Water,foodandelectricity
.
水、食物和电是很难得到的.
4.bedoing...when...
I breakfastwith my
threechildren waterstartedfilG
ingmyhome.
我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早餐,这时我的
家里开始灌水.
Ⅴ.写作句型采撷———邮件
DearJack,
Weareverygratefulforyourconcerns
abouttheflood which hitourvilagelast
week.[写信目的]
Asisreported,
(我们的村庄遭受了严重的水灾)
withoutwarning,withmostofthefarmland
drownedandsomehousesmadeofearthfalG
en.Fortunately,nodeaths werereported.
Hardlyhaditoccurred
(政府立即采取行动)toreG
lievethedisaster.Besides,
(在志愿者的帮助下),therebuildingworkis
goingon wel orderly.[介 绍 救 灾 和 重 建
情况]
(我们非常有信心)
thateverythingwilreturntonormalsoonbeG
causewherethereisawil,thereishope.
Thankyouagainforyourconcerns.[表 示
感谢]
Yours,
LiHua
No.2 基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Natural (灾 害)haveobviously
contributedtothecontinentseconomiccriG
sis.
2.Ifthe (干旱)continues,thereis
goingtobeafamine.
3.72hoursisthecriticalrescuetimeafteran
earthquake (侵袭)aregion.
4.Theproblemsfacedbythepoorcountries
wouldbemoreseriousforlackofmedical
(补给品).
5.Thegovernmenthasdeclaredastateof
(紧急情况)aftertheearthG
quake.
6.TimespentinabookshopcanbemostenG
joyable.You mayeven haveenteredthe
shopjusttotake (遮蔽)froma
suddenshower.
7.Inthelongterm,UVradiationfromthesun
can (破 坏)theDNAin
cels,whichcanberepairedthough.
8.Weshouldmakeevery (努
力)toencourageteenagerstoprotectour
blueplanet.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Everydaywechowdownfoodsfromplants
thatcarry (dead)toxins.
2.Itwil beconsidereda miracle(奇 迹)if
someoneissavedafter (trap)
for72hours.
3.IbelieveChinese (wise)wil
playagreaterroleandhelpusachievethe
finalvictory.
4.Welookedateachotherinsilence,each
equaly (shock).
5.Theyoungman,whoalsoseemeddeeply
(bury)inthought,raisedhiseyes.
6.Jennydrewthecurtainsandthesunlight
floodedin.Shewas (flood)
withjoytowelcomeabrandGnewday.
7.Thechildwasrescued thefire,but
diedsoonfromterribleburns.
8.Aspirinisasimplebuthighly
(effect)treatment.
9.Morethanonethousandpeoplewerekiled
whena (power)earthquake
struckwesternIndonesiaattheendofSepG
tember.
10.Theairwassocoldthatwecouldhardly
(breath).
22
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空
asusual;gothrough;inruins;lessthan;inG
stead of;sufferfrom;sweep away;calm
down;makeeveryeffortto;getuponones
feet
1.Onlyifwe and
haveaclearmindwil webeabletomake
judgements.
2.Wecantdooutdoorexercises
,butwedontwanttolie
aroundeveryday.
3.Shehashad
fivehourssleepanightforover40daysas
shehasbeenbusyorganizingeffortstopreG
ventandcontrolthedisease.
4.Whenwearefacedwithaproblem,wed
bettertakeactions
justsittingaroundand waitingfor
somepeopletofixit.
5.ThehighGtechcompanywil
helpgovernmentsovercome
difficultiesduringthespecialperiod.
6.Justinclenched(咬紧)histeeth,
andranasfastashecould.
7.Theynotonly
the virus,but also faced discrimination
(歧视).
8.Herhabitation ,andherselfand
childleftshelterless.
9.Inever afinalexamthatwasas
difficultasthatone.
10.Asubmarine(潜水艇)named “Nautilus
(鹦 鹉 螺 号)”isdivingdeepertofindan
ancientcity .
Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子
1.他整夜躺在床上睡不着,思考着那个问题.
(现在分词作状语)
Alnightlonghelayawake,
.
2.他说这个问题不难解决.(主语+be+adj.
+todo...)
Hesaidthattheproblem .
3.快点! 看起来火车要开了.(asif)
Hurryup! the
trainisgoingtomove.
4.我正在看电视,这时有朋友打电话找我.
(bedoing...when...)
afriendrang
meup.
5.小女孩害怕看到这个可怕的场景,她双手掩
面.(bury)
,thelittlegirl
wasafraidtoseetheterriblescene.
Ⅴ.基础语法练[限制性定语从句(Ⅰ)]
补全句子
1.Doyouknowtheman
(和校长说话的那个人)justnow?
2.Thegirl (头发是棕色
的)isfromAmerica.
3.Theearthquake (1976
年发 生 在 唐 山 的)shockedthepeopleal
overtheworld.
4.Ireceivedaninvitationfordinner
(这对新婚夫妇送的).
5.Ihaveseenthefilm (他
们在谈论的).
No.3 素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Establishedearthquakewarningsystems
provideatbestjustaminuteortwoofnotice,
leavinglittletimeforpreparedness.Decades
ofsearchingforabetterwarningsign-chanG
gesinthegeochemistryofgroundwater,elecG
tromagneticeffectsintheupperatmosphere,
andevenchangesinanimalbehavior-have
failed.ManyquestionwhethersuchaprecurG
sor(先 兆)evenexists.Thissituation may
changesoon,asrecentresearchisprovidinga
glimmerofhopeforimprovedearthquakepreG
diction.
Researchers Quentin BleteryandJeanG
MathieuNocquetfromCotedAzurUniversiG
tyinFrancecolecteddatafromover90earthG
quakeswithmagnitudeslargerthan7thathad
32
occurredinthepasttwodecades.TheyfoG
cused on GPS station records nearthese
quakes,whichaccuratelycapturedlandmoveG
mentevery5 minuteswithmilimeterpreciG
sion.Theyanalyzedmorethan3,000timeseG
riesofmotioninthe48hoursleadingupto
themainruptures(断裂).
Theynoticedthat,inthefirst46hours,
therecordsshowednosignificantfeatures.
However,duringthe2hoursbeforetheearthG
quake,theynoticedsignsofincreasingmoveG
mentalongthefaultzones(断层带).EssenG
tialy,theresaslipbetweenplatescausingthe
landabovethemto moveina measurable,
horizontaldirection.
Couldthisbejustacoincidence? The
probabilityofthisincreasehappeningjustbeG
forethequakeandbeingunrelatedisextremeG
lylow,andtheresearchersconfirmedthisby
analyzing100,000randomtimewindowsin
nonGearthquakeGGPS data.The pattern ocG
curredonly003% ofthetimeinnonearthG
quakedata.
Whilethisprecursorsignalwontbeused
forwarningsanytimesoon,officialsfromthe
UnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey(USGS)adG
mitthatthisnewstudyprovidesvaluableinG
sightsintohowtoimprovetheirwarningsysG
temsGPSdatacangreasethewheelsofearly
earthquakewarnings.
The researchers admittheyre stil a
numberofstepsawayfromputtingthispreG
cursorsignalintouse,particularlysincedetecG
tingsubtlesignalsatindividualfaultsrequires
more-GPSstations.Butthebiggestproblem
isthatmanyoftheworldsearthquakeregions
havenoinstrumentation.“Wecantrealizethe
detectionatthescaleofoneearthquake,sowe
cannotmakepredictions,”Bleterysaid.
1.Whatremainsatoughproblemforscientists?
A.DeterminingthemagnitudeofanearthG
quake.
B.Findingawaytodetectearthquakesin
earlystages.
C.Measuringatmosphericchangesduring
earthquakes.
D.Identifyinganimalspossibleresponses
toearthquakes.
2.Whatdidtheresearchersfindthroughtheir
dataanalysis?
A.Thechanceofmainrupturesoccurring
infaultzones.
B.TheaccuracyofGPSinrecordingland
movement.
C.TheexistenceofatwoGhourprecursory
phase.
D.Thehorizontalslip withinthefirst46
hours.
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“greasethe
wheelsof”inParagraph5mean?
A.Distinguish. B.Contradict.
C.Overmatch. D.Facilitate.
4.Whatholdsbackthepracticalapplicationof
thenewfindings?
A.Theinaccessibilityofprecursorsignals.
B.ThecomplexityofupdatingGPSequipG
ment.
C.Thechalengeofidentifyingearthquake
regions.
D.TheinconsistentslippatternsofdifferG
entearthquakes.
B
When HurricaneIanhitFlorida,Karen
Lauderrefusedtoleaveherhomebecauseshe
waswrongabouttheintensity(强度)ofthe
storm.Karenis84yearsoldanddependsona
wheelchairtogetaroundbecausesheismissG
ingaleg.Herson,JohnnyLauder,triedreG
peatedlytogethertoleave,butsherefused.
Johnnyandhiswholefamilylivewithina
fewblocksofoneanother.Theykeptintouch
withKarenasthestormcontinuedviolently
(猛烈地)outside,watchingthewaterrising
dangerouslyalaroundthem.WhenKarenreG
ported thatthe waterin her house had
reachedherbottom,Johnnyknewhehadto
takeaction.
42
First,Johnnyensuredhissonsandtheir
petsweretakencareof.Then,hejumpedout
ofawindowandbegantoswim.Johnnyused
toworkasarescueswimmer.Heisobviously
astrongswimmer,buttheflood waterwas
filedwithdangerousmaterials.TherewasalG
soastrongcurrent(水流),andhehadtoswimaG
gainstitformostofhistriptoKarens.Ashe
madehiswaythroughthewater,Johnnystopped
periodicalytosnapselfies(自拍)toshowhisworG
riedfamilythathewasokay.
Johnnywasracingagainsttheclock.He
knewheonlyhadashortperiodoftimetoget
therebeforethe waterroseabove Karens
head.Ittookhim 40 minutestoswimfour
blocks.ThesoundofKarenshoutinginside
wasmusictohisears!
“Ifitwouldvebeen20minuteslater,she
wouldntbehere,”Johnnysaid.“Shesnever
beenhappiertoseeme.”
Karenisnowsafe,althoughsheisinthe
hospitalbeingtreatedforinfections(感 染)
shegotinthewater.Thefamilyhaveallost
everythingtheyowned,includingtheirhouG
ses,buttheyregratefuljusttobehere.
5.WhydidKarendecidetostayinherhouse
whenHurricaneIancame?
A.Shehadnowheretogo.
B.Shewastoooldtomove.
C.Shethoughtthestormwasnotviolent.
D.Shelostherwheelchairandwasunable
toleave.
6.WhydidJohnnytakeselfiesalongtheway
toKarenshome?
A.Torecordhisswimmingtrip.
B.Toshowoffhisswimmingskils.
C.Towarnotherrescuersofdanger.
D.Toreporthissafetytohisfamily.
7.HowdidJohnnysfamilykeepintouchin
thestorm?
A.Byshouting.
B.Overthephone.
C.ThrougheGmail.
D.Withothershelp.
8.HowdidJohnnyfeelwhenheheardKaren
shouting?
A.Curious. B.Frightened.
C.Confused. D.Relieved.
Ⅱ.语法填空
MarioLoutefhadlittlesleepoverthe
fourdaysleadinguptoSaturday,whenhe
piledhis1. (ruin)belongingsinthe
streetoutsidehishomeinPrinceton,B.C.A
largepartofhiscommunity2. (deG
stroy)whentheTulameenRiveroverflowed
(漫过)itsbanks,3. (flood)homes
andforcingpeopletoevacuate.ThecommuniG
tystilremainsonanevacuationalert(戒备状
态)butfor many,likeLoutef,thedamage
couldntgetany4. (bad).
Athickcoatofblackearthhascovered
everythingonthe5. (one)floorof
Loutefshome.Hehasbeenworkingaround
6. clocksincehewasalowedaccess.
Boardshavebeentornof wals,on7.
adirtylineabout2metersupshowshowhigh
thewaterrose.
Loutefs8. (lose)wasgreat.“I
almostlosteverything.Idontknowwhereto
start.Idontknowwhereitsgoingtoend,”
saidLoutef,whohaslivedinthehomeforthe
pastfouryears.
LoutefisworkingalonebutLisaBrosG
seauhasgotsomehelp.Many9.
(resident)ofPrincetonaregoingfromhouse
tohouseofferingahandtothose10.
areinneed.
52
二、1.fitness fit 2.determination determine
3.strength strengthen strong 4.injure injured injuG
ry 5.compete competition competitor
Ⅲ.1.comealong 2.workout 3.makeit 4.falapart
5.loseheart 6.makesense 7.loseweight 8.而不是
9.停止做(或使用、食用);剪下 10.有时;偶尔
11.与比较 12.树立榜样
Ⅳ.1.hasbeenhelping 2.eventhough/if 3.ratherthan
are 4.madehimunique
Ⅴ.Chinesetransporthasseenanenormousdevelopment
givingtheChinesepeopleaccessto offeringanaffordable
andgreenalternative fasterandmorecomfortable conG
veniencewithenvironmental
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.failures 2.badminton 3.captain 4.mastered
5.medals 6.athlete 7.honour 8.determination
9.injured 10.strength
Ⅱ.1.reading 2.towin 3.up 4.harder 5.tobesleepG
ing 6.out 7.determined 8.honoured 9.glorious
10.failure
Ⅲ.1.cutout 2.nowandthen 3.makeadifference
4.makesense 5.loseweight 6.comparewith
7.loseheart 8.setanexample
Ⅳ.1.havebeenwaiting 2.intheclassroomratherthanin
thegreathal 3.eventhoughheinvitesme 4.pretended
tobecleaning 5.makehimcaptain
Ⅴ.1.arethey 2.wouldntshe 3.isthere 4.isthere
5.doesntit 6.haventyou 7.shal we 8.wilyou
素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文.文章讲述了一
位记者访谈乔迪马吉奥的经历,并揭示了这位美国传奇
棒球运动员成功的秘诀.
1.D [段落大意题.根据第一段可知,本段主要介绍了乔
迪马吉奥在自己的体育生涯中所取得的辉煌成绩.]
2.C [细节理解题.根据第二、三段可知,记者开始称乔
迪马吉奥为“天才击球手”,而乔迪马吉奥通过现身说
法,证明了自己并非“天才击球手”.]
3.B [推理判断题.根据第四段可知,作者分享乔迪马
吉奥的 故 事,主 要 是 想 证 明 勤 奋 和 苦 练 的 价 值 和 意
义———天才源于勤奋.]
4.C [观点态度题.根据最后一段可知,作者虽然特别强
调了刻意练习的重要性及意义,但是结尾又补充说明:在
竞争激烈的领域,刻意练习通常是必要的,但并不是必然
带 来 成 功.由 此 可 见,他 对 “刻 意 练 习”的 态 度 是 客
观的.]
Ⅱ.[语篇解读] 这是一篇说明文.文章介绍了如何通过
一些具体的方法来提升在运动中的表现.
1.E [下文介绍了一些具体的,可以帮助提升在运动中表
现的方法,因此E项“这里有一些方法可以帮助你变得擅
长运动.”符合语境.]
2.B [根据上文“Sportsteamsareeverywhere,andmostof
themarefreetojoin.(运动队到处都是,而且大多数都是
免费加入的.)”和下文“Recreationcentersareoftenhosts
tosportsteamsaswel.(娱乐中心也经常接待运动队.)”
可知,空处和下文并列,都是提及加入运动队的具体方
法,B项“你可以参加校队选拔赛.”符合语境.]
3.G [上文“Itsnecessarytofindagoodcoachforyou.(给
你找个好教练是很有必要的.)”提到找到一个好教练的
重要性,G项“最好的方法是找一个真正希望看到你成功
的人.”与上文内容紧密相关,进一步强调了选择教练的
重要性.]
4.D [下 文 “Whetheryouplayonesportor multiple
sports,trainingyourentirebodywilimproveyoursports
performance.(无论你是做一项运动还是多种运动,训练
你的整个身体都会提高你的运动表现.)”进一步强调了
训练的全面性,因此,D 项“想办法训练你身体的每一部
分.”符合语境.]
5.A [根据本段内容,尤其是“Youneedasolidfoundation
beforeyoumoveontobiggerthings.(在你开始做更大的
事情之前,你需要一个坚实的基础.)”可知,本段强调了
基础训练的重要性,A项“首先要注意基础.”符合语境.]
Ⅲ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章介绍了奥运会
官方语言的背景知识.
1.an [考查冠词.设空处修饰名词event,表泛指,应用冠
词,设空后important以元音音素开头,故填an.]
2.towin [考查非谓语动词.短语tryonesbesttodo,意
为“尽某人最大努力去做”,故填towin.]
3.founded [考查非谓语动词.设空处为谓语,根据时间状
语in1894可知应用一般过去时,故填founded.]
4.priority [考查名词.设空处和officialstatus(地位)并
列作宾语,应用名词,故填priority.]
5.translated [考查非谓语动词.短语havesth.done,意为
“让某事被做”,theirdocuments和translate之间是被动
关系,所以用过去分词作宾补,故填translated.]
6.who [考查定语从句.设空处引导限制性定语从句,修
饰先行 词 those,指 人,关 系 代 词 在 从 句 中 作 主 语,故
填 who.]
7.participating [考查非谓语动词.动词consider后加动
名词作宾语,故填participating.]
8.Actualy [考查副词.设空处修饰整个句子作状语,应
用副词形式,故填 Actualy.]
9.it [考查代词.设空处为形式宾语,代替后面的that从
句,故填it.]
10.influential [考查形容词.设空处修饰名词status,应
用形容词作定语,故填influential.]
Ⅲ.[参考范文]
Goodmorning,everybody! Todayistheopening
dayoftheSchoolSportsFestival.NowIdliketoappeal
toalofyoutotakemoreexercise.
Aswealknow,“Healthisthegreatestwealth.”
Asstudents,wearesobusywithourstudythatwepay
littleattentiontoexercise.Thatiswhyweshouldset
asidesometimeforexerciseeveryday.Ifweexercise
regularly,wecan build up ourbody andfeelless
stressed.Letstakeactionnow.
Thatsal.Thankyouforyourattentionandwish
youenjoythefestival.
假期作业5
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.1.IamLiHuafrom HongXingMiddleSchool.
2.Thisissomethingyoushouldkeepinmind.
3.TheyareforeignteachersfromAmerica.
4.Helooksveryhappytoday.
5.Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.
Ⅱ.一、1.rescue 2.damage 3.destroy 4.affect 5.ruin
6.supply 7.calm 8.deliver 9.effect
二、1.survive survivor 2.death 3.unify 4.suffer
5.shock shocked shocking 6.breathe breath
7.length long
Ⅲ.1.inruins 2.inshock 3.onhand 4.asusual
5.setup 6.露天;在户外 7.消灭;彻底消除 8.想起
9.遭受 10.查阅
Ⅳ.1.lookingforplacestohide 2.Itseemedasif 3.were
hardtoget 4.washaving when
Ⅴ.ourvilagewasstruckbytheseriousflood whenthe
governmenttooktheimmediatereaction withtheassisG
tanceofthevolunteers Weareveryconfident
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.disasters 2.drought 3.strikes 4.supplies
5.emergency 6.shelter 7.damage 8.effort
Ⅱ.1.deadly 2.beingtrapped 3.wisdom 4.shocked
5.buried 6.flooded 7.from 8.effective 9.powerful
10.breathe
Ⅲ.1.calmdown 2.asusual 3.lessthan 4.insteadof
5.makeeveryeffortto 6.gotuponhisfeet
7.sufferedfrom 8.wassweptaway 9.wentthrough
10.inruins
Ⅳ.1.thinkingoftheproblem 2.wasnothardtosolve
3.Itlooksasif 4.IwaswatchingTV when 5.Burying
herfaceinherhands
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Ⅴ.1.who/thatspoketotheheadmaster 2.whosehairis
brown 3.which/thathappenedinTangshanin1976
4.which/thatthe new couple sent 5.about which
theyretalking
素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.A.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章介绍了关于
一种地震前兆信号的新研究,给地震预测带来了希望.并
主要介绍了这项研究的过程,价值以及阻碍.
1.B [细节理解题.根据第一段“Decadesofsearchingfor
abetterwarningsign-changesinthegeochemistryof
groundwater,electromagneticeffectsintheupperatmosG
phere,andevenchangesinanimalbehavior-havefailed.
Manyquestionwhethersuchaprecursor(先兆)evenexG
ists.(几十年来,人们一直在寻找更好的预警信号———地
下水地球化学的变化、高层大气的电磁效应,甚至动物行
为的变化———但都以失败告终.许多人甚至质疑这样的
前兆是否存在.)”可知,科学家们仍然面临的难题是找到
早期阶段监测地震的方法.]
2.C [细节理解题.根据第三段“Theynoticedthat,inthe
first46hours,therecordsshowednosignificantfeatures.
However,duringthe2hoursbeforetheearthquake,they
noticedsignsofincreasing movementalongthefault
zones(断层带).(他们注意到,在最初的46个小时里,记
录没有显示出明显的特征.然而,在地震发生前的2小
时内,他们注意到沿断裂带移动增加的迹象.)”可知,研
究人员通 过 数 据 分 析 发 现 地 震 发 生 前 2 小 时 前 兆 的
存在.]
3.D [词义猜测题.根据划线词上文“Whilethisprecursor
signalwontbeusedforwarningsanytimesoon,officials
fromtheUnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey(USGS)admit
thatthisnewstudyprovidesvaluableinsightsintohowto
improvetheirwarningsystems(虽然这种前兆信号短期
内不会用于预警,但美国地质调查局(USGS)的官员承
认,这项新研究为如何改进他们的预警系统提供了有价
值的见解)”故推测下文意思是 GPS数据可以推动早期地
震预警 的 进 展,所 以greasethewheelsof意 思 是 推 动
进展.]
4.A [细节理解题.根据最后一段“Theresearchersadmit
theyrestilanumberofstepsawayfromputtingthispreG
cursorsignalintouse,particularlysincedetectingsubtle
signalsatindividualfaultsrequiresmoreGPSstations.
Butthebiggestproblemisthat manyofthe worlds
earthquakeregionshavenoinstrumentation.‘Wecant
realizethedetectionatthescaleofoneearthquake,sowe
cannotmakepredictions,’Bleterysaid.(研究人员承认,
他们距离将这种前兆信号投入使用还有很长的路要走,
特别是因为在单个断层处检测细微信号需要更多的 GPS
站.但最大的问题是,世界上许多地震地区没有仪器.
‘我们无法在一次地震的规模上实现探测,所以我们无法
做出预测,’布莱里说.)”由此可知因为很多地震地区没
有仪器,所以我们很难监测前兆信号,也就是前兆信号的
不可接近性阻碍了新发现的实际应用.]
B.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文.文章主要讲述了飓风
伊恩(Ian)袭击佛罗里达州时,约翰尼(Johnny)游了四个街
区去救自己因为缺少一条腿而坐轮椅的母亲凯伦劳德
(KarenLauder)的故事.
5.C [细节理解题.根据第一段“WhenHurricaneIanhit
Florida,KarenLauderrefusedtoleaveherhomebecause
shewaswrongabouttheintensity(强度)ofthestorm.
(飓风伊恩袭击佛罗里达州时,凯伦劳德拒绝离开家,
因为她对风暴强度的判断有误.)”可知,凯伦不愿意离开
家是因为她对飓风的强度判断失误.]
6.D [细 节 理 解 题.根 据 第 三 段 “Ashemadehisway
throughthewater,Johnnystoppedperiodicalytosnap
selfies(自 拍)toshow hisworriedfamilythathewas
okay.(当他穿过水面时,约翰尼不时停下来自拍,向忧心
忡忡的家人表示他没事.)”可知,当约翰尼穿过水面时还
不时停下来自拍,是为了向忧心忡忡的家人报告他的安
全状况.]
7.B [推 理 判 断 题.根 据 第 三 段 “Ashemadehisway
throughthewater,Johnnystoppedperiodicalytosnap
selfies(自 拍)toshow hisworriedfamilythathewas
okay.(当他穿过水面时,约翰尼不时停下来自拍,向忧心
忡忡的家人表示他没事.)”可知,约翰尼是通过手机和家
人联系的.]
8.D [推 理 判 断 题.根 据 第 四 段 “ThesoundofKaren
shoutinginsidewasmusictohisears! (凯伦在里面叫喊
的声音对他来说简直是音乐!)”可知,当儿子约翰尼听到
母亲凯伦的叫喊时他感到是一种安慰,因为他的母亲还
活着.]
Ⅱ.[语篇解读] 普林斯顿遭遇洪灾,MarioLoutef的家被
淹没了,居民们损失惨重.
1.ruined [考查非谓语动词.分析句子可知,设空处需填
入非谓语动词作定语,以修饰名词belongings.动词ruin
与其逻辑主语 belongings之间是动宾关系,因而用过去
分词形式作定语.故填ruined.]
2.wasdestroyed [考查时态、语态和主谓一致.分析句子
结构可知,设空处应填本句缺少的谓语.由从句时态可
知主句 为 一 般 过 去 时,主 句 的 主 语 Alargepartofhis
community为单数,动词 destroy与它之间是动宾关系,
因而用被动语态.故填 wasdestroyed.]
3.flooding [考查非谓语动词.分析句子结构可知,设空处
需填入非谓语作状语.动词flood的逻辑主语theTuG
lameenRiver与它之间是主谓关系,因而用现在分词形
式.故填flooding.]
4.worse [考查比较级.“否定词+比较级”表达最高级的
含义,这里表示“损失再严重不过了”.故填 worse.]
5.first [考查序数词.“第几层”用“序数词+floor”表示.
故填first.]
6.the [考查冠词.句意:自他被允许进入以来,他一直在
夜以继日地工作.短语aroundtheclock表示“夜以继日
地”.故填the.]
7.which [考查定语从句.分析句子结构可知,设空处与
介词on构成的“介词+关系代词”的结构引导定语从句,
先行词 wals指物,因而设空处需填入 which.]
8.loss [考查名词.句意:Loutef的损失惨重.分析句子
可知,设空处需填入名词作主语.lose的名词形式loss
为不可数名词.]
9.residents [考查名词的数.根据设空处前的 Many及后
面的are可知,设空处需填入名词的复数形式.resident
表示“居民”,为可数名词.故填residents.]
10.who/that [考查定语从句.分析句子结构可知,设空
处引导定语从句,先行词those指人,在从句中作主语,
关系代词用 who或that引导.]
假期作业6
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.1.Thereisapenandthreebooksonthedesk.
2.Therewilbeanewplayatthetheatretomorrow.
3.—“Arethereanyboatsonthelake?”
—“Yes,thereareafewsmalboatsfloatingonthelake.”
4.Thereseemstobesomethingwrongwithhim.
5.Therebeingnobodyelseathand,Ihadtodoitbymyself.
Ⅱ.一、1.bilion 2.native 3.attitude 4.despite 5.maG
jor 6.means 7.struggle 8.demand
二、1.refer 2.base based 3.variety various 4.global
5.appreciate 6.equal equaly equality 7.description
describe
Ⅲ.1.referto 2.relateto 3.bebasedon 4.beequalto
5.avarietyof 6.浮沉;兴衰;荣辱 7.观点;看法 8.有需
要;销路好;受欢迎的 9.关于 10.与作斗争;和
斗争
Ⅳ.1.themore themore 2.howtobe 3.hadbecome
4.ofgreatimportance 5.nomatterwhere
Ⅴ.youarehavingtroublewith itisveryimportant plays
animportantrolein Themoreyoupractice youcanmakeit
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