精品解析：新疆乌鲁木齐市第二十三中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中英语试题

乌鲁木齐市第23中高二英语期中考试试卷(问卷) 考试时间：120分钟 考试分值：150分 Ⅰ、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Flea Markets (跳蚤市场) in Los Angeles Melrose Trading Post This flea market is open every Sunday at Fairfax High School from 9 am to 5 pm. The money raised each week is donated to the school. Melrose Trading Post sells antiques, collectables, art and items made from recycled materials. Through admission and vendor (摊贩) fees, the market helps fund field trips, sports equipment, teaching programs and more. Silverlake Flea The Silverlake Flea operates on the playground of Micheltorena Street Elementary School every Saturday from 8:30 am to 3:30 pm and every Sunday from 9:30 am to 3:30 pm. It is free to the general public. The market has a variety of vendors selling vintage (复古的) clothes, art, collectables and more. It also hosts free performances to keep guests entertained as they shop. Pasadena City College Flea Market The Pasadena City College Flea Market takes place on the first Sunday of every month from 8 am to 3 pm and promises that admission is always free. $2 parking is available in the parking structure off Bonnie Ave. While the outdoor market is known mainly for selling antiques and collectables, it also offers fashion finds. Santa Monica Airport Outdoor Antique & Collectible Market The Santa Monica Airport Outdoor Antique & Collectible Market runs on the first and fourth Sunday of every month, from 7 am until 3 pm. There are plenty of free parking spaces. Admission is $5 for adults, and children are free. It is especially noteworthy that this flea market has a large selection of antique furniture, but there are also many things for fashion lovers to spend their money on. It regularly carries jewelry and everything from vintage to couture fashion. 1. What’s the money raised from Melrose Trading Post used for? A. Assisting local charities. B. Protecting ancient objects. C. Supporting educational activities. D. Launching environmental programs. 2. Which market opens to the public most frequently? A. Silverlake Flea. B. Melrose Trading Post. C. Pasadena City College Flea Market. D Santa Monica Airport Outdoor Antique & Collectible Market. 3. What do the last two markets mentioned above have in common? A. They both offer free parking spaces. B. They both run monthly at the same time. C. They both sell modern furniture pieces. D. They both can attract people living in style. B I lost my sight at 18 due to an eye condition. By the third year of my math and stats degree, I’d decided that enough was enough — I wasn’t going to tiptoe (蹑手蹑脚地走) through life in cotton wool. Against the wishes of my parents, I headed off to Canada. I went there alone — just me and my blindness. That taught me your world becomes bigger when you push your limits. In 2020, I took part in a 220-mile hike across Nicaragua alongside 10 other people with disabilities for a BBC program. We had to work as a team to go across tropical rainforests and a lake with sharks, as well as up a 5,000ft volcano. I was pushing a wheelchair through a dense jungle; no amount of exercise could have prepared me for it — it became all about mental toughness. Often, people who are sighted think they need to be good at describing scenery, but they can just describe what they see as a normal conversation. I love it when people give me the overview first; when you look at a picture, you don’t see the little details straight away. As words go into my ears, they translate into beautiful pictures. I’ll keep the imagery and mix it with other sensory details. If I’m at Victoria Falls, I’ll have the falls described to me, and then feel the spray (水花) on my face. I hear the thunderous falls, and I’m aware of their smell. They’re all feelings that add up to an incredible experience. I had one of my most amazing experiences on a floating island in Lake Titicaca. I took a group in 2022, and the indigenous people had never met anybody blind before. When I took another group a few weeks later, they’d made a scale model of the island so that the blind could touch it. It doesn’t matter where you go, finding that connection is priceless. For blind people, it’s natural to feel that the world has closed for you, but when you have a positive mind, obstacles (障碍) become opportunities. 4. How did the author probably feel about his life before heading off to Canada? A. Puzzled. B. Bored. C. Satisfied. D. Inspired. 5. What can be inferred about the author from his hike in 2020? A. He failed to get along with other people. B. He was treated differently during the trip. C. He trained hard to hike through forests. D. He was tested physically and mentally. 6. Compared with normal people, what may the author think is his advantage in touring? A. His combination of various senses. B. His easy and relaxing schedule. C His rich words and expressions. D. His extraordinary imagination. 7. What can be learned from the author’s experience? A. Time and tide wait for no man. B. Never judge a book by its cover. C. To know oneself is true progress. D. Never set boundaries for one’s life. C For most of us, imagining a world damaged by the climate crisis is painful. After all, it would require us to accept the inconvenient truth and face our deepest fears. But for French photographer and digital artist Fabien Barrau, doing that is necessary to make us face the fact that we’re headed into a terrible world of our own making. Thus was born News From The Future, a series by Barrau. It explores what famous architectural landmarks around the world will look like in consequence of the climate crisis, and was created with the help of his drone (无人机) and remarkable Photoshop skills. “I remain convinced that a simple image can have much impact on people, especially the young, helping them understand the probabilities of the consequences of inaction, thus to act with urgency to avoid its most catastrophic (灾难的) consequences,” Barrau said. To visualize these catastrophic consequences, Barrau digitally changes drone footage (连续镜头) and previous images — taking the Eiffel Tower to dry extremes, drowning the Statue of Liberty in waist-deep floods (the statue’s waist, not ours), while the Arc de Triomphe seems a decoration of the vast ocean. His series is heavily influenced by existing artworks that explore the collapse of a civilization. For example, the image of two whales swimming above the Arc de Triomphe is to show respect for the French artist Roland Cat, whose work imagined sea creatures swimming above drowned cities. He also credits films like Planet of the Apes and Mad Max as major influences. “I like to do landscape and architecture photography and I have travelled to many countries to photograph amazing environments,” Barrau said. “But over the years, I have increasingly felt the catastrophic effects of the climate crisis on biodiversity, landscapes and people. It seems difficult for me to pretend that nothing changes. I believe that the stories that my images tell can help people realize what the need of the hour is.” 8. What was Barrau’s aim of creating News From The Future? A. To prove a prediction. B. To attract public attention. C. To inspire people’s imagination. D. To improve people’s taste in architecture. 9. Which of the following can best describe Barrau’s works? A. Ordinary but attractive. B. Pleasant and refreshing. C. Realistic and colorful. D. Imaginary but powerful. 10. What does the mention of Roland Cat and two films in Paragraph 4 show? A. Barrau’s contributions to the field of art. B. The inspiration behind Barrau’s creations. C. Barrau’s ambition to enter the film industry. D. The high social recognition of Barrau’s works. 11. What does Barrau expect to do through photography? A. Raise people’s environmental awareness. B. Encourage more people to travel across the world. C. Convince people to be prepared for natural disasters. D. Break down people’s prejudices against photography. D Mastering the science and art of performing surgery takes a human years of study and practice. Robots, as it turns out, can learn to do surgical tasks much faster. A new study on Robot Learning introduced the world to a medical robot that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to teach itself to perform surgical tasks as well as a human. The research team from Johns Hopkins University and Stanford University used a da Vinci Surgical System in the study. This is a system designed to perform some surgical tasks while remotely controlled by a human surgeon. The da Vinci robot allows the surgeon to work with much greater control and precision. Using a type of AI training called imitation learning, in which an AI model learns a new task by observing and imitating human actions, reported Fast Company, the robot is able to learn the very complex set of actions needed to carry out a surgical task. While training the robot, the researchers consulted with practicing surgeons who evaluated the robot’s performance. In addition, to truly test the robot, they essentially presented it with an unknown scenario (场景) that it had not trained on. It was able to perform the virtual simulation (模拟) with flying colors. This suggests that the robot was able to generalize, rather than just memorize and would be able to manage the unexpected situations that tend to occur in a real-life operating room. “It’s really magical to have this model where all we do is feed it camera input, and it can predict the robotic movements needed for surgery,” Dr. Axel Krieger, senior author of the study, told Fast Company. “We believe this marks a significant step forward toward a new frontier in medical robotics.” Automated medical devices could make high-quality medical procedures and care available in places lacking medical infrastructure. Not every small city employs top-tier surgeons in their hospitals. An automated surgeon could bring all the skills and expertise of a human surgeon to the people who need them. 12. How does the robot actually perform surgery? A. By simplifying complex actions. B. By remotely controlling a human surgeon. C. By being guided by a doctor at its side. D. By learning from human behavior. 13. What does the underlined phrase “with flying colors” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Perfectly. B. Patiently. C. Secretly. D. Formally. 14. How does Dr. Axel Krieger find the model? A. It will be applied to more operations. B. It is innovative. C. It needs to be improved. D. It is cost-effective. 15. What aspect of the robot does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. Its principle. B. Its target. C. Its significance. D. Its development. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It's a place like no other in the world. At the center of the Antarctic continent, the South Pole is a desert of snow. Although the conditions may be harsh and unwelcoming, the daily life of someone at the South Pole Station is exciting and interesting. During construction, we sent over 100 people to the station each year. ___16___ Before you are allowed to go to the South Pole you have to go through a physical examination to make sure you are healthy enough to travel and handle the conditions. Getting to the South Pole as a member of the IceCube Project requires a lot of time in the air. ___17___ Everyone headed to Antarctic is offered special clothing to protect against the cold, including parkas, mittens, boots, and more. The South Pole Station houses approximately 200 people. ___18___ It also has a gym, a greenhouse, and more. ___19___ The hose(软管) is driven into an ice cave to melt the ice. The melted water is then siphoned(用虹吸管) out for drinking and other uses. When the melted area becomes too low for the hose to reach, the hose will be moved to create a new hole. ___20___ People form clubs, start bands, attend classes and events that reflect their interests-from learning about the other projects going on at the station to learning Scottish dancing! In fact, it often seems like there's too much to do and too little time. Working at the South Pole changes your perspective on the world. It is extremely beautiful. A. Fresh water is made by using a hot water hose. B. It has a kitchen and a dining room for daily use. C. Hot water is not available at the South Pole Station. D. Here is a little taste of what their experience was like. E. Faced with the freezing weather, they need to be prepared. F. There are always things to do at the South Pole for recreation. G. Traveling from the Northern part of the globe typically takes 72 hours or more. Ⅱ、语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I grew up in a small North Dakota town. Dad was a farmer, so we kids were taught ___21___ to drive farm vehicles. I started driving the tractor (拖拉机) at age 15 . One summer day, Dad asked me to back his truck up. ___22___, I backed it into a tree, damaging the truck. I was ___23___ because I wasn’t sure how Dad would react. Luckily, Dad wasn’t ___24___, and moved the truck himself. As a teenager, I usually worked part-time on Uncle Jim’s farm in my ___25___ time. One day, I drove the tractor to get gas from the farmyard fuel tank, which was ___26___ on a big metal shelf 12 feet high. I ___27___ the shelf, bending one of the vehicle’s wooden bars. I stopped the vehicle anxiously and got off. I ___28___ Uncle Jim would help me. To my ___29___, he said, “Get back up on that tractor and you can do it.” And I did! During harvest, Jim had me do farming chores with that tractor, which made my confidence ____30____ greatly. The “can do” ____31____ Uncle Jim had toward me carried me through ____32____ times in life. Whenever I encountered difficulties the ____33____ on the summer day on the farm came flooding back to my mind and my spirit wasn’t ____34____ ! It just goes to show what a huge impact can be created by small gestures of ____35____ in a person. 21. A. early B. hard C. recently D. fast 22. A. Frankly B. Skillfully C. Intentionally D. Unfortunately 23. A. curious B. scared C. embarrassed D. hesitant 24. A. mad B. pleased C. worried D. proud 25. A. entire B. quality C. spare D. limited 26. A. emptied B. operated C. placed D. transformed 27. A. built up B. ran into C. tore down D. passed by 28. A. claimed B. doubted C. worried D. assumed 29. A. disappointment B. surprise C. fright D. satisfaction 30. A. decline B. suffer C. grow D. change 31. A. admiration B. judgment C. affection D. attitude 32. A. tough B. confusing C. relaxing D. valuable 33. A. comment B. expectation C. reflection D. plan 34. A. broken B. recognized C. refreshed D. raised 35. A. justice B. belief C. interest D. courage 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As the earth warms up as a result of human activities, more frequent and fiercer weather events ____36____ (report) around the world in the past few years. Studies show that it is more possible that more heat waves and some other types of extreme weathers will strike in the future. A ____37____ (warm) environment can intensify heat waves ____38____ improving the chances of very hot days and nights. And it is also ____39____ (connect) with heavier rains and snowstorms, The earth’s warmer oceans make ____40____ possible that the strongest storms will be fiercer, produce more rainfall, affect ____41____ (wide) areas, and possibly last a longer time. Besides, sea level rise makes more seawater pushed on to the coasts during storms, ____42____, along with more rainfall produced by the storms, can result in ____43____ (disaster) storms and flooding. While the warming may well make storms fiercer, the change in the number of hurricanes each year is quite uncertain. Some conditions suitable for strong thunderstorms that cause hurricanes are expected ____44____ (increase) with warming, but uncertainty remains in other conditions that affect hurricane formation. These are ____45____ (subject) of continuous research. Ⅲ、根据提示补全句子(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 46. A person’s success in an interview depends heavily on the interviewer’s s________(主观的)impression. （根据中英文提示填空） 47. Quality is our commitment to you, and also the g________(保证) of our reputation. (根据中英文提示填空) 48. Having an enthusiastic and d________(充满活力的) personality is crucial. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 49. Some genetically engineered plants can resist natural pests such as v________ (病毒) or insects. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 50. The old man devoted his whole life to the c______ (保护) of wild animals. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 51. Few plants will t _________ (忍受) sudden changes in temperature. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 52 They planned to fill the new house with some new f______ (家具). (根据中英文提示填空) 53. Our teacher asked us to do some t________ (彻底的) cleaning the next day. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 54. With a 3D printer, a cook can print c________ (复杂的) chocolate sculptures on a wedding cake. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 55. This affects Chinese summer rainfall v________(变化), particularly in north and northeast China. (根据中英文提示填空) 56. His ________ (influence) behavior had a deep influence on me. (所给词的适当形式填空) 57. My former classmate has changed beyond ________ (recognize) and therefore, I have great difficulty recognizing him. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58. As is known to us all, a ________ (harmony) society means that human beings can get along well with each other. (所给词的适当形式填空) 59. I am enthusiastic about my job and my enthusiasm enables me to treat my job ______ (enthusiastic). (所给词的适当形式填空) 60. Dozens of workers are ________ (qualify) for their jobs in the international firm. (所给词的适当形式填空) Ⅳ、用所给短语的适当形式填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 用所给短语的适当形式填空 persevere in in response to be fined for in harmony with turn sb. down meet the deadline on behalf of correspond with be absorbed in have an influence on 61. ______ the novel, Emily didn’t notice her coffee getting cold. 62. Recent studies show that social media ______ teenagers’ mental health more than previously thought. 63. The modern art exhibition, ______ the traditional culture of the city, received widespread praise. 64. ______ the public’s complaints about pollution, the mayor promised stricter regulations. 65. He spoke ______ the student union to put forward a proposal to save water on our campus. 66. He ______ speeding last year. 67. Despite her excellent qualifications, Sarah ______ by three companies last month. 68. Next week, the research team ______ scientists in 5 countries to finalize the report. 69. To ______, all employees are required to submit their drafts by Friday. 70. ______ in learning a second language for many years, James finally passed the advanced proficiency exam. Ⅴ、书面表达(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 71. 你校英语报以“Sport is happiness”为题举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 解释原因； 2. 发出倡议。 注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右； (2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Sport is happiness ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 72. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A delivery man saved five children from a house on fire. While out on his evening pizza delivery shift, Nicholas Bostic drove past a two-story home on fire. Shocked at the frightening sight, he stopped his car and rushed over to assess (评估) the situation and to determine if anyone might be trapped inside. Nicholas reached for his phone to dial 911, but he realized at once that he left it at home. He bravely entered the house without any hesitation. Nicolas went into the house through the back door. He rushed upstairs, shouting “fire!” throughout the home. The oldest child, Seionna, heard his screams and woke up. She woke her younger sister and a friend who had stayed the night. She then ran to grab her 1-year-old baby sister. Nicholas called out to the terrified girls and instructed them to follow him. The sisters — Seionna, 18; Shaylee, 13; and Kaleia, 1 — and their family friend, Livian, 13, followed his directions to escape to the safety of the street. Once outside in the fresh air, the girls shook in fear and coughed from the smoke. However, they soon realized that their 6-year-old sister, Kaylani, had not escaped with them. Nicholas rushed back again into the house full of fire. He rushed up the stairs and searched for the missing girl under beds and in the closets of each room. He wouldn’t give up his search despite the thickening smoke stopping his sight and his ability to breathe. “I don’t know how to explain it, but it was like I accepted I was going to probably die, right there, that night,” Nicholas explained. Nicholas finally heard a faint cry coming from downstairs. He covered his mouth and nose with his shirt as he followed the voice. He crawled (爬行) his way through the smoke to reach the child. Once he found her, he caught her up and attempted to make his way to the back door. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1: He couldn’t see anything except some light coming from the upstairs bedroom, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The fire department arrived on the scene as Nicholas landed on the ground. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 乌鲁木齐市第23中高二英语期中考试试卷(问卷) 考试时间：120分钟 考试分值：150分 Ⅰ、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Flea Markets (跳蚤市场) in Los Angeles Melrose Trading Post This flea market is open every Sunday at Fairfax High School from 9 am to 5 pm. The money raised each week is donated to the school. Melrose Trading Post sells antiques, collectables, art and items made from recycled materials. Through admission and vendor (摊贩) fees, the market helps fund field trips, sports equipment, teaching programs and more. Silverlake Flea The Silverlake Flea operates on the playground of Micheltorena Street Elementary School every Saturday from 8:30 am to 3:30 pm and every Sunday from 9:30 am to 3:30 pm. It is free to the general public. The market has a variety of vendors selling vintage (复古的) clothes, art, collectables and more. It also hosts free performances to keep guests entertained as they shop. Pasadena City College Flea Market The Pasadena City College Flea Market takes place on the first Sunday of every month from 8 am to 3 pm and promises that admission is always free. $2 parking is available in the parking structure off Bonnie Ave. While the outdoor market is known mainly for selling antiques and collectables, it also offers fashion finds. Santa Monica Airport Outdoor Antique & Collectible Market The Santa Monica Airport Outdoor Antique & Collectible Market runs on the first and fourth Sunday of every month, from 7 am until 3 pm. There are plenty of free parking spaces. Admission is $5 for adults, and children are free. It is especially noteworthy that this flea market has a large selection of antique furniture, but there are also many things for fashion lovers to spend their money on. It regularly carries jewelry and everything from vintage to couture fashion. 1. What’s the money raised from Melrose Trading Post used for? A. Assisting local charities. B. Protecting ancient objects. C. Supporting educational activities. D. Launching environmental programs. 2. Which market opens to the public most frequently? A. Silverlake Flea. B. Melrose Trading Post. C. Pasadena City College Flea Market. D. Santa Monica Airport Outdoor Antique & Collectible Market. 3. What do the last two markets mentioned above have in common? A. They both offer free parking spaces. B. They both run monthly at the same time. C. They both sell modern furniture pieces. D. They both can attract people living in style. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了洛杉矶四个跳蚤市场。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Melrose Trading Post部分中“Through admission and vendor fees, the market helps fund field trips, sports equipment, teaching programs and more. (通过入场费和摊贩费，这个市场帮助资助实地考察、体育器材、教学项目等等)”可知，梅尔罗斯交易站筹集的资金用于支持教育活动。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Melrose Trading Post部分中“Melrose Trading Post This flea market is open every Sunday at Fairfax High School from 9 am to 5 pm.(梅尔罗斯交易站这个跳蚤市场每周日上午9点到下午5点在费尔法克斯高中开放)”可知，梅尔罗斯交易站每周开放1天；根据Silverlake Flea部分中“The Silverlake Flea operates on the playground of Micheltorena Street Elementary School every Saturday from 8:30 am to 3:30 pm and every Sunday from 9:30 am to 3:30 pm.(银湖跳蚤市场每周六上午8:30到下午3:30以及每周日上午9:30到下午3:30在米歇尔托雷纳街小学操场开放)”可知，银湖跳蚤市场每周开放2天；根据Pasadena City College Flea Market部分中“The Pasadena City College Flea Market takes place on the first Sunday of every month from 8 am to 3 pm(帕萨迪纳城市学院跳蚤市场每月第一个周日上午8点到下午3点开放)”可知，帕萨迪纳城市学院跳蚤市场每月开放1天；根据Santa Monica Airport Outdoor Antique & Collectible Market部分中“The Santa Monica Airport Outdoor Antique & Collectible Market runs on the first and fourth Sunday of every month, from 7 am until 3 pm.(圣莫尼卡机场户外古董与收藏品市场在每月的第一个和第四个周日上午7点到下午3点开放)”可知，圣莫尼卡机场户外古董与收藏品市场每月开放2天。由此可知，银湖跳蚤市场向公众开放的频率最高。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Pasadena City College Flea Market部分中“While the outdoor market is known mainly for selling antiques and collectables, it also offers fashion finds. (虽然这个户外市场主要以售卖古董和收藏品而闻名，但它也有时尚好物)”和Santa Monica Airport Outdoor Antique & Collectible Market部分中“It is especially noteworthy that this flea market has a large selection of antique furniture, but there are also many things for fashion lovers to spend their money on. It regularly carries jewelry and everything from vintage to couture fashion. (特别值得注意的是，这个跳蚤市场有大量的古董家具可供选择，但也有很多东西供时尚爱好者消费。它经常有珠宝以及从复古到高级定制的各种时尚物品)”可知，这两个跳蚤市场都能吸引追求时尚生活的人。故选D项。 B I lost my sight at 18 due to an eye condition. By the third year of my math and stats degree, I’d decided that enough was enough — I wasn’t going to tiptoe (蹑手蹑脚地走) through life in cotton wool. Against the wishes of my parents, I headed off to Canada. I went there alone — just me and my blindness. That taught me your world becomes bigger when you push your limits. In 2020, I took part in a 220-mile hike across Nicaragua alongside 10 other people with disabilities for a BBC program. We had to work as a team to go across tropical rainforests and a lake with sharks, as well as up a 5,000ft volcano. I was pushing a wheelchair through a dense jungle; no amount of exercise could have prepared me for it — it became all about mental toughness. Often, people who are sighted think they need to be good at describing scenery, but they can just describe what they see as a normal conversation. I love it when people give me the overview first; when you look at a picture, you don’t see the little details straight away. As words go into my ears, they translate into beautiful pictures. I’ll keep the imagery and mix it with other sensory details. If I’m at Victoria Falls, I’ll have the falls described to me, and then feel the spray (水花) on my face. I hear the thunderous falls, and I’m aware of their smell. They’re all feelings that add up to an incredible experience. I had one of my most amazing experiences on a floating island in Lake Titicaca. I took a group in 2022, and the indigenous people had never met anybody blind before. When I took another group a few weeks later, they’d made a scale model of the island so that the blind could touch it. It doesn’t matter where you go, finding that connection is priceless. For blind people, it’s natural to feel that the world has closed for you, but when you have a positive mind, obstacles (障碍) become opportunities. 4. How did the author probably feel about his life before heading off to Canada? A. Puzzled. B. Bored. C. Satisfied. D. Inspired. 5. What can be inferred about the author from his hike in 2020? A. He failed to get along with other people. B. He was treated differently during the trip. C. He trained hard to hike through forests. D. He was tested physically and mentally. 6. Compared with normal people, what may the author think is his advantage in touring? A. His combination of various senses. B. His easy and relaxing schedule. C. His rich words and expressions. D. His extraordinary imagination. 7. What can be learned from the author’s experience? A. Time and tide wait for no man. B. Never judge a book by its cover. C. To know oneself is true progress. D. Never set boundaries for one’s life. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一名盲人不愿再小心翼翼地过生活，决定大胆走出去，独自去了加拿大旅行，及他在游览途中的心得体会。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“... I’d decided that enough was enough — I wasn’t going to tiptoe through life in cotton wool. Against the wishes of my parents, I headed off to Canada.(……我决定受够了——我不想在棉絮里一样蹑手蹑脚地生活。我不顾父母的反对，前往加拿大)”可知，作者在去加拿大之前，对自己的生活感到厌恶，觉得无聊。故选B项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“We had to work as a team to go across tropical rainforests and a lake with sharks, as well as up a 5,000ft volcano. I was pushing a wheelchair through a dense jungle; no amount of exercise could have prepared me for it — it became all about mental toughness.(我们必须作为一个团队穿过热带雨林和一个有鲨鱼的湖泊，以及一座5000英尺高的火山。我推着轮椅穿过茂密的丛林；再多的运动也不可能让我为此做好准备——这一切都是关于精神上的坚韧)”可推知，这次的远足对作者的身心都是一个考验。故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“As words go into my ears, they translate into beautiful pictures. I’ll keep the imagery and mix it with other sensory details. If I’m at Victoria Falls, I’ll have the falls described to me, and then feel the spray (水花) on my face. I hear the thunderous falls, and I’m aware of their smell. They’re all feelings that add up to an incredible experience.(当话语进入我的耳朵，它们就变成了美丽的画面。我将保留图像并将其与其他感官细节混合。如果我在维多利亚瀑布，我会让人向我描述瀑布，然后感受水花打在脸上的感觉。我听到了雷鸣般的瀑布声，我闻到了瀑布的味道。它们都是一种不可思议的体验)”可知，旅行中，和视觉正常的人相比，可以运用更多种感官（听觉、触觉、嗅觉等）综合体验景色。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“That taught me your world becomes bigger when you push your limits.(它教会了我，当你挑战自己的极限时，你的世界会变得更大)”和最后一段“For blind people, it’s natural to feel that the world has closed for you, but when you have a positive mind, obstacles (障碍) become opportunities.(对于盲人来说，感觉世界对你关闭是很自然的，但是当你有一个积极的心态时，障碍就会变成机会)”可知，作者通过自己的体验与感悟告诉我们：当你勇于挑战自我时，你的世界就会变得更加宽广，困难中也蕴含着机会，所以不要给自己的人生设限。故选D项。 C For most of us, imagining a world damaged by the climate crisis is painful. After all, it would require us to accept the inconvenient truth and face our deepest fears. But for French photographer and digital artist Fabien Barrau, doing that is necessary to make us face the fact that we’re headed into a terrible world of our own making. Thus was born News From The Future, a series by Barrau. It explores what famous architectural landmarks around the world will look like in consequence of the climate crisis, and was created with the help of his drone (无人机) and remarkable Photoshop skills. “I remain convinced that a simple image can have much impact on people, especially the young, helping them understand the probabilities of the consequences of inaction, thus to act with urgency to avoid its most catastrophic (灾难的) consequences,” Barrau said. To visualize these catastrophic consequences, Barrau digitally changes drone footage (连续镜头) and previous images — taking the Eiffel Tower to dry extremes, drowning the Statue of Liberty in waist-deep floods (the statue’s waist, not ours), while the Arc de Triomphe seems a decoration of the vast ocean. His series is heavily influenced by existing artworks that explore the collapse of a civilization. For example, the image of two whales swimming above the Arc de Triomphe is to show respect for the French artist Roland Cat, whose work imagined sea creatures swimming above drowned cities. He also credits films like Planet of the Apes and Mad Max as major influences. “I like to do landscape and architecture photography and I have travelled to many countries to photograph amazing environments,” Barrau said. “But over the years, I have increasingly felt the catastrophic effects of the climate crisis on biodiversity, landscapes and people. It seems difficult for me to pretend that nothing changes. I believe that the stories that my images tell can help people realize what the need of the hour is.” 8. What was Barrau’s aim of creating News From The Future? A. To prove a prediction. B. To attract public attention. C. To inspire people’s imagination. D. To improve people’s taste in architecture. 9. Which of the following can best describe Barrau’s works? A. Ordinary but attractive. B. Pleasant and refreshing. C. Realistic and colorful. D. Imaginary but powerful. 10. What does the mention of Roland Cat and two films in Paragraph 4 show? A. Barrau’s contributions to the field of art. B. The inspiration behind Barrau’s creations. C. Barrau’s ambition to enter the film industry. D. The high social recognition of Barrau’s works. 11. What does Barrau expect to do through photography? A. Raise people’s environmental awareness. B. Encourage more people to travel across the world. C. Convince people to be prepared for natural disasters. D. Break down people’s prejudices against photography. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了法国摄影师和数字艺术家Fabien Barrau系列作品《来自未来的新闻》的诞生，他利用无人机和PS技术打造出了一组震撼人心的照片，让我们面对这样一个事实：我们正走向一个由我们自己创造的可怕世界，呼吁人们正视环境和气候问题。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段末的引文“I remain convinced that a simple image can have much impact on people, especially the young, helping them understand the probabilities of the consequences of inaction, thus to act with urgency to avoid its most catastrophic (灾难的) consequences(我仍然相信，一张简单的照片可以对人们，尤其是年轻人产生很大的影响，帮助他们了解不作为的后果，从而采取紧急行动，避免最灾难性的后果)”可知，Barrau创作这个系列作品的目的是引发公众对环境问题的关注。故选B项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“To visualize these catastrophic consequences, Barrau digitally changes drone footage and previous images — taking the Eiffel Tower to dry extremes, drowning the Statue of Liberty in waist-deep floods (the statue’s waist, not ours), while the Arc de Triomphe seems a decoration of the vast ocean.(为了将这些灾难性的后果可视化，Barrau用数字技术改变了无人机拍摄的画面和之前的图像——将埃菲尔铁塔置于极端干燥的环境中，将自由女神像淹没在齐腰深的洪水中，而凯旋门似乎是浩瀚海洋的装饰)”可知，文章第3段对Barrau作品的描述，如“将埃菲尔铁塔置于极端干旱中，自由女神像淹没于洪水中”，这些场景虽为虚构，但通过数字技术呈现，具有强烈警示意义，文中提到他利用无人机和Photoshop技能，结合艺术想象，突出作品的虚构性与感染力，所以Barrau的作品是虚构的但是很有冲击力和影响力。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“His series is heavily influenced by existing artworks that explore the collapse of a civilization. For example, the image of two whales swimming above the Arc de Triomphe is to show respect for the French artist Roland Cat, whose work imagined sea creatures swimming above drowned cities. He also credits films like Planet of the Apes and Mad Max as major influences.(他的系列作品在很大程度上受到了现有艺术作品的影响，这些艺术作品探索了文明的崩溃。例如，两只鲸鱼在凯旋门上方游泳的形象是向法国艺术家罗兰·卡特（Roland Cat）致敬，他的作品想象了海洋生物在被淹没的城市上方游泳。他还认为《猩球》和《疯狂的麦克斯》等电影对他的影响很大)”可知，本段提到Roland Cat和两部电影说明了Barrau的系列作品在很大程度上受到了现有的与探索文明消亡相关的艺术作品的影响，说明了Barrau创作的灵感来源。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段末引文“I remain convinced that a simple image can have much impact on people, especially the young, helping them understand the probabilities of the consequences of inaction, thus to act with urgency to avoid its most catastrophic (灾难的) consequences(我仍然相信，一张简单的照片可以对人们，尤其是年轻人产生很大的影响，帮助他们了解不作为的后果，从而采取紧急行动，避免最灾难性的后果)”及最后一段“I believe that the stories that my images tell can help people realize what the need of the hour is.(我相信我的照片所讲述的故事可以帮助人们意识到当前的需求是什么)”可知，Barrau希望通过摄影使人们认识到环境恶化的问题，增强人们的环保意识。故选A项。 D Mastering the science and art of performing surgery takes a human years of study and practice. Robots, as it turns out, can learn to do surgical tasks much faster. A new study on Robot Learning introduced the world to a medical robot that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to teach itself to perform surgical tasks as well as a human. The research team from Johns Hopkins University and Stanford University used a da Vinci Surgical System in the study. This is a system designed to perform some surgical tasks while remotely controlled by a human surgeon. The da Vinci robot allows the surgeon to work with much greater control and precision. Using a type of AI training called imitation learning, in which an AI model learns a new task by observing and imitating human actions, reported Fast Company, the robot is able to learn the very complex set of actions needed to carry out a surgical task. While training the robot, the researchers consulted with practicing surgeons who evaluated the robot’s performance. In addition, to truly test the robot, they essentially presented it with an unknown scenario (场景) that it had not trained on. It was able to perform the virtual simulation (模拟) with flying colors. This suggests that the robot was able to generalize, rather than just memorize and would be able to manage the unexpected situations that tend to occur in a real-life operating room. “It’s really magical to have this model where all we do is feed it camera input, and it can predict the robotic movements needed for surgery,” Dr. Axel Krieger, senior author of the study, told Fast Company. “We believe this marks a significant step forward toward a new frontier in medical robotics.” Automated medical devices could make high-quality medical procedures and care available in places lacking medical infrastructure. Not every small city employs top-tier surgeons in their hospitals. An automated surgeon could bring all the skills and expertise of a human surgeon to the people who need them. 12. How does the robot actually perform surgery? A. By simplifying complex actions. B. By remotely controlling a human surgeon. C. By being guided by a doctor at its side. D. By learning from human behavior. 13. What does the underlined phrase “with flying colors” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Perfectly. B. Patiently. C. Secretly. D. Formally. 14. How does Dr. Axel Krieger find the model? A. It will be applied to more operations. B. It is innovative. C. It needs to be improved. D. It is cost-effective. 15. What aspect of the robot does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. Its principle. B. Its target. C. Its significance. D. Its development. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一款能够利用人工智能技术自学执行手术任务的医疗机器人。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Using a type of AI training called imitation learning, in which an AI model learns a new task by observing and imitating human actions, reported Fast Company, the robot is able to learn the very complex set of actions needed to carry out a surgical task.(据《快公司》报道，使用一种称为模仿学习的人工智能训练，其中人工智能模型通过观察和模仿人类行为来学习新任务，机器人能够学习执行手术任务所需的一组非常复杂的动作。)”可知，机器人通过模仿学习掌握手术技能，即观察并模仿人类行为。故选D。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词后面的句子“This suggests that the robot was able to generalize, rather than just memorize and would be able to manage the unexpected situations that tend to occur in a real-life operating room.(这表明机器人能够概括，而不仅仅是记忆，并且能够应付现实生活中手术室中经常发生的意外情况。)”可知，机器人能够成功应对现实生活中手术室中经常发生的意外情况，由此可推测出，“It was able to perform the virtual simulation (模拟) with flying colors”表达的是机器人能够出色地执行虚拟模拟，with flying colors意为“出色地”，与perfectly意思相近。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段““It’s really magical to have this model where all we do is feed it camera input, and it can predict the robotic movements needed for surgery,” Dr. Axel Krieger, senior author of the study, told Fast Company. “We believe this marks a significant step forward toward a new frontier in medical robotics.”(该研究的资深作者Axel Krieger博士告诉《快公司》杂志：“拥有这个模型真的很神奇，我们所做的就是给它输入摄像头，它可以预测手术所需的机器人运动。我们认为，这标志着朝着医疗机器人新领域迈出了重要一步。”)”可知，Axel Krieger博士认为这一模型很神奇，并认为它标志着医疗机器人新领域的重要进步，这强调其创新性。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Automated medical devices could make high-quality medical procedures and care available in places lacking medical infrastructure. Not every small city employs top-tier surgeons in their hospitals. An automated surgeon could bring all the skills and expertise of a human surgeon to the people who need them.(自动化医疗设备可以在缺乏医疗基础设施的地方提供高质量的医疗手术和护理。并非每个小城市的医院都雇用了顶级外科医生。自动化外科医生可以将人类外科医生的所有技能和专业知识带给需要它们的人。)”可知，最后一段指出自动化医疗设备可为缺乏基础设施的地区提供高质量医疗服务，强调其社会意义。故选C。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It's a place like no other in the world. At the center of the Antarctic continent, the South Pole is a desert of snow. Although the conditions may be harsh and unwelcoming, the daily life of someone at the South Pole Station is exciting and interesting. During construction, we sent over 100 people to the station each year. ___16___ Before you are allowed to go to the South Pole, you have to go through a physical examination to make sure you are healthy enough to travel and handle the conditions. Getting to the South Pole as a member of the IceCube Project requires a lot of time in the air. ___17___ Everyone headed to Antarctic is offered special clothing to protect against the cold, including parkas, mittens, boots, and more. The South Pole Station houses approximately 200 people. ___18___ It also has a gym, a greenhouse, and more. ___19___ The hose(软管) is driven into an ice cave to melt the ice. The melted water is then siphoned(用虹吸管) out for drinking and other uses. When the melted area becomes too low for the hose to reach, the hose will be moved to create a new hole. ___20___ People form clubs, start bands, attend classes and events that reflect their interests-from learning about the other projects going on at the station to learning Scottish dancing! In fact, it often seems like there's too much to do and too little time. Working at the South Pole changes your perspective on the world. It is extremely beautiful. A. Fresh water is made by using a hot water hose. B. It has a kitchen and a dining room for daily use. C. Hot water is not available at the South Pole Station. D. Here is a little taste of what their experience was like. E. Faced with the freezing weather, they need to be prepared. F. There are always things to do at the South Pole for recreation. G. Traveling from the Northern part of the globe typically takes 72 hours or more. 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文。本文介绍了南极的一些情况以及生活在南极站的生活体验。 【16题详解】 上文“During construction, we sent over 100 people to the station each year.（在建设期间，我们每年送100多人到南极站）”，D选项中的their指代的就是over 100 people，且空格处是第一段末句，起到承上启下的作用。下文也讲到了这些人在南极站的一些生活体验，故选D。 【17题详解】 上文“Getting to the South Pole as a member of the IceCube Project requires a lot of time in the air.（作为冰立方项目的一员，要到达南极需要在空中待很长时间）”与G选项“Traveling from the Northern part of the globe typically takes 72 hours or more.（从北半球出发通常需要72小时或更长的时间）”是顺承关系，表明到南极的所需要的时间很长，故选G。 【18题详解】 根据后文“It also has a gym, a greenhouse, and more.（它还有一个健身房，一个温室，等等）”可知，这是讲南极站的基础设施，B选项“It has a kitchen and a dining room for daily use.（它有一个厨房和一个供日常使用的餐厅）”符合上下文语境，与下文为并列关系。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据下文“The hose(软管) is driven into an ice cave to melt the ice. The melted water is then siphoned(用虹吸管) out for drinking and other uses. When the melted area becomes too low for the hose to reach, the hose will be moved to create a new hole.（软管插入冰洞去融化冰。融化的水会被吸出来供饮用和其他用途。当融化的区域太低以至于软管无法到达时，软管将被移动以创造一个新的洞）”可知，这段讲的是南极站用水的来源。A选项“Fresh water is made by using a hot water hose.（淡水是用热水软管制成的）”和下文内容相关，符合语境，故选A。 【20题详解】 根据下文“People form clubs, start bands, attend classes and events that reflect their interests-from learning about the other projects going on at the station to learning Scottish dancing!（人们组建俱乐部，组建乐队，参加反映他们兴趣课程和活动——从了解南极站正在进行的其他项目到学习苏格兰舞蹈!）”可知，这段讲的是南极站人们的日常生活。空格处是本段的主题句，F选项“There are always things to do at the South Pole for recreation.（在南极总有娱乐活动可做）”概括本段主旨，符合语境，故选F。 Ⅱ、语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I grew up in a small North Dakota town. Dad was a farmer, so we kids were taught ___21___ to drive farm vehicles. I started driving the tractor (拖拉机) at age 15 . One summer day, Dad asked me to back his truck up. ___22___, I backed it into a tree, damaging the truck. I was ___23___ because I wasn’t sure how Dad would react. Luckily, Dad wasn’t ___24___, and moved the truck himself. As a teenager, I usually worked part-time on Uncle Jim’s farm in my ___25___ time. One day, I drove the tractor to get gas from the farmyard fuel tank, which was ___26___ on a big metal shelf 12 feet high. I ___27___ the shelf, bending one of the vehicle’s wooden bars. I stopped the vehicle anxiously and got off. I ___28___ Uncle Jim would help me. To my ___29___, he said, “Get back up on that tractor and you can do it.” And I did! During harvest, Jim had me do farming chores with that tractor, which made my confidence ____30____ greatly. The “can do” ____31____ Uncle Jim had toward me carried me through ____32____ times in life. Whenever I encountered difficulties, the ____33____ on the summer day on the farm came flooding back to my mind and my spirit wasn’t ____34____ ! It just goes to show what a huge impact can be created by small gestures of ____35____ in a person. 21. A. early B. hard C. recently D. fast 22. A. Frankly B. Skillfully C. Intentionally D. Unfortunately 23. A. curious B. scared C. embarrassed D. hesitant 24. A. mad B. pleased C. worried D. proud 25. A. entire B. quality C. spare D. limited 26. A. emptied B. operated C. placed D. transformed 27. A. built up B. ran into C. tore down D. passed by 28. A. claimed B. doubted C. worried D. assumed 29 A. disappointment B. surprise C. fright D. satisfaction 30. A. decline B. suffer C. grow D. change 31. A. admiration B. judgment C. affection D. attitude 32. A. tough B. confusing C. relaxing D. valuable 33. A. comment B. expectation C. reflection D. plan 34. A. broken B. recognized C. refreshed D. raised 35. A. justice B. belief C. interest D. courage 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在成长过程中，在父亲和叔叔吉姆的鼓励和帮助下，克服驾驶农用车辆时遇到的困难和挑战，从而增强了自信心。文章表达了积极面对困难、勇于尝试的主题，并强调了他人鼓励和支持对个人成长的重要影响。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：爸爸是个农民，所以我们这些孩子很早就学会了驾驶农用车。A. early早；B. hard严重地；C. recently最近；D. fast快。根据上文“Dad was a farmer(父亲是个农民)”以及下文“I started driving the tractor (拖拉机) at age 15(我在15岁就开始驾驶拖拉机)”可知，作者很早就学会驾驶农用车，故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我倒车时撞上了一棵树，把卡车撞坏了。A. Frankly直率地；B. Skillfully熟练地；C. Intentionally故意地；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据下文“I backed it into a tree, damaging the truck(我倒车时撞上了一棵树，把卡车撞坏了)”可知此处说的是一件不幸的事情，故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很害怕，因为我不知道爸爸会有什么反应。A. curious好奇的；B. scared害怕的；C. embarrassed局促不安的；D. hesitant犹豫的。根据下文“I wasn’t sure how Dad would react(我不知道爸爸会有什么反应)”可知，作者不确定爸爸对自己撞坏了车这件事是什么反应，感到害怕，故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，爸爸没有生气，他自己把卡车开走了。A. mad愤怒的；B. pleased高兴的；C. worried困恼的；D. proud自豪的。根据上文“I wasn’t sure how Dad would react(我不知道爸爸会有什么反应)”以及“Luckily(幸运的是)”可知，作者原本担心父亲生气，幸运的是父亲没有生气，故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：十几岁的时候，我经常利用业余时间在吉姆叔叔的农场做兼职。A. entire全部的；B. quality优质的；C. spare空闲的；D. limited有限的。根据上文“As a teenager, I usually worked part-time on Uncle Jim's farm(十几岁的时候，我经常在吉姆叔叔的农场做兼职)”可知，十几岁不是做农活的年龄，所以作者做兼职只能是在空闲时间，故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我开着拖拉机去农场的油箱加油，油箱放在一个12英尺高的大金属架上。A. emptied清空；B. operated操作；C. placed放；D. transformed改变。根据下文“on a big metal shelf 12 feet high(在一个12英尺高的大金属架上)”可知，油箱放在一个12英尺高的大金属架上，故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不小心撞上了架子，弄弯了拖拉机的一根木杆。A. built up逐步建立；B. ran into撞上；C. tore down拆除；D. passed by路过。根据下文“the shelf, bending one of the vehicle’s wooden bars(……架子，弄弯了拖拉机的一根木杆)”可推理出作者不小心撞上了架子，故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为吉姆叔叔会帮我。A. claimed声称；B. doubted怀疑；C. worried担忧；D. assumed认为。根据下文“Uncle Jim would help me(吉姆叔叔会帮我)”可知，下文说的是作者自认为吉姆叔叔会提供帮助，故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，他说：“回到那辆拖拉机上，你能做到的。”A. disappointment失望；B. surprise惊奇；C. fright害怕；D. satisfaction满足。根据下文“To my surprise, he said, “Get back up on that tractor and you can do it.” And I did!( 令我惊讶的是，他说：“回到那辆拖拉机上，你能做到的。”然后我真的做到了！)”可知，吉姆叔叔没有帮助作者，而是认为作者能做好，这使作者感到惊奇，故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在收获季节，吉姆让我用那辆拖拉机做农活，这大大增强了我的信心。A. decline减少；B. suffer忍受；C. grow增加；D. change变化。根据上文“To my surprise, he said, “Get back up on that tractor and you can do it.” And I did!( 令我惊讶的是，他说：“回到那辆拖拉机上，你能做到的。”然后我真的做到了！)”以及“During harvest, Jim had me do farming chores with that tractor, which made my confidence … greatly(在收获季节，吉姆让我用那辆拖拉机做农活，这大大……了我的信心)”可知，吉姆叔叔认为作者能做好，而且作者也确实做好了，在收获期间，吉姆让作者使用拖拉机来完成农活，这个过程显著地增加了作者的信心，故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉姆叔叔对我的“能行”态度使我在人生中的艰难时刻得以度过。A. admiration赞赏；B. judgment判断；C. affection喜爱；D. attitude态度。根据上文“The “can do”(能行)”可知上文说的是吉姆对作者的能把事情做好的态度，故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. tough艰难的；B. confusing难以理解的；C. relaxing愉快的；D. valuable有价值的。根据下文“Whenever I encountered difficulties(每当我遇见困难的时候)”可知，是生活中的困难时刻，故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我遇到困难时，我都会回想起那个农场上的夏日，我的精神就不会被打败！A. comment评论；B. expectation期待；C. reflection回忆；D. plan计划。根据下文“on the summer day on the farm(那个农场上的夏日)”可知，是对过去的回忆，故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. broken破坏；B. recognized公认；C. refreshed使……神清气爽；D. raised提高。根据上文“on the summer day on the farm came flooding back to my mind(回想起那个农场上的夏日)”可知，农场上的那个夏日，作者在吉姆的鼓励之下完成了任务，信心大增，现在回想起那个夏日，作者的精神应该是受到鼓舞，不会被打败（破坏）。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这恰恰说明了，一个人小小的信任姿态能产生多大的影响。A. justice正义；B. belief信任；C. interest兴趣；D. courage勇气。根据上文“ Get back up on that tractor and you can do it.”可知，此处指一个小小的信任能对人产生很大的影响，故选B项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As the earth warms up as a result of human activities, more frequent and fiercer weather events ____36____ (report) around the world in the past few years. Studies show that it is more possible that more heat waves and some other types of extreme weathers will strike in the future. A ____37____ (warm) environment can intensify heat waves ____38____ improving the chances of very hot days and nights. And it is also ____39____ (connect) with heavier rains and snowstorms, The earth’s warmer oceans make ____40____ possible that the strongest storms will be fiercer produce more rainfall, affect ____41____ (wide) areas, and possibly last a longer time. Besides, sea level rise makes more seawater pushed on to the coasts during storms, ____42____, along with more rainfall produced by the storms, can result in ____43____ (disaster) storms and flooding. While the warming may well make storms fiercer the change in the number of hurricanes each year is quite uncertain. Some conditions suitable for strong thunderstorms that cause hurricanes are expected ____44____ (increase) with warming, but uncertainty remains in other conditions that affect hurricane formation. These are ____45____ (subject) of continuous research. 【答案】36. have been reported 37. warming 38. by 39. connected 40. it 41. wider 42. which 43. disastrous 44. to increase 45. subjects 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了由于人类活动导致地球变暖，在过去几年中世界各地出现了更频繁、更猛烈的天气事件，并阐述了变暖环境对热浪、降雨、风暴等天气现象的影响，以及关于飓风数量变化的不确定性等相关内容。 【36题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：在过去几年里，由于人类活动地球变暖，世界各地有更多频繁且更猛烈的天气事件被报道。根据时间状语 “in the past few years” 可知，句子要用现在完成时。“weather events” 和 “report” 之间是被动关系，即天气事件被报道，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态 “have/has been + 过去分词” ，“weather events” 是复数，故填have been reported。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：一个正在变暖的环境可以加剧热浪，增加出现极热白天和夜晚的可能性。这里需要一个形容词修饰 “environment” ，“warm” 的现在分词形式 “warming” 可作形容词，表示 “正在变暖的” ，故填warming。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：一个正在变暖的环境可以通过增加出现极热白天和夜晚的可能性来加剧热浪。“by”在这里表示方式，意为 “通过” ，即通过某种方式加剧热浪，by doing sth. (通过做某事)，故填by。 【39题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：而且它（变暖环境）也与更大量的降雨和暴风雪有关。“be connected with” 是固定搭配，意为 “与…… 有关” ，故填connected。 【40题详解】 考查形式宾语。句意：地球变暖的海洋使得最强风暴可能会更猛烈，产生更多降雨，影响更广泛的区域，并且可能持续更长时间。这里“make it + 形容词 + that 从句” ，“it” 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的“that从句” ，故填it。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：地球变暖的海洋使得最强风暴可能会更猛烈，产生更多降雨，影响更广泛的区域，并且可能持续更长时间。根据前文 “fiercer”“more rainfall” 等比较级形式，这里也应用比较级，表示 “更广泛的区域” ，形容词“wide” 的比较级是 “wider” ，作定语修饰名词areas，故填wider。 【42题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：此外，海平面上升使得在风暴期间更多海水被推向海岸，这与风暴产生的更多降雨一起，可能会导致灾难性的风暴和洪水。这里是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子 “sea level rise makes more seawater pushed on to the coasts during storms” ，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which，故填which。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：此外，海平面上升使得在风暴期间更多海水被推向海岸，这与风暴产生的更多降雨一起，可能会导致灾难性的风暴和洪水。这里需要一个形容词作定语修饰名词“storms” ，“disaster” 的形容词形式 “disastrous” 表示 “灾难性的” ，故填disastrous。 【44题详解】 考查不定式。句意：一些适合引发飓风的强雷暴的条件预计会随着气候变暖而增加，但影响飓风形成的其他条件仍存在不确定性。“be expected to do sth.” 是固定搭配，意为 “被预计做某事” ，故填to increase。 【45题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：这些是持续研究的课题。根据“are”可知，用复数名词subjects作主语，故填subjects。 Ⅲ、根据提示补全句子(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 46. A person’s success in an interview depends heavily on the interviewer’s s________(主观的)impression. （根据中英文提示填空） 【答案】subjective##ubjective 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：一个人在面试中的成功很大程度上取决于面试官的主观印象。名词impression前用形容词修饰。根据中英文提示及句意，故填subjective。 47. Quality is our commitment to you, and also the g________(保证) of our reputation. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】guarantee##uarantee 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：质量是我们对您的承诺，也是我们声誉的保证。根据首字母g可知，表示“保证”应用名词guarantee作表语。故填guarantee。 48. Having an enthusiastic and d________(充满活力的) personality is crucial. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】dynamic#ynamic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：有一个热情活力的个性至关重要。根据提示，此空填形容词，与and之前的形容词并列作定语。故填dynamic。 49. Some genetically engineered plants can resist natural pests such as v________ (病毒) or insects. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】viruses##iruses 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：一些转基因植物能够抵抗自然害虫，如病毒或昆虫。根据空中英文提示可知，空处应用名词virus“病毒”，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式与insects并列。故填viruses。 50. The old man devoted his whole life to the c______ (保护) of wild animals. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】conservation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位老人一生致力于野生动物的保护。根据首字母 “c” 及中文提示 “保护”，且空格前有定冠词 the，这里应填名词，conservation 意为“保护”作宾语，符合语境。故填conservation。 51. Few plants will t _________ (忍受) sudden changes in temperature. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】tolerate##olerate 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：很少有植物能忍受温度的突然变化。由首字母提示t可知，“忍受”是tolerate，句子时态是一般将来时，空处用动词原形。故填tolerate。 52. They planned to fill the new house with some new f______ (家具). (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】furniture##urniture 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们计划在新房子里添置一些新家具。根据中英文提示可知，furniture“家具”，不可数名词，作介词with的宾语，故填furniture。 53. Our teacher asked us to do some t________ (彻底的) cleaning the next day. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】thorough##horough 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的老师要求我们第二天做一次彻底的清扫。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示“彻底的”可知，应填形容词thorough，作定语修饰名词cleaning。故填thorough。 54. With a 3D printer, a cook can print c________ (复杂的) chocolate sculptures on a wedding cake. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】complicated##omplicated 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：借助3D打印机，厨师可以在婚礼蛋糕上制作出复杂的巧克力雕塑。根据汉语提示和首字母c以及空格后的名词短语chocolate sculptures可知，空格处应该用形容词complicated作定语，修饰后面的名词短语。故填complicated。 55. This affects Chinese summer rainfall v________(变化), particularly in north and northeast China. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】variation##ariation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这影响了中国夏季降雨的变化，特别是在中国北部和东北部。根据汉语提示可知，此处需要填入名词“变化”，variation表示“变化”；降雨量的变化是不可数的。故填variation。 56. His ________ (influence) behavior had a deep influence on me. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】influential 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的有影响力的行为对我产生了深远的影响。空处修饰名词behavior，需用形容词influential作定语。故填influential。 57. My former classmate has changed beyond ________ (recognize) and therefore, I have great difficulty recognizing him. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】recognition 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我以前的同学变得认不出来了，因此我很难认出他来。根据上文介词beyond可知，此处应填名词作宾语，构成固定短语“beyond recognition”，表示“认不出来；面目全非”。故填recognition。 58. As is known to us all, a ________ (harmony) society means that human beings can get along well with each other. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】harmonious 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：众所周知，一个和谐的社会意味着人类可以相处得很好。由空后society为名词可知，此处为形容词harmonious“和谐的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填harmonious。 59. I am enthusiastic about my job and my enthusiasm enables me to treat my job ______ (enthusiastic). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】enthusiastically 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：我对工作充满热情，这份热情让我能热情地对待工作。空格处修饰动词treat，需用副词形式。enthusiastic的副词为enthusiastically，表示“热情地”，符合语境。故填enthusiastically。 60. Dozens of workers are ________ (qualify) for their jobs in the international firm. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】qualified 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：数十名员工已获得这家国际公司的工作资格认证。根据空格前的are可知，空格处应该用形容词qualified作表语，be qualified for“有……的资格；可胜任……”是固定搭配。故填qualified。 Ⅳ、用所给短语的适当形式填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 用所给短语的适当形式填空 persevere in in response to be fined for in harmony with turn sb. down meet the deadline on behalf of correspond with be absorbed in have an influence on 61. ______ the novel, Emily didn’t notice her coffee getting cold. 62. Recent studies show that social media ______ teenagers’ mental health more than previously thought. 63. The modern art exhibition, ______ the traditional culture of the city, received widespread praise. 64. ______ the public’s complaints about pollution, the mayor promised stricter regulations. 65. He spoke ______ the student union to put forward a proposal to save water on our campus. 66. He ______ speeding last year. 67. Despite her excellent qualifications, Sarah ______ by three companies last month. 68. Next week, the research team ______ scientists in 5 countries to finalize the report. 69. To ______, all employees are required to submit their drafts by Friday. 70. ______ in learning a second language for many years, James finally passed the advanced proficiency exam. 【答案】61. Absorbed in 62. have had an influence on##has had an influence on##have an influence on##has an influence on 63. in harmony with 64. In response to 65. on behalf of 66. was fined for 67. was turned down 68. will correspond with 69. meet the deadline 70. Having persevered (in) 【解析】 【61题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：埃米莉全神贯注地看小说，没注意到咖啡变凉了。结合“didn’t notice her coffee getting cold”可知，动词短语be absorbed in，意为“全神贯注于”符合题意，此处用过去分词短语作状语，省略be动词。故填Absorbed in。 【62题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：近期研究表明，社交媒体对青少年心理健康的影响比之前认为的要大。that引导的宾语从句缺谓语，结合“teenagers’ mental health”可知，动词短语have an influence on，意为“对……有影响”符合题意，主语“social media”是集合名词，作主语时，谓语动词可用复数形式，也可将其视为整体，用单数形式，结合语境，可用一般现在时表示陈述事实，也可以表示对现在造成的影响用现在完成时。故填have/has had an influence on 或have/has an influence on。 【63题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：这场与城市传统文化相契合的现代艺术展览，获得了广泛赞誉。句子主干完整，空后是“the traditional culture of the city”，用介词短语in harmony with，意为“与……协调；与……一致”符合题意，作后置定语。故填in harmony with。 【64题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：为回应公众对污染问题的投诉，市长承诺出台更严格的规定。结合“the public’s complaints about pollution”可知，介词短语in response to，意为“回应；响应”符合题意，作状语，句首首字母大写。故填In response to。 【65题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：他代表学生会提出在我们校园节约用水的提议。结合“the student union”，介词短语 on behalf of，意为“代表”符合题意，作状语。故填on behalf of。 【66题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：他去年因超速被罚款。句子缺谓语，结合speeding，动词短语be fined for，意为“因……被罚款”符合题意，时间是last year，句子用一般过去时，主语是He，be动词用was。故填was fined for。 【67题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：尽管萨拉资历优秀，但上个月她被三家公司拒绝了。句子缺谓语，结合“by three companies”可知，动词短语turn sb. down，意为“拒绝某人”符合题意，此处是被动语态，时间状语是last month，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是Sarah，be动词用was。故填was turned down。 【68题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：下周，研究团队将与5个国家的科学家沟通以最终确定报告。句子缺谓语，结合“scientists in 5 countries”可知，动词短语correspond with意为“与……通信；与……相符”符合题意，时间状语是Next week，句子用一般将来时。故填will correspond with。 【69题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：为了按时完成任务，所有员工需在周五前提交草稿。结合“submit their drafts by Friday”可知，动词短语meet the deadline，意为“按时完成；赶上最后期限”符合题意，此处是不定式作目的状语，to后用动词原形。故填meet the deadline。 【70题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：多年来坚持学习第二语言，詹姆斯最终通过了高级水平考试。结合“in learning a second language for many years”，动词短语persevere in，意为“坚持”，“坚持学习”这一动作发生在“通过考试”之前，用现在分词的完成式作状语。故填Having persevered (in)。 Ⅴ、书面表达(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 71. 你校英语报以“Sport is happiness”为题举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 解释原因； 2. 发出倡议。 注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右； (2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Sport is happiness ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Sport is happiness Are you feeling stressed out because of too much work or too many demands? If so why not have a try at sport? Sport can bring you happiness. Sport can magically stimulate various brain chemicals that may leave you feeling more relaxed and less anxious. A sweaty basketball match or just a jogging will definitely get you refreshed and energetic. Additionally, sport can connect you with more friends who are always the cure for your troubles. Go in for sport and you will not only get physically stronger but also mentally happier. (92) 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的稿件。要求考生向学校英语报投稿，写一篇题为“Sport is happiness”的短文。 【详解】1.词汇积累 因为：because of→ on account of/as a result of 各种各样：various → a variety of 肯定地：definitely→ absolutely 此外：additionally→ what’s more/ besides/in addition 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Go in for sport and you will not only get physically stronger but also mentally happier. 拓展句：If you go in for sport and you will not only get physically stronger but also mentally happier. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Sport can magically stimulate various brain chemicals that may leave you feeling more relaxed and less anxious.（运用了that引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】Additionally, sport can connect you with more friends who are always the cure for your troubles.（运用了who引导的定语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 72. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A delivery man saved five children from a house on fire. While out on his evening pizza delivery shift, Nicholas Bostic drove past a two-story home on fire. Shocked at the frightening sight, he stopped his car and rushed over to assess (评估) the situation and to determine if anyone might be trapped inside. Nicholas reached for his phone to dial 911, but he realized at once that he left it at home. He bravely entered the house without any hesitation. Nicolas went into the house through the back door. He rushed upstairs, shouting “fire!” throughout the home. The oldest child, Seionna, heard his screams and woke up. She woke her younger sister and a friend who had stayed the night. She then ran to grab her 1-year-old baby sister. Nicholas called out to the terrified girls and instructed them to follow him. The sisters — Seionna, 18; Shaylee, 13; and Kaleia, 1 — and their family friend, Livian, 13, followed his directions to escape to the safety of the street. Once outside in the fresh air, the girls shook in fear and coughed from the smoke. However, they soon realized that their 6-year-old sister, Kaylani, had not escaped with them. Nicholas rushed back again into the house full of fire. He rushed up the stairs and searched for the missing girl under beds and in the closets of each room. He wouldn’t give up his search despite the thickening smoke stopping his sight and his ability to breathe. “I don’t know how to explain it, but it was like I accepted I was going to probably die, right there, that night,” Nicholas explained. Nicholas finally heard a faint cry coming from downstairs. He covered his mouth and nose with his shirt as he followed the voice. He crawled (爬行) his way through the smoke to reach the child. Once he found her, he caught her up and attempted to make his way to the back door. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1: He couldn’t see anything except some light coming from the upstairs bedroom, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The fire department arrived on the scene as Nicholas landed on the ground. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: He couldn’t see anything except some light coming from the upstairs bedroom, so he quickly changed his route with a plan to escape from the bedroom window. As flames burned at his feet, he broke the window’s glass with his bare hand. He covered the young girl in blankets to protect her from the flames. Holding Kaylani tightly, he then jumped out of the second-story window. As he landed on the ground, he turned to his side and broke Kaylani’s fall with his own body. The fire department arrived on the scene as Nicholas landed on the ground. The little girl had not got any injuries. Nicholas, though, suffered severe burns, and serious injuries from the fall. Emergency responders rushed him to the hospital for treatment. The children’s parents said they felt incredibly grateful to Nicholas for risking his own life to save their children. The city honored Nicholas for his bravery. Friends organized a Go - FundMe account to help cover his medical expenses. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了外卖员尼古拉斯在火灾中英勇救出五名儿童的故事，重点描写了他第二次冲进火场救6岁女孩Kaylani的惊险过程及后续发展。 【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“他只能看到楼上卧室透出的一些光”可知，第一段可描写尼古拉斯如何利用这线生机制定逃生计划，以及跳窗救人的惊险过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“消防部门到达现场时尼古拉斯刚落地”可知，第二段可描写救援到达后的场景、尼古拉斯的伤情以及社会各界对他的表彰和帮助。 2.续写线索：发现光源——改变路线——破窗逃生——保护女孩——跳窗受伤——救援到达——获得表彰 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①改变：change/alter ②用毯子包裹：cover…in blankets/wrap…in blankets ③挽救：save/rescue 情绪类 ①感激：feel grateful/be thankful ②勇敢：bravery/courage/nerve 【点睛】[高分句型1] As flames burned at his feet, he broke the window’s glass with his bare hand.（由as引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型2] The children’s parents said they felt incredibly grateful to Nicholas for risking his own life to save their children.（由省略that引导的宾语从句） [高分句型3] Holding Kaylani tightly, he then jumped out of the second-story window.（现在分词作伴随状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$